河北省廊坊贺阳高级中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 河北省廊坊贺阳高级中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 30.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-09 18:54:54 | ||
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绝密★启用前
2024—2025学年度高二英语上学期开学考试
考试范围：暑期衔接 考试时间：120分钟 总分：120
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Children’s Art Competitions
Campus Art Competition
This global competition invites students aged 3-19 from hundreds of schools to create artworks in various media to explore the theme (主题) “Campus Life”. The deadline for entries is July 31, 2024. Amazon voucher (消费券) prizes range from 20 to 100 for individual, pair. and class winners. Each school can hand in up to ten entries.
Tabernacle Art Competition
Held annually (一年一次地) at MOMA Machynlleth in Wales, it challenges artists to hand in a new piece inspired by the theme “On a Windy Day”. Two age groups — ages 12-17 and under 11. Entries close on June 14, 2024, with cash prizes of 100 for the older group and 50 for the younger group. There is a 5 entry fee for those under 18.
Ocean Awareness Competition
Now in its 13th year, this U. S. -based competition aims to address the climate problems through art created by 11-18-year-olds worldwide. The deadline to enter is June 10, 2024. Cash prizes range from 1, 000 for Gold to 100 for Honorable Mention. The theme for 2024 is “Tell Your Climate Story”, encouraging children to share their personal experiences and insights about the changing climate.
Flair Open Art Prize
It is an opportunity for 13-16-year-olds in the UK to express their identity through art. The theme, “Identity”, encourages exploration of “Who am I ” and “This is Me. ” Entries can be paintings or photographs. Winners will be awarded a Macbook Pro. Children must hand in a photo of their artwork and a short statement explaining its significance. The deadline is to be announced.
1. Which competition offers the highest cash prize valued at 100
A. Campus Art Competition. B. Tabernacle Art Competition.
C. Ocean Awareness Competition. D. Flair Open Art Prize.
2. What is special about the Flair Open Art Prize
A. It includes two age groups. B. Its deadline for entries is unknown.
C It belongs to a global competition. D. It is hosted annually in the United States.
3. What is the common requirement for the four art competitions
A. Entry fee should be paid. B. A written statement is needed.
C. A specific theme must be followed. D. The artworks must be delivered in person.
B
When I lived in Prague in the Czech Republic, I often took weekend trips to explore the countryside of neighboring cities. One particular weekend, I took a three-hour bus ride to visit a nearby city. Before I got off the bus, I checked the schedule for the time to return to Prague; I was only planning a day trip and did not intend to stay overnight.
After a delightful day of sightseeing, I made my way to the bus station to catch the 6:15 bus back to Prague. However, upon reaching the station, I discovered there was no queue for the bus. Despite the language barrier, I managed to gather from gestures and expressions that the last bus of the day had already left at 5:15. This caused a serious problem for me.
About a month earlier, I had fallen victim to a pickpocketing (扒窃) incident, losing around 8100. To prevent a similar occurrence, I only caried enough cash to cover my daily expenses. With only 9 crowns left in my pocket, I thought if no hotel charged less than 9 crowns, spending the night on a park bench would be my only choice — an uncomfortable idea for a man in his late 60s.
After careful consideration, I went into a hotel to try my luck. Naturally, I assumed it would cost more than 9 crowns. I approached the manager, shared my story with her, and made a request. I proposed that if I could spend the night there, I would give her 9 crowns as payment and mail the remaining amount to her the next day. To my great surprise, the manager said I was welcome to stay, and that she would accept what I had in my pocket as the full payment for a room. Additionally, she offered me a nice meal for free.
Eventually, I spent the night in a clean and tastefully decorated room, not on a cold, hard park bench. Upon my return to Prague, I wrote the manager a note of thanks for her kindness. She reminded me that kindness is an international characteristic, and has no boundaries (边界) .
4. What was the author’s original plan for his weekend trip
A. Exploring rural transportation tools. B. Going one-day countryside sightseeing.
C. Practicing speaking the Czech language. D. Enjoying local food and accommodation.
5. What problem did the author meet with during his trip
A. Having his money stolen. B. Failing to find a good hotel.
C. Missing the last return bus. D. Finding it difficult to communicate.
6. What might the author think of the manager of the hotel
A. Open-minded and sociable. B. Optimistic and confident.
C. Generous and considerate. D. Hard-working and responsible.
7. What lesson can we possibly learn from the author’s experience
A. Who laughs last laughs best. B. What goes around comes around
C. Emergencies come in all forms and times. D. Kindness goes beyond cultural boundaries.
C
As Earth’s climate continues to change, a plant’s ability to adapt to its changing environment is important to its survival. Often, to stay alive, a plant must move locations by releasing its seeds, but plants are rooted in the ground and cannot move themselves. Instead, they are dependent on animals or the wind to carry their seeds to a new location.
Playing an essential part in an ecosystem (生态系统), plants create resources like food and medicine for us human beings. A team of researchers developed the model to better understand how plants can stay resiliency (韧性) when facing challenges like climate change.
“Once seeds are released from a plant, we wanted to know how far they can go because as wind conditions shake, the seeds will be moved around differently because of various weights, sizes, and shapes,” says Binbin Wang, an assistant professor at the University of Missouri.
Changes in one part of the ecosystem can create a “snowball effect” on other parts. That’s why understanding seed spread is important. Plants can only make this move once during their life — as a seed says Lauren Sullivan, an assistant professor at Michigan State University.
“Understanding how plants move as seeds year-round is important for us to analyze how they’ll be able to handle climate change,” Sullivan says. “This movement is also important for how we can increase diversity (多样性) in the ecosystem.” “We’re now able to partner with researchers. This innovative approach can help us develop accurate models that are simple enough to make good predictions in a short time.”
The model, which makes predictions based on seed and plant type, plant height, and wind speed, can develop an entire year’s worth of predictive data in just one or two days. As part of their future work, the team will develop educational programming for K-12 and college students. For example, they will provide opportunities for college students to explore how different disciplines, such as agriculture, biological sciences, and engineering, can work together to solve different real-world problems.
8. Why did the researchers develop the model
A. To learn how plants handle challenges like climate change.
B. To find out what helps seeds travel to different places.
C To study the effects climate change has on plants.
D. To create more food and medicine resources.
9. Which of the following may not influence how far a seed can travel according to Binbin Wang
A. Its weight. B. Its location. C. Its size. D. Its shape.
10. What can we learn about the “movement” of plants from paragraph 4 and 5
A. It is caused by the change of the climate.
B. It can happen during the whole life of a plant.
C. It has an effect on other parts of the ecosystem.
D. It’s hard to be predicted for the diversity of ecosystem.
11. What do the researchers plan to do next
A. Explore different disciplines for college students.
B. Work together to solve different real-world problems.
C. Develop educational programming for students to explore.
D. Make valuable predictions about the type and height of the plants.
D
A tiny crack (裂缝) grew in a very small piece of metal when placed under repetitive stretching. The experiment, designed to study crack growth, continued as predicted for a while. But then, something unexpected happened. The crack stopped growing and instead began to get shorter, effectively “healing (愈合)” itself. This incredible observation was made by a group of researchers at Sandia National Laboratories. The findings were recently published in the journal Nature.
It would be reasonable to think, prior to this discovery, that self-healing metal was something that could only be found in science fiction. However, Dr. Michael Demkowicz, a professor in Texas A&M University’s materials science and engineering department and co-author of the recent study, held no such assumptions.
Ten years ago, while an assistant professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s materials science and engineering department, Demkowicz and his student predicted self-healing in metals. “We didn’t set out to find healing. My student, Guoxiang Xu, was doing experiments on fracture (断裂),” Demkowicz said. “We accidentally observed healing in one of his experiments and decided to follow up.” Then, just like now, the results in 2013 were surprising.
Both the 2013 models and the recent experiment used nanocrystalline (纳米晶体) metals, which make studying self-healing easier because their small grain size allows for more microstructural features that even small cracks can interact with. Demkowicz said that these features are common in many metals. One condition common to both the 2013 theory and the recent experiment is that both were conducted in vacuum environments without foreign matter. Such outside matter could influence crack surfaces’ ability to bond back together.
Even with this limitation, applications could still be possible for space faring technology or internal cracks that are not exposed to outside air. “The main impact of the current work is to move the original theoretical prediction off the drawing board and show that it occurs in reality,” Demkowicz said. Potential applications of this work could vary widely. Demkowicz suggests that self-healing could be possible in conventional metals with larger grain sizes, but future investigations will be needed.
12. What was the recent experiment aimed at
A. Challenging a former mistaken theory. B. Learning about crack growth in metals.
C. Proving what happens in science fiction. D. Studying the uses of various metals.
13. How does the author develop the fourth paragraph
A. By listing examples. B. By analyzing causes.
C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting ideas.
14. What is Demkowicz’s suggestion
A. Constantly changing the research environment.
B. Paying much attention to the original theories.
C. Learning drawing skills from different masters.
D. Further researching the metals with larger grain sizes.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Scientists Were Shocked by Self-Healing in Metals
B. Personal Achievements of Dr. Michael Demkowicz
C. The Latest Developments in Science and Technology
D. The New Applications of Metals Were Found by Scientists
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Learning English can be hard, but don’t give up! With enough practice and right ways, you can learn the language well. ____16____.
Watch movies and TV shows in English. ____17____. This will make it more fun, which will help you actually learn English. However, you should avoid watching movies or television shows with subtitles (字幕) in your native language — they will take your attention away and you will be less likely to learn English from it.
Read a book, newspaper or magazine in English. ____18____. Find something you like — whether that’s a famous English novel or a fashion magazine — and read it. Try to understand what you’re reading. Mark words that you don’t know, and look them up in the dictionary.
____19____. Aside from reading and listening in English, you should also spend some time improving your written English skills. Writing in English will help you to work on your sentence structure (句型), grammar and spelling. Try keeping an English diary where you write down a few sentences every day. It doesn’t have to be personal — you could write about the weather, or what you ate for dinner.
Find a pen-pal (笔友) who is a native English speaker. Once your written English has improved, you could consider getting an English-speaking pen-pal! Your pen-pal could be a native English speaker who wants to practice their foreign language skills by writing to you in your native language. Meanwhile you can talk with your pen-pal in English. ____20____.
A. Keep a diary in English
B. Here are some tips for you
C. Develop good speaking and writing skills
D. Studying a language is not just for your future
E. Reading is a great way to improve your English
F. In this way you can learn more about each other
G. Try to pick movies or TV shows that you will enjoy
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
My mother turned ninety. I knew I needed to find a senior ___21___ center. Not for her — for me. If I were at her age, I would want to stay in shape to ___22___ life, getting a lot of pleasure. Yes, walking in local parks was my ___23___, but I wasn’t so active as before.
I called a nearby center, “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes ___24___ for seniors ” “e and check us out! We start at 10 am,” the receptionist (接待员) replied and ___25___. The next morning, I went there. One part of me was ___26___ that the class was too easy, not doing me any good. The other part feared it was too hard for me to ___27___.
When I came into the room, a woman ___28___ me, “Oh, you’re new. Welcome.” Then the music started. The hour-long workout woke up the muscles I didn’t often ___29___ in daily walks, suiting me fine. I became a member there. My classmates ranged in age from fifty to ninety. Most gave the exercises their own ______30______, doing as much or little as they could. ______31______ no one kept score. Soon I learned physical well-being wasn’t the only ______32______ there. During breaks, people chatted happily. Whenever some people were ______33______ we asked around. Were they busy Were they in hospital Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill.
I ______34______ to be in good shape now as I’ve hoped. Still, I’m grateful for things more valuable from the class — close friendships and new social ______35______.
21. A. leisure B. fitness C. community D. learning
22. A. change B. remember C. wait D. enjoy
23. A. exercise B. aim C. challenge D. plan
24. A. attached B. familiar C. suitable D. important
25. A. comforted B. invited C. promised D. welcomed
26. A. sure B. disappointed C. anxious D. hopeful
27. A. make up for B. look down on C. get down to D. keep up with
28. A. greeted B. recognized C. helped D. introduced
29. A. relax B. pull C. work D. use
30. A. acceptance B. agreement C. understanding D. conclusion
31. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Naturally D. Surprisingly
32. A. problem B. contribution C. standard D. focus
33 A. lonely B. absent C. unhappy D. tired
34. A. fail B. manage C. try D. continue
35. A. backgrounds B. connections C. skills D. duties
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A statue of Petofi stands in the square in front of Lu Xun Museum in Shanghai, ____36____ (welcome) millions of visitors for the traditional friendship between China and Hungary. ____37____time went by, there was an increasing interest in learning the Chinese language in Hungary.
A 19-year-old Hungary girl, Varge Bonita, ____38____ Chinese name is Hu Lingyue, traveled thousands of miles to the East and settled down in Beijing for her university life in the hope of knowing more about China. She ____39____(fall) in love with Chinese, a language with “____40____ special tone and beautiful handwriting” when she began to first hear Chinese at the age of seven. For her, learning Chinese is not just about mastering a language, but providing access____41____ Chinese history of 5,000 years with so many interesting aspects. With the____42____(popular) of Chinese in Hungary, signs in Chinese have been more and more____43____ (common) spotted in streets and Chinese characters are most likely to____44____(see) on bus tickets selling machines.
Cultural exchanges and mutual learning between China and Hungary have brought people closer and closer. The horizon is vast. There are____45____ (end) possibilities which have not been explored.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Noah正在策划一项主题为“探寻中国文化(Exploring Chinese Culture)”的课外活动。他给你写信想征询你的建议，请你给他回一封信，内容包括：
1．活动建议及理由；
2．鼓励与祝愿。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write.
He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again “WRITING COMPETITION!” His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.
As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.
Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story.
The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed at how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet.
Then he heard the call from his mother saying it was time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost thinking about a topic to write about. Finally, he finished. The word count then read “498”.
“Perfect,” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win.
He searched for the competition online. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button. Confused, he then re-read the page again. It read “COMPETITION CLOSED”.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150词左右；
2. 续写部分的开头语已为你写好。
After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the competition on the website. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
His mother came up and comforted him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
绝密★启用前
2024—2025学年度高二英语上学期开学考试
考试范围：暑期衔接 考试时间：120分钟 总分：120
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
B
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
C
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. C
D
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
【16~20题答案】
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. F
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【36~45题答案】
【答案】36. welcoming
37. As 38. whose
39. fell 40. a
41. to 42. popularity
monly
44. be seen
45. endless
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
【46题答案】
【答案】Dear Noah,
I’m glad to hear about your plan. I suggest you hold a Chinese culture exhibition. You can display traditional Chinese artworks like calligraphy and paintings, which can let students directly appreciate the beauty of Chinese culture. Also, inviting a Chinese teacher to give a lecture on Chinese history and philosophy would be great. This way, they can have a deeper understanding. Additionally, you could set up a section where students can try out traditional Chinese handicrafts such as paper-cutting and making Chinese knots.
I believe this activity will be a huge success. Wish you all the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
【47题答案】
【答案】 After a few seconds the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the competition on the website. Hardly had he opened the webpage when the capitalized letters COMPETITION CLOSED leapt into his eyes again. How could that be The deadline was a week away. “No!!!” silent screams exploded inside him. He rubbed his eyes, got closer to the screen and fixed his eyes on the letters. The cruel capitalized letters just stood out as if naughtily winking at him. Unwilling though he was, he was forced to accept the irreversible fact that the competition had closed. Noticing Mom leaning against his room door gazing at him with affection, he couldn’t fight back tears of grievance, bursting out crying loudly.
His mother came up and comforted him. “Dear, it’s OK. You’ve written an award-winning story which is original and imaginative. That’s the biggest gain in the process.” Mom said gently, patting him on the shoulder. Mom’s heartwarming comfort dispersed his shame, but still he regretted, “Mom, I should have started earlier and met the deadline! All my efforts have gone to waste.” As he recollected the struggle in choosing the topic and writing the imaginative story, mom wiped his tears, ruffled his hair and asked him to go to bed. Tossing and turning in bed, he was drawn to the fact that less procrastination, more satisfaction.
2024—2025学年度高二英语上学期开学考试
考试范围：暑期衔接 考试时间：120分钟 总分：120
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Children’s Art Competitions
Campus Art Competition
This global competition invites students aged 3-19 from hundreds of schools to create artworks in various media to explore the theme (主题) “Campus Life”. The deadline for entries is July 31, 2024. Amazon voucher (消费券) prizes range from 20 to 100 for individual, pair. and class winners. Each school can hand in up to ten entries.
Tabernacle Art Competition
Held annually (一年一次地) at MOMA Machynlleth in Wales, it challenges artists to hand in a new piece inspired by the theme “On a Windy Day”. Two age groups — ages 12-17 and under 11. Entries close on June 14, 2024, with cash prizes of 100 for the older group and 50 for the younger group. There is a 5 entry fee for those under 18.
Ocean Awareness Competition
Now in its 13th year, this U. S. -based competition aims to address the climate problems through art created by 11-18-year-olds worldwide. The deadline to enter is June 10, 2024. Cash prizes range from 1, 000 for Gold to 100 for Honorable Mention. The theme for 2024 is “Tell Your Climate Story”, encouraging children to share their personal experiences and insights about the changing climate.
Flair Open Art Prize
It is an opportunity for 13-16-year-olds in the UK to express their identity through art. The theme, “Identity”, encourages exploration of “Who am I ” and “This is Me. ” Entries can be paintings or photographs. Winners will be awarded a Macbook Pro. Children must hand in a photo of their artwork and a short statement explaining its significance. The deadline is to be announced.
1. Which competition offers the highest cash prize valued at 100
A. Campus Art Competition. B. Tabernacle Art Competition.
C. Ocean Awareness Competition. D. Flair Open Art Prize.
2. What is special about the Flair Open Art Prize
A. It includes two age groups. B. Its deadline for entries is unknown.
C It belongs to a global competition. D. It is hosted annually in the United States.
3. What is the common requirement for the four art competitions
A. Entry fee should be paid. B. A written statement is needed.
C. A specific theme must be followed. D. The artworks must be delivered in person.
B
When I lived in Prague in the Czech Republic, I often took weekend trips to explore the countryside of neighboring cities. One particular weekend, I took a three-hour bus ride to visit a nearby city. Before I got off the bus, I checked the schedule for the time to return to Prague; I was only planning a day trip and did not intend to stay overnight.
After a delightful day of sightseeing, I made my way to the bus station to catch the 6:15 bus back to Prague. However, upon reaching the station, I discovered there was no queue for the bus. Despite the language barrier, I managed to gather from gestures and expressions that the last bus of the day had already left at 5:15. This caused a serious problem for me.
About a month earlier, I had fallen victim to a pickpocketing (扒窃) incident, losing around 8100. To prevent a similar occurrence, I only caried enough cash to cover my daily expenses. With only 9 crowns left in my pocket, I thought if no hotel charged less than 9 crowns, spending the night on a park bench would be my only choice — an uncomfortable idea for a man in his late 60s.
After careful consideration, I went into a hotel to try my luck. Naturally, I assumed it would cost more than 9 crowns. I approached the manager, shared my story with her, and made a request. I proposed that if I could spend the night there, I would give her 9 crowns as payment and mail the remaining amount to her the next day. To my great surprise, the manager said I was welcome to stay, and that she would accept what I had in my pocket as the full payment for a room. Additionally, she offered me a nice meal for free.
Eventually, I spent the night in a clean and tastefully decorated room, not on a cold, hard park bench. Upon my return to Prague, I wrote the manager a note of thanks for her kindness. She reminded me that kindness is an international characteristic, and has no boundaries (边界) .
4. What was the author’s original plan for his weekend trip
A. Exploring rural transportation tools. B. Going one-day countryside sightseeing.
C. Practicing speaking the Czech language. D. Enjoying local food and accommodation.
5. What problem did the author meet with during his trip
A. Having his money stolen. B. Failing to find a good hotel.
C. Missing the last return bus. D. Finding it difficult to communicate.
6. What might the author think of the manager of the hotel
A. Open-minded and sociable. B. Optimistic and confident.
C. Generous and considerate. D. Hard-working and responsible.
7. What lesson can we possibly learn from the author’s experience
A. Who laughs last laughs best. B. What goes around comes around
C. Emergencies come in all forms and times. D. Kindness goes beyond cultural boundaries.
C
As Earth’s climate continues to change, a plant’s ability to adapt to its changing environment is important to its survival. Often, to stay alive, a plant must move locations by releasing its seeds, but plants are rooted in the ground and cannot move themselves. Instead, they are dependent on animals or the wind to carry their seeds to a new location.
Playing an essential part in an ecosystem (生态系统), plants create resources like food and medicine for us human beings. A team of researchers developed the model to better understand how plants can stay resiliency (韧性) when facing challenges like climate change.
“Once seeds are released from a plant, we wanted to know how far they can go because as wind conditions shake, the seeds will be moved around differently because of various weights, sizes, and shapes,” says Binbin Wang, an assistant professor at the University of Missouri.
Changes in one part of the ecosystem can create a “snowball effect” on other parts. That’s why understanding seed spread is important. Plants can only make this move once during their life — as a seed says Lauren Sullivan, an assistant professor at Michigan State University.
“Understanding how plants move as seeds year-round is important for us to analyze how they’ll be able to handle climate change,” Sullivan says. “This movement is also important for how we can increase diversity (多样性) in the ecosystem.” “We’re now able to partner with researchers. This innovative approach can help us develop accurate models that are simple enough to make good predictions in a short time.”
The model, which makes predictions based on seed and plant type, plant height, and wind speed, can develop an entire year’s worth of predictive data in just one or two days. As part of their future work, the team will develop educational programming for K-12 and college students. For example, they will provide opportunities for college students to explore how different disciplines, such as agriculture, biological sciences, and engineering, can work together to solve different real-world problems.
8. Why did the researchers develop the model
A. To learn how plants handle challenges like climate change.
B. To find out what helps seeds travel to different places.
C To study the effects climate change has on plants.
D. To create more food and medicine resources.
9. Which of the following may not influence how far a seed can travel according to Binbin Wang
A. Its weight. B. Its location. C. Its size. D. Its shape.
10. What can we learn about the “movement” of plants from paragraph 4 and 5
A. It is caused by the change of the climate.
B. It can happen during the whole life of a plant.
C. It has an effect on other parts of the ecosystem.
D. It’s hard to be predicted for the diversity of ecosystem.
11. What do the researchers plan to do next
A. Explore different disciplines for college students.
B. Work together to solve different real-world problems.
C. Develop educational programming for students to explore.
D. Make valuable predictions about the type and height of the plants.
D
A tiny crack (裂缝) grew in a very small piece of metal when placed under repetitive stretching. The experiment, designed to study crack growth, continued as predicted for a while. But then, something unexpected happened. The crack stopped growing and instead began to get shorter, effectively “healing (愈合)” itself. This incredible observation was made by a group of researchers at Sandia National Laboratories. The findings were recently published in the journal Nature.
It would be reasonable to think, prior to this discovery, that self-healing metal was something that could only be found in science fiction. However, Dr. Michael Demkowicz, a professor in Texas A&M University’s materials science and engineering department and co-author of the recent study, held no such assumptions.
Ten years ago, while an assistant professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s materials science and engineering department, Demkowicz and his student predicted self-healing in metals. “We didn’t set out to find healing. My student, Guoxiang Xu, was doing experiments on fracture (断裂),” Demkowicz said. “We accidentally observed healing in one of his experiments and decided to follow up.” Then, just like now, the results in 2013 were surprising.
Both the 2013 models and the recent experiment used nanocrystalline (纳米晶体) metals, which make studying self-healing easier because their small grain size allows for more microstructural features that even small cracks can interact with. Demkowicz said that these features are common in many metals. One condition common to both the 2013 theory and the recent experiment is that both were conducted in vacuum environments without foreign matter. Such outside matter could influence crack surfaces’ ability to bond back together.
Even with this limitation, applications could still be possible for space faring technology or internal cracks that are not exposed to outside air. “The main impact of the current work is to move the original theoretical prediction off the drawing board and show that it occurs in reality,” Demkowicz said. Potential applications of this work could vary widely. Demkowicz suggests that self-healing could be possible in conventional metals with larger grain sizes, but future investigations will be needed.
12. What was the recent experiment aimed at
A. Challenging a former mistaken theory. B. Learning about crack growth in metals.
C. Proving what happens in science fiction. D. Studying the uses of various metals.
13. How does the author develop the fourth paragraph
A. By listing examples. B. By analyzing causes.
C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting ideas.
14. What is Demkowicz’s suggestion
A. Constantly changing the research environment.
B. Paying much attention to the original theories.
C. Learning drawing skills from different masters.
D. Further researching the metals with larger grain sizes.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Scientists Were Shocked by Self-Healing in Metals
B. Personal Achievements of Dr. Michael Demkowicz
C. The Latest Developments in Science and Technology
D. The New Applications of Metals Were Found by Scientists
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Learning English can be hard, but don’t give up! With enough practice and right ways, you can learn the language well. ____16____.
Watch movies and TV shows in English. ____17____. This will make it more fun, which will help you actually learn English. However, you should avoid watching movies or television shows with subtitles (字幕) in your native language — they will take your attention away and you will be less likely to learn English from it.
Read a book, newspaper or magazine in English. ____18____. Find something you like — whether that’s a famous English novel or a fashion magazine — and read it. Try to understand what you’re reading. Mark words that you don’t know, and look them up in the dictionary.
____19____. Aside from reading and listening in English, you should also spend some time improving your written English skills. Writing in English will help you to work on your sentence structure (句型), grammar and spelling. Try keeping an English diary where you write down a few sentences every day. It doesn’t have to be personal — you could write about the weather, or what you ate for dinner.
Find a pen-pal (笔友) who is a native English speaker. Once your written English has improved, you could consider getting an English-speaking pen-pal! Your pen-pal could be a native English speaker who wants to practice their foreign language skills by writing to you in your native language. Meanwhile you can talk with your pen-pal in English. ____20____.
A. Keep a diary in English
B. Here are some tips for you
C. Develop good speaking and writing skills
D. Studying a language is not just for your future
E. Reading is a great way to improve your English
F. In this way you can learn more about each other
G. Try to pick movies or TV shows that you will enjoy
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
My mother turned ninety. I knew I needed to find a senior ___21___ center. Not for her — for me. If I were at her age, I would want to stay in shape to ___22___ life, getting a lot of pleasure. Yes, walking in local parks was my ___23___, but I wasn’t so active as before.
I called a nearby center, “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes ___24___ for seniors ” “e and check us out! We start at 10 am,” the receptionist (接待员) replied and ___25___. The next morning, I went there. One part of me was ___26___ that the class was too easy, not doing me any good. The other part feared it was too hard for me to ___27___.
When I came into the room, a woman ___28___ me, “Oh, you’re new. Welcome.” Then the music started. The hour-long workout woke up the muscles I didn’t often ___29___ in daily walks, suiting me fine. I became a member there. My classmates ranged in age from fifty to ninety. Most gave the exercises their own ______30______, doing as much or little as they could. ______31______ no one kept score. Soon I learned physical well-being wasn’t the only ______32______ there. During breaks, people chatted happily. Whenever some people were ______33______ we asked around. Were they busy Were they in hospital Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill.
I ______34______ to be in good shape now as I’ve hoped. Still, I’m grateful for things more valuable from the class — close friendships and new social ______35______.
21. A. leisure B. fitness C. community D. learning
22. A. change B. remember C. wait D. enjoy
23. A. exercise B. aim C. challenge D. plan
24. A. attached B. familiar C. suitable D. important
25. A. comforted B. invited C. promised D. welcomed
26. A. sure B. disappointed C. anxious D. hopeful
27. A. make up for B. look down on C. get down to D. keep up with
28. A. greeted B. recognized C. helped D. introduced
29. A. relax B. pull C. work D. use
30. A. acceptance B. agreement C. understanding D. conclusion
31. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Naturally D. Surprisingly
32. A. problem B. contribution C. standard D. focus
33 A. lonely B. absent C. unhappy D. tired
34. A. fail B. manage C. try D. continue
35. A. backgrounds B. connections C. skills D. duties
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A statue of Petofi stands in the square in front of Lu Xun Museum in Shanghai, ____36____ (welcome) millions of visitors for the traditional friendship between China and Hungary. ____37____time went by, there was an increasing interest in learning the Chinese language in Hungary.
A 19-year-old Hungary girl, Varge Bonita, ____38____ Chinese name is Hu Lingyue, traveled thousands of miles to the East and settled down in Beijing for her university life in the hope of knowing more about China. She ____39____(fall) in love with Chinese, a language with “____40____ special tone and beautiful handwriting” when she began to first hear Chinese at the age of seven. For her, learning Chinese is not just about mastering a language, but providing access____41____ Chinese history of 5,000 years with so many interesting aspects. With the____42____(popular) of Chinese in Hungary, signs in Chinese have been more and more____43____ (common) spotted in streets and Chinese characters are most likely to____44____(see) on bus tickets selling machines.
Cultural exchanges and mutual learning between China and Hungary have brought people closer and closer. The horizon is vast. There are____45____ (end) possibilities which have not been explored.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Noah正在策划一项主题为“探寻中国文化(Exploring Chinese Culture)”的课外活动。他给你写信想征询你的建议，请你给他回一封信，内容包括：
1．活动建议及理由；
2．鼓励与祝愿。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write.
He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again “WRITING COMPETITION!” His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.
As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.
Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story.
The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed at how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet.
Then he heard the call from his mother saying it was time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost thinking about a topic to write about. Finally, he finished. The word count then read “498”.
“Perfect,” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win.
He searched for the competition online. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button. Confused, he then re-read the page again. It read “COMPETITION CLOSED”.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150词左右；
2. 续写部分的开头语已为你写好。
After a few seconds, the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the competition on the website. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
His mother came up and comforted him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
绝密★启用前
2024—2025学年度高二英语上学期开学考试
考试范围：暑期衔接 考试时间：120分钟 总分：120
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
B
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
C
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. C
D
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
【16~20题答案】
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. F
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【36~45题答案】
【答案】36. welcoming
37. As 38. whose
39. fell 40. a
41. to 42. popularity
monly
44. be seen
45. endless
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
【46题答案】
【答案】Dear Noah,
I’m glad to hear about your plan. I suggest you hold a Chinese culture exhibition. You can display traditional Chinese artworks like calligraphy and paintings, which can let students directly appreciate the beauty of Chinese culture. Also, inviting a Chinese teacher to give a lecture on Chinese history and philosophy would be great. This way, they can have a deeper understanding. Additionally, you could set up a section where students can try out traditional Chinese handicrafts such as paper-cutting and making Chinese knots.
I believe this activity will be a huge success. Wish you all the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
【47题答案】
【答案】 After a few seconds the boy eagerly checked the deadline of the competition on the website. Hardly had he opened the webpage when the capitalized letters COMPETITION CLOSED leapt into his eyes again. How could that be The deadline was a week away. “No!!!” silent screams exploded inside him. He rubbed his eyes, got closer to the screen and fixed his eyes on the letters. The cruel capitalized letters just stood out as if naughtily winking at him. Unwilling though he was, he was forced to accept the irreversible fact that the competition had closed. Noticing Mom leaning against his room door gazing at him with affection, he couldn’t fight back tears of grievance, bursting out crying loudly.
His mother came up and comforted him. “Dear, it’s OK. You’ve written an award-winning story which is original and imaginative. That’s the biggest gain in the process.” Mom said gently, patting him on the shoulder. Mom’s heartwarming comfort dispersed his shame, but still he regretted, “Mom, I should have started earlier and met the deadline! All my efforts have gone to waste.” As he recollected the struggle in choosing the topic and writing the imaginative story, mom wiped his tears, ruffled his hair and asked him to go to bed. Tossing and turning in bed, he was drawn to the fact that less procrastination, more satisfaction.
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