Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
【课前自主探究】
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
1.polar bear 2.have starved 3.ecology 4.Causes
5.two 6.man-made 7.rising 8.disasters 9.policies
10.individuals
Task 2 Fast Reading
Earth is becoming warmer and whether it matters
Task 3 Careful Reading
1—4 BABD
Task 4 Micro-writing
1.was said 2.it 3.alarming 4.a 5.mentioned
6.which 7.increasing 8.warning 9.policies
10.to restrictUnit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
Ⅰ.1.透露,发布 2.保持,维持 3.混乱 4.提交 5.经历,经受 6.趋势;倾向
Ⅱ.1.released 2.comprehensive 3.worldwide
4.restriction 5.tropical 6.sustain 7.implement 8.moderate
Ⅲ.1.were shocked by/at
2.resulted in/led to/brought about
3.seize every opportunity
4.The increase in temperature
5.(should) take effective actions/measures/steps
6.aiming to
7.Known as
8.be responsible for
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了底特律市由过度开发造成环境破坏到再野化的转变过程。
1.B 推理判断题。根据第一段“The American city of Detroit is an example of how human actions can increase rewilding…”以及第二段和第三段的内容可知,底特律市由过度开发转变为再野化,这表明人类的努力可以在再野化过程中发挥作用。故选B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Thousands of houses and other buildings were left empty over the years.”可知,21世纪初,在底特律许多建筑物都荒废了。故选C。
3.D 推理判断题。根据第四段“‘It used to be that you had to go to some remote location to get exposure to nature,’ said John Hartig, a professor of University of Windsor. ‘Now that’s not the case. Like it or not, rewilding will occur.’”可知,现在底特律已经成了人们亲近大自然的地方。故选D。
4.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“…the presence of more and more wildlife. After all, many city people have lost their tolerance to live with wildlife.”可知,之前的底特律市的环境遭到破坏,人们看不到野生动物,而现在越来越多的野生动物出现了;“The question is how we can prepare communities and environments to embrace the presence of more and more wildlife.”指出现在面临的问题是如何让社区和环境做好准备,来接受越来越多的野生动物的存在。画线单词embrace意为“接受”。故选A项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何在购物时做出更可持续和更环保的选择,从而减少对环境的影响。
1.F 根据前文“If you have to name one thing that contributes most to your ecological footprints, you may say the energy you use at home, or your car’s emissions.”以及后文“Knowing this can make your grocery shops more planet-friendly. Here is what you can do to help shop sustainably.”可知,F项“But it’s what we eat that accounts for up to 60% of our personal demand.”(但我们吃的东西占了我们个人需求的60%。)符合文意,和前文构成转折关系,且引出下文。故选F项。
2.A 设空处位于段首,为本段中心句。根据后文“Using those is a great first step. If you get some, do remember to fill them with your purchases. When you adapt yourself to reusing them, then you’ll cut your consumption of single-use plastic bags even further.”可知,此处讲述的是使用可重复使用的购物袋,所以A项“Take reusable grocery bags.”(使用可重复使用的购物袋。)符合文意。故选A项。
3.D 根据前文“Avoid unnecessary packing. Buy loose fruit and vegetables instead of pre-packaged produce, and avoid products that contain multiple single packages or double packaging, like grain in a box and a bag. Consider switching from tea bags and coffee pods to tea leaves and ground coffee.”可知,本段主要讲述的是与减少包装、环保购物相关的建议,所以D项“You can also refill your own containers with loose-packed food.”(你也可以把自己的容器重新装满散装食品。)符合文意。故选D项。
4.E 根据前文“Go organic when you can. In addition to the benefit organic farming has to insect biodiversity, it’s also considered more sustainable and better for the environment.”可知,本段主要讲述了尽可能食用有机食品,所以E项“When buying organic products, look for those officially certified.”(购买有机产品时,寻找那些官方认证的产品。)符合本段主题,且和下文“Choosing free-range or Marine Stewardship Council-certified products also encourages environment- and animal-friendly food production.”构成顺承关系。故选E项。
5.C 根据前文“Buy seasonal and native products.”以及后文“So you can avoid buying goods that have travelled long distances to reach your plate.”可知,C项“It supports local farmers and food producers.”(它支持当地农民和食品生产商。)是对前句的进一步解释,且和后文构成因果关系。故选C项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了Nassra通过艺术让废品有了第二次生命,践行环保理念。
1.an 考查冠词。根据空后的environmentalist可知,这里泛指一名环保主义者,且environmentalist的发音以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故填an。
2.ignored 考查非谓语动词。ignore和resources之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以应用过去分词形式,作定语。故填ignored。
3.frequently 考查副词。空处应用副词作状语,修饰动词短语look for。故填frequently。
4.floating 考查非谓语动词。end up doing sth意为“最终做某事”,用动名词形式作宾语。故填floating。
5.sustainable 考查形容词。空处应用形容词,作定语,修饰名词art。sustainable意为“可持续的”。故填sustainable。
6.with 考查介词。根据空后的its originality可知,这里表示用艺术的独创性给人们带来惊喜,表示方式,应用介词with。故填with。
7.who/that 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为指人的people,关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语,所以应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
8.is 考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知,这里陈述的是现实情况,应用一般现在时。主语为动名词短语motivating…,谓语应用单数。故填is。
9.conservation 考查名词。空处应用名词,作encourage的宾语。conservation意为“保护”,为不可数名词。故填conservation。
10.to witness 考查非谓语动词。a chance to do…意为“做……的机会”,用不定式形式作后置定语。故填to witness。Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
全球变暖早已成为不争的事实,并且有加剧的趋势。那么这会对北极地区造成什么样的影响呢
A nearly ice-free Arctic Ocean in summer may happen three times sooner than scientists have assessed. New research says the Arctic might lose most of its ice cover in summer in as few as 30 years instead of the end of the century.
The amount of the Arctic Ocean covered by ice at the end of summer by then could be only about one million square kilometres. That is compared with today’s ice extent (范围) of 4.6 million square kilometres—so much more open water could be a boon(非常有用的东西) for shipping and for extracting (开采) minerals and oil from the seabed, but it raises the question of ecosystem change.
While the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2007 assessed what might happen in the Arctic in the future based on results from more than a dozen global climate models, two researchers said that dramatic drops in the extent of ice at the end of summer in 2007 and 2008 called for a different approach.
Out of the 23 models now available, the new predictions are based on the six most suited for assessing sea ice, according to Muyin Wang, a University of Washington climate scientist, and James Overland, an oceanographer. Wang and Overland sought models that best matched what has actually happened in recent years, because, “if a model can’t do today’s conditions well, how can you trust its future predictions ” Wang says.
“In recent years the combination of unusual warm temperatures from natural causes and the global warming signals has worked together to provide an earlier summer sea-ice loss than predicted when scientists considered the effects from human-caused carbon dioxide alone,” says Overland.
Scientists don’t expect the Arctic to be totally ice-free, figuring that ice still will be found along northern Canada and Greenland where powerful winds sweeping across the Arctic Ocean force ice layers to slide on top of each other, making for a very thick ice cover.
【主题词句背诵】
1.be compared with 与……做比较
2.be based on 以……为基础
3.according to 依据,根据
4.be totally ice-free 完全没有冰的
5.While the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2007 assessed what might happen in the Arctic in the future based on results from more than a dozen global climate models…
尽管2007年,联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会根据十几个全球气候模型的结果,评估了北极地区未来可能发生的情况……
6.Out of the 23 models now available, the new predictions are based on the six most suited for assessing sea ice…
在现有的23个模型中,新的预测是基于6个最适合评估海冰的模型(而做出的)……
7.In recent years the combination of unusual warm temperatures from natural causes and the global warming signals has worked together to provide an earlier summer sea-ice loss than predicted…
近年来,自然原因导致的不同寻常的温暖气温和全球变暖的迹象共同导致了夏季海冰减少的时间比预测的要早……
8.…where powerful winds sweeping across the Arctic Ocean force ice layers to slide on top of each other, making for a very thick ice cover.
……在那里横扫北冰洋的强风迫使冰层相互滑动叠加,形成非常厚的冰盖。
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD’S ATTENTION
Examples In 2013, people were shocked by a news photo of a dead 1. . An expert said that the bear appeared to 2. and died. The case showed the impact that the increase in temperature had on Earth’s 3. .
4. There are 5. kinds of greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect guarantees to sustain life on Earth. But the 6.“ ” greenhouse effect results in the temperature of Earth’s surface 7. .
Results The rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural 8. .
Suggestions Governments should consider making 9. to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and 10. also should live a low-carbon life.
Task 2 Fast Reading
The text mainly tells us
.
Task 3 Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer.
( )1.How did the people feel when they saw the news photo of a dead polar bear in 2013
A.Frightened. B.Greatly surprised.
C.Uncaring. D.Sympathetic.
( )2.Which of the following about the “greenhouse effect” is TRUE
A.It has the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect.
B.The “man-made” greenhouse effect keeps Earth’s climate warm.
C.The “natural” greenhouse effect has become a big problem.
D.The “natural” greenhouse effect causes the temperature to rise quickly.
( )3.The rise in temperature has led to the following EXCEPT .
A.extreme heatwaves
B.making it easier for polar bears to hunt food
C.extreme rainstorms
D.the loss of human lives
( )4.Where is this passage most likely from
A.A story. B.A diary.
C.A novel. D.An environmental magazine.
Task 4 Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
There is little doubt that Earth has been getting warmer and warmer for decades, with ice melting and sea levels rising.
In 2013, some scientists found a dead polar bear, which 1. (say) to have starved to death. This was because climate change made 2. impossible for the bear to hunt seals as before. This 3. (alarm) case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology.
The “greenhouse effect” is 4. key climate process often 5. (mention) by climate scientists and it commonly contains the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect, 6. causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly.
Strong and comprehensive evidence shows that the rise in temperature has led to 7. (increase) extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, causing deaths and economic losses, which are frequently broadcast. There is a 8. (warn) that the warming trend will probably continue, unless appropriate actions are taken.
To stop or reduce global warming, governments need to consider making 9. (policy) and taking appropriate actions and measures while we as individuals can seize every opportunity 10. (restrict) as many people as possible to a low-carbon lifestyle by educating and encouraging them. Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
●Ⅰ 品句识词
1.Police have released no further details about the accident.
2.But he has sustained his fierce social conscience from young adulthood through old age.
3.Heavy snow has caused total chaos on the roads.
4.Applications should be submitted as early as possible.
5.Several coastal cities have undergone massive changes during the last decade.
6.One region is attempting to resist the trend of economic decline .
●Ⅱ 单词拼写
1.The report, (发布)last Friday, analysed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends .
2.The two governments have agreed to engage in a (全面的) dialogue to resolve the problem.
3.An increase in average temperature by only a few degrees could cause environmental problems (全世界地).
4.The swimming club is open to families in the neighbourhood without (限制).
5.The Amazon river basin contains the world’s largest (热带的) rainforest.
6.Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and (维持) a healthy lifestyle.
7.The government has agreed to (实施;执行) the recommendation in the report.
8.While a (适度的)amount of stress can be beneficial, too much stress can exhaust you.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.When we visited the city, we (对……感到震惊) the remains of ancient Rome.
2.The train stopped frequently at lonely little stations, which (导致)a sleepless night.
3.When you explore the market, (抓住每一个机会) that can be grasped.
4. (温度的增加)has a great impact on earth’s ecology .
5.Some environmentalists urged that the government (采取有效的措施)to conserve the wildlife.
6.Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event (旨在;目的是) raise public awareness of environmental protection.
7. (作为……而著称)China’s largest nature reserve, Changbaishan is a wonderful tourist attraction.
8.During the final round, as a judge, you would (对……负责) listening to all the speeches, noting down any positive or negative aspects for each one.
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·陕西西安高二期中检测]
Animal and plant species are disappearing at frightening rates. The problem has led to efforts to “rewild” places where such life existed before human development, pollution and climate change forced it out. The American city of Detroit is an example of how human actions can increase rewilding, which generally means helping natural systems in damaged locations, removing dams or building tunnels to reconnect animal pathways cut by roads.
Detroit’s population reached a high of 1.8 million in the 1950s. Then the population began dropping. By 2000, there were fewer than one million people living in the city. Thousands of houses and other buildings were left empty over the years. Some structures were destroyed, leaving empty areas that plants and animals regained as habitats. Nonprofit groups have also planted trees and community gardens in these areas. Anti-pollution laws and government-supported clean-ups made nearby rivers better for fish and native plants.
Now, Detroit is home to 300 bird species and is a busy visiting place for ducks and others during migration. Unlike most big cities, its population is decreasing but its streets and buildings remain in place. And there are many kinds of habitats, including large lakes, rivers and human neighbourhoods. Detroit’s parklands are so quiet that people don’t even know they’re in the city.
“It used to be that you had to go to some remote location to get exposure to nature,” said John Hartig, a professor of University of Windsor. “Now that’s not the case. Like it or not, rewilding will occur. The question is how we can prepare communities and environments to embrace the presence of more and more wildlife. After all, many city people have lost their tolerance to live with wildlife. To really make a difference in dealing with the biodiversity crisis, you’re going to have to have people on board.”
( )1.What does the author want to tell us by the example of Detroit
A.It’s government-supported efforts that really matter.
B.Humans’ efforts can make a difference in rewilding.
C.Humans are to blame for the worsening environment.
D.It’s hard for humans and wildlife to live in harmony.
( )2.What might have happened in Detroit at the beginning of 21st century
A.The city was overpopulated.
B.More community gardens disappeared.
C.Many buildings were abandoned.
D.The environment was badly damaged.
( )3.What can we infer about current Detroit from the text
A.It is a big city crowded with tourists and bird species.
B.Tourists don’t show any interest in its quiet surroundings.
C.It’s become a centre for those who study animals and plants.
D.It’s turned into a place where people can get close to nature.
( )4.What does the underlined word “embrace” in the last paragraph mean
A.Accept. B.Delay.
C.Imagine. D.Supervise.
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·广东湛江高二期中考试]
Shop sustainably
If you have to name one thing that contributes most to your ecological footprints, you may say the energy you use at home, or your car’s emissions. 1. Knowing this can make your grocery shops more planet-friendly. Here is what you can do to help shop sustainably.
●2. Using those is a great first step. If you get some, do remember to fill them with your purchases. When you adapt yourself to reusing them, then you’ll cut your consumption of single-use plastic bags even further.
●Avoid unnecessary packing. Buy loose fruit and vegetables instead of pre-packaged produce, and avoid products that contain multiple single packages or double packaging, like grain in a box and a bag. Consider switching from tea bags and coffee pods to tea leaves and ground coffee. 3.
●Go organic when you can. In addition to the benefit organic farming has to insect biodiversity, it’s also considered more sustainable and better for the environment.4. Choosing free-range or Marine Stewardship Council-certified products also encourages environment- and animal-friendly food production.
●Buy seasonal and native products. 5. So you can avoid buying goods that have travelled long distances to reach your plate. As well as opting for local goods, depending on where you live, in the supermarket, you can also buy directly from the source at farmers’ markets.
A.Take reusable grocery bags.
B.Select single-use plastic bags.
C.It supports local farmers and food producers.
D.You can also refill your own containers with loose-packed food.
E.When buying organic products, look for those officially certified.
F.But it’s what we eat that accounts for up to 60% of our personal demand.
G.You’ll find it convenient whenever you buy tea or coffee in the supermarket.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
[2024·广西南宁高二阶段考试]
My name is Nassra, a second-year student at Tanzania Institute of Accountancy as well as an artist of 22 years old. My journey through art has led me to become 1. environmentalist.
What we usually consider waste may be useful when we think about it in a different light. Discarded (丢弃的) or waste items provide plentiful but largely 2. (ignore) resources for us artists to give them a second life or share their story. Items such as wine bottles, wood, and more can have a beautiful second chance as a piece of art. As an artist, I would 3. (frequent) look for reusable materials that offer fresh ideas of creating something new.
In my hands, glass bottles, plastic bags, and other waste items that would otherwise end up 4. (float) in the sea become a form of 5. (sustain) art. My art highlights the degradation of the world and surprises people 6. its originality.
People 7. buy this type of art find the work attractive for its artistic value. But motivating them to contribute to the planet’s welfare 8. (be) my lifelong dream. I also want to take this opportunity to encourage environment 9. (conserve) through DIY projects and recycling. This really gives a chance for individuals 10. (witness) the brilliance that the world offers. (共55张PPT)
Period One
Reading and Thinking—
Comprehension
全球变暖早已成为不争的事实,并且有加剧的趋势。那么这会对
北极地区造成什么样的影响呢
A nearly ice-free Arctic Ocean in summer may happen
three times sooner than scientists have assessed. New research
says the Arctic might lose most of its ice cover in summer in as
few as 30 years instead of the end of the century.
The amount of the Arctic Ocean covered by ice at the end
of summer by then could be only about one million square
kilometres. That is compared with today's ice extent (范围) of
4.6 million square kilometres—so much more open water could
be a boon(非常有用的东西) for shipping and for extracting (开采)
minerals and oil from the seabed, but it raises the question of
ecosystem change.
While the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in
2007 assessed what might happen in the Arctic in the future
based on results from more than a dozen global climate
models, two researchers said that dramatic drops in the extent
of ice at the end of summer in 2007 and 2008 called for a
different approach.
Out of the 23 models now available, the new predictions
are based on the six most suited for assessing sea ice,
according to Muyin Wang, a University of Washington climate
scientist, and James Overland, an oceanographer. Wang and
Overland sought models that best matched what has actually
happened in recent years, because, “if a model can't do today's
conditions well, how can you trust its future predictions ” Wang
says.
“In recent years the combination of unusual warm
temperatures from natural causes and the global warming
signals has worked together to provide an earlier summer
sea-ice loss than predicted when scientists considered the
effects from human-caused carbon dioxide alone,” says Overland.
Scientists don't expect the Arctic to be totally ice-free,
figuring that ice still will be found along northern Canada and
Greenland where powerful winds sweeping across the Arctic
Ocean force ice layers to slide on top of each other, making
for a very thick ice cover.
【主题词句背诵】
1.be compared with 与……做比较
2.be based on 以……为基础
3.according to 依据,根据
4.be totally ice-free 完全没有冰的
5.While the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2007
assessed what might happen in the Arctic in the future based
on results from more than a dozen global climate models…
尽管2007年,联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会根据十几个全球气候
模型的结果,评估了北极地区未来可能发生的情况……
6.Out of the 23 models now available, the new predictions are
based on the six most suited for assessing sea ice…
在现有的23个模型中,新的预测是基于6个最适合评估海冰的模型
(而做出的)……
7.In recent years the combination of unusual warm temperatures
from natural causes and the global warming signals has worked
together to provide an earlier summer sea-ice loss than
predicted…
近年来,自然原因导致的不同寻常的温暖气温和全球变暖的迹象共同
导致了夏季海冰减少的时间比预测的要早……
8.…where powerful winds sweeping across the Arctic Ocean
force ice layers to slide on top of each other, making for a
very thick ice cover.
……在那里横扫北冰洋的强风迫使冰层相互滑动叠加,形成非常厚的冰盖。
课前自主探究
练习册
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION Examples In 2013, people were shocked by a news photo of a
dead 1.____________. An expert said that the bear
appeared to 2.______________ and died. The case
showed the impact that the increase in temperature
had on Earth's 3._________.
4.________ There are 5._____kinds of greenhouse effect. The
“natural” greenhouse effect guarantees to sustain life on
Earth. But the 6.“ ____________ ” greenhouse effect
results in the temperature of Earth's surface 7._______.
polar bear
have starved
ecology
Causes
two
man-made
rising
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION Results The rise in temperature has led to an increase in
extreme weather and natural 8.__________.
Suggestions Governments should consider making 9._________ to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions and 10.___________
also should live a low-carbon life.
disasters
policies
individuals
续表
Task 2 Fast Reading
The text mainly tells us _____________________________________
_________________.
Earth is becoming warmer and whether it matters
Task 3 Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer.
( ) 1.How did the people feel when they saw the news
photo of a dead polar bear in 2013
A.Frightened. B.Greatly surprised.
C.Uncaring. D.Sympathetic.
√
( ) 2.Which of the following about the “greenhouse effect”
is TRUE
A.It has the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made”
greenhouse effect.
B.The “man-made” greenhouse effect keeps Earth's climate warm.
C.The “natural” greenhouse effect has become a big problem.
D.The “natural” greenhouse effect causes the temperature to rise
quickly.
√
( ) 3.The rise in temperature has led to the following
EXCEPT________.
A.extreme heatwaves
B.making it easier for polar bears to hunt food
C.extreme rainstorms
D.the loss of human lives
( ) 4.Where is this passage most likely from
A.A story. B.A diary.
C.A novel. D.An environmental magazine.
√
√
Task 4 Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
There is little doubt that Earth has been getting warmer
and warmer for decades, with ice melting and sea levels rising.
In 2013, some scientists found a dead polar bear, which
1._________ (say) to have starved to death. This was because
climate change made 2.___impossible for the bear to hunt seals
as before. This 3._________ (alarm) case showed how the
increase in temperature had an impact on Earth's ecology.
was said
it
alarming
The “greenhouse effect” is 4.___key climate process often
5.___________ (mention) by climate scientists and it commonly
contains the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made”
greenhouse effect, 6._______causes Earth's surface temperature
to rise quickly.
Strong and comprehensive evidence shows that the rise in
temperature has led to 7.__________ (increase) extreme weather
and natural disasters worldwide, causing deaths and economic
losses, which are frequently broadcast. There is a 8._________
(warn) that the warming trend will probably continue, unless
appropriate actions are taken.
a
mentioned
which
increasing
warning
To stop or reduce global warming, governments need to
consider making 9.________ (policy) and taking appropriate
actions and measures while we as individuals can seize every
opportunity 10.__________ (restrict) as many people as possible
to a low-carbon lifestyle by educating and encouraging them.
policies
to restrict
练 习 册
Ⅰ品句识词
1.Police have released no further details about the
accident.____________
透露，发布
2.But he has sustained his fierce social conscience from young
adulthood through old age. ____________
保持，维持
3.Heavy snow has caused total chaos on the roads. ______
混乱
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6
4.Applications should be submitted as early as possible.______
提交
5.Several coastal cities have undergone massive changes during
the last decade. ____________
经历，经受
6.One region is attempting to resist the trend of economic
decline.__________
趋势;倾向
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2
3
4
5
6
Ⅱ单词拼写
1.The report, _________ (发布)last Friday, analysed data and
existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic
trends.
released
2.The two governments have agreed to engage in a
_______________ (全面的) dialogue to resolve the problem.
comprehensive
3.An increase in average temperature by only a few degrees
could cause environmental problems ___________ (全世界地).
worldwide
4.The swimming club is open to families in the neighbourhood
without __________ (限制).
restriction
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3
4
5
6
7
8
5.The Amazon river basin contains the world's largest ________
(热带的) rainforest.
tropical
6.Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve
physical fitness and ________ (维持) a healthy lifestyle.
sustain
7.The government has agreed to ___________ (实施;执行) the
recommendation in the report.
implement
8.While a __________ (适度的)amount of stress can be beneficial,
too much stress can exhaust you.
moderate
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8
Ⅲ短语填空
1.When we visited the city, we ___________________
(对……感到震惊) the remains of ancient Rome.
were shocked by/at
2.The train stopped frequently at lonely little stations, which
_______________________________ (导致)a sleepless night.
resulted in/led to/brought about
3.When you explore the market, _______________________
(抓住每一个机会) that can be grasped.
seize every opportunity
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4.___________________________ (温度的增加)has a great impact
on earth's ecology.
The increase in temperature
5.Some environmentalists urged that the government
___________________________________________ (采取有效的措
施)to conserve the wildlife.
(should) take effective actions/measures/steps
6.Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event __________
(旨在;目的是) raise public awareness of environmental protection.
aiming to
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
7.__________ (作为……而著称)China's largest nature reserve,
Changbaishan is a wonderful tourist attraction.
Known as
8.During the final round, as a judge, you would ______________
____ (对……负责) listening to all the speeches, noting down any
positive or negative aspects for each one.
be responsible for
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Ⅳ阅读理解
[2024·陕西西安高二期中检测]
Animal and plant species are disappearing at frightening
rates. The problem has led to efforts to “rewild” places where
such life existed before human development, pollution and
climate change forced it out. The American city of Detroit is an
example of how human actions can increase rewilding, which
generally means helping natural systems in damaged locations,
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2
3
4
removing dams or building tunnels to reconnect animal
pathways cut by roads.
Detroit's population reached a high of 1.8 million in the
1950s. Then the population began dropping. By 2000, there
were fewer than one million people living in the city. Thousands
of houses and other buildings were left empty over the years.
Some structures were destroyed, leaving empty areas that plants
and animals regained as habitats. Nonprofit groups have also
planted trees and community gardens in these areas.
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2
3
4
Anti-pollution laws and government-supported clean-ups made
nearby rivers better for fish and native plants.
Now, Detroit is home to 300 bird species and is a busy
visiting place for ducks and others during migration. Unlike most
big cities, its population is decreasing but its streets and
buildings remain in place. And there are many kinds of habitats,
including large lakes, rivers and human neighbourhoods. Detroit's
parklands are so quiet that people don't even know they're in
the city.
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3
4
“It used to be that you had to go to some remote location
to get exposure to nature,” said John Hartig, a professor of
University of Windsor. “Now that's not the case. Like it or not,
rewilding will occur. The question is how we can prepare
communities and environments to embrace the presence of
more and more wildlife. After all, many city people have lost
their tolerance to live with wildlife. To really make a difference
in dealing with the biodiversity crisis, you're going to have to
have people on board.”
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了底特律市由过度开发
造成环境破坏到再野化的转变过程。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.What does the author want to tell us by the example
of Detroit
A.It's government-supported efforts that really matter.
B.Humans' efforts can make a difference in rewilding.
C.Humans are to blame for the worsening environment.
D.It's hard for humans and wildlife to live in harmony.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段“The American city of Detroit is
an example of how human actions can increase rewilding…”以及
第二段和第三段的内容可知，底特律市由过度开发转变为再野化，
这表明人类的努力可以在再野化过程中发挥作用。故选B。
√
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3
4
( ) 2.What might have happened in Detroit at the
beginning of 21st century
A.The city was overpopulated.
B.More community gardens disappeared.
C.Many buildings were abandoned.
D.The environment was badly damaged.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“Thousands of houses and other
buildings were left empty over the years.”可知，21世纪初，在底
特律许多建筑物都荒废了。故选C。
√
1
2
3
4
( ) 3.What can we infer about current Detroit from the text
A.It is a big city crowded with tourists and bird species.
B.Tourists don't show any interest in its quiet surroundings.
C.It's become a centre for those who study animals and plants.
D.It's turned into a place where people can get close to nature.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段“‘It used to be that you had to
go to some remote location to get exposure to nature,’ said
John Hartig, a professor of University of Windsor. ‘Now that's
not the case. Like it or not, rewilding will occur.’”可知，现在底特
律已经成了人们亲近大自然的地方。故选D。
√
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2
3
4
( ) 4.What does the underlined word “embrace” in the last
paragraph mean
A.Accept. B.Delay. C.Imagine. D.Supervise.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“…the presence of more and
more wildlife. After all, many city people have lost their
tolerance to live with wildlife.”可知，之前的底特律市的环境遭到破
坏，人们看不到野生动物，而现在越来越多的野生动物出现了；
“The question is how we can prepare communities and
environments to embrace the presence of more and more
wildlife.”指出现在面临的问题是如何让社区和环境做好准备，来接受
越来越多的野生动物的存在。画线单词embrace意为“接受”。故选A项。
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Ⅴ阅读七选五
[2024·广东湛江高二期中考试]
Shop sustainably
If you have to name one thing that contributes most to
your ecological footprints, you may say the energy you use at
home, or your car's emissions. 1.___ Knowing this can make
your grocery shops more planet-friendly. Here is what you can
do to help shop sustainably.
F
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5
●2.___ Using those is a great first step. If you get some,
do remember to fill them with your purchases. When you adapt
yourself to reusing them, then you'll cut your consumption of
single-use plastic bags even further.
●Avoid unnecessary packing. Buy loose fruit and vegetables
instead of pre-packaged produce, and avoid products that
contain multiple single packages or double packaging, like grain
in a box and a bag. Consider switching from tea bags and
coffee pods to tea leaves and ground coffee. 3.___
A
D
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2
3
4
5
●Go organic when you can. In addition to the benefit
organic farming has to insect biodiversity, it's also considered
more sustainable and better for the environment.4.___ Choosing
free-range or Marine Stewardship Council-certified products also
encourages environment- and animal-friendly food production.
●Buy seasonal and native products. 5.___ So you can avoid
buying goods that have travelled long distances to reach your
plate. As well as opting for local goods, depending on where
you live, in the supermarket, you can also buy directly from the
source at farmers' markets.
E
C
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2
3
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5
A.Take reusable grocery bags.
B.Select single-use plastic bags.
C.It supports local farmers and food producers.
D.You can also refill your own containers with loose-packed
food.
E.When buying organic products, look for those officially certified.
F.But it's what we eat that accounts for up to 60% of our
personal demand.
G.You'll find it convenient whenever you buy tea or coffee in
the supermarket.
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3
4
5
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何在购物时做出更可持
续和更环保的选择，从而减少对环境的影响。
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2
3
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1.___
F
[解析] 根据前文“If you have to name one thing that contributes
most to your ecological footprints, you may say the energy you
use at home, or your car's emissions.”以及后文“Knowing this can
make your grocery shops more planet-friendly. Here is what you
can do to help shop sustainably.”可知，F项“But it's what we eat
that accounts for up to 60% of our personal demand.”
(但我们吃的东西占了我们个人需求的60%。)符合文意，和前文构成
转折关系，且引出下文。故选F项。
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2
3
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5
2.___
A
[解析] 设空处位于段首，为本段中心句。根据后文“Using those is
a great first step. If you get some, do remember to fill them
with your purchases. When you adapt yourself to reusing them,
then you'll cut your consumption of single-use plastic bags even
further.”可知，此处讲述的是使用可重复使用的购物袋，所以A项
“Take reusable grocery bags.”(使用可重复使用的购物袋。)符合文
意。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
D
[解析] 根据前文“Avoid unnecessary packing. Buy loose fruit and
vegetables instead of pre-packaged produce, and avoid products
that contain multiple single packages or double packaging, like
grain in a box and a bag. Consider switching from tea bags
and coffee pods to tea leaves and ground coffee.”可知，本段主
要讲述的是与减少包装、环保购物相关的建议，所以D项“You can
also refill your own containers with loose-packed food.”
(你也可以把自己的容器重新装满散装食品。)符合文意。故选D项。
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2
3
4
5
4.___
E
[解析] 根据前文“Go organic when you can. In addition to the
benefit organic farming has to insect biodiversity, it's also
considered more sustainable and better for the environment.”可
知，本段主要讲述了尽可能食用有机食品，所以E项“When buying
organic products, look for those officially certified.”(购买有机产品
时，寻找那些官方认证的产品。)符合本段主题，且和下文“Choosing
free-range or Marine Stewardship Council-certified products also
encourages environment- and animal-friendly food production.”
构成顺承关系。故选E项。
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3
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5
5.___
C
[解析] 根据前文“Buy seasonal and native products.”以及后文“So
you can avoid buying goods that have travelled long distances
to reach your plate.”可知，C项“It supports local farmers and
food producers.”(它支持当地农民和食品生产商。)是对前句的进一
步解释，且和后文构成因果关系。故选C项。
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3
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5
Ⅵ语法填空
[2024·广西南宁高二阶段考试]
My name is Nassra, a second-year student at Tanzania
Institute of Accountancy as well as an artist of 22 years old. My
journey through art has led me to become 1.____
environmentalist.
What we usually consider waste may be useful when we
think about it in a different light. Discarded (丢弃的) or waste
items provide plentiful but largely 2.________ (ignore) resources
an
ignored
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10
for us artists to give them a second life or share their story.
Items such as wine bottles, wood, and more can have a
beautiful second chance as a piece of art. As an artist, I would
3.__________ (frequent) look for reusable materials that offer
fresh ideas of creating something new.
In my hands, glass bottles, plastic bags, and other waste
items that would otherwise end up 4.________ (float) in the sea
become a form of 5.___________ (sustain) art. My art highlights
the degradation of the world and surprises people 6._____ its
originality.
frequently
floating
sustainable
with
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3
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10
People 7._________ buy this type of art find the work
attractive for its artistic value. But motivating them to contribute
to the planet's welfare 8.___ (be) my lifelong dream. I also want
to take this opportunity to encourage environment 9.__________
(conserve) through DIY projects and recycling. This really
gives a chance for individuals 10.___________ (witness) the
brilliance that the world offers.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Nassra通过艺术让废
品有了第二次生命，践行环保理念。
who/that
is
conservation
to witness
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10
1.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。根据空后的environmentalist可知，这里泛指一名
环保主义者，且environmentalist的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定
冠词an。故填an。
2.________
ignored
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。ignore和resources之间是逻辑上的动宾关
系，所以应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填ignored。
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3.__________
frequently
[解析] 考查副词。空处应用副词作状语，修饰动词短语look for。故
填frequently。
4.________
floating
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。end up doing sth意为“最终做某事”，用
动名词形式作宾语。故填floating。
5.___________
sustainable
[解析] 考查形容词。空处应用形容词，作定语，修饰名词art。
sustainable意为“可持续的”。故填sustainable。
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2
3
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6._____
with
[解析] 考查介词。根据空后的its originality可知，这里表示用艺术
的独创性给人们带来惊喜，表示方式，应用介词with。故填with。
7._________
who/that
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为指人的
people，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词
who或that引导。故填who/that。
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3
4
5
6
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8
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8.___
is
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知，这里陈述的是现实
情况，应用一般现在时。主语为动名词短语motivating…，谓语应用
单数。故填is。
9._____________
conservation
[解析] 考查名词。空处应用名词，作encourage的宾语。
conservation意为“保护”，为不可数名词。故填conservation。
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3
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5
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10.___________
to witness
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。a chance to do…意为“做……的机会”，用
不定式形式作后置定语。故填to witness。
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