Unit 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
【课前自主探究】
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
1.applied to 2.turned down 3.went aboard 4.steward 5.easy 6.stuck 7.abandon 8.supplies 9.bad
10.worse 11.help 12.perseverance 13.resolve
Task 2 Fast Reading
the experience of going to Antarctica on the ship Endurance
Task 3 Careful Reading
1—4 BABA
Task 4 Micro-writing
1.to join 2.secretly 3.stuck 4.supplies 5.personal
6.worse 7.up 8.but 9.perseverance 10.aUnit 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
Ⅰ.1.远征;探险 2.逆境;困境 3.精力;活力 4.所有物;(随身)财物 5.痛苦的 6.耐力;忍耐力
Ⅱ.1.wages 2.cupboard 3.crushed 4.blanket
5.cosy 6.thorough 7.genuine 8.bad-tempered
Ⅲ.1.full of energy/vigour
2.go aboard the ship
3.was/got stuck in
4.turn down
5.throw away
6.were enthusiastic about
7.after all
8.leading/having/living a miserable life
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲述了中国女孩登上“非洲之巅”乞力马扎罗山的故事。
1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Xu’s passion for mountaineering was motivated by her father, who himself reached many peaks, including Mount Qomolangma.”可知,她对登山的兴趣是受到她父亲成功登顶的激发。故选 C 项。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“She went to the mountains in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks over 5,000 metres and doing daily physical exercises like running, swimming and rope skipping. All that hard work got her ready for the challenges she would face on Kilimanjaro.”可知,她每个月都去云南和四川的山区,每天做跑步、游泳、跳绳等体育锻炼。所有的努力让她为自己在乞力马扎罗山所面临的挑战做好了准备。由此判断,多年来她致力于严格的训练。因此rigorous应与strict意义一致。故选 B 项。
3.B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“She was climbing with Xia Boyu (aged 74), the first Chinese climber to summit Mount Qomolangma with an artificial leg, who’d inspired Xu a lot.”可知 A 正确。根据文章第三段中“The whole climb took 7 days, during which Xu faced unpredictable weather such as rain and strong winds.”可知C 正确。 根据文章第三段中“Xu had to be very sensitive to any temperature changes and adjust her clothing accordingly.”可知D正确。根据文章第三段中“Above 4,000 metres on Mount Kilimanjaro, the climate is similar to a desert, with big temperature differences.”可知,乞力马扎罗山海拔四千米以上的气候类似沙漠地区,温差大,而不是有沙漠,因此B 不正确。故选 B 项。
4.A 主旨大意题。这篇文章是一则新闻。根据首段中“Xu Zhuoyuan, a 17-year-old mountaineer who’d stood on top of Mount Qomolangma last May, climbed onto the tallest peak in Africa, making herself the youngest Chinese girl that conquered it.”并结合第二段她登山的前期准备、第三段攀登乞力马扎罗山的困难以及第四段登顶后她的感受可知,本文介绍了一个勇敢的中国女孩成功登顶乞力马扎罗山的故事。故选 A 项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何增加大脑中的智慧量。
1.B 根据上文“This world is filled with challenges. In order to survive in it, humans need to be wise. Wisdom provides you with perspective when you are in terrible situations, which is like a beacon (灯塔) of hope in the darkness. However, you have to remember, this is a journey and not a destination.”以及下文的四个小标题可知,有很多方法能使人变得聪明。B项“Here are some strategies that you can use to get wiser.”(这里有一些你可以用来变得更聪明的策略。)承上启下,符合语境。故选B项。
2.A 根据下文“You should be receptive to different views.”可知,本段中作者的建议是接受不同的观点。A项“Open yourself to diverse perspectives.”(向不同的观点敞开心扉。)符合语境,故选A项。
3.C 根据上文“Always develop a sense of curiosity, and observe the world from different angles, which will facilitate your development.”可知,作者告知人们要从不同角度看问题,不要只关注某一个观点。C项“Never base your point of view on the most popular opinion.” (永远不要把你的观点建立在最流行的观点上。)符合语境,故选C项。
4.D 根据上文“Take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and the list goes on and on. If something confuses you, surf the Internet and clear out your problems.”可知,前面提到的这些活动都会提高你的批判性思维能力,最终你能够从不同角度解决问题。D项“All of these activities will strengthen your critical-thinking skills.”(所有这些活动都将加强你的批判性思维能力。)符合语境,故选D项。
5.E 根据上文“All of us make mistakes in life, but it is the acknowledgement of mistakes that makes us grow and do better next time.”可知,我们在生活中会犯错,但是需要反思,从错误中学习,让自己不断成长。E项“We can reflect on what made us fail, so that we may improve ourselves.” (我们可以反思是什么让我们失败了,这样我们就可以提高自己。)符合语境,故选E项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了中国考察队成功登上珠穆朗玛峰并进行科学研究的故事。
1.carried 考查动词时态。根据and前的reached可知,and前后连接并列的谓语动词,所以这里应用一般过去时。故填carried。
2.extremely 考查副词。修饰形容词dangerous应用副词,extremely意为“极其,非常”,作状语。故填extremely。
3.to complete 考查固定句型。sth takes/took…to do为固定句型,意为“做某事需要……”。故填to complete。
4.their 考查代词。空处应用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
5.be seen 考查动词语态。see…as…意为“将……看作……”。根据句意可知,it和see之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。空前有can,故填be seen。
6.a 考查冠词。a wide range of…意为“各种各样的……,广泛的……”。故填a。
7.where 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,从句中缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。
8.leader 考查名词。“team…of the expedition”是Yao Tandong的同位语,表示身份,应用名词的单数leader,意为“领导者”。故填leader。
9.collecting 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词beyond 的宾语,应用动名词。故填collecting。
10.in 考查介词。result in为固定搭配,意为“导致,引起,造成”。故填in。Unit 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Antarctica
Icy and remote, the continent of Antarctica is the coldest, driest, windiest, and southernmost place on Earth. It is located almost entirely below the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the frigid(寒冷的) Southern Ocean. As a continent, Antarctica is a large expanse of land. It is the Earth’s fifth-largest continent:larger than Europe, and nearly twice as large as Australia.
Antarctica was so cold and unwelcoming that there was little interest in exploring it. Map makers called the new continent “Antarctica”, from a Greek word meaning the “opposite of the Arctic”. Although it is so cold, Antarctica is a desert, with very little rain or snow.
There are only two seasons in Antarctica: summer and winter. Because Antarctica is located at the Earth’s South Pole, each summer brings long periods of sunlight, and winter brings long periods of darkness.
Antarctica has no trees or bushes. Only moss and lichens (地衣) and algae(藻类) can survive in such a cold climate. Very few animals survive in the frozen desert of Antarctica, either. If you were to visit Antarctica, you would be likely to see only penguins, some other seabirds, and seals. More animal species are found in the waters around Antarctica: fish, whales, squid, mollusks(软体动物), and other invertebrates(无脊椎动物).
Today, Antarctica is not a country and has no government. It does not belong to any country, although parts of the continent are claimed by several countries.
Antarctica is the only continent to have a population of zero. Although anywhere between one and five thousand people visit each year, no one lives there permanently. Aside from tourists, who only visit during the summer, most activity on Antarctica is scientific. The frozen continent is protected by an international treaty(条约) that prohibits military activity or mining, setting it aside as a “natural reserve devoted to peace and science”.
【主题词句背诵】
1.be surrounded by…被……包围
2.survive in…在……中存活
3.belong to属于
4.aside from…除……之外
5.set…aside把……放在一旁;暂不考虑
6.be devoted to 致力于
7.It is the Earth’s fifth-largest continent:larger than Europe, and nearly twice as large as Australia.
它(南极洲)是世界第五大洲:比欧洲要大,几乎是澳大利亚的两倍大。
8.Antarctica was so cold and unwelcoming that there was little interest in exploring it.
南极洲是如此寒冷和不适合居住,以至于人类几乎没有兴趣探索它。
9.If you were to visit Antarctica, you would be likely to see only penguins, some other seabirds, and seals.
如果你要去南极洲,你可能只会看到企鹅、一些其他海鸟和海豹。
10.Antarctica is the only continent to have a population of zero.
南极洲是唯一拥有零人口的大陆。
11.Aside from tourists, who only visit during the summer, most activity on Antarctica is scientific.
除了只在夏季来观光的游客,南极洲上的大多数活动都是有关科学的。
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
Dates Events Blackborow’s feelings
Oct. 31, 1914 I 1. join the expedition, but I was 2. because of my age. I secretly 3. the Endurance and became a 4. . excited
Nov. 21, 1915 The journey was not 5. . Our ship was 6. in the ice, so we had to 7. it only taking the essential 8. . panic
May 20, 1916 Things were going from 9. to 10. on Elephant Island. Shackleton left us to find 11. . Frank and Ernest’s genuine concern for others, 12. and 13. fill me with hope. low but hopeful
Task 2 Fast Reading
The text mainly tells us
.
Task 3 Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer.
( )1.How did the author come to join the expedition
A.He applied to join the expedition.
B.He went aboard the ship secretly.
C.He was introduced by one steward.
D.He was accepted by Shackleton.
( )2.Why did Shackleton decide to abandon the Endurance
A.Endurance became stuck in the ice.
B.The ice would soon begin to melt.
C.There was no hope of being rescued.
D.Food was not enough in their small boats.
( )3.What did Shackleton do to make sure they could survive
A.He told them to rescue all the essential supplies.
B.He left them to find help on South Georgia Island.
C.He caught penguins for them to eat.
D.He told happier things to keep their spirits up.
( )4.How did Perce think of Shackleton in the text
A.Calm and considerate.
B.Brave and ambitious.
C.Strict and confident.
D.Smart and open-minded.
Task 4 Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
At the age of 19, I applied 1. (join) the expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton, but I was turned down. So I 2. (secret) went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and he assigned me to be a steward. The journey was not easy. Endurance became 3. (stick) in the ice as we approached Antarctica. Before we abandoned the ship we rescued our most essential 4. (supply) and we were not allowed to take most of our 5. (person) belongings. We were camped on the ice and had been managing to survive. But the things on Elephant Island were going from bad to 6. (bad). Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island. I tried to think of happier things to keep my spirits 7. . In order to survive, we caught penguins to eat. I became selfish and bad-tempered, 8. Frank and Ernest’s genuine concern for others, their 9.
(persevere) and their resolve filled me with hope. Perhaps there was 10. chance that we would return home. Unit 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension
●Ⅰ 品句识词
1.Five members of Scott’s expedition made it to the South Pole.
2.They had to struggle against all kinds of adversity.
3.His body lacks the bounce and vigour of a normal two-year-old child.
4.She packed her few belongings in a bag and left.
5.I’ve learnt from bitter experience not to trust what he says.
6.The party turned out to be more of an endurance test than a pleasure.
●Ⅱ 单词拼写
1.As (工资)have fallen, the share of young men living in the home of their parents has risen.
2.The room was furnished with a (橱柜) and some old furniture .
3.Listen to criticism but don’t be (挤压) by it.
4.She put an extra (毯子) over the baby for fear that he should catch a cold.
5.Listening to soft music, guests can relax in the (舒适的) bar downstairs.
6.The police officers decided to conduct a (彻底的) and comprehensive review of the case.
7.As time went on, a (真诚的)friendship grew up between us.
8.Being a (脾气坏的)man, he would not tolerate having his lectures interrupted.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.If we do some exercises or only take a short walk in the morning, we will be (精力充沛) the whole day.
2.The moment the son was about to (上船), they kissed goodbye with tears.
3.The bus (被困于)the heavy snow and we had to walk the rest of the way.
4.To be honest, the chances for promotion are good in the new company, and the salary is just too attractive to (拒绝).
5.Fires are often caused by cigarette ends which people carelessly (扔掉).
6.In my opinion, they
(对……充满热情)the research and tried to do wonderful things.
7.The rain has stopped, so the game will go ahead (终究).
8.Abandoned by his owner, the little dog was (过悲惨的生活).
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·重庆名校联盟高二期中联考]
“On the very first day of 2024, I saw the snow of Kilimanjaro, not from the novel written by Ernest Hemingway, but from the peak of Mount Kilimanjaro!” Xu Zhuoyuan, a 17-year-old mountaineer who’d stood on top of Mount Qomolangma last May, climbed onto the tallest peak in Africa, making herself the youngest Chinese girl that conquered it.
Xu’s passion for mountaineering was motivated by her father, who himself reached many peaks, including Mount Qomolangma. And her mountaineering journey began on a family trip to Xizang and Sichuan four years ago. For many years, Xu devoted herself to rigorous training. She went to the mountains in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks over 5,000 metres and doing daily physical exercises like running, swimming and rope skipping. All that hard work got her ready for the challenges she would face on Kilimanjaro.
Above 4,000 metres on Mount Kilimanjaro, the climate is similar to a desert, with big temperature differences. The whole climb took 7 days, during which Xu faced unpredictable weather such as rain and strong winds. Staying warm and avoiding heat loss was the main challenge. Xu had to be very sensitive to any temperature changes and adjust her clothing accordingly. This climb was also a learning experience for Xu. She was climbing with Xia Boyu (aged 74), the first Chinese climber to summit Mount Qomolangma with an artificial leg, who’d inspired Xu a lot.
Mountaineering, Xu discovered, is not just about being strong physically; it is also a journey of self-discovery. “In climbing and life, it’s important to know when to let go of things that are weighing us down and how to restart when we feel ready,” she reflected.
( )1.What inspired Xu Zhuoyuan’s interest in climbing mountains
A.A novel written by Ernest Hemingway.
B.A former trip to Mount Qomolangma.
C.Her father’s success in mountaineering.
D.Her family trip to Xizang and Sichuan.
( )2.What does the underlined word “rigorous” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Flexible. B.Strict.
C.Casual. D.Dangerous.
( )3.Which is NOT true about Xu’s Kilimanjaro climbing
A.She was accompanied by a disabled climber.
B.There was a desert 4,000 metres on Mount Kilimanjaro.
C.Weather condition was unstable above Mount Kilimanjaro.
D.Clothes adjustment was needed due to temperature changes.
( )4.Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A.Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro—a Chinese girl’s bravery
B.Conquering new heights—a story of passion
C.Mountaineering—a journey of self-discovery
D.Mount Kilimanjaro—a destination of inspiration
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·福建泉州高二期中联考]
How to increase the “amount of
wisdom” in your brain
This world is filled with challenges. In order to survive in it, humans need to be wise. Wisdom provides you with perspective when you are in terrible situations, which is like a beacon (灯塔) of hope in the darkness. However, you have to remember, this is a journey and not a destination. 1.
Try experiencing new opportunities.
Variety is the spice of life but experiencing new opportunities is also how you gain wisdom. You will never grow from being in your comfort zone, which is why you need to get out of it. This is the only way you will gain wisdom and become better. You can try learning new skills that are not on your bucket list (愿望清单).
2.
You have preferences which help you out, but you need to set them aside most of the time. You should be receptive to different views. Always develop a sense of curiosity, and observe the world from different angles, which will facilitate your development. 3. Train your mind to be a judgement-free space for ideas. If you are humble, then you will always get to experience something new.
Never back away from learning.
You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day; you must develop a thirst for knowledge. Take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and the list goes on and on. If something confuses you, surf the Internet and clear out your problems. 4. In the end, you will be able to tackle a problem from different angles, making everything easier.
Learn and grow from your mistakes.
All of us make mistakes in life, but it is the acknowledgement of mistakes that makes us grow and do better next time. 5. Stop blaming other people for your mistakes and admit where you went wrong. Your best teacher will always be your last mistake, so learn the best from it.
A.Open yourself to diverse perspectives.
B.Here are some strategies that you can use to get wiser.
C.Never base your point of view on the most popular opinion.
D.All of these activities will strengthen your critical-thinking skills.
E.We can reflect on what made us fail, so that we may improve ourselves.
F.What you do all day will be able to help you acquire knowledge you want.
G.Wisdom is a wonderful accumulation of experience, knowledge, and good judgement.
●Ⅵ 语法填空 [2024·四川南充高二期中考试]
Humans successfully reached the top of the world, Mount Qomolangma, for the first time in 1953. On May 23, 70 years later, a Chinese expedition team reached its peak and 1. (carry) out scientific research, which celebrated the historical adventure. The journey to the top is 2. (extreme) dangerous and takes both bravery and good physical health 3. (complete). Climbers fight against the harsh (恶劣的) environment and go beyond 4. (they) limits.
The main reason why scientists fearlessly continue this climb to the top can be the rich information that Mt. Qomolangma provides. Due to its biodiversity, it can 5. (see) as a “micro Earth”. The drop in altitude (海拔) from the top is huge, forming 6. wide range of climates and creating its own ecosystem. Also, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原), 7. Mt. Qomolangma is located, is an important ecological resource.
“The expedition has transformed from ‘I want to conquer you’ to ‘I want to understand you’,” said Yao Tandong, team 8. (lead) of the expedition. The scientists’ work was beyond 9. (collect) samples. Advanced equipment like drones (无人机) and 3D laser scanning, was used to better monitor pollutants and changes in glaciers. With those new technologies, the expedition resulted 10. important international influence. (共53张PPT)
Period One
Reading and Thinking—
Comprehension
Antarctica
Icy and remote, the continent of Antarctica is the coldest,
driest, windiest, and southernmost place on Earth. It is located
almost entirely below the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by
the frigid(寒冷的) Southern Ocean. As a continent, Antarctica is
a large expanse of land. It is the Earth's fifth-largest
continent:larger than Europe, and nearly twice as large as
Australia.
Antarctica was so cold and unwelcoming that there was
little interest in exploring it. Map makers called the new
continent “Antarctica”, from a Greek word meaning the “opposite
of the Arctic”. Although it is so cold, Antarctica is a desert, with
very little rain or snow.
There are only two seasons in Antarctica: summer and
winter. Because Antarctica is located at the Earth's South Pole,
each summer brings long periods of sunlight, and winter brings
long periods of darkness.
Antarctica has no trees or bushes. Only moss and lichens
(地衣) and algae(藻类) can survive in such a cold climate. Very
few animals survive in the frozen desert of Antarctica, either. If
you were to visit Antarctica, you would be likely to see only
penguins, some other seabirds, and seals. More animal species
are found in the waters around Antarctica: fish, whales, squid,
mollusks(软体动物), and other invertebrates(无脊椎动物).
Today, Antarctica is not a country and has no government.
It does not belong to any country, although parts of the
continent are claimed by several countries.
Antarctica is the only continent to have a population of
zero. Although anywhere between one and five thousand people
visit each year, no one lives there permanently. Aside from
tourists, who only visit during the summer, most activity on
Antarctica is scientific. The frozen continent is protected by an
international treaty(条约) that prohibits military activity or mining,
setting it aside as a “natural reserve devoted to peace and
science”.
【主题词句背诵】
1.be surrounded by…被……包围
2.survive in…在……中存活
3.belong to属于
4.aside from…除……之外
5.set…aside把……放在一旁;暂不考虑
6.be devoted to 致力于
7.It is the Earth's fifth-largest continent:larger than Europe, and
nearly twice as large as Australia.
它(南极洲)是世界第五大洲：比欧洲要大,几乎是澳大利亚的两倍大。
8.Antarctica was so cold and unwelcoming that there was little
interest in exploring it.
南极洲是如此寒冷和不适合居住,以至于人类几乎没有兴趣探索它。
9.If you were to visit Antarctica, you would be likely to see only
penguins, some other seabirds, and seals.
如果你要去南极洲,你可能只会看到企鹅、一些其他海鸟和海豹。
10.Antarctica is the only continent to have a population of zero.
南极洲是唯一拥有零人口的大陆。
11.Aside from tourists, who only visit during the summer, most
activity on Antarctica is scientific.
除了只在夏季来观光的游客,南极洲上的大多数活动都是有关科学的。
课前自主探究
练习册
Task 1 Text Structure Analysing
Dates Events Blackborow’s
feelings
Oct. 31, 1914 I 1.____________ join the expedition, but I was 2.______________ because of my age. I secretly 3.______________ the Endurance and became a 4._________. excited
Nov. 21, 1915 The journey was not 5.______. Our ship was 6.______in the ice, so we had to 7.__________ it only taking the essential 8._________. panic
applied to
turned down
went aboard
steward
easy
stuck
abandon
supplies
Dates Events Blackborow'
sfeelings
May 20, 1916 Things were going from 9._____to 10._______on Elephant Island. Shackleton left us to find 11.______. Frank and Ernest's genuine concern for others, 12.______________ and 13.________ fill me with hope. low but
hopeful
bad
worse
help
perseverance
resolve
续表
Task 2 Fast Reading
The text mainly tells us _____________________________________
_____________________.
the experience of going to Antarctica on the ship Endurance
Task 3 Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer.
( ) 1.How did the author come to join the expedition
A.He applied to join the expedition.
B.He went aboard the ship secretly.
C.He was introduced by one steward.
D.He was accepted by Shackleton.
√
( ) 2.Why did Shackleton decide to abandon the Endurance
A.Endurance became stuck in the ice.
B.The ice would soon begin to melt.
C.There was no hope of being rescued.
D.Food was not enough in their small boats.
√
( ) 3.What did Shackleton do to make sure they could
survive
A.He told them to rescue all the essential supplies.
B.He left them to find help on South Georgia Island.
C.He caught penguins for them to eat.
D.He told happier things to keep their spirits up.
( ) 4.How did Perce think of Shackleton in the text
A.Calm and considerate. B.Brave and ambitious.
C.Strict and confident. D.Smart and open-minded.
√
√
Task 4 Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
At the age of 19, I applied 1.________(join) the expedition
to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton, but I
was turned down. So I 2.________ (secret) went aboard his ship,
the Endurance, and he assigned me to be a steward. The
journey was not easy. Endurance became 3.______(stick) in the
ice as we approached Antarctica. Before we abandoned the ship
we rescued our most essential 4._________ (supply) and we
to join
secretly
stuck
supplies
were not allowed to take most of our 5._________ (person)
belongings. We were camped on the ice and had been
managing to survive. But the things on Elephant Island were
going from bad to 6._______(bad). Shackleton left us to find
help on South Georgia Island. I tried to think of happier things
to keep my spirits 7.____. In order to survive, we caught
penguins to eat. I became selfish and bad-tempered,
8._____Frank and Ernest's genuine concern for others, their
9._____________(persevere) and their resolve filled me with hope.
Perhaps there was 10.___chance that we would return home.
personal
worse
up
but
perseverance
a
练 习 册
Ⅰ品句识词
1.Five members of Scott's expedition made it to the South Pole.
__________
远征;探险
2.They had to struggle against all kinds of adversity.__________
逆境;困境
3.His body lacks the bounce and vigour of a normal two-year-
old child. __________
精力;活力
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2
3
4
5
6
4.She packed her few belongings in a bag and left.___________
______
所有物; (随身)财物
5.I've learnt from bitter experience not to trust what he says.
________
痛苦的
6.The party turned out to be more of an endurance test than
a pleasure.____________
耐力;忍耐力
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2
3
4
5
6
Ⅱ单词拼写
1.As _______(工资)have fallen, the share of young men living in
the home of their parents has risen.
wages
2.The room was furnished with a __________ (橱柜) and some
old furniture.
cupboard
3.Listen to criticism but don't be ________ (挤压) by it.
crushed
4.She put an extra ________ (毯子) over the baby for fear that
he should catch a cold.
blanket
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5.Listening to soft music, guests can relax in the ______ (舒适的)
bar downstairs.
cosy
6.The police officers decided to conduct a __________ (彻底的)
and comprehensive review of the case.
thorough
7.As time went on, a _________(真诚的)friendship grew up
between us.
genuine
8.Being a ______________ (脾气坏的)man, he would not tolerate
having his lectures interrupted.
bad-tempered
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅲ短语填空
1.If we do some exercises or only take a short walk in the
morning, we will be ____________________ (精力充沛) the whole
day.
full of energy/vigour
2.The moment the son was about to ___________________
(上船), they kissed goodbye with tears.
go aboard the ship
3.The bus _________________ (被困于)the heavy snow and we
had to walk the rest of the way.
was/got stuck in
4.To be honest, the chances for promotion are good in the new
company, and the salary is just too attractive to ___________
(拒绝).
turn down
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5.Fires are often caused by cigarette ends which people
carelessly ____________ (扔掉).
throw away
6.In my opinion, they _______________________ (对……充满热
情)the research and tried to do wonderful things.
were enthusiastic about
7.The rain has stopped, so the game will go ahead _________
(终究).
after all
8.Abandoned by his owner, the little dog was ________________
____________________ (过悲惨的生活).
leading/having/
living a miserable life
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5
6
7
8
Ⅳ阅读理解
[2024·重庆名校联盟高二期中联考]
“On the very first day of 2024, I saw the snow of
Kilimanjaro, not from the novel written by Ernest Hemingway,
but from the peak of Mount Kilimanjaro!” Xu Zhuoyuan, a 17-
year-old mountaineer who'd stood on top of Mount
Qomolangma last May, climbed onto the tallest peak in Africa,
making herself the youngest Chinese girl that conquered it.
1
2
3
4
Xu's passion for mountaineering was motivated by her
father, who himself reached many peaks, including Mount
Qomolangma. And her mountaineering journey began on a
family trip to Xizang and Sichuan four years ago. For many
years, Xu devoted herself to rigorous training. She went to the
mountains in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks
over 5,000 metres and doing daily physical exercises like running,
swimming and rope skipping. All that hard work got her ready
for the challenges she would face on Kilimanjaro.
1
2
3
4
Above 4，000 metres on Mount Kilimanjaro, the climate is
similar to a desert, with big temperature differences. The whole
climb took 7 days, during which Xu faced unpredictable weather
such as rain and strong winds. Staying warm and avoiding heat
loss was the main challenge. Xu had to be very sensitive to any
temperature changes and adjust her clothing accordingly. This
climb was also a learning experience for Xu. She was climbing
with Xia Boyu (aged 74), the first Chinese climber to summit
Mount Qomolangma with an artificial leg, who'd inspired Xu a
lot.
1
2
3
4
Mountaineering, Xu discovered, is not just about being
strong physically; it is also a journey of self-discovery. “In
climbing and life, it's important to know when to let go of
things that are weighing us down and how to restart when we
feel ready,” she reflected.
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国女孩登上“非洲
之巅”乞力马扎罗山的故事。
( ) 1.What inspired Xu Zhuoyuan's interest in climbing
mountains
A.A novel written by Ernest Hemingway.
B.A former trip to Mount Qomolangma.
C.Her father's success in mountaineering.
D.Her family trip to Xizang and Sichuan.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Xu's passion for
mountaineering was motivated by her father, who himself
reached many peaks, including Mount Qomolangma.”可知，她对
登山的兴趣是受到她父亲成功登顶的激发。故选C项。
√
1
2
3
4
( ) 2.What does the underlined word “rigorous” in
Paragraph 2 mean
A.Flexible. B.Strict. C.Casual. D.Dangerous.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“She went to the mountains
in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks over 5,000
metres and doing daily physical exercises like running, swimming
and rope skipping. All that hard work got her ready for the
challenges she would face on Kilimanjaro.”可知，她每个月都去云
南和四川的山区，每天做跑步、游泳、跳绳等体育锻炼。所有的努
力让她为自己在乞力马扎罗山所面临的挑战做好了准备。由此判断，
多年来她致力于严格的训练。因此rigorous应与strict意义一致。故选
B项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 3.Which is NOT true about Xu's Kilimanjaro climbing
A.She was accompanied by a disabled climber.
B.There was a desert 4，000 metres on Mount Kilimanjaro.
C.Weather condition was unstable above Mount Kilimanjaro.
D.Clothes adjustment was needed due to temperature changes.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“She was climbing with Xia
Boyu (aged 74), the first Chinese climber to summit Mount
Qomolangma with an artificial leg, who'd inspired Xu a lot.”可知
A正确。根据文章第三段中“The whole climb took 7 days, during
√
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2
3
4
which Xu faced unpredictable weather such as rain and strong
winds.”可知C正确。根据文章第三段中“Xu had to be very
sensitive to any temperature changes and adjust her clothing
accordingly.”可知D正确。根据文章第三段中“Above 4，000 metres
on Mount Kilimanjaro, the climate is similar to a desert, with big
temperature differences.”可知，乞力马扎罗山海拔四千米以上的气
候类似沙漠地区，温差大，而不是有沙漠，因此B不正确。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 4.Which of the following is the best title for this
passage
A.Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro—a Chinese girl's bravery
B.Conquering new heights—a story of passion
C.Mountaineering—a journey of self-discovery
D.Mount Kilimanjaro—a destination of inspiration
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 主旨大意题。这篇文章是一则新闻。根据首段中“Xu
Zhuoyuan, a 17-year-old mountaineer who'd stood on top of
Mount Qomolangma last May, climbed onto the tallest peak in
Africa, making herself the youngest Chinese girl that conquered
it.”并结合第二段她登山的前期准备、第三段攀登乞力马扎罗山的困
难以及第四段登顶后她的感受可知，本文介绍了一个勇敢的中国女
孩成功登顶乞力马扎罗山的故事。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ阅读七选五
[2024·福建泉州高二期中联考]
How to increase the “amount of
wisdom” in your brain
This world is filled with challenges. In order to survive in it,
humans need to be wise. Wisdom provides you with perspective
when you are in terrible situations, which is like a beacon (灯塔)
of hope in the darkness. However, you have to remember, this
is a journey and not a destination. 1.___
B
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2
3
4
5
Try experiencing new opportunities.
Variety is the spice of life but experiencing new
opportunities is also how you gain wisdom. You will never grow
from being in your comfort zone, which is why you need to get
out of it. This is the only way you will gain wisdom and
become better. You can try learning new skills that are not on
your bucket list (愿望清单).
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
You have preferences which help you out, but you need to
set them aside most of the time. You should be receptive to
different views. Always develop a sense of curiosity, and observe
the world from different angles, which will facilitate your
development. 3.___ Train your mind to be a judgement-free
space for ideas. If you are humble, then you will always get to
experience something new.
A
C
1
2
3
4
5
Never back away from learning.
You must be the kind of person who learns something new
every day; you must develop a thirst for knowledge. Take new
classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and the list
goes on and on. If something confuses you, surf the Internet
and clear out your problems. 4.___ In the end, you will be able
to tackle a problem from different angles, making everything
easier.
D
1
2
3
4
5
Learn and grow from your mistakes.
All of us make mistakes in life, but it is the
acknowledgement of mistakes that makes us grow and do
better next time. 5.___ Stop blaming other people for your
mistakes and admit where you went wrong. Your best teacher
will always be your last mistake, so learn the best from it.
A.Open yourself to diverse perspectives.
B.Here are some strategies that you can use to get wiser.
C.Never base your point of view on the most popular opinion.
E
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2
3
4
5
D.All of these activities will strengthen your critical-thinking skills.
E.We can reflect on what made us fail, so that we may improve
ourselves.
F.What you do all day will be able to help you acquire
knowledge you want.
G.Wisdom is a wonderful accumulation of experience, knowledge,
and good judgement.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何增加大脑中的智
慧量。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
B
[解析] 根据上文“This world is filled with challenges. In order to
survive in it, humans need to be wise. Wisdom provides you
with perspective when you are in terrible situations, which is like
a beacon (灯塔) of hope in the darkness. However, you have to
remember, this is a journey and not a destination.”以及下文的四
个小标题可知，有很多方法能使人变得聪明。B项“Here are some
strategies that you can use to get wiser.”(这里有一些你可以用来
变得更聪明的策略。)承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
A
[解析] 根据下文“You should be receptive to different views.”可知，
本段中作者的建议是接受不同的观点。A项“Open yourself to
diverse perspectives.”(向不同的观点敞开心扉。)符合语境，故选A项。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
C
[解析] 根据上文“Always develop a sense of curiosity, and
observe the world from different angles, which will facilitate your
development.”可知，作者告知人们要从不同角度看问题，不要只关
注某一个观点。C项“Never base your point of view on the most
popular opinion.” (永远不要把你的观点建立在最流行的观点上。)
符合语境，故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
D
[解析] 根据上文“Take new classes, read books, listen to
educational podcasts, and the list goes on and on. If something
confuses you, surf the Internet and clear out your problems.”可
知，前面提到的这些活动都会提高你的批判性思维能力，最终你能
够从不同角度解决问题。D项“All of these activities will strengthen
your critical-thinking skills.”(所有这些活动都将加强你的批判性思维
能力。)符合语境，故选D项。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
E
[解析] 根据上文“All of us make mistakes in life, but it is the
acknowledgement of mistakes that makes us grow and do
better next time.”可知，我们在生活中会犯错，但是需要反思，从
错误中学习，让自己不断成长。E项“We can reflect on what made
us fail, so that we may improve ourselves.” (我们可以反思是什么
让我们失败了，这样我们就可以提高自己。)符合语境，故选E项。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅵ语法填空［2024·四川南充高二期中考试］
Humans successfully reached the top of the world, Mount
Qomolangma, for the first time in 1953. On May 23, 70 years
later, a Chinese expedition team reached its peak and
1.________ (carry) out scientific research, which celebrated the
historical adventure. The journey to the top is
2.__________(extreme) dangerous and takes both bravery and
good physical health 3._____________(complete). Climbers fight
against the harsh (恶劣的) environment and go beyond 4.______
(they) limits.
carried
extremely
to complete
their
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The main reason why scientists fearlessly continue this climb
to the top can be the rich information that Mt. Qomolangma
provides. Due to its biodiversity, it can 5._________ (see) as a
“micro Earth”. The drop in altitude (海拔) from the top is huge,
forming 6.___ wide range of climates and creating its own
ecosystem. Also, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原), 7._______
Mt. Qomolangma is located, is an important ecological resource.
be seen
a
where
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
“The expedition has transformed from ‘I want to conquer
you’ to ‘I want to understand you’,” said Yao Tandong, team
8._______ (lead) of the expedition. The scientists' work was
beyond 9.__________ (collect) samples. Advanced equipment like
drones (无人机) and 3D laser scanning, was used to better
monitor pollutants and changes in glaciers. With those new
technologies, the expedition resulted 10.___ important
international influence.
leader
collecting
in
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国考察队成功登上珠穆
朗玛峰并进行科学研究的故事。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.________
carried
[解析] 考查动词时态。根据and前的reached可知，and前后连接并
列的谓语动词，所以这里应用一般过去时。故填carried。
2.__________
extremely
[解析] 考查副词。修饰形容词dangerous应用副词，extremely意为
“极其，非常”，作状语。故填extremely。
3._____________
to complete
[解析] 考查固定句型。sth takes/took…to do为固定句型，意为“做
某事需要……”。故填to complete。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.______
their
[解析] 考查代词。空处应用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
5._________
be seen
[解析] 考查动词语态。see…as…意为“将……看作……”。根据句意可
知，it和see之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。空前有can，故填be
seen。
6.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。a wide range of…意为“各种各样的……，广泛
的……”。故填a。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7._______
where
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。
故填where。
8._______
leader
[解析] 考查名词。“team…of the expedition”是Yao Tandong的同位
语，表示身份，应用名词的单数leader，意为“领导者”。故填leader。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.__________
collecting
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词beyond 的宾语，应用动名词。
故填collecting。
10.___
in
[解析] 考查介词。result in为固定搭配，意为“导致，引起，造成”。
故填in。
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10
