Period Two Using language
语法探究
【自主发现】
关系代词;关系副词;表语从句
语法归纳
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.where 2.when 3.why 4.where 5.which
6.when 7.where 8.why
●Ⅱ 1.when people can play jokes on friends
2.(that/which) she spent studying as an exchange student in our school
3.where every step is an opportunity to learn and grow
4.why I advise you to read this bookPeriod Two Using language
Ⅰ. 1.when 2.why 3.where 4.when 5.where
6.that/which 7.which/that 8.whose 9.which
Ⅱ.1.why teenagers choose to surf the Internet 2.where wild pandas can be found 3.when I helped 4.where my only hope
Ⅲ. 【文章大意】 本文为一篇说明文。文章以约翰逊为例介绍了一些青少年所面临的机遇与挑战。
1.are preferred 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据全文时态可知,文章陈述一个客观现象,所以用一般现在时。主语activities是复数,且与动词prefer之间是被动关系,用被动语态。故填are preferred。
2.courses 考查名词复数。course“课程”为可数名词,前文没有限定词,故用复数形式。故填courses。
3.Actually 考查副词。修饰一句话需要用副词作状语。位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Actually。
4.themselves 考查代词。结合句意可知,空格处的宾语和主句主语一致,需要用反身代词。故填themselves。
5.an 考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处表达“一个外向的新生”,是泛指,需要用不定冠词;outgoing是元音音素开头,所以用an。故填an。
6.has given 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语从句since he was 10 years old可知,句子使用现在完成时;主语he是单数,且与动词短语give up是主动关系。故填has given。
7.with 考查介词。固定搭配with the help of译为“在……的帮助下”。故填with。
8.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句;先行词the school在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句。故填where。
9.interested 考查固定搭配。固定搭配be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”,表示人的感受,用-ed形式形容词作表语。故填interested。
10.to read 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配advise sb to do sth意为“建议某人做某事”。故填to read。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者晚上到院子里,遇到喜爱的萤火虫,并且认为人类和萤火虫一样,在这个星球上,生命短暂,但即便如此,我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。
1.B 根据前面的“…there was no starlight or moonlight to…”和后面的“…me as I walked out of my porch(门厅).”可知,作者走出来的时候,漆黑一片,因此没有月光和星光迎接,此处为拟人用法。故选B。show展示; greet迎接,问候;please取悦; promise承诺。
2.D 根据上文的“…I kept the porch light off…”和后面的bugs and moths可知,作者不喜欢被虫子和飞蛾袭扰,而把灯关掉。故选D。frighten使害怕;accompany陪伴;shine照射;trouble困扰。
3.A 结合后面的next summer和常识可知当时是夏季。故选A。summer夏天;winter冬天;spring春天;fall秋天。
4.C 根据上文的“…there was no starlight or moonlight…”和“…I kept the porch light off…”可知当时没有光,作者在那里站了一会儿,是为了让眼睛适应光线不足的情况。故选C。heat高温; water水; light光线; air空气。
5.C 根据后文“When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them…”可知,作者小时候常常坐在草地上,看着萤火虫,说明萤火虫出现在草地尽头。故选C。porch门廊;room房间;grassland草地;roof屋顶。
6.C 根据下文的“I recognized them at once as my firefly(萤火虫) friends…”可知,作者看到了自己的萤火虫朋友,应该是微笑了。故选C。frown皱眉;cry哭泣;smile微笑;sigh叹息。
7.D 根据常识可知,萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选D。go out熄灭;give out分发;settle down定居;show up露面,出现。
8.D 根据常识和下文“…put one in a jar as some kids did…”可知,孩子们能逮住萤火虫说明它飞得慢。故选D。fearfully可怕地;cautiously谨慎地;nervously紧张地;slowly缓慢地。
9.C 根据后面的“…put one in a jar as some kids did…”可知,只有逮住萤火虫才能放进罐子里。故选C。see看见;hit打,击;catch抓住;get得到。
10.D 由下文“…they disappeared in the fall…”和“…they reappeared the next summer.”可知,夏天出现的萤火虫,秋天消失,所以萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂。故选D。hard努力的;terrible糟糕的;useful有用的;brief短暂的。
11.A 作者把萤火虫当作朋友,所以它们在秋天消失时,总是让作者感到沮丧。故选A。depress使沮丧; surprise使惊讶; confuse使困惑; excite使激动。
12.B 作者喜欢萤火虫,把它们当朋友,结合后面的“…when they reappeared the next summer.”可知,当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时,作者很开心。这里形容作者高兴的心情。故选B。beat跳动;sing唱歌;move移动,打动;tremble颤抖。
13.D 根据前面的“We are like them in a lot of ways.”和后面的“…here on Earth is brief.”可知,作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样,人生短暂。故选D。hope希望;memory记忆;mind思维;life生活,生命。
14.B 与前面on and off blinks对比,指稳定的闪耀。故选B。 beautiful美丽的;steady稳定的;bright明亮的;clear清楚的。
15.B 此处指虽然人生短暂,但我们仍要尽力发光,就算我们离去,也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒,我们也就能够释怀了。take comfort in“感到宽慰”。故选B。pride自豪;comfort安慰;action行动;interest兴趣。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了安全遛狗的小贴士。
1.B 根据前文“Having a dog is good for your health.”以及后文“You need to organize your day well and adjust (调整) it to your dog’s daily walking needs.”可知,这两句话之间需要一个过渡句,说明养狗虽然对健康有好处,但也需要一定的付出,特别是时间上的付出。因此,B项符合语境,故选B。
2.A 设空位于段首,为本段中心句,根据后文“Of course, the situation may happen when you badly need to go, for example, to a shop and then you have to leave the dog on a leash (狗链). But you must not often leave the animal like this because you endanger its life. And the dog can be a danger to people on the street.”可知,本段主要讲述了遛狗时不要单独把狗留下,所以A项符合语境,故选A。
3.D 设空位于段尾,是对前文的总结,根据前文“Pick less visited places. When choosing a place for walking with a dog, you had better pick less visited squares and parks, and other less popular areas where there are only a small number of people.”可知,空处应对此进行解释说明,说明这些地方是安全的,适合狗狗玩耍。因此,D选项“这些都是安全的地方,可以让你的狗狗做有趣的户外游戏。”符合语境,故选D。
4.C 根据前文“Take the best number of walks in a day for your dog. Though even just one walk every day may be enough for smaller dogs, high-energy dogs will need more than that.”以及后文“The question of how much time to walk is also important. The best choice is to prepare at least 40 minutes for a walk with your dog.”可知,此空应承接上文,说明需要了解狗的能量水平,来合理安排遛狗次数。因此,C项符合语境,故选C。
5.F 根据前文“Take your dog to meet-ups. Dogs enjoy meet-ups with other dogs. Plan dog meet-ups and group-walks for your dog to play with other dogs. Walking in a group means you get to share experiences with other dog owners as well.”以及后文“So take your dog out to meet up with other dogs. It is good for their health.”可知,此空应说明狗狗聚会的好处,所以F项符合语境,故选F。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了由于全球变暖,大多数北极熊可能在本世纪末灭绝。文章分析了北极熊数量减少的原因。
1.scientists 考查名词复数。scientist(科学家)为可数名词,由空后say可知,空格处用复数形式,故填scientists。
2.mainly 考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词短语feed on,故填mainly。
3.their 考查物主代词。they和main food source之间是所属关系,因此用形容词性物主代词their修饰main food source,故填their。
4.having 考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth意为“停止做某事”,故填having。
5.in 考查介词。结合句意可知,一些北极熊可能会停止生育,导致数量迅速下降,短语result in意为“导致”,故填in。
6.longer 考查比较级。结合句意可知,现在海冰需要更长时间才能恢复,空格处意为“更长时间”,应用比较级,故填longer。
7.has dropped 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由since the 1970s可知,应用现在完成时,主语ice是不可数名词,因此谓语动词应用单数形式,故填has dropped。
8.to slow 考查非谓语动词。“It is possible to do sth.”是固定句型,意为“可能做某事。”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,故填to slow。
9.that/which 考查定语从句。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词greenhouse gas emissions指物,因此空格处用关系代词that或which,故填that/which。
10.a 考查冠词。make a difference是固定短语,意为“有影响,起重要作用”,故填a。Period Two Using language
阅读以下有关“大自然”的短文,感知加黑部分,并回答其后的问题。
Nature is a magnificent masterpiece ①that surrounds us. The forests are places ②where countless creatures live. They are like a paradise. The rivers ③that flow gently provide habitats for many species. The mountains are the spots ④where various plants grow and offer a splendid view. The moments ⑤when we are close to nature are the most relaxing. The flowers blooming in spring make the earth a colourful wonderland. We should cherish nature, for it is ⑥where we find peace and beauty.
【自主发现】
以上语段中,①③为 引导的定语从句,②④⑤为 引导的定语从句;而⑥是 。
定语从句之关系副词
定语从句除了由关系代词引导外,还可由关系副词when,where,why引导,关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
一、关系副词的基本用法
1.关系副词when引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词,且关系词在定语从句中充当时间状语时,用when引导定语从句。如:
We would never forget the days when the Olympic Games were held in Beijing.
我们永远忘不了奥运会在北京举办的日子。
2.关系副词where引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词,且关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语时,用where引导定语从句。如:
The house where I lived during my childhood has been pulled down.
我童年居住的那所房子已经被拆了。
注意:如果定语从句所修饰的先行词是stage(阶段), activity, case(情况), point(地步), situation, job等非地点的抽象名词,且关系词在从句中作状语时,可以用where来引导定语从句。如:
①Let’s think of a situation where the idiom can be used properly.
让我们想出一个可以正确使用这个习语的情况。
②I got to the point where I was staying up really late at night to get my work done.
我到了晚上熬夜到很晚来完成工作的地步。
3.关系副词why引导的定语从句
当先行词是reason且从句缺少状语时,用why引导定语从句。如:
The reason why I was late was that my car broke down on the way.
我迟到的原因是我的车在路上发生故障了。
二、关系代词和关系副词的区别
关系代词和关系副词的选择依据是从句中的成分划分。看定语从句缺什么成分:如果缺的是主语、宾语或定语,就用关系代词;如果缺状语,则用关系副词。
1.先行词是地点
①The mountain village where we travelled last year has taken on a new look.
我们去年去旅游的那个山村已经呈现出新的面貌。(从句缺状语,故用where)
②The mountain village (which/that) we visited last year has taken on a new look.
我们去年去旅游的那个山村已经呈现出新的面貌。(从句缺宾语,故用which/that)
2.先行词是时间
①I will never forget the days when I lived in the countryside with the farmers.
我永远不会忘记我和农民一起住在农村的日子。(从句缺状语,故用when)
②I will never forget the days (which/that) I spent in the countryside with the farmers.
我永远不会忘记我在农村和农民度过的日子。(从句缺宾语,故用which/that)
3.先行词表原因
①The reason why you failed, I think, was that you had not followed your mother’s advice.
我认为你失败的原因是你没有听从你母亲的建议。(从句缺状语,故用why)
②The reason (which/that) he explained for his being late was that he had missed the early bus.
他所解释的迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。(从句缺宾语,故用which/that)
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The valley the town lies is really attractive.
2.The sight of the garden brought the days back to me I studied abroad.
3.The reason I don’t do well in English is that I have difficulty in understanding English grammar.
4.It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
5.The book, I borrowed from the library, is supposed to be back next week.
6.There are moments silence speaks louder than words.
7.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child.
8.The teacher explained it was important to study history well.
●Ⅱ 句型训练
1.April Fools’ Day is a day (人们可以和朋友开玩笑).
2.She says that she’ll never forget the time (她作为交换学生在我们学校学习;关系代词).
3.Life is a journey (每一步都是学习和成长的机会).
4.The reason (我为什么建议你读这本书) is that it is one of the classics of Chinese literature. Period Two Using language
●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分13.5分)
1.The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
2.The reason I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies.
3.A park is the place you can go with tiredness and return with freshness, breathing in the sweet air and enjoying nature.
4.His offer of help came at a time most of us were beginning to feel desperate.
5.They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay for two or three days.
6.In the years followed, Marx kept on studying French and using it.
7.You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station you can hire to reach your host family.
8.The old temple roof was damaged in the storm is now under repair.
9.The lake, reflects the blue sky and white clouds, is so clear that you can see the fish swimming in it.
●Ⅱ 句型训练(用定语从句)(每小题3分,满分12分)
1.The main reasons are to get information, communicate with others and have fun.
青少年选择上网冲浪的主要原因是:获取信息,与他人交流,寻找乐趣。
2.China is the only country
.
中国是唯一可以找到野生大熊猫的国家。
3.These pictures remind me of the days at the nursing home as a volunteer .
这些照片让我想起了我在敬老院里做志愿者帮忙的日子。
4.Yesterday I was stuck in such a hopeless situation would have to come from a total stranger.
昨天,我陷入了如此绝望的境地,我唯一的希望只能来自一个完全陌生的人。
●Ⅲ 语篇填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers. And extra-curricular activities 1. (prefer) by others, such as organizing debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for advanced 2. (course) out of curiosity. 3. (actual), some teenagers feel confused in their youth, and their behaviours are sometimes confusing. They think there is a generation gap between 4. (they) and adults, so experts are trying to find a suitable solution.
Johnson is 5. outgoing freshman. He is so attracted to Chinese literature that he 6. (give) up his studies in Chicago and come to China since he was 10 years old. Obviously, 7. the help of his teacher, his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese on campus now. As scheduled, he will graduate from the school 8. he has stayed for a long time next year. What he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese literature and he is 9. (interest) in Tang poetry. The topic of his research content is “the differences between Eastern and Western literature”. An editor that acts responsibly has advised him 10. (read) some classical Chinese literature first. This suggestion means a lot to him.
●Ⅳ 完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分)
[2025·广东广州三校高一期中]
It was a dark night. Thick, dark, grey clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to 1 me as I walked out of my porch (门厅). Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be 2 by bugs and moths (飞蛾) on this sticky 3 evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of 4 .
It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the 5 followed by another and then another. I 6 . I recognized them at once as my firefly (萤火虫) friends, my lightning bug buddies who always 7 this time of the year.
When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them 8 fly around blinking on and off. I never 9 and put one in a jar as some kids did because I never wanted to hurt these messengers of light. Their time on this Earth was so 10 as it was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always 11 me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart 12 when they reappeared the next summer.
We are like them in a lot of ways. Our 13 here on Earth is brief. Often our light of love is more like on and off blinks rather than a 14 shine. Still, we do our best to share it and take 15 in knowing that others will be shining their light long after we are gone.
( )1.A.show B.greet
C.please D.promise
( )2.A.frightened B.accompanied
C.shined D.troubled
( )3.A.summer B.winter
C.spring D.fall
( )4.A.heat B.water
C.light D.air
( )5.A.porch B.room
C.grassland D.roof
( )6.A.frowned B.cried
C.smiled D.sighed
( )7.A.went out B.gave out
C.settled down D.showed up
( )8.A.fearfully B.cautiously
C.nervously D.slowly
( )9.A.saw B.hit
C.caught D.got
( )10.A.hard B.terrible
C.useful D.brief
( )11.A.depressed B.surprised
C.confused D.excited
( )12.A.beat B.sing
C.move D.tremble
( )13.A.hope B.memory
C.mind D.life
( )14.A.beautiful B.steady
C.bright D.clear
( )15.A.pride B.comfort
C.action D.interest
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·江苏扬州新华中学高一期中]
Having a dog is good for your health. 1. You need to organize your day well and adjust (调整) it to your dog’s daily walking needs. Here are some safe dog walking tips.
2. Of course, the situation may happen when you badly need to go, for example, to a shop and then you have to leave the dog on a leash (狗链). But you must not often leave the animal like this because you endanger its life. And the dog can be a danger to people on the street.
Pick less visited places. When choosing a place for walking with a dog, you had better pick less visited squares and parks, and other less popular areas where there are only a small number of people. 3.
Take the best number of walks in a day for your dog. Though even just one walk every day may be enough for smaller dogs, high-energy dogs will need more than that. 4. The question of how much time to walk is also important. The best choice is to prepare at least 40 minutes for a walk with your dog.
Take your dog to meet-ups. Dogs enjoy meet-ups with other dogs. Plan dog meet-ups and group-walks for your dog to play with other dogs. Walking in a group means you get to share experiences with other dog owners as well. 5. So take your dog out to meet up with other dogs. It is good for their health.
A.Never leave your dog alone on walks.
B.However, walking your dog can cost you much time.
C.So you need to know your dog and find out its energy level.
D.These are safe places to do fun outdoor games for your dog.
E.The best dog owners are those who often go to different shops.
F.Social meet-ups help make sure that your dog becomes a friendly pet.
G.You, as the owner, should pay attention to everything that your dog eats.
●Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Most polar bears could die out by the end of the century due to global warming, 1. (scientist) say. According to a study, most polar bear populations will be dropping markedly by 2080. The cause is melting (融化的) sea ice. Polar bears feed 2. (main) on seals on the ice. Without ice, the bears have to walk to faraway places and spend more and more time away from 3. (they) main food source. That means the animals could die.
Lack of food leads to another problem: mother bears may not be fat enough to produce milk for their babies. Some bears could stop 4. (have) babies, which results 5. a rapid decline (减少) in numbers.
Arctic sea ice usually melts in spring and summer, and then grows in winter. But now, the ice is taking 6. (long) to grow back. Weather statistics say the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. Ice in the region 7. (drop) by 13% every 10 years since the 1970s.
But the study also notes that it is still possible 8. (slow) Arctic melting. The world can cut the burning of coal, oil, etc. and lower the greenhouse gas emissions (排放物) 9. bring about climate change. It would have to be a big drop to make 10. difference. (共59张PPT)
Period Two
Using language
语法探究
语法归纳
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
阅读以下有关“大自然”的短文，感知加黑部分，并回答其后的问题。
Nature is a magnificent masterpiece ①that surrounds us.
The forests are places ②where countless creatures live. They are
like a paradise. The rivers ③that flow gently provide habitats for
many species. The mountains are the spots ④where various
plants grow and offer a splendid view. The moments ⑤when
we are close to nature are the most relaxing. The flowers
blooming in spring make the earth a colourful wonderland. We
should cherish nature, for it is ⑥where we find peace and
beauty.
【自主发现】
以上语段中，①③为__________引导的定语从句，②④⑤为
__________引导的定语从句；而⑥是__________。
关系代词
关系副词
表语从句
定语从句之关系副词
定语从句除了由关系代词引导外,还可由关系副词
when,where,why引导,关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
一、关系副词的基本用法
1.关系副词when引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词,且关系词在定语从句
中充当时间状语时,用when引导定语从句。如:
We would never forget the days when the Olympic Games
were held in Beijing.
我们永远忘不了奥运会在北京举办的日子。
2.关系副词where引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词,且关系词在定语从句
中充当地点状语时,用where引导定语从句。如:
The house where I lived during my childhood has been pulled
down.
我童年居住的那所房子已经被拆了。
注意:如果定语从句所修饰的先行词是stage(阶段), activity, case
(情况), point(地步), situation, job等非地点的抽象名词,且关系词在
从句中作状语时,可以用where来引导定语从句。如:
①Let's think of a situation where the idiom can be used
properly.
让我们想出一个可以正确使用这个习语的情况。
②I got to the point where I was staying up really late at
night to get my work done.
我到了晚上熬夜到很晚来完成工作的地步。
3.关系副词why引导的定语从句
当先行词是reason且从句缺少状语时,用why引导定语从句。如:
The reason why I was late was that my car broke down on the
way.
我迟到的原因是我的车在路上发生故障了。
二、关系代词和关系副词的区别
关系代词和关系副词的选择依据是从句中的成分划分。看定语
从句缺什么成分:如果缺的是主语、宾语或定语,就用关系代词;如果缺
状语,则用关系副词。
1.先行词是地点
①The mountain village where we travelled last year has taken
on a new look.
我们去年去旅游的那个山村已经呈现出新的面貌。(从句缺状语,故用
where)
②The mountain village (which/that) we visited last year has
taken on a new look.
我们去年去旅游的那个山村已经呈现出新的面貌。(从句缺宾语,故用
which/that)
2.先行词是时间
①I will never forget the days when I lived in the countryside
with the farmers.
我永远不会忘记我和农民一起住在农村的日子。(从句缺状语,故用
when)
②I will never forget the days (which/that) I spent in the
countryside with the farmers.
我永远不会忘记我在农村和农民度过的日子。(从句缺宾语,故用
which/that)
3.先行词表原因
①The reason why you failed, I think, was that you had not
followed your mother's advice.
我认为你失败的原因是你没有听从你母亲的建议。(从句缺状语,故用
why)
②The reason (which/that) he explained for his being late was
that he had missed the early bus.
他所解释的迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。(从句缺宾语,故用
which/that)
【实战演练】
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The valley _______ the town lies is really attractive.
2.The sight of the garden brought the days back to me ______
I studied abroad.
3.The reason _____ I don't do well in English is that I have
difficulty in understanding English grammar.
4.It's helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see
themselves differently.
where
when
why
where
5.The book, _______ I borrowed from the library, is supposed to
be back next week.
6.There are moments ______ silence speaks louder than words.
7.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small
town _______ he grew up as a child.
8.The teacher explained _____ it was important to study history
well.
which
when
where
why
Ⅱ 句型训练
1.April Fools' Day is a day __________________________________
______ (人们可以和朋友开玩笑).
when people can play jokes on friends
2.She says that she'll never forget the time ___________________
_________________________________________________
(她作为交换学生在我们学校学习；关系代词).
(that/which) she spent studying as an exchange student in our school
3.Life is a journey __________________________________________
_________ (每一步都是学习和成长的机会).
where every step is an opportunity to learn and grow
4.The reason __________________________________ (我为什么建
议你读这本书) is that it is one of the classics of Chinese
literature.
why I advise you to read this book
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分，满分13.5分)
1.The days are gone ______ physical strength was all you
needed to make a living.
when
2.The reason _____ I don't trust him is that he often tells lies.
why
3.A park is the place _______ you can go with tiredness and
return with freshness, breathing in the sweet air and enjoying
nature.
where
4.His offer of help came at a time ______ most of us were
beginning to feel desperate.
when
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5.They will fly to Washington, _______ they plan to stay for two
or three days.
where
6.In the years ___________ followed, Marx kept on studying
French and using it.
that/which
7.You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station ___________ you
can hire to reach your host family.
which/that
8.The old temple _______ roof was damaged in the storm is
now under repair.
whose
9.The lake, _______ reflects the blue sky and white clouds, is so
clear that you can see the fish swimming in it.
which
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Ⅱ 句型训练(用定语从句)(每小题3分，满分12分)
1.The main reasons ________________________________________
are to get information, communicate with others and have fun.
青少年选择上网冲浪的主要原因是:获取信息,与他人交流,寻找乐趣。
why teenagers choose to surf the Internet
2.China is the only country ________________________________.
中国是唯一可以找到野生大熊猫的国家。
where wild pandas can be found
3.These pictures remind me of the days _______________ at the
nursing home as a volunteer.
这些照片让我想起了我在敬老院里做志愿者帮忙的日子。
when I helped
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4.Yesterday I was stuck in such a hopeless situation
_____________________ would have to come from a total
stranger.
昨天,我陷入了如此绝望的境地,我唯一的希望只能来自一个完全陌生
的人。
where my only hope
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2
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Ⅲ 语篇填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing
voluntary work is popular among some teenagers. And extra-
curricular activities 1._____________ (prefer) by others, such as
organizing debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and
cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for
advanced 2.________ (course) out of curiosity. 3.________ (actual),
some teenagers feel confused in their youth, and their
behaviours are sometimes confusing. They think there is a
generation gap between 4.___________ (they) and adults, so
experts are trying to find a suitable solution.
are preferred
courses
Actually
themselves
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Johnson is 5.____ outgoing freshman. He is so attracted to
Chinese literature that he 6.__________ (give) up his studies in
Chicago and come to China since he was 10 years old.
Obviously, 7._____ the help of his teacher, his Chinese has
improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese on campus
now. As scheduled, he will graduate from the school 8._______
he has stayed for a long time next year. What he is
concentrating on is the ancient Chinese literature and he is
9.__________ (interest) in Tang poetry.
an
has given
with
where
interested
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The topic of his research content is “the differences between
Eastern and Western literature”. An editor that acts responsibly
has advised him 10.________ (read) some classical Chinese
literature first. This suggestion means a lot to him.
to read
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【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章以约翰逊为例介绍了一些青
少年所面临的机遇与挑战。
1._____________
are preferred
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据全文时态可知，文章
陈述一个客观现象，所以用一般现在时。主语activities是复数，且与
动词prefer之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填are preferred。
2.________
courses
[解析] 考查名词复数。course“课程”为可数名词，前文没有限定词，
故用复数形式。故填courses。
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3.________
Actually
[解析] 考查副词。修饰一句话需要用副词作状语。位于句首，首字
母要大写。故填Actually。
4.___________
themselves
[解析] 考查代词。结合句意可知，空格处的宾语和主句主语一致，
需要用反身代词。故填themselves。
5.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表达“一个外向的新生”，是
泛指，需要用不定冠词；outgoing是元音音素开头，所以用an。故
填an。
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6.__________
has given
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语从句since he was
10 years old可知，句子使用现在完成时；主语he是单数，且与动词
短语give up是主动关系。故填has given。
7._____
with
[解析] 考查介词。固定搭配with the help of译为“在……的帮助下”。
故填with。
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8._______
where
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句；先行
词the school在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导
限制性定语从句。故填where。
9.__________
interested
[解析] 考查固定搭配。固定搭配be interested in意为“对……感兴
趣”，表示人的感受，用-ed形式形容词作表语。故填interested。
10.________
to read
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配advise sb to do sth意为“建议某
人做某事”。故填to read。
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Ⅳ 完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
［2025·广东广州三校高一期中］
It was a dark night. Thick, dark, grey clouds had made sure
that there was no starlight or moonlight to . .1. .me as I walked
out of my porch (门厅). Still, I kept the porch light off because
I didn't want to be . .2. .by bugs and moths (飞蛾) on this
sticky . .3. .evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes
adjust to the lack of . .4. ..
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It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of
light at the far end of the . .5. .followed by another and then
another. I . .6. .. I recognized them at once as my firefly (萤火虫)
friends, my lightning bug buddies who always . .7. .this time of
the year.
When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch
them . .8. .fly around blinking on and off. I never . .9. .and put one
in a jar as some kids did because I never wanted to hurt these
messengers of light. Their time on this Earth was so . .10. .as it
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was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It
always . .11. .me when they disappeared in the fall and it always
made my heart . .12. .when they reappeared the next summer.
We are like them in a lot of ways. Our . .13. .here on Earth
is brief. Often our light of love is more like on and off blinks
rather than a . .14. .shine. Still, we do our best to share it and
take . .15. .in knowing that others will be shining their light long
after we are gone.
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【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者晚上到院子里，
遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，
生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。
( )1.A.show B.greet C.please D.promise
[解析] 根据前面的“…there was no starlight or moonlight to…”和
后面的“…me as I walked out of my porch(门厅).”可知，作者走出
来的时候，漆黑一片，因此没有月光和星光迎接，此处为拟人用法。
故选B。show展示； greet迎接，问候；please取悦； promise承诺。
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( )2.A.frightened B.accompanied
C.shined D.troubled
[解析] 根据上文的“…I kept the porch light off…”和后面的bugs
and moths可知，作者不喜欢被虫子和飞蛾袭扰，而把灯关掉。故
选D。frighten使害怕；accompany陪伴；shine照射；trouble困扰。
( )3.A.summer B.winter C.spring D.fall
[解析] 结合后面的next summer和常识可知当时是夏季。故选A。
summer夏天；winter冬天；spring春天；fall秋天。
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( )4.A.heat B.water C.light D.air
[解析] 根据上文的“…there was no starlight or moonlight…”和“…I
kept the porch light off…”可知当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会
儿，是为了让眼睛适应光线不足的情况。故选C。heat高温； water
水； light光线； air空气。
( )5.A.porch B.room C.grassland D.roof
[解析] 根据后文“When I was little I used to sit in the grass and
watch them…”可知，作者小时候常常坐在草地上，看着萤火虫，说
明萤火虫出现在草地尽头。故选C。porch门廊；room房间；
grassland草地；roof屋顶。
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( )6.A.frowned B.cried C.smiled D.sighed
[解析] 根据下文的“I recognized them at once as my firefly
(萤火虫) friends…”可知，作者看到了自己的萤火虫朋友，应该是微
笑了。故选C。frown皱眉；cry哭泣；smile微笑；sigh叹息。
( )7.A.went out B.gave out
C.settled down D.showed up
[解析] 根据常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选D。
go out熄灭；give out分发；settle down定居；show up露面，出现。
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( )8.A.fearfully B.cautiously C.nervously D.slowly
[解析] 根据常识和下文“…put one in a jar as some kids did…”可
知，孩子们能逮住萤火虫说明它飞得慢。故选D。fearfully可怕地；
cautiously谨慎地；nervously紧张地；slowly缓慢地。
( )9.A.saw B.hit C.caught D.got
[解析] 根据后面的“…put one in a jar as some kids did…”可知，
只有逮住萤火虫才能放进罐子里。故选C。see看见；hit打，击；
catch抓住；get得到。
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( )10.A.hard B.terrible C.useful D.brief
[解析] 由下文“…they disappeared in the fall…”和“…they
reappeared the next summer.”可知，夏天出现的萤火虫，秋天消失，
所以萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂。故选D。hard努力的；terrible糟
糕的；useful有用的；brief短暂的。
( )11.A.depressed B.surprised C.confused D.excited
[解析] 作者把萤火虫当作朋友，所以它们在秋天消失时，总是让作
者感到沮丧。故选A。depress使沮丧； surprise使惊讶； confuse使
困惑； excite使激动。
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( )12.A.beat B.sing C.move D.tremble
[解析] 作者喜欢萤火虫，把它们当朋友，结合后面的“…when they
reappeared the next summer.”可知，当它们在第二年夏天再次出现
时，作者很开心。这里形容作者高兴的心情。故选B。beat跳动；
sing唱歌；move移动，打动；tremble颤抖。
( )13.A.hope B.memory C.mind D.life
[解析] 根据前面的“We are like them in a lot of ways.”和后面的
“…here on Earth is brief.”可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，
人生短暂。故选D。hope希望；memory记忆；mind思维；life生活，
生命。
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( )14.A.beautiful B.steady C.bright D.clear
[解析] 与前面on and off blinks对比，指稳定的闪耀。故选B。
beautiful美丽的；steady稳定的；bright明亮的；clear清楚的。
( )15.A.pride B.comfort C.action D.interest
[解析] 此处指虽然人生短暂，但我们仍要尽力发光，就算我们离去，
也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒，我们也就能够释怀了。take comfort
in“感到宽慰”。故选B。pride自豪；comfort安慰；action行动；
interest兴趣。
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Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
［2025·江苏扬州新华中学高一期中］
Having a dog is good for your health. 1.___ You need to
organize your day well and adjust (调整) it to your dog's daily
walking needs. Here are some safe dog walking tips.
2.___ Of course, the situation may happen when you badly
need to go, for example, to a shop and then you have to leave
the dog on a leash (狗链). But you must not often leave the
animal like this because you endanger its life. And the dog can
be a danger to people on the street.
B
A
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Pick less visited places. When choosing a place for walking
with a dog, you had better pick less visited squares and parks,
and other less popular areas where there are only a small
number of people. 3.___
Take the best number of walks in a day for your dog.
Though even just one walk every day may be enough for
smaller dogs, high-energy dogs will need more than that. 4.___
The question of how much time to walk is also important. The
best choice is to prepare at least 40 minutes for a walk with
your dog.
D
C
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Take your dog to meet-ups. Dogs enjoy meet-ups with
other dogs. Plan dog meet-ups and group-walks for your dog
to play with other dogs. Walking in a group means you get to
share experiences with other dog owners as well. 5.___ So take
your dog out to meet up with other dogs. It is good for their
health.
F
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A.Never leave your dog alone on walks.
B.However, walking your dog can cost you much time.
C.So you need to know your dog and find out its energy level.
D.These are safe places to do fun outdoor games for your dog.
E.The best dog owners are those who often go to different
shops.
F.Social meet-ups help make sure that your dog becomes a
friendly pet.
G.You, as the owner, should pay attention to everything that
your dog eats.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了安全遛狗的小贴士。
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1.___
B
[解析] 根据前文“Having a dog is good for your health.”以及后文
“You need to organize your day well and adjust (调整) it to
your dog's daily walking needs.”可知，这两句话之间需要一个过渡
句，说明养狗虽然对健康有好处，但也需要一定的付出，特别是时
间上的付出。因此，B项符合语境，故选B。
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2.___
A
[解析] 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Of course, the
situation may happen when you badly need to go, for example,
to a shop and then you have to leave the dog on a leash
(狗链). But you must not often leave the animal like this
because you endanger its life. And the dog can be a danger to
people on the street.”可知，本段主要讲述了遛狗时不要单独把狗
留下，所以A项符合语境，故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
D
[解析] 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Pick less visited
places. When choosing a place for walking with a dog, you had
better pick less visited squares and parks, and other less
popular areas where there are only a small number of people.”
可知，空处应对此进行解释说明，说明这些地方是安全的，适合狗
狗玩耍。因此，D选项“这些都是安全的地方，可以让你的狗狗做有
趣的户外游戏。”符合语境，故选D。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
C
[解析] 根据前文“Take the best number of walks in a day for
your dog. Though even just one walk every day may be
enough for smaller dogs, high-energy dogs will need more than
that.”以及后文“The question of how much time to walk is also
important. The best choice is to prepare at least 40 minutes for
a walk with your dog.”可知，此空应承接上文，说明需要了解狗的
能量水平，来合理安排遛狗次数。因此，C项符合语境，故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
F
[解析] 根据前文“Take your dog to meet-ups. Dogs enjoy meet-
ups with other dogs. Plan dog meet-ups and group-walks for
your dog to play with other dogs. Walking in a group means
you get to share experiences with other dog owners as well.”以
及后文“So take your dog out to meet up with other dogs. It is
good for their health.”可知，此空应说明狗狗聚会的好处，所以F项
符合语境，故选F。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Most polar bears could die out by the end of the century
due to global warming, 1._________ (scientist) say. According to
a study, most polar bear populations will be dropping markedly
by 2080. The cause is melting (融化的) sea ice. Polar bears feed
2._______ (main) on seals on the ice. Without ice, the bears
have to walk to faraway places and spend more and more time
away from 3.______ (they) main food source. That means the
animals could die.
scientists
mainly
their
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lack of food leads to another problem: mother bears may
not be fat enough to produce milk for their babies. Some bears
could stop 4._______ (have) babies, which results 5.___ a rapid
decline (减少) in numbers.
Arctic sea ice usually melts in spring and summer, and then
grows in winter. But now, the ice is taking 6._______ (long) to
grow back. Weather statistics say the Arctic is warming twice as
fast as the rest of the planet. Ice in the region 7._____________
(drop) by 13% every 10 years since the 1970s.
having
in
longer
has dropped
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
But the study also notes that it is still possible 8.________
(slow) Arctic melting. The world can cut the burning of coal, oil,
etc. and lower the greenhouse gas emissions (排放物)
9.___________ bring about climate change. It would have to be
a big drop to make 10.___ difference.
to slow
that/which
a
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了由于全球变暖,大多数
北极熊可能在本世纪末灭绝。文章分析了北极熊数量减少的原因。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1._________
scientists
[解析] 考查名词复数。scientist(科学家)为可数名词，由空后say可知,
空格处用复数形式,故填scientists。
2._______
mainly
[解析] 考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词短语feed on,故填mainly。
3.______
their
[解析] 考查物主代词。they和main food source之间是所属关系,因
此用形容词性物主代词their修饰main food source,故填their。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4._______
having
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth意为“停止做某事”，故填
having。
5.___
in
[解析] 考查介词。结合句意可知,一些北极熊可能会停止生育,导致数
量迅速下降,短语result in意为“导致”,故填in。
6._______
longer
[解析] 考查比较级。结合句意可知,现在海冰需要更长时间才能恢复,
空格处意为“更长时间”,应用比较级,故填longer。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7._____________
has dropped
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由since the 1970s可知,应用现在
完成时,主语ice是不可数名词,因此谓语动词应用单数形式，故填has
dropped。
8.________
to slow
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。“It is possible to do sth.”是固定句型,意
为“可能做某事。”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,故填to
slow。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.___________
that/which
[解析] 考查定语从句。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句,从句中缺少
主语,先行词greenhouse gas emissions指物,因此空格处用关系代词
that或which，故填that/which。
10.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。make a difference是固定短语,意为“有影响,起重
要作用”,故填a。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Unit 5 Into the wild
Period Two Using language
导学案
语法探究
【自主发现】
关系代词；关系副词；表语从句
语法归纳
【实战演练】
Ⅰ 1.where 2.when 3.why 4.where 5.which 6.when
7.where 8.why
Ⅱ
1.when people can play jokes on friends
2.（that/which） she spent studying as an exchange student
in our school
3.where every step is an opportunity to learn and grow
4.why I advise you to read this book
练习册
Ⅰ
1.when 2.why 3.where 4.when 5.where 6.that/which
7.which/that 8.whose 9.which
Ⅱ
1.why teenagers choose to surf the Internet 2.where wild
pandas can be found 3.when I helped
4.where my only hope
Ⅲ
1.are preferred 2.courses 3.Actually 4.themselves 5.an
6.has given 7.with 8.where 9.interested 10.to read
Ⅳ
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.A
12.B 13.D 14.B 15.B
Ⅴ
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.F
Ⅵ
1.scientists 2.mainly 3.their 4.having 5.in 6.longer
7.has dropped 8.to slow 9.that/which 10.a
