单元小测(Unit 2)
Ⅰ.1.political 2.freedom 3.distribution 4.frequency
5.violence 6.to hold 7.sponsored 8.diving
9.Convinced 10.entitled 11.by/with 12.to 13.in 14.at 15.of
Ⅱ.1.It is said that
2.among which is Big Ben
3.Located on the eastern coast of China
4.Wherever we are
5.since I left there five years ago
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对非洲灰鹦鹉的社交能力的研究。实验显示,这种鹦鹉能够互相帮助,通过赠送硬币来协助同伴获取坚果,且不仅限于亲友,还包括陌生鹦鹉。这进一步证实了动物王国中的利他行为,表明这种行为并非人类独有。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But they wondered if these birds, separated from great apes by some 300 million years of evolution, also possess advanced social abilities, like helping one another.”可知,这项研究主要是探究非洲灰鹦鹉的社交能力。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Brucks and his colleague placed many paired combinations of eight African greys into glass enclosures, with a hole cut in a dividing wall that allowed the two birds to interact. The scientists then trained the parrots to trade coins to a person through another hole in exchange for nuts.”可知,研究人员通过创造一个让鹦鹉分享硬币的环境来测试鹦鹉互相帮助的能力。故选C项。
3.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“‘We can be pretty confident that the African grey parrots are considering the benefits available to their partners,’ Cronin says. She points out the research adds to growing evidence of selflessness across the animal kingdom—and reminds us it is not unique to humans.”可知,非洲灰鹦鹉会为伴侣考虑,能够提供无私的帮助。由此推知,在迁移类群体中利他的名誉很重要,可以帮助它们生存,由此它们进化出利他的行为,因此画线词应该是“利他的,无私的”之意,与selfless意思一致。故选A项。
4.C 推理判断题。通读全文,尤其由第二段中“‘Parrots had not been tested yet,’ says Brucks. ‘So it remained an open question whether or not the ability to help each other actively may have evolved (进化) within birds.’”可知,文章介绍了Brucks开展的针对非洲灰鹦鹉的社交能力的研究,主要包括研究目的、实验方法、实验结果、结果分析及研究意义,由此推测,文章最可能出自科学杂志。故选C项。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了位于中国西北部的甘肃省张掖国家地质公园里的丹霞地貌。
1.lies 考查时态和主谓一致。该句为非限制性定语从句,先行词Zhangye National Geopark指物,且为单数形式,从句中缺少谓语,由此可知,设空处在从句中作谓语动词,且陈述一般事实,应使用一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
2.covering 考查非谓语动词。设空处与空后内容组成短语在句中作后置定语,修饰名词短语 a splendid Danxia landform area, a splendid Danxia landform area与动词cover为逻辑上的主谓关系,设空处应填cover的现在分词形式。故填covering。
3.a 考查冠词。masterpiece为可数名词,此句中表达“大自然的一项杰作”,表泛指,用不定冠词修饰可数名词单数,且masterpiece是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a。故填a。
4.what 考查名词性从句。“…is known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain.”为名词性从句作forming的宾语,设空处在宾语从句中作主语,指物,表示“……的事物”,应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
5.were created 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语动词,由下文可知此句阐述发生在过去的事实,应用一般过去时,主语the beautiful landscapes与create之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,the beautiful landscapes作主语,谓语动词用复数。故填were created。
6.various/varied 考查形容词。空处应使用形容词修饰名词shapes,vary的两种形容词形式various或varied均可。故填various/varied。
7.Declared 考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词,动词declare与其逻辑主语the landform之间为动宾关系,设空处应填过去分词表被动,设空处置于句首,首字母大写。故填Declared。
8.attraction 考查名词。设空处在句中作表语,由空前的冠词a可知设空处应填可数名词单数形式作表语,attraction“向往的地方;有吸引力的事”为可数名词,tourist attraction意为“旅游胜地,旅游景点”,符合句意。故填attraction。
9.specially 考查副词。设空处在句中作状语修饰动词designed,副词specially“专门地;特意”符合句意。故填specially。
10.for 考查介词。此处表示对于某人来说,因此用介词for。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者从来不认为自己是个徒步旅行的人。但一次去大高加索山脉徒步旅行让作者经历了一些完全陌生的事情,由此作者喜欢上徒步旅行,且有勇气挑战自己进行其他徒步旅行。
1.A 根据上文every traveller可知,此处指在徒步旅行的过程中,作者遇到的旅行者。故选A。 meet遇见;interview采访; guide引导;assist帮助。
2.C 根据下文“That’s why I decided to have a…—hiking from Kazbegi Town to Gergeti Trinity Church.”可知,作者之所以从Kazbegi镇徒步前往Gergeti三一教堂就是因为大高加索山脉是不能错过的地方。故选C。climb攀登;witness见证;miss错过,想念;admire钦佩。
3.D 根据下文“…I knew it was going to be a…climb—especially after six weeks of travelling around.”可知,虽然作者知道这将是一次艰难的攀登,但也愿意尝试。故选D。 guess猜; look看;rest休息;try尝试。
4.D 根据下文“…especially after six weeks of travelling around.”可知,作者经过六周的旅行一定很辛苦,再进行攀登一定很艰难。故选D。 rapid快速的;disturbing令人不安的; formal正式的;tough艰难的。
5.C 根据下文“…on a cold, foggy afternoon and decided to begin the hiking to the…the next morning.”可知,作者到达了Kazbegi镇。故选C。escape from从……中逃脱;move to移至; arrive in到达;walk around四处走动。
6.B 根据上文“That’s why I decided to have a…—hiking from Kazbegi Town to Gergeti Trinity Church.”可知,作者这次短途徒步旅行的目的地是Gergeti 三一教堂。故选B。 town城镇; church教堂;hotel酒店;valley山谷。
7.A 根据下文“I got chatting with a couple who had done the hike and had a crucial…for me…”可知,在吃早餐的时候,作者遇到了一对夫妇。故选A。encounter相遇;quarrel争吵;decision决定;inspiration灵感。
8.B 根据下文“Had I tried to take the main path, I never would have…the walk…”可知,这对夫妇的话救了作者。故选B。 encourage鼓励;save保存,救;satisfy满意;transform使改变。
9.D 根据下文“…don’t follow the…route, but instead, take the path on the left side of the mountain.”可知,他们给了作者一个重要的建议。故选D。 training培训;request请求;task任务;tip提示,建议。
10.A 根据下文“…but instead, take the path on the left side of the mountain.”以及“As it turned out, the main route…”可知,这对夫妇建议走左边的山路,而不是主路。故选A。 main主要的;quick快的;easy容易的;crowded拥挤的。
11.B 根据下文“Had I tried to take the main path…”可知,此处指“走……的路”,应使用动词take。故选B。draw画;take取(道);recognize承认;approach走近。
12.B 根据下文“…however, following this easier route…”可知,作者走的这条小路是平缓的。故选B。narrow狭窄的;gentle平缓的;long长的;famous著名的。
13.D 根据下文“…however, following this easier route, I…something totally foreign: a hike I actually enjoyed!”可知,作者完成了这次徒步旅行。故选D。anticipate预期;discover发现;begin开始;finish完成。
14.C 根据下文something totally foreign可知,作者经历了完全陌生的事情。故选C。 ignore忽略;explain解释;experience经历;investigate调查。
15.C 根据下文myself to other hikes可知,作者有勇气挑战自己进行其他徒步旅行。故选C。 limit限制;apply应用;challenge挑战;reduce减少。●Ⅰ 单句填空
A.词形转换及动词变化
1.He devoted himself to the rural development for many years and laid a solid foundation for his (politics) career.
2.Parents hope there are some opportunities for kids when they have the (free) to do what they want to do.
3.It is obvious that the equal (distribute) of the educational resources is what the public need badly nowadays.
4.Research has shown that taking at least one day off a week can reduce the (frequent) of overuse injuries.
5.Some TV programmes have a negative effect on children because they contain too much (violent).
6.The airport to be completed next year will have the capacity (hold) 500,000 passengers.
7.The activity (sponsor) by the company was welcomed with great enthusiasm.
8.Let’s go and have a look at those children (dive) for oysters over there!
9. (convince) the Belt and Road Initiative will benefit China’s economy, we are optimistic about the future of the country.
10.When I was about twelve years old I was given a book (entitle) Explaining the Atom, by Selig Hecht.
B.固定搭配及用法
11.He was impressed the rural architectural work designed by the new generation of young Chinese architects.
12.The top one-third of all high school graduates are entitled an education at the California State University.
13.The astronaut remained contact with ground control throughout the flight.
14.Newborn pandas, which weigh just three to five pounds birth, are unable to see or move for about two months.
15.Only a handful islands in the Southern Ocean are suitable for sustaining large breeding colonies.
●Ⅱ 句型训练
1. many rare animals and plants are in danger of dying out.
据说很多稀有动植物处于灭绝的危险之中。
2.In the UK, there are many attractions that interest me a lot, . (定语从句) 英国有很多让我十分感兴趣的景点,大本钟就在其中。
3. , Qingdao is an attractive city. 青岛位于中国东部沿海地区,是一座迷人的城市。
4. , we need to be aware of Chinese identity and spread Chinese culture to the world.
无论我们身在何处,我们都需要意识到(我们的)中国人身份,并向世界传播中国文化。
5.The city has changed almost out of recognition .
自从五年前我从那离开以后,那座城市已变得差不多认不出来了。
●Ⅲ 阅读理解
[2024·广东广州高二期末考试]
Scientists already knew African grey parrots are particularly clever, with large brains and exceptional problem-solving skills. But they wondered if these birds, separated from great apes by some 300 million years of evolution, also possess advanced social abilities, like helping one another. Corvids, another group of so-called “intelligent” birds that includes crows, have so far failed to demonstrate this ability, according to Desiree Brucks, a Swiss biologist.
“Parrots had not been tested yet,” says Brucks. “So it remained an open question whether or not the ability to help each other actively may have evolved (进化) within birds.” Brucks and his colleague placed many paired combinations of eight African greys into glass enclosures, with a hole cut in a dividing wall that allowed the two birds to interact. The scientists then trained the parrots to trade coins to a person through another hole in exchange for nuts.
When one parrot had all the coins, it would assist its coinless partner by gifting some of them through the dividing wall. The parrots tended to give more coins to friends and family, but would also help parrots they had never met. Importantly, the parrots didn’t help when their partner was blocked from accessing the experimenter, suggesting they could recognize when their assistance was needed, or even useful.
This behaviour, detailed in their study, published this week in the journal Current Biology, is possibly a consequence of evolving in giant, moving groups where an altruistic reputation is important. Katherine Cronin, a zoologist in Chicago, approves the study for ruling out simple playfulness as an explanation for passing the coins. “We can be pretty confident that the African grey parrots are considering the benefits available to their partners,” Cronin says. She points out the research adds to growing evidence of selflessness across the animal kingdom—and reminds us it is not unique to humans.
( )1.What is the study mainly about
A.The living habits of African grey parrots.
B.The social abilities of African grey parrots.
C.The problem-solving skills of African grey parrots.
D.The comparison between African grey parrots and crows.
( )2. How did the researchers test the parrots’ ability to help each other
A.By setting up the parrots’ enclosures.
B.By observing parrots work in groups.
C.By creating a situation for parrots to share coins.
D.By assessing the parrots’ intelligence separately.
( )3. What does the underlined word “altruistic” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Selfless. B.Impressive.
C.Fearless. D.Professional.
( )4. Where is this article most likely taken from
A.A nature guidebook.
B.A pet care magazine.
C.A scientific journal.
D.A bird-watching newsletter.
●Ⅳ 语法填空 [2024· 河北衡水高二期末]
Zhangye National Geopark, which 1. (lie) in North-west China’s Gansu Province, is blessed with a splendid Danxia landform area 2. (cover) about 1,289 square kilometres. The Danxia landforms are 3. masterpiece of nature. The colourful mountain ridges are just like an overturned palette from heaven. Bands of fiery red, creamy orange, rich green and bright yellow streak across the mountain, forming 4. is known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain.
The beautiful landscapes 5. (create) by sandstone and minerals piling on top of one another over the years due to tectonic plate movements. Wind, rain, and time then carved the rock formations and rolling hills into 6. (vary) extraordinary shapes, including towers, pillars and valleys.
7. (declare) a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010 and a national park in 2011, the landform has become a top tourist 8. (attract). The park features a series of boardwalks that allow visitors to walk around the colourful sandstone landscapes. There are viewing platforms 9. (special) designed, enabling tourists to get close to the hills and feast their eyes on the magnificent sights without damaging the fragile ecosystem. The shuttle bus service is available, making it easy 10. tourists to get around the park.
●Ⅴ 完形填空
I never considered myself a person for hiking. But on my first trip to the Republic of Georgia, every traveller I 1 spoke about a hike in the Greater Caucasus Mountains that I absolutely couldn’t 2 .
That’s why I decided to have a 3 —hiking from Kazbegi Town to Gergeti Trinity Church. Though the trip is a short one, based on the church’s location atop a mountain, I knew it was going to be a 4 climb—especially after six weeks of travelling around.
I 5 Kazbegi Town on a cold, foggy afternoon and decided to begin the hiking to the 6 the next morning. Luckily, a(n) 7 over the breakfast table at my guesthouse 8 me. I got chatting with a couple who had done the hike and had a crucial 9 for me: don’t follow the 10 route, but instead, take the path on the left side of the mountain.
As it turned out, the main route—the route everyone else 11 —was impossibly steep(陡峭的), but the lesser-walked path was a 12 path along a mountain stream. Had I tried to take the main path, I never would have 13 the walk; however, following this easier route, I 14 something totally foreign: a hike I actually enjoyed! I felt so proud.
If it weren’t for that first hiking in the Republic of Georgia, I don’t think I would have had the courage to 15 myself to other hikes.
( )1. A.met B.interviewed
C.guided D.assisted
( )2. A.climb B.witness
C.miss D.admire
( )3. A.guess B.look
C.rest D.try
( )4. A.rapid B.disturbing
C.formal D.tough
( )5. A.escaped from B.moved to
C.arrived in D.walked around
( )6. A.town B.church
C.hotel D.valley
( )7. A.encounter B.quarrel
C.decision D.inspiration
( )8. A.encouraged B.saved
C.satisfied D.transformed
( )9. A.training B.request
C.task D.tip
( )10. A.main B.quick
C.easy D.crowded
( )11. A.drew B.took
C.recognized D.approached
( )12. A.narrow B.gentle
C.long D.famous
( )13. A.anticipated B.discovered
C.begun D.finished
( )14. A.ignored B.explained
C.experienced D.investigated
( )15. A.limit B.apply
C.challenge D.reduce(共39张PPT)
单元小测Unit 2
Ⅰ单句填空
A.词形转换及动词变化
1.He devoted himself to the rural development for many years
and laid a solid foundation for his ________ (politics) career.
political
2.Parents hope there are some opportunities for kids when they
have the _________(free) to do what they want to do.
freedom
3.It is obvious that the equal ___________(distribute) of the
educational resources is what the public need badly nowadays.
distribution
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
4.Research has shown that taking at least one day off a week
can reduce the __________ (frequent) of overuse injuries.
frequency
5.Some TV programmes have a negative effect on children
because they contain too much _________ (violent).
violence
6.The airport to be completed next year will have the capacity
_________(hold) 500,000 passengers.
to hold
7.The activity ___________ (sponsor) by the company was
welcomed with great enthusiasm.
sponsored
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
8.Let's go and have a look at those children _______ (dive) for
oysters over there!
diving
9.___________ (convince) the Belt and Road Initiative will benefit
China's economy, we are optimistic about the future of the
country.
Convinced
10.When I was about twelve years old I was given a book
________(entitle) Explaining the Atom, by Selig Hecht.
entitled
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
B.固定搭配及用法
11.He was impressed ________the rural architectural work
designed by the new generation of young Chinese architects.
by/with
12.The top one-third of all high school graduates are entitled
____ an education at the California State University.
to
13.The astronaut remained ___ contact with ground control
throughout the flight.
in
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
14.Newborn pandas, which weigh just three to five pounds
___birth, are unable to see or move for about two months.
at
15.Only a handful ____islands in the Southern Ocean are
suitable for sustaining large breeding colonies.
of
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Ⅱ句型训练
1.______________ many rare animals and plants are in danger
of dying out.
据说很多稀有动植物处于灭绝的危险之中。
It is said that
2.In the UK, there are many attractions that interest me a lot,
________________________. (定语从句) 英国有很多让我十分感兴
趣的景点,大本钟就在其中。
among which is Big Ben
3._____________________________________, Qingdao is an
attractive city. 青岛位于中国东部沿海地区,是一座迷人的城市。
Located on the eastern coast of China
1
2
3
4
5
4._________________, we need to be aware of Chinese identity
and spread Chinese culture to the world.
无论我们身在何处,我们都需要意识到(我们的)中国人身份,并向世界
传播中国文化。
Wherever we are
5.The city has changed almost out of recognition _____________
___________________.
自从五年前我从那离开以后,那座城市已变得差不多认不出来了。
since I left there five years ago
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅲ阅读理解
[2024·广东广州高二期末考试]
Scientists already knew African grey parrots are particularly
clever, with large brains and exceptional problem-solving skills.
But they wondered if these birds, separated from great apes by
some 300 million years of evolution, also possess advanced
social abilities, like helping one another. Corvids, another group
of so-called “intelligent” birds that includes crows, have so far
failed to demonstrate this ability, according to Desiree Brucks, a
Swiss biologist.
1
2
3
4
“Parrots had not been tested yet,” says Brucks. “So it
remained an open question whether or not the ability to help
each other actively may have evolved (进化) within birds.” Brucks
and his colleague placed many paired combinations of eight
African greys into glass enclosures, with a hole cut in a dividing
wall that allowed the two birds to interact. The scientists then
trained the parrots to trade coins to a person through another
hole in exchange for nuts.
1
2
3
4
When one parrot had all the coins, it would assist its
coinless partner by gifting some of them through the dividing
wall. The parrots tended to give more coins to friends and
family, but would also help parrots they had never met.
Importantly, the parrots didn't help when their partner was
blocked from accessing the experimenter, suggesting they could
recognize when their assistance was needed, or even useful.
This behaviour, detailed in their study, published this week
in the journal Current Biology, is possibly a consequence of
1
2
3
4
evolving in giant, moving groups where an altruistic reputation
is important. Katherine Cronin, a zoologist in Chicago, approves
the study for ruling out simple playfulness as an explanation for
passing the coins. “We can be pretty confident that the African
grey parrots are considering the benefits available to their
partners,” Cronin says. She points out the research adds to
growing evidence of selflessness across the animal kingdom—
and reminds us it is not unique to humans.
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对非洲灰鹦鹉
的社交能力的研究。实验显示，这种鹦鹉能够互相帮助，通过赠送
硬币来协助同伴获取坚果，且不仅限于亲友，还包括陌生鹦鹉。这
进一步证实了动物王国中的利他行为，表明这种行为并非人类独有。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.What is the study mainly about
A.The living habits of African grey parrots.
B.The social abilities of African grey parrots.
C.The problem-solving skills of African grey parrots.
D.The comparison between African grey parrots and crows.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But they wondered if these
birds, separated from great apes by some 300 million years of
evolution, also possess advanced social abilities, like helping one
another.”可知，这项研究主要是探究非洲灰鹦鹉的社交能力。故选B项。
√
1
2
3
4
( ) 2.How did the researchers test the parrots' ability to
help each other
A.By setting up the parrots' enclosures.
B.By observing parrots work in groups.
C.By creating a situation for parrots to share coins.
D.By assessing the parrots' intelligence separately.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Brucks and his colleague
placed many paired combinations of eight African greys into
glass enclosures, with a hole cut in a dividing wall that allowed
the two birds to interact. The scientists then trained the parrots
to trade coins to a person through another hole in exchange
for nuts.”可知，研究人员通过创造一个让鹦鹉分享硬币的环境来测
试鹦鹉互相帮助的能力。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 3.What does the underlined word “altruistic” in
Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Selfless. B.Impressive. C.Fearless. D.Professional.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“‘We can be pretty
confident that the African grey parrots are considering the
benefits available to their partners,’ Cronin says. She points out
the research adds to growing evidence of selflessness across the
animal kingdom—and reminds us it is not unique to humans.”可
知，非洲灰鹦鹉会为伴侣考虑，能够提供无私的帮助。由此推知，
在迁移类群体中利他的名誉很重要，可以帮助它们生存，由此它们
进化出利他的行为，因此画线词应该是“利他的，无私的”之意，与
selfless意思一致。故选A项。
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( ) 4.Where is this article most likely taken from
A.A nature guidebook. B.A pet care magazine.
C.A scientific journal. D.A bird-watching newsletter.
[解析] 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其由第二段中“‘Parrots had not
been tested yet,’ says Brucks. ‘So it remained an open question
whether or not the ability to help each other actively may have
evolved (进化) within birds.’”可知，文章介绍了Brucks开展的针对非
洲灰鹦鹉的社交能力的研究，主要包括研究目的、实验方法、实验
结果、结果分析及研究意义，由此推测，文章最可能出自科学杂志。
故选C项。
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Ⅳ语法填空［2024· 河北衡水高二期末］
Zhangye National Geopark, which 1.____ (lie) in North-west
China's Gansu Province, is blessed with a splendid Danxia
landform area 2._________ (cover) about 1,289 square kilometres.
The Danxia landforms are 3.___ masterpiece of nature. The
colourful mountain ridges are just like an overturned palette
from heaven. Bands of fiery red, creamy orange, rich green and
bright yellow streak across the mountain, forming 4.______ is
known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain.
lies
covering
a
what
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The beautiful landscapes 5._____________ (create) by
sandstone and minerals piling on top of one another over the
years due to tectonic plate movements. Wind, rain, and time
then carved the rock formations and rolling hills into
6.______________ (vary) extraordinary shapes, including towers,
pillars and valleys.
were created
various/varied
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7._________ (declare) a UNESCO World Heritage Site in
2010 and a national park in 2011, the landform has become a
top tourist 8.__________(attract). The park features a series of
boardwalks that allow visitors to walk around the colourful
sandstone landscapes. There are viewing platforms
9._________(special) designed, enabling tourists to get close to
the hills and feast their eyes on the magnificent sights without
damaging the fragile ecosystem. The shuttle bus service is
available, making it easy 10.____ tourists to get around the park.
Declared
attraction
specially
for
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了位于中国西北部的甘
肃省张掖国家地质公园里的丹霞地貌。
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1.____
lies
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词
Zhangye National Geopark指物，且为单数形式，从句中缺少谓语，
由此可知，设空处在从句中作谓语动词，且陈述一般事实，应使用
一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
2._________
covering
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。设空处与空后内容组成短语在句中作后置
定语，修饰名词短语 a splendid Danxia landform area, a splendid
Danxia landform area与动词cover为逻辑上的主谓关系，设空处应
填cover的现在分词形式。故填covering。
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3.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。masterpiece为可数名词，此句中表达“大自然的一
项杰作”，表泛指，用不定冠词修饰可数名词单数，且masterpiece是
发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
4.______
what
[解析] 考查名词性从句。“…is known as the most beautiful
rainbow mountain.”为名词性从句作forming的宾语，设空处在宾语
从句中作主语，指物，表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what引导。
故填what。
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5._____________
were created
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语动词，
由下文可知此句阐述发生在过去的事实，应用一般过去时，主语the
beautiful landscapes与create之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被
动语态，the beautiful landscapes作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填
were created。
6.______________
various/varied
[解析] 考查形容词。空处应使用形容词修饰名词shapes，vary的两
种形容词形式various或varied均可。故填various/varied。
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7._________
Declared
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词，动词declare与其逻
辑主语the landform之间为动宾关系，设空处应填过去分词表被动，
设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填Declared。
8.__________
attraction
[解析] 考查名词。设空处在句中作表语，由空前的冠词a可知设空处
应填可数名词单数形式作表语，attraction“向往的地方;有吸引力的事”
为可数名词，tourist attraction意为“旅游胜地，旅游景点”，符合句
意。故填attraction。
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9._________
specially
[解析] 考查副词。设空处在句中作状语修饰动词designed，副词
specially“专门地；特意”符合句意。故填specially。
10.____
for
[解析] 考查介词。此处表示对于某人来说，因此用介词for。
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Ⅴ完形填空
I never considered myself a person for hiking. But on my
first trip to the Republic of Georgia, every traveller I . .1. . spoke
about a hike in the Greater Caucasus Mountains that I
absolutely couldn't . .2. ..
That's why I decided to have a . .3. .—hiking from Kazbegi
Town to Gergeti Trinity Church. Though the trip is a short one,
based on the church's location atop a mountain, I knew it was
going to be a . .4. . climb—especially after six weeks of travelling
around.
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I . .5. . Kazbegi Town on a cold, foggy afternoon and
decided to begin the hiking to the . .6. . the next morning.
Luckily, a(n) . .7. . over the breakfast table at my guesthouse . .8. .
me. I got chatting with a couple who had done the hike and
had a crucial . .9. . for me: don't follow the . .10. . route, but
instead, take the path on the left side of the mountain.
As it turned out, the main route—the route everyone
else . .11. .—was impossibly steep(陡峭的), but the lesser-walked
path was a . .12. . path along a mountain stream. Had I tried to
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take the main path, I never would have . .13. . the walk; however,
following this easier route, I . .14. . something totally foreign: a
hike I actually enjoyed! I felt so proud.
If it weren't for that first hiking in the Republic of Georgia,
I don't think I would have had the courage to . .15. . myself to
other hikes.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从来不认为自己是个徒步旅
行的人。但一次去大高加索山脉徒步旅行让作者经历了一些完全陌
生的事情，由此作者喜欢上徒步旅行，且有勇气挑战自己进行其他
徒步旅行。
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( ) 1.A.met B.interviewed C.guided D.assisted
[解析] 根据上文every traveller可知，此处指在徒步旅行的过程中，
作者遇到的旅行者。故选A。 meet遇见；interview采访； guide引
导；assist帮助。
( ) 2.A.climb B.witness C.miss D.admire
[解析] 根据下文“That's why I decided to have a…—hiking from
Kazbegi Town to Gergeti Trinity Church.”可知，作者之所以从
Kazbegi镇徒步前往Gergeti三一教堂就是因为大高加索山脉是不能错
过的地方。故选C。climb攀登；witness见证；miss错过，想念；
admire钦佩。
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( ) 3.A.guess B.look C.rest D.try
[解析] 根据下文“…I knew it was going to be a…climb—especially
after six weeks of travelling around.”可知，虽然作者知道这将是一
次艰难的攀登，但也愿意尝试。故选D。 guess猜； look看；rest休
息；try尝试。
( ) 4.A.rapid B.disturbing C.formal D.tough
[解析] 根据下文“…especially after six weeks of travelling around.”
可知，作者经过六周的旅行一定很辛苦，再进行攀登一定很艰难。
故选D。 rapid快速的；disturbing令人不安的； formal正式的；
tough艰难的。
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( ) 5.A.escaped from B.moved to
C.arrived in D.walked around
[解析] 根据下文“…on a cold, foggy afternoon and decided to
begin the hiking to the…the next morning.”可知，作者到达了
Kazbegi镇。故选C。escape from从……中逃脱；move to移至；
arrive in到达；walk around四处走动。
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( ) 6.A.town B.church C.hotel D.valley
[解析] 根据上文“That's why I decided to have a…—hiking from
Kazbegi Town to Gergeti Trinity Church.”可知，作者这次短途徒步
旅行的目的地是Gergeti 三一教堂。故选B。 town城镇； church教
堂；hotel酒店；valley山谷。
( ) 7.A.encounter B.quarrel C.decision D.inspiration
[解析] 根据下文“I got chatting with a couple who had done the
hike and had a crucial…for me…”可知，在吃早餐的时候，作者遇
到了一对夫妇。故选A。encounter相遇；quarrel争吵；decision决定；
inspiration灵感。
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( ) 8.A.encouraged B.saved C.satisfied D.transformed
[解析] 根据下文“Had I tried to take the main path, I never
would have…the walk…”可知，这对夫妇的话救了作者。故选B。
encourage鼓励；save保存，救；satisfy满意；transform使改变。
( ) 9.A.training B.request C.task D.tip
[解析] 根据下文“…don't follow the…route, but instead, take the
path on the left side of the mountain.”可知，他们给了作者一个
重要的建议。故选D。 training培训；request请求；task任务；tip提
示，建议。
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( ) 10.A.main B.quick C.easy D.crowded
[解析] 根据下文“…but instead, take the path on the left side of
the mountain.”以及“As it turned out, the main route…”可知，这
对夫妇建议走左边的山路，而不是主路。故选A。 main主要的；
quick快的；easy容易的；crowded拥挤的。
( ) 11.A.drew B.took C.recognized D.approached
[解析] 根据下文“Had I tried to take the main path…”可知，此处
指“走……的路”，应使用动词take。故选B。draw画；take取(道)；
recognize承认；approach走近。
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( ) 12.A.narrow B.gentle C.long D.famous
[解析] 根据下文“…however, following this easier route…”可知，作
者走的这条小路是平缓的。故选B。narrow狭窄的；gentle平缓的；
long长的；famous著名的。
( ) 13.A.anticipated B.discovered
C.begun D.finished
[解析] 根据下文“…however, following this easier route,
I…something totally foreign: a hike I actually enjoyed!”可知，作者
完成了这次徒步旅行。故选D。anticipate预期；discover发现；
begin开始；finish完成。
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( ) 14.A.ignored B.explained
C.experienced D.investigated
[解析] 根据下文something totally foreign可知，作者经历了完全陌
生的事情。故选C。 ignore忽略；explain解释；experience经历；
investigate调查。
( ) 15.A.limit B.apply C.challenge D.reduce
[解析] 根据下文myself to other hikes可知，作者有勇气挑战自己进
行其他徒步旅行。故选C。 limit限制；apply应用；challenge挑战；
reduce减少。
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