Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
语言精讲
1.①investment ②invested ③invested ④invested more time and energy into that project ⑤that/which will be invested in
2.①to ②memorable ③of ④a lasting/permanent memorial to ⑤memorizing one hallway at a time;attempting to memorize
3.①criticism ②critical ③Criticising ④has been criticised for ⑤was afraid of being criticised by my parents;Afraid of being criticised by my parents
语法归纳
【自我总结】
1.表语 2.不定式作表语时, 前面主语中有实义动词do
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.to take 2.to be reading 3.to play 4.to have gone
5.to make 6.(to) stay 7.to defend 8.to be discussed 9.to believe 10.to have been
●Ⅱ 1.to become a great football player one day 2.to have caught a cold 3.is to be a failure 4.to meet the needs of common people 5.to clean the rooms for the old
●Ⅲ 1.keyboards 2.is 3.with 4.were used 5.simply
6.a 7.improvement 8.and 9.to stay 10.themselvesPeriod Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
Ⅰ.1.sculptors 2.to complete 3.investment
4.permanently 5.to devote 6.to be seen 7.arched
8.criticism(s) 9.visually 10.to
Ⅱ.1.That boy seemed to be looking at/watching
2.is (to) build trust
3.His ambition is to start/found a big technology company
4.except/but wait for the result
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Stanford e-China项目成功背后的中坚力量——Liyi Ye。
1.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Stanford e-China,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which。故填which。
2.Originally 考查副词。副词修饰介词短语作状语,单词置于句首,首字母大写。故填Originally。
3.inspiring 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词,inspire与其逻辑主语为主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填inspiring。
4.engaged 考查时态。设空处为谓语,陈述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时。故填engaged。
5.with 考查介词。根据句意可知,此处表示与哈佛商学院的合作,用介词with。故填with。
6.and 考查连词。根据句意可知,前后为并列关系,用连词and。故填and。
7.a 考查冠词。设空处修饰名词,泛指“一个”将来,用不定冠词,且future的首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
8.global 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词,应用形容词global。故填global。
9.is launching/will launch 考查时态。设空处为谓语,根据时间状语next spring可知,本句为一般将来时,也可用现在进行时表示将来。故填is launching/will launch。
10.to help 考查不定式。设空处应用动词不定式作表语,说明主语的内容。故填to help。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了卢浮宫博物馆为防止国宝名画流失而筹集资金购买珍贵的绘画作品——Christ Mocked,并成功将其留在法国。这幅画将于2025年展出。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ministers declared the painting a national treasure, officially giving the Louvre 30 months to raise the funds for its purchase.”可知,这幅画被认定为法国国宝。故选C项。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子“Laurence des Cars, the president of the Louvre, said it was a ‘great joy’ to have acquired the painting, which ‘constitutes a crucial landmark in the history of art’.”可知,这句是对这幅画的历史地位的描述。卢浮宫博物馆的馆长认为获得这幅画是一件特别让人高兴的事,因此推断这幅画被视为“构成”艺术史上一个至关重要的里程碑。所以猜测constitutes表示“构成,充当”的意思。故选 B项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段“The painting was spotted four years ago by Philomene Wolf, an auctioneer, when she was asked to assess the contents of a house that was being cleared. The owner, in her nineties, thought it was a painting from Russia of no value and was preparing to put it in the dustbin.”可知,Wolf是在评估一位老人房子里面清理出来的物品时发现了这幅画,因此她是从一位老人那里得到的。故选C项。
4.D 主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Christ Mocked, by the Florentine master Cimabue, was sold at auction(拍卖)for 24 million in 2019. But the Chilean buyers never got to include the work in their collection because the French government refused to give it an export licence.”和第二段“Ministers declared the painting a national treasure, officially giving the Louvre 30 months to raise the funds for its purchase. The Louvre recently reached an agreement with the owners.”以及下文可知,文章主要报道了卢浮宫博物馆筹钱购买Christ Mocked这幅珍贵的画作,成功将其留在法国,同时介绍了这幅画差点被扔到垃圾桶但被拍卖师发现的过程。D选项“Painting saved from bin was to hang in the Louvre”(从垃圾箱里救出来的画作将被悬挂在卢浮宫)可以作为文章最佳标题。故选D项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了艺术无处不在,并在生活中扮演着重要角色。
1.B 根据后文的“It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak.”(这是他们在会说话之前表达自己的一种方式。)可知,此处强调艺术在孩子们身上所发挥的作用。B选项“Children love to draw, sing and dance.”引起下文,下文中的they指代children。故选B。
2.E 根据后文“Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to changes, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.”(一些例子包括一个人适应变化的能力、创造性地思考的能力或与团队成员合作的能力。)可知,本段强调艺术与某些技能有关系。E选项“It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.”(它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。)中的soft skills概括了下文的a person’s ability to adapt to changes, think creatively, or collaborate with team members。故选E。
3.C 根据本段主旨句“It provides historical context.”可知,艺术对人类的影响还体现在历史方面。C选项“Art and human history go hand-in-hand.”(艺术与人类历史息息相关。)呼应段落主旨。故选C。
4.G 根据前文“We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it.”(我们可以学习艺术来了解我们的前人曾面临什么以及他们是如何克服的。)可知,此处强调我们可以通过艺术来学习前人的经验,即强调艺术的历史学习功能。G选项“Similarly, future generations will learn about our current events through our art.”(同样,我们的后代也将会通过我们的艺术来了解我们现在的事。)符合文意,与上文承接自然。故选G。
5.F 根据前文“In therapy(疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss.”(在治疗环境中,艺术也为深入挖掘和表达难以讨论的情绪提供了机会。)可知,此处强调艺术具有治疗负面情绪的功能。F选项“It can help people handle both their past and present problems.”(它可以帮助人们处理过去和现在的问题。)符合文意。故选F。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了福州寿山石的起源和传统雕刻工艺,它已被正式命名为“中国国石”,成为优雅、尊贵和智慧的象征,值得收藏。
1.mined 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知,mine在句中作非谓语动词,它和stones之间为被动关系,因此使用过去分词作后置定语,故填mined。
2.into 考查固定短语。 固定短语be carved into表示“被雕刻成”,故填into。
3.an 考查冠词。exhibition为可数名词,且ongoing是发音以元音音素开头的单词,因此使用不定冠词an,故填an。
4.gathers 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,gather在句中为谓语动词,再结合“It offers a visual introduction to both the fine quality of Shoushan Stone and the superb skills…”可知,谓语动词gather使用一般现在时,并且主语the Charm of Shoushan Stone为单数意义,故填gathers。
5.to process 考查动词不定式。be required to do表示“需要做……”,故填to process。
6.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,seals是先行词,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,因此使用which引导定语从句,故填which。
7.approaches 考查名词复数。approach(方法)是可数名词,前有different 修饰,需要用复数形式,故填approaches。
8.and 考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知,a red and yellow stone that is suitable for sculpting mountains, flowers and fruits和a black one for trees and stones以及a grey one for clouds之间为并列关系,用并列连词and表示这种关系,故填and。
9.officially 考查副词。此处使用副词作状语修饰过去分词named,意为“正式地”,故填officially。
10.has become 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的so far可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语Shoushan Stone为单数意义,故填has become。Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
1.investment n.(the money that you invest)投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入
(教材P4) You need to have realistic expectations of the returns from investments.
你需要对投资回报有现实的预期。
(1)invest v. 投资
invest time/energy/money/…in (doing) sth
把时间/精力/钱/……投入……中
invest in 投资到……
(2)investor n. 投资者
【佳句背诵】
There has been a significant investment of time and energy in order to make the project a success.
为了使这个项目成功, (人们)已经投入了大量的时间和精力。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Government bonds are a sound (invest) because they combine good profits and high security.
②With around $500,000 (invest) so far, a promising system is just emerging from the laboratory.
③While Mr Johnson has considerable money (invest) in the company, he has no say in its management.
◆完成句子
④[2022·浙江1月考读后续写] Having made up my mind, I than ever before and finally achieved unexpected success.
下定决心后,我在那个项目上投入了比以往更多的时间和精力,最终取得了意想不到的成功。
⑤The recent economic situation taken into consideration, the manager has cut down on the amount of money the stock market.考虑到最近的经济形势,经理减少了即将投入股票市场的金额。
2.memorial n. (a statue, stone, etc. that is built in order to remind people of an important past event or of a famous person who has died)纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.(created or done in order to remember sb who has died)纪念的;悼念的
(教材P5) What the survivors attempted to do was to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.幸存者们试图做的是为拯救他们生命的英雄们建一座纪念碑。
(1)a memorial to… ……的纪念碑/纪念物
memorial hall 纪念馆;纪念堂
memorial meeting/service 追悼会;纪念会
(2)memorize/se vt. 记住,熟记;记忆
(3)memorable adj. 难忘的;值得纪念的
(4)memory n. 记忆,记忆力
in memory of 为了纪念;作为对某人的纪念
【佳句背诵】
This site is located in Qufu, Shandong Province, and is a memorial to Confucius.
这个遗址位于山东省曲阜,是对孔子的纪念。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The museum will serve as a memorial the millions who passed through Ellis Island.
②The most (memory) part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City.
③The crowd observed a minute’s silence in memory those who had died.
◆完成句子
④The painting will be the remarkable woman.
这幅油画将成为对这位杰出女性的永久纪念物。
⑤[2024·浙江1月考读后续写] Walking through the hallways, Eva would now concentrate on , rather than the entire building.
穿过走廊时,伊娃现在会集中精力一次记住一个走廊,而不是试图记住整个建筑。
3.criticise(NAmE-ize) vi. & vt.(to express disapproval of someone or something) 批评;指责;(to judge the good and bad qualities of sth)评价
(教材P5) For a humble person, one of the hardest things might be to criticise other people.
对于一个谦逊的人来说,最难的事情之一可能就是批评别人。
(1)criticise sb for sth 因……指责某人
(2)criticism n. 批评;指责;评论
(3)critical adj. 批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的
【佳句背诵】
He was criticized by the committee for failing to report the accident.
他因未对事故进行汇报而受到委员会的批评。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2024·浙江1月考] Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the (criticise) that they lead to waste.
②Education can help individuals develop (criticise) thinking skills, which will enable them to act based on judgement.
③ (criticise) someone’s speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.
◆完成句子/句式改写
④It is the second time this year that the company letting out its users’ personal information.
这是该公司今年第二次因泄露用户个人信息而受到批评。
⑤My brother , and strongly denied breaking the vase.
→ , my brother strongly denied breaking the vase.(用形容词作状语改写)
(由于)害怕受到父母的批评,我弟弟坚决否认打碎了花瓶。
Infinitives (2) as the predicative
(不定式作表语)
【探索发现】
1.Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
2.During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
3.In this work, Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene…
4.What they attempted to do was no longer (to) show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art ”
【自我总结】
1.不定式在句中作 。
2.第4句中的(to) show 中的不定式符号to可省略是因为 。
【用法归纳】
一、不定式作表语的用法
不定式作表语常用来解释或说明主语要去做什么事。主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划等的词,如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, goal, dream, job等。如:
The goal is to raise as much money as possible.
目的是筹集到尽可能多的资金。
1.表目的。
The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.
教育的目的是发展儿童良好的性格。
2.表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。
You must be frank with me about what happened, if we are to remain friends.
如果我们还要继续做朋友的话, 对于发生的一切你就必须对我坦言相告。
3.用于第一人称的问句, 表示征求意见。
What am I to say if they ask me the question
要是他们问我这个问题, 我该怎么回答呢
4.表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
They are to marry next week.
他们将在下周结婚。(安排)
二、不定式和现在分词作表语的区别
1.动词不定式作表语, 通常表示具体的或将来的动作。
Our first assignment was to read two short stories.
我们的首要任务是读两篇短篇故事。
2.现在分词作表语, 表示抽象的一般行为。
My work is teaching Chinese.
我的工作是教中文。
【注意事项】
1.“疑问词+不定式” 也可以用作表语。如:
The question is how to carry out the plan.
问题是如何实施这项计划。
2.不定式作表语时to的省略。
不定式作表语时, 前面主语中出现实义动词do的各种形式时, 后面的不定式可省略to。
What they want to do is (to) have a good sleep.
他们想做的是睡个好觉。
The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button.
你唯一要做的是按下按钮。
3.在主系表结构的句子中,当主语和表语都是动词时,可以都用不定式(也可以都用动名词)形成前后对称;不可以一个用不定式,另一个用动名词。如:
To choose time is to save time.
选择时间就是节省时间。
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Now your first important task is
(take) good care of the wounded soldiers.
2.When I saw him at that moment, he seemed (read) a novel.
3.What the boys’ parents told them just now was not (play) in the street. It was too dangerous.
4.Something proved (go) wrong with that engine.
5.The purpose of developing new technologies is (make) life easier.
6.What we need to do at this critical moment is (stay) at home and not meet people face-to-face.
7.The duty of soldiers is (defend) their motherland.
8.Whether to participate in that competition remains (discuss) and decided.
9.There is a famous saying, “To see is (believe).”
10.All the members in that family seem (be) ill already.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作
1.His dream is .
他的梦想是有一天能成为一名伟大的足球运动员。
2.Li Hua seemed before he came here.
李华似乎在来这儿之前就已经感冒了。
3.Her plan sooner or later.
她的计划迟早是要失败的。
4.The goal of this activity is .
这个活动的目的是满足普通人的需求。
5.Her work is in the rest home every day.
她的工作是每天为养老院的老人清扫房间。
●Ⅲ 语篇填空
Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head towards the computer. Now, most people reach for 1. (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school, however, Mr Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting 2.
(be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also 3. old-fashioned fountain pens.
Fountain pens 4. (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. Today, a writer 5. (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets 6. new one.
So far, Mr Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the 7. (improve) he sees in his students’ writing 8. in his own writing. He knows that computers are here 9. (stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of 10. (they). Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Henry Moore, who died in 1986, is one of Britain’s best-known (sculpture).
2.The manager’s request is (complete) this project by the end of this month.
3.The project implies an enormous (invest) in training.
4.I have given up my flat in Paris because I’m going to live (permanent) in London.
5.The original intention was (devote) three months to the project.
6.Whether we can get a pay rise next month remains (see).
7.She led them up some stairs and across a little (arch) stone bridge.
8.Ben is very sensitive, and he just can’t take (criticise).
9.Architects seek to create buildings that are both (visual) appealing and well suited for human use.
10.The memorial the hero stands in the centre of the park.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作
1.
something outside when the teacher entered the classroom. (seem)
当老师进入教室时,那个男孩好像在看外边的东西。
2.What we will do at present between our customers and ourselves. (be to do)
我们现在要做的是建立我们和客户之间的信任。
3. and offer a large number of jobs to the society. (名词+be to do)
他的抱负是创办一家大的科技公司,为社会提供大量的工作岗位。
4.We had nothing to do of the application. (except/but)
除了等待申请结果,我们没有其他事情可做。
●Ⅲ 语篇填空
Liyi Ye has been the backbone behind the success of Stanford e-China, a programme enrolling Chinese students in virtual courses, 1. features Stanford professors and Silicon Valley entrepreneurs.
2. (original) from Chongqing, Liyi earned her master’s degree from Stanford. Once back in China, she founded an educational company and designed an online writing contest for senior and college students, 3. (inspire) them to effectively express their views on world issues. Within two years, the company’s writing platform 4. (engage) over 50,000 students worldwide. Liyi also developed a network of schools and educators in both the US and China, including partnership 5. Harvard Business School. In her opinion, Stanford e-China’s mission lies in bridging cultural gaps 6. creating a foundation for lasting friendships. Through such connections, they can help build 7. future defined by common goals and interests and prepare to face together the rapid changes and big challenges of our 8. (globe) community.
Next spring, Stanford e-China 9. (launch) a new course, Design Thinking into Action: Teen Wellbeing. Liyi’s growing interest in psychological wellness is in line with her core values. Her goal is 10. (help) young individuals strike a balance between mental wellness and academic success, the most essential message she hopes to share in the next phase of her work.
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·江苏泰州中学高二阶段调研测试]
Christ Mocked, by the Florentine master Cimabue, was sold at auction(拍卖)for 24 million in 2019. But the Chilean buyers never got to include the work in their collection because the French government refused to give it an export licence.
Ministers declared the painting a national treasure, officially giving the Louvre 30 months to raise the funds for its purchase. The Louvre recently reached an agreement with the owners.
Laurence des Cars, the president of the Louvre, said it was a “great joy” to have acquired the painting, which “constitutes a crucial landmark in the history of art”. The museum did not say how much it had paid, nor who had sold the painting, which will be exhibited in 2025.
The painting was spotted four years ago by Philomene Wolf, an auctioneer, when she was asked to assess the contents of a house that was being cleared. The owner, in her nineties, thought it was a painting from Russia of no value and was preparing to put it in the dustbin.
Wolf was struck by its quality and guessed that it could be Italian. Experts using modern technology confirmed that it was by Cimabue, who is widely regarded as having opened the gateway to Renaissance art. It is believed to date from 1280. Christ Mocked is one of about 15 known Cimabue’s works.
The Louvre launched an appeal on Tuesday for donations to buy another painting, The Basket of Wild Strawberries by Jean Simeon Chardin, the 18th-century French still life(静物画)master. The work, which was first exhibited in 1761, was in a private collection from the 19th century until last year, when it was sold for 24.3 million to an American art museum at auction in Paris.
Luckily, many groups and individuals donated two-thirds of the sum. The museum must pay the remaining 8 million and is hoping that members of the public will help to ease the burden by responding to its appeal, which aims to raise 1.3 million.
( )1.What can we know about Christ Mocked
A.It is a painting from Russia.
B.It was discovered by Cimabue.
C.It is seen as a treasure of France.
D.It was taken away by Chilean buyers.
( )2.Which can replace the underlined word “constitutes” in Paragraph 3
A.Sums up. B.Acts as.
C.Finds out. D.Points out.
( )3.How did Wolf get Christ Mocked
A.She purchased it at auction.
B.Cimabue sent it to her.
C.She got it from an old woman.
D.She found it when she cleaned up.
( )4.Which can be the best title for the text
A.The painting Christ Mocked was sold
B.The Louvre was appealing for donation
C.French government takes back its
words
D.Painting saved from bin was to hang in the Louvre
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication. 1. It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.
2. When someone applies for a job, there are certain skills he needs to have like data analysis or bookkeeping. However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to changes, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 3. This is why people devote their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it. 4.
In therapy(疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss. 5. In one important study, children between 6 and 12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking about something upsetting. This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
A.These are its major benefits.
B.Children love to draw, sing and dance.
C.Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
D.How does it have an impact on our life
E.It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
F.It can help people handle both their past and present problems.
G.Similarly, future generations will learn about our current events through our art.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
[2024·广东惠州高二期中]
Shoushan Stone was first discovered in Shoushan, Fuzhou. For centuries, craftsmen have been carving stones primarily 1. (mine) from the Shoushan Village. The stones are carved 2. figures, animals and many other artworks.
The Charm of Shoushan Stone, 3. ongoing exhibition at the National Art Museum of China, 4. (gather) antique and modern objects which introduce the tradition of stone carving in Fujian. It offers a visual introduction to both the fine quality of Shoushan Stone and the superb skills required 5. (process) it. On show at the exhibition are seals(印章) made from excellent examples of the stone, 6. were sought after among the literati (文人墨客) of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are also mini sculptures which show craftsmen’s different 7. (approach) to carving Shoushan Stone based on its rich colour schemes: a red and yellow stone that is suitable for sculpting mountains, flowers and fruits, a black one for trees and stones 8. a grey one for clouds.
So far, Shoushan Stone, 9. (official) named “Chinese National Stone”, 10. (become) a symbol of elegance, dignity and wisdom, which is worthy of collection. (共74张PPT)
Period Three
Learning About Language
(Grammar)
语言精讲
语法归纳
练习册
1.investment n.(the money that you invest)投资额;投资;(时间、
精力的)投入
(教材P4) You need to have realistic expectations of the returns
from investments. 你需要对投资回报有现实的预期。
(1)invest v. 投资
invest time/energy/money/…in (doing) sth
把时间/精力/钱/……投入……中
invest in 投资到……
(2)investor n. 投资者
【佳句背诵】
There has been a significant investment of time and energy in
order to make the project a success.
为了使这个项目成功, (人们)已经投入了大量的时间和精力。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Government bonds are a sound ___________ (invest) because
they combine good profits and high security.
②With around $500,000 _________ (invest) so far, a promising
system is just emerging from the laboratory.
③While Mr Johnson has considerable money _________ (invest)
in the company, he has no say in its management.
investment
invested
invested
◆完成句子
④[2022·浙江1月考读后续写] Having made up my mind, I
______________________________________________ than ever
before and finally achieved unexpected success.
下定决心后，我在那个项目上投入了比以往更多的时间和精力，最
终取得了意想不到的成功。
invested more time and energy into that project
⑤The recent economic situation taken into consideration, the
manager has cut down on the amount of money _____________
_________________ the stock market.
考虑到最近的经济形势,经理减少了即将投入股票市场的金额。
that/which will be invested in
2.memorial n. (a statue, stone, etc. that is built in order to
remind people of an important past event or of a famous
person who has died)纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.
(created or done in order to remember sb who has died)纪念的;
悼念的
(教材P5) What the survivors attempted to do was to build a
memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.
幸存者们试图做的是为拯救他们生命的英雄们建一座纪念碑。
(1)a memorial to… ……的纪念碑/纪念物
memorial hall 纪念馆;纪念堂
memorial meeting/service 追悼会;纪念会
(2)memorize/se vt. 记住,熟记;记忆
(3)memorable adj. 难忘的;值得纪念的
(4)memory n. 记忆,记忆力
in memory of 为了纪念;作为对某人的纪念
【佳句背诵】
This site is located in Qufu, Shandong Province, and is a
memorial to Confucius.
这个遗址位于山东省曲阜，是对孔子的纪念。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The museum will serve as a memorial____ the millions who
passed through Ellis Island.
②The most ____________ (memory) part of our trip was a visit
to historic Quebec City.
③The crowd observed a minute's silence in memory ___those
who had died.
to
memorable
of
◆完成句子
④The painting will be _______________________________ the
remarkable woman.
这幅油画将成为对这位杰出女性的永久纪念物。
a lasting/permanent memorial to
⑤[2024·浙江1月考读后续写] Walking through the hallways, Eva
would now concentrate on _________________________________,
rather than ________________________ the entire building.
穿过走廊时，伊娃现在会集中精力一次记住一个走廊，而不是试图
记住整个建筑。
memorizing one hallway at a time
attempting to memorize
3.criticise(NAmE-ize) vi. & vt.(to express disapproval of
someone or something) 批评;指责;(to judge the good and bad
qualities of sth)评价
(教材P5) For a humble person, one of the hardest things might
be to criticise other people.
对于一个谦逊的人来说,最难的事情之一可能就是批评别人。
(1)criticise sb for sth 因……指责某人
(2)criticism n. 批评;指责;评论
(3)critical adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的
【佳句背诵】
He was criticized by the committee for failing to report the
accident.
他因未对事故进行汇报而受到委员会的批评。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2024·浙江1月考] Many supermarkets are no longer doing
“buy one get one free” promotions because of the _________
(criticise) that they lead to waste.
criticism
②Education can help individuals develop _______ (criticise)
thinking skills, which will enable them to act based on
judgement.
critical
③__________ (criticise) someone's speech is said to be easier
than coming up with a better one.
Criticising
◆完成句子/句式改写
④It is the second time this year that the company
______________________ letting out its users' personal
information.
这是该公司今年第二次因泄露用户个人信息而受到批评。
has been criticised for
⑤My brother __________________________________________,
and strongly denied breaking the vase.
→ ______________________________________, my brother
strongly denied breaking the vase.(用形容词作状语改写)
(由于)害怕受到父母的批评,我弟弟坚决否认打碎了花瓶。
was afraid of being criticised by my parents
Afraid of being criticised by my parents
Infinitives (2) as the predicative(不定式作表语)
【探索发现】
1.Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at
the development of Western painting over the centuries.
2.During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to
teach people about Christianity.
3.In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and
movement in the scene…
4.What they attempted to do was no longer (to) show reality,
but instead to ask the question, “What is art ”
【自我总结】
1.不定式在句中作______。
2.第4句中的(to) show 中的不定式符号to可省略是因为
_______________________________________。
表语
不定式作表语时, 前面主语中有实义动词do
【用法归纳】
一、不定式作表语的用法
不定式作表语常用来解释或说明主语要去做什么事。主语常常
是表示意向、打算、计划等的词,如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty,
goal, dream, job等。如:
The goal is to raise as much money as possible.
目的是筹集到尽可能多的资金。
1.表目的。
The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in
children.
教育的目的是发展儿童良好的性格。
2.表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。
You must be frank with me about what happened, if we are to
remain friends.
如果我们还要继续做朋友的话, 对于发生的一切你就必须对我坦言相告。
3.用于第一人称的问句, 表示征求意见。
What am I to say if they ask me the question
要是他们问我这个问题, 我该怎么回答呢
4.表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
They are to marry next week.
他们将在下周结婚。(安排)
二、不定式和现在分词作表语的区别
1.动词不定式作表语, 通常表示具体的或将来的动作。
Our first assignment was to read two short stories.
我们的首要任务是读两篇短篇故事。
2.现在分词作表语, 表示抽象的一般行为。
My work is teaching Chinese.
我的工作是教中文。
【注意事项】
1.“疑问词+不定式” 也可以用作表语。如:
The question is how to carry out the plan.
问题是如何实施这项计划。
2.不定式作表语时to的省略。
不定式作表语时, 前面主语中出现实义动词do的各种形式时, 后面的
不定式可省略to。
What they want to do is (to) have a good sleep.
他们想做的是睡个好觉。
The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button.
你唯一要做的是按下按钮。
3.在主系表结构的句子中,当主语和表语都是动词时,可以都用不定式
(也可以都用动名词)形成前后对称;不可以一个用不定式,另一个用动
名词。如:
To choose time is to save time.
选择时间就是节省时间。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ单句填空
1.Now your first important task is ________(take) good care of
the wounded soldiers.
to take
2.When I saw him at that moment, he seemed ______________
(read) a novel.
3.What the boys' parents told them just now was not________
(play) in the street. It was too dangerous.
to be reading
to play
4.Something proved ______________ (go) wrong with that
engine.
5.The purpose of developing new technologies is _________
(make) life easier.
6.What we need to do at this critical moment is _________
(stay) at home and not meet people face-to-face.
7.The duty of soldiers is ___________ (defend) their motherland.
to have gone
to make
(to) stay
to defend
8.Whether to participate in that competition remains
________________ (discuss) and decided.
9.There is a famous saying, “To see is ___________ (believe).”
10.All the members in that family seem ______________ (be) ill
already.
to be discussed
to believe
to have been
Ⅱ语法与写作
1.His dream is _________________________________________.
他的梦想是有一天能成为一名伟大的足球运动员。
to become a great football player one day
2.Li Hua seemed ______________________ before he came here.
李华似乎在来这儿之前就已经感冒了。
to have caught a cold
3.Her plan _________________ sooner or later.
她的计划迟早是要失败的。
is to be a failure
4.The goal of this activity is _________________________________
______.
这个活动的目的是满足普通人的需求。
to meet the needs of common people
5.Her work is ______________________________ in the rest home
every day.
她的工作是每天为养老院的老人清扫房间。
to clean the rooms for the old
Ⅲ语篇填空
Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other
document for work or school, you probably head towards the
computer. Now, most people reach for 1.___________(keyboard)
faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school,
however, Mr Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He
feels that neat handwriting 2.___(be) still an important skill, so
he has his students write not only by hand but also 3._____
old-fashioned fountain pens.
keyboards
is
with
Fountain pens 4.___________(use) in schools long ago and
have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable.
Today, a writer 5._______(simple) throws an empty pen away
and gets 6.___new one.
So far, Mr Lewis is pleased with the results of his
experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care
with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well.
He is happy with the 7._____________(improve) he sees in his
students' writing 8._____in his own writing.
were used
simply
a
improvement
and
He knows that computers are here 9.________(stay) and that
they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice
with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and
they can feel proud of 10.___________ (they).
to stay
themselves
练 习 册
Ⅰ单句填空
1.Henry Moore, who died in 1986, is one of Britain's best-
known _________ (sculpture).
sculptors
2.The manager's request is _____________ (complete) this project
by the end of this month.
to complete
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.The project implies an enormous ___________ (invest) in
training.
investment
4.I have given up my flat in Paris because I'm going to live
_____________ (permanent) in London.
permanently
5.The original intention was __________ (devote) three months
to the project.
to devote
6.Whether we can get a pay rise next month remains
____________ (see).
to be seen
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7.She led them up some stairs and across a little ________
(arch) stone bridge.
arched
8.Ben is very sensitive, and he just can't take ___________
(criticise).
criticism(s)
9.Architects seek to create buildings that are both ________
(visual) appealing and well suited for human use.
visually
10.The memorial ____ the hero stands in the centre of the park.
to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ语法与写作
1.__________________________________________something
outside when the teacher entered the classroom. (seem)
当老师进入教室时,那个男孩好像在看外边的东西。
That boy seemed to be looking at/watching
2.What we will do at present _________________ between our
customers and ourselves. (be to do)
我们现在要做的是建立我们和客户之间的信任。
is (to) build trust
1
2
3
4
3.______________________________________________________
and offer a large number of jobs to the society. (名词+be to
do)
他的抱负是创办一家大的科技公司,为社会提供大量的工作岗位。
His ambition is to start/found a big technology company
4.We had nothing to do ____________________________ of the
application. (except/but)
除了等待申请结果,我们没有其他事情可做。
except/but wait for the result
1
2
3
4
Ⅲ语篇填空
Liyi Ye has been the backbone behind the success of
Stanford e-China, a programme enrolling Chinese students in
virtual courses, 1._______ features Stanford professors and Silicon
Valley entrepreneurs.
2.__________ (original) from Chongqing, Liyi earned her
master's degree from Stanford. Once back in China, she
founded an educational company and designed an online
writing contest for senior and college students, 3._________
which
Originally
inspiring
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
(inspire) them to effectively express their views on world issues.
Within two years, the company's writing platform 4._________
(engage) over 50,000 students worldwide. Liyi also developed a
network of schools and educators in both the US and China,
including partnership 5._____ Harvard Business School. In her
opinion, Stanford e-China's mission lies in bridging cultural gaps
6._____ creating a foundation for lasting friendships. Through
such connections, they can help build 7.___ future defined by
common goals and interests and prepare to face together the
engaged
with
and
a
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
rapid changes and big challenges of our 8._______ (globe)
community.
Next spring, Stanford e-China 9.______________________
(launch) a new course, Design Thinking into Action: Teen
Wellbeing. Liyi's growing interest in psychological wellness is in
line with her core values. Her goal is 10.________ (help) young
individuals strike a balance between mental wellness and
academic success, the most essential message she hopes to
share in the next phase of her work.
global
is launching/will launch
to help
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Stanford e-China项目
成功背后的中坚力量——Liyi Ye。
1._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为
Stanford e-China，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，应用关系
代词which。故填which。
2.__________
Originally
[解析] 考查副词。副词修饰介词短语作状语，单词置于句首，首字
母大写。故填Originally。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3._________
inspiring
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，inspire与其逻辑主语
为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填inspiring。
4._________
engaged
[解析] 考查时态。设空处为谓语，陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过
去时。故填engaged。
5._____
with
[解析] 考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示与哈佛商学院的合作，
用介词with。故填with。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6._____
and
[解析] 考查连词。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系，用连词and。
故填and。
7.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。设空处修饰名词，泛指“一个”将来，用不定冠词，
且future的首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
8._______
global
[解析] 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词global。故填
global。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.______________________
is launching/will launch
[解析] 考查时态。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语next spring可知，
本句为一般将来时，也可用现在进行时表示将来。故填is
launching/will launch。
10.________
to help
[解析] 考查不定式。设空处应用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内
容。故填to help。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅳ阅读理解
[2024·江苏泰州中学高二阶段调研测试]
Christ Mocked, by the Florentine master Cimabue, was sold
at auction(拍卖)for ?24 million in 2019. But the Chilean buyers
never got to include the work in their collection because the
French government refused to give it an export licence.
Ministers declared the painting a national treasure, officially
giving the Louvre 30 months to raise the funds for its purchase.
The Louvre recently reached an agreement with the owners.
1
2
3
4
Laurence des Cars, the president of the Louvre, said it was
a “great joy” to have acquired the painting, which “constitutes a
crucial landmark in the history of art”. The museum did not say
how much it had paid, nor who had sold the painting, which
will be exhibited in 2025.
The painting was spotted four years ago by Philomene Wolf,
an auctioneer, when she was asked to assess the contents of a
house that was being cleared. The owner, in her nineties,
thought it was a painting from Russia of no value and was
preparing to put it in the dustbin.
1
2
3
4
Wolf was struck by its quality and guessed that it could be
Italian. Experts using modern technology confirmed that it was
by Cimabue, who is widely regarded as having opened the
gateway to Renaissance art. It is believed to date from 1280.
Christ Mocked is one of about 15 known Cimabue's works.
The Louvre launched an appeal on Tuesday for donations
to buy another painting, The Basket of Wild Strawberries by
Jean Simeon Chardin, the 18th-century French still life
(静物画)master. The work, which was first exhibited in 1761, was
1
2
3
4
in a private collection from the 19th century until last year,
when it was sold for ?24.3 million to an American art museum
at auction in Paris.
Luckily, many groups and individuals donated two-thirds of
the sum. The museum must pay the remaining ?8 million and is
hoping that members of the public will help to ease the burden
by responding to its appeal, which aims to raise ?1.3 million.
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了卢浮宫博物馆为防
止国宝名画流失而筹集资金购买珍贵的绘画作品——Christ Mocked，
并成功将其留在法国。这幅画将于2025年展出。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.What can we know about Christ Mocked
A.It is a painting from Russia.
B.It was discovered by Cimabue.
C.It is seen as a treasure of France.
D.It was taken away by Chilean buyers.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ministers declared the painting
a national treasure, officially giving the Louvre 30 months to
raise the funds for its purchase.”可知，这幅画被认定为法国国宝。
故选C项。
√
1
2
3
4
( ) 2.Which can replace the underlined word “constitutes” in
Paragraph 3
A.Sums up. B.Acts as. C.Finds out. D.Points out.
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子“Laurence des Cars, the
president of the Louvre, said it was a ‘great joy’ to have
acquired the painting, which ‘constitutes a crucial landmark in
the history of art’.”可知，这句是对这幅画的历史地位的描述。卢浮
宫博物馆的馆长认为获得这幅画是一件特别让人高兴的事，因此推
断这幅画被视为“构成”艺术史上一个至关重要的里程碑。所以猜测
constitutes表示“构成，充当”的意思。故选B项。
√
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( ) 3.How did Wolf get Christ Mocked
A.She purchased it at auction.
B.Cimabue sent it to her.
C.She got it from an old woman.
D.She found it when she cleaned up.
√
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段“The painting was spotted four
years ago by Philomene Wolf, an auctioneer, when she was
asked to assess the contents of a house that was being cleared.
The owner, in her nineties, thought it was a painting from
Russia of no value and was preparing to put it in the dustbin.”
可知，Wolf是在评估一位老人房子里面清理出来的物品时发现了这
幅画，因此她是从一位老人那里得到的。故选C项。
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( ) 4.Which can be the best title for the text
A.The painting Christ Mocked was sold
B.The Louvre was appealing for donation
C.French government takes back itswords
D.Painting saved from bin was to hang in the Louvre
[解析] 主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Christ Mocked, by the
Florentine master Cimabue, was sold at auction(拍卖)for ?24
million in 2019. But the Chilean buyers never got to include the
work in their collection because the French government refused
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to give it an export licence.”和第二段“Ministers declared the
painting a national treasure, officially giving the Louvre 30
months to raise the funds for its purchase. The Louvre recently
reached an agreement with the owners.”以及下文可知，文章主要
报道了卢浮宫博物馆筹钱购买Christ Mocked这幅珍贵的画作，成功
将其留在法国，同时介绍了这幅画差点被扔到垃圾桶但被拍卖师发
现的过程。D选项“Painting saved from bin was to hang in the
Louvre”(从垃圾箱里救出来的画作将被悬挂在卢浮宫)可以作为文章
最佳标题。故选D项。
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Ⅴ阅读七选五
Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including
fancy galleries, people's living rooms, and on the sides of
buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we're
naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and
communication. 1.___ It's a way for them to express themselves
before they're able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts
may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual
learning development.
B
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2.___ When someone applies for a job, there are certain
skills he needs to have like data analysis or bookkeeping.
However, many employers also understand the very important
need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult
to define. Some examples include a person's ability to adapt to
changes, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 3.___ This is why people
devote their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and
so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created
E
C
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in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We
can study art to find out what those before us were facing and
how they overcame it. 4.___
In therapy(疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity
for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to
discuss. 5.___ In one important study, children between 6 and
12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking
about something upsetting. This group was able to improve
their mood when compared with children who were instructed
to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
G
F
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A.These are its major benefits.
B.Children love to draw, sing and dance.
C.Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
D.How does it have an impact on our life
E.It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
F.It can help people handle both their past and present
problems.
G.Similarly, future generations will learn about our current events
through our art.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了艺术无处不在,并在生
活中扮演着重要角色。
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1.___
B
[解析] 根据后文的“It's a way for them to express themselves
before they're able to speak.”(这是他们在会说话之前表达自己的
一种方式。)可知,此处强调艺术在孩子们身上所发挥的作用。B选项
“Children love to draw, sing and dance.”引起下文,下文中的they指
代children。故选B。
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2.___
E
[解析] 根据后文“Some examples include a person's ability to
adapt to changes, think creatively, or collaborate with team
members.”(一些例子包括一个人适应变化的能力、创造性地思考的
能力或与团队成员合作的能力。)可知,本段强调艺术与某些技能有关
系。E选项“It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.”
(它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。)中的soft skills概括了下文的
a person's ability to adapt to changes, think creatively, or
collaborate with team members。故选E。
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3.___
C
[解析] 根据本段主旨句“It provides historical context.”可知,艺术对
人类的影响还体现在历史方面。C选项“Art and human history go
hand-in-hand.”(艺术与人类历史息息相关。)呼应段落主旨。故选C。
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4.___
G
[解析] 根据前文“We can study art to find out what those before
us were facing and how they overcame it.”(我们可以学习艺术来
了解我们的前人曾面临什么以及他们是如何克服的。)可知,此处强调
我们可以通过艺术来学习前人的经验,即强调艺术的历史学习功能。
G选项“Similarly, future generations will learn about our current
events through our art.”(同样,我们的后代也将会通过我们的艺术来
了解我们现在的事。)符合文意,与上文承接自然。故选G。
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5.___
F
[解析] 根据前文“In therapy(疗法) settings, art also provides an
opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that
are difficult to discuss.”(在治疗环境中,艺术也为深入挖掘和表达难
以讨论的情绪提供了机会。)可知,此处强调艺术具有治疗负面情绪的
功能。F选项“It can help people handle both their past and
present problems.”(它可以帮助人们处理过去和现在的问题。)符合
文意。故选F。
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Ⅵ语法填空
[2024·广东惠州高二期中]
Shoushan Stone was first discovered in Shoushan, Fuzhou.
For centuries, craftsmen have been carving stones primarily
1._______ (mine) from the Shoushan Village. The stones are
carved 2._____ figures, animals and many other artworks.
The Charm of Shoushan Stone, 3.____ ongoing exhibition at
the National Art Museum of China, 4.________ (gather) antique
and modern objects which introduce the tradition of stone
mined
into
an
gathers
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carving in Fujian. It offers a visual introduction to both the fine
quality of Shoushan Stone and the superb skills required
5.___________ (process) it. On show at the exhibition are
seals(印章) made from excellent examples of the stone,
6._______ were sought after among the literati (文人墨客) of the
Ming and Qing dynasties. There are also mini sculptures which
show craftsmen's different 7.____________ (approach) to carving
Shoushan Stone based on its rich colour schemes: a red and
yellow stone that is suitable for sculpting mountains, flowers and
to process
which
approaches
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fruits, a black one for trees and stones 8._____ a grey one for
clouds.
So far, Shoushan Stone, 9._________ (official) named
“Chinese National Stone”, 10._____________ (become) a symbol
of elegance, dignity and wisdom, which is worthy of collection.
and
officially
has become
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【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了福州寿山石的起源
和传统雕刻工艺，它已被正式命名为“中国国石”，成为优雅、尊贵和
智慧的象征，值得收藏。
1._______
mined
[解析] 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，mine在句中作非谓语动
词，它和stones之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语，
故填mined。
2._____
into
[解析] 考查固定短语。 固定短语be carved into表示“被雕刻成”，
故填into。
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3.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。exhibition为可数名词，且ongoing是发音以元音
音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词an，故填an。
4.________
gathers
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，gather在句中为
谓语动词，再结合“It offers a visual introduction to both the fine
quality of Shoushan Stone and the superb skills…”可知，谓语动
词gather使用一般现在时，并且主语the Charm of Shoushan Stone
为单数意义，故填gathers。
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5.___________
to process
[解析] 考查动词不定式。be required to do表示“需要做……”，故
填to process。
6._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定
语从句，seals是先行词，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，因此使用
which引导定语从句，故填which。
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7.____________
approaches
[解析] 考查名词复数。approach(方法)是可数名词，前有different
修饰，需要用复数形式，故填approaches。
8._____
and
[解析] 考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，a red and yellow
stone that is suitable for sculpting mountains, flowers and fruits
和a black one for trees and stones以及a grey one for clouds之
间为并列关系，用并列连词and表示这种关系，故填and。
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9._________
officially
[解析] 考查副词。此处使用副词作状语修饰过去分词named，意为
“正式地”，故填officially。
10._____________
has become
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的so far可知，此处使用现
在完成时，主语Shoushan Stone为单数意义，故填has become。
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