Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
语言精讲
1.①to enjoy ②entitled ③to ④give us a special lecture entitled ⑤were entitled to
2.①diving ②for ③into ④dived into a bush ⑤dived in
3.①freedom ②freeing ③from ④gives me the freedom to make mistakes ⑤freeing me from the heavy pressure of study
语法归纳
【自我总结】
句首; 表语; 前面; 后面; 宾补
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.conducted 2.pleased 3.covered 4.informed
5.excited 6.hidden 7.taken 8.spent 9.Founded 10.treated
●Ⅱ 1.Inspired by the fantastic scenery; surrounded by blooming flowers
2.found myself surrounded
3.became more and more impatient
4.hidden in the mists of the early morning
5.Based on my experience; judging from the number of the people
●Ⅲ 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国自动驾驶清扫车凭借高科技性能引发全球关注,有效降低成本并提升清洁效率,彰显了在自动化技术、智慧管理及新能源应用方面的优势。
1. to release 考查动词不定式。use sth to do sth为固定搭配,意为“使用某物做某事”,此处应用动词不定式形式。故填to release。
2.the 考查冠词。序数词first前需加定冠词the,表示特指。故填the。
3.launched 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语combines,空处为非谓语动词,launch与其逻辑主语product之间是动宾关系,因此应用过去分词作后置定语。故填launched。
4.with 考查介词。be equipped with为固定搭配,意为“配备有”,此处省略be动词,用过去分词短语作状语。故填with。
5.visitors 考查名词复数。visitor意为“游客”,为可数名词,根据空前的several可知,此处应用其复数形式。故填visitors。
6.automatically 考查副词。空处修饰动词drive,应用副词automatically作状语,意为“自动地”。故填automatically。
7.themselves 考查反身代词。空处与they所指相同,因此应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
8.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个句子,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
9.efficiency 考查名词。空处与safety并列,作improve的宾语,应用名词efficiency,意为“效率”。故填efficiency。
10.includes 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,且主语the field of autonomous driving为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填includes。Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
Ⅰ.1.pleased 2.Faced 3.blocked 4.promoted
5.known 6.permitted 7.asked; tired; to find
Ⅱ.1.All the homework finished/With all the homework finished
2.bought on the Internet
3.find yourself getting impatient or annoyed
4.keep us informed of
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 这是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了坐落于四川的小凉山里的卡莎莎乡村度假区。
1.the 考查冠词。Xiaoliang Mountain为专有名词,前面需要加定冠词the。故填the。
2.is located 考查时态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语动词。be located in 意为“坐落于……”。本句话描述客观事实,所以用一般现在时,主语为单数。故填is located。
3.to 考查介词。be home to…表示“是……的家园”,是固定搭配。故填to。
4.Its 考查形容词性物主代词。此处需要使用形容词性物主代词its,修饰name。该单词位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Its。
5.appearance 考查名词。根据空前的the original以及空后的of可知,空处需用名词。appear的名词形式为appearance。故填appearance。
6.built 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语owns,空处需用非谓语动词,与空后内容组成短语作后置定语,修饰名词tree houses,该动词和修饰的名词tree houses之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以需用过去分词形式。故填built。
7.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a visitor centre,先行词指物,关系词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
8.mysterious 考查形容词。此处需要使用形容词mysterious“神秘的”,与ancient并列,作定语修饰名词Yi ethnic customs。故填mysterious。
9.to explore 考查非谓语动词。此处需要使用不定式to explore作定语,修饰experiences。故填to explore。
10.has received 考查时态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语over the past two years可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语为单数,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has received。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是科学家正努力复活渡渡鸟,但是生物学家对是否应该进行这类研究存在激烈的争论。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The scientists in question said their work, beyond providing an insight into the extinct dodo’s existence, could help inform the conservation of rare species that are not yet extinct. However, there is a fierce debate among biologists over whether this sort of research should be pursued.”可知,科学家们对已灭绝的渡渡鸟进行深入的研究,但是,这项研究是否应该进行存在着激烈的争论,由此可知,对渡渡鸟的研究引起了不一致的观点。故选B项。
2.D 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“But she warned that the revived dodo could never replace what has been made extinct.”可知,Beth Shapiro认为复活的渡渡鸟永远不会代替灭绝的渡渡鸟,由此可以推测,她所说的话,也就是画线单词所在的句子所表达的意思应与此相同,所以画线单词所在的句子表达的意思应为“解决世界生物多样化危机的方法是带回一个‘替代品’是一个疯狂的想法”,所以该单词的意思应与画线单词前的句子中的replace意义相关。故选D项。
3.A 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“He added, ‘I’ve no idea whether the project will work as they claim, but the question is not just “can you do this”, but “should you do it”…I’m not sure what purpose it serves, and whether this is really the best distribution of resources. We should be saving the species that we have before they go extinct.’”可知,Prof. Ewan Birney认为研究复活渡渡鸟的问题不是能不能做的问题,而是应不应该做的问题,他不确定这种研究是不是最好的资源分配,并且提议应该在动物灭绝前去拯救这些物种,由此可知,Prof. Ewan Birney对他们的这项研究持批判的态度。故选A项。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The scientists in question said their work, beyond providing an insight into the extinct dodo’s existence, could help inform the conservation of rare species that are not yet extinct. However, there is a fierce debate among biologists over whether this sort of research should be pursued.”以及下文中不同人员对这项研究的利与弊的分析可知,本文讲述的应是科学家们要复活渡渡鸟的利和弊,所以A项“复活渡渡鸟的利和弊”与本文内容吻合,且概括全文内容。故选A项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个可以帮助你在加拿大旅游省钱的妙招。
1.E 根据上文“Canada is considered one of the most fascinating countries in the world and attracts numerous tourists from all over the world every year.”可知,加拿大是一个旅游胜地。下文“Here are some tips on how to make your trip budget-friendly.”说有一些好的省钱的建议。选项E“If you are longing for a trip to Canada but on a tight budget, don’t worry.” (如果你渴望去加拿大旅行,但预算紧张,不要担心。)承上启下,符合上下文内容。故选E。
2.G 上文“If you live close to Canada, you can drive your own car through customs and border controls, or you can rent a car.”建议读者自驾或租赁汽车。下文“Though it tends to be slower, tickets are extremely cheap, especially when booked in advance.”中又提到了票价便宜,说明空处应该提到了某种公共交通工具。选项G“If you don’t have a tight schedule, taking the Megabus from city to city is a good choice.”(如果你的行程不是很紧,乘坐Megabus从一个城市到另一个城市是个不错的选择。)建议读者乘坐Megabus,与下文内容一致。故选G。
3.B 空处为段首句,引出本段主要内容。根据下文“These are very popular and inexpensive ways to stay the night. Look for shared rooms rather than entire homes, because sharing the spaces tends to be cheaper. Alternatively, you can stay at hostels. Most hostels have shared bathrooms and kitchen areas, and might have shared bedrooms as well.”可知,本段主要讲述的是旅游期间的住宿问题。选项B“As for accommodation, use home sharing services like Airbnb.”(关于住宿,可以使用Airbnb这样的房屋共享服务。)与下文内容一致。故选B。
4.F 根据本段首句“To have fun, go to music, art, and food festivals.”可知,本段主要介绍了一些旅游时游客可参加的娱乐活动。空前“Especially during the summer, most large cities have a variety of outdoor festivals with free entrance.”介绍了一些户外活动供读者参加。空后“You can also visit museums, art galleries, and universities.”则介绍了博物馆等场所供读者参观。选项F“Take advantage of the opportunity to see local artists and sample Canadian cuisine!” (利用这个机会,看看当地艺术家,品尝加拿大美食!)也提供了一些游客可以从事的活动,符合上下文内容。故选F。
5.A 根据上文“Art and history are extremely important cultural aspects of life in Canada, so there are many free or low-cost museums and galleries to visit. Additionally, most universities offer free tours of their campuses.”可知,作者建议读者欣赏加拿大的艺术和历史。选项A“Some of them include small museums or historical landmarks.” (其中一些包括小型博物馆或历史地标。)与上文提到的艺术、历史相一致。故选A。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是埃塞俄比亚的塞米恩国家公园曾面临威胁,但在政府和民众的共同努力下,该公园得到了很好的保护,最终被移出《濒危世界遗产名录》。
1.to preserve 考查不定式。根据句意可知,空处表示目的,应用不定式表目的,故填to preserve。
2.as 考查介词。由句意可知,此处指联合国教科文组织将其中一些遗址列为世界遗产,“将……列为”是classify…as…,故填as。
3.an 考查冠词。根据语境可知,此处表示“越来越多的人类定居点”,an increasing number of意为“越来越多的”,因此空格处应用不定冠词an,故填an。
4.coupled 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语had worsened,空处应为非谓语动词,an increasing number of human settlements与couple之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,空处应为过去分词表示被动,故填coupled。
5.would take 考查动词时态。主句是一般过去时,从句动作未发生,空处应为过去将来时,故填would take。
6.removal 考查名词。its后跟名词,remove的名词形式是removal,意为“移走,去掉”,是不可数名词,故填removal。
7.had been devoted 考查动词时态和语态。由句意可知,devote和efforts之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,由by then可知,句子表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,时态用过去完成时,因此空格处是had been devoted。故填had been devoted。
8.Effective 考查形容词。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰community-driven conservation strategies,句子表示“有效的社区驱动的保护策略有助于防止进一步的生态损失”,空格处意为“有效的”,形容词是effective,位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Effective。
9.whose 考查定语从句。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句,strategy和aim之间是所属关系,因此空格处用表所属关系的关系代词whose引导定语从句,故填whose。
10.hugely 考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词assisted,故填hugely。Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
1.entitle vt. (to give a title to a book, film, etc. or to give someone the right to do or have something) 给……命名(或题名);使享有权利
(教材P16) Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the government to help protect their cultural heritage.
中国的少数民族往往有权获得政府的专项资金,以帮助保护他们的文化遗产。
(1)entitle sb to sth 使某人享有……权利
entitle sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事
be entitled sth 命名为……,题名为……
be entitled to sth 具有享有某物的权利/资格
be entitled to do sth 有权利/资格做某事
(2)title n. 标题;名称;题目;称号;头衔
vt. (给书籍、乐曲等)加标题;
定题目
【佳句背诵】
I hope you would take my application into account favourably and entitle me to an interview.
我希望您能够好好考虑我的申请,并给予我面试的机会。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①There are 23 special clubs throughout the US, and your membership entitles you (enjoy) all of them.
②He read a poem (entitle) “Salt”, which is a popular one among teenagers.
③Their age and experience entitle old people the respect of young people.
◆完成句子
④Today, I am honoured to invite Mr Smith to “Learn to Appreciate English Poetry”.
今天,我很荣幸地邀请到史密斯先生为我们做一场题为“学会欣赏英语诗歌”的专题讲座。(应用文写作之发言稿)
⑤Christmas was approaching and we a twenty-five dollar Christmas fund for social services.
临近圣诞节,我们获得了领取来自社会援助的一份25美元的圣诞救济金的资格。(读后续写之社会生活)
2.dive vi.& n.(to jump into water, especially with your head and arms going in first)跳水;潜水;俯冲
(教材P16) Visitors to the beaches can enjoy many activities,including diving,kayaking, and rock climbing.
到海滩去的游客可以享受许多活动,包括潜水、划皮划艇和攀岩。
(1)dive for 扑向;潜水寻找
dive into 跳入,冲进,躲进;钻研,埋头于
dive in 跳入水中;钻进
dive off 从高处往水中跳;跳下
(2)make a dive for sth 扑向某物
take a dive into 深入研究
(3)diving n. 潜水
【佳句背诵】
The first time I dive on a coral reef is an experience I will never forget.
第一次在珊瑚礁潜水是我毕生难忘的经历。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go (dive), but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.
②The goalkeeper made a sudden dive the ball, but he couldn’t quite get his hands on it.
③The detective decided to dive the case and not to stop until he had solved it.
◆完成句子
④Seeing the horrible animal coming up for him,Colin , shaking and trembling with fear.
看到那只可怕的动物朝他走来,Colin吓得瑟瑟发抖,一头扎进了灌木丛。
⑤Freezing cold as the water was, he without a second thought.
尽管冷水刺骨,他还是不假思索地潜了进去。
3.freedom n. (the state of being able to do what you want, without anything stopping you)自由;不受……影响的状态
(教材P16) Unfortunately, elephants are endangered in Thailand,but special parks have been set up to protect their safety and freedom.
不幸的是,泰国的大象正濒临灭绝,但为了保护它们的安全和自由,人们建立了专门的公园。
(1)freedom to do sth做……的自由
freedom from 免于
freedom of… ……的自由
(2)free adj. 免费的;自由的,不受约束的
vt. 使自由,释放;解放
be free from/of sth 不受……伤害(或影响等)
free…from… 把……从……中释放出来;使……摆脱……
【佳句背诵】
Students have the freedom to focus on whatever topic or subject that they are interested in and study it in depth through the Internet.
学生可以自由地专注于他们感兴趣的任何主题或学科,并通过互联网深入研究它。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①As independent individuals, we have (free) to control our own body and make arrangements for daily schedule.
②They planned to extend the car park, (free) existing parking spaces for visitors.
③The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free dust.
◆完成句子
④I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child, but as an equal. She and to learn from them all.
我非常尊敬我的母亲,因为她从不把我当孩子看待,而是平等对待。她给了我犯错误的自由,并(让我)从中吸取教训。
⑤Among them, playing football is my favourite,which does me lots of benefits,not only building up my body, but also .
其中,踢足球是我最喜欢的,它给我带来很多好处,不仅锻炼身体,还让我从沉重的学习压力中解脱出来。(话题写作之学校生活)
【探索发现】
1.Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
2.…I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life.
3.Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
4.A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.
5.I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
6.Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
【自我总结】
以上句子中, 句1中为过去分词短语作状语,通常放于 ;句2和句5中为过去分词作 ;句4中为单个的过去分词作定语, 常常放于被修饰名词的 ;句3中为过去分词短语作定语, 常常放于被修饰名词的 ;句6中为过去分词短语作 。
复习过去分词
过去分词(Past Participle) 是非谓语动词中分词的一种,英文缩写为PP。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成,也有一些不规则变化。过去分词在句中常常可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语时往往与被修饰的词靠得很近,渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词(Participial Adjective),实际上其作用相当于一个形容词,除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。
1.前置定语
单个的v.-ed形式一般放在被修饰名词的前面,作前置定语。如:
Lost time (=Time which is lost) can never be found again.
逝去的时光无法再找回。
2.后置定语
(1)修饰不定代词的过去分词往往放在其后面,少数单个v.-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定语。如:
You should keep in mind that everything used should be marked.
你应该牢记:每一个用过的东西都应该被标记。
(2)v.-ed短语作定语时,通常要放在被修饰名词或不定代词的后面,相当于一个定语从句。如:
Is there anything planned (=that has been planned) for tonight
今晚有什么计划好的事情吗
[温馨提示] (1)不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”的意义。如:
falling leaves正在飘落的叶子(表示正在进行)
fallen leaves落叶(表示完成)
the exploded bomb已爆炸的炸弹
a retired miner一位已退休的矿工
(2)learn, light都有两种形式的过去分词,但作定语时,只能用拼写较长的过去分词。如:
a learned lawyer一位博学的律师
a lighted lamp一盏点亮的灯
二、过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语时,总是在系动词(如be,appear,feel,remain,seem,look等)之后,构成系表结构。如:
She didn’t pass the final exam, so she looked very disappointed.
她没有通过期末考试,所以看起来很失望。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中, v.-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如:
The battery is running out. You’d better have it charged.
电池的电量快要用完了。你最好给它充电。
1.过去分词可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。如:
They considered the matter settled and then happily drove to Paris for vacation.
他们认为这个问题解决了,然后愉快地自驾去巴黎度假了。
2.过去分词可作使役动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave等。如:
When you give a speech, you should try to make yourself understood by the audiences.
当你发表演讲时,你应该努力让听众听懂你的话。
3.过去分词可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括like, want, wish, expect, order等。如:
He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting.
他不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。
4.过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.
小偷被带进来了,双手被绑在背后。
四、过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随的意义。过去分词作状语相当于一个表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步的状语从句。若过去分词作状语,句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系,即主语是该分词动作的承受者。
1.作原因状语,多放在主句之前,相当于because, since, as引导的从句。如:
Tired from the day’s hard work, he fell asleep soon.
=Because he was tired from the day’s hard work, he fell asleep soon.
他努力工作了一天很累,所以很快就睡着了。
2.作时间状语,相当于when引导的时间状语从句,有时在分词前直接加when, while, until等词可使其表达的时间意义更明确。如:
When heated, water can be changed into steam.
水加热后可以变成水蒸气。
3.作条件状语,相当于if, unless引导的从句。如:
Given another chance, he can do it better.
=If he is given another chance, he can do it better.
如果再给他一次机会,他会做得更好。
4.作让步状语,相当于though, although引导的从句。如:
Defeated again, we did not lose heart.
=Though we were defeated again, we did not lose heart.
虽然再次被击败,但我们没有灰心。
5.作方式或伴随状语。如:
Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
他陷入沉思,差点儿撞到前面的汽车上。
The teacher stood there, surrounded by many students.
老师站在那儿,周围围着许多学生。
五、连词+过去分词
过去分词作时间、条件或让步状语时,为了明确其意义,有时可在过去分词前加上when, while, if, once, unless, although 等连词,相当于状语从句的省略。如:
Although printed (=Although the book has been printed) many times, the book still sells well in the market.
虽然这本书已被印刷过许多次了,但它仍在市场上卖得很好。
Once visited(=Once the city is visited), the city will never be forgotten.
一旦你参观了这座城市,你就永远不会忘记它。
注意:before, after一般不与过去分词连用,因为这两个词可作介词,其后要接being done形式。
【易混辨析】
现在分词与过去分词作状语
作状语时,是用现在分词形式还是用过去分词形式,取决于该动词与句子主语之间的关系。如果是逻辑上的主谓关系,一般用现在分词;如果是逻辑上的动宾关系,则一般用过去分词。如:
Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the park even more beautiful.
从山顶上看,我们发现这个公园更加美丽。(see与主语we之间是主谓关系)
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.
从山顶上看,这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语the park之间是动宾关系)
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.A study of travellers (conduct) by the website Tripadvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
2.He bent over and tried to catch his breath. He was exhausted, but he felt (please) with himself as well.
3.She was angry to see the beautiful coat she had bought the day before (cover) with a lot of dirt.
4.As we all know, the Internet can keep us (inform) about what is happening at home and abroad.
5.They tried to silence the (excite) audience but failed.
6.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message (hide) within the work.
7.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph (take).
8.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students.
9. (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
10.There are some health problems that, if not (treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作
1.[2024·新课标Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷应用文写作] , I decided to create a watercolour of the small bridge over the park’s pond, .
被美妙的景色所启发,我决定画一幅水彩画,描绘公园池塘上那座小桥,周围是盛开的花朵。
2.When I headed towards the centre,I by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe.(find+宾语+宾补)
当向市中心进发时,我发现自己被高楼大厦所包围,这儿映现了欧洲最好的宫殿。
3.Three hours passing by, I .
三个小时过去了,我变得越来越不耐烦。
4.The little deer silently crossed the fields, half .(hide)
小鹿静静地穿过田野,在清晨的薄雾中若隐若现。
5. , jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise, and who left our neighbourhood jogging army, I’m not alone in my opinion.(base)
根据我的经验,慢跑是最被人高估的运动形式,从退出我们社区慢跑大军的人数判断,不只是我有这种观点。
●Ⅲ 语法填空
China-made autonomous sweepers are grabbing attention all over the globe, as the country uses its technological expertise (专长) 1. (release) new quality productive forces in the field of cleanliness.
A Shanghai-based high-tech company has received 2. world’s first road testing licence for autonomous sweepers. The company’s latest product, 3. (launch) in March, combines three cleanliness tasks—sweeping, road spraying, and garbage transportation and is able to cut overall cleanliness operation costs by 70 percent. Equipped 4. technologies including millimetre-wave radars (雷达), cameras and high-precision positioning, the sweepers can achieve precise edge fitting, safe obstacle (障碍) avoidance, emergency avoidance, flexible turning and direction switching during operation.
In recent months, its advanced technology and features have attracted the attention of several local residents as well as 5. (visitor). The vehicles operate powerfully, especially during extreme weather. After completing the daily cleaning tasks, they 6. (automatic) drive to the garbage collection area and complete the dumping (倾倒) task by 7. (they).
Liang Haiming, director of Hainan University’s Belt and Road Research Institute, said that unmanned sweepers made in China have advantages in automation technology, smart management and the application of new energy, 8. helps to improve safety and work 9. (efficient).
“In addition to cleanliness, the field of autonomous driving 10. (include) limited and low-speed environments such as distribution, shared travel, public transportation, ports and terminals, and mining operations,” Liang said. Period Three Learning About Language (Grammar)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Guan Mei is (please) to see the village children come to her house willingly when they have free time.
2. (face) with the increasing unemployment, many people went on strike in most of the European countries.
3.When we saw the road (block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
4.While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
5.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases (know) only to people with specific knowledge.
6.I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
7.When (ask), the man said he went home at 2:00 am (tire) and only (find) his house broken into.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作
1. , Mary helped her mother with the housework.
做完所有的功课之后, 玛丽帮妈妈做家务。
2.Prices of daily goods can be lower than store prices. 在网上购买的日用品的价格可能低于商店价格。
3.Do you with people over unimportant things
你是否发现自己因为不重要的事情而对别人感到不耐烦或生气
4.As we all know, the Internet can what is happening at home and abroad. 众所周知, 互联网可以让我们了解国内外正在发生的事情。
●Ⅲ 语篇填空
[2024·湖北五市高二期末联考]
In south-western Sichuan Province, Casasa Village Resort lies in 1. Xiaoliang Mountain and features traditional Yi ethnic culture.
The resort 2. (locate) in Fulai Village, Mabian Yi Autonomous County, Leshan City. The ancient village is home 3. the Yi ethnic group and the ethnic majority Han people. 4. (it) name, Casasa, means “thank you” in the Yi language. Following the principle of reconstruction, the resort has used traditional materials and techniques to keep the original 5. (appear) of old buildings as much as possible.
Casasa also owns four tree houses 6. (build) on the mountainside, each with a private terrace (阳台) facing the distant mountains. Inside, the three floor-to-ceiling windows provide grand views of the surrounding plants and trees. Additionally, a red building in tea fields serves as a visitor centre, 7. is a place to read books, drink tea and host cultural lectures and book-sharing sessions. Casasa enjoys rich natural and historical resources in surrounding areas. Beyond the 8. (mystery) and ancient Yi ethnic customs, there are many novel experiences for visitors 9. (explore).
Over the past two years, Casasa 10. (receive) several honours and become a popular tourist destination in Leshan and nearby areas. Moreover, Casasa has worked alongside village cooperatives (合作社) to increase local people’s sales income from vegetables, meat and other raw materials.
●Ⅳ 阅读理解 [2024·江苏常州高二期末]
The dodo, a Mauritian bird last seen in the 17th century, will be brought back to a semblance (外观) of life if attempts by a gene-editing company are successful. Gene-editing techniques now exist that allow scientists to extract the dodo genome (基因组) that they believe they can then effectively recreate within the body of a living relative.
The scientists in question said their work, beyond providing an insight into the extinct dodo’s existence, could help inform the conservation of rare species that are not yet extinct. However, there is a fierce debate among biologists over whether this sort of research should be pursued.
Beth Shapiro, the lead paleo-geneticist (古遗传学家) at Colossal, told The Guardian she tried to persuade a museum to let her extract DNA from a preserved dodo exhibited there. She said there were hundreds of dodos in collections around the world, so it had been possible to sequence the dead bird’s genome. But she warned that the revived dodo could never replace what has been made extinct. “It would be crazy to think the solution to the world’s biodiversity crisis was to bring back a proxy,” she said.
Ben Lamm, the chief executive of the company, said they were raising a further 150 million dollars to pursue the research on the dodo. He pointed out that it could assist conservation efforts for many other threatened species around the world, as it would develop techniques that could allow scientists to detect and preserve key features in those existing species that could help them adapt in a changing climate.
Prof. Ewan Birney from European Molecular Biology Laboratory, who was not involved with Colossal’s work, said it would be very, very challenging to recreate the dodo genome. He added, “I’ve no idea whether the project will work as they claim, but the question is not just ‘can you do this’, but ‘should you do it’…I’m not sure what purpose it serves, and whether this is really the best distribution of resources. We should be saving the species that we have before they go extinct.”
( )1.What can we learn about dodo from the text
A.It is a bird that is only unique to Mauritius.
B.The research on it has raised conflicting opinions.
C.It has been successfully brought back to life.
D.It could be recreated within the remains of a relative.
( )2.What does the underlined word “proxy” mean in Paragraph 3
A.Fake. B.Creature.
C.Model. D.Replacement.
( )3.What’s Prof. Ewan Birney’s attitude towards Colossal’s work
A.Critical. B.Indifferent.
C.Supportive. D.Conservative.
( )4.Which is the best title of the passage
A.Pros and cons of reviving dodos
B.Gene-editing techniques in effect
C.Scientists trying hard to recreate dodos
D.A vain attempt to bring dodos back to life
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
Canada is considered one of the most fascinating countries in the world and attracts numerous tourists from all over the world every year. 1. Here are some tips on how to make your trip budget-friendly.
First, adopt economical ways to get around. Driving is one of the cheapest and most efficient ways to get around Canada. If you live close to Canada, you can drive your own car through customs and border controls, or you can rent a car. 2. Though it tends to be slower, tickets are extremely cheap, especially when booked in advance. What’s more, you can travel by train across Canada and along the coasts, which is one of the most cost-friendly ways to see the country.
3. These are very popular and inexpensive ways to stay the night. Look for shared rooms rather than entire homes, because sharing the spaces tends to be cheaper. Alternatively, you can stay at hostels. Most hostels have shared bathrooms and kitchen areas, and might have shared bedrooms as well.
To have fun, go to music, art, and food festivals. Especially during the summer, most large cities have a variety of outdoor festivals with free entrance. 4. You can also visit museums, art galleries, and universities. Art and history are extremely important cultural aspects of life in Canada, so there are many free or low-cost museums and galleries to visit. Additionally, most universities offer free tours of their campuses. 5.
Keep these tips in mind, and even if you’re on a tight budget, you can spend time in major cities in Canada, enjoy the outdoors, and experience the unique culture of the country.
A.Some of them include small museums or historical landmarks.
B.As for accommodation, use home sharing services like Airbnb.
C.Domestic tourism industry has also boomed in Canada in recent years.
D.Besides, visit local websites to find the best hotels topping tourists’ lists.
E.If you are longing for a trip to Canada but on a tight budget, don’t worry.
F.Take advantage of the opportunity to see local artists and sample Canadian cuisine!
G.If you don’t have a tight schedule, taking the Megabus from city to city is a good choice.
●Ⅵ 语法填空 [2024·福建泉州高二期末联考]
Wild lands across Africa are home to many rare, threatened, and endangered species. Having recognized their extraordinary value and 1. (preserve) their ecological wealth, the UNESCO classified some of these sites 2. World Heritage Sites. Unfortunately, the ecological integrity of many significant landscapes is under the influence of human activity.
Let’s take the example of Ethiopia’s Simien Mountains National Park. In 1996 when it entered the List of World Heritage in Danger, 3. increasing number of human settlements around the park over the years, 4. (couple) with unsustainable farming practices and overgrazing (过度放牧), had worsened the conditions of all important wildlife habitat. Fortunately, in 2000, the authority of Ethiopia announced that it 5. (take) measures to change the current situation.
In 2017, the park made history with its 6. (remove) from the list, a significant and remarkable achievement of the Government of Ethiopia. By then various efforts 7. (devote) to achieving this. In 2003, the Government reestablished the limits of the park, adding the Mesarerya and Limalimo Wildlife Reserves. 8. (effect) community-driven conservation strategies are instrumental in preventing further ecological loss. The authorities have developed a grazing strategy 9. aim is to greatly reduce the grazing pressure on the park. Plus, alternative livelihoods through tourism assisted communities 10. (huge) in developing conservation-friendly economies in the landscape. (共102张PPT)
Period Three
Learning About Language
(Grammar)
语言精讲
语法归纳
练习册
1.entitle vt. (to give a title to a book, film, etc. or to give
someone the right to do or have something) 给……命名(或题名);
使享有权利
(教材P16) Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to
special funds from the government to help protect their cultural
heritage.
中国的少数民族往往有权获得政府的专项资金,以帮助保护他们的文
化遗产。
(1)entitle sb to sth 使某人享有……权利
entitle sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事
be entitled sth 命名为……，题名为……
be entitled to sth 具有享有某物的权利/资格
be entitled to do sth 有权利/资格做某事
(2)title n.标题;名称;题目;称号;头衔
vt.(给书籍、乐曲等)加标题;定题目
【佳句背诵】
I hope you would take my application into account favourably
and entitle me to an interview.
我希望您能够好好考虑我的申请,并给予我面试的机会。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①There are 23 special clubs throughout the US, and your
membership entitles you _________ (enjoy) all of them.
②He read a poem ________ (entitle) “Salt”, which is a popular
one among teenagers.
③Their age and experience entitle old people ____ the respect
of young people.
to enjoy
entitled
to
◆完成句子
④Today, I am honoured to invite Mr Smith to _______________
_____________________“Learn to Appreciate English Poetry”.
今天，我很荣幸地邀请到史密斯先生为我们做一场题为“学会欣赏英
语诗歌”的专题讲座。(应用文写作之发言稿)
give us a special lecture entitled
⑤Christmas was approaching and we ________________a
twenty-five dollar Christmas fund for social services.
临近圣诞节，我们获得了领取来自社会援助的一份25美元的圣诞救
济金的资格。(读后续写之社会生活)
were entitled to
2.dive vi.& n.(to jump into water, especially with your head and
arms going in first)跳水;潜水;俯冲
(教材P16) Visitors to the beaches can enjoy many activities,
including diving,kayaking，and rock climbing.
到海滩去的游客可以享受许多活动,包括潜水、划皮划艇和攀岩。
(1)dive for 扑向；潜水寻找
dive into 跳入,冲进,躲进;钻研,埋头于
dive in 跳入水中;钻进
dive off 从高处往水中跳;跳下
(2)make a dive for sth 扑向某物
take a dive into 深入研究
(3)diving n. 潜水
【佳句背诵】
The first time I dive on a coral reef is an experience I will never
forget.
第一次在珊瑚礁潜水是我毕生难忘的经历。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go _______ (dive),
but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her
skills.
diving
②The goalkeeper made a sudden dive ____ the ball, but he
couldn't quite get his hands on it.
③The detective decided to dive _____ the case and not to stop
until he had solved it.
for
into
◆完成句子
④Seeing the horrible animal coming up for him,Colin
__________________, shaking and trembling with fear.
看到那只可怕的动物朝他走来，Colin吓得瑟瑟发抖，一头扎进了灌
木丛。
dived into a bush
⑤Freezing cold as the water was, he _________without a
second thought.
尽管冷水刺骨，他还是不假思索地潜了进去。
dived in
3.freedom n. (the state of being able to do what you want,
without anything stopping you)自由;不受……影响的状态
(教材P16) Unfortunately, elephants are endangered in
Thailand,but special parks have been set up to protect their
safety and freedom.
不幸的是,泰国的大象正濒临灭绝,但为了保护它们的安全和自由,人们
建立了专门的公园。
(1)freedom to do sth 做……的自由
freedom from 免于
freedom of… ……的自由
(2)free adj. 免费的;自由的,不受约束的 vt.使自由,释放;解放
be free from/of sth 不受……伤害(或影响等)
free…from… 把……从……中释放出来;使……摆脱……
【佳句背诵】
Students have the freedom to focus on whatever topic or
subject that they are interested in and study it in depth through
the Internet.
学生可以自由地专注于他们感兴趣的任何主题或学科,并通过互联网
深入研究它。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①As independent individuals, we have _________ (free) to
control our own body and make arrangements for daily
schedule.
freedom
②They planned to extend the car park, ________ (free) existing
parking spaces for visitors.
③The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can
be entirely free ______ dust.
freeing
from
◆完成句子
④I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a
child, but as an equal. She _________________________________
________and to learn from them all.
我非常尊敬我的母亲，因为她从不把我当孩子看待，而是平等对待。
她给了我犯错误的自由，并(让我)从中吸取教训。
gives me the freedom to make mistakes
⑤Among them, playing football is my favourite,which does me
lots of benefits,not only building up my body, but also
___________________________________________.
其中，踢足球是我最喜欢的，它给我带来很多好处，不仅锻炼身体，
还让我从沉重的学习压力中解脱出来。(话题写作之学校生活)
freeing me from the heavy pressure of study
【探索发现】
1.Located to the south of the equator, below many other
countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down
under”.
2.…I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and
experiencing their culture, food, and way of life.
3.Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found
on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument
called the didgeridoo.
4.A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to
breathe.
5.I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I
was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with
this instrument!
6.Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been
Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in
shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new
cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
【自我总结】
以上句子中, 句1中为过去分词短语作状语,通常放于______;句2
和句5中为过去分词作______;句4中为单个的过去分词作定语, 常常
放于被修饰名词的______;句3中为过去分词短语作定语, 常常放于被
修饰名词的______;句6中为过去分词短语作 ______。
句首
表语
前面
后面
宾补
复习过去分词
过去分词(Past Participle) 是非谓语动词中分词的一种,英文缩写
为PP。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成,也有一些不规
则变化。过去分词在句中常常可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语时往往与被修饰的词靠得很近,渐渐地成为一个
复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词(Participial Adjective),实际上其作用
相当于一个形容词,除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。
1.前置定语
单个的v.-ed形式一般放在被修饰名词的前面,作前置定语。如:
Lost time (=Time which is lost) can never be found again.
逝去的时光无法再找回。
2.后置定语
(1)修饰不定代词的过去分词往往放在其后面,少数单个v.-ed形式,如
left等,只能作后置定语。如:
You should keep in mind that everything used should be marked.
你应该牢记:每一个用过的东西都应该被标记。
(2)v.-ed短语作定语时,通常要放在被修饰名词或不定代词的后面,相
当于一个定语从句。如:
Is there anything planned (=that has been planned) for tonight
今晚有什么计划好的事情吗
［温馨提示］(1)不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表
示“被动”的意义。如:
falling leaves正在飘落的叶子(表示正在进行)
fallen leaves落叶(表示完成)
the exploded bomb已爆炸的炸弹
a retired miner一位已退休的矿工
(2)learn, light都有两种形式的过去分词,但作定语时,只能用拼写较长
的过去分词。如:
a learned lawyer一位博学的律师
a lighted lamp一盏点亮的灯
二、过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语时,总是在系动词(如be,appear,feel,remain,seem,
look等)之后,构成系表结构。如:
She didn't pass the final exam, so she looked very disappointed.
她没有通过期末考试,所以看起来很失望。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语
补足语。在这一结构中, v.-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被
动关系。如:
The battery is running out. You'd better have it charged.
电池的电量快要用完了。你最好给它充电。
1.过去分词可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词
包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。
如:
They considered the matter settled and then happily drove to
Paris for vacation.
他们认为这个问题解决了,然后愉快地自驾去巴黎度假了。
2.过去分词可作使役动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括make, get,
have, keep, leave等。如:
When you give a speech, you should try to make yourself
understood by the audiences.
当你发表演讲时,你应该努力让听众听懂你的话。
3.过去分词可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语,这类动
词包括like, want, wish, expect, order等。如:
He won't like such questions discussed at the meeting.
他不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。
4.过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间
是动宾关系。如:
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.
小偷被带进来了,双手被绑在背后。
四、过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随
的意义。过去分词作状语相当于一个表示时间、地点、原因、条件、
让步的状语从句。若过去分词作状语,句子的主语与分词所表示的动
作构成动宾关系,即主语是该分词动作的承受者。
1.作原因状语,多放在主句之前,相当于because, since, as引导的从句。
如:
Tired from the day's hard work, he fell asleep soon.
=Because he was tired from the day's hard work, he fell asleep
soon.
他努力工作了一天很累,所以很快就睡着了。
2.作时间状语,相当于when引导的时间状语从句,有时在分词前直接加
when, while, until等词可使其表达的时间意义更明确。如:
When heated, water can be changed into steam.
水加热后可以变成水蒸气。
3.作条件状语,相当于if, unless引导的从句。如:
Given another chance, he can do it better.
=If he is given another chance, he can do it better.
如果再给他一次机会,他会做得更好。
4.作让步状语,相当于though, although引导的从句。如:
Defeated again, we did not lose heart.
=Though we were defeated again, we did not lose heart.
虽然再次被击败,但我们没有灰心。
5.作方式或伴随状语。如:
Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
他陷入沉思,差点儿撞到前面的汽车上。
The teacher stood there, surrounded by many students.
老师站在那儿,周围围着许多学生。
五、连词+过去分词
过去分词作时间、条件或让步状语时,为了明确其意义,有时可在
过去分词前加上when, while, if, once, unless, although 等连词,相
当于状语从句的省略。如:
Although printed (=Although the book has been printed) many
times, the book still sells well in the market.
虽然这本书已被印刷过许多次了,但它仍在市场上卖得很好。
Once visited(=Once the city is visited), the city will never be
forgotten.
一旦你参观了这座城市,你就永远不会忘记它。
注意:before, after一般不与过去分词连用,因为这两个词可作介词,其
后要接being done形式。
【易混辨析】
现在分词与过去分词作状语
作状语时,是用现在分词形式还是用过去分词形式,取决于该动词与句
子主语之间的关系。如果是逻辑上的主谓关系,一般用现在分词;如果
是逻辑上的动宾关系,则一般用过去分词。如:
Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the park even more
beautiful.
从山顶上看,我们发现这个公园更加美丽。(see与主语we之间是主谓
关系)
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even more
beautiful.
从山顶上看,这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语the park之间是动宾
关系)
【实战演练】
Ⅰ用所给词的适当形式填空
1.A study of travellers ___________ (conduct) by the website
Tripadvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations
in the world.
conducted
2.He bent over and tried to catch his breath. He was exhausted,
but he felt ________ (please) with himself as well.
3.She was angry to see the beautiful coat she had bought the
day before _________ (cover) with a lot of dirt.
pleased
covered
4.As we all know, the Internet can keep us __________ (inform)
about what is happening at home and abroad.
5.They tried to silence the ________ (excite) audience but failed.
6.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret
message ________ (hide) within the work.
7.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph
______ (take).
8.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ______
(spend) with his students.
informed
excited
hidden
taken
spent
9._________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps
on inspiring children's love of art.
10.There are some health problems that, if not ________ (treat)
in time, can become bigger ones later on.
Founded
treated
Ⅱ语法与写作
1.[2024·新课标Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷应用文写作] ____________________________
_______, I decided to create a watercolour of the small bridge
over the park's pond, _______________________________.
被美妙的景色所启发，我决定画一幅水彩画，描绘公园池塘上那座
小桥，周围是盛开的花朵。
Inspired by the fantastic scenery
surrounded by blooming flowers
2.When I headed towards the centre,I
________________________by buildings that mirror the best
palaces of Europe.(find+宾语+宾补)
当向市中心进发时，我发现自己被高楼大厦所包围，这儿映现了欧
洲最好的宫殿。
found myself surrounded
3.Three hours passing by, I _________________________________.
三个小时过去了，我变得越来越不耐烦。
became more and more impatient
4.The little deer silently crossed the fields, half ________________
_________________________.(hide)
小鹿静静地穿过田野,在清晨的薄雾中若隐若现。
hidden in the mists of the early morning
5.________________________, jogging is the most overvalued
form of exercise, and ______________________________________
who left our neighbourhood jogging army, I'm not alone in my
opinion.(base)
根据我的经验，慢跑是最被人高估的运动形式，从退出我们社区慢
跑大军的人数判断，不只是我有这种观点。
Based on my experience
judging from the number of the people
Ⅲ语法填空
China-made autonomous sweepers are grabbing attention
all over the globe, as the country uses its technological
expertise (专长) 1.___________ (release) new quality productive
forces in the field of cleanliness.
to release
A Shanghai-based high-tech company has received 2.____
world's first road testing licence for autonomous sweepers. The
company's latest product, 3.__________ (launch) in March,
combines three cleanliness tasks—sweeping, road spraying, and
garbage transportation and is able to cut overall cleanliness
operation costs by 70 percent. Equipped 4._____ technologies
including millimetre-wave radars (雷达), cameras and high-
precision positioning, the sweepers can achieve precise edge
fitting, safe obstacle (障碍) avoidance, emergency avoidance,
flexible turning and direction switching during operation.
the
launched
with
In recent months, its advanced technology and features
have attracted the attention of several local residents as well as
5.________ (visitor). The vehicles operate powerfully, especially
during extreme weather. After completing the daily cleaning
tasks, they 6._____________ (automatic) drive to the garbage
collection area and complete the dumping (倾倒) task by
7.___________ (they).
visitors
automatically
themselves
Liang Haiming, director of Hainan University's Belt and Road
Research Institute, said that unmanned sweepers made in China
have advantages in automation technology, smart management
and the application of new energy, 8._______ helps to improve
safety and work 9.__________ (efficient).
“In addition to cleanliness, the field of autonomous driving
10._________ (include) limited and low-speed environments such
as distribution, shared travel, public transportation, ports and
terminals, and mining operations,” Liang said.
which
efficiency
includes
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国自动驾驶清扫车
凭借高科技性能引发全球关注，有效降低成本并提升清洁效率，彰
显了在自动化技术、智慧管理及新能源应用方面的优势。
1.___________
to release
[解析] 考查动词不定式。use sth to do sth为固定搭配，意为“使用
某物做某事”，此处应用动词不定式形式。故填to release。
2.____
the
[解析] 考查冠词。序数词first前需加定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
3.__________
launched
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语combines，空处为非谓语动
词，launch与其逻辑主语product之间是动宾关系，因此应用过去分
词作后置定语。故填launched。
4._____
with
[解析] 考查介词。be equipped with为固定搭配，意为“配备有”，
此处省略be动词，用过去分词短语作状语。故填with。
5.________
visitors
[解析] 考查名词复数。visitor意为“游客”，为可数名词，根据空前的
several可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填visitors。
6._____________
automatically
[解析] 考查副词。空处修饰动词drive，应用副词automatically作状
语，意为“自动地”。故填automatically。
7.___________
themselves
[解析] 考查反身代词。空处与they所指相同，因此应用反身代词
themselves。故填themselves。
8._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面
整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。
故填which。
9.__________
efficiency
[解析] 考查名词。空处与safety并列，作improve的宾语，应用名词
efficiency，意为“效率”。故填efficiency。
10._________
includes
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处陈述客观事实，应用一般现
在时，且主语the field of autonomous driving为单数，谓语动词应
用第三人称单数形式。故填includes。
练 习 册
Ⅰ单句填空
1.Guan Mei is ________(please) to see the village children come
to her house willingly when they have free time.
pleased
2._______ (face) with the increasing unemployment, many people
went on strike in most of the European countries.
Faced
3.When we saw the road ________(block) with snow, we
decided to spend the holiday at home.
blocked
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4.While waiting for the opportunity to get __________ (promote),
Henry did his best to perform his duty.
promoted
5.Don't use words, expressions, or phrases _______ (know) only
to people with specific knowledge.
known
6.I was the first Western TV reporter __________ (permit) to film
a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the
wild.
permitted
7.When _______ (ask), the man said he went home at 2:00 am
______ (tire) and only ________(find) his house broken into.
asked
tired
to find
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Ⅱ语法与写作
1._______________________________________________________,
Mary helped her mother with the housework.
做完所有的功课之后, 玛丽帮妈妈做家务。
All the homework finished/With all the homework finished
2.Prices of daily goods _______________________ can be lower
than store prices. 在网上购买的日用品的价格可能低于商店价格。
bought on the Internet
3.Do you ________________________________________ with
people over unimportant things
你是否发现自己因为不重要的事情而对别人感到不耐烦或生气
find yourself getting impatient or annoyed
1
2
3
4
4.As we all know, the Internet can ____________________ what
is happening at home and abroad. 众所周知, 互联网可以让我们
了解国内外正在发生的事情。
keep us informed of
1
2
3
4
Ⅲ语篇填空
[2024·湖北五市高二期末联考]
In south-western Sichuan Province, Casasa Village Resort lies
in 1.____ Xiaoliang Mountain and features traditional Yi ethnic
culture.
The resort 2.__________ (locate) in Fulai Village, Mabian Yi
Autonomous County, Leshan City. The ancient village is home
3.____ the Yi ethnic group and the ethnic majority Han people.
4.____ (it) name, Casasa, means “thank you” in the Yi language.
the
is located
to
Its
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Following the principle of reconstruction, the resort has used
traditional materials and techniques to keep the original
5.____________ (appear) of old buildings as much as possible.
Casasa also owns four tree houses 6.______ (build) on the
mountainside, each with a private terrace (阳台) facing the
distant mountains. Inside, the three floor-to-ceiling windows
provide grand views of the surrounding plants and trees.
Additionally, a red building in tea fields serves as a visitor
centre, 7._______ is a place to read books, drink tea and host
appearance
built
which
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
cultural lectures and book-sharing sessions. Casasa enjoys rich
natural and historical resources in surrounding areas. Beyond the
8.___________ (mystery) and ancient Yi ethnic customs, there are
many novel experiences for visitors 9.___________ (explore).
Over the past two years, Casasa 10._____________ (receive)
several honours and become a popular tourist destination in
Leshan and nearby areas. Moreover, Casasa has worked
alongside village cooperatives (合作社) to increase local people's
sales income from vegetables, meat and other raw materials.
mysterious
to explore
has received
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了坐落于四川的小凉山
里的卡莎莎乡村度假区。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.____
the
[解析] 考查冠词。Xiaoliang Mountain为专有名词，前面需要加定冠
词the。故填the。
2.__________
is located
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语动词。be located
in 意为“坐落于……”。本句话描述客观事实，所以用一般现在时，
主语为单数。故填is located。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.____
to
[解析] 考查介词。be home to…表示“是……的家园”，是固定搭配。
故填to。
4.____
Its
[解析] 考查形容词性物主代词。此处需要使用形容词性物主代词its，
修饰name。该单词位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Its。
5.____________
appearance
[解析] 考查名词。根据空前的the original以及空后的of可知，空处
需用名词。appear的名词形式为appearance。故填appearance。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.______
built
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语owns，空处需用非谓语动词，
与空后内容组成短语作后置定语，修饰名词tree houses，该动词和
修饰的名词tree houses之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以需用过去分
词形式。故填built。
7._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a
visitor centre，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代
词which引导该从句。故填which。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.___________
mysterious
[解析] 考查形容词。此处需要使用形容词mysterious“神秘的”，与
ancient并列，作定语修饰名词Yi ethnic customs。故填mysterious。
9.___________
to explore
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处需要使用不定式to explore作定语，修
饰experiences。故填to explore。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10._____________
has received
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状
语over the past two years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为单
数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has received。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅳ阅读理解［2024·江苏常州高二期末］
The dodo, a Mauritian bird last seen in the 17th century,
will be brought back to a semblance (外观) of life if attempts
by a gene-editing company are successful. Gene-editing
techniques now exist that allow scientists to extract the dodo
genome (基因组) that they believe they can then effectively
recreate within the body of a living relative.
1
2
3
4
The scientists in question said their work, beyond providing
an insight into the extinct dodo's existence, could help inform
the conservation of rare species that are not yet extinct.
However, there is a fierce debate among biologists over whether
this sort of research should be pursued.
Beth Shapiro, the lead paleo-geneticist (古遗传学家) at
Colossal, told The Guardian she tried to persuade a museum to
let her extract DNA from a preserved dodo exhibited there. She
said there were hundreds of dodos in collections around the
1
2
3
4
world, so it had been possible to sequence the dead bird's
genome. But she warned that the revived dodo could never
replace what has been made extinct. “It would be crazy to think
the solution to the world's biodiversity crisis was to bring back
a proxy,” she said.
Ben Lamm, the chief executive of the company, said they
were raising a further 150 million dollars to pursue the research
on the dodo. He pointed out that it could assist conservation
efforts for many other threatened species around the world, as
1
2
3
4
it would develop techniques that could allow scientists to detect
and preserve key features in those existing species that could
help them adapt in a changing climate.
Prof. Ewan Birney from European Molecular Biology
Laboratory, who was not involved with Colossal's work, said it
would be very, very challenging to recreate the dodo genome.
He added, “I've no idea whether the project will work as they
claim, but the question is not just ‘can you do this’, but ‘should
you do it’…I'm not sure what purpose it serves, and whether
this is really the best distribution of resources. We should be
saving the species that we have before they go extinct.”
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是科学家正努力复活
渡渡鸟，但是生物学家对是否应该进行这类研究存在激烈的争论。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.What can we learn about dodo from the text
A.It is a bird that is only unique to Mauritius.
B.The research on it has raised conflicting opinions.
C.It has been successfully brought back to life.
D.It could be recreated within the remains of a relative.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The scientists in question
said their work, beyond providing an insight into the extinct
dodo's existence, could help inform the conservation of rare
species that are not yet extinct. However, there is a fierce
debate among biologists over whether this sort of research
should be pursued.”可知，科学家们对已灭绝的渡渡鸟进行深入的
研究，但是，这项研究是否应该进行存在着激烈的争论，由此可知，
对渡渡鸟的研究引起了不一致的观点。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 2.What does the underlined word “proxy” mean in
Paragraph 3
A.Fake. B.Creature. C.Model. D.Replacement.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“But she warned that the
revived dodo could never replace what has been made extinct.”
可知，Beth Shapiro认为复活的渡渡鸟永远不会代替灭绝的渡渡鸟，
由此可以推测，她所说的话，也就是画线单词所在的句子所表达的
意思应与此相同，所以画线单词所在的句子表达的意思应为“解决世
界生物多样化危机的方法是带回一个‘替代品’是一个疯狂的想法”，
所以该单词的意思应与画线单词前的句子中的replace意义相关。故
选D项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 3.What's Prof. Ewan Birney's attitude towards Colossal's
work
A.Critical. B.Indifferent. C.Supportive. D.Conservative.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“He added, ‘I've no idea
whether the project will work as they claim, but the question is
not just “can you do this”, but “should you do it”…I'm not sure
what purpose it serves, and whether this is really the best
distribution of resources. We should be saving the species that
we have before they go extinct.’”可知，Prof. Ewan Birney认为研
究复活渡渡鸟的问题不是能不能做的问题，而是应不应该做的问题，
他不确定这种研究是不是最好的资源分配，并且提议应该在动物灭
绝前去拯救这些物种，由此可知，Prof. Ewan Birney对他们的这项
研究持批判的态度。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 4.Which is the best title of the passage
A.Pros and cons of reviving dodos
B.Gene-editing techniques in effect
C.Scientists trying hard to recreate dodos
D.A vain attempt to bring dodos back to life
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The scientists in question
said their work, beyond providing an insight into the extinct
dodo's existence, could help inform the conservation of rare
species that are not yet extinct. However, there is a fierce
debate among biologists over whether this sort of research
should be pursued.”以及下文中不同人员对这项研究的利与弊的分
析可知，本文讲述的应是科学家们要复活渡渡鸟的利和弊，所以A项
“复活渡渡鸟的利和弊”与本文内容吻合，且概括全文内容。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ阅读七选五
Canada is considered one of the most fascinating countries
in the world and attracts numerous tourists from all over the
world every year. 1.___ Here are some tips on how to make
your trip budget-friendly.
First, adopt economical ways to get around. Driving is one
of the cheapest and most efficient ways to get around Canada.
If you live close to Canada, you can drive your own car
through customs and border controls, or you can rent a car.
E
1
2
3
4
5
2.___ Though it tends to be slower, tickets are extremely cheap,
especially when booked in advance. What's more, you can travel
by train across Canada and along the coasts, which is one of
the most cost-friendly ways to see the country.
3.___ These are very popular and inexpensive ways to stay
the night. Look for shared rooms rather than entire homes,
because sharing the spaces tends to be cheaper. Alternatively,
you can stay at hostels. Most hostels have shared bathrooms
and kitchen areas, and might have shared bedrooms as well.
G
B
1
2
3
4
5
To have fun, go to music, art, and food festivals. Especially
during the summer, most large cities have a variety of outdoor
festivals with free entrance. 4.___ You can also visit museums,
art galleries, and universities. Art and history are extremely
important cultural aspects of life in Canada, so there are many
free or low-cost museums and galleries to visit. Additionally,
most universities offer free tours of their campuses. 5.___
Keep these tips in mind, and even if you're on a tight
budget, you can spend time in major cities in Canada, enjoy the
outdoors, and experience the unique culture of the country.
F
A
1
2
3
4
5
A.Some of them include small museums or historical landmarks.
B.As for accommodation, use home sharing services like Airbnb.
C.Domestic tourism industry has also boomed in Canada in
recent years.
D.Besides, visit local websites to find the best hotels topping
tourists' lists.
E.If you are longing for a trip to Canada but on a tight budget,
don't worry.
1
2
3
4
5
F.Take advantage of the opportunity to see local artists and
sample Canadian cuisine!
G.If you don't have a tight schedule, taking the Megabus from
city to city is a good choice.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个可以帮助你
在加拿大旅游省钱的妙招。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
E
[解析] 根据上文“Canada is considered one of the most
fascinating countries in the world and attracts numerous tourists
from all over the world every year.”可知,加拿大是一个旅游胜地。
下文“Here are some tips on how to make your trip budget-
friendly.”说有一些好的省钱的建议。选项E“If you are longing for a
trip to Canada but on a tight budget, don't worry.” (如果你渴望
去加拿大旅行,但预算紧张,不要担心。)承上启下,符合上下文内容。
故选E。
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
G
[解析] 上文“If you live close to Canada, you can drive your own
car through customs and border controls, or you can rent a car.”
建议读者自驾或租赁汽车。下文“Though it tends to be slower,
tickets are extremely cheap, especially when booked in advance.”
中又提到了票价便宜,说明空处应该提到了某种公共交通工具。选项
G“If you don't have a tight schedule, taking the Megabus from
city to city is a good choice.”(如果你的行程不是很紧,乘坐
Megabus从一个城市到另一个城市是个不错的选择。)建议读者乘坐
Megabus,与下文内容一致。故选G。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
B
[解析] 空处为段首句,引出本段主要内容。根据下文“These are very
popular and inexpensive ways to stay the night. Look for shared
rooms rather than entire homes, because sharing the spaces
tends to be cheaper. Alternatively, you can stay at hostels. Most
hostels have shared bathrooms and kitchen areas, and might
have shared bedrooms as well.”可知,本段主要讲述的是旅游期间的
住宿问题。选项B“As for accommodation, use home sharing
services like Airbnb.”(关于住宿,可以使用Airbnb这样的房屋共享服
务。)与下文内容一致。故选B。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
F
[解析] 根据本段首句“To have fun, go to music, art, and food
festivals.”可知,本段主要介绍了一些旅游时游客可参加的娱乐活动。
空前“Especially during the summer, most large cities have a
variety of outdoor festivals with free entrance.”介绍了一些户外活
动供读者参加。空后“You can also visit museums, art galleries,
and universities.”则介绍了博物馆等场所供读者参观。选项F“Take
advantage of the opportunity to see local artists and sample
Canadian cuisine!” (利用这个机会,看看当地艺术家,品尝加拿大美食!)
也提供了一些游客可以从事的活动，符合上下文内容。故选F。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
A
[解析] 根据上文“Art and history are extremely important cultural
aspects of life in Canada, so there are many free or low-cost
museums and galleries to visit. Additionally, most universities
offer free tours of their campuses.”可知,作者建议读者欣赏加拿大
的艺术和历史。选项A“Some of them include small museums or
historical landmarks.” (其中一些包括小型博物馆或历史地标。)与上
文提到的艺术、历史相一致。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅵ语法填空［2024·福建泉州高二期末联考］
Wild lands across Africa are home to many rare, threatened,
and endangered species. Having recognized their extraordinary
value and 1.____________ (preserve) their ecological wealth, the
UNESCO classified some of these sites 2.____ World Heritage
Sites. Unfortunately, the ecological integrity of many significant
landscapes is under the influence of human activity.
to preserve
as
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Let's take the example of Ethiopia's Simien Mountains
National Park. In 1996 when it entered the List of World
Heritage in Danger, 3.____ increasing number of human
settlements around the park over the years, 4._________ (couple)
with unsustainable farming practices and overgrazing (过度放牧),
had worsened the conditions of all important wildlife habitat.
Fortunately, in 2000, the authority of Ethiopia announced that it
5.____________ (take) measures to change the current situation.
an
coupled
would take
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In 2017, the park made history with its 6._________ (remove)
from the list, a significant and remarkable achievement of the
Government of Ethiopia. By then various efforts 7._____________
________ (devote) to achieving this. In 2003, the Government
reestablished the limits of the park, adding the Mesarerya and
Limalimo Wildlife Reserves. 8._________ (effect) community-driven
conservation strategies are instrumental in preventing further
ecological loss. The authorities have developed a grazing
strategy 9._______ aim is to greatly reduce the grazing pressure
removal
had been devoted
Effective
whose
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
on the park. Plus, alternative livelihoods through tourism assisted
communities 10._______(huge) in developing conservation-friendly
economies in the landscape.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是埃塞俄比亚的塞米恩
国家公园曾面临威胁，但在政府和民众的共同努力下，该公园得到
了很好的保护，最终被移出《濒危世界遗产名录》。
hugely
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.____________
to preserve
[解析] 考查不定式。根据句意可知，空处表示目的，应用不定式表
目的，故填to preserve。
2.____
as
[解析] 考查介词。由句意可知，此处指联合国教科文组织将其中一
些遗址列为世界遗产，“将……列为”是classify…as…，故填as。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“越来越多的人类定居
点”，an increasing number of意为“越来越多的”，因此空格处应用
不定冠词an，故填an。
4._________
coupled
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语had worsened，空处应为非
谓语动词，an increasing number of human settlements与couple
之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应为过去分词表示被动，故填
coupled。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5.____________
would take
[解析] 考查动词时态。主句是一般过去时，从句动作未发生，空处
应为过去将来时，故填would take。
6._________
removal
[解析] 考查名词。its后跟名词，remove的名词形式是removal，意
为“移走，去掉”，是不可数名词，故填removal。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7.__________________
had been devoted
[解析] 考查动词时态和语态。由句意可知，devote和efforts之间是
被动关系，应用被动语态，由by then可知，句子表示在过去某个时
间之前已经完成的动作，时态用过去完成时，因此空格处是had
been devoted。故填had been devoted。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8._________
[解析] 考查形容词。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰community-
driven conservation strategies，句子表示“有效的社区驱动的保护策
略有助于防止进一步的生态损失”，空格处意为“有效的”，形容词是
effective，位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Effective。
Effective
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9._______
whose
[解析] 考查定语从句。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，strategy和
aim之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属关系的关系代词whose引
导定语从句，故填whose。
10._______
hugely
[解析] 考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词assisted，故填hugely。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
