北京市顺义牛栏山第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 北京市顺义牛栏山第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题（含答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-09 18:39:44 | ||
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北京市顺义牛栏山第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期
9月月考英语试题
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Arriving in the U.K. for university, I was eager to join political science debates. In my first tutorial, I presented ideas on global inequality, but my stumbling speech and thick accent left others ___1___ —no one understood my points. I felt invisible, my voice lost in a haze of mispronunciations and awkward pauses.
This experience slowly weakened my confidence. I stopped speaking in class, convinced that my “broken English” was ___2___ of attention. One day, I heard a speech by Chimamanda Adichie, and a quote from it ___3___ me: staying silent allowed others to “define my story”. I promised to reclaim my voice—not by ___4___ my accent, but by mastering clarity. I carefully recorded each practice speech, adjusting tone and pace until my meaning ___5___ and sought feedback to prioritize structure over perfection. ___6___ , small signs of progress emerged: a classmate leaning in with a nod, and a tutor scribbling “excellent point” beside my name.
The turning point came during a debate on refugee (难民) policies. Hands trembling, I started to share my living experience in Lagos. The room fell ___7___ . When I finished, the tutor said, “That’s the ___8___ we’ve been missing”. For the first time, my words felt not like barriers, but bridges connecting diverse minds.
This journey taught me to own my narrative ___9___ . My accent is a part of my ____10____ , not a flaw to erase. Language, I’ve realized, requires the courage to share truth. In a world hungry for different voices, believing in the value of our own voices is the boldest act.
1. A. unfavorable B. unbelievable C. unsupportive D. unresponsive
2. A. incapable B. unworthy C. free D. typical
3. A. shocked B. confused C. pleased D. struck
4. A. exaggerating B. cultivating C. masking D. acquiring
5. A. cut in B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through
6. A. Gradually B. Randomly C. Punctually D. Regularly
7. A. dark B. empty C. silent D. still
8. A. lesson B. wisdom C. perspective D. opportunity
9. A. cautiously B. bravely C. skeptically D. attentively
10. A. identity B. personality C. advantage D. dignity
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
With nations preparing to spend billions to redesign their cities with a new focus on cycling, it’s worth remembering ____11____ the invention of the bicycle transformed the world. When the first safety bicycles, or modern-day bicycles, were invented in the late 19th century, a bicycle boom ____12____ (flood) the nation. The bicycle became the must-have transportation, which was lightweight, affordable and fast. With a bicycle, anything seemed possible, and ordinary people set off on many extraordinary ____13____ (journey). Also, as women deserted their burdensome skirts, bicycles gave them newfound freedom of movement.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The brain is the centre of the nervous system and controls most of the body’s activities. Interestingly, it is the back part of the brain that ___14___ (involve) with our vision. The sides of the brain govern memory, speech and rhythm. Although the brain amounts to only about 2% of total body ___15___ (weigh), it uses up to 20% of the body’s energy — more than any other organ. Scientists ___16___ (conduct) research in order to seek greater understanding of the brain, especially since the 1950s. Nevertheless, there is still a long way to go before we can completely understand the workings of this complex organ.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the South Pacific lies a peaceful paradise that may soon disappear. One of the world’s smallest and least-visited nations, Tuvalu (图瓦卢) has gained global attention for its fight against ___17___ (rise) seas. With its 26 square kilometers of land lying just 2 meters above sea level, Tuvalu’s existence is ___18___ threat. NASA scientists predict that by 2050 tides will have submerged (淹没) half of Funafuti, ___19___ most Tuvaluans live. Despite contributing little to climate change, Tuvalu suffers its worst effects. ___20___ (buy) time, Tuvalu is building sea walls and artificial land and has introduced salt-resistant crops and above-ground gardening. Tuvalu’s spirit remains strong despite the challenges. With global support and innovation, the island paradise can continue to exist.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
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At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language learning with advanced technology. Examples and dialogues are recorded with real native speakers instead of automatic computers. Lancom trains your brain to learn efficiently, so you absorb more information while in the app and continue learning outside of it. The app makes our practical language lessons available wherever and whenever. We work directly for our learners, not for any third party. And it’s all supported by an efficient customer service team, available through telephone, email and online chat.
Millions of learners have their own stories and their own reasons for learning a new language. Lancom cares about you and addresses your individual learning type. Lancom is the only product to offer courses tailored to your native language, building on grammar and words you already know. Our content is about real-life topics that are relevant because we know what matters to you is what sticks best. You will find it very rewarding to learn with Lancom.
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21. Who can provide Lancom with a huge potential for innovation in learning
A. Culture researchers. B. Language experts.
C. AI specialists. D. Art designers.
22. What lies at the core of the Lancom app
A. A flexible system. B. The informative content.
C. An effective approach. D. The brain-training technique.
23. Lancom claims that it is unique in its _________.
A. multiple languages B. service team
C. price policy D. personalised courses
B
With the invention of the interlocking plastic brick, a favorite toy of generations, LEGO was a poster child for business innovation—that is, until it wasn’t. From its establishment in the 1930s to its brush with bankruptcy in 2003 and its subsequent turnaround, LEGO tried every approach to managing innovation, some resulting in spectacular success and others in great failure.
“No innovation lasts forever, ” said David Robertson, author of Brick by Brick: How LEGO Rewrote the Rules of Innovation and Conquered the Global Toy Industry. “Sometimes you get hyper growth for a couple of years, sometimes you get steady growth for longer. But innovations run their course. ” Among the innovation lessons to be learned from those firms are that companies must have a variety of tools in the toolbox and don’t be afraid to use them, listen deeply to the customers, and prepare for a steady diet of continuous reinvention to remain relevant, even as an iconic brand. Just as David Robertson says, “Understand who your customer is, what they care about—that’s the way to think about innovation. ”
First, respect what made you great. LEGO learned that in a new digital landscape it was no longer enough to offer a box of plastic bricks—the brick had become a product. But the brick was still necessary, because that’s what customers expected of the brand. Through trial and error and a number of failed digital-only initiatives, LEGO discovered customers wanted digital experiences that enhanced core offerings, rather than replaced them. Centering innovation around the brick-based construction experience through new stories, games, and experiences is what drove customers back to the LEGO brand and returned the company to profitability.
Second, maintain a customer-centric development process. When the big box stores took over from its ecosystem of small toy stores, LEGO lost an important channel for getting reliable customer feedback. LEGO began to evolve product development practices to support design thinking principles, empowering experts to come up with ideas for new products based on that critical customer input. Today, LEGO regularly engages children in the process of character development, storytelling, and providing feedback on new playset ideas.
Third, develop a family of complementary innovations to distinguish yourself from competitors. Innovation leaders need to lean on a range of different approaches for innovation, since strategies will vary depending on the scenario (情景) and business goals. It’s important to nurture a culture that’s able to shift gears if traditional methods don’t deliver desired results.
24. According to the passage, what is the most important factor for Lego’s success
A. Reflecting the failures. B. Remaining an iconic brand.
C. Satisfying all kids’ needs. D. Fostering constant innovation.
25. As for the first lesson from Lego, which quote would the author agree with
A. Sometimes knowing where not to compete is just as important as knowing where to compete.
B. Far and away the best prize that life offers is the chance to work hard at work worth doing.
C. The only thing worse than starting something and failing is not starting something.
D Business opportunities are like buses—there’s always another one coming.
26. The word “complementary” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. competing. B. additional. C. welcome. D. technical.
C
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”
27. What do we know about the records of species collected now
A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form.
C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition.
28. What does Daru’s study focus on
A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens.
C Observational data. D. Mobile applications.
29. What has led to the biases according to the study
A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices.
30. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps
A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records.
C. Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.
D
The industrial revolution was one of the most important events in human history. Over a handful of decades, technological breakthroughs kicked economic output off its centuries-long low plateau and sent populations, living standards and life expectancy soaring. Yet for all its vital importance, there is still disagreement over why all this took off.
One of the most compelling arguments comes from US economic historian Robert Allen, who argues that Britain’s successes in commerce in the 16th and 17th centuries pushed wages up and energy costs down, creating strong incentives to substitute energy and capital for labor and to mechanize manufacturing processes. Others place greater emphasis on the role of UK institutions, while some argue that innovative ideas emerged as a result of increasing interactions among growing and densifying populations.
Another interesting theory is that of economic historian Joel Mokyr, who argues that it was broader cultural change that laid the groundwork for the industrial revolution. Prominent British thinkers including Francis Bacon and Isaac Newton championed a progress-oriented view of the world, centered on the idea that science and experimentation were key to increasing human wellbeing.
While persuasive, Mokyr’s theory has until recently been only that: a theory. But a fascinating paper published last month puts some evidence behind the argument. The researchers analyzed the contents of 173,031 books printed in England between 1500 and 1900, tracking how the frequency of different terms changed over time. They found a marked increase in the use of terms related to progress and innovation starting in the early 17th century.
Extending the same analysis to the present, a striking picture emerges: over the past 60 years the west has begun to shift away from the culture of progress, and towards one of caution, worry and risk-aversion, with economic growth slowing over the same period. The frequency of terms related to progress, improvement and the future has dropped by about 25 percent since the 1960s, while those related to threats, risks and worries have become several times more common. That simultaneous rise in language associated with caution could well be not a coincidence but an equal and opposite force acting against growth and progress.
Ruxandra Teslo, one of a growing community of progress-focused writers at the Nexus of science, economics and policy, argues that the growing skepticism around technology and the rise in zero-sum thinking in modern society is one of the defining ideological challenges of our time.
Some may counter that a rebalancing of priorities from perpetual advancement to caution is a good thing, but this could be a catastrophic mistake. As well as economic growth, the drive for progress brought us modern medicine, significantly longer and healthier lives, plentiful food supplies, dramatic reductions in poverty, and ever more and ever cheaper renewable energy. The challenges facing the modern world will be solved by more focus on progress, not less. If we are to avoid backsliding, advocates for innovation, growth and abundance must defeat the doomers.
31. What is suggested about the industrial revolution from the first two paragraphs
A. Its cause is a subject of ongoing scholarly debate.
B. Its progress triggered Britain’s institutional reforms.
C. Its success is mainly due to British economic policies.
D. Its innovations increased interactions among populations
32. Which of the following is true of Mokyr’s theory
A. It owes the industrial revolution to commercial success.
B. Its persuasiveness is supported by abundant evidence.
C. It stresses the role of cultural change in promoting progress.
D. Its focus is on the impact of science upon cultural change.
33. Ruxandra Teslo argues that modern society is ________.
A. increasingly focused on technological advances
B. prioritizing economic growth over science
C. struggling with technological skepticism
D. being shaped by multiple ideologies
34. What might be the best title for this article
A. The Industrial Revolution: Key Inventions and Economic Impact
B. Progress Culture: Its Role in History and Risks of Decline Today
C. Debating Technological Skepticism: Pros and Cons of Caution
D. How Economic Growth Slows: Analyzing 60 Years of Data
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eating meat is not a crime against the planet — if it’s done right.
I have huge admiration for George Monbiot, a well-known columnist. His work has highlighted the urgent need to reduce our CO2 emissions and switch to greener energy. He has also shown intensive farming’s (密集耕种) role in the dramatic levels of species decline and biodiversity loss. Much of what he writes is in line with my stand. ____35____
It is undeniable that the farming revolution of the 1950s has started a war on nature. These intensive ways of producing food are polluting our land and waterways. ____36____ We need to change the way we eat and produce food, and fast.
____37____ But in a recent article, he wrote that organic, pasture-fed beef and lamb are the “world’s most damaging farm products.” He criticizes “chefs and foodies” like me for focusing on regenerative grazing — farming that aims to repair, rebuild, revitalize and restore ecosystem function. His alternative vision includes a revolution in creating food in labs from microbes and water.
Although not opposed to the idea of lab-grown food, I am much more for small-scale community-driven farming. ____38____ Methods that regenerative farmers propose have shown how non-intensive livestock, when managed well, can increase topsoil more than previously thought, which can then build up biomass (carbon) and keep precious rainwater. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, small-scale farmers currently produce about a third of our food.
____39____ These inventions in new food technology are heavily patented, pushing the future of our food supply further into the hands of an increasingly small and powerful collection of multinational food players. In our race to look for better systems of food production, we cannot afford to ignore the risks.
A. Thus far Monbiot and I agree.
B. Monbiot’s enthusiasm for creating food in labs worries me.
C. That is because I believe in the potential of food to be a force for good.
D. Regenerative farming has produced untested food through small-scale farms.
E. The health impact of processed foods gets very little attention from the government.
F. In consequence, they have heated up our planet and contributed to a crisis in human health.
G. However, regarding the solutions needed to change our farming and food systems, we have different views.
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Anna Du was walking along the beach at Castle Island in South Boston when she noticed plastic scattered (散落) across the shoreline. She bent down to pick some up but quickly realized there were far too many tiny pieces to handle. “When I saw how much plastic there was, it seemed impossible to clean it all up, ” recalls Du, who was in sixth grade at the time. Instead of giving up, Du tackled the problem like any good scientist—starting with research. That’s how she discovered that 8 million tons of plastic end up in the oceans every year.
Inspired by her findings, Du decided to build a remote-operated vehicle (ROV) to detect microplastics on the ocean floor. Her ROV, made from PVC pipes, features two main systems: a navigation system and a detection system. The navigation system uses propellers and a combination of fishing weights and foam floats (lightweight materials that keep the device floating) to move up and down. The detection system, however, is the real innovation. It uses infrared cameras (红外相机) and light wavelengths to spot microplastics, making them stand out against sand and plants. Actually, the device doesn’t collect microplastics, but it identifies where they accumulate. Du has even applied for a patent on the Rov’s key components.
Faced with the challenge of locating ocean microplastics—unlike the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, these are not floating on the surface—she knew an ROV would be the most efficient tool. Taking water samples and analyzing them in a lab could never be done on the scale needed. Instead, she needed a mobile lab to detect plastics in-situ (在现场) .
Her ROV impressed many experts with its clever design. “She has an impressive engineering instinct, ” says Casey Mach Ado, an engineer at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. “Her ability to break down problems and create solutions is remarkable. ”
“I want to be an engineer because I love building things to help solve global problems, ” says Du. “But I’m not sure yet what kind of engineer I want to be. ” At her age, she has plenty of time to figure that out.
40. What did Anna Du notice when she was walking along the beach
____________________________________________________________________________________________
41 How does the detection system of ROV work
____________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Faced with the challenge of locating ocean microplastics, Anna Du thought it necessary to take water samples and analyze them in a lab.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
43. Among Anna Du’s qualities, which one (s) do you think will be important for us Why (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 得知你校上周举办主题为“未来校园”的科技创新大赛，你所在团队设计的作品在比赛中获奖。他对你表示祝贺，并询问相关情况。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 作品介绍及创作理由;
2. 获奖感受。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
牛栏山一中2025-2026学年度第一学期9月月考
英语试卷 2025. 9
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
A
【11~13题答案】
【答案】11. how
12. flooded
13. journeys
B
【14~16题答案】
【答案】14. is involved
15. weight 16. have conducted
C
【17~20题答案】
【答案】17. rising
18. under 19. where
20. To buy
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
B
【24~26题答案】
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B
C
【27~30题答案】
【答案】27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D
D
【31~34题答案】
【答案】31. A 32. C 33. C 34. B
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【35~39题答案】
【答案】35. G 36. F 37. A 38. C 39. B
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
【40~43题答案】
【答案】40. Plastic scattered across the shoreline.
41. It uses infrared cameras and light wavelengths to spot microplastics, making them stand out against sand and plants.
42. False part： take water samples and analyze them in a lab
43. Her problem-solving ability is crucial. When facing plastic pollution, she researched and built an innovative ROV instead of giving up. This shows how critical thinking and persistence help tackle real-world problems.
第二节 (20分)
【44题答案】
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thanks a lot for your warm congratulations! Our team created a “Green Campus Monitor” — a small device that tracks energy use in classrooms and sends alerts when lights or AC are left on. We designed it because we noticed much energy waste at school, and we wanted to make our campus more eco-friendly for the future.
The achievement means a lot to us. Winning the prize made us really excited, and it also encouraged us to keep using technology to solve more problems in school life.
I’ll share more photos of our device with you soon. It was great to hear from you!
Yours,
Li Hua
9月月考英语试题
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Arriving in the U.K. for university, I was eager to join political science debates. In my first tutorial, I presented ideas on global inequality, but my stumbling speech and thick accent left others ___1___ —no one understood my points. I felt invisible, my voice lost in a haze of mispronunciations and awkward pauses.
This experience slowly weakened my confidence. I stopped speaking in class, convinced that my “broken English” was ___2___ of attention. One day, I heard a speech by Chimamanda Adichie, and a quote from it ___3___ me: staying silent allowed others to “define my story”. I promised to reclaim my voice—not by ___4___ my accent, but by mastering clarity. I carefully recorded each practice speech, adjusting tone and pace until my meaning ___5___ and sought feedback to prioritize structure over perfection. ___6___ , small signs of progress emerged: a classmate leaning in with a nod, and a tutor scribbling “excellent point” beside my name.
The turning point came during a debate on refugee (难民) policies. Hands trembling, I started to share my living experience in Lagos. The room fell ___7___ . When I finished, the tutor said, “That’s the ___8___ we’ve been missing”. For the first time, my words felt not like barriers, but bridges connecting diverse minds.
This journey taught me to own my narrative ___9___ . My accent is a part of my ____10____ , not a flaw to erase. Language, I’ve realized, requires the courage to share truth. In a world hungry for different voices, believing in the value of our own voices is the boldest act.
1. A. unfavorable B. unbelievable C. unsupportive D. unresponsive
2. A. incapable B. unworthy C. free D. typical
3. A. shocked B. confused C. pleased D. struck
4. A. exaggerating B. cultivating C. masking D. acquiring
5. A. cut in B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through
6. A. Gradually B. Randomly C. Punctually D. Regularly
7. A. dark B. empty C. silent D. still
8. A. lesson B. wisdom C. perspective D. opportunity
9. A. cautiously B. bravely C. skeptically D. attentively
10. A. identity B. personality C. advantage D. dignity
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
With nations preparing to spend billions to redesign their cities with a new focus on cycling, it’s worth remembering ____11____ the invention of the bicycle transformed the world. When the first safety bicycles, or modern-day bicycles, were invented in the late 19th century, a bicycle boom ____12____ (flood) the nation. The bicycle became the must-have transportation, which was lightweight, affordable and fast. With a bicycle, anything seemed possible, and ordinary people set off on many extraordinary ____13____ (journey). Also, as women deserted their burdensome skirts, bicycles gave them newfound freedom of movement.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The brain is the centre of the nervous system and controls most of the body’s activities. Interestingly, it is the back part of the brain that ___14___ (involve) with our vision. The sides of the brain govern memory, speech and rhythm. Although the brain amounts to only about 2% of total body ___15___ (weigh), it uses up to 20% of the body’s energy — more than any other organ. Scientists ___16___ (conduct) research in order to seek greater understanding of the brain, especially since the 1950s. Nevertheless, there is still a long way to go before we can completely understand the workings of this complex organ.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the South Pacific lies a peaceful paradise that may soon disappear. One of the world’s smallest and least-visited nations, Tuvalu (图瓦卢) has gained global attention for its fight against ___17___ (rise) seas. With its 26 square kilometers of land lying just 2 meters above sea level, Tuvalu’s existence is ___18___ threat. NASA scientists predict that by 2050 tides will have submerged (淹没) half of Funafuti, ___19___ most Tuvaluans live. Despite contributing little to climate change, Tuvalu suffers its worst effects. ___20___ (buy) time, Tuvalu is building sea walls and artificial land and has introduced salt-resistant crops and above-ground gardening. Tuvalu’s spirit remains strong despite the challenges. With global support and innovation, the island paradise can continue to exist.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Lancom is a worldwide language learning app and a leader in the online language learning industry with millions of active subscribers. We house a broad range of experts united by the common goal of creating the best language learning tools possible. With advice from AI specialists, art designers and culture researchers, our multi-language experts endow (赋予) Lancom with an enormous potential for innovation within the world of language learning. Our courses, totaling 20, 000 hours of content in 20 different languages, guarantee you language skills you can use right away.
At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language learning with advanced technology. Examples and dialogues are recorded with real native speakers instead of automatic computers. Lancom trains your brain to learn efficiently, so you absorb more information while in the app and continue learning outside of it. The app makes our practical language lessons available wherever and whenever. We work directly for our learners, not for any third party. And it’s all supported by an efficient customer service team, available through telephone, email and online chat.
Millions of learners have their own stories and their own reasons for learning a new language. Lancom cares about you and addresses your individual learning type. Lancom is the only product to offer courses tailored to your native language, building on grammar and words you already know. Our content is about real-life topics that are relevant because we know what matters to you is what sticks best. You will find it very rewarding to learn with Lancom.
Choose Your Subscription and Get Started
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21. Who can provide Lancom with a huge potential for innovation in learning
A. Culture researchers. B. Language experts.
C. AI specialists. D. Art designers.
22. What lies at the core of the Lancom app
A. A flexible system. B. The informative content.
C. An effective approach. D. The brain-training technique.
23. Lancom claims that it is unique in its _________.
A. multiple languages B. service team
C. price policy D. personalised courses
B
With the invention of the interlocking plastic brick, a favorite toy of generations, LEGO was a poster child for business innovation—that is, until it wasn’t. From its establishment in the 1930s to its brush with bankruptcy in 2003 and its subsequent turnaround, LEGO tried every approach to managing innovation, some resulting in spectacular success and others in great failure.
“No innovation lasts forever, ” said David Robertson, author of Brick by Brick: How LEGO Rewrote the Rules of Innovation and Conquered the Global Toy Industry. “Sometimes you get hyper growth for a couple of years, sometimes you get steady growth for longer. But innovations run their course. ” Among the innovation lessons to be learned from those firms are that companies must have a variety of tools in the toolbox and don’t be afraid to use them, listen deeply to the customers, and prepare for a steady diet of continuous reinvention to remain relevant, even as an iconic brand. Just as David Robertson says, “Understand who your customer is, what they care about—that’s the way to think about innovation. ”
First, respect what made you great. LEGO learned that in a new digital landscape it was no longer enough to offer a box of plastic bricks—the brick had become a product. But the brick was still necessary, because that’s what customers expected of the brand. Through trial and error and a number of failed digital-only initiatives, LEGO discovered customers wanted digital experiences that enhanced core offerings, rather than replaced them. Centering innovation around the brick-based construction experience through new stories, games, and experiences is what drove customers back to the LEGO brand and returned the company to profitability.
Second, maintain a customer-centric development process. When the big box stores took over from its ecosystem of small toy stores, LEGO lost an important channel for getting reliable customer feedback. LEGO began to evolve product development practices to support design thinking principles, empowering experts to come up with ideas for new products based on that critical customer input. Today, LEGO regularly engages children in the process of character development, storytelling, and providing feedback on new playset ideas.
Third, develop a family of complementary innovations to distinguish yourself from competitors. Innovation leaders need to lean on a range of different approaches for innovation, since strategies will vary depending on the scenario (情景) and business goals. It’s important to nurture a culture that’s able to shift gears if traditional methods don’t deliver desired results.
24. According to the passage, what is the most important factor for Lego’s success
A. Reflecting the failures. B. Remaining an iconic brand.
C. Satisfying all kids’ needs. D. Fostering constant innovation.
25. As for the first lesson from Lego, which quote would the author agree with
A. Sometimes knowing where not to compete is just as important as knowing where to compete.
B. Far and away the best prize that life offers is the chance to work hard at work worth doing.
C. The only thing worse than starting something and failing is not starting something.
D Business opportunities are like buses—there’s always another one coming.
26. The word “complementary” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. competing. B. additional. C. welcome. D. technical.
C
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”
27. What do we know about the records of species collected now
A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form.
C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition.
28. What does Daru’s study focus on
A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens.
C Observational data. D. Mobile applications.
29. What has led to the biases according to the study
A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices.
30. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps
A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records.
C. Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.
D
The industrial revolution was one of the most important events in human history. Over a handful of decades, technological breakthroughs kicked economic output off its centuries-long low plateau and sent populations, living standards and life expectancy soaring. Yet for all its vital importance, there is still disagreement over why all this took off.
One of the most compelling arguments comes from US economic historian Robert Allen, who argues that Britain’s successes in commerce in the 16th and 17th centuries pushed wages up and energy costs down, creating strong incentives to substitute energy and capital for labor and to mechanize manufacturing processes. Others place greater emphasis on the role of UK institutions, while some argue that innovative ideas emerged as a result of increasing interactions among growing and densifying populations.
Another interesting theory is that of economic historian Joel Mokyr, who argues that it was broader cultural change that laid the groundwork for the industrial revolution. Prominent British thinkers including Francis Bacon and Isaac Newton championed a progress-oriented view of the world, centered on the idea that science and experimentation were key to increasing human wellbeing.
While persuasive, Mokyr’s theory has until recently been only that: a theory. But a fascinating paper published last month puts some evidence behind the argument. The researchers analyzed the contents of 173,031 books printed in England between 1500 and 1900, tracking how the frequency of different terms changed over time. They found a marked increase in the use of terms related to progress and innovation starting in the early 17th century.
Extending the same analysis to the present, a striking picture emerges: over the past 60 years the west has begun to shift away from the culture of progress, and towards one of caution, worry and risk-aversion, with economic growth slowing over the same period. The frequency of terms related to progress, improvement and the future has dropped by about 25 percent since the 1960s, while those related to threats, risks and worries have become several times more common. That simultaneous rise in language associated with caution could well be not a coincidence but an equal and opposite force acting against growth and progress.
Ruxandra Teslo, one of a growing community of progress-focused writers at the Nexus of science, economics and policy, argues that the growing skepticism around technology and the rise in zero-sum thinking in modern society is one of the defining ideological challenges of our time.
Some may counter that a rebalancing of priorities from perpetual advancement to caution is a good thing, but this could be a catastrophic mistake. As well as economic growth, the drive for progress brought us modern medicine, significantly longer and healthier lives, plentiful food supplies, dramatic reductions in poverty, and ever more and ever cheaper renewable energy. The challenges facing the modern world will be solved by more focus on progress, not less. If we are to avoid backsliding, advocates for innovation, growth and abundance must defeat the doomers.
31. What is suggested about the industrial revolution from the first two paragraphs
A. Its cause is a subject of ongoing scholarly debate.
B. Its progress triggered Britain’s institutional reforms.
C. Its success is mainly due to British economic policies.
D. Its innovations increased interactions among populations
32. Which of the following is true of Mokyr’s theory
A. It owes the industrial revolution to commercial success.
B. Its persuasiveness is supported by abundant evidence.
C. It stresses the role of cultural change in promoting progress.
D. Its focus is on the impact of science upon cultural change.
33. Ruxandra Teslo argues that modern society is ________.
A. increasingly focused on technological advances
B. prioritizing economic growth over science
C. struggling with technological skepticism
D. being shaped by multiple ideologies
34. What might be the best title for this article
A. The Industrial Revolution: Key Inventions and Economic Impact
B. Progress Culture: Its Role in History and Risks of Decline Today
C. Debating Technological Skepticism: Pros and Cons of Caution
D. How Economic Growth Slows: Analyzing 60 Years of Data
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eating meat is not a crime against the planet — if it’s done right.
I have huge admiration for George Monbiot, a well-known columnist. His work has highlighted the urgent need to reduce our CO2 emissions and switch to greener energy. He has also shown intensive farming’s (密集耕种) role in the dramatic levels of species decline and biodiversity loss. Much of what he writes is in line with my stand. ____35____
It is undeniable that the farming revolution of the 1950s has started a war on nature. These intensive ways of producing food are polluting our land and waterways. ____36____ We need to change the way we eat and produce food, and fast.
____37____ But in a recent article, he wrote that organic, pasture-fed beef and lamb are the “world’s most damaging farm products.” He criticizes “chefs and foodies” like me for focusing on regenerative grazing — farming that aims to repair, rebuild, revitalize and restore ecosystem function. His alternative vision includes a revolution in creating food in labs from microbes and water.
Although not opposed to the idea of lab-grown food, I am much more for small-scale community-driven farming. ____38____ Methods that regenerative farmers propose have shown how non-intensive livestock, when managed well, can increase topsoil more than previously thought, which can then build up biomass (carbon) and keep precious rainwater. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, small-scale farmers currently produce about a third of our food.
____39____ These inventions in new food technology are heavily patented, pushing the future of our food supply further into the hands of an increasingly small and powerful collection of multinational food players. In our race to look for better systems of food production, we cannot afford to ignore the risks.
A. Thus far Monbiot and I agree.
B. Monbiot’s enthusiasm for creating food in labs worries me.
C. That is because I believe in the potential of food to be a force for good.
D. Regenerative farming has produced untested food through small-scale farms.
E. The health impact of processed foods gets very little attention from the government.
F. In consequence, they have heated up our planet and contributed to a crisis in human health.
G. However, regarding the solutions needed to change our farming and food systems, we have different views.
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Anna Du was walking along the beach at Castle Island in South Boston when she noticed plastic scattered (散落) across the shoreline. She bent down to pick some up but quickly realized there were far too many tiny pieces to handle. “When I saw how much plastic there was, it seemed impossible to clean it all up, ” recalls Du, who was in sixth grade at the time. Instead of giving up, Du tackled the problem like any good scientist—starting with research. That’s how she discovered that 8 million tons of plastic end up in the oceans every year.
Inspired by her findings, Du decided to build a remote-operated vehicle (ROV) to detect microplastics on the ocean floor. Her ROV, made from PVC pipes, features two main systems: a navigation system and a detection system. The navigation system uses propellers and a combination of fishing weights and foam floats (lightweight materials that keep the device floating) to move up and down. The detection system, however, is the real innovation. It uses infrared cameras (红外相机) and light wavelengths to spot microplastics, making them stand out against sand and plants. Actually, the device doesn’t collect microplastics, but it identifies where they accumulate. Du has even applied for a patent on the Rov’s key components.
Faced with the challenge of locating ocean microplastics—unlike the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, these are not floating on the surface—she knew an ROV would be the most efficient tool. Taking water samples and analyzing them in a lab could never be done on the scale needed. Instead, she needed a mobile lab to detect plastics in-situ (在现场) .
Her ROV impressed many experts with its clever design. “She has an impressive engineering instinct, ” says Casey Mach Ado, an engineer at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. “Her ability to break down problems and create solutions is remarkable. ”
“I want to be an engineer because I love building things to help solve global problems, ” says Du. “But I’m not sure yet what kind of engineer I want to be. ” At her age, she has plenty of time to figure that out.
40. What did Anna Du notice when she was walking along the beach
____________________________________________________________________________________________
41 How does the detection system of ROV work
____________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Faced with the challenge of locating ocean microplastics, Anna Du thought it necessary to take water samples and analyze them in a lab.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
43. Among Anna Du’s qualities, which one (s) do you think will be important for us Why (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 得知你校上周举办主题为“未来校园”的科技创新大赛，你所在团队设计的作品在比赛中获奖。他对你表示祝贺，并询问相关情况。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 作品介绍及创作理由;
2. 获奖感受。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
牛栏山一中2025-2026学年度第一学期9月月考
英语试卷 2025. 9
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
A
【11~13题答案】
【答案】11. how
12. flooded
13. journeys
B
【14~16题答案】
【答案】14. is involved
15. weight 16. have conducted
C
【17~20题答案】
【答案】17. rising
18. under 19. where
20. To buy
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
B
【24~26题答案】
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B
C
【27~30题答案】
【答案】27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D
D
【31~34题答案】
【答案】31. A 32. C 33. C 34. B
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【35~39题答案】
【答案】35. G 36. F 37. A 38. C 39. B
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
【40~43题答案】
【答案】40. Plastic scattered across the shoreline.
41. It uses infrared cameras and light wavelengths to spot microplastics, making them stand out against sand and plants.
42. False part： take water samples and analyze them in a lab
43. Her problem-solving ability is crucial. When facing plastic pollution, she researched and built an innovative ROV instead of giving up. This shows how critical thinking and persistence help tackle real-world problems.
第二节 (20分)
【44题答案】
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thanks a lot for your warm congratulations! Our team created a “Green Campus Monitor” — a small device that tracks energy use in classrooms and sends alerts when lights or AC are left on. We designed it because we noticed much energy waste at school, and we wanted to make our campus more eco-friendly for the future.
The achievement means a lot to us. Winning the prize made us really excited, and it also encouraged us to keep using technology to solve more problems in school life.
I’ll share more photos of our device with you soon. It was great to hear from you!
Yours,
Li Hua
同课章节目录