Unit 5 WORKING THE LAND
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
【课前自主探究】
Task 1: Fast Reading
●Ⅰ Yuan Longping, the “father of hybrid rice” and one of China’s most famous scientists.
●Ⅱ 1.introduction 2.scientific 3.attitude 4.fulfil his dreams
Task 2: Careful Reading
1—4 CABD
Task 3: Micro-writing
1.himself 2.chose 3.tackling 4.that/which
5.was developed 6.to expand 7.of 8.What
9.reality 10.laterUnit 5 WORKING THE LAND
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
Ⅰ.1.(1)产量 (n.) (2)屈服,让步 (v.) (3)产生,带来(v.)
2.(1)激烈的 (2)强烈的,热切的
Ⅱ.1.shortage 2.tackle 3.assumptions 4.Domestic 5.urban 6.output 7.estimated 8.boost
Ⅲ.1.is comprised of 2.depends on 3.Being devoted to 4.Through intense effort 5.deep down 6.at heart
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农业的相关信息,包括其优缺点、开发智能照明计算机程序以解决能源成本问题,以及室内作物对不同照明条件的反应的研究结果。
1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Growing crops in piling rows indoors under controllable artificial lights can produce more food per square foot while using less land and water than traditional outdoor farms. But this vertical farming technique is also energy-intensive and expensive.”可知,垂直农业的一个缺点是它很耗能。故选C项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The computer program adjusts the intensity of grow lights hourly based on the changing cost of electricity.”可知,电力成本的变化影响生长光强度的调整。故选A项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But how might indoor crops grow well under dynamic lighting Marcelis and his colleagues tested how leafy greens reacted to light patterns that changed hourly…Interestingly, both conditions resulted in leaves and mature weights similar to those grown under standard fixed lighting.”可知,Marcelis和他的同事们测试了绿叶蔬菜对每小时变化的光线模式的反应。植物暴露在不同的光照强度下:一组植物在先是高强度再是低强度的光照间隔下生长,而另一组植物则享受更明亮的早晨和更暗淡的下午。有趣的是,这两种条件都导致叶子和成熟重量与标准固定光照下生长的叶子和成熟重量相似,即室内作物在不同的光线模式下反应相似。故选D项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He also cautions against expecting immediate benefits from dynamic lighting for vertical farming. Other critical issues remain to be resolved before vertical farming can help feed the world.”可推知,这项研究仍然存在一些局限性,还有关键问题仍有待解决。故选A项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全素农业的优势。
1.B 由设空处前一句“Vegan farming is a good way to grow plants such as vegetables without using animal-derived materials such as their waste.”(全素农业是种植蔬菜等植物的一种好方法,它不需要使用动物废料等动物来源的材料。)和后一句“Such an approach to farming also helps preserve the environment and regain soil richness and improve its biodiversity.”(这种耕作方式不仅有助于保护环境、恢复土壤肥力,还有助于增加生物多样性。)可知,设空处仍在说全素农业的好处。B项“全素种植者也绝不会使用合成肥料。”符合语境。故选B。
2.C 由本段最后一句“On the other hand, vegan agriculture rejects animal-derived products and usually sticks with plant-based organic compounds, which means that, in general, vegan agriculture has stricter rules than organic farming.”(另一方面,全素农业拒绝动物来源的产品,通常坚持使用植物性有机化合物,这意味着,总的来说,全素农业比有机农业有更严格的规定。)可知,本段在说全素农业与有机农业是不一样的。结合选项,C项“很明显,全素农业和有机农业是不一样的。”符合语境。故选C。
3.F 前文“Additionally, vegan farming usually chooses more natural ways to protect the plants, like breaking cycles of plants’ diseases with mixed cropping (混作), using mechanical barriers (机械屏障) such as nets, or even attracting opposing organisms to fight the harmful ones.”(此外,全素农业通常选择更自然的方式来保护植物,比如通过混作种植打破植物疾病的循环,使用网状物等机械屏障,甚至吸引对立的生物来对抗有害的生物。)介绍全素农业通常选择更自然的方式来保护植物。后文“However, they might be less effective against certain plant diseases or pests.”(然而,它们对某些植物疾病或害虫可能不太有效。)出现转折,介绍这种方法的弊端,故推知空处应是这种方法的优势,F项“这些方式对环境的影响比传统农业方式要小。”符合语境。故选F。
4.A 前文“By contrast, in conventional agriculture, synthetic pesticides are on a very high level.”提到传统农业中合成农药的用量非常高,A项“因此,它们在食品中的含量要高得多。”与前一句形成顺承关系,A项中them指代上文synthetic pesticides。故选A。
5.E 前文“Doing so is not only beneficial to vegans.”(这样做不仅对素食主义者有益。)介绍好处,结合选项,E项“而且对整个世界也有好处,包括其他动物和植物。”介绍对于动物和植物也是有益的,且not only…(but) also前后呼应。故选E。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了位于塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘的英吉沙县,这个地方最近引进了现代温室,从而改变了当地的景观。
1.struggled 考查时态。根据once可知,谓语动词struggle应用一般过去时。故填struggled。
2.in 考查介词。in bloom是固定搭配,表示“(花)盛开”。故填in。
3.monitoring 考查非谓语动词。monitoring devices即“监测设备”,monitor与device是主动关系,用现在分词作定语。故填monitoring。
4.is controlled 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。谓语动词control与主语modern agricultural equipment是被动关系,且这里描述的是一种客观事实,主语为不可数名词,所以要用一般现在时的被动语态,系动词用is。故填is controlled。
5.which/that 考查定语从句。此处是一个定语从句,先行词land在从句中作主语,所以要用关系代词which或者that。故填which/that。
6.Known 考查非谓语动词。此处是一个非谓语动词作状语的结构,be known as表示“被称为……”,去掉be动词,用过去分词作状语。单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Known。
7.dramatically 考查副词。修饰谓语have increased,要用副词dramatically。故填dramatically。
8.a 考查冠词。fig是可数名词,这里泛指“一个无花果”,且single是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,要用a。故填a。
9.increasing 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是have boosted和have created,设空处和improving并列,用现在分词作状语,表示结果。故填increasing。
10.markets 考查名词复数。market是可数名词,表示“全国各地的市场”要用复数形式。故填markets。Unit 5 WORKING THE LAND
[导读] 2021年5月22日,“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平院士逝世。袁隆平生前在中国粮食安全、提高世界粮食产量方面做出了卓越贡献。
Scientist Yuan Longping, renowned for developing the first hybrid rice strain that pulled countless people out of hunger, died of illness at 91 on Saturday.
The top rice scientist in China passed away in a hospital in Changsha, Hunan Province, at about 1 pm, according to the hospital and other sources.
Family members hummed songs to Yuan in his final hours, reporters at the site said.
Having spent over five decades on hybrid rice research, the academician with the China Academy of Engineering has helped China work a great wonder—feeding nearly one-fifth of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s total land.
Born in Beijing in 1930, Yuan succeeded in cultivating the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, which was later grown on a large scale in China and other countries to substantially raise output.
For the next four decades, he continued to research and upgrade hybrid rice, which has reached its third generation. Until early this year, he had been conducting research in a seed breeding base in Hainan.
In China, where rice is the staple for the majority of the 1.4 billion population, the accumulated planting area of hybrid rice has exceeded 16 million hectares, or 57 percent of the total planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.
Its growth area overseas has reached 8 million hectares.
Yuan once said he had two dreams—to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that the hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food scarcity.
On China’s Twitter-like Sina Weibo, the news has been viewed 950 million times so far, with netizens from all walks of life expressing grief at the death of a great man.
“Three times a day, when we enjoy the fragrance of rice, you will be dearly remembered,” said a comment that has been liked more than 600,000 times.
【主题词句背诵】
1.work a great wonder 创造了一个伟大的奇迹
2.feed v. 喂养,饲养,为……提供食物
3.cultivate v. 种植,培育
4.high-yielding hybrid rice strain高产杂交水稻品种
5.on a large scale大规模地
6.all walks of life 各行各业
7.For the next four decades, he continued to research and upgrade hybrid rice, which has reached its third generation.
在接下来的四十年里,他继续研究和改良杂交水稻,(现在)杂交水稻已经到了第三代。
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
Task 1: Fast Reading
●Ⅰ What’s the text mainly about
●Ⅱ Text Structure Analysing
Task 2: Careful Reading
( )1.Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer
A.Because he looked like a farmer in appearance.
B.Because he developed the first hybrid rice.
C.Because he continually worked the land in his research.
D.Because he was born into a farmer family.
( )2.What was the solution to food shortage in the opinion of Yuan
A.Boosting yields in the same fields.
B.Increasing fields.
C.Using more chemicals.
D.Using advanced technology.
( )3.What do we know about the hybrid rice from the text
A.It was first developed in 1970.
B.It has spread to other countries.
C.It grows well only in rich soil.
D.It has larger grains than conventional rice.
( )4.What did Yuan Longping make large contributions to
A.Education.
B.Medicine.
C.Space exploration.
D.Agricultural research.
Task 3: Micro-writing
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, was one of China’s most famous scientists. He considered 1. (he) a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research.
Seeing farmers had a serious shortage of food to eat, Yuan 2. (choose) to study agriculture. After graduating from college, Yuan worked as a researcher. He realised the key to 3. (tackle) hunger was to boost yields in the fields. To realise the goal, Yuan must find hybrid rice 4. is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. After twenty years of hard work, the first hybrid rice 5. (develop) by Yuan in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers 6. (expand) their output greatly.
Today, it is estimated that about 60% of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised 7. crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice, too.
Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping received numerous awards at home and abroad. He cared little for celebrity or money. Instead, he made large donations to support agricultural research. 8. impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a 9. (real). Even in his 10. (late) years, Yuan was still young at heart and full of vision. Unit 5 WORKING THE LAND
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
●Ⅰ 一词多义(每小题1分,满分5分)
1.yield
(1)The climate has grown more stable and the crop yields have risen.
(2)I yielded to temptation and had a chocolate bar.
(3)The farmer’s hard work finally yielded a bountiful harvest this year, much to his delight.
2.intense
(1)There is now intense competition between schools to attract students.
(2)And yet they shared an intense respect for nature, which made them each an influential figure of their time.
●Ⅱ 单词拼写(每小题1分,满分8分)
1.The rapid increase in population caused a (缺乏) of natural resources.
2.She decided to (解决) the challenging project head-on, despite the potential difficulties.
3.It was impossible to make (假设) about people’s reactions.
4. (国内的) flights are often cheaper than international ones, making them a popular choice for travellers.
5.When you start to get tired of the busy (城市的) life, it would be better to spend a week at the beach.
6.The factory has increased its (产量) by 20% this year compared to last year.
7.It is (估计) that the global population will reach 9 billion by the year 2050, posing significant challenges for resource management.
8.Some scientists claim that vitamins will (增长) your child’s IQ score.
●Ⅲ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分12分)
1.A year (由……组成) the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter.
2.The success of the project largely (取决于) the team’s ability to work together effectively.
3. (致力于) learning a second language, whether you are old or young, will add to a lot of fun and broaden your horizons.
4. (通过不懈的努力),he eventually fulfilled his dream as a scientist.
5.I have so many friends, but (在内心深处), I have a fear of loneliness.
6.Though she likes arguments, she is very warm-hearted (本质上,内心里).
●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分)
[2025·山东名校考试联盟高二期中检测]
Growing crops in piling rows indoors under controllable artificial lights can produce more food per square foot while using less land and water than traditional outdoor farms. But this vertical farming technique is also energy-intensive and expensive. Researchers are now finding that adjusting light to cater to the unique requirements of each crop can promote stronger, healthier growth and simultaneously cut down on energy use.
Researchers have developed a computer program that can control lighting to better both photosynthesis (光合作用) and electric bills. The computer program adjusts the intensity of grow lights hourly based on the changing cost of electricity.
This “smart lighting” could potentially cut vertical farms’ electricity costs by up to 12 percent, says Leo Marcelis, leader of the research team. Such savings could lead to tens of thousands of dollars in annual cost reductions, backed by data from the 2021 Global CEA Census Report—a survey of the indoor and controlled environment agriculture industry.
But how might indoor crops grow well under dynamic lighting Marcelis and his colleagues tested how leafy greens reacted to light patterns that changed hourly. Plants were exposed to varying light intensities: one group of plants grew under high-then-low intensity lighting intervals (间隔), while another enjoyed brighter mornings and dimmer afternoons. Interestingly, both conditions resulted in leaves and mature weights similar to those grown under standard fixed lighting.
While the new program operated without predetermined lighting conditions, Marcelis indicates there is potential for reducing electricity costs. Continued research that tests dynamic lighting on larger scales is needed, as the research was carried out at the single-plant level, but not yet at the whole crop stand level, mentioned Marcelis. He also cautions against expecting immediate benefits from dynamic lighting for vertical farming. Other critical issues remain to be resolved before vertical farming can help feed the world.
( )1.What is a disadvantage of vertical farming
A.Cost-effective.
B.Labour-intensive.
C.Energy-consuming.
D.Technically-challenging.
( )2.What influences the adjustments of grow light intensity
A.Variations in power costs.
B.Growth stages of the crops.
C.Outdoor lighting conditions.
D.Changing electricity supplies.
( )3.What did researchers find about indoor crops
A.They grow better under fixed lighting.
B.They remain uninfluenced by sunlight.
C.They output more under dynamic lighting.
D.They react similarly to varying light patterns.
( )4.What may Marcelis agree with
A.There are still some limitations in the research.
B.The new program helps save on electricity bills.
C.Vertical farming will be a major trend in the future.
D.Dynamic lighting is a useful way to get rid of hunger.
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
Vegan agriculture
Vegan farming (全素农业) has become more and more popular. It is one of the most environmentally friendly forms of agriculture. Vegan farming is a good way to grow plants such as vegetables without using animal-derived materials such as their waste. 1. Such an approach to farming also helps preserve the environment and regain soil richness and improve its biodiversity.
2. Organic farming uses natural products to grow plants—that can include even animal waste as fertilizers. On the other hand, vegan agriculture rejects animal-derived products and usually sticks with plant-based organic compounds, which means that, in general, vegan agriculture has stricter rules than organic farming.
Additionally, vegan farming usually chooses more natural ways to protect the plants, like breaking cycles of plants’ diseases with mixed cropping (混作), using mechanical barriers (机械屏障) such as nets, or even attracting opposing organisms to fight the harmful ones. 3. However, they might be less effective against certain plant diseases or pests.
One of the reasons to develop vegan agriculture is that the vegan way of farming replaces synthetic (合成的) pesticides and uses organic pesticides or other non-chemical methods to protect the crops. By contrast, in conventional agriculture, synthetic pesticides are on a very high level. 4.
In the future, it is of great significance not to rely on animals’ waste to feed plants. Doing so is not only beneficial to vegans. 5. Even if today’s methods of vegan agriculture might not be perfect, scientists worldwide, together with vegan farmers, are working towards developing plant-based solutions as alternatives to animal-derived fertilizers.
A.Accordingly, the amount of them in food products is much higher.
B.Also, vegan farmers are far from applying synthetic fertilizers.
C.It is apparent that vegan agriculture is not the same as organic farming.
D.In today’s world, the vegan diet and lifestyle are increasingly popular.
E.But it’s also good for the whole world, including other animals and plants.
F.These ways affect the environment less than the ways of traditional farming.
G.The rise of veganism creates new demand for more vegan-friendly agriculture.
●Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·湖南高二期中]
Located on the edge of the Taklimakan Desert, Yengisar County in Kashgar once 1. (struggle) to develop its agriculture due to its dry climate and limited rainfall. But modern greenhouses have transformed the landscape lately.
Inside one of the county’s agricultural industrial parks, colourful roses are 2.
bloom. With an intelligent Internet of things control system, farmers use digital 3. (monitor) devices to precisely control irrigation and fertilization, and modern agricultural equipment, such as cooling systems, automated ventilation systems and ozone sterilizers (消毒器) 4. (control) through smart technology. Today, a variety of flowers, including roses and lilies, flourish on the land 5. was once barren.
6. (know) in China as the “Land of Figs (无花果)”, the city of Artux has seen great improvements in fig production thanks to modern facilities, and with the introduction of new varieties for off-season cultivation, the fruit is now available year-round. “Yields have increased 7. (dramatic). In 2023, our nine intelligent greenhouses produced about 450,000 fresh figs. Previously during the off season, 8. single fig could sell for as much as 10 yuan ($1.4),” says Wang Shengye, general manager of a local agricultural company.
These intelligent agricultural parks have not only boosted the local agricultural industry but also created jobs, improving the livelihoods of local communities and 9. (increase) quantities of fresh fruits and vegetables produced in Xinjiang which are now reaching 10. (market) across the country thanks to advanced cold-chain logistics. (共57张PPT)
Period One
Reading and Thinking—
Comprehension
［导读］2021年5月22日,“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平院士逝世。袁隆
平生前在中国粮食安全、提高世界粮食产量方面做出了卓越贡献。
Scientist Yuan Longping, renowned for developing the first
hybrid rice strain that pulled countless people out of hunger,
died of illness at 91 on Saturday.
The top rice scientist in China passed away in a hospital in
Changsha, Hunan Province, at about 1 pm, according to the
hospital and other sources.
Family members hummed songs to Yuan in his final hours,
reporters at the site said.
Having spent over five decades on hybrid rice research, the
academician with the China Academy of Engineering has helped
China work a great wonder—feeding nearly one-fifth of the
world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's total
land.
Born in Beijing in 1930, Yuan succeeded in cultivating the
world's first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, which was
later grown on a large scale in China and other countries to
substantially raise output.
For the next four decades, he continued to research and
upgrade hybrid rice, which has reached its third generation.
Until early this year, he had been conducting research in a seed
breeding base in Hainan.
In China, where rice is the staple for the majority of the 1.4
billion population, the accumulated planting area of hybrid rice
has exceeded 16 million hectares, or 57 percent of the total
planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a
year.
Its growth area overseas has reached 8 million hectares.
Yuan once said he had two dreams—to “enjoy the cool
under the rice crops taller than men” and that the hybrid rice
could be grown all over the world to help solve the global
food scarcity.
On China's Twitter-like Sina Weibo, the news has been
viewed 950 million times so far, with netizens from all walks of
life expressing grief at the death of a great man.
“Three times a day, when we enjoy the fragrance of rice,
you will be dearly remembered,” said a comment that has been
liked more than 600,000 times.
【主题词句背诵】
1.work a great wonder 创造了一个伟大的奇迹
2.feed v. 喂养,饲养,为……提供食物
3.cultivate v. 种植,培育
4.high-yielding hybrid rice strain高产杂交水稻品种
5.on a large scale大规模地
6.all walks of life 各行各业
7.For the next four decades, he continued to research and
upgrade hybrid rice, which has reached its third generation.
在接下来的四十年里,他继续研究和改良杂交水稻,(现在)杂交水稻已
经到了第三代。
课前自主探究
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
Task 1： Fast Reading
ⅠWhat's the text mainly about
___________________________________________________________
_______________________
Yuan Longping, the “father of hybrid rice” and one of China's most famous scientists.
ⅡText Structure Analysing
introduction
scientific
attitude
fulfil his dreams
Task 2： Careful Reading
( )1.Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer
A.Because he looked like a farmer in appearance.
B.Because he developed the first hybrid rice.
C.Because he continually worked the land in his research.
D.Because he was born into a farmer family.
√
( )2.What was the solution to food shortage in the opinion
of Yuan
A.Boosting yields in the same fields.
B.Increasing fields.
C.Using more chemicals.
D.Using advanced technology.
√
( )3.What do we know about the hybrid rice from the text
A.It was first developed in 1970.
B.It has spread to other countries.
C.It grows well only in rich soil.
D.It has larger grains than conventional rice.
( )4.What did Yuan Longping make large contributions to
A.Education. B.Medicine.
C.Space exploration. D.Agricultural research.
√
√
Task 3： Micro-writing
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, was
one of China's most famous scientists. He considered 1.________
(he) a farmer because he continually worked the land in his
research.
Seeing farmers had a serious shortage of food to eat, Yuan
2._______(choose) to study agriculture. After graduating from
college, Yuan worked as a researcher. He realised the key to
3.________ (tackle) hunger was to boost yields in the fields.
himself
chose
tackling
To realise the goal, Yuan must find hybrid rice 4.___________ is
a cross between two or more varieties of a species. After
twenty years of hard work, the first hybrid rice 5._________
__________(develop) by Yuan in 1974. This hybrid enabled
farmers 6.___________ (expand) their output greatly.
Today, it is estimated that about 60% of domestic rice
consumption in China is comprised 7.___ crops generated from
Yuan's hybrid strains. Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just
China, but many other countries that depend on rice, too.
that/which
was developed
to expand
of
Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping
received numerous awards at home and abroad. He cared little
for celebrity or money. Instead, he made large donations to
support agricultural research. 8.______impressed people most
about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.
His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a 9._______
(real). Even in his 10.______(late) years, Yuan was still young at
heart and full of vision.
What
reality
later
练 习 册
Ⅰ一词多义(每小题1分，满分5分)
1.yield
(1)The climate has grown more stable and the crop yields have
risen._________
(2)I yielded to temptation and had a chocolate bar.___________
____
(3)The farmer's hard work finally yielded a bountiful harvest this
year, much to his delight.______________
产量 (n.)
屈服，让步 (v.)
产生，带来(v.)
1
2
2.intense
(1)There is now intense competition between schools to attract
students.________
激烈的
(2)And yet they shared an intense respect for nature, which
made them each an influential figure of their time.
______________
强烈的,热切的
1
2
Ⅱ单词拼写(每小题1分，满分8分)
1.The rapid increase in population caused a _________ (缺乏) of
natural resources.
shortage
2.She decided to _______ (解决) the challenging project head-
on, despite the potential difficulties.
tackle
3.It was impossible to make ____________ (假设) about people's
reactions.
assumptions
4.__________ (国内的) flights are often cheaper than
international ones, making them a popular choice for travellers.
Domestic
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5.When you start to get tired of the busy _______ (城市的) life,
it would be better to spend a week at the beach.
urban
6.The factory has increased its _______ (产量) by 20% this year
compared to last year.
output
7.It is __________ (估计) that the global population will reach 9
billion by the year 2050, posing significant challenges for
resource management.
estimated
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8.Some scientists claim that vitamins will _______(增长) your
child's IQ score.
boost
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅲ短语填空(每小题2分，满分12分)
1.A year ________________ (由……组成) the four seasons of
spring, summer, autumn and winter.
is comprised of
2.The success of the project largely ____________ (取决于) the
team's ability to work together effectively.
depends on
3._________________ (致力于) learning a second language,
whether you are old or young, will add to a lot of fun and
broaden your horizons.
Being devoted to
1
2
3
4
5
6
4.______________________ (通过不懈的努力),he eventually fulfilled
his dream as a scientist.
Through intense effort
5.I have so many friends, but ____________ (在内心深处), I have
a fear of loneliness.
deep down
6.Though she likes arguments, she is very warm-hearted
_________ (本质上,内心里).
at heart
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅳ阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
［2025·山东名校考试联盟高二期中检测］
Growing crops in piling rows indoors under controllable
artificial lights can produce more food per square foot while
using less land and water than traditional outdoor farms. But
this vertical farming technique is also energy-intensive and
expensive. Researchers are now finding that adjusting light to
cater to the unique requirements of each crop can promote
1
2
3
4
stronger, healthier growth and simultaneously cut down on
energy use.
Researchers have developed a computer program that can
control lighting to better both photosynthesis (光合作用) and
electric bills. The computer program adjusts the intensity of
grow lights hourly based on the changing cost of electricity.
This “smart lighting” could potentially cut vertical farms'
electricity costs by up to 12 percent, says Leo Marcelis, leader
of the research team. Such savings could lead to tens of
1
2
3
4
thousands of dollars in annual cost reductions, backed by data
from the 2021 Global CEA Census Report—a survey of the
indoor and controlled environment agriculture industry.
But how might indoor crops grow well under dynamic
lighting Marcelis and his colleagues tested how leafy greens
reacted to light patterns that changed hourly. Plants were
exposed to varying light intensities: one group of plants grew
under high-then-low intensity lighting intervals (间隔), while
another enjoyed brighter mornings and dimmer afternoons.
1
2
3
4
Interestingly, both conditions resulted in leaves and mature
weights similar to those grown under standard fixed lighting.
While the new program operated without predetermined
lighting conditions, Marcelis indicates there is potential for
reducing electricity costs. Continued research that tests dynamic
lighting on larger scales is needed, as the research was carried
out at the single-plant level, but not yet at the whole crop
stand level, mentioned Marcelis. He also cautions against
expecting immediate benefits from dynamic lighting for vertical
farming. Other critical issues remain to be resolved before
vertical farming can help feed the world.
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农业的相关信息，
包括其优缺点、开发智能照明计算机程序以解决能源成本问题，以
及室内作物对不同照明条件的反应的研究结果。
1
2
3
4
( )1.What is a disadvantage of vertical farming
A.Cost-effective. B.Labour-intensive.
C.Energy-consuming. D.Technically-challenging.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Growing crops in piling rows
indoors under controllable artificial lights can produce more
food per square foot while using less land and water than
traditional outdoor farms. But this vertical farming technique is
also energy-intensive and expensive.”可知，垂直农业的一个缺点
是它很耗能。故选C项。
√
1
2
3
4
( )2.What influences the adjustments of grow light intensity
A.Variations in power costs.
B.Growth stages of the crops.
C.Outdoor lighting conditions.
D.Changing electricity supplies.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The computer program
adjusts the intensity of grow lights hourly based on the
changing cost of electricity.”可知，电力成本的变化影响生长光强度
的调整。故选A项。
√
1
2
3
4
( )3.What did researchers find about indoor crops
A.They grow better under fixed lighting.
B.They remain uninfluenced by sunlight.
C.They output more under dynamic lighting.
D.They react similarly to varying light patterns.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But how might indoor crops
grow well under dynamic lighting Marcelis and his colleagues
tested how leafy greens reacted to light patterns that changed
hourly…Interestingly, both conditions resulted in leaves and
√
1
2
3
4
mature weights similar to those grown under standard fixed
lighting.”可知，Marcelis和他的同事们测试了绿叶蔬菜对每小时变化
的光线模式的反应。植物暴露在不同的光照强度下：一组植物在先
是高强度再是低强度的光照间隔下生长，而另一组植物则享受更明
亮的早晨和更暗淡的下午。有趣的是，这两种条件都导致叶子和成
熟重量与标准固定光照下生长的叶子和成熟重量相似，即室内作物
在不同的光线模式下反应相似。故选D项。
1
2
3
4
( )4.What may Marcelis agree with
A.There are still some limitations in the research.
B.The new program helps save on electricity bills.
C.Vertical farming will be a major trend in the future.
D.Dynamic lighting is a useful way to get rid of hunger.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He also cautions against
expecting immediate benefits from dynamic lighting for vertical
farming. Other critical issues remain to be resolved before
vertical farming can help feed the world.”可推知，这项研究仍然
存在一些局限性，还有关键问题仍有待解决。故选A项。
√
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Vegan agriculture
Vegan farming (全素农业) has become more and more
popular. It is one of the most environmentally friendly forms of
agriculture. Vegan farming is a good way to grow plants such
as vegetables without using animal-derived materials such as
their waste. 1.___ Such an approach to farming also helps
preserve the environment and regain soil richness and improve
its biodiversity.
B
1
2
3
4
5
2.___ Organic farming uses natural products to grow
plants—that can include even animal waste as fertilizers. On the
other hand, vegan agriculture rejects animal-derived products
and usually sticks with plant-based organic compounds, which
means that, in general, vegan agriculture has stricter rules than
organic farming.
Additionally, vegan farming usually chooses more natural
ways to protect the plants, like breaking cycles of plants'
diseases with mixed cropping (混作), using mechanical barriers
C
1
2
3
4
5
(机械屏障) such as nets, or even attracting opposing organisms
to fight the harmful ones. 3.___ However, they might be less
effective against certain plant diseases or pests.
One of the reasons to develop vegan agriculture is that the
vegan way of farming replaces synthetic (合成的) pesticides and
uses organic pesticides or other non-chemical methods to
protect the crops. By contrast, in conventional agriculture,
synthetic pesticides are on a very high level. 4.___
F
A
1
2
3
4
5
In the future, it is of great significance not to rely on
animals' waste to feed plants. Doing so is not only beneficial to
vegans. 5.___ Even if today's methods of vegan agriculture
might not be perfect, scientists worldwide, together with vegan
farmers, are working towards developing plant-based solutions
as alternatives to animal-derived fertilizers.
E
1
2
3
4
5
A.Accordingly, the amount of them in food products is much
higher.
B.Also, vegan farmers are far from applying synthetic fertilizers.
C.It is apparent that vegan agriculture is not the same as
organic farming.
D.In today's world, the vegan diet and lifestyle are increasingly
popular.
E.But it's also good for the whole world, including other animals
and plants.
1
2
3
4
5
F.These ways affect the environment less than the ways of
traditional farming.
G.The rise of veganism creates new demand for more vegan-
friendly agriculture.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全素农业的优势。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
B
[解析] 由设空处前一句“Vegan farming is a good way to grow
plants such as vegetables without using animal-derived materials
such as their waste.”(全素农业是种植蔬菜等植物的一种好方法，它
不需要使用动物废料等动物来源的材料。)和后一句“Such an
approach to farming also helps preserve the environment and
regain soil richness and improve its biodiversity.”(这种耕作方式不
仅有助于保护环境、恢复土壤肥力，还有助于增加生物多样性。)可
知，设空处仍在说全素农业的好处。B项“全素种植者也绝不会使用
合成肥料。”符合语境。故选B。
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
C
[解析] 由本段最后一句“On the other hand, vegan agriculture
rejects animal-derived products and usually sticks with plant-
based organic compounds, which means that, in general, vegan
agriculture has stricter rules than organic farming.”(另一方面，全
素农业拒绝动物来源的产品，通常坚持使用植物性有机化合物，这
意味着，总的来说，全素农业比有机农业有更严格的规定。)可知，
本段在说全素农业与有机农业是不一样的。结合选项，C项“很明显，
全素农业和有机农业是不一样的。”符合语境。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
F
[解析] 前文“Additionally, vegan farming usually chooses more
natural ways to protect the plants, like breaking cycles of plants'
diseases with mixed cropping (混作), using mechanical barriers
(机械屏障) such as nets, or even attracting opposing organisms
to fight the harmful ones.”(此外，全素农业通常选择更自然的方式
来保护植物，比如通过混作种植打破植物疾病的循环，使用网状物
等机械屏障，甚至吸引对立的生物来对抗有害的生物。)介绍全素农
业通常选择更自然的方式来保护植物。
1
2
3
4
5
后文“However, they might be less effective against certain plant
diseases or pests.” (然而，它们对某些植物疾病或害虫可能不太有
效。)出现转折，介绍这种方法的弊端，故推知空处应是这种方法的
优势，F项“这些方式对环境的影响比传统农业方式要小。”符合语境。
故选F。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
A
[解析] 前文“By contrast, in conventional agriculture, synthetic
pesticides are on a very high level.”提到传统农业中合成农药的用
量非常高，A项“因此，它们在食品中的含量要高得多。”与前一句形
成顺承关系，A项中them指代上文synthetic pesticides。故选A。
5.___
E
[解析] 前文“Doing so is not only beneficial to vegans.”
(这样做不仅对素食主义者有益。)介绍好处，结合选项，E项“而且对
整个世界也有好处，包括其他动物和植物。”介绍对于动物和植物也
是有益的，且not only…(but) also前后呼应。故选E。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅵ语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
［2025·湖南高二期中］
Located on the edge of the Taklimakan Desert, Yengisar
County in Kashgar once 1.__________ (struggle) to develop its
agriculture due to its dry climate and limited rainfall. But
modern greenhouses have transformed the landscape lately.
Inside one of the county's agricultural industrial parks,
colourful roses are 2.___bloom. With an intelligent Internet of
things control system, farmers use digital 3.___________ (monitor)
struggled
in
monitoring
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
devices to precisely control irrigation and fertilization, and
modern agricultural equipment, such as cooling systems,
automated ventilation systems and ozone sterilizers (消毒器)
4._____________ (control) through smart technology. Today, a
variety of flowers, including roses and lilies, flourish on the land
5.___________ was once barren.
is controlled
which/that
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.________ (know) in China as the “Land of Figs (无花果)”,
the city of Artux has seen great improvements in fig production
thanks to modern facilities, and with the introduction of new
varieties for off-season cultivation, the fruit is now available
year-round. “Yields have increased 7.____________ (dramatic). In
2023, our nine intelligent greenhouses produced about 450,000
fresh figs. Previously during the off season, 8.___ single fig
could sell for as much as 10 yuan ($1.4),” says Wang Shengye,
general manager of a local agricultural company.
Known
dramatically
a
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
These intelligent agricultural parks have not only boosted
the local agricultural industry but also created jobs, improving
the livelihoods of local communities and 9.__________ (increase)
quantities of fresh fruits and vegetables produced in Xinjiang
which are now reaching 10.________ (market) across the country
thanks to advanced cold-chain logistics.
increasing
markets
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘的
英吉沙县，这个地方最近引进了现代温室，从而改变了当地的景观。
1.__________
struggled
[解析] 考查时态。根据once可知，谓语动词struggle应用一般过去时。
故填struggled。
2.___
in
[解析] 考查介词。in bloom是固定搭配，表示“(花)盛开”。故填in。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.___________
monitoring
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。monitoring devices即“监测设备”，monitor
与device是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填monitoring。
4._____________
is controlled
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。谓语动词control与主语
modern agricultural equipment是被动关系，且这里描述的是一种
客观事实，主语为不可数名词，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，
系动词用is。故填is controlled。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5.___________
which/that
[解析] 考查定语从句。此处是一个定语从句，先行词land在从句中
作主语，所以要用关系代词which或者that。故填which/that。
6.________
Known
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处是一个非谓语动词作状语的结构，be
known as表示“被称为……”，去掉be动词，用过去分词作状语。单
词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Known。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7.____________
dramatically
[解析] 考查副词。修饰谓语have increased，要用副词dramatically。
故填dramatically。
8.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。fig是可数名词，这里泛指“一个无花果”，且single
是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，要用a。故填a。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.__________
increasing
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是have boosted和have
created，设空处和improving并列，用现在分词作状语，表示结果。
故填increasing。
10.________
markets
[解析] 考查名词复数。market是可数名词，表示“全国各地的市场”
要用复数形式。故填markets。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Unit 5 WORKING THE LAND
Period one Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
导学案
课前自主探究
Task 1： Fast Reading
Ⅰ Yuan Longping, the “father of hybrid rice” and one
of China's most famous scientists.
Ⅱ1.introduction 2.scientific 3.attitude 4.fulfil his dreams
Task 2： Careful Reading
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D
Task 3： Micro-writing
1.himself 2.chose 3.tackling 4.that/which 5.was developed
6.to expand 7.of 8.What 9.reality 10.later
练习册
Ⅰ 1.（1）产量（n.）（2）屈服，让步（v.）（3）产生，带来（v.）
2.（1）激烈的 （2）强烈的,热切的
Ⅱ 1.shortage 2.tackle 3.assumptions 4.Domestic 5.urban
6.output 7.estimated 8.boost
Ⅲ 1.is comprised of 2.depends on 3.Being devoted to
4.Through intense effort 5.deep down 6.at heart
Ⅳ 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A
Ⅴ 1.B 2.C 3.F 4.A 5.E
Ⅵ 1.struggled 2.in 3.monitoring 4.is controlled 5.which/that
6.Known 7.dramatically 8.a 9.increasing 10.markets
