Period Four Using Language
【课前自主探究】
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
1.two 2.have been fantastic 3.take control of
4.relax 5.energetic
Task 2 Fast Reading
1.ADEH 2.BCFG
Task 3 Careful Reading
1—3 CBC
Task 4 Micro-writing
1.sleepy 2.which 3.stimulated 4.regularly 5.that
6.out 7.to adjust 8.quitting 9.comedies 10.refreshed
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.①stimulating ②stimulating ③to think ④which stimulated our passion for ⑤stimulated their interest in exploring their creativity
2.①under ②stressful ③stressed ④when I was stressed out
⑤stress the importance of;lay/place/put stress on/upon the importance of
3.①吸收(光、热、液体、气体等) ②理解;掌握 ③吸引全部注意力;(使)全神贯注于 ④使并入;吞并;同化 ⑤I could absorb what was happening ⑥absorbed/attracted/drew/caught my attention ⑦absorbed myself in/was absorbed in that project;Absorbed in that project;Absorbing myself in that project
4.①Worn ②wearing ③had already (been) worn out
④Worn out as I gradually grew/became
5.①enhancing ②to enhance ③enhance your concentration
④enhance the friendship between our two schools
6.①with ②refreshing ③refreshed ④to refresh themselves
⑤As she felt refreshed/Feeling refreshed
句型透视
1.①facing ②Thinking ③enabling ④had a poor sense of direction;Having a poor sense of direction ⑤turned her head from side to side; turning her head from side to side
2.①lost ②stuck ③strengthened ④got broken; got annoyed; get punished ⑤got hurt by what her husband said; got separated from; she got lostPeriod Four Using Language
Ⅰ.1.disturb 2.shave 3.stimulate 4.cigarettes
5.dizzy 6.dynamic 7.drug 8.skipped
Ⅱ.1.stressful 2.refreshed 3.comedies 4.absorbing 5.monthly 6.to enhance 7.skateboarding 8.sugary
9.stimulating 10.dizzily
Ⅲ.1.stressed out 2.worn out 3.was absorbed in
4.best of all 5.(to) take control of 6.within our power
7.shave off 8.try out
Ⅳ.1.Whenever he returns to this place
2.got refreshed quickly
3.As one/a psychologist says/puts it
4.either replace your partner or run a risk of
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了含有人工食用色素的食品对身体的一些危害。继欧洲要求含有人工色素食品要贴上警告标签后,加州也要和欧盟保持一致。这一举措将提升人们的健康意识,也让食品公司对使用色素做出相应的调整。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A 2021 peer-reviewed report by California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment concluded that artificial food dyes ‘cause or worsen neurobehavioural problems in some children’ and that the current levels regarded safe for consumption by the federal government are too high.”可推断出,2021年的这份报告确认人工食用色素有危害作用。故选A项。
2.C 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“The warning label requirement would put California on par with the European Union, which since 2010 has required food products containing certain artificial food dyes to carry warning labels about their negative effect on activity and attention in children.”可知,欧盟早在2010年已经要求食品要贴上警告标签,由此可猜测加州也要和欧盟保持一致,所以猜测on par with意为“保持一致”。故选C项。
3.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘If you’re a company, you do not want to put a warning label on your product,’ says Lefferts, an environmental health consultant. Warning labels are why European Starburst Fruit Chews are now coloured with natural products, not the artificial dyes that brighten their North American counterparts.(同类商品)”以及倒数第一段中“Given that artificial food dyes are excessively used, we need to be more cautious.”可推断出,人们在购买食品时,会对贴有人工色素警告标签的食品更加警惕,所以食品加工公司为了公司的长久发展,可能会使用天然色素来代替人工色素。故选C项。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given that artificial food dyes are excessively used, we need to be more cautious. After all, we don’t dye fresh fruits and vegetables, but we do dye candy and sprinkles, points out Joe Schwarcz, a chemistry professor at McGill University in Montreal. ‘The foods in which you find food dyes are foods that are poor in nutrition,’ he says. ‘If you limit foods that contain food dyes, you automatically make your diet better.’”可推断出,化学教授Joe Schwarcz对含有人工色素的食物持担心的态度。故选B项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者曾经过于在意女儿的运动训练和比赛,而忽视了她的感受,女儿受伤以后,作者也做出了改变。
1.D 根据上文“I grew up playing sports. My husband, Kenny, was working as a basketball coach.”以及后文“By the time she turned 13 years old, our family life was full of practices and track meets.”可知,女儿有运动天赋。故选D。musical音乐的;academic学术的;technical技术的;athletic运动的。
2.A 根据上文“Watching her outrun other kids…”可知,女儿比其他孩子跑得快,注定会在跑道上取得伟大的成就。故选A。 greatness伟大;fairness公平;humbleness谦虚;vividness生动。
3.C 根据后文“…of college scholarships and even the Olympics in my mind.”可知,女儿现在只有13岁,作者就开始有了大学奖学金甚至奥运会的愿景。故选C。choice选择;comment评论;vision愿景;experience经历。
4.D 根据后文“…Kennedi’s right ankle was seriously torn.”可知,医生宣布女儿受了重伤。故选D。promise承诺;deny否认;admit承认;announce宣布。
5.D 根据后文“…the days when I was a track mum.”可知,女儿如今受了重伤,作者开始回忆起以前。故选D。start开始;spend花费;recognize认出;recall回想起。
6.A 根据下文“That meant a full schedule of training and competitions.”可知,他们把女儿的训练放在了家庭首位。故选A。priority优先权;principle原则;wisdom智慧;standard标准。
7.B 根据上文“That meant a full schedule of training and competitions.”可知,赛道接管了他们的生活。故选B。depend on依靠;take over接管;give way to让步给;put up with忍受。
8.C 根据上文“That meant a full schedule of training and competitions.”可知,此处指女儿不会错过训练,故选C。appointment约会;vacation假期;practice训练,练习;target目标。
9.B 根据后文“…the time Kennedi could spend with her friends.”以及上文为了训练取消家庭聚会可推测,此处表示限制女儿和朋友在一起的时间。故选B。appreciate感激;limit限制;offer提供;stretch延伸。
10.A 根据后文“…the role I played in Kennedi’s life, I realized that I probably cared too much about the medals…”可知,作者在反思自己对女儿所做的事情。故选A。reflect on反思;identify with认同;look up to尊敬;break up分手。
11.A 根据上文“…I probably cared too much about the medals but I was…”可知,作者过于关注奖牌,忽视了女儿的感受。故选A。ignorant忽视的;afraid害怕的;proud骄傲的;ashamed羞愧的。
12.C 后文an actual family vacation提到他们一家去度假,说明是做了改变。故选C。distinction区别;reservation保留;change改变;suggestion建议。
13.C 根据上文“…we cancelled family gatherings.”以及后文an actual family vacation可知,此处指尝试和以前不同的东西。故选C。traditional传统的;similar相似的;different不同的; healthy健康的。
14.B 根据上文“The good news was that Kennedi…”可知,女儿在手术后恢复得很好。故选B。play玩耍;recover恢复; remember记得;know知道。
15.D 后文“…as we know nothing is more important than making our beloved ones healthy and happy.”是他们不想念家庭度假的原因:他们知道没有什么比让所爱的人健康快乐更重要的了。故选D。originally起初;completely完全地;consequently结果;barely几乎不。Period Four Using Language
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
Task 2 Fast Reading
Read the passage and then tell which of the following are in line with Wang Lu or George Fielding.
Wang Lu George Fielding
1. 2.
A.Feeling sleepy and dizzy and lacking passion.
B.Feeling stressed out and more worn out after playing computer games.
C.Deciding to take control of one’s own life.
D.Determining to exercise regularly without eating anything with sugar.
E.Getting the flu easily and experiencing many toothaches.
F.Going rock climbing.
G.Getting refreshed and more energetic.
H.Feeling more dynamic and stronger and sleeping soundly at night.
Task 3 Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer.
( )1.How did Wang Lu do some exercise
A.She went outside every day for at least an hour.
B.She played table tennis with her friends.
C.She took a long walk.
D.She rode her bicycle.
( )2.After Wang Lu decided to change, the following are what Wang Lu is like EXCEPT that .
A.she sleeps soundly at night
B.she feels sleepy and lacks passion
C.she feels more dynamic and stronger
D.she doesn’t suffer from a flu virus or toothaches any longer
( )3.How has rock climbing influenced George Fielding
A.It has worn him out.
B.It has made him stressed.
C.It has got him refreshed.
D.It has decreased his happiness.
Task 4 Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Both Wang Lu and George Fielding changed a lot after attending the summer camp.
Before the camp, Wang often felt 1. (sleep) and dizzy, and lacked passion. She got the flu easily and experienced toothaches, 2. was most worrying. The saying “Change the world by changing yourself” Wang heard at the end of the camp 3. (stimulate) her motivation. Learning too much sugar had damaged her teeth and health, Wang made up her mind to eat nothing with sugar and to exercise 4. (regular). As a result, she feels more dynamic and stronger physically and mentally, and no longer suffers from a flu virus or toothaches. Best of all is 5. she feels like she’s in control of her own life and that it is within her power to make choices about herself.
Feeling stressed 6. after starting high school, George Fielding tried to relax by playing computer games. However, he felt even more worn out afterwards. After the camp, he realised it was important 7. (adjust) his lifestyle, so he decided to take control of his life and find new ways to relax. To succeed in 8. (quit) playing online games, he thought of rock climbing, bowling, watching 9. (comedy), and playing basketball instead. Going rock climbing with his dad monthly has enhanced the quality of his life, getting him 10. (refresh) and more energetic.
1.stimulate vt.(to encourage something to grow, develop, or become active)激发;促进;刺激
(教材P20) This stimulated my motivation.
这激发了我的动力。
(1)stimulate sb to do sth 刺激/激励某人做某事
stimulate one’s appetite 增进某人的食欲
stimulate one’s interest in 激发某人对……的
兴趣
stimulate one’s passion for 激发某人对……的
热情
(2)stimulating adj. 激励人的;刺激的
(3)stimulation n. 刺激;激励
【佳句背诵】
Today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate customers’ appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last.
如今广州的餐馆用一千多种菜品使食客们胃口大开,一道比一道精致、美味。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①It was in these studios that young painters found the support and (stimulate) competition of peers.
②Zhangjiajie National Park is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, one that has seen the tourism boom, (stimulate) economic growth, and providing a lot of job opportunities for the locals.
③Our teachers always ask questions that stimulate us (think).
◆完成句子
④[2023·浙江1月考应用文写作] The event was a valuable and enriching experience, promoting environmental protection.
这次活动是一次宝贵且充实的经历,激发了我们推动环保事业的热情。(应用文写作之活动感受)
⑤The competition was a great success. Not only did it provide the students with a platform to demonstrate their talents, but also it .
比赛取得了巨大的成功。它不仅为学生们提供了一个展示自己才能的平台,而且还激发了他们探索自己创造力的兴趣。(应用文写作之活动感受)
2.stressed out 焦虑不安;心力交瘁
(教材P20) After starting high school, I felt stressed out and always relaxed by playing computer games.
开始上高中之后,我感到焦虑不安,总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松。
(1)stress vt. 强调;重读
n. 压力;强调;重音
stress sb out 令某人疲惫不堪;使某人焦虑不安
stress the importance of… 强调……的重要性
lay/place/put stress on/upon 注重;强调
under stress 在受力时;在压力
之下
under the stress of… 在……的压力下
(2)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的;心力交瘁的
stressful adj. 紧张的;压力大的
[温馨提示] stressful 指某件事制造了压力,担忧和不安;stressed 指人感觉压力大的。
【佳句背诵】
When we’re stressed out, home is always a shelter for us to have a rest.
每当我们心力交瘁时,家总是我们休息的避风港。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①People a lot of stress may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties.
②[2023·北京卷] It’s a joyful and (stress) time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.
③[2023·全国甲卷] Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: research shows it makes us happier, less (stress) and even more optimistic.
◆完成句子/一句多译
④Sometimes, in my academic life, I would let off my anger on her, which unavoidably stirred up fierce quarrels between us.
有时,当我在学术生活上感到压力很大时,我会向她发泄我的愤怒,这不可避免地激起了我们之间的激烈争吵。(读后续写之情绪描写)
⑤我们再怎么强调保护环境的重要性也不为过,因为我们只有一个地球。(应用文写作之环保)
→We cannot protecting the environment too much because we have only one Earth.(v.)
→We cannot protecting the environment too much because we have only one Earth.(n.)
3.absorb vt. (to take up someone’s attention completely)吸引全部注意力;吸收;理解;使并入
(教材P20) I got so absorbed that I played the games day and night.
我十分着迷,没日没夜地玩游戏。
(教材P22) To absorb stress effectively, however, you must be sure to do something that completely takes your mind off everything else.
然而,为了有效地吸收压力,你必须确保做一些完全把你的注意力从其他一切事情上转移开的事情。
(1)absorb/attract/draw/catch one’s attention
吸引某人的注意
absorb…from… 从……中吸收……
(2)be absorbed in 全神贯注于
be absorbed by/into 被……吸收;被……吞并/同化
(3)absorbing adj. 吸引人的;精彩的
(4)absorption n. 吸收;全神贯注,专心致志
[温馨提示] “埋头于,专心于”的多种表达:
apply oneself to, be buried in, be devoted to, be engaged in, be occupied with, concentrate on, put one’s heart into, fix/focus one’s attention on等。
【活学活用】
◆一词多义
①In cold climates, houses need to have walls that will absorb heat.
②[2020·全国新高考Ⅰ卷] In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.
③[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.
④People of many different nationalities have, over the years, been absorbed into the population of the city.
◆完成句子/句式改写
⑤Before , she waved me goodbye and trotted briskly back to the store.
我还没来得及理解发生了什么事,她就向我挥手告别,然后轻快地跑回店里。(读后续写之动作描写)
⑥A book on one of the shelves , and I picked it up.
书架上的一本书引起了我的注意,我把它拿了起来。
⑦[2022·浙江1月考读后续写] I , and I frequently forgot about eating or sleeping.
→ , I frequently forgot about eating or sleeping.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→ , I frequently forgot about eating or sleeping.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
我全神贯注于那个项目,经常忘了吃饭或睡觉。
4.worn out 筋疲力尽的, 疲惫的;磨损的,废旧的
(教材P20) Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards!
玩(电脑游戏)很有趣,但之后我觉得更累了!
(1)wear (wore, worn) v. 穿,戴;蓄(发、须等);磨损;耐用
wear sb out 使某人筋疲力尽
wear (sth) out 磨损;穿破;穿旧
(2)be exhausted/tired out 筋疲力尽
【佳句背诵】
I’ve been tossing and turning all night, and wake up feeling worn out.
我整夜翻来覆去睡不着,醒来时浑身疲惫不堪。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
① (wear) out after a long journey, Harry called and said he couldn’t come.
②They have been running around kicking a ball the whole afternoon, (wear) themselves out.
◆完成句子
③[2021·浙江6月考读后续写] I needed a new football because the old one we played .
我需要一个新足球,因为我们踢的旧足球已经磨损了。
④Meanwhile severe pain from my left leg kept attacking me. , I tried my best to stop my entire body from falling in.(as引导的倒装句)
与此同时,我左腿的剧痛不断袭来。尽管我渐渐变得疲惫不堪,我尽力不让我的整个身体倒下去。
5.enhance vt.(to improve the quality, value, or status of something)提高;增强;增进
(教材P20) It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness.
它提高了我的生活质量,改善了我的健康,增加了我的幸福感。
enhance reputation 提高声誉
enhance knowledge 增加知识
enhance friendship 增进友谊
【佳句背诵】
This new approach to learning manages to engage students’ interest and enhance learning efficiency.
这种新的学习方法能够吸引学生的兴趣并且提高学习效率。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The drug increases the number of red cells in the blood, (enhance) oxygen uptake by 10 percent.
②People there like to eat high-calorie foods such as chicken, beef, mutton, and fish, which are cooked with some Chinese herbs (enhance) the effectiveness of the nourishment(营养).
◆完成句子
③[2024·浙江1月考应用文写作] Secondly, it (the exercise) can , making it easier to stay engaged in class.
第二,它(这种锻炼)可以提高你的专注力,使你更容易在课堂上保持专注。
④I am sure that your involvement will not only help us in winning the award but also
.
我相信你们的参与不仅有助于我们赢得这个奖项,而且还会增进我们两校之间的友谊。(应用文写作之邀请信)
6.refresh vt.(to make someone feel less hot or less tired)使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新
(教材P20) I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends.
通过攀岩我变得精神焕发,与爸爸共度了更多的时光,还认识了新朋友。
(1)refresh oneself 使自己振作精神/恢复活力
refresh oneself with… 用……给自己提神
refresh one’s memory 提醒某人;使某人想起
(2)refreshed adj. 凉爽的;精神振作的
get refreshed 恢复精力
(3)refreshing adj. 使人清爽的;令人耳目一新的;提神的
(4)refreshment n. 恢复精力;食物
【佳句背诵】
The music refreshes my memory and reminds me of all the wonderful performances I’ve seen.
这首音乐唤起了我的记忆,让我想起了我看过的所有精彩的演出。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①I have made it a rule to refresh myself a cup of tea before delivering my lecture to the students.
②It’s a (refresh) change to see a losing team shaking hands and still smiling after a match.
③[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will undoubtedly help you get (refresh)!
◆完成句子
④What’s more, outdoor-activity lovers hold the opinion that taking exercise is a wonderful way .
更重要的是,户外活动爱好者认为锻炼是一种很好的使自己提神的方式。(应用文写作之体育运动)
⑤It was daybreak when Jane woke up. , she continued to walk along the stream to find the way out.简醒来的时候天已经亮了。她感到神清气爽,继续沿着小溪散步,寻找出去的路。
1.(教材P20)It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness.它提高了我的生活质量,改善了我的健康,增加了我的幸福感。
v.-ing形式作状语
句型公式
【句式点拨】
句中improving和increasing是两个平行的现在分词,用作伴随状语。
现在分词常作时间、原因、结果或伴随状语,可放在句子后半部分,用逗号与前面内容隔开,也可放在句首。现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致,且能与状语从句相互转化。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Nervously (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
② (think) the work is difficult, many people doubt if he can finish it on time.
③The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake, (enable) the students to return to their classrooms.
◆句式改写
④[2024·浙江1月考读后续写] Eva , so she found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.
→ ,
Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. (用分词改写) 由于方向感不好,伊娃发现在这么大的楼里走动是不可能的。
⑤[2023·浙江1月考读后续写] For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes and .
→For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes,
.(用分词改写)
在很长的一段时间里,这个小动物看着我的眼睛,把“她”的头从一边转到另一边。
2.(教材P20)I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends.通过攀岩我变得精神焕发,与爸爸共度了更多的时光,还认识了新朋友。
get+过去分词
句型公式
【句式点拨】
本句中get refreshed是“get+过去分词”结构,和“be+过去分词”结构一样, “get+过去分词”能用于被动结构和系表结构。用于被动结构时,它强调动作的发生;用于系表结构时,它强调状态的变化。常见的结构有:
get broken破了 get lost迷路
get punished受到惩罚 get hurt受到伤害
get admitted被录取 get married结婚
get annoyed生气 get excited激动
get separated被分开
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①In the vast expanse of her school, a girl with poor directional skills struggled to navigate and often got (lose).
②The longer the mountaineering team of five members got (stick)in the wild, the less hope of survival there would be.
③As was planned, our relatives from France came to visit us that Christmas. It was a time when the family bond got (strengthen).
◆完成句子
④His valuable vase and he so much that his hands trembled uncontrollably.Whoever broke the vase would .
他贵重的花瓶被打碎了,他非常生气,双手不受控制地颤抖。 无论谁打破花瓶都将受到惩罚。(读后续写之心理描写)
⑤Jane ,so she her husband.Having felt her way in the unfamiliar forest for a long time, Jane was conscious that ,panicking her into crying.
她丈夫的话伤害了简,因此,她和丈夫分开了。在陌生的树林里摸索前行了很长时间后,简意识到她迷路了,吓得大哭起来。(读后续写之心理描写)Period Four Using Language
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.Talk quietly in the reading room in order not to (打扰) others.
2.My father always keeps himself tidy;no matter how tired he is, he never skips a (刮脸).
3.The golden words “this country is its people; the people are the country” will (激励) all of the Chinese to strive forward.
4.The law forbids the sale of (香烟) to people under the age of 16.
5.Going without sleep for a long time makes me feel (头晕目眩的) and light-headed.
6.While they may not be as (动态的) as an iPad, textbooks are not passive or lifeless.
7.The new (药物) could be an important step in the fight against cancer.
8.When I read the novel I (跳过) these dry passages of description.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.Whether you are moving across the country or taking a road trip, travelling can be a (stress) activity.
2.He slept soundly and awoke feeling completely (refresh).
3.He loved watching (comedy) best and hoped to become a comedy actor one day.
4.I read her last novel and found it very (absorb).
5.They have to spend much time participating in weekly and (month) meetings, contributing their own efforts to lots of projects.
6.It is a precious opportunity (enhance) the reputation of the company.
7.Like surfing, (skateboard) is challenging and difficult.
8.Too many (sugar) canned drinks will harm your teeth, so you should learn to control the intake of sugar.
9.Exercise is beneficial to people’s health in (stimulate) the digestive system.
10.Her face was drawn with pain and she swayed (dizzy) against the door.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.When you feel (焦虑不安的), you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall.
2.Last week he was arguing that all the current team members were (筋疲力尽的) and needed changing.
3.The book was so interesting and fascinating that he (专注于) it completely, even forgetting to eat and sleep.
4.This medicine has many advantages; (最妙的是), it has no side effects.
5.All we have to do is (掌控) our emotions and make them positive .
6.To buy such a big house in a large city really isn’t (在我们能力范围内);we’d better purchase a small one.
7.It might be a good idea to (剃掉) your beard before going to New York for the interview.
8.I’ll give you a free path so that you can (尝试) the facilities before you decide.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1. , he is happy and contented.
无论何时他回到这个地方,他都是开心和满足的。
2.He had a long run yesterday, but he after a cup of cold chocolate milk. (refresh)
他昨天进行了一次长跑,但喝了一杯冷巧克力牛奶后很快就恢复了精神。
3. , a kid who lacks confidence will be unwilling to try something new. (as引导的从句)
正如一位心理学家所说,缺乏自信的孩子将不愿意尝试新事物。
4.In the present situation, you ruining your project. (either…or…)
在目前的情况下,你要么更换你的合作伙伴,要么冒险毁掉你的项目。
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
[2024·江苏南京六校联合体高二联考]
That artificial food dyes(染料) are unhealthy is not news. Some are known to cause hyperactivity(多动症) in some children, affecting their ability to learn. But regulatory agencies around the world don’t necessarily agree on which food dyes are a problem, or why. That may soon change. A 2021 peer-reviewed report by California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment concluded that artificial food dyes “cause or worsen neurobehavioural problems in some children” and that the current levels regarded safe for consumption by the federal government are too high.
California is now considering requiring warning labels on food products and dietary supplements containing the seven most commonly used artificial dyes. The warning label requirement would put California on par with the European Union, which since 2010 has required food products containing certain artificial food dyes to carry warning labels about their negative effect on activity and attention in children.
Artificial dyes are used in foods for one reason: to make products look prettier. Bright colours make candies appealing, especially to kids. But dyes are also in chocolate cake mixes, salad dressings and other products that don’t seem to cry out for a colour boost.
In Europe, it was the 2010 label lawmaking that triggered companies’ decisions to reformulate. “If you’re a company, you do not want to put a warning label on your product,” says Lefferts, an environmental health consultant. Warning labels are why European Starburst Fruit Chews are now coloured with natural products, not the artificial dyes that brighten their North American counterparts(同类商品).
Given that artificial food dyes are excessively used, we need to be more cautious. After all, we don’t dye fresh fruits and vegetables, but we do dye candy and sprinkles, points out Joe Schwarcz, a chemistry professor at McGill University in Montreal. “The foods in which you find food dyes are foods that are poor in nutrition,” he says. “If you limit foods that contain food dyes, you automatically make your diet better.”
( )1.What can we learn about artificial food dyes from Paragraph 1
A.A 2021 report confirmed their negative effects.
B.The fact that they are harmful is newly revealed.
C.Regulatory agencies consider them a serious problem.
D.The federal government thinks their current standard too high.
( )2.What does the underlined part “on par with” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.In opposition to.
B.Ahead of.
C.In line with.
D.Behind.
( )3. Which might be a possible result of the new rule according to the article
A.Food companies will stop colouring their products.
B.More fresh fruits and vegetables will appear in the market.
C.Food companies may replace artificial dyes with natural products.
D.It will be hard to find packaged foods without warning labels of dyes.
( )4.What’s Joe Schwarcz’s attitude towards artificial food dyes
A.Approving. B.Concerned.
C.Neutral. D.Indifferent.
●Ⅵ 完形填空
[2024·辽宁部分学校高二期中考试]
I grew up playing sports. My husband, Kenny, was working as a basketball coach. We weren’t surprised when our daughter Kennedi showed early 1 excellence. Watching her outrun other kids, we knew she was destined (注定的) for 2 on the track.
By the time she turned 13 years old, our family life was full of practices and track meets. I had 3 of college scholarships and even the Olympics in my mind. Certainly, I did not expect it when the doctor 4 Kennedi’s right ankle was seriously torn.
I couldn’t help 5 the days when I was a track mum. When Kennedi was only six years old, we made track our household 6 . That meant a full schedule of training and competitions. Slowly but surely, track 7 our lives. To ensure Kennedi wouldn’t miss any 8 , we cancelled family gatherings. I even 9 the time Kennedi could spend with her friends.
10 the role I played in Kennedi’s life, I realized that I probably cared too much about the medals but I was 11 of Kennedi’s true feelings. So I decided to make a 12 . For the first time in years, we tried something 13 : an actual family vacation. It was the best time we’d had together.
The good news was that Kennedi 14 very well after some surgery. We’re back to a busy family life. But we 15 miss family vacations, as we know nothing is more important than making our beloved ones healthy and happy.
( )1.A.musical B.academic
C.technical D.athletic
( )2.A.greatness B.fairness
C.humbleness D.vividness
( )3.A.choices B.comment
C.visions D.experience
( )4.A.promised B.denied
C.admitted D.announced
( )5.A.starting B.spending
C.recognizing D.recalling
( )6.A.priority B.principle
C.wisdom D.standard
( )7.A.depended on B.took over
C.gave way to D.put up with
( )8.A.appointment B.vacation
C.practice D.target
( )9.A.appreciated B.limited
C.offered D.stretched
( )10.A.Reflecting on B.Identifying with
C.Looking up to D.Breaking up
( )11.A.ignorant B.afraid
C.proud D.ashamed
( )12.A.distinction B.reservation
C.change D.suggestion
( )13.A.traditional B.similar
C.different D.healthy
( )14.A.played B.recovered
C.remembered D.knew
( )15.A.originally B.completely
C.consequently D.barely(共90张PPT)
Period Four
Using Language
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
two
have been fantastic
take control of
relax
energetic
Task 2 Fast Reading
Read the passage and then tell which of the following are in
line with Wang Lu or George Fielding.
Wang Lu George Fielding
1._______ 2._______
ADEH
BCFG
A.Feeling sleepy and dizzy and lacking passion.
B.Feeling stressed out and more worn out after playing
computer games.
C.Deciding to take control of one's own life.
D.Determining to exercise regularly without eating anything with
sugar.
E.Getting the flu easily and experiencing many toothaches.
F.Going rock climbing.
G.Getting refreshed and more energetic.
H.Feeling more dynamic and stronger and sleeping soundly at
night.
Task 3 Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer.
( ) 1.How did Wang Lu do some exercise
A.She went outside every day for at least an hour.
B.She played table tennis with her friends.
C.She took a long walk.
D.She rode her bicycle.
√
( ) 2.After Wang Lu decided to change, the following are
what Wang Lu is like EXCEPT that________.
A.she sleeps soundly at night
B.she feels sleepy and lacks passion
C.she feels more dynamic and stronger
D.she doesn't suffer from a flu virus or toothaches any longer
√
( ) 3.How has rock climbing influenced George Fielding
A.It has worn him out.
B.It has made him stressed.
C.It has got him refreshed.
D.It has decreased his happiness.
√
Task 4 Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Both Wang Lu and George Fielding changed a lot after
attending the summer camp.
Before the camp, Wang often felt 1._______ (sleep) and
dizzy, and lacked passion. She got the flu easily and
experienced toothaches, 2._______was most worrying. The saying
“Change the world by changing yourself” Wang heard at the
end of the camp 3.___________ (stimulate) her motivation.
sleepy
which
stimulated
Learning too much sugar had damaged her teeth and health,
Wang made up her mind to eat nothing with sugar and to
exercise 4._________ (regular). As a result, she feels more
dynamic and stronger physically and mentally, and no longer
suffers from a flu virus or toothaches. Best of all is 5._____she
feels like she's in control of her own life and that it is within
her power to make choices about herself.
Feeling stressed 6._____after starting high school, George
Fielding tried to relax by playing computer games.
regularly
that
out
However, he felt even more worn out afterwards. After the
camp, he realised it was important 7.__________ (adjust) his
lifestyle, so he decided to take control of his life and find new
ways to relax. To succeed in 8.________ (quit) playing online
games, he thought of rock climbing, bowling, watching
9.__________ (comedy), and playing basketball instead. Going
rock climbing with his dad monthly has enhanced the quality of
his life, getting him 10.__________ (refresh) and more energetic.
to adjust
quitting
comedies
refreshed
1. stimulate vt.(to encourage something to grow, develop, or
become active)激发;促进;刺激
(教材P20) This stimulated my motivation.
这激发了我的动力。
(1)stimulate sb to do sth 刺激/激励某人做某事
stimulate one's appetite 增进某人的食欲
stimulate one's interest in 激发某人对……的兴趣
stimulate one's passion for 激发某人对……的热情
(2)stimulating adj. 激励人的;刺激的
(3)stimulation n. 刺激;激励
【佳句背诵】
Today Guangzhou's restaurants stimulate customers' appetite
with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious
than the last.
如今广州的餐馆用一千多种菜品使食客们胃口大开,一道比一道精致、
美味。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①It was in these studios that young painters found the support
and ___________ (stimulate) competition of peers.
stimulating
②Zhangjiajie National Park is now a UNESCO World Heritage
Site, one that has seen the tourism boom, ___________
(stimulate) economic growth, and providing a lot of job
opportunities for the locals.
stimulating
③Our teachers always ask questions that stimulate us _________
(think).
to think
◆完成句子
④[2023·浙江1月考应用文写作] The event was a valuable and
enriching experience, _______________________________
promoting environmental protection.
这次活动是一次宝贵且充实的经历，激发了我们推动环保事业的热
情。(应用文写作之活动感受)
which stimulated our passion for
⑤The competition was a great success. Not only did it provide
the students with a platform to demonstrate their talents, but
also it ________________________________________________.
比赛取得了巨大的成功。它不仅为学生们提供了一个展示自己才能
的平台，而且还激发了他们探索自己创造力的兴趣。(应用文写作之
活动感受)
stimulated their interest in exploring their creativity
2.stressed out 焦虑不安;心力交瘁
(教材P20) After starting high school, I felt stressed out and
always relaxed by playing computer games.
开始上高中之后,我感到焦虑不安,总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松。
(1)stress vt. 强调;重读
n. 压力;强调;重音
stress sb out 令某人疲惫不堪;使某人焦虑不安
stress the importance of…
强调……的重要性
lay/place/put stress on/upon
注重;强调
under stress 在受力时;在压力之下
under the stress of… 在……的压力下
(2)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的;心力交瘁的
stressful adj. 紧张的;压力大的
［温馨提示］stressful 指某件事制造了压力，担忧和不安；stressed
指人感觉压力大的。
【佳句背诵】
When we're stressed out, home is always a shelter for us to
have a rest.
每当我们心力交瘁时，家总是我们休息的避风港。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①People_______a lot of stress may experience headaches and
sleeping difficulties.
under
②[2023·北京卷] It's a joyful and _________ (stress) time of year
in the United States for students and their families as they
make decisions about where to attend college.
stressful
③[2023·全国甲卷] Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: research
shows it makes us happier, less_________(stress) and even more
optimistic.
stressed
◆完成句子/一句多译
④Sometimes, ________________________ in my academic life, I
would let off my anger on her, which unavoidably stirred up
fierce quarrels between us.
有时，当我在学术生活上感到压力很大时，我会向她发泄我的愤怒，
这不可避免地激起了我们之间的激烈争吵。(读后续写之情绪描写)
when I was stressed out
⑤我们再怎么强调保护环境的重要性也不为过,因为我们只有一个地
球。(应用文写作之环保)
→We cannot ________________________ protecting the
environment too much because we have only one Earth.(v.)
→We cannot _____________________________________________
protecting the environment too much because we have only
one Earth.(n.)
stress the importance of
lay/place/put stress on/upon the importance of
3.absorb vt. (to take up someone's attention completely)吸引全
部注意力;吸收;理解;使并入
(教材P20) I got so absorbed that I played the games day and
night. 我十分着迷,没日没夜地玩游戏。
(教材P22) To absorb stress effectively, however, you must be
sure to do something that completely takes your mind off
everything else. 然而，为了有效地吸收压力,你必须确保做一些完全
把你的注意力从其他一切事情上转移开的事情。
(1)absorb/attract/draw/catch one's attention
吸引某人的注意
absorb…from… 从……中吸收……
(2)be absorbed in 全神贯注于
be absorbed by/into 被……吸收;被……吞并/
同化
(3)absorbing adj. 吸引人的;精彩的
(4)absorption n. 吸收;全神贯注,专心致志
［温馨提示］ “埋头于,专心于”的多种表达:
apply oneself to, be buried in, be devoted to, be engaged in,
be occupied with, concentrate on, put one's heart into, fix/focus
one's attention on等。
【活学活用】
◆一词多义
①In cold climates, houses need to have walls that will absorb
heat. ___________________________
②[2020·全国新高考Ⅰ卷] In fact, most people only absorb about
20 percent of a speaker's message.__________
吸收(光、热、液体、气体等)
理解;掌握
③[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in
many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in
thought or lost in a moment of leisure. ______________________
________
吸引全部注意力;(使)全神贯注于
④People of many different nationalities have, over the years,
been absorbed into the population of the city. _______________
使并入;吞并;同化
◆完成句子/句式改写
⑤Before __________________________________, she waved me
goodbye and trotted briskly back to the store.
我还没来得及理解发生了什么事，她就向我挥手告别，然后轻快地
跑回店里。(读后续写之动作描写)
I could absorb what was happening
⑥A book on one of the shelves ____________________________
____________, and I picked it up.
书架上的一本书引起了我的注意，我把它拿了起来。
absorbed/attracted/drew/caught
my attention
⑦[2022·浙江1月考读后续写] I ________________________________
______________, and I frequently forgot about eating or
sleeping.
→ ________________________, I frequently forgot about eating
or sleeping.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→ _______________________________, I frequently forgot about
eating or sleeping.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
我全神贯注于那个项目，经常忘了吃饭或睡觉。
absorbed myself in/was absorbed in that project
Absorbed in that project
Absorbing myself in that project
4.worn out 筋疲力尽的, 疲惫的;磨损的,废旧的
(教材P20) Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out
afterwards!
玩(电脑游戏)很有趣,但之后我觉得更累了!
(1)wear (wore, worn) v. 穿,戴;蓄(发、须等);磨损;耐用
wear sb out 使某人筋疲力尽
wear (sth) out 磨损；穿破；穿旧
(2)be exhausted/tired out 筋疲力尽
【佳句背诵】
I've been tossing and turning all night, and wake up feeling
worn out.
我整夜翻来覆去睡不着，醒来时浑身疲惫不堪。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①______(wear) out after a long journey, Harry called and said
he couldn't come.
②They have been running around kicking a ball the whole
afternoon,_________(wear) themselves out.
Worn
wearing
◆完成句子
③[2021·浙江6月考读后续写] I needed a new football because
the old one we played ____________________________.
我需要一个新足球，因为我们踢的旧足球已经磨损了。
had already (been) worn out
④Meanwhile severe pain from my left leg kept attacking
me.____________________________________, I tried my best to
stop my entire body from falling in.(as引导的倒装句)
与此同时，我左腿的剧痛不断袭来。尽管我渐渐变得疲惫不堪，我
尽力不让我的整个身体倒下去。
Worn out as I gradually grew/became
5.enhance vt.(to improve the quality, value, or status of
something)提高;增强;增进
(教材P20) It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my
health and increasing my happiness.
它提高了我的生活质量,改善了我的健康,增加了我的幸福感。
enhance reputation 提高声誉
enhance knowledge 增加知识
enhance friendship 增进友谊
【佳句背诵】
This new approach to learning manages to engage students'
interest and enhance learning efficiency.
这种新的学习方法能够吸引学生的兴趣并且提高学习效率。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The drug increases the number of red cells in the blood,
___________ (enhance) oxygen uptake by 10 percent.
enhancing
②People there like to eat high-calorie foods such as chicken,
beef, mutton, and fish, which are cooked with some Chinese
herbs ____________ (enhance) the effectiveness of the
nourishment(营养).
to enhance
◆完成句子
③[2024·浙江1月考应用文写作] Secondly, it (the exercise) can
___________________________, making it easier to stay engaged
in class.
第二，它(这种锻炼)可以提高你的专注力，使你更容易在课堂上保持
专注。
enhance your concentration
④I am sure that your involvement will not only help us in
winning the award but also _________________________________
_______________.
我相信你们的参与不仅有助于我们赢得这个奖项，而且还会增进我
们两校之间的友谊。(应用文写作之邀请信)
enhance the friendship between our two schools
6.refresh vt.(to make someone feel less hot or less tired)使恢复
精力;使凉爽;刷新
(教材P20) I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time
with my dad, and get to meet new friends.
通过攀岩我变得精神焕发,与爸爸共度了更多的时光,还认识了新朋友。
(1)refresh oneself 使自己振作精神/恢复活力
refresh oneself with… 用……给自己提神
refresh one's memory 提醒某人;使某人想起
(2)refreshed adj. 凉爽的;精神振作的
get refreshed 恢复精力
(3)refreshing adj. 使人清爽的;令人耳目一新的;提神的
(4)refreshment n. 恢复精力;食物
【佳句背诵】
The music refreshes my memory and reminds me of all the
wonderful performances I've seen.
这首音乐唤起了我的记忆,让我想起了我看过的所有精彩的演出。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①I have made it a rule to refresh myself_____a cup of tea
before delivering my lecture to the students.
②It's a __________ (refresh) change to see a losing team
shaking hands and still smiling after a match.
with
refreshing
③[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] The hot spring at the foot of the
mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will
undoubtedly help you get __________ (refresh)!
refreshed
◆完成句子
④What's more, outdoor-activity lovers hold the opinion that
taking exercise is a wonderful way _____________________.
更重要的是，户外活动爱好者认为锻炼是一种很好的使自己提神的
方式。(应用文写作之体育运动)
to refresh themselves
⑤It was daybreak when Jane woke up._______________________
________________, she continued to walk along the
stream to find the way out.简醒来的时候天已经亮了。她感到神清
气爽，继续沿着小溪散步，寻找出去的路。
As she felt refreshed/
Feeling refreshed
1.(教材P20)It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving
my health and increasing my happiness.它提高了我的生活质量,
改善了我的健康,增加了我的幸福感。
句型公式
v.-ing形式作状语
【句式点拨】
句中improving和increasing是两个平行的现在分词,用作伴随状语。
现在分词常作时间、原因、结果或伴随状语,可放在句子后半部分,用
逗号与前面内容隔开,也可放在句首。现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语
与句子的主语一致,且能与状语从句相互转化。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Nervously _______(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to
myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
②_________ (think) the work is difficult, many people doubt if
he can finish it on time.
facing
Thinking
③The retired man donated most of his savings to the school
damaged by the earthquake, _________ (enable) the students to
return to their classrooms.
enabling
◆句式改写
④[2024·浙江1月考读后续写] Eva _____________________________,
so she found it impossible to get around in such a huge
building.
→________________________________,Eva found it impossible to
get around in such a huge building.
(用分词改写) 由于方向感不好，伊娃发现在这么大的楼里走动是不
可能的。
had a poor sense of direction
Having a poor sense of direction
⑤[2023·浙江1月考读后续写] For a very long moment, this tiny
creature looked into my eyes and ___________________________
_______.
→For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my
eyes, __________________________________.(用分词改写)
在很长的一段时间里，这个小动物看着我的眼睛，把“她”的头从一边
转到另一边。
turned her head from side to side
turning her head from side to side
2.(教材P20)I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time
with my dad, and get to meet new friends.通过攀岩我变得精
神焕发,与爸爸共度了更多的时光,还认识了新朋友。
句型公式
get+过去分词
【句式点拨】
本句中get refreshed是“get+过去分词”结构，和“be+过去分词”结构
一样， “get+过去分词”能用于被动结构和系表结构。用于被动结构
时，它强调动作的发生；用于系表结构时，它强调状态的变化。常
见的结构有：
get broken破了 get lost迷路
get punished受到惩罚 get hurt受到伤害
get admitted被录取 get married结婚
get annoyed生气 get excited激动
get separated被分开
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①In the vast expanse of her school, a girl with poor directional
skills struggled to navigate and often got_____(lose).
lost
②The longer the mountaineering team of five members
got______(stick)in the wild, the less hope of survival there would
be.
stuck
③As was planned, our relatives from France came to visit us
that Christmas. It was a time when the family bond got
_____________ (strengthen).
strengthened
◆完成句子
④His valuable vase ____________ and he _____________ so
much that his hands trembled uncontrollably. Whoever broke
the vase would _____________.
他贵重的花瓶被打碎了，他非常生气，双手不受控制地颤抖。无论
谁打破花瓶都将受到惩罚。(读后续写之心理描写)
got broken
got annoyed
get punished
⑤Jane __________________________________，so she
___________________ her husband. Having felt her way in the
unfamiliar forest for a long time， Jane was conscious that
_____________，panicking her into crying.
她丈夫的话伤害了简，因此，她和丈夫分开了。在陌生的树林里摸
索前行了很长时间后，简意识到她迷路了，吓得大哭起来。(读后续
写之心理描写)
got hurt by what her husband said
got separated from
she got lost
练 习 册
Ⅰ单词拼写
1.Talk quietly in the reading room in order not to ________
(打扰) others.
disturb
2.My father always keeps himself tidy;no matter how tired he is,
he never skips a _______ (刮脸).
shave
3.The golden words “this country is its people; the people are
the country” will __________ (激励) all of the Chinese to strive
forward.
stimulate
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4.The law forbids the sale of __________ (香烟) to people under
the age of 16.
cigarettes
5.Going without sleep for a long time makes me feel ______
(头晕目眩的) and light-headed.
dizzy
6.While they may not be as _________ (动态的) as an iPad,
textbooks are not passive or lifeless.
dynamic
7.The new ______ (药物) could be an important step in the
fight against cancer.
drug
8.When I read the novel I ________ (跳过) these dry passages
of description.
skipped
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Ⅱ单句填空
1.Whether you are moving across the country or taking a road
trip, travelling can be a _________ (stress) activity.
stressful
2.He slept soundly and awoke feeling completely __________
(refresh).
refreshed
3.He loved watching __________ (comedy) best and hoped to
become a comedy actor one day.
comedies
4.I read her last novel and found it very __________ (absorb).
absorbing
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5.They have to spend much time participating in weekly and
_________ (month) meetings, contributing their own efforts to
lots of projects.
monthly
6.It is a precious opportunity ____________ (enhance) the
reputation of the company.
to enhance
7.Like surfing, ______________ (skateboard) is challenging and
difficult.
skateboarding
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8.Too many _______ (sugar) canned drinks will harm your teeth,
so you should learn to control the intake of sugar.
sugary
9.Exercise is beneficial to people's health in ___________
(stimulate) the digestive system.
stimulating
10.Her face was drawn with pain and she swayed _______
(dizzy) against the door.
dizzily
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Ⅲ短语填空
1.When you feel _____________ (焦虑不安的), you can also try
to sit up straight or stand tall.
stressed out
2.Last week he was arguing that all the current team members
were __________ (筋疲力尽的) and needed changing.
worn out
3.The book was so interesting and fascinating that he
_________________ (专注于) it completely, even forgetting to eat
and sleep.
was absorbed in
4.This medicine has many advantages; ___________ (最妙的是), it
has no side effects.
best of all
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5.All we have to do is ___________________ (掌控) our
emotions and make them positive.
(to) take control of
6.To buy such a big house in a large city really isn't
_________________ (在我们能力范围内);we'd better purchase a
small one.
within our power
7.It might be a good idea to __________ (剃掉) your beard
before going to New York for the interview.
shave off
8.I'll give you a free path so that you can ________ (尝试) the
facilities before you decide.
try out
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Ⅳ句型训练
1._________________________________, he is happy and
contented.
无论何时他回到这个地方,他都是开心和满足的。
Whenever he returns to this place
2.He had a long run yesterday, but he _____________________
after a cup of cold chocolate milk. (refresh)
他昨天进行了一次长跑,但喝了一杯冷巧克力牛奶后很快就恢复了精神。
got refreshed quickly
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3._________________________________, a kid who lacks
confidence will be unwilling to try something new. (as引导的从句)
正如一位心理学家所说,缺乏自信的孩子将不愿意尝试新事物。
As one/a psychologist says/puts it
4.In the present situation, you _______________________________
____________ ruining your project. (either…or…)
在目前的情况下,你要么更换你的合作伙伴,要么冒险毁掉你的项目。
either replace your partner or run a risk of
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Ⅴ阅读理解
[2024·江苏南京六校联合体高二联考]
That artificial food dyes(染料) are unhealthy is not news.
Some are known to cause hyperactivity(多动症) in some children,
affecting their ability to learn. But regulatory agencies around
the world don't necessarily agree on which food dyes are a
problem, or why. That may soon change. A 2021 peer-reviewed
report by California's Office of Environmental Health Hazard
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Assessment concluded that artificial food dyes “cause or worsen
neurobehavioural problems in some children” and that the
current levels regarded safe for consumption by the federal
government are too high.
California is now considering requiring warning labels on
food products and dietary supplements containing the seven
most commonly used artificial dyes. The warning label
requirement would put California on par with the European
Union, which since 2010 has required food products containing
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certain artificial food dyes to carry warning labels about their
negative effect on activity and attention in children.
Artificial dyes are used in foods for one reason: to make
products look prettier. Bright colours make candies appealing,
especially to kids. But dyes are also in chocolate cake mixes,
salad dressings and other products that don't seem to cry out
for a colour boost.
In Europe, it was the 2010 label lawmaking that triggered
companies' decisions to reformulate.
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“If you're a company, you do not want to put a warning label
on your product,” says Lefferts, an environmental health
consultant. Warning labels are why European Starburst Fruit
Chews are now coloured with natural products, not the artificial
dyes that brighten their North American counterparts(同类商品).
Given that artificial food dyes are excessively used, we need
to be more cautious. After all, we don't dye fresh fruits and
vegetables, but we do dye candy and sprinkles, points out Joe
Schwarcz, a chemistry professor at McGill University in Montreal.
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“The foods in which you find food dyes are foods that are poor
in nutrition,” he says. “If you limit foods that contain food dyes,
you automatically make your diet better.”
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了含有人工食用色
素的食品对身体的一些危害。继欧洲要求含有人工色素食品要贴上
警告标签后，加州也要和欧盟保持一致。这一举措将提升人们的健
康意识，也让食品公司对使用色素做出相应的调整。
( ) 1.What can we learn about artificial food dyes from
Paragraph 1
A.A 2021 report confirmed their negative effects.
B.The fact that they are harmful is newly revealed.
C.Regulatory agencies consider them a serious problem.
D.The federal government thinks their current standard too high.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A 2021 peer-reviewed report
by California's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
concluded that artificial food dyes ‘cause or worsen
neurobehavioural problems in some children’ and that the
current levels regarded safe for consumption by the federal
government are too high.”可推断出，2021年的这份报告确认人工
食用色素有危害作用。故选A项。
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( ) 2.What does the underlined part “on par with” in
Paragraph 2 mean
A.In opposition to. B.Ahead of.
C.In line with. D.Behind.
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[解析] 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“The warning label requirement
would put California on par with the European Union, which
since 2010 has required food products containing certain
artificial food dyes to carry warning labels about their negative
effect on activity and attention in children.”可知，欧盟早在2010
年已经要求食品要贴上警告标签，由此可猜测加州也要和欧盟保持
一致，所以猜测on par with意为“保持一致”。故选C项。
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( ) 3.Which might be a possible result of the new rule
according to the article
A.Food companies will stop colouring their products.
B.More fresh fruits and vegetables will appear in the market.
C.Food companies may replace artificial dyes with natural
products.
D.It will be hard to find packaged foods without warning labels
of dyes.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘If you're a company, you
do not want to put a warning label on your product,’ says
Lefferts, an environmental health consultant. Warning labels are
why European Starburst Fruit Chews are now coloured with
natural products, not the artificial dyes that brighten their North
American counterparts.(同类商品)”以及倒数第一段中“Given that
artificial food dyes are excessively used, we need to be more
cautious.”可推断出，人们在购买食品时，会对贴有人工色素警告标
签的食品更加警惕，所以食品加工公司为了公司的长久发展，可能
会使用天然色素来代替人工色素。故选C项。
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( ) 4.What's Joe Schwarcz's attitude towards artificial food
dyes
A.Approving. B.Concerned. C.Neutral. D.Indifferent.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given that artificial food dyes
are excessively used, we need to be more cautious. After all, we
don't dye fresh fruits and vegetables, but we do dye candy and
sprinkles, points out Joe Schwarcz, a chemistry professor at
McGill University in Montreal. ‘The foods in which you find food
dyes are foods that are poor in nutrition,’ he says. ‘If you limit
foods that contain food dyes, you automatically make your diet
better.’”可推断出，化学教授Joe Schwarcz对含有人工色素的食物持
担心的态度。故选B项。
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Ⅵ完形填空
[2024·辽宁部分学校高二期中考试]
I grew up playing sports. My husband, Kenny, was working
as a basketball coach. We weren't surprised when our daughter
Kennedi showed early . .1. . excellence. Watching her outrun other
kids, we knew she was destined (注定的) for . .2. . on the track.
By the time she turned 13 years old, our family life was full
of practices and track meets. I had . .3. . of college scholarships
and even the Olympics in my mind. Certainly, I did not expect
it when the doctor . .4. . Kennedi's right ankle was seriously torn.
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I couldn't help . .5. . the days when I was a track mum.
When Kennedi was only six years old, we made track our
household . .6. .. That meant a full schedule of training and
competitions. Slowly but surely, track . .7. . our lives. To ensure
Kennedi wouldn't miss any . .8. ., we cancelled family gatherings. I
even . .9. . the time Kennedi could spend with her friends.
. .10. . the role I played in Kennedi's life, I realized that I
probably cared too much about the medals but I was . .11. . of
Kennedi's true feelings. So I decided to make a . .12. .. For the
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first time in years, we tried something . .13. .: an actual family
vacation. It was the best time we'd had together.
The good news was that Kennedi . .14. . very well after some
surgery. We're back to a busy family life. But we . .15. . miss
family vacations, as we know nothing is more important than
making our beloved ones healthy and happy.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者曾经过于在意女儿
的运动训练和比赛，而忽视了她的感受，女儿受伤以后，作者也做
出了改变。
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( ) 1.A.musical B.academic C.technical D.athletic
[解析] 根据上文“I grew up playing sports. My husband, Kenny,
was working as a basketball coach.”以及后文“By the time she
turned 13 years old, our family life was full of practices and
track meets.”可知，女儿有运动天赋。故选D。musical音乐的；
academic学术的；technical技术的；athletic运动的。
√
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( ) 2.A.greatness B.fairness
C.humbleness D.vividness
[解析] 根据上文“Watching her outrun other kids…”可知，女儿比
其他孩子跑得快，注定会在跑道上取得伟大的成就。故选A。
greatness伟大；fairness公平；humbleness谦虚；vividness生动。
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( ) 3.A.choices B.comment C.visions D.experience
[解析] 根据后文“…of college scholarships and even the Olympics
in my mind.”可知，女儿现在只有13岁，作者就开始有了大学奖学
金甚至奥运会的愿景。故选C。choice选择；comment评论；vision
愿景；experience经历。
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( ) 4.A.promised B.denied C.admitted D.announced
[解析] 根据后文“…Kennedi's right ankle was seriously torn.”可知，
医生宣布女儿受了重伤。故选D。promise承诺；deny否认；admit承
认；announce宣布。
( ) 5.A.starting B.spending C.recognizing D.recalling
[解析] 根据后文“…the days when I was a track mum.”可知，女
儿如今受了重伤，作者开始回忆起以前。故选D。start开始；spend
花费；recognize认出；recall回想起。
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( ) 6.A.priority B.principle C.wisdom D.standard
[解析] 根据下文“That meant a full schedule of training and
competitions.”可知，他们把女儿的训练放在了家庭首位。故选A。
priority优先权；principle原则；wisdom智慧；standard标准。
( ) 7.A.depended on B.took over
C.gave way to D.put up with
[解析] 根据上文“That meant a full schedule of training and
competitions.”可知，赛道接管了他们的生活。故选B。depend on依
靠；take over接管；give way to让步给；put up with忍受。
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( ) 8.A.appointment B.vacation C.practice D.target
[解析] 根据上文“That meant a full schedule of training and
competitions.”可知，此处指女儿不会错过训练，故选C。
appointment约会；vacation假期；practice训练，练习；target目标。
( ) 9.A.appreciated B.limited C.offered D.stretched
[解析] 根据后文“…the time Kennedi could spend with her
friends.”以及上文为了训练取消家庭聚会可推测，此处表示限制女儿
和朋友在一起的时间。故选B。appreciate感激；limit限制；offer提
供；stretch延伸。
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( ) 10.A.Reflecting on B.Identifying with
C.Looking up to D.Breaking up
[解析] 根据后文“…the role I played in Kennedi's life, I realized
that I probably cared too much about the medals…”可知，作者
在反思自己对女儿所做的事情。故选A。reflect on反思；identify
with认同；look up to尊敬；break up分手。
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( ) 11.A.ignorant B.afraid C.proud D.ashamed
[解析] 根据上文“…I probably cared too much about the medals
but I was…”可知，作者过于关注奖牌，忽视了女儿的感受。故选A。
ignorant忽视的；afraid害怕的；proud骄傲的；ashamed羞愧的。
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( ) 12.A.distinction B.reservation C.change D.suggestion
[解析] 后文an actual family vacation提到他们一家去度假，说明是
做了改变。故选C。distinction区别；reservation保留；change改变；
suggestion建议。
√
( ) 13.A.traditional B.similar C.different D.healthy
[解析] 根据上文“…we cancelled family gatherings.”以及后文an
actual family vacation可知，此处指尝试和以前不同的东西。故选C。
traditional传统的；similar相似的；different不同的； healthy健康的。
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( ) 14.A.played B.recovered
C.remembered D.knew
[解析] 根据上文“The good news was that Kennedi…”可知，女儿
在手术后恢复得很好。故选B。play玩耍；recover恢复； remember
记得；know知道。
√
( ) 15.A.originally B.completely
C.consequently D.barely
[解析] 后文“…as we know nothing is more important than
making our beloved ones healthy and happy.”是他们不想念家庭
度假的原因：他们知道没有什么比让所爱的人健康快乐更重要的了。
故选D。originally起初；completely完全地；consequently结果；
barely几乎不。
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