Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
【课前自主探究】
Task 1: Fast Reading
●Ⅰ Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize and how she and her team found artemisinin
●Ⅱ 1.the discovery 2.research 3.honour
Task 2: Careful Reading
1—4 BDCA
Task 3: Micro-writing
1.whose 2.a 3.committed 4.graduated
5.objective 6.among 7.using 8.obtained
9.apparently 10.themselvesUnit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
Ⅰ.1.物质 2.私人财产 3.植物的
Ⅱ.1.crucial/vital 2.objective 3.committed
4.acknowledged 5.mostly 6.distinct 7.defeat
8.obtain 9.academic 10.analyse
Ⅲ.1.be awarded to 2.is crucial to 3.graduated from
4.treatments for 5.fight against 6.by chance/by accident 7.insisted on 8.drew out
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了南丁格尔作为世界著名护士的故事,以及她为了成为护士克服家庭阻力、奉献自己一生的伟大事迹。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She’s still pictured today as she was in the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that is how she earned herself the title of ‘The Lady With The Lamp’.”可知,南丁格尔被称为“提灯女士”是因为她在夜间提着灯不知疲倦地照顾伤者。故选D项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段“They were super-wealthy, and actually cared about the education of their two daughters.”可知,南丁格尔的父亲非常重视女儿的教育。故选C项。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第二段“Born on May 12th, 1820…”、第三段“On February 5, 1837…”、第四段“Aged 29…”以及“In 1853…”可知,文章按照时间顺序介绍了南丁格尔的成长历程以及她成为护士的过程。故选C项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段“Chances are you will give me the name of Florence Nightingale, the wealthy woman who gave off everything to serve the needy people of her time and become a nurse. She’s still pictured today as she was in the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that is how she earned herself the title of ‘The Lady With The Lamp’.”、倒数第二段“Florence over the next 12—13 years tried convincing her parents, but they didn’t give in.”和最后一段“Aged 29, she even refused suitors (求婚者) to focus on her nursing career which at that time was non-existent.”可知,南丁格尔是无私的并且决心坚定的。故选A项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何克服自己的情绪障碍,学会从失败中吸取经验和教训,从而获得进步给出了一些建议。
1.C 根据第一段中“…‘you learn from your mistakes’. Is this actually true ”和第二段中“The short answer is ‘yes’.”可知,人们是可以从错误和失败中学习的,选项C“Failure can be a teachable moment”(失败可以是一个受教育的时刻)表达了这层含义,对前文进行了总结,承接上文,符合语境。故选C。
2.G 根据上一句“In his opinion, most of us want to think of ourselves as capable.”可知,选项G“So what failure causes is a serious threat to our self-image”(所以失败造成的是对我们自我形象的严重威胁)进一步说明了失败破坏了人们有能力的形象,使自我形象受到了严重的威胁,同时也是对人们失败后所产生的情绪化反应的解释,衔接合理,与本段主题相符。故选G。
3.E 根据上一句“Fortunately there are strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers.”可知,选项E“One of them is to adopt a third-person view”(其中之一就是采用第三人称视角)中的 them 指代上一句中的 strategies,指出了其中一个策略的内容,承接上文;结合下文“Instead of asking ‘Why did I fail ’, we could ask ‘Why did Sam fail ’, for example.”可知,下一句是对选项E的举例说明。故选E。
4.F 第三段主要介绍了帮助人们克服情绪障碍的一个策略,选项F“Next, offer advice to others in the same position as us”(其次,给和我们处境相同的人提建议)在第四段给出了第二个策略,就是基于自己失败的经历,给同样失败的人提出建议;下一句“This led to better levels of motivation and academic success in the test groups—involving both adults and children—that were asked to give advice based on their own failures.”中的 this 指代选项F的内容,指出了给别人提出建议的策略所产生的效果,符合语义和语境。故选F。
5.D 根据下文“…but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to navigate (驾驭).”可知,选项D“Failure is an unavoidable part of life”(失败是生活中不可避免的一部分)指出失败不可避免,但是如果通过学习如何克服情绪障碍,学会从失败中学习,就会更容易获得成功,由此可知,选项D与下文语义衔接合理,呼应文章主题。故选D。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了出生时患有罕见病的励志少年Benjamin Lou,他克服各种挑战进入麻省理工学院,成为一名计算机科学家,他还是残疾人权利的热情倡导者。
1.called 考查非谓语动词。动词call和 genetic disorder 之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语,故填called。
2.completely 考查副词。空处应填副词形式,修饰 paralyzed,故填completely。
3.challenges 考查名词复数。challenge是可数名词,由空前的 these 可知应用复数形式,故填challenges。
4.where 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Massachusetts Institute of Technology,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导,故填where。
5.has become 考查时态和主谓一致。根据 by now 可知句子用现在完成时,主语表示单数意义,故填has become。
6.awareness 考查名词。空处应填名词作动词 raise 的宾语,awareness“意识”是不可数名词,故填awareness。
7.developing 考查非谓语动词。work on doing sth“致力于做某事”,故此处应用动名词形式,故填developing。
8.to 考查固定短语。in addition to“除了”是固定短语,故填to。
9.to accept 考查非谓语动词。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”,故此处应用动词不定式,故填to accept。
10.a 考查冠词。society“社会”在此处用作可数名词,表示泛指,应用不定冠词,more首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Tu Youyou, controversial
“Mother of Artemisinin”
Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment for malaria. This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within China.
Tu shared the prize with Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan, who were honoured for their revolutionary anti-roundworm treatment. 84-year-old Tu was awarded this prize for her contribution to cutting the death rate of malaria, reducing patients’ suffering and promoting mankind’s health. Although she received several medical awards in the past, the 2015 Nobel Prize is definitely the most privileged reward that recognizes Tu’s dedication and perseverance in discovering artemisinin, the key drug that battles malaria-friendly parasites(寄生虫).
However, her route to the honour has been anything but traditional. She won the Nobel Prize in medicine, but she doesn’t have a medical degree or a PhD.In China, she is even being called the “three-noes” winner: no academician title, no doctorate, and she’s never worked overseas. No wonder her success has stirred China’s national pride and helped promote confidence of native Chinese scientists.
The fact that Tu has none of these three backgrounds reminds us that science should be more accessible to all. One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research. There have been discussions on people who really love science but are never able to achieve much during their whole life. Their contributions can never be ignored. They work so hard to prove the wrong way so that the future researchers will be closer to the right one.
As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize winner of natural science award, Tu’s record-breaking winning also serves as a reminder to those who are too eager for instant success. Science is never about instant success. Tu spent decades on scientific research before its value is officially acknowledged. There is no way to measure how much one devotes to science and compare it with how much reward he or she may get.
【主题词句背诵】
1.win the Nobel Prize 获诺贝尔奖
2.concerning prep. 关于
3.contribution to 对……的贡献/捐助
4.cut the death rate of降低……的死亡率
5.anything but根本不;远非
6.be accessible to可使用的,可接近的
7.One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research.
一个人无论来自什么样的背景,只要他/她潜心从事科学研究,就能够成为科学家。
8.There is no way to measure how much one devotes to science and compare it with how much reward he or she may get.
没有办法衡量一个人对科学的贡献程度,并将其与他/她可能获得多少回报进行比较。
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
Task 1: Fast Reading
●Ⅰ The main idea is that .
●Ⅱ Text Structure Analysing
Task 2: Careful Reading
( )1.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015 because she .
A.found the cause for malaria
B.discovered artemisinin
C.kept the world peace
D.made people live longer
( )2.Why did the Chinese government form a team of scientists in 1967
A.To train more doctors for the countryside.
B.To help the homeless.
C.To help African countries to fight against malaria.
D.To discover a new treatment for malaria.
( )3.What gave Tu Youyou inspiration in her research
A.Her colleagues.
B.A world-famous expert in malaria.
C.One sentence in one medical text.
D.An old Chinese doctor.
( )4.Which adjectives can best describe Tu Youyou
A.Committed and patient.
B.Caring and generous.
C.Elegant and determined.
D.Kind and brave.
Task 3: Micro-writing
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou in 2015, 1. research led to the discovery of artemisinin, 2. crucial new treatment for malaria.
Tu Youyou, a 3. (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and 4. (graduate) from Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the 5. (object) of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was 6. the first researchers chosen. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. One medical text from the fourth century suggested 7. (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid 8. (obtain) from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. She then concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood 9. (apparent)destroyed its medical properties.
After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on 10. (they) to make sure that it was safe. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.” Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
●Ⅰ 品句识词(写出黑体词或词块的汉语意思)
(每小题1分,满分3分)
1.Caffeine, a substance found in coffee and some soft drinks, is also a drug.
2.It is believed that seals came out when our ancestors had private property.
3.During the expedition, the team collected several botanical samples for further research and analysis.
●Ⅱ 单词拼写(每小题1分,满分10分)
1.As is known to all, talent and hard work are both (至关重要的) to career success.
2.It is necessary for us to have a(n) (客观的) attitude towards life.
3.The (尽责的) teacher stayed after school to help students who were struggling with their assignments.
4.Only if you make efforts to fulfill the task can you be (承认) to be excellent.
5.The waiter handed me a menu, but it was (主要地) written in Chinese, whose characters were completely beyond my comprehension.
6.The two paintings have (有区别的)styles. One is full of bold and vivid colours, while the other features soft and delicate colours.
7.So long as we (击败) the other team, we’ll become the champion.
8.New students will (获得) their library membership when registering for college.
9.Parents often worry about their children’s (学业的) performance and how it will affect their future opportunities.
10.The team are working hard to (分析) the problem so that they can find the best solution.
●Ⅲ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分16分)
1.The gold medal will (被授予) whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.
2.Clean air (对……至关重要) the survival of humans, plants and animals.
3.After they (从……毕业) college, they determined to cycle along the entire Mekong River.
4.The technology promises to speed the development of new (对……的治疗) a whole range of diseases.
5.Our school carried out an activity to (与……做斗争) white pollution and develop a green community yesterday.
6.Several years after they’d split up they met again (偶然地) in Paris.
7.Despite my attempts to get him to call me by my Christian name, he (坚持) addressing me as “Mr Kennedy”.
8.Last week, she (提取,取出)the money from her savings account to pay for the unexpected expenses.
●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分)
[2025·湖北楚天协作体高二期中考试]
Suppose I were to ask you to name some of the greatest nurses that the world has ever known. Chances are you will give me the name of Florence Nightingale, the wealthy woman who gave off everything to serve the needy people of her time and become a nurse. She’s still pictured today as she was in the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that is how she earned herself the title of “The Lady With The Lamp”.
Born on May 12th, 1820, she was a genius who spoke multiple languages and pioneered the concepts of statistical analysis that are still used today. Her parents were different, too. They were super-wealthy, and actually cared about the education of their two daughters. This came as a surprise because at that time, being born with two X chromosomes (染色体) was the high road to a life full of knitting and taking care of a household, but her father was really dedicated to his two daughters. Education for women at that time was still at its earliest but Florence got the best education possible.
On February 5, 1837, the teenage Florence declared that she had had a vision and God had commanded her to end suffering in this world and this is when she joined nursing. Both of her parents disagreed with that, considering that at that time nursing was looked down upon. Florence over the next 12—13 years tried convincing her parents, but they didn’t give in.
Aged 29, she even refused suitors (求婚者) to focus on her nursing career which at that time was non-existent. When Florence turned 30, her dad was completely worn out from resisting and then sent her to Germany for nursing training. In 1853 her dream was completely realized and she undertook a job in London at a hospital.
( )1.Why was Nightingale called “The Lady With The Lamp”
A.She was the greatest nurse in the world.
B.She attended the Crimean War in 1853.
C.She took a lamp to take better pictures.
D.She tirelessly cared for the wounded carrying a lamp.
( )2.What can be inferred about Nightingale’s father according to Paragraph 2
A.He was strict with his two daughters.
B.He believed women should stay at home.
C.He placed a high value on education.
D.He objected to his daughter’s becoming a nurse.
( )3.How is the passage developed
A.By making comparisons.
B.By listing reasons.
C.By following time order.
D.By listing examples.
( )4.Which of the following can best describe Nightingale
A.Selfless and determined.
B.Caring and mean.
C.Serious and stubborn.
D.Optimistic and knowledgeable.
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·安徽合肥六校联盟高二期中联考]
As the saying goes, failure is the mother of success. Many of us were told from an early age that, at school or in life, “you learn from your mistakes”. Is this actually true
The short answer is “yes”. 1. . Because we would not like to fail, learning from our mistakes is, in reality, very hard. It doesn’t feel good. So we react to failure in emotional ways, like giving up on a task easily, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding fault with the task itself. This is self-protective, according to Hallgeir Sjastad, a psychology professor. In his opinion, most of us want to think of ourselves as capable. 2. .
Fortunately there are strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers. 3. . Instead of asking “Why did I fail ”, we could ask “Why did Sam fail ”, for example. Multiple studies show this way helps to soften our negative emotional reactions. Also it allows us to look at failure more objectively.
4. . This led to better levels of motivation and academic success in the test groups—involving both adults and children—that were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professor Eskreis-Winkler found that the satisfaction of helping others “forces people to engage with their experience and what they have learned”.
The writer Samuel Beckett once said, “Fail again, fail better.” But it now seems that we should say “fail again, fail smarter”. 5. , but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to navigate (驾驭).
A.Everyone needs success
B.Hard work leads to success
C.Failure can be a teachable moment
D.Failure is an unavoidable part of life
E.One of them is to adopt a third-person view
F.Next, offer advice to others in the same position as us
G.So what failure causes is a serious threat to our self-image
●Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·河北保定六校高二期中]
Benjamin Lou is a computer scientist and advocate who was born with a rare genetic disorder 1. (call) spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which affects the muscles used for moving the body. At the age of one, he became 2. (complete) paralyzed (瘫痪) from the chest down, making it difficult for him to breathe, feed himself, or move around without assistance. Despite these 3. (challenge), Benjamin beat the odds and entered Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 4. he earned a degree in computer science and artificial intelligence.
By now, Benjamin 5. (become) an inspirational figure for individuals with disabilities, using his experiences to raise 6. (aware) of the importance of accessibility to technology and advocating policies that make digital tools more usable for people with disabilities. He has also worked on 7. (develop) assistive technologies, such as a voice-controlled computer interface that can be used by people with limited mobility.
In addition 8. his work in technology, Benjamin is a passionate advocate for disability rights, using his platform to challenge stereotypes and promote understanding of living with a disability. Through his writing and speaking engagements, he hopes to encourage others 9. (accept) their differences and work towards creating 10. more inclusive society for all. (共55张PPT)
Period One
Reading and Thinking—
Comprehension
Tu Youyou, controversial “Mother of Artemisinin”
Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5 for her
discoveries concerning a novel treatment for malaria. This is the
first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried
out within China.
Tu shared the prize with Irish-born William Campbell and
Satoshi Omura of Japan, who were honoured for their
revolutionary anti-roundworm treatment.
84-year-old Tu was awarded this prize for her contribution to
cutting the death rate of malaria, reducing patients' suffering
and promoting mankind's health. Although she received several
medical awards in the past, the 2015 Nobel Prize is definitely
the most privileged reward that recognizes Tu's dedication and
perseverance in discovering artemisinin, the key drug that battles
malaria-friendly parasites(寄生虫).
However, her route to the honour has been anything but
traditional. She won the Nobel Prize in medicine, but she
doesn't have a medical degree or a PhD.In China, she is even
being called the “three-noes” winner: no academician title, no
doctorate, and she's never worked overseas. No wonder her
success has stirred China's national pride and helped promote
confidence of native Chinese scientists.
The fact that Tu has none of these three backgrounds
reminds us that science should be more accessible to all. One
shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of
background he or she comes from, as long as one dives
into scientific research. There have been discussions on people
who really love science but are never able to achieve much
during their whole life. Their contributions can never be ignored.
They work so hard to prove the wrong way so that the future
researchers will be closer to the right one.
As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize winner of natural
science award, Tu's record-breaking winning also serves as a
reminder to those who are too eager for instant success.
Science is never about instant success.
Tu spent decades on scientific research before its value is
officially acknowledged. There is no way to measure how
much one devotes to science and compare it with how
much reward he or she may get.
【主题词句背诵】
1.win the Nobel Prize 获诺贝尔奖
2.concerning prep. 关于
3.contribution to 对……的贡献/捐助
4.cut the death rate of降低……的死亡率
5.anything but根本不;远非
6.be accessible to可使用的,可接近的
7.One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind
of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into
scientific research.
一个人无论来自什么样的背景,只要他/她潜心从事科学研究,就能够
成为科学家。
8.There is no way to measure how much one devotes to
science and compare it with how much reward he or she may
get.
没有办法衡量一个人对科学的贡献程度,并将其与他/她可能获得多少
回报进行比较。
课前自主探究
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
Task 1： Fast Reading
Ⅰ The main idea is that ______________________________________
____________________________________________.
Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize and how she and her team found artemisinin
Ⅱ Text Structure Analysing
the discovery
research
honour
Task 2： Careful Reading
( )1.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015
because she ________.
A.found the cause for malaria
B.discovered artemisinin
C.kept the world peace
D.made people live longer
√
( )2.Why did the Chinese government form a team of
scientists in 1967
A.To train more doctors for the countryside.
B.To help the homeless.
C.To help African countries to fight against malaria.
D.To discover a new treatment for malaria.
√
( )3.What gave Tu Youyou inspiration in her research
A.Her colleagues.
B.A world-famous expert in malaria.
C.One sentence in one medical text.
D.An old Chinese doctor.
( )4.Which adjectives can best describe Tu Youyou
A.Committed and patient. B.Caring and generous.
C.Elegant and determined. D.Kind and brave.
√
√
Task 3： Micro-writing
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to
Tu Youyou in 2015, 1._______ research led to the discovery of
artemisinin, 2.___ crucial new treatment for malaria.
Tu Youyou, a 3.___________(commit) and patient scientist,
was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and
4.___________(graduate) from Peking University Medical School
in 1955. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of
scientists with the 5._________ (object) of discovering a new
whose
a
committed
graduated
objective
treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was 6.________ the first
researchers chosen. From their research, they discovered and
tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. One
medical text from the fourth century suggested 7.______ (use)
the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu's team
tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no
effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the
liquid 8._________ (obtain) from this to treat malaria, but this
did not work either. She then concluded that boiling the sweet
among
using
obtained
wormwood 9.___________ (apparent)destroyed its medical
properties.
After failing more than 190 times, the team finally
succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even
insisted on testing the medicine on 10.___________ (they) to
make sure that it was safe. Upon hearing that she had been
awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.
There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.”
apparently
themselves
练 习 册
Ⅰ品句识词(写出黑体词或词块的汉语意思) (每小题1分，满分3分)
1.Caffeine, a substance found in coffee and some soft drinks, is
also a drug. ______
物质
2.It is believed that seals came out when our ancestors had
private property. __________
私人财产
3.During the expedition, the team collected several botanical
samples for further research and analysis. ________
植物的
1
2
3
Ⅱ单词拼写(每小题1分，满分10分)
1.As is known to all, talent and hard work are both
___________ (至关重要的) to career success.
crucial/vital
2.It is necessary for us to have a(n) _________ (客观的) attitude
towards life.
objective
3.The ___________ (尽责的) teacher stayed after school to help
students who were struggling with their assignments.
committed
4.Only if you make efforts to fulfill the task can you be
______________ (承认) to be excellent.
acknowledged
1
2
3
4
5
6
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10
5.The waiter handed me a menu, but it was _______ (主要地)
written in Chinese, whose characters were completely beyond
my comprehension.
mostly
6.The two paintings have ________ (有区别的)styles. One is full
of bold and vivid colours, while the other features soft and
delicate colours.
distinct
7.So long as we _______ (击败) the other team, we'll become
the champion.
defeat
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10
8.New students will _______ (获得) their library membership
when registering for college.
obtain
9.Parents often worry about their children's __________(学业的)
performance and how it will affect their future opportunities.
academic
10.The team are working hard to ________ (分析) the problem
so that they can find the best solution.
analyse
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Ⅲ短语填空(每小题2分，满分16分)
1.The gold medal will _______________ (被授予) whoever wins
the first place in the bicycle race.
be awarded to
2.Clean air ____________ (对……至关重要) the survival of
humans, plants and animals.
is crucial to
3.After they ________________ (从……毕业) college, they
determined to cycle along the entire Mekong River.
graduated from
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8
4.The technology promises to speed the development of new
______________ (对……的治疗) a whole range of diseases.
treatments for
5.Our school carried out an activity to _____________ (与……做
斗争) white pollution and develop a green community yesterday.
fight against
6.Several years after they'd split up they met again
______________________ (偶然地) in Paris.
by chance/by accident
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8
7.Despite my attempts to get him to call me by my Christian
name, he ___________ (坚持) addressing me as “Mr Kennedy”.
insisted on
8.Last week, she __________ (提取，取出)the money from her
savings account to pay for the unexpected expenses.
drew out
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Ⅳ阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
［2025·湖北楚天协作体高二期中考试］
Suppose I were to ask you to name some of the greatest
nurses that the world has ever known. Chances are you will
give me the name of Florence Nightingale, the wealthy woman
who gave off everything to serve the needy people of her time
and become a nurse. She's still pictured today as she was in
the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from
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2
3
4
sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that
is how she earned herself the title of “The Lady With The
Lamp”.
Born on May 12th, 1820, she was a genius who spoke
multiple languages and pioneered the concepts of statistical
analysis that are still used today. Her parents were different, too.
They were super-wealthy, and actually cared about the
education of their two daughters. This came as a surprise
because at that time, being born with two X chromosomes
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4
(染色体) was the high road to a life full of knitting and taking
care of a household, but her father was really dedicated to his
two daughters. Education for women at that time was still at its
earliest but Florence got the best education possible.
On February 5, 1837, the teenage Florence declared that
she had had a vision and God had commanded her to end
suffering in this world and this is when she joined nursing. Both
of her parents disagreed with that, considering that at that time
nursing was looked down upon. Florence over the next 12—13
years tried convincing her parents, but they didn't give in.
1
2
3
4
Aged 29, she even refused suitors (求婚者) to focus on her
nursing career which at that time was non-existent. When
Florence turned 30, her dad was completely worn out from
resisting and then sent her to Germany for nursing training. In
1853 her dream was completely realized and she undertook a
job in London at a hospital.
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2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了南丁格尔作为世界著
名护士的故事，以及她为了成为护士克服家庭阻力、奉献自己一生
的伟大事迹。
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( )1.Why was Nightingale called “The Lady With The Lamp”
A.She was the greatest nurse in the world.
B.She attended the Crimean War in 1853.
C.She took a lamp to take better pictures.
D.She tirelessly cared for the wounded carrying a lamp.
√
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3
4
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She's still pictured today as
she was in the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a
lamp from sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the
wounded, and that is how she earned herself the title of ‘The
Lady With The Lamp’.”可知，南丁格尔被称为“提灯女士”是因为她
在夜间提着灯不知疲倦地照顾伤者。故选D项。
1
2
3
4
( )2.What can be inferred about Nightingale's father
according to Paragraph 2
A.He was strict with his two daughters.
B.He believed women should stay at home.
C.He placed a high value on education.
D.He objected to his daughter's becoming a nurse.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段“They were super-wealthy, and
actually cared about the education of their two daughters.”可知，
南丁格尔的父亲非常重视女儿的教育。故选C项。
√
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( )3.How is the passage developed
A.By making comparisons. B.By listing reasons.
C.By following time order. D.By listing examples.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段“Born on May 12th, 1820…”、第
三段“On February 5, 1837…”、第四段“Aged 29…”以及“In 1853…”
可知，文章按照时间顺序介绍了南丁格尔的成长历程以及她成为护
士的过程。故选C项。
√
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3
4
( )4.Which of the following can best describe Nightingale
A.Selfless and determined.
B.Caring and mean.
C.Serious and stubborn.
D.Optimistic and knowledgeable.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段“Chances are you will give me
the name of Florence Nightingale, the wealthy woman who gave
off everything to serve the needy people of her time and
become a nurse. She's still pictured today as she was in the
√
1
2
3
4
Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from
sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that
is how she earned herself the title of ‘The Lady With The
Lamp’.”、倒数第二段“Florence over the next 12—13 years tried
convincing her parents, but they didn't give in.”和最后一段“Aged
29, she even refused suitors (求婚者) to focus on her nursing
career which at that time was non-existent.”可知，南丁格尔是无
私的并且决心坚定的。故选A项。
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Ⅴ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
［2025·安徽合肥六校联盟高二期中联考］
As the saying goes, failure is the mother of success. Many
of us were told from an early age that, at school or in life,
“you learn from your mistakes”. Is this actually true
The short answer is “yes”. 1.___. Because we would not like
to fail, learning from our mistakes is, in reality, very hard. It
doesn't feel good. So we react to failure in emotional ways, like
giving up on a task easily, telling ourselves we don't care
C
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5
whether we succeed, or finding fault with the task itself. This is
self-protective, according to Hallgeir Sjastad, a psychology
professor. In his opinion, most of us want to think of ourselves
as capable. 2.___.
Fortunately there are strategies to help us overcome the
emotional barriers. 3.___. Instead of asking “Why did I fail ”, we
could ask “Why did Sam fail ”, for example. Multiple studies
show this way helps to soften our negative emotional reactions.
Also it allows us to look at failure more objectively.
G
E
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5
4.___. This led to better levels of motivation and academic
success in the test groups—involving both adults and children—
that were asked to give advice based on their own failures.
Professor Eskreis-Winkler found that the satisfaction of helping
others “forces people to engage with their experience and what
they have learned”.
The writer Samuel Beckett once said, “Fail again, fail better.”
But it now seems that we should say “fail again, fail smarter”.
5.___, but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers
around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to
navigate (驾驭).
F
D
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5
A.Everyone needs success
B.Hard work leads to success
C.Failure can be a teachable moment
D.Failure is an unavoidable part of life
E.One of them is to adopt a third-person view
F.Next, offer advice to others in the same position as us
G.So what failure causes is a serious threat to our self-image
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何克服自己的情绪障碍，
学会从失败中吸取经验和教训，从而获得进步给出了一些建议。
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1.___
C
[解析] 根据第一段中“…‘you learn from your mistakes’. Is this
actually true ”和第二段中“The short answer is ‘yes’.”可知，人们是
可以从错误和失败中学习的，选项C“Failure can be a teachable
moment”(失败可以是一个受教育的时刻)表达了这层含义，对前文进
行了总结，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
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2.___
G
[解析] 根据上一句“In his opinion, most of us want to think of
ourselves as capable.”可知，选项G“So what failure causes is a
serious threat to our self-image”(所以失败造成的是对我们自我形
象的严重威胁)进一步说明了失败破坏了人们有能力的形象，使自我
形象受到了严重的威胁，同时也是对人们失败后所产生的情绪化反
应的解释，衔接合理，与本段主题相符。故选G。
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3.___
E
[解析] 根据上一句“Fortunately there are strategies to help us
overcome the emotional barriers.”可知，选项E“One of them is to
adopt a third-person view”(其中之一就是采用第三人称视角)中的
them 指代上一句中的 strategies，指出了其中一个策略的内容，承
接上文；结合下文“Instead of asking ‘Why did I fail ’, we could
ask ‘Why did Sam fail ’, for example.”可知，下一句是对选项E的
举例说明。故选E。
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4.___
F
[解析] 第三段主要介绍了帮助人们克服情绪障碍的一个策略，选项
F“Next, offer advice to others in the same position as us”
(其次，给和我们处境相同的人提建议)在第四段给出了第二个策略，
就是基于自己失败的经历，给同样失败的人提出建议；下一句“This
led to better levels of motivation and academic success in the
test groups—involving both adults and children—that were
asked to give advice based on their own failures.”中的 this 指代
选项F的内容，指出了给别人提出建议的策略所产生的效果，符合语
义和语境。故选F。
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5.___
D
[解析] 根据下文“…but by learning to overcome the emotional
barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little
easier to navigate (驾驭).”可知，选项D“Failure is an unavoidable
part of life”(失败是生活中不可避免的一部分)指出失败不可避免，
但是如果通过学习如何克服情绪障碍，学会从失败中学习，就会更
容易获得成功，由此可知，选项D与下文语义衔接合理，呼应文章主
题。故选D。
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Ⅵ语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
［2025·河北保定六校高二期中］
Benjamin Lou is a computer scientist and advocate who was
born with a rare genetic disorder 1._______ (call) spinal
muscular atrophy (SMA), which affects the muscles used for
moving the body. At the age of one, he became 2.___________
(complete) paralyzed (瘫痪) from the chest down, making it
difficult for him to breathe, feed himself, or move around
without assistance. Despite these 3.___________ (challenge),
called
completely
challenges
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Benjamin beat the odds and entered Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 4._______ he earned a degree in computer science
and artificial intelligence.
By now, Benjamin 5._____________ (become) an inspirational
figure for individuals with disabilities, using his experiences to
raise 6.___________ (aware) of the importance of accessibility to
technology and advocating policies that make digital tools more
usable for people with disabilities. He has also worked on
7.___________ (develop) assistive technologies, such as a voice-
where
has become
awareness
developing
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controlled computer interface that can be used by people with
limited mobility.
In addition 8.____ his work in technology, Benjamin is a
passionate advocate for disability rights, using his platform to
challenge stereotypes and promote understanding of living with
a disability. Through his writing and speaking engagements, he
hopes to encourage others 9.__________ (accept) their
differences and work towards creating 10.___ more inclusive
society for all.
to
to accept
a
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【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了出生时患有罕见病
的励志少年Benjamin Lou，他克服各种挑战进入麻省理工学院，成
为一名计算机科学家，他还是残疾人权利的热情倡导者。
1._______
called
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。动词call和 genetic disorder 之间是动宾关
系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。
2.___________
completely
[解析] 考查副词。空处应填副词形式，修饰 paralyzed，故填
completely。
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3.___________
challenges
[解析] 考查名词复数。challenge是可数名词，由空前的 these 可知
应用复数形式，故填challenges。
4._______
where
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，
先行词是Massachusetts Institute of Technology，关系词在从句中
作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。
5._____________
has become
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。根据 by now 可知句子用现在完成时，
主语表示单数意义，故填has become。
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6.___________
awareness
[解析] 考查名词。空处应填名词作动词 raise 的宾语，
awareness“意识”是不可数名词，故填awareness。
7.___________
developing
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。work on doing sth“致力于做某事”，故此
处应用动名词形式，故填developing。
8.____
to
[解析] 考查固定短语。in addition to“除了”是固定短语，故填to。
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5
6
7
8
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9.__________
to accept
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，
故此处应用动词不定式，故填to accept。
10.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。society“社会”在此处用作可数名词，表示泛指，
应用不定冠词，more首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
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Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Period one Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
导学案
课前自主探究
Task 1： Fast Reading
ⅠTu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize and how
she and her team found artemisinin
Ⅱ 1.the discovery 2.research 3.honour
Task 2： Careful Reading
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A
Task 3： Micro-writing
1.whose 2.a 3.committed 4.graduated 5.objective
6.among 7.using 8.obtained 9.apparently 10.themselves
练习册
Ⅰ 1.物质 2.私人财产 3.植物的
Ⅱ 1.crucial/vital 2.objective 3.committed 4.acknowledged
5.mostly 6.distinct 7.defeat 8.obtain 9.academic 10.analyse
Ⅲ 1.be awarded to 2.is crucial to 3.graduated from
4.treatments for 5.fight against 6.by chance/by accident
7.insisted on 8.drew out
Ⅳ 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A
Ⅴ 1.C 2.G 3.E 4.F 5.D
Ⅵ 1.called 2.completely 3.challenges 4.where
5.has become 6.awareness 7.developing 8.to
9.to accept 10.a
