Period One Listening and Speaking
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.①on ②Basically ③based ④on the basis of /based on their language abilities ⑤work out on a regular basis/take exercise on a regular basis
2.①loaning ②loaned ③on ④take out a loan ⑤loaned me 2,000 yuan/loaned 2,000 yuan to me
3.①for ②apology ③Apologising ④to apologise to you for my not being able to ⑤apologised in a low voice
4.①ignorance ②ignorant ③ignoring ④Ignore what the players from other teams would say ⑤was ignorant of/about
5.①in turn ②by turns ③In return for ④in return ⑤gave me a sweet smile in return ⑥in return for your kindness
6.①judgements ②be judged ③Judging ④never judge people from/by their appearances ⑤Judging by/from your last letter
句型透视
①taken ②talking ③translated ④reading the newspaper
⑤When completedUnit 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
Period One Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.1.basis 2.loan 3.apologised 4.ignore 5.judged
6.plastic
Ⅱ.1.apology 2.ignorant 3.judgement 4.determined 5.performing 6.basis 7.perfectly 8.lucky
Ⅲ.1.on a regular basis 2.took out a loan 3.Judging from/by 4.in return 5.lead a quiet life 6.To be honest
Ⅳ.A
【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。作者在硕士毕业后因为要偿还学费债务而选择和父母一起居住来省钱,有些人能理解她,有些人则不能。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“I always pictured myself graduating from college, getting a cool job and even having a cute little place of my own.”可知,作者曾经的设想是大学毕业之后自己有个漂亮的小房子。故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“By the time I finished graduate school, I had had a $150,000 debt from both undergraduate and graduate education…At this rate,it would take me 30 years to pay off my student loans. At last, I decided to live with my parents.”可知,作者研究生毕业的时候欠了15万美元的债务,可能需要30年才能还清。最后作者决定和父母一起生活。由此可知,作者与父母一起生活是为了省钱偿还债务。故选C。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第三段“Our co-workers in the medical field think it is a great idea because many of them are facing the same piles of debt.”可知,作者的同事认为和父母一起住在家里是个好事,因为他们大多数也面临着同样沉重的债务。由此可知,同事对于作者与父母一起住这件事是赞同的。故选B。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Some people might think that we are too lazy to find a job. I don’t think my neighbours understand it, as they continually ask me when I am going to graduate and if I am old enough to look after their children.”可推知,邻居总是让作者帮忙照顾孩子是因为他们认为作者没有工作。故选C。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Leal帮助妹妹Lauren偿还学生贷款的故事。
5.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“In 2021, NCAA allowed college athletes like Leal to earn promotional money through photograph signing, social media interactions, advertising campaigns, and even teaching camps and lessons. Thanks to it, Leal was able to save money and helped take off the burden on his sister’s shoulders.”可知,Leal通过参加商业活动帮助他的妹妹还清学生贷款。故选C。
6.C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Besides looking back on several precious moments in their childhood, Leal also mentioned in the note that he didn’t expect his sister to pay back the money. Instead, he hoped she would pay it forward.”可知,Leal希望妹妹将爱心传递下去。故选C。
7.B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“I can go full steam ahead in my future and do what I want to accomplish, without having that just weighing me down and holding me back. So it’s just incredible…”可知,Lauren的贷款还完后,她感到自由和兴奋。故选B。
8.A 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据文章第三段中的“On Christmas Day, he surprised his sister Lauren by letting her know what he’s been up to in the past two years.”以及“Someone like you deserves no burdens or restrictions in life, and I feel that the best way to help with that is by paying off your student loan debt.”可知,本文讲述了Leal帮助妹妹Lauren偿还了学生贷款并将这个消息在圣诞节时告诉妹妹。A项“一份惊喜的圣诞礼物”符合文章主题,故选A。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文,主要讨论了如今人们对金钱的看法。许多人认真地存钱,节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。作者建议人们在太小没法找工作时适度消费。
1.thought 考查时态。根据时间状语back in 1924可知,句子是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填thought。
2.starting 考查非谓语动词。作介词of的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填starting。
3.surprisingly 考查副词。空处位于句首,作状语,应用副词形式。故填surprisingly。
4.underdeveloped 考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语,修饰名词world。underdeveloped意为“不发达的”。故填underdeveloped。
5.the 考查冠词。根据of being thrifty可知,此处表示特指,应用定冠词。故填the。
6.for 考查介词。take…for example是固定用法,“以……为例”。故填for。
7.richest 考查形容词最高级。结合the world’s可知,此处指“世界上最富有的人之一”,用形容词最高级。故填richest。
8.activities 考查名词复数。activity是可数名词,其前无限定词,结合语境可知,应用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
9.that/which 考查定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词是a British saying,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
10.themselves 考查反身代词。空处作宾语,宾语和主语pounds是同一对象,应用反身代词。故填themselves。Unit 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
主题语境——人与社会之文学、艺术与体育
[导读] 不同的人对金钱有不同的态度。金钱对我们所有人来说都是必要的,但它并不是我们的全部。
On money
Different people have different attitudes towards money. For example, some of the rich are very mean with money, while some of them are quite generous. Some people lack money but they are not absorbed in the pursuit of wealth, while some people regard money as everything. As far as I am concerned, money is necessary for all of us, but it is not all for us.
For one thing, money is necessary for all of us. In modern society, money is one of the tools for measuring the value and can be used to exchange materials. All materials we need for our basic existence are all about money. Without money, our existence will be threatened and we cannot find our way to live. Therefore, all of us need to earn money to afford our basic needs, such as food, clothes and houses.
For another, money is not all for us. Though money can be used to exchange materials for our basic needs, it is not almighty. For example, we cannot use money to buy real love or happiness. Hence, just as Francis Bacon said, “Money is a good servant and a bad master.” We cannot be controlled by money so that we will not be a pathetic slave of money.
In short, we need money but we should not regard money as our only purpose. Only by holding this attitude can we use our money properly.
【主题词句背诵】
1.an attitude towards 对……的态度
2.be mean with 对……吝啬
3.be absorbed in 沉迷于……
4.as far as I am concerned 就我而言
5.Different people have different attitudes towards money. For example, some of the rich are very mean with money, while some of them are quite generous.
不同的人对金钱持有不同的态度。例如,一些富人对钱很吝啬,而另一些富人却很慷慨。
6.Though money can be used to exchange materials for our basic needs, it is not almighty.
虽然钱可以用来交换材料来满足我们的基本需求,但它不是万能的。
7.Hence, just as Francis Bacon said, “Money is a good servant and a bad master.”
因此,正如弗朗西斯·培根所说:“金钱是善仆,也是恶主。”
8.We cannot be controlled by money so that we will not be a pathetic slave of money. 我们不能被钱控制,这样我们才不会成为它可怜的奴隶。
9.Only by holding this attitude can we use our money properly.
只有持这种态度,我们才能恰当地使用钱。
Period One Listening and Speaking
1.basis n. (the important facts, ideas, etc. from which something is developed)基础;基点;基准;根据
(教材P50)Is money the basis of a happy life
钱是幸福生活的基础吗
(1)on the basis of… 根据……;基于……;
以……为基础
on a regular basis(=regularly)
定期地; 经常地
lay the basis for… 为……打基础
(2)basic adj. 基础的
basically adv. 基本上,大体上;总的说来,从根本上说
(3)base n. (某物的)底部; 基础
v. 以……为基础
base…on/upon 以……为基础/根据
【佳句背诵】
The story tells us that we shouldn’t judge a person on the basis of appearance.
这个故事告诉我们,不要以貌取人。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] A new exhibition in Halifax uses everyday activities to explain the hidden maths principles we all use a regular basis.
②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] So, what are they learning (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
③More than 2,000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created this overall framework to mark the annual passage of time (base) on observations of the sun’s movement.
◆完成句子
④[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷应用文写作] My suggestion is to group students or to let students choose their own partners.
我的建议是根据学生的语言能力对他们进行分组,或者让学生自己选择搭档。
⑤Additionally, I strongly recommend that you (should) ,
which is an ideal way to relieve stress.(应用文写作之建议信)
此外,我强烈建议你定期锻炼身体,这是缓解压力的理想方式。
2.loan n. 贷款;借款 vt. (to lend)借出;借给
(教材P50)Chen spent all her savings and took out a large loan. 陈花完了她所有的积蓄还贷了一大笔款。
(1) apply for a loan 申请贷款
take out a loan 取得贷款
repay one’s loan 偿还某人的贷款
on loan 借出
(2)loan sb sth (=loan sth to sb) 借给某人某物
loan out 出借
【佳句背诵】
You’d better repay your loan on time, as late repayments may affect your credit.
你最好按时还贷,因为逾期还款可能影响你的信誉。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The couple loved their paintings, hanging them around the house and (loan) them to museums to be exhibited.
②Works of art (loan) for a specific exhibition typically are kept for about three months.
③[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are loan from China.
◆完成句子
④To buy a new apartment, I have to of 1,000,000 yuan from the bank, which will take me 30 years to pay off.
为了买一套新公寓,我不得不向银行贷款100万元,这需要我30年才能还清。
⑤I ran out of money before payday, so my father to tide me over.
在发薪日之前我把钱用光了, 因此父亲借给我2000元帮我渡过难关。
3.apologise vi. (to say that you are sorry for doing sth wrong or causing a problem)道歉
(教材P50)Wang Zheng apologised to Chen because he couldn’t offer her more money.
王正向陈道歉,因为他不能为她提供更多的钱。
(1)apologise to sb for (doing) sth
因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologise to sb that… 向某人道歉……
(2)apology n. 道歉;歉意
make an apology to sb for sth
因某事向某人道歉
owe sb an apology (for sth)
(因某事)应向某人道歉
accept/refuse an/one’s apology
接受/拒绝道歉/某人的道歉
【佳句背诵】
Please accept my apology for any trouble my mistake has caused you.
对于我的失误给你造成的任何麻烦,请接受我的道歉。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2021·全国甲卷] I come to you, hat in hand, to apologise the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.
②A heartfelt (apologise) can not only heal a damaged relationship but also make it stronger.
③ (apologise) to others does not necessarily mean lowering yourself but acknowledging your mistakes sincerely.
◆完成句子
④I’m writing you this letter pay a visit to Beijing with you next week.
我给你写这封信是为下周不能和你一起游览北京而向你道歉。(应用文写作之道歉信)
⑤With her eyes fixed on the floor, Liya came over and , “You mean a lot to us.” (读后续写之动作描写)
莉亚眼睛盯着地板,走过来低声道歉,“你对我们来说很重要。”
4.ignore vt. (to intentionally not listen or give attention to)不理睬;忽视
(教材P50)Also, while listening, don’t ignore the speakers’ tone and intonation—these can be important clues, too.
而且,在听的时候,不要忽视说话者的语气和语调——这些也可能是重要的线索。
(1)ignore one’s advice/mistakes
忽视某人的建议/过错
(2)ignorance n. 无知;愚昧
in ignorance of sth 不知道某事
(3)ignorant adj. 无知的;愚昧的
be ignorant about/of sth 对某事一无所知
【佳句背诵】
Despite the great convenience smartphones have brought to people’s life, their side effects can’t be ignored.
尽管智能手机给人们的生活带来了很大的便捷,但其负面影响不容忽视。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
① The (ignore) of protecting the environment would result in a lot of severe consequences.
②He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite (ignore).
③Nowadays, many young people get addicted to playing their cellphones wherever they are, completely (ignore) their friends around.
◆完成句子
④[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] “ and I believe you could make it!” Upon hearing my words,David beamed a big smile,stood up and moved towards the starting line.
“不要在意其他队的队员怎么说,我相信你能做到!”听到我的话,戴维笑容满面,站起来朝起跑线走去。
⑤The foreign student from Italy Chinese culture before coming to China.
在来到中国之前,那个意大利留学生对中国文化一无所知。
5.in return 作为回报;作为回应
(教材P51)When we help someone, should we expect to get something in return 当我们帮助某人时,我们应该期望得到回报吗
in return for… 作为……的回报
in turn 依次,轮流,逐个;转而;相应地
by turns 轮流;时而……时而……
【活学活用】
◆用turn/return相关短语填空
①[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] I post my work on social media and, , have met some of the kindest people.
②Mrs Bennet was quite nervous at the news. She looked out of the window, and fixed her attention on the clock .
③ their hospitality, Mr and Mrs Brown decided to hold a party to treat their neighbours.
④While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything .
◆完成句子
⑤When I greeted the foreign visitors with “Hello”, they .
当我用“Hello”向外国游客们打招呼的时候, 他们回报我以甜甜的微笑。
⑥I deeply appreciate your help and I hope to have the opportunity to show you around Beijing .我非常感谢你的帮助,并且我希望有机会带你参观北京以报答你的好意。(应用文写作之感谢信)
6.judge n.法官;审判员;裁判员 vt. & vi. (to form an opinion about something after considering all the details or facts)判断;评价;评判
(教材P51)Should we judge people based on how much money they have 我们应该根据人们拥有多少钱来评判他们吗
(1)judge sb/sth from/by… 以……来判断……
be judged to be/as 被判定为
as far as I can judge 据我判断;我认为
(2)judging by/from… 从……上看;根据……
判断(作状语)
(3)judgement n. 判断;审判;判断力
[温馨提示] judging from/by…置于句首作状语时, v.-ing形式不受主语的影响,构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有:generally speaking一般来说;frankly speaking坦白地说;considering…考虑到……。
【佳句背诵】
As a judge, he has good judgement and never judges a person by his or her appearance. 作为一名法官,他有很好的判断力,且从不以貌取人。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do, and can make (judge) based on information.
②As students differ from each other in many aspects, they should never (judge) by their scores.
③ (judge) from what he said just now, he was quite disappointed at the result of the game.
◆完成句子
④As far as I can judge, , for true beauty comes from the inside.我认为永远不要以貌取人,因为真正的美来自内在。(读后续写之主旨升华)
⑤ , you are about to take part in the Chinese Bridge Competition and I am writing with the intention of informing you of some dos and don’ts.从你上封信来看,你即将参加汉语桥比赛,我写信的目的是告诉你一些注意事项。(应用文写作之告知信)
(教材P50) Also, while listening, don’t ignore the speakers’ tone and intonation—these can be important clues, too. 而且,在听的时候,不要忽视说话者的语气和语调——这些也可能是重要的线索。
状语从句的省略
句型公式
【句式点拨】
句中while listening相当于while you are listening。当when, while, unless, as if等引导状语从句时,若从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,构成“连词+v.-ing/v.-ed/adj./n.…”形式的省略结构。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①When (take) according to the instructions, the drug has the least side effects.
②They were surprised by her openness when (talk) about her private life.
③If (translate) word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.
◆完成句子/句式改写
④He drinks coffee while at 5:30 am every morning to start a new day.
每天早上五点半,他一边看报纸,一边喝咖啡,开启新的一天。
⑤When the museum is completed, it will be open to the public next year.
→ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (用省略句改写) Unit 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
Period One Listening and Speaking
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The first year provides students with a sound theoretical (基础) for later study.
2.She’s trying to get a $50,000 (贷款) to start her own business.
3.They (道歉) and said they would make less noise from then on.
4.This issue was of such importance that we could not afford to (忽视) it.
5.They will not be (判断) by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character.
6.If (塑料)and rubber are burnt, they’ll give off poisonous gases.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.He is demanding a full (apologise) from the newspaper for not telling people the truth about his personal life.
2.His (ignorance) behaviour at the dinner table caused much embarrassment.
3.She showed a lack of (judge) when she gave Mark the job.
4.It was a very tough season because we were up against some very (determine) competitors, but we had a very strong will to win.
5.Luckily, my coach taught me how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while (perform) the routine.
6.Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily (base).
7.After two years in Spain, Kate spoke Spanish (perfect).
8.Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the (luck) ones who only suffered minor injuries.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.In order to keep fit, I work out (定期地) unless I’m too busy.
2.We (取得贷款) to buy a new car last year.
3. (由……判断) his excited look, he has found the key to solving the difficult problem.
4.She is always ready to help others and asking for nothing (作为回报).
5.They decided to settle down in the countryside so that they could (过平静的生活).
6. (说实话,坦率地说), I am not the person deserving the honour; it should be given to whoever has made the greatest contribution.
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
A
I always pictured myself graduating from college, getting a cool job and even having a cute little place of my own. So far, I have a master’s degree and the coolest job ever as a physician assistant. But instead of waking up in a pretty apartment, I hear the early morning sound of my parents making coffee downstairs. At 27, I still live with my parents, and I love it.
As a physician assistant, I make a good salary and would be able to live on my own comfortably if I needed to do so. By the time I finished graduate school, I had had a $150,000 debt from both undergraduate and graduate education. My father calculated that my loans were increasing by $15 a day in interest (利息) alone. At this rate, it would take me 30 years to pay off my student loans. At last, I decided to live with my parents.
Several of my physician assistant friends are in the same boat as I am—we are all highly educated, white-collar employees who live at home. Our co-workers in the medical field think it is a great idea because many of them are facing the same piles of debt. They often say if they could do it all again, they would do the same thing.
There’s a stigma (耻辱) that comes along with this arrangement. Some people might think that we are too lazy to find a job. I don’t think my neighbours understand it, as they continually ask me when I am going to graduate and if I am old enough to look after their children. My mum just tells them that I’m successful, well educated and that I save lives.
( )1.What did the author once dream to do before
A.Take care of her parents.
B.Have her own beautiful house.
C.Make her parents pay for her living.
D.Live with her parents after graduation.
( )2.Why did the author decide to live with her parents
A.She missed them very much.
B.She couldn’t cook by herself.
C.She needed to repay a huge debt.
D.She was not ready to support herself.
( )3.What is the author’s co-workers’ attitude towards her living with her parents
A.Critical. B.Approving.
C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested.
( )4.Why do the author’s neighbours often ask her to look after their kids
A.She is a helpful lady.
B.She is popular with kids.
C.They don’t think she has a job.
D.They know she is well educated.
B
Paying off student loans can be challenging and stressful. It may mean starting out on one’s life with debts. This is exactly what college basketball star Anthony Leal did not want for his beloved sister.
Anthony Leal, smart and athletic, is a business major at Indiana University and plays as a point guard for the Indiana Hoosiers. When he found out that his sister had a huge quantity of student loans to pay, he thought of taking advantage of the benefits he could get from playing basketball. In 2021, NCAA allowed college athletes like Leal to earn promotional money through photograph signing, social media interactions, advertising campaigns, and even teaching camps and lessons. Thanks to it, Leal was able to save money and helped take off the burden on his sister’s shoulders.
On Christmas Day, he surprised his sister Lauren by letting her know what he’s been up to in the past two years. Lauren was very emotional after reading her brother’s heart-warming note. “There is no doubt that I have made it to where I am today because of you,” Leal wrote. “Someone like you deserves no burdens or restrictions in life, and I feel that the best way to help with that is by paying off your student loan debt.” Besides looking back on several precious moments in their childhood, Leal also mentioned in the note that he didn’t expect his sister to pay back the money. Instead, he hoped she would pay it forward.
Lauren was grateful for her brother’s huge efforts to pay off her student loans. “After those things were done, I was going to sit down and get a settled plan,” said Lauren. “I can go full steam ahead in my future and do what I want to accomplish, without having that just weighing me down and holding me back. So it’s just incredible,” she said.
( )5.How did Leal help his sister pay off the loans
A.By winning scholarships.
B.By turning to his team.
C.By joining in commercial activities.
D.By reducing daily expenses.
( )6.What did Leal expect Lauren to do
A.To enjoy absolute freedom.
B.To realize childhood dreams.
C.To show kindness to others.
D.To pay back the money later.
( )7.How did Lauren feel with her debts paid off
A.Hopeful and concerned.
B.Free and excited.
C.Relieved but nervous.
D.Pleased but anxious.
( )8.What’s the best title of the text
A.A surprising Christmas gift
B.A targeted student loan
C.A challenging university life
D.A talented basketball player
●Ⅴ 语法填空
[2024·安徽芜湖一中高一期中]
Many people take the idea of saving money very seriously. Back in 1924, in Italy, a group of people 1. (think) the inability to resist spending became a major social problem. They had the idea of 2. (start) a day to remind people to put away some money for a rainy day. This is how World Saving Day, Oct. 31st annually, was started, and it’s still going strong now.
Not 3. (surprise), a movement targeting the poor was started. People in the 4. (underdevelop) world are more open to calls to be careful with money. But 5. idea of being thrifty (节俭的) has also become popular among the rich. Take Mark Zuckerberg 6. example. The Facebook founder, one of the world’s 7. (rich) people, doesn’t spend very much money on himself.
Other people don’t spend money because they don’t like the culture of consumption. This is connected to the view that we should make ourselves happy through 8. (activity) we take part in, rather than with what we buy.
But however we view money, moderate spending is certainly a good idea when we are still too young to get a job. There is a British saying 9. offers some good advice in this situation: “Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after 10. (they).” (共76张PPT)
Period One
Listening and Speaking
主题语境——人与社会之文学、艺术与体育
［导读］不同的人对金钱有不同的态度。金钱对我们所有人来
说都是必要的,但它并不是我们的全部。
On money
Different people have different attitudes towards money.
For example, some of the rich are very mean with money,
while some of them are quite generous. Some people lack
money but they are not absorbed in the pursuit of wealth, while
some people regard money as everything.
As far as I am concerned, money is necessary for all of us,
but it is not all for us.
For one thing, money is necessary for all of us. In modern
society, money is one of the tools for measuring the value and
can be used to exchange materials. All materials we need for
our basic existence are all about money. Without money, our
existence will be threatened and we cannot find our way to live.
Therefore, all of us need to earn money to afford our basic
needs, such as food, clothes and houses.
For another, money is not all for us. Though money can
be used to exchange materials for our basic needs, it is not
almighty. For example, we cannot use money to buy real love
or happiness. Hence, just as Francis Bacon said, “Money is a
good servant and a bad master.” We cannot be controlled
by money so that we will not be a pathetic slave of money.
In short, we need money but we should not regard money
as our only purpose. Only by holding this attitude can we
use our money properly.
【主题词句背诵】
1.an attitude towards 对……的态度
2.be mean with 对……吝啬
3.be absorbed in 沉迷于……
4.as far as I am concerned 就我而言
5.Different people have different attitudes towards money. For
example, some of the rich are very mean with money, while
some of them are quite generous. 不同的人对金钱持有不同的态度。例如,一些富人对钱很吝啬,而另一些富人却很慷慨。
6.Though money can be used to exchange materials for our
basic needs, it is not almighty.
虽然钱可以用来交换材料来满足我们的基本需求,但它不是万能的。
7.Hence, just as Francis Bacon said, “Money is a good servant
and a bad master.”
因此，正如弗朗西斯·培根所说：“金钱是善仆，也是恶主。”
8.We cannot be controlled by money so that we will not be a
pathetic slave of money. 我们不能被钱控制,这样我们才不会成为
它可怜的奴隶。
9.Only by holding this attitude can we use our money properly.
只有持这种态度,我们才能恰当地使用钱。
语言知识梳理
练习册
1.basis n. (the important facts, ideas, etc. from which something
is developed)基础;基点;基准;根据
(教材P50)Is money the basis of a happy life
钱是幸福生活的基础吗
(1)on the basis of… 根据……;基于……;以……为基础
on a regular basis(=regularly)定期地; 经常地
lay the basis for… 为……打基础
(2)basic adj. 基础的
basically adv. 基本上,大体上;总的说来,从根本上说
(3)base n. (某物的)底部; 基础
v. 以……为基础
base…on/upon 以……为基础/根据
【佳句背诵】
The story tells us that we shouldn't judge a person on the
basis of appearance.
这个故事告诉我们，不要以貌取人。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] A new exhibition in Halifax uses
everyday activities to explain the hidden maths principles we all
use ____ a regular basis.
on
②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] So, what are they learning _________
(basic), how to describe a panda's life.
Basically
③More than 2,000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created
this overall framework to mark the annual passage of time
_______ (base) on observations of the sun's movement.
based
◆完成句子
④[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷应用文写作] My suggestion is to group
students _______________________________________________ or
to let students choose their own partners.
我的建议是根据学生的语言能力对他们进行分组，或者让学生自己
选择搭档。
on the basis of /based on their language abilities
⑤Additionally, I strongly recommend that you (should)
_________________________________________________________，
which is an ideal way to relieve stress.(应用文写作之建议信)
此外，我强烈建议你定期锻炼身体，这是缓解压力的理想方式。
work out on a regular basis/take exercise on a regular basis
2.loan n. 贷款;借款 vt. (to lend)借出;借给
(教材P50)Chen spent all her savings and took out a large loan.
陈花完了她所有的积蓄还贷了一大笔款。
(1) apply for a loan 申请贷款
take out a loan 取得贷款
repay one's loan 偿还某人的贷款
on loan 借出
(2)loan sb sth (=loan sth to sb) 借给某人某物
loan out 出借
【佳句背诵】
You'd better repay your loan on time, as late repayments may
affect your credit.
你最好按时还贷,因为逾期还款可能影响你的信誉。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The couple loved their paintings, hanging them around the
house and ________ (loan) them to museums to be exhibited.
②Works of art ________ (loan) for a specific exhibition typically
are kept for about three months.
loaning
loaned
③[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] They talk to the flood of international
tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often come to
check on the pandas, which are ____ loan from China.
on
◆完成句子
④To buy a new apartment, I have to ________________ of
1,000,000 yuan from the bank, which will take me 30 years to
pay off.
为了买一套新公寓,我不得不向银行贷款100万元,这需要我30年才能
还清。
take out a loan
⑤I ran out of money before payday, so my father ___________
___________________________________ to tide me over.
在发薪日之前我把钱用光了, 因此父亲借给我2000元帮我渡过难关。
loaned me 2,000 yuan/loaned 2,000 yuan to me
3.apologise vi. (to say that you are sorry for doing sth wrong
or causing a problem)道歉
(教材P50)Wang Zheng apologised to Chen because he couldn't
offer her more money.
王正向陈道歉,因为他不能为她提供更多的钱。
(1)apologise to sb for (doing) sth
因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologise to sb that… 向某人道歉……
(2)apology n. 道歉;歉意
make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉
owe sb an apology (for sth) (因某事)应向某人道歉
accept/refuse an/one's apology 接受/拒绝道歉/某人的道歉
【佳句背诵】
Please accept my apology for any trouble my mistake has
caused you.
对于我的失误给你造成的任何麻烦,请接受我的道歉。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2021·全国甲卷] I come to you, hat in hand, to apologise
____ the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to
reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.
for
②A heartfelt _________ (apologise) can not only heal a
damaged relationship but also make it stronger.
③____________ (apologise) to others does not necessarily mean
lowering yourself but acknowledging your mistakes sincerely.
apology
Apologising
◆完成句子
④I'm writing you this letter _________________________________
_____________ pay a visit to Beijing with you next week.
我给你写这封信是为下周不能和你一起游览北京而向你道歉。
(应用文写作之道歉信)
to apologise to you for my not being able to
⑤With her eyes fixed on the floor, Liya came over and
_________________________， “You mean a lot to us.”
(读后续写之动作描写)
莉亚眼睛盯着地板，走过来低声道歉，“你对我们来说很重要。”
apologised in a low voice
4.ignore vt. (to intentionally not listen or give attention to)不理
睬;忽视
(教材P50)Also, while listening, don't ignore the speakers' tone
and intonation—these can be important clues, too. 而且,在听的时候,不要忽视说话者的语气和语调——这些也可能是重要的线索。
(1)ignore one's advice/mistakes 忽视某人的建议/过错
(2)ignorance n. 无知;愚昧
in ignorance of sth 不知道某事
(3)ignorant adj. 无知的;愚昧的
be ignorant about/of sth 对某事一无所知
【佳句背诵】
Despite the great convenience smartphones have brought to
people's life, their side effects can't be ignored.
尽管智能手机给人们的生活带来了很大的便捷,但其负面影响不容忽视。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The __________ (ignore) of protecting the environment would
result in a lot of severe consequences.
②He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to
actual work, he seems to be quite _________ (ignore).
ignorance
ignorant
③Nowadays, many young people get addicted to playing their
cellphones wherever they are, completely _________ (ignore)
their friends around.
ignoring
◆完成句子
④[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写]
“__________________________________________________ and I
believe you could make it！” Upon hearing my words，David
beamed a big smile，stood up and moved towards the starting
line.
“不要在意其他队的队员怎么说，我相信你能做到！”听到我的话，戴
维笑容满面，站起来朝起跑线走去。
Ignore what the players from other teams would say
⑤The foreign student from Italy ______________________
Chinese culture before coming to China.
在来到中国之前,那个意大利留学生对中国文化一无所知。
was ignorant of/about
5.in return 作为回报;作为回应
(教材P51)When we help someone, should we expect to get
something in return 当我们帮助某人时,我们应该期望得到回报吗
in return for… 作为……的回报
in turn 依次，轮流，逐个;转而;相应地
by turns 轮流;时而……时而……
【活学活用】
◆用turn/return相关短语填空
①[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] I post my work on social media and,
________， have met some of the kindest people.
②Mrs Bennet was quite nervous at the news. She looked out of
the window, and fixed her attention on the clock _________.
③_____________ their hospitality, Mr and Mrs Brown decided to
hold a party to treat their neighbours.
in turn
by turns
In return for
④While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever
he had with the villagers without asking for anything _________.
in return
◆完成句子
⑤When I greeted the foreign visitors with “Hello”, they
________________________________.
当我用“Hello”向外国游客们打招呼的时候, 他们回报我以甜甜的微笑。
gave me a sweet smile in return
⑥I deeply appreciate your help and I hope to have the
opportunity to show you around Beijing ______________________
________.我非常感谢你的帮助,并且我希望有机会带你参观北京以报
答你的好意。(应用文写作之感谢信)
in return for your kindness
6.judge n.法官;审判员;裁判员 vt. & vi. (to form an opinion
about something after considering all the details or facts)判断;评
价;评判
(教材P51)Should we judge people based on how much money
they have 我们应该根据人们拥有多少钱来评判他们吗
(1)judge sb/sth from/by… 以……来判断……
be judged to be/as 被判定为
as far as I can judge 据我判断;我认为
(2)judging by/from… 从……上看;根据……判断(作状语)
(3)judgement n. 判断;审判;判断力
［温馨提示］judging from/by…置于句首作状语时, v.-ing形式不受
主语的影响,构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有:generally
speaking一般来说;frankly speaking坦白地说;considering…考虑
到……。
【佳句背诵】
As a judge, he has good judgement and never judges a
person by his or her appearance. 作为一名法官,他有很好的判断
力,且从不以貌取人。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we
do, and can make ____________ (judge) based on information.
②As students differ from each other in many aspects, they
should never ___________ (judge) by their scores.
③_________ (judge) from what he said just now, he was quite
disappointed at the result of the game.
judgements
be judged
Judging
◆完成句子
④As far as I can judge, ____________________________________
___________， for true beauty comes from the inside.我认为永
远不要以貌取人，因为真正的美来自内在。(读后续写之主旨升华)
never judge people from/by their appearances
⑤_______________________________， you are about to take
part in the Chinese Bridge Competition and I am writing with
the intention of informing you of some dos and don'ts.从你上封
信来看，你即将参加汉语桥比赛，我写信的目的是告诉你一些注意
事项。(应用文写作之告知信)
Judging by/from your last letter
(教材P50) Also, while listening, don't ignore the speakers'
tone and intonation—these can be important clues, too. 而且,
在听的时候,不要忽视说话者的语气和语调——这些也可能是重要的
线索。
句型公式
状语从句的省略
【句式点拨】
句中while listening相当于while you are listening。当when, while,
unless, as if等引导状语从句时,若从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主
语是it,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,
构成“连词+v.-ing/v.-ed/adj./n.…”形式的省略结构。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①When ______ (take) according to the instructions, the drug
has the least side effects.
②They were surprised by her openness when _______ (talk)
about her private life.
③If __________ (translate) word by word, the passage will be
difficult to understand.
taken
talking
translated
◆完成句子/句式改写
④He drinks coffee while ______________________ at 5:30 am
every morning to start a new day.
每天早上五点半,他一边看报纸,一边喝咖啡,开启新的一天。
reading the newspaper
⑤When the museum is completed, it will be open to the public
next year.
→_________________， the museum will be open to the public
next year. (用省略句改写)
When completed
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The first year provides students with a sound theoretical
______ (基础) for later study.
basis
2.She's trying to get a $50,000 _____ (贷款) to start her own
business.
loan
3.They ___________ (道歉) and said they would make less noise
from then on.
apologised
1
2
3
4
5
6
4.This issue was of such importance that we could not afford to
_______ (忽视) it.
ignore
5.They will not be ________ (判断) by the colour of their skin
but by the content of their character.
judged
6.If _______ (塑料)and rubber are burnt, they'll give off
poisonous gases.
plastic
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅱ 单句填空
1.He is demanding a full _________ (apologise) from the
newspaper for not telling people the truth about his personal
life.
apology
2.His _________ (ignorance) behaviour at the dinner table
caused much embarrassment.
ignorant
3.She showed a lack of ___________ (judge) when she gave
Mark the job.
judgement
4.It was a very tough season because we were up against some
very ____________ (determine) competitors, but we had a very
strong will to win.
determined
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5.Luckily, my coach taught me how to relax my muscles and
focus on peace of mind while ___________ (perform) the routine.
performing
6.Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily ______ (base).
basis
7.After two years in Spain, Kate spoke Spanish _________
(perfect).
perfectly
8.Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the ______ (luck) ones who only
suffered minor injuries.
lucky
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅲ 短语填空
1.In order to keep fit, I work out __________________ (定期地)
unless I'm too busy.
on a regular basis
2.We ________________ (取得贷款) to buy a new car last year.
took out a loan
3.________________ (由……判断) his excited look, he has found
the key to solving the difficult problem.
Judging from/by
4.She is always ready to help others and asking for nothing
_________ (作为回报).
in return
1
2
3
4
5
6
5.They decided to settle down in the countryside so that they
could ________________ (过平静的生活).
lead a quiet life
6.______________ (说实话,坦率地说), I am not the person
deserving the honour; it should be given to whoever has made
the greatest contribution.
To be honest
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅳ 阅读理解
A
I always pictured myself graduating from college, getting a
cool job and even having a cute little place of my own. So far,
I have a master's degree and the coolest job ever as a
physician assistant. But instead of waking up in a pretty
apartment, I hear the early morning sound of my parents
making coffee downstairs. At 27, I still live with my parents, and
I love it.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
As a physician assistant, I make a good salary and would
be able to live on my own comfortably if I needed to do so.
By the time I finished graduate school, I had had a $150,000
debt from both undergraduate and graduate education. My
father calculated that my loans were increasing by $15 a day in
interest (利息) alone. At this rate, it would take me 30 years to
pay off my student loans. At last, I decided to live with my
parents.
Several of my physician assistant friends are in the same
boat as I am—we are all highly educated, white-collar
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
employees who live at home. Our co-workers in the medical
field think it is a great idea because many of them are facing
the same piles of debt. They often say if they could do it all
again, they would do the same thing.
There's a stigma (耻辱) that comes along with this
arrangement. Some people might think that we are too lazy to
find a job. I don't think my neighbours understand it, as they
continually ask me when I am going to graduate and if I am
old enough to look after their children. My mum just tells them
that I'm successful, well educated and that I save lives.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。作者在硕士毕业后因为要偿还学费
债务而选择和父母一起居住来省钱,有些人能理解她,有些人则不能。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 1.What did the author once dream to do before
A.Take care of her parents.
B.Have her own beautiful house.
C.Make her parents pay for her living.
D.Live with her parents after graduation.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“I always pictured myself
graduating from college, getting a cool job and even having a
cute little place of my own.”可知,作者曾经的设想是大学毕业之后
自己有个漂亮的小房子。故选B。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 2.Why did the author decide to live with her parents
A.She missed them very much.
B.She couldn't cook by herself.
C.She needed to repay a huge debt.
D.She was not ready to support herself.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“By the time I finished graduate
school, I had had a $150,000 debt from both undergraduate
and graduate education…At this rate,it would take me 30 years
to pay off my student loans. At last, I decided to live with my
parents.”可知,作者研究生毕业的时候欠了15万美元的债务,可能需要
30年才能还清。最后作者决定和父母一起生活。由此可知,作者与父
母一起生活是为了省钱偿还债务。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 3.What is the author's co-workers' attitude towards her
living with her parents
A.Critical. B.Approving. C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段“Our co-workers in the medical
field think it is a great idea because many of them are facing
the same piles of debt.”可知,作者的同事认为和父母一起住在家里
是个好事,因为他们大多数也面临着同样沉重的债务。由此可知,同事
对于作者与父母一起住这件事是赞同的。故选B。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 4.Why do the author's neighbours often ask her to look
after their kids
A.She is a helpful lady.
B.She is popular with kids.
C.They don't think she has a job.
D.They know she is well educated.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Some people might think that
we are too lazy to find a job. I don't think my neighbours
understand it, as they continually ask me when I am going to
graduate and if I am old enough to look after their children.”可
推知,邻居总是让作者帮忙照顾孩子是因为他们认为作者没有工作。
故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
B
Paying off student loans can be challenging and stressful. It
may mean starting out on one's life with debts. This is exactly
what college basketball star Anthony Leal did not want for his
beloved sister.
Anthony Leal, smart and athletic, is a business major at
Indiana University and plays as a point guard for the Indiana
Hoosiers. When he found out that his sister had a huge
quantity of student loans to pay, he thought of taking
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
advantage of the benefits he could get from playing basketball.
In 2021, NCAA allowed college athletes like Leal to earn
promotional money through photograph signing, social media
interactions, advertising campaigns, and even teaching camps
and lessons. Thanks to it, Leal was able to save money and
helped take off the burden on his sister's shoulders.
On Christmas Day, he surprised his sister Lauren by letting
her know what he's been up to in the past two years. Lauren
was very emotional after reading her brother's heart-warming
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
note. “There is no doubt that I have made it to where I am
today because of you,” Leal wrote. “Someone like you deserves
no burdens or restrictions in life, and I feel that the best way
to help with that is by paying off your student loan debt.”
Besides looking back on several precious moments in their
childhood, Leal also mentioned in the note that he didn't expect
his sister to pay back the money. Instead, he hoped she would
pay it forward.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Lauren was grateful for her brother's huge efforts to pay
off her student loans. “After those things were done, I was
going to sit down and get a settled plan,” said Lauren. “I can
go full steam ahead in my future and do what I want to
accomplish, without having that just weighing me down and
holding me back. So it's just incredible,” she said.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Leal帮助妹妹Lauren
偿还学生贷款的故事。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 5.How did Leal help his sister pay off the loans
A.By winning scholarships.
B.By turning to his team.
C.By joining in commercial activities.
D.By reducing daily expenses.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“In 2021, NCAA allowed
college athletes like Leal to earn promotional money through
photograph signing, social media interactions, advertising
campaigns, and even teaching camps and lessons. Thanks to it,
Leal was able to save money and helped take off the burden
on his sister's shoulders.”可知,Leal通过参加商业活动帮助他的妹妹
还清学生贷款。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 6.What did Leal expect Lauren to do
A.To enjoy absolute freedom.
B.To realize childhood dreams.
C.To show kindness to others.
D.To pay back the money later.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Besides looking back on
several precious moments in their childhood, Leal also
mentioned in the note that he didn't expect his sister to pay
back the money. Instead, he hoped she would pay it forward.”
可知,Leal希望妹妹将爱心传递下去。故选C。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 7.How did Lauren feel with her debts paid off
A.Hopeful and concerned. B.Free and excited.
C.Relieved but nervous. D.Pleased but anxious.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“I can go full steam
ahead in my future and do what I want to accomplish, without
having that just weighing me down and holding me back. So
it's just incredible…”可知,Lauren的贷款还完后，她感到自由和兴奋。
故选B。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 8.What's the best title of the text
A.A surprising Christmas gift B.A targeted student loan
C.A challenging university life D.A talented basketball player
[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据文章第三段中的“On
Christmas Day, he surprised his sister Lauren by letting her
know what he's been up to in the past two years.”以及
“Someone like you deserves no burdens or restrictions in life,
and I feel that the best way to help with that is by paying off
your student loan debt.”可知,本文讲述了Leal帮助妹妹Lauren偿还
了学生贷款并将这个消息在圣诞节时告诉妹妹。A项“一份惊喜的圣
诞礼物”符合文章主题,故选A。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅴ 语法填空
[2024·安徽芜湖一中高一期中]
Many people take the idea of saving money very seriously.
Back in 1924, in Italy, a group of people 1._________(think) the
inability to resist spending became a major social problem. They
had the idea of 2.________ (start) a day to remind people to
put away some money for a rainy day. This is how World
Saving Day, Oct. 31st annually, was started, and it's still going
strong now.
thought
starting
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Not 3.___________(surprise), a movement targeting the poor
was started. People in the 4.________________(underdevelop)
world are more open to calls to be careful with money. But
5.____ idea of being thrifty (节俭的) has also become popular
among the rich. Take Mark Zuckerberg 6.____ example. The
Facebook founder, one of the world's 7._______(rich) people,
doesn't spend very much money on himself.
Other people don't spend money because they don't like
the culture of consumption. This is connected to the view that
surprisingly
underdeveloped
the
for
richest
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
we should make ourselves happy through 8._________(activity)
we take part in, rather than with what we buy.
But however we view money, moderate spending is certainly
a good idea when we are still too young to get a job. There is
a British saying 9.___________ offers some good advice in this
situation: “Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after
10.___________(they).”
activities
that/which
themselves
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了如今人们对金钱的看
法。许多人认真地存钱，节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。作者建
议人们在太小没法找工作时适度消费。
1._________
thought
[解析] 考查时态。根据时间状语back in 1924可知，句子是描述过
去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填thought。
2.________
starting
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填
starting。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.___________
surprisingly
[解析] 考查副词。空处位于句首，作状语，应用副词形式。故填
surprisingly。
4.________________
underdeveloped
[解析] 考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语，修饰名词world。
underdeveloped意为“不发达的”。故填underdeveloped。
5.____
the
[解析] 考查冠词。根据of being thrifty可知，此处表示特指，应用
定冠词。故填the。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.____
for
[解析] 考查介词。take…for example是固定用法，“以……为例”。故
填for。
7._______
richest
[解析] 考查形容词最高级。结合the world's可知，此处指“世界上最
富有的人之一”，用形容词最高级。故填richest。
8._________
activities
[解析] 考查名词复数。activity是可数名词，其前无限定词，结合语
境可知，应用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.___________
that/which
[解析] 考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词是a British saying，
关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填
that/which。
10.___________
themselves
[解析] 考查反身代词。空处作宾语，宾语和主语pounds是同一对象，
应用反身代词。故填themselves。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
