Period Two Reading and Thinking—Language points
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.①back ②bouncing ③was bouncing up and down
④bouncing around in my heart
2.①get/run into debt ②pay off their debts ③in debt; out of debt ④that my family was in debt; get out of debt
3.①participating ②participation ③participants ④By participating in the cultural festival ⑤was anxious to participate in
4.①detective ②detection ③detecting ④The detective; trying to detect any clues ⑤didn’t detect any pity
句型透视
1.①because ②why ③why; that ④why; is that; That is because; That is why
2.①were ②had seen ③could go ④hadn’t said such sharp words to my father ⑤I would leave for/go back to my university tomorrowPeriod Two Reading and Thinking—Language points
Ⅰ.1.avoiding 2.to categorise 3.detective
4.accountant 5.preference 6.passionate 7.greedy
8.lawyers 9.participant 10.spied
Ⅱ.1.look back on 2.was based on 3.bounce around
4.In conclusion 5.a head start 6.be divided up
Ⅲ.1.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water
2.The best time to visit Sanya
3.Some (people) lose heart; others
4.donating blood is good for the donor
5.It is necessary to take all factors into consideration
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了影响员工动机的三个驱动因素:获取驱动、理解驱动和防御驱动。为了提高员工的工作表现和组织的整体发展,组织需要关注员工的这三方面动机,并采取相应的措施来满足这些需求。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists have been researching the way to get employees motivated for many years. The related research builds the fundamental and comprehensive model for study. This is especially true when the business goal is to turn unmotivated teams into productive ones. But their research has limitations. It is like studying the movements of a car without taking out the engine.”可知,他们的研究是有局限性的,就像在不取出发动机的情况下研究汽车的运动,没有实用性,由此可知,“这项研究过于理论化,缺乏实践”正确。故选A项。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中“For years, it has been known that setting stretch goals can greatly impact performance. Organizations need to ensure that the various job roles provide employees with simulation that challenges them or allows them to grow.”可知,设立延伸目标会极大影响工作表现,组织需要确保各种职位为员工提供具有挑战性或让他们成长的模拟。这与选项B“The company sets profound goals for its employees.”(公司为员工设定了深远的目标。)相悖。故选B项。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The drive to comprehend motivates many employees to achieve higher performance. For years, it has been known that setting stretch goals can greatly impact performance.”以及“If the job doesn’t provide them with personal meaning and fulfillment, they will leave the company.”可知,理解的动力激励着许多员工追求更高的绩效,这给员工带来个人意义和成就感,即“理解的动力”可以帮助员工更好地表现,它可以帮助员工实现自己对公司的价值。故选C项。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第五段中“The drive to defend is often the hardest lever to pull. This drive displays itself as a quest to create and promote justice, fairness, and the ability to express ourselves freely.”可知,在防守驱动中,自由表达自己的能力是非常重要的。C选项与防守驱动相符,即员工去表达自己的观点很重要。故选C项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文为一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者在大学一年级结束的夏天,找到一份工作,并在努力工作下获得了月度最佳员工称号的故事。
1.C 根据下文“I had never held a job…”及下文“At first, it was very hard.”可知,作者以前从未工作过,因此,这应该是最困难的任务之一。故选C。funniest最滑稽的;worst最差的; hardest最难的;lightest最轻的。
2.A 根据“I had never held a job when I was in high school because my parents wanted me to put all my…into my studies.”可知,作者的父母从未让作者工作过,因为他们想要作者将所有的精力都放在学习上。故选A。energy能量,精力;motivation动力;wisdom智慧;ambition抱负,野心。
3.D 根据“…but got no calls back in the first two weeks.”可知,作者填写了工作申请,但是没有得到回复。故选D。 questionnaire问卷; survey调查;certification证书;application申请,应用。
4.B 根据上文“I had never held a job…”及下文no job experience可知,由于作者没有工作过,所以完全没有工作经验。故选B。 exactly恰好,确切地;absolutely完全地;partly部分地;doubtfully怀疑地。
5.D 根据being a high school graduate and a year of college可知,作者能提供的只有高中和大学一年的生活经历。故选D。explain解释;claim声称,索要;interpret说明; offer提供。
6.B 根据上文“I filled out dozens of…but got no calls back in the first two weeks.”及“…I finally got a call back from one of the places…”可知,作者申请过的一个地方打来了电话。故选B。 sign up报名;apply to(通常以书面形式)申请,请求; check in登记; head for前往。
7.A 根据“We had set up a meeting time…”及“…I was more than ready to start working the following Monday.”可知,作者接到了电话,约了面试时间,在面试后,就可以上班了。故选A。interview面试,采访;graduation毕业;arrangement安排; performance表现,表演。
8.C 根据前文“…I was more than ready to start working the following Monday.”可知,作者准备好上班了,所以对于有机会工作赚钱是兴奋的。故选C。surprised惊讶的;disappointed失望的;excited兴奋的;worried担忧的。
9.A 根据“I made mistakes with orders…”可知,作者刚开始工作时并不熟练。故选A。 skilled熟练的;frightened害怕的; patient耐心的; satisfied满足的。
10.D 根据“I made mistakes with orders and…”及“…I got better at orders, and always…the cheaper options to customers.”可推知,由于作者没有工作经验,所以经常犯错,也会忘记向顾客推销。故选D。avoid避免;abandon放弃; postpone推迟; forget忘记。
11.B 根据“…and that I would be back looking for more…”可知,父母打赌作者的工作干不了两周。故选B。spend花费; last坚持下去,支撑下去;continue继续;wait等待。
12.C 根据语境可知,作者的父母打赌作者的工作干不了两周,之后作者还会继续找工作。故选C。 idea观点;school学校; job工作;instructions操作指南。
13.D 根据the cheaper options to customers可知,此处指为客户推荐选择。故选D。 sell卖; produce制造; keep保持;recommend推荐。
14.B 根据the award of the best employee of the month可知,在作者的努力下,他获得了月度最佳员工奖。故选B。 confirm确认;receive收到,获得;guarantee保证; become变成。
15.A 根据上文“…that I had…the award of the best employee of the month.”可知,作者获得了月度最佳员工奖,这给了作者自信。故选A。 confidence自信; importance重要性; expectation期待; hope希望。Period Two Reading and Thinking—Language points
1.bounce vi.& vt. (to move up or away after hitting a surface) (使)弹起;上下晃动 n.弹跳;弹性;活力
(教材P50) Some people know what they want to do from a young age, but many others just have a few ideas bouncing around in their heads.
有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么,但更多的人只是有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。
bounce around 蹦来蹦去;弹来弹去
bounce back 反弹;重新振作,恢复活力
bounce up and down 上下弹跳
【佳句背诵】
When a pair of shining new shoes came into her sight, she bounced up and let out a yell of joy.
当她看到一双闪亮的新鞋时,她跳了起来,高兴地大叫了一声。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①After the disappointing news, he needed some time to bounce and regain his motivation.
②With several ideas (bounce) around in his head, the chemist couldn’t decide which one to choose.
◆完成句子
③My dog Charlie was up and it at the end of his chain, looking well rested.
我的狗查理站了起来,它在链子的另一端上下跳动着,看上去休息得很好。
④My heart was pounding like a rabbit .
我的心怦怦直跳,仿佛有小兔子在心中蹦来蹦去。(读后续写之心理描写)
2.debt n. (something, especially money, that is owed to someone else, or the state of owing something)债务;欠款;负债情况
(教材P50) Help and advise people in serious debt
帮助负债累累的人并给予建议
(1)get/run into debt 负债
pay off one’s debt 还清某人的欠款/债务
(2)in (heavy) debt 欠(一大笔)债
in sb’s debt 欠某人的人情债;受某人的恩惠
out of debt 不欠债
【活学活用】
◆用debt相关短语的适当形式填空
①As the saying goes, it’s easier to than get out of it.
②The couple worked hard day and night in order to .
③He was when he was poor, but has been since he got rich.
◆完成句子
④[2021·浙江6月考读后续写] The fact occurred to me, so I dropped my favourite toy and ran towards my home, hoping that my hard-earned money could help my father .
我突然想起我家负债的事实,因此我放下我最爱的玩具往家跑去,希望我辛苦挣的钱可以帮助爸爸不再负债。
3.participant n. (a person who is taking part in an activity or event)参与者;参加者
(教材P50)The participant is then given a chart showing their score for each type of work personality.
然后给参与者一张图表,显示他们在每一种职业性格上的得分。
(1)participate v. 参与,参加
participate in 参加,加入
(2)participation n. 参与
【佳句背诵】
Encouraged by the teacher, the participants actively participated in the English speech contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.
在老师的鼓励下,参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。他们的参与激励了班上其他人努力学习。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Of all the teams (participate) in the competition, I think the Oxford team will win the game.
②The problems of global warming cannot be solved without the (participate) of all countries.
③[2023·北京卷] Each week, (participate) will be asked to complete a topic-specific reflection task.
◆完成句子
④[2022·浙江1月考应用文写作] , we have developed a deep friendship.
通过参加文化节,我们建立了深厚的友谊。
⑤[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] David the cross-country run, but he was afraid of being laughed at by others. So anxious was he that tears of anxiety rolled down his cheeks.
大卫渴望参加越野跑,但是他害怕被别人嘲笑。他是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸庞流了下来。
4.detective n.(a person, especially a police officer, whose job is to examine crimes and catch criminals)侦探;警探
(1)a detective story/novel 侦探故事/小说
(2)detect v. 发现,查明,侦察出
(3)detection n. 侦查,探测,察觉,发现
(4)detector n. 探测器;检测器
【佳句背诵】
The police have detected the trace of the murderer recently after further investigation.
警方在进一步调查后,最近发现了凶手的踪迹。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①We knew him to be a great fan of mystery and (detect) novels, so we bought him The Complete Sherlock Holmes.
②It is reported that a new technology has been adopted to ensure easier (detect) of gas leaks.
③[2022·全国乙卷] By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, (detect) faults in the rail or switches.
◆完成句子
④ carefully examined the evidence, that could lead to the suspect.
侦探仔细检查证据,试图找出任何可能指向嫌疑人的线索。
⑤What surprised Maya most was that she or embarrassment from her.
最让玛雅吃惊的是,她没有从她身上察觉到任何同情和尴尬。
1.(教材P50)This is because your career is a very important part of who you are.这是因为你的职业是你身份的一个非常重要的部分。
This is because…这是因为……
句型公式
【句式点拨】
This/That is because…意为“这/那是因为……”,because引导表语从句。
【相关拓展】
(1)This/That is why…意为“这/那就是为什么……”,why引导表语从句;
(2)The reason why…is that…意为“……的原因就是……”,why引导定语从句,that引导表语从句。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①He did not see the film last night. That is he had to help his little sister with her homework.
②He and I have worked together for a couple of years; that’s I know him pretty well.
③The reason we have to study the computer is it becomes more and more useful in our daily life.
◆一句多译
④玛丽正在接受校长的惩罚。那是因为她昨天违反了校规。
→The reason Mary is being punished by the headmaster she broke the school rule yesterday.
→Mary is being punished by the headmaster. she broke the school rule yesterday.
→Mary broke the school rule yesterday. she is being punished by the headmaster.
2.(教材P50)I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do. 我真希望当时能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。
wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
句型公式
【句式点拨】
此句中wish后为宾语从句,表示对过去发生的事情的遗憾或后悔。wish后跟宾语从句时,从句用如下虚拟语气形式:
(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句用“主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were)”;
(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句用“主语+had done”;
(3)表示将来不太可能实现的愿望,从句用“主语+would/could/might+动词原形”。
[温馨提示] 当wish用作名词,后跟同位语从句、表语从句时,从句也要用相应形式的虚拟语气。如:
It was Grandpa’s greatest wish that one of his grandchildren would become a doctor.
爷爷最大的愿望就是孙辈中有一人能成为医生。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①When we’re together, all he talks about is business. I wish he (be) more romantic.
②How I wish I (see) her off at the station, but I was too busy.
③I wish that we (go) with my brother when he flies to London next week.
◆完成句子
④I stood there, shedding tears of regret in silence and I wished that I .
我站在那里,默默地流着悔恨的泪水,我希望我没对爸爸说如此刻薄的话。(读后续写之心理描写)
⑤He stood up, hugged his parents tightly and forced a smile, saying, “I do wish that
.”
他站起来,紧紧地拥抱他父母,挤出一丝笑容,说道:“我的确希望我明天就回到大学去。”Period Two Reading and Thinking—Language points
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The secret to (avoid) this kind of problem is careful pre-planning of your meeting.
2.There is no easy way (categorise) these business houses.
3.An experienced (detect) was assigned to deal with the case.
4.He was going to college at night, in order to become an (account).
5.One reason for her (prefer) for the city life is that she can have easy access to places like shopping malls and fancy restaurants.
6.He brought to the job not just considerable experience but (passion) enthusiasm.
7.He stared at the diamonds with (greed) eyes.
8.The two (law) both gave detailed information and had an argument about the issue.
9.As a young teacher, he is an active (participate) in this activity.
10.When I was waiting for my friend, I suddenly (spy) a man not far away glaring at me.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.I like to (回顾) my high school days, which were among the happiest in my life.
2.My conception of a garden (以……为基础) gardens I had visited in England.
3.All at once, the three children’s faces lit up, and they began to (蹦来蹦去) in the back seat, laughing and chattering.
4. (总之), I think life in the future will be much better than it is now.
5.Being able to speak four foreign languages gave him (优势) over the other candidates in the interview.
6.The family’s lawyer explained how my aunt’s money was to (分配).
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.From space, the earth looks blue. . (表语从句)
从太空中看, 地球是蓝色的。这是因为它的表面大约71%被水所覆盖。
2. is between November and March the next year. (不定式作定语)
来三亚旅游的最佳时间是在十一月和来年的三月之间。
3. when they come across failures while rise to the challenge. (some…others…)
一些人在他们遇到失败时灰心丧气,而另一些人则迎接挑战。
4.Medical science has proved that both physically and spiritually. (动名词作主语)
医疗科学已证实献血有益于献血者的身心健康。
5. before deciding on your future career. (it作形式主语)
在选定你未来的职业之前,把所有因素都考虑在内是有必要的。
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·浙江温州十校联合体高二期末联考]
Scientists have been researching the way to get employees motivated for many years. The related research builds the fundamental and comprehensive model for study. This is especially true when the business goal is to turn unmotivated teams into productive ones. But their research has limitations. It is like studying the movements of a car without taking out the engine.
Motivation is what drives people to succeed and plays a vital role in enhancing an organizational development. It is important to study the motivation of employees because it is related to the emotion and behaviour of employees. Recent studies show there are three drives for motivation.
The drive to acquire must be met to optimize achievement. Thus it requires that outstanding performance should be recognized and rewards provided to polish the career path. But sometimes a written letter of appreciation generates more motivation than a thousand-dollar check, which can serve as the invisible power to boost business engagement. Successful organizations and leaders need to focus not only on the optimization of physical reward but also on moving other levers within the organization that can drive motivation.
The drive to comprehend motivates many employees to achieve higher performance. For years, it has been known that setting stretch goals can greatly impact performance. Organizations need to ensure that the various job roles provide employees with simulation that challenges them or allows them to grow. Employees don’t want to do meaningless things or monotonous jobs. If the job doesn’t provide them with personal meaning and fulfillment, they will leave the company.
The drive to defend is often the hardest lever to pull. This drive displays itself as a quest to create and promote justice, fairness, and the ability to express ourselves freely. The organizational lever for this basic human motivator is resource distribution. This drive is also met through an employee feeling connected to a company. If their companies are merged with another, they will show worries.
The key to successfully motivating employees is to meet all drives. Each of these drives is important if we are to understand employee motivation.
( )1. What is true about the study of motivation
A.The study is too theoretical and lacks practice.
B.Its main goal is to increase the profit of organizations.
C.The theory of motivating employees has been set up in recent years.
D.It is important for managers as it is related to the salary of employees.
( )2. What is against “drives for motivation”
A.The company distributes its employees reasonably.
B.The company sets profound goals for its employees.
C.Employees gain a sense of personal belonging in the company.
D.The company provides employees with spiritual encouragement.
( )3. How does “the drive to comprehend” help employees perform better
A.It can help employees set higher goals.
B.It can provide employees with repetitive tasks.
C.It helps employees realize their own value to the company.
D.It helps employees understand the development of their organizations.
( )4. What does the author intend to show in Paragraph 5
A.It is not difficult to meet the drive to defend.
B.It is significant to merge with another company.
C.It is very important for employees to voice their own opinions.
D.It is the most difficult to distribute organizational resources.
●Ⅴ 完形填空 [2024·河北任丘高二四调]
The summer after my freshman year of college, I had to get my first job. This was probably one of the 1 tasks I have ever had to do. I had never held a job when I was in high school because my parents wanted me to put all my 2 into my studies.
At first, it was very hard. I filled out dozens of 3 but got no calls back in the first two weeks. It made sense because I had 4 no job experience. All I could 5 was being a high school graduate and a year of college.
However, halfway through the third week, I finally got a call back from one of the places I 6 . We had set up a meeting time, and after my 7 , I was more than ready to start working the following Monday. I was 8 at the chance of working for my wages.
When I started, it was very clear that I was not 9 . I made mistakes with orders and often 10 sales promotions (推销). My parents made a bet that I would not 11 the first two weeks, and that I would be back looking for more 12 . However, I stuck with it.
After working a while, I got better at orders, and always 13 the cheaper options to customers. A couple of weeks later, I had been told by the manager that I had 14 the award of the best employee of the month. It taught me a lot about responsibility and gave me the 15 of working.
( )1. A.funniest B.worst
C.hardest D.lightest
( )2. A.energy B.motivation
C.wisdom D.ambition
( )3. A.questionnaires B.surveys
C.certifications D.applications
( )4. A.exactly B.absolutely
C.partly D.doubtfully
( )5. A.explain B.claim
C.interpret D.offer
( )6. A.signed up B.applied to
C.checked in D.headed for
( )7. A.interview B.graduation
C.arrangement D.performance
( )8. A.surprised B.disappointed
C.excited D.worried
( )9. A.skilled B.frightened
C.patient D.satisfied
( )10. A.avoided B.abandoned
C.postponed D.forgot
( )11.A.spend B.last
C.continue D.wait
( )12. A.ideas B.schools
C.jobs D.instructions
( )13. A.sold B.produced
C.kept D.recommended
( )14. A.confirmed B.received
C.guaranteed D.become
( )15. A.confidence B.importance
C.expectation D.hope(共61张PPT)
Period Two
Reading and Thinking—Language
points
语言知识梳理
练习册
1.bounce vi.& vt. (to move up or away after hitting a surface)
(使)弹起;上下晃动 n.弹跳;弹性;活力
(教材P50) Some people know what they want to do from a
young age, but many others just have a few ideas bouncing
around in their heads.
有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么,但更多的人只是有一些想法在脑
子里晃来晃去。
bounce around 蹦来蹦去;弹来弹去
bounce back 反弹;重新振作,恢复活力
bounce up and down 上下弹跳
【佳句背诵】
When a pair of shining new shoes came into her sight, she
bounced up and let out a yell of joy.
当她看到一双闪亮的新鞋时，她跳了起来，高兴地大叫了一声。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①After the disappointing news, he needed some time to
bounce ______ and regain his motivation.
②With several ideas __________ (bounce) around in his head,
the chemist couldn't decide which one to choose.
back
bouncing
◆完成句子
③My dog Charlie was up and it ___________________________
at the end of his chain， looking well rested.
我的狗查理站了起来，它在链子的另一端上下跳动着，看上去休息
得很好。
was bouncing up and down
④My heart was pounding like a rabbit ______________________
_______.
我的心怦怦直跳，仿佛有小兔子在心中蹦来蹦去。(读后续写之心理
描写)
bouncing around in my heart
2.debt n. (something, especially money, that is owed to
someone else, or the state of owing something)债务;欠款;负债情况
(教材P50) Help and advise people in serious debt
帮助负债累累的人并给予建议
(1)get/run into debt 负债
pay off one's debt 还清某人的欠款/债务
(2)in (heavy) debt 欠(一大笔)债
in sb's debt 欠某人的人情债;受某人的恩惠
out of debt 不欠债
【活学活用】
◆用debt相关短语的适当形式填空
①As the saying goes, it's easier to _________________than get
out of it.
②The couple worked hard day and night in order to
___________________.
③He was ________when he was poor, but has been
____________since he got rich.
get/run into debt
pay off their debts
in debt
out of debt
◆完成句子
④[2021·浙江6月考读后续写] The fact _________________________
____occurred to me, so I dropped my favourite toy and ran
towards my home, hoping that my hard-earned money could
help my father ________________.
我突然想起我家负债的事实，因此我放下我最爱的玩具往家跑去，
希望我辛苦挣的钱可以帮助爸爸不再负债。
that my family was in debt
get out of debt
3.participant n. (a person who is taking part in an activity or
event)参与者;参加者
(教材P50)The participant is then given a chart showing their
score for each type of work personality.
然后给参与者一张图表,显示他们在每一种职业性格上的得分。
(1)participate v. 参与,参加
participate in 参加,加入
(2)participation n. 参与
【佳句背诵】
Encouraged by the teacher, the participants actively
participated in the English speech contest. Their participation
inspired the rest of the class to study hard.
在老师的鼓励下,参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。他们的参与激励了
班上其他人努力学习。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Of all the teams ____________(participate) in the competition,
I think the Oxford team will win the game.
②The problems of global warming cannot be solved without
the ____________(participate) of all countries.
③[2023·北京卷] Each week, ____________(participate) will be
asked to complete a topic-specific reflection task.
participating
participation
participants
◆完成句子
④[2022·浙江1月考应用文写作] _______________________________
______, we have developed a deep friendship.
通过参加文化节,我们建立了深厚的友谊。
By participating in the cultural festival
⑤[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] David ____________________
____________the cross-country run, but he was afraid of being
laughed at by others. So anxious was he that tears of anxiety
rolled down his cheeks.
大卫渴望参加越野跑，但是他害怕被别人嘲笑。他是如此不安以至
于焦急的泪水顺着脸庞流了下来。
was anxious to participate in
4.detective n.(a person, especially a police officer, whose job is
to examine crimes and catch criminals)侦探;警探
(1)a detective story/novel 侦探故事/小说
(2)detect v. 发现,查明,侦察出
(3)detection n. 侦查,探测,察觉,发现
(4)detector n. 探测器;检测器
【佳句背诵】
The police have detected the trace of the murderer recently
after further investigation.
警方在进一步调查后，最近发现了凶手的踪迹。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①We knew him to be a great fan of mystery and __________
(detect) novels, so we bought him The Complete Sherlock
Holmes.
detective
②It is reported that a new technology has been adopted to
ensure easier __________ (detect) of gas leaks.
detection
③[2022·全国乙卷] By using the latest technologies, drones could
also start providing higher-value services for railways,
__________ (detect) faults in the rail or switches.
detecting
◆完成句子
④______________carefully examined the evidence, _____________
_______________that could lead to the suspect.
侦探仔细检查证据，试图找出任何可能指向嫌疑人的线索。
The detective
trying to detect any clues
⑤What surprised Maya most was that she ___________________
____or embarrassment from her.
最让玛雅吃惊的是，她没有从她身上察觉到任何同情和尴尬。
didn't detect any pity
1.(教材P50)This is because your career is a very important
part of who you are.这是因为你的职业是你身份的一个非常重要
的部分。
句型公式
This is because…这是因为……
【句式点拨】
This/That is because…意为“这/那是因为……”,because引导表语从句。
【相关拓展】
(1)This/That is why…意为“这/那就是为什么……”,why引导表语从句;
(2)The reason why…is that…意为“……的原因就是……”,why引导定
语从句,that引导表语从句。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①He did not see the film last night. That is _________ he had
to help his little sister with her homework.
②He and I have worked together for a couple of years; that's
_____ I know him pretty well.
③The reason _____ we have to study the computer is _____ it
becomes more and more useful in our daily life.
because
why
why
that
◆一句多译
④玛丽正在接受校长的惩罚。那是因为她昨天违反了校规。
→The reason _____ Mary is being punished by the headmaster
_______ she broke the school rule yesterday.
→Mary is being punished by the
headmaster.________________she broke the school rule yesterday.
→Mary broke the school rule yesterday.____________she is
being punished by the headmaster.
why
is that
That is because
That is why
2.(教材P50)I wish I had thought more about what I really
wanted to do. 我真希望当时能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。
句型公式
wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
【句式点拨】
此句中wish后为宾语从句,表示对过去发生的事情的遗憾或后悔。
wish后跟宾语从句时,从句用如下虚拟语气形式:
(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句用“主语+动词的过去式
(be动词用were)”;
(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句用“主语+had done”;
(3)表示将来不太可能实现的愿望,从句用“主语+would/could/might+
动词原形”。
［温馨提示］当wish用作名词,后跟同位语从句、表语从句时,从句也
要用相应形式的虚拟语气。如:
It was Grandpa's greatest wish that one of his grandchildren
would become a doctor.
爷爷最大的愿望就是孙辈中有一人能成为医生。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①When we're together, all he talks about is business. I wish he
______ (be) more romantic.
②How I wish I __________ (see) her off at the station, but I
was too busy.
③I wish that we __________ (go) with my brother when he flies
to London next week.
were
had seen
could go
◆完成句子
④I stood there, shedding tears of regret in silence and I wished
that I _________________________________________.
我站在那里，默默地流着悔恨的泪水，我希望我没对爸爸说如此刻
薄的话。(读后续写之心理描写)
hadn't said such sharp words to my father
⑤He stood up, hugged his parents tightly and forced a smile,
saying, “I do wish that _____________________________________
__________________.”
他站起来，紧紧地拥抱他父母，挤出一丝笑容，说道：“我的确希望
我明天就回到大学去。”
I would leave for/go back to my university tomorrow
练 习 册
Ⅰ单句填空
1.The secret to _________ (avoid) this kind of problem is careful
pre-planning of your meeting.
avoiding
2.There is no easy way _____________ (categorise) these
business houses.
to categorise
3.An experienced __________ (detect) was assigned to deal with
the case.
detective
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.He was going to college at night, in order to become an
___________ (account).
accountant
5.One reason for her ___________ (prefer) for the city life is
that she can have easy access to places like shopping malls and
fancy restaurants.
preference
6.He brought to the job not just considerable experience but
___________ (passion) enthusiasm.
passionate
7.He stared at the diamonds with ________ (greed) eyes.
greedy
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.The two ________ (law) both gave detailed information and
had an argument about the issue.
lawyers
9.As a young teacher, he is an active ___________(participate) in
this activity.
participant
10.When I was waiting for my friend, I suddenly ______ (spy) a
man not far away glaring at me.
spied
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ短语填空
1.I like to ______________ (回顾) my high school days, which
were among the happiest in my life.
look back on
2.My conception of a garden ______________ (以……为基础)
gardens I had visited in England.
was based on
3.All at once, the three children's faces lit up, and they began
to _______________ (蹦来蹦去) in the back seat, laughing and
chattering.
bounce around
1
2
3
4
5
6
4._____________ (总之), I think life in the future will be much
better than it is now.
In conclusion
5.Being able to speak four foreign languages gave him
_____________(优势) over the other candidates in the interview.
a head start
6.The family's lawyer explained how my aunt's money was to
______________ (分配).
be divided up
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅲ句型训练
1.From space, the earth looks blue.___________________________
__________________________________________________.
(表语从句)
从太空中看, 地球是蓝色的。这是因为它的表面大约71%被水所覆盖。
This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water
2.___________________________ is between November and
March the next year. (不定式作定语)
来三亚旅游的最佳时间是在十一月和来年的三月之间。
The best time to visit Sanya
1
2
3
4
5
3._________________________ when they come across failures
while _______ rise to the challenge. (some…others…)
一些人在他们遇到失败时灰心丧气,而另一些人则迎接挑战。
Some (people) lose heart
others
4.Medical science has proved that ___________________________
__________both physically and spiritually. (动名词作主语)
医疗科学已证实献血有益于献血者的身心健康。
donating blood is good for the donor
5.________________________________________________ before
deciding on your future career. (it作形式主语)
在选定你未来的职业之前,把所有因素都考虑在内是有必要的。
It is necessary to take all factors into consideration
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅳ阅读理解
[2024·浙江温州十校联合体高二期末联考]
Scientists have been researching the way to get employees
motivated for many years. The related research builds the
fundamental and comprehensive model for study. This is
especially true when the business goal is to turn unmotivated
teams into productive ones. But their research has limitations. It
is like studying the movements of a car without taking out the
engine.
1
2
3
4
Motivation is what drives people to succeed and plays a
vital role in enhancing an organizational development. It is
important to study the motivation of employees because it is
related to the emotion and behaviour of employees. Recent
studies show there are three drives for motivation.
The drive to acquire must be met to optimize achievement.
Thus it requires that outstanding performance should be
recognized and rewards provided to polish the career path. But
sometimes a written letter of appreciation generates more
1
2
3
4
motivation than a thousand-dollar check, which can serve as the
invisible power to boost business engagement. Successful
organizations and leaders need to focus not only on the
optimization of physical reward but also on moving other levers
within the organization that can drive motivation.
The drive to comprehend motivates many employees to
achieve higher performance. For years, it has been known that
setting stretch goals can greatly impact performance.
Organizations need to ensure that the various job roles provide
1
2
3
4
employees with simulation that challenges them or allows them
to grow. Employees don't want to do meaningless things or
monotonous jobs. If the job doesn't provide them with personal
meaning and fulfillment, they will leave the company.
The drive to defend is often the hardest lever to pull. This
drive displays itself as a quest to create and promote justice,
fairness, and the ability to express ourselves freely. The
organizational lever for this basic human motivator is resource
distribution. This drive is also met through an employee feeling
1
2
3
4
connected to a company. If their companies are merged with
another, they will show worries.
The key to successfully motivating employees is to meet all
drives. Each of these drives is important if we are to understand
employee motivation.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了影响员工动机的
三个驱动因素：获取驱动、理解驱动和防御驱动。为了提高员工的
工作表现和组织的整体发展，组织需要关注员工的这三方面动机，
并采取相应的措施来满足这些需求。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.What is true about the study of motivation
A.The study is too theoretical and lacks practice.
B.Its main goal is to increase the profit of organizations.
C.The theory of motivating employees has been set up in recent
years.
D.It is important for managers as it is related to the salary of
employees.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists have been
researching the way to get employees motivated for many years.
The related research builds the fundamental and comprehensive
model for study. This is especially true when the business goal
is to turn unmotivated teams into productive ones. But their
research has limitations. It is like studying the movements of a
car without taking out the engine.”可知，他们的研究是有局限性
的，就像在不取出发动机的情况下研究汽车的运动，没有实用性，
由此可知，“这项研究过于理论化，缺乏实践”正确。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 2.What is against “drives for motivation”
A.The company distributes its employees reasonably.
B.The company sets profound goals for its employees.
C.Employees gain a sense of personal belonging in the company.
D.The company provides employees with spiritual encouragement.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中“For years, it has been known
that setting stretch goals can greatly impact performance.
Organizations need to ensure that the various job roles provide
employees with simulation that challenges them or allows them
to grow.”可知，设立延伸目标会极大影响工作表现，组织需要确保
各种职位为员工提供具有挑战性或让他们成长的模拟。这与选项
B“The company sets profound goals for its employees.”
(公司为员工设定了深远的目标。)相悖。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 3.How does “the drive to comprehend” help employees
perform better
A.It can help employees set higher goals.
B.It can provide employees with repetitive tasks.
C.It helps employees realize their own value to the company.
D.It helps employees understand the development of their
organizations.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The drive to comprehend
motivates many employees to achieve higher performance. For
years, it has been known that setting stretch goals can greatly
impact performance.”以及“If the job doesn't provide them with
personal meaning and fulfillment, they will leave the company.”
可知，理解的动力激励着许多员工追求更高的绩效，这给员工带来
个人意义和成就感，即“理解的动力”可以帮助员工更好地表现，它可
以帮助员工实现自己对公司的价值。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 4.What does the author intend to show in Paragraph 5
A.It is not difficult to meet the drive to defend.
B.It is significant to merge with another company.
C.It is very important for employees to voice their own opinions.
D.It is the most difficult to distribute organizational resources.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第五段中“The drive to defend is often
the hardest lever to pull. This drive displays itself as a quest to
create and promote justice, fairness, and the ability to express
ourselves freely.”可知，在防守驱动中，自由表达自己的能力是非常
重要的。C选项与防守驱动相符，即员工去表达自己的观点很重要。
故选C项。
√
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ完形填空［2024·河北任丘高二四调］
The summer after my freshman year of college, I had to
get my first job. This was probably one of the . .1. . tasks I have
ever had to do. I had never held a job when I was in high
school because my parents wanted me to put all my . .2. . into
my studies.
At first, it was very hard. I filled out dozens of . .3. . but got
no calls back in the first two weeks. It made sense because I
had . .4. . no job experience. All I could . .5. . was being a high
school graduate and a year of college.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
However, halfway through the third week, I finally got a call
back from one of the places I . .6. .. We had set up a meeting
time, and after my . .7. ., I was more than ready to start working
the following Monday. I was . .8. . at the chance of working for
my wages.
When I started, it was very clear that I was not . .9. .. I
made mistakes with orders and often . .10. . sales promotions
(推销). My parents made a bet that I would not . .11. . the first
two weeks, and that I would be back looking for more . .12. ..
However, I stuck with it.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
After working a while, I got better at orders, and
always . .13. . the cheaper options to customers. A couple of
weeks later, I had been told by the manager that I had . .14. .
the award of the best employee of the month. It taught me a
lot about responsibility and gave me the . .15. . of working.
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在大学一年级结
束的夏天，找到一份工作，并在努力工作下获得了月度最佳员工称
号的故事。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 1.A.funniest B.worst C.hardest D.lightest
[解析] 根据下文“I had never held a job…”及下文“At first, it was
very hard.”可知，作者以前从未工作过，因此，这应该是最困难的
任务之一。故选C。funniest最滑稽的；worst最差的； hardest最难
的；lightest最轻的。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 2.A.energy B.motivation C.wisdom D.ambition
[解析] 根据“I had never held a job when I was in high school
because my parents wanted me to put all my…into my studies.”
可知，作者的父母从未让作者工作过，因为他们想要作者将所有的
精力都放在学习上。故选A。energy能量，精力；motivation动力；
wisdom智慧；ambition抱负，野心。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 3.A.questionnaires B.surveys
C.certifications D.applications
[解析] 根据“…but got no calls back in the first two weeks.”可知，
作者填写了工作申请，但是没有得到回复。故选D。 questionnaire
问卷； survey调查；certification证书；application申请，应用。
( ) 4.A.exactly B.absolutely C.partly D.doubtfully
[解析] 根据上文“I had never held a job…”及下文no job
experience可知，由于作者没有工作过，所以完全没有工作经验。故
选B。 exactly恰好，确切地；absolutely完全地；partly部分地；
doubtfully怀疑地。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 5.A.explain B.claim C.interpret D.offer
[解析] 根据being a high school graduate and a year of college
可知，作者能提供的只有高中和大学一年的生活经历。故选D。
explain解释；claim声称，索要；interpret说明； offer提供。
( ) 6.A.signed up B.applied to
C.checked in D.headed for
[解析] 根据上文“I filled out dozens of…but got no calls back in
the first two weeks.”及“…I finally got a call back from one of
the places…”可知，作者申请过的一个地方打来了电话。故选B。
sign up报名；apply to(通常以书面形式)申请，请求； check in登
记； head for前往。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 7.A.interview B.graduation
C.arrangement D.performance
[解析] 根据“We had set up a meeting time…”及“…I was more
than ready to start working the following Monday.”可知，作者接
到了电话，约了面试时间，在面试后，就可以上班了。故选A。
interview面试，采访；graduation毕业；arrangement安排；
performance表现，表演。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 8.A.surprised B.disappointed
C.excited D.worried
[解析] 根据前文“…I was more than ready to start working the
following Monday.”可知，作者准备好上班了，所以对于有机会工作
赚钱是兴奋的。故选C。surprised惊讶的；disappointed失望的；
excited兴奋的；worried担忧的。
( ) 9.A.skilled B.frightened C.patient D.satisfied
[解析] 根据“I made mistakes with orders…”可知，作者刚开始工作
时并不熟练。故选A。 skilled熟练的；frightened害怕的； patient耐
心的； satisfied满足的。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 10.A.avoided B.abandoned C.postponed D.forgot
[解析] 根据“I made mistakes with orders and…”及“…I got better
at orders, and always…the cheaper options to customers.”可推知，
由于作者没有工作经验，所以经常犯错，也会忘记向顾客推销。故
选D。avoid避免；abandon放弃； postpone推迟； forget忘记。
( ) 11.A.spend B.last C.continue D.wait
[解析] 根据“…and that I would be back looking for more…”可知，
父母打赌作者的工作干不了两周。故选B。spend花费； last坚持下
去，支撑下去；continue继续；wait等待。
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( ) 12.A.ideas B.schools C.jobs D.instructions
[解析] 根据语境可知，作者的父母打赌作者的工作干不了两周，之
后作者还会继续找工作。故选C。 idea观点；school学校； job工作；
instructions操作指南。
( ) 13.A.sold B.produced
C.kept D.recommended
[解析] 根据the cheaper options to customers可知，此处指为客户
推荐选择。故选D。 sell卖； produce制造； keep保持；
recommend推荐。
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( ) 14.A.confirmed B.received C.guaranteed D.become
[解析] 根据the award of the best employee of the month可知，
在作者的努力下，他获得了月度最佳员工奖。故选B。 confirm确认；
receive收到，获得；guarantee保证； become变成。
( ) 15.A.confidence B.importance
C.expectation D.hope
[解析] 根据上文“…that I had…the award of the best employee
of the month.”可知，作者获得了月度最佳员工奖，这给了作者自信。
故选A。 confidence自信； importance重要性； expectation期待；
hope希望。
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