Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
语言精讲
①as ②for ③posing ④Following our final dance pose
⑤that poses a great threat to
语法探究
【自主发现】
宾语; 表语
语法归纳
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.studying 2.recording 3.staying 4.eating
5.visiting 6.noting 7.looking 8.visiting
9.astonishing 10.challenging
●Ⅱ 1.focus on learning new skills 2.enjoy walking in the park
3.practise playing it 4.suggested organizing a group discussion
5.the task is challenging
●Ⅲ 1.which 2.drawing 3.Flying 4.staying
5.taking 6.for 7.amazing 8.climbing 9.Staying 10.relaxingPeriod Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
Ⅰ.1.turning 2.being taken 3.having 4.to eat;trying
5.astonished;astonishing 6.sleeping 7.puzzled;puzzling
8.reading;written 9.annoying 10.frightening
Ⅱ.1.graduating from college;starting his career
2.his accepting the decision
3.earning a large sum of money;living/leading a happy life
4.being seen by the teacher
5.his not being allowed
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。情绪以多种方式表现出来:面部表情、姿势、语调等。但是,当人们在说话时使用手势时,他们的言行有时是不一致的。
1.C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“‘Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,’ runs an old joke, ‘and he’ll be speechless.’ This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it.”以及第二段“But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, Thinking with Your Hands. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research.”和下文内容可知,作者在第一段提到关于意大利的老笑话是为了引出本文的主题——手势在交流中的重要性。故选C项。
2.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tones of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, Thinking with Your Hands. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research.”并结合第三段内容可知,Susan Goldin-Meadow认为人们在说话时所做的手势有时能反映其言行不一致,并强调手势是思考和交流的一部分。她通过《用你的手思考》这本书的名字也表达了类似的观点,即手势在某种程度上体现了认知。故选B项。
3.A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In fact, gestures that accompany the speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words—while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases of which they may be unaware.”和第五段的内容可知,作者通过举例和解释来论证“手势可能表达说话者真正的想法”。故选A项。
4.B 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a sophisticated aid to both.”以及全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了手势作为一种重要的交流形式,在语言和思考中所扮演的角色。从文章开头提到的意大利人的笑话,到Susan Goldin-Meadow的观点,再到各种实验和实例的引用,都旨在强调手势在交流中的不可或缺的地位。因此,标题应该突出手势是交流的一种重要形式,选项B“Gestures: a vital form of communication” (手势:一种重要的交流形式)最符合文章的中心思想。故选B项。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面部表情在人们沟通中的重要作用,以及除了面部表情之外,人们还应该利用眼神交流、肢体语言和声音去沟通。
1.F 由上文“Facial expressions are the primary way people show emotion and understand the feelings of others. Happiness, sadness, disgust, fear and surprise can be communicated through facial expressions alone.” (面部表情是人们表达情感和理解他人感受的主要方式。快乐、悲伤、厌恶、恐惧和惊讶仅通过面部表情就可以传达。)可知,这里主要讲人们可以通过面部表情表达各种情感,F项“But when part of the face is masked, it becomes tougher to recognize them.”(但当面部的一部分被掩盖时,识别它们变得更加困难。)符合语境,与上文形成转折,其中them指代上文中的 happiness, sadness, disgust, fear和surprise这些情感。故选F项。
2.A 由上文“If you want to increase understanding with a masked individual, you should look them in the eyes.”可知,与戴口罩的人交流可以看他们的眼睛,而由下文“Eye contact needs extra brain power and becomes uncomfortable after only three seconds.”(眼神交流需要额外的脑力,仅仅三秒钟后就会变得不舒服。)可知,眼神交流也并不容易,所以A项“It may be easier said than done.”(说起来容易做起来难。)符合语境,有承上启下作用,其中it代指前文 you should look them in the eyes。故选A项。
3.B 由下文“When engaged in a conversation, you can appear more attentive by turning your body towards the individual, leaning in or nodding. To let another person know you want to start speaking, straighten your posture, or nod more frequently.”可知,这里主要讲在交流中要注意自己的肢体语言,所以B项“Become aware of your own body language, too.”(你也要注意自己的肢体语言。)符合语境,有启下作用。故选B项。
4.C 由下文“Along with the actual words, you also use volume, tones and pauses to convey your message. For instance, a whisper may indicate sadness or insecurity, whereas a higher-pitched shout could show anger or intensity.”(除了实际的话语,你还可以使用音量、语调和停顿来传达你的信息。例如,耳语可能表示悲伤或不安全感,而音调较高的喊叫可能表示愤怒或紧张。)可知,这里建议要注意说话方式,所以C项“It’s not just what you say, but it’s how you say it.”(这不仅仅是你说什么,而是你怎么说。)符合语境,有启下作用。故选C项。
5.D 由下文“As long as you adopt proper manners, good communication still can be achieved though faces are partially covered.”可知,本句在总结:即使戴着口罩也能有效地沟通,而D项“Social distancing doesn’t have to mean ‘socially distant’.”(保持社交距离并不一定意味着“社交疏远”。)符合语境,其中socially distant与后文good communication形成对比,有启下作用。故选D项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了语言不仅包括口头表达,还包括音乐和肢体语言这样的非言语交流形式。
1.as 考查介词。根据空前serving和空后a tool for communication可知,本题考查serve as,为固定短语,意为“作为”。故填as。
2.powerful 考查形容词。根据空前are just as和空后as spoken words可知,此处为as…as的用法,as…as中间用形容词或副词原级,此处指“有力的”,应用形容词powerful作表语。故填powerful。
3.referred 考查非谓语动词。refer在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语music构成被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填referred。
4.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a form of non-verbal communication。先行词指物,且关系词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
5.has been used 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语for a long time可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语music为单数,且与谓语构成被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,助动词用has。故填has been used。
6.a 考查冠词。根据空后single word可知,此处泛指“一句话”,应用不定冠词,且single是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.happiness 考查名词。根据空前indicate可知,空处需用名词作宾语,此处表示“快乐”,应用名词happiness,其为不可数名词。故填happiness。
8.significantly 考查副词。根据空前can和空后influence可知,空处需用副词significantly修饰动词influence作状语。故填significantly。
9.Knowing/To know 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作主语,应用动名词形式或者是动词不定式形式,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Knowing/To know。
10.to connect 考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth为固定短语,意为“允许某人做某事”,空处需用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to connect。Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
pose vi.摆好姿势;假装,冒充 vt.造成(威胁、问题等) n.(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势;故作姿态
pose for… 为……摆好姿势
pose as… 冒充成……
pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk to…
对……构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
【佳句背诵】
(1)He doesn’t really know a thing about the theatre—he’s just posing!
他其实对戏剧一无所知——他只是在装腔作势!
(2)When she realized I was photographing her, she quickly made a pose, smiling.当她意识到我在给她拍照时,她很快微笑着摆了个姿势。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①To find out, we hire two women to pose
new car customers.
②Before going into their meeting, the six foreign ministers posed photographs.
③Smoking is an addictive habit, (pose) a health risk not only for smokers but also for people surrounding the smoker.
◆完成句子
④ was the thunderous applause. I glanced at the judges and caught smiles on their faces. (读后续写之场景描写)
在我们做完最后一个舞蹈动作之后,掌声雷动。我瞥了一眼评委们,看到他们脸上露出了笑容。
⑤Ladies and gentlemen, today we are facing a serious issue our future—climate change. (应用文写作之演讲词)
女士们,先生们,现在我们面临着一个对我们的未来构成巨大威胁的严重问题——气候变化。
【语境感悟】
阅读以下有关“肢体语言”的短文,感知加黑部分,并回答其后的问题。
Using body language means ①communicating without words. It involves ②moving our arms, nodding our heads, and smiling at others. Hugging tightly is ③showing affection, while crossing arms tightly is ④signaling defence. Waving our hands enthusiastically is ⑤inviting others to join in while folding our hands and leaning back may suggest we look forward to ⑥ending the conversation soon.
【自主发现】
以上语段中,①、②、③、④、⑤、⑥均为v.-ing形式;其中,①、②、⑥在句中作 ;③、④、⑤在句中作 。
v.-ing形式作宾语、表语
一、v.-ing形式作宾语
1.常接动名词作宾语的动词(短语),巧记如下:
“考虑建议盼原谅”: consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon;
“承认推迟想不想”: admit, delay/put off, fancy;
“避免错过继续练”: avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise;
“否认完成停止赏”:deny, finish, stop, enjoy;
“不禁介意准逃亡”: can’t help, mind, allow/permit, escape;
“不准冒险凭想象”: forbid, risk, imagine。
We must keep reminding ourselves that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it.
我们一定要不断提醒自己,养成某种习惯要比戒掉它更容易。
2.常见固定句型
(1)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time/a good time/fun (+in)+doing sth
做某事有困难/有麻烦/有问题/受罪/开心
He had a good time (in) travelling abroad this summer vacation.
这个暑假,他在国外旅行得很开心。
(2)spend/waste/lose time (in) doing sth
花费/浪费/耽误时间做某事
3.有些动词既可跟v.-ing形式作宾语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但在语义上却有很大的差别。
4.v.-ing形式作介词的宾语。如:
After taking careful aim, he let the arrow fly.
仔细瞄准后,他把箭射了出去。
We are looking forward to seeing you again.
我们盼望再次见到你。
He insisted on doing it in his own way.
他坚持用他自己的方式来做这件事。
二、v.-ing形式作表语
1.v.-ing形式作表语, 表示抽象的一般性的行为; 而不定式作表语一般表示具体的动作, 特别是表示将来的动作。如:
His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。
2.表心理状态的interesting,exciting,disappointing,worrying,puzzling,satisfying,surprising, pleasing等作表语时,表示客观上“令人……的”;而interested,excited,disappointed,worried,puzzled,satisfied,surprised,pleased等作表语时,表示主观上“感到……的”。如:
Travelling is interesting but tiring.
旅游是有趣的也是累人的。
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] So, after (study)the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
2.[2023·全国乙卷] As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I discovered.
3.[2022·全国甲卷] I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not (stay) out with my friends too late.
4.[2024·全国甲卷] For many of us, moderation means (eat) less than we do now.
5.[2021·全国乙卷] Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: minimize the impact of (visit) the place.
6.[2019·全国卷Ⅰ] Scientists have responded by (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements.
7.[2018·全国卷Ⅲ] I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
8.[2018·浙江6月考] I still remember
(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
9.It was (astonish) to see the animals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world.
10.[2024·全国甲卷] It’s more (challenge) to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作
1.Students should , improving their competitiveness in the future job market.(focus)
学生应该专注于学习新技能,提高他们在未来就业市场的竞争力。
2.I really in the early morning, breathing the fresh air and listening to the birds singing.(enjoy) 我真的很喜欢在清晨在公园里散步,呼吸新鲜空气,听鸟儿歌唱。
3.If you want to improve your piano skills, you need to for at least an hour every day.(practise)
如果你想提高你的钢琴技能,你需要每天至少练习弹它一个小时。
4.The teacher to help students better understand the difficult concepts.(suggest)
老师建议组织小组讨论,以帮助学生更好地理解难懂的概念。
5.Although , involving complex procedures and tight deadlines, we are determined to complete it successfully.(challenge)
尽管任务具有挑战性,涉及复杂的程序和紧迫的期限,但我们决心成功完成它。
●Ⅲ 语篇填空
This month, I will travel to Changsha and Zhangjiajie with my two friends, 1. is supposed to be a seven-day trip. With the day 2. (draw) near, we have prepared many things, snacks and medicines included. Firstly, we will go to Changsha by plane. 3. (fly) in this season is much cheaper, and it helps to save time. We will stay there for two days. The main goal of 4. (stay) there is to enjoy the delicious food in Changsha. My friend has prepared a map of must-tries and I believe they must be good. Then we will go to Zhangjiajie by train, for the journey is not so far, 5. (take) about five hours to get there. Zhangjiajie is famous 6. its wonderful mountains. The scenery there is so 7. (amaze) that no one should miss it. But we will have a tough journey for 8.
(climb) high mountains, which is not easy for us all. 9. (stay) there for a bit longer can slow down the pace and it’s more 10. (relax). This is my plan for the journey. I am sure it will be a wonderful and fruitful journey. Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
1.Would you mind (turn) down your radio a little, please
2.I remember (take) to the zoo by my mother when I was a child.
3.Although he knew that eating too much junk food was bad for his health, he still couldn’t resist (have) a burger and fries every now and then.
4.I didn’t mean (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help (try) it.
5.We were all very at the news. I found it very . (astonish)
6.The parents suggested (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.
7.Judging from the look on her face, we can figure out that the problem must be quite .(puzzle)
8.I noticed my little son (read) the words (write) on his small blackboard.
9.It was (annoy) that all my belongings were stolen on the train.
10.The fierce lion looks (frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作(每小题3分,满分15分)
1.After , Tim made a voyage to Australia before .
大学毕业后,蒂姆在开始他的职业生涯之前,曾航行至澳大利亚。
2.It is difficult to imagine without any consideration.
很难想象他会不假思索就接受了这个决定。
3.In my opinion, isn’t equal to .
在我看来,挣一大笔钱并不等于过上幸福的生活。
4.To avoid , Tom got into the classroom from the back door quietly.
为了避免被老师看见,汤姆悄悄地从后门进入教室。
5.What worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital.
这个孩子最担心的是不被允许去医院探望他的母亲。
●Ⅲ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分)
[2025·湖北汉阳一中高二期中联考]
“Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it.
Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tones of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, Thinking with Your Hands. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research.
Virtually everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologize for not having made any—but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. A woman born without arms but with “phantom limb syndrome (幻肢综合征)” describes how she uses her phantom arms when she talks—but not when she walks. All this suggests that cognition is, to some extent, “embodied”; thinking is not all done in your head.
In fact, gestures that accompany the speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words—while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases of which they may be unaware.
In The Crown, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to speak without gesticulating. No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a sophisticated aid to both.
( )1.Why does the author mention the old joke in Paragraph 1
A.To present an argument.
B.To describe a scene.
C.To lead in the topic.
D.To clarify a doubt.
( )2.Which statement will Susan Goldin-Meadow probably agree with
A.The disabled seldom use gestures.
B.Gestures literally embody cognition.
C.Thinking only occurs inside the brain.
D.Gestures are improper in communication.
( )3.What does the author try to prove in the last two paragraphs
A.Gestures may express what the speaker really thinks.
B.People are unaware of the meanings of their gestures.
C.Gesturing during the speech shows only a lack of control.
D.Speakers can lie more easily with the help of gestures.
( )4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Speech: a direct channel of information
B.Gestures: a vital form of communication
C.Italians’ body language: a national stereotype
D.Thinking with your hands: a lifetime’s research
●Ⅳ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·福建三明高二阶段测试]
Facial expressions are the primary way people show emotion and understand the feelings of others. Happiness, sadness, disgust, fear and surprise can be communicated through facial expressions alone. 1.
Fortunately, you can regain some control over communication by working with what you have left—the eyes. If you want to increase understanding with a masked individual, you should look them in the eyes. 2. Eye contact needs extra brain power and becomes uncomfortable after only three seconds. But bear in mind that eye contact can also make you appear more intelligent and trustworthy.
You might be surprised at how much information is conveyed by the body itself. For instance, when someone is happy, they lift their head; when they are sad, they drop their head. Learning how people use their bodies to convey emotion may help reduce the uncertainty you feel when communicating with someone in a mask. 3. When engaged in a conversation, you can appear more attentive by turning your body towards the individual, leaning in or nodding. To let another person know you want to start speaking, straighten your posture, or nod more frequently.
Don’t forget the impact of your voice. 4. Along with the actual words, you also use volume, tones and pauses to convey your message. For instance, a whisper may indicate sadness or insecurity, whereas a higher-pitched shout could show anger or intensity.
5. As long as you adopt proper manners, good communication still can be achieved though faces are partially covered.
A.It may be easier said than done.
B.Become aware of your own body language, too.
C.It’s not just what you say, but it’s how you say it.
D.Social distancing doesn’t have to mean “socially distant”.
E.Raising your voice can alter the message you are trying to send.
F.But when part of the face is masked, it becomes tougher to recognize them.
G.You can use your body and voice to convey the emotions your mask might hide.
●Ⅴ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·湖南多校高二期中联考]
Language is an important aspect of human society, serving 1. a tool for communication, expression, and the preservation of culture. While most people associate language with verbal expressions, the reality is that language includes a much broader range, including music and body language. These forms of non-verbal communication are just as 2. (power) as spoken words.
Music, often 3. (refer) to as the universal language, goes beyond cultural and linguistic barriers. It is a form of non-verbal communication, 4. creates connections between people.Moreover, music 5. (use) as a means of storytelling for a long time.
Body language is another form of non-verbal communication. It involves the use of body postures, gestures, facial expressions and eye movements to convey messages. Body language can reveal a person’s emotions, attitudes and intentions without saying 6. single word. For example, a smile can indicate 7. (happy), while crossed arms might signal defensiveness or discomfort. Cultural differences can 8. (significant)influence the understanding of body language, making it important to understand the context in which these non-verbal cues are given.
In conclusion, language is a multifaceted (多方面的) phenomenon that goes beyond mere words. It includes the universal resonance of music and the silent expression of body language. 9. (know) these different forms of communication enriches our understanding of the world and allows us 10. (connect) with others on a deeper level. (共67张PPT)
Period Three
Learning About Language
(Grammar)
语言精讲
语法探究
语法归纳
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
pose vi.摆好姿势;假装,冒充 vt.造成(威胁、问题等) n.(为画像、拍照
等摆的)姿势;故作姿态
pose for… 为……摆好姿势
pose as… 冒充成……
pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk to…
对……构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
【佳句背诵】
(1)He doesn't really know a thing about the theatre—he's just
posing!
他其实对戏剧一无所知——他只是在装腔作势!
(2)When she realized I was photographing her, she quickly
made a pose, smiling.
当她意识到我在给她拍照时,她很快微笑着摆了个姿势。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①To find out, we hire two women to pose ____new car
customers.
②Before going into their meeting, the six foreign ministers
posed____photographs.
as
for
③Smoking is an addictive habit,________ (pose) a health risk
not only for smokers but also for people surrounding the
smoker.
posing
◆完成句子
④______________________________ was the thunderous applause.
I glanced at the judges and caught smiles on their faces.
(读后续写之场景描写)
在我们做完最后一个舞蹈动作之后,掌声雷动。我瞥了一眼评委们,看
到他们脸上露出了笑容。
Following our final dance pose
⑤Ladies and gentlemen, today we are facing a serious
issue___________________________ our future—climate change.
(应用文写作之演讲词)
女士们，先生们，现在我们面临着一个对我们的未来构成巨大威胁
的严重问题——气候变化。
that poses a great threat to
【语境感悟】
阅读以下有关“肢体语言”的短文，感知加黑部分，并回答其后的
问题。
Using body language means ①communicating without
words. It involves ②moving our arms, nodding our heads,
and smiling at others. Hugging tightly is ③showing affection,
while crossing arms tightly is ④signaling defence. Waving our
hands enthusiastically is ⑤inviting others to join in while
folding our hands and leaning back may suggest we look
forward to ⑥ending the conversation soon.
【自主发现】
语段中，①、②、③、④、⑤、⑥均为v.-ing形式；其中，①、②、
⑥在句中作 ______；③、④、⑤在句中作______。
宾语
表语
v.-ing形式作宾语、表语
一、v.-ing形式作宾语
1.常接动名词作宾语的动词(短语),巧记如下:
“考虑建议盼原谅”: consider, suggest/advise, look forward to,
excuse/pardon;
“承认推迟想不想”: admit, delay/put off, fancy;
“避免错过继续练”: avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise;
“否认完成停止赏”:deny, finish, stop, enjoy;
“不禁介意准逃亡”: can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape;
“不准冒险凭想象”: forbid, risk, imagine。
We must keep reminding ourselves that it is easier to get into
something than it is to get out of it.
我们一定要不断提醒自己,养成某种习惯要比戒掉它更容易。
2.常见固定句型
(1)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time/a good time/fun
(+in)+doing sth
做某事有困难/有麻烦/有问题/受罪/开心
He had a good time (in) travelling abroad this summer
vacation.
这个暑假,他在国外旅行得很开心。
(2)spend/waste/lose time (in) doing sth
花费/浪费/耽误时间做某事
3.有些动词既可跟v.-ing形式作宾语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但在语义
上却有很大的差别。
go on to do sth接着做另一件事
go on doing sth继续做同一件事
remember to do sth记得要去做某事
remember doing sth记得曾做过某事
try to do sth努力做某事
try doing sth尝试做某事
regret to do sth对将要做的事表示遗憾
regret doing sth对做过的事表示后悔
mean to do sth打算/想做某事
mean doing sth意味着做某事
4.v.-ing形式作介词的宾语。如:
After taking careful aim, he let the arrow fly.
仔细瞄准后,他把箭射了出去。
We are looking forward to seeing you again.
我们盼望再次见到你。
He insisted on doing it in his own way.
他坚持用他自己的方式来做这件事。
二、v.-ing形式作表语
1.v.-ing形式作表语, 表示抽象的一般性的行为; 而不定式作表语一般
表示具体的动作, 特别是表示将来的动作。如:
His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。
2.表心理状态的
interesting,exciting,disappointing,worrying,puzzling,satisfying,
surprising, pleasing等作表语时,表示客观上“令人……的”;而
interested,excited,disappointed,worried,puzzled,satisfied,surprised,
pleased等作表语时,表示主观上“感到……的”。如:
Travelling is interesting but tiring.
旅游是有趣的也是累人的。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ用所给词的适当形式填空
1.［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］So, after_________ (study)the techniques
for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
2.［2023·全国乙卷］As a photographer, I have spent the last
two years__________ (record) everything I discovered.
studying
recording
3.［2022·全国甲卷］I was unwilling to talk with him and often
disobeyed his rule of not________ (stay) out with my friends too
late.
staying
4.［2024·全国甲卷］For many of us, moderation means_______
(eat) less than we do now.
eating
5.［2021·全国乙卷］Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet
the following principles: minimize the impact of________ (visit)
the place.
visiting
6.［2019·全国卷Ⅰ］Scientists have responded by_______ (note)
that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human
settlements.
noting
7.［2018·全国卷Ⅲ］I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to
avoid________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel
challenged.
looking
8.［2018·浙江6月考］I still remember________(visit) a friend
who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt
she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
visiting
9.It was___________(astonish) to see the animals and plants that
are found nowhere else in the world.
astonishing
10.［2024·全国甲卷］It's more____________ (challenge) to eat in
moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like
cookies.
challenging
Ⅱ语法与写作
1.Students should___________________________, improving their
competitiveness in the future job market.(focus)
学生应该专注于学习新技能，提高他们在未来就业市场的竞争力。
focus on learning new skills
2.I really_________________________ in the early morning,
breathing the fresh air and listening to the birds singing.(enjoy)
我真的很喜欢在清晨在公园里散步，呼吸新鲜空气，听鸟儿歌唱。
enjoy walking in the park
3.If you want to improve your piano skills, you need
to__________________for at least an hour every day.(practise)
如果你想提高你的钢琴技能，你需要每天至少练习弹它一个小时。
practise playing it
4.The teacher_______________________________________ to help
students better understand the difficult concepts.(suggest)
老师建议组织小组讨论，以帮助学生更好地理解难懂的概念。
suggested organizing a group discussion
5.Although______________________, involving complex
procedures and tight deadlines, we are determined to complete
it successfully.(challenge)
尽管任务具有挑战性，涉及复杂的程序和紧迫的期限，但我们决心
成功完成它。
the task is challenging
Ⅲ语篇填空
This month, I will travel to Changsha and Zhangjiajie with
my two friends, 1._______is supposed to be a seven-day trip.
With the day 2._________ (draw) near, we have prepared many
things, snacks and medicines included. Firstly, we will go to
Changsha by plane. 3._______ (fly) in this season is much
cheaper, and it helps to save time. We will stay there for two
days. The main goal of 4.________ (stay) there is to enjoy the
delicious food in Changsha. My friend has prepared a map of
which
drawing
Flying
staying
must-tries and I believe they must be good. Then we will go to
Zhangjiajie by train, for the journey is not so far, 5._______
(take) about five hours to get there. Zhangjiajie is famous 6.____
its wonderful mountains. The scenery there is so 7._________
(amaze) that no one should miss it. But we will have a tough
journey for 8._________(climb) high mountains, which is not easy
for us all. 9.________ (stay) there for a bit longer can slow down
the pace and it's more 10.________ (relax). This is my plan for
the journey. I am sure it will be a wonderful and fruitful journey.
taking
for
amazing
climbing
Staying
relaxing
练 习 册
Ⅰ单句填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1.Would you mind ________ (turn) down your radio a little,
please
turning
2.I remember ____________ (take) to the zoo by my mother
when I was a child.
being taken
3.Although he knew that eating too much junk food was bad
for his health, he still couldn't resist _______ (have) a burger
and fries every now and then.
having
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.I didn't mean _______ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked
so good that I couldn't help _______ (try) it.
to eat
trying
5.We were all very ___________ at the news. I found it very
___________. (astonish)
astonished
astonishing
6.The parents suggested _________ (sleep) in the hotel room
but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.
sleeping
7.Judging from the ________ look on her face, we can figure
out that the problem must be quite _________.(puzzle)
puzzled
puzzling
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3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.I noticed my little son ________ (read) the words ________
(write) on his small blackboard.
reading
written
9.It was __________ (annoy) that all my belongings were stolen
on the train.
annoying
10.The fierce lion looks ___________ (frighten). Keep away from
its cage or it will attack you.
frightening
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3
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10
Ⅱ语法与写作(每小题3分，满分15分)
1.After _______________________, Tim made a voyage to
Australia before __________________.
大学毕业后,蒂姆在开始他的职业生涯之前,曾航行至澳大利亚。
graduating from college
starting his career
2.It is difficult to imagine _________________________ without
any consideration.
很难想象他会不假思索就接受了这个决定。
his accepting the decision
3.In my opinion, ______________________________ isn't equal to
_________________________.
在我看来,挣一大笔钱并不等于过上幸福的生活。
earning a large sum of money
living/leading a happy life
1
2
3
4
5
4.To avoid __________________________, Tom got into the
classroom from the back door quietly.
为了避免被老师看见,汤姆悄悄地从后门进入教室。
being seen by the teacher
5.What worried the child most was _____________________ to
visit his mother in the hospital.
这个孩子最担心的是不被允许去医院探望他的母亲。
his not being allowed
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2
3
4
5
Ⅲ阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
［2025·湖北汉阳一中高二期中联考］
“Tie an Italian's hands behind his back,” runs an old joke,
“and he'll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype:
Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling
supposedly goes to prove it.
Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a
rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial
1
2
3
4
expressions, posture, tones of voice and so on. But people are
doing something different when they use gestures with speech,
which she sums up in the title of her new book, Thinking with
Your Hands. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime's research.
Virtually everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental
subjects, told after a research session that they were being
watched for gestures, apologize for not having made any—but
were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when
they speak, including to each other.
1
2
3
4
A woman born without arms but with “phantom limb syndrome
(幻肢综合征)” describes how she uses her phantom arms when
she talks—but not when she walks. All this suggests that
cognition is, to some extent, “embodied”; thinking is not all
done in your head.
In fact, gestures that accompany the speech are a second
channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat
runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in
1
2
3
4
words—while their hands make a running motion.
People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with
their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating
women's height; they can be shown to have biases of which
they may be unaware.
In The Crown, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is
warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which
could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to
speak without gesticulating. No one who reads Susan's book
1
2
3
4
could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of
control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a
sophisticated aid to both.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。情绪以多种方式表现出来：面部
表情、姿势、语调等。但是，当人们在说话时使用手势时，他们的
言行有时是不一致的。
1
2
3
4
( )1.Why does the author mention the old joke in
Paragraph 1
A.To present an argument. B.To describe a scene.
C.To lead in the topic. D.To clarify a doubt.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“‘Tie an Italian's hands
behind his back,’ runs an old joke, ‘and he'll be speechless.’ This
rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and
emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove
it.”以及第二段“But people are doing something different when
they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title
of her new book, Thinking with Your Hands. It is a masterly
tour through a lifetime's research.”和下文内容可知，作者在第一段
提到关于意大利的老笑话是为了引出本文的主题——手势在交流中
的重要性。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
( )2.Which statement will Susan Goldin-Meadow probably
agree with
A.The disabled seldom use gestures.
B.Gestures literally embody cognition.
C.Thinking only occurs inside the brain.
D.Gestures are improper in communication.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Susan Goldin-Meadow of
the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions
come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tones of
voice and so on. But people are doing something different
when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the
title of her new book, Thinking with Your Hands. It is a masterly
tour through a lifetime's research.”并结合第三段内容可知，Susan
Goldin-Meadow认为人们在说话时所做的手势有时能反映其言行不
一致，并强调手势是思考和交流的一部分。她通过《用你的手思考》
这本书的名字也表达了类似的观点，即手势在某种程度上体现了认
知。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
( )3.What does the author try to prove in the last two
paragraphs
A.Gestures may express what the speaker really thinks.
B.People are unaware of the meanings of their gestures.
C.Gesturing during the speech shows only a lack of control.
D.Speakers can lie more easily with the help of gestures.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In fact, gestures that
accompany the speech are a second channel of information.
Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie
and say it jumped. They do so in words—while their hands
make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual
equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about
women are not indicating women's height; they can be shown
to have biases of which they may be unaware.”和第五段的内容
可知，作者通过举例和解释来论证“手势可能表达说话者真正的想法”。
故选A项。
1
2
3
4
( )4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Speech: a direct channel of information
B.Gestures: a vital form of communication
C.Italians' body language: a national stereotype
D.Thinking with your hands: a lifetime's research
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“No one who reads
Susan's book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a
lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a
sophisticated aid to both.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了手
势作为一种重要的交流形式，在语言和思考中所扮演的角色。从文
章开头提到的意大利人的笑话，到Susan Goldin-Meadow的观点，
再到各种实验和实例的引用，都旨在强调手势在交流中的不可或缺
的地位。因此，标题应该突出手势是交流的一种重要形式，选项
B“Gestures: a vital form of communication” (手势：一种重要的交
流形式)最符合文章的中心思想。故选B项。
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Ⅳ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
［2025·福建三明高二阶段测试］
Facial expressions are the primary way people show
emotion and understand the feelings of others. Happiness,
sadness, disgust, fear and surprise can be communicated
through facial expressions alone. 1.___
Fortunately, you can regain some control over
communication by working with what you have left—the eyes. If
you want to increase understanding with a masked individual,
F
1
2
3
4
5
you should look them in the eyes. 2.___ Eye contact needs
extra brain power and becomes uncomfortable after only three
seconds. But bear in mind that eye contact can also make you
appear more intelligent and trustworthy.
You might be surprised at how much information is
conveyed by the body itself. For instance, when someone is
happy, they lift their head; when they are sad, they drop their
head. Learning how people use their bodies to convey emotion
may help reduce the uncertainty you feel when communicating
A
1
2
3
4
5
with someone in a mask. 3.___ When engaged in a
conversation, you can appear more attentive by turning your
body towards the individual, leaning in or nodding. To let
another person know you want to start speaking, straighten
your posture, or nod more frequently.
Don't forget the impact of your voice. 4.___ Along with the
actual words, you also use volume, tones and pauses to convey
your message. For instance, a whisper may indicate sadness or
insecurity, whereas a higher-pitched shout could show anger or
intensity.
B
C
1
2
3
4
5
5.___ As long as you adopt proper manners, good
communication still can be achieved though faces are partially
covered.
D
1
2
3
4
5
A.It may be easier said than done.
B.Become aware of your own body language, too.
C.It's not just what you say, but it's how you say it.
D.Social distancing doesn't have to mean “socially distant”.
E.Raising your voice can alter the message you are trying to
send.
F.But when part of the face is masked, it becomes tougher to
recognize them.
G.You can use your body and voice to convey the emotions
your mask might hide.
1
2
3
4
5
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面部表情在人们沟
通中的重要作用，以及除了面部表情之外，人们还应该利用眼神交
流、肢体语言和声音去沟通。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
F
[解析] 由上文“Facial expressions are the primary way people
show emotion and understand the feelings of others. Happiness,
sadness, disgust, fear and surprise can be communicated
through facial expressions alone.” (面部表情是人们表达情感和理
解他人感受的主要方式。快乐、悲伤、厌恶、恐惧和惊讶仅通过面
部表情就可以传达。)可知，这里主要讲人们可以通过面部表情表达
各种情感，F项“But when part of the face is masked, it becomes
tougher to recognize them.”(但当面部的一部分被掩盖时，识别它
们变得更加困难。)符合语境，与上文形成转折，其中them指代上文
中的 happiness, sadness, disgust, fear和surprise这些情感。故选F项。
1
2
3
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5
2.___
A
[解析] 由上文“If you want to increase understanding with a
masked individual, you should look them in the eyes.”可知，与
戴口罩的人交流可以看他们的眼睛，而由下文“Eye contact needs
extra brain power and becomes uncomfortable after only three
seconds.”(眼神交流需要额外的脑力，仅仅三秒钟后就会变得不舒
服。)可知，眼神交流也并不容易，所以A项“It may be easier said
than done.”(说起来容易做起来难。)符合语境，有承上启下作用，
其中it代指前文 you should look them in the eyes。故选A项。
1
2
3
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5
3.___
B
[解析] 由下文“When engaged in a conversation, you can appear
more attentive by turning your body towards the individual,
leaning in or nodding. To let another person know you want to
start speaking, straighten your posture, or nod more frequently.”
可知，这里主要讲在交流中要注意自己的肢体语言，所以B项
“Become aware of your own body language, too.”(你也要注意自
己的肢体语言。)符合语境，有启下作用。故选B项。
1
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3
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5
4.___
C
[解析] 由下文“Along with the actual words, you also use volume,
tones and pauses to convey your message. For instance, a
whisper may indicate sadness or insecurity, whereas a higher-
pitched shout could show anger or intensity.”(除了实际的话语，
你还可以使用音量、语调和停顿来传达你的信息。例如，耳语可能
表示悲伤或不安全感，而音调较高的喊叫可能表示愤怒或紧张。)可
知，这里建议要注意说话方式，所以C项“It's not just what you say,
but it's how you say it.”(这不仅仅是你说什么，而是你怎么说。)符
合语境，有启下作用。故选C项。
1
2
3
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5
5.___
D
[解析] 由下文“As long as you adopt proper manners, good
communication still can be achieved though faces are partially
covered.”可知，本句在总结：即使戴着口罩也能有效地沟通，而D项
“Social distancing doesn't have to mean ‘socially distant’.”
(保持社交距离并不一定意味着“社交疏远”。)符合语境，其中socially
distant与后文good communication形成对比，有启下作用。故选D项。
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5
Ⅴ语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
［2025·湖南多校高二期中联考］
Language is an important aspect of human society, serving
1.____ a tool for communication, expression, and the
preservation of culture. While most people associate language
with verbal expressions, the reality is that language includes a
much broader range, including music and body language. These
forms of non-verbal communication are just as 2._________
(power) as spoken words.
as
powerful
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10
Music, often 3._________ (refer) to as the universal language,
goes beyond cultural and linguistic barriers. It is a form of non-
verbal communication, 4._______ creates connections between
people. Moreover, music 5._______________ (use) as a means of
storytelling for a long time.
Body language is another form of non-verbal
communication. It involves the use of body postures, gestures,
facial expressions and eye movements to convey messages. Body
language can reveal a person's emotions, attitudes and
intentions without saying 6.___ single word.
referred
which
has been used
a
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For example, a smile can indicate 7.__________ (happy), while
crossed arms might signal defensiveness or discomfort. Cultural
differences can 8.____________(significant)influence the
understanding of body language, making it important to
understand the context in which these non-verbal cues are
given.
In conclusion, language is a multifaceted (多方面的)
phenomenon that goes beyond mere words. It includes the
universal resonance of music and the silent expression of body
language. 9.__________________ (know) these different forms of
happiness
significantly
Knowing/To know
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2
3
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communication enriches our understanding of the world and
allows us 10.___________ (connect) with others on a deeper
level.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了语言不仅包括口
头表达，还包括音乐和肢体语言这样的非言语交流形式。
to connect
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1.____
as
[解析] 考查介词。根据空前serving和空后a tool for
communication可知，本题考查serve as，为固定短语，意为“作为”。
故填as。
2._________
powerful
[解析] 考查形容词。根据空前are just as和空后as spoken words可
知，此处为as…as的用法，as…as中间用形容词或副词原级，此处指
“有力的”，应用形容词powerful作表语。故填powerful。
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3._________
referred
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。refer在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑
主语music构成被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填referred。
4._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a
form of non-verbal communication。先行词指物，且关系词在从
句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
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5._______________
has been used
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语动词，
根据时间状语for a long time可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语
music为单数，且与谓语构成被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语
态，助动词用has。故填has been used。
6.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。根据空后single word可知，此处泛指“一句话”，
应用不定冠词，且single是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，所以应用不
定冠词a。故填a。
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7.__________
happiness
[解析] 考查名词。根据空前indicate可知，空处需用名词作宾语，此
处表示“快乐”，应用名词happiness，其为不可数名词。故填
happiness。
8.____________
significantly
[解析] 考查副词。根据空前can和空后influence可知，空处需用副词
significantly修饰动词influence作状语。故填significantly。
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9.__________________
Knowing/To know
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式或者
是动词不定式形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Knowing/To
know。
10.___________
to connect
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth为固定短语，意为“允
许某人做某事”，空处需用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to connect。
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Unit 4 BODY LANGUAGE
Period Three Learning About Language （Grammar）
导学案
语言精讲
①as ②for ③posing ④Following our final dance pose
⑤that poses a great threat to
语法探究
【自主发现】
宾语；表语
语法归纳
【实战演练】
Ⅰ1.studying 2.recording 3.staying 4.eating 5.visiting
6.noting 7.looking 8.visiting 9.astonishing 10.challenging
Ⅱ1.focus on learning new skills
2.enjoy walking in the park
3.practise playing it
4.suggested organizing a group discussion
5.the task is challenging
Ⅲ1.which 2.drawing 3.Flying 4.staying 5.taking 6.for
7.amazing 8.climbing 9.Staying 10.relaxing
练习册
Ⅰ1.turning 2.being taken 3.having 4.to eat;trying
5.astonished;astonishing 6.sleeping 7.puzzled;puzzling
8.reading;written 9.annoying 10.frightening
Ⅱ1.graduating from college;starting his career
2.his accepting the decision
3.earning a large sum of money;living/leading a happy life
4.being seen by the teacher
5.his not being allowed
Ⅲ1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B
Ⅳ1.F 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D
Ⅴ1.as 2.powerful 3.referred 4.which 5.has been used
6.a 7.happiness 8.significantly 9.Knowing/To know
10.to connect
