【精品解析】广东省深圳市新安中学（集团）燕川中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题

广东省深圳市新安中学（集团）燕川中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题
一、第一部分 语言知识（每小题1分，满分25分）
1．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Your ________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reviewing what you have learnt.
A．operation B．performance C．growth D．character
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你养成复习所学知识的习惯，你作为学生的表现将会很出色。A. operation手术；B. performance表现；C. growth成长；D. character性格。根据句意可知，此处为名词performance"表现"作主语，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】 考查名词辨析。注意： 要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。
2．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Senior high school students should ________ their precious school time so that they may have the opportunity to enter a top university.
A．keep an open mind about B．hold their heads up at
C．make the most of D．leave an impression on
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：高中生应该充分利用他们宝贵的学习时间，这样他们就有机会进入顶尖大学。A. keep an open mind about保持开放的心态；B. hold their heads up at仰着头；C. make the most of充分利用；D. leave an impression on给……留下印象。根据句中"…their precious school time so that they may have the opportunity to enter a top university."可知，此处应为动词短语.make the most of"充分利用"，满足句意要求。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
3．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Kate ________ her grandfather because he seems to know everything.
A．impacts B．admires C．hates D．encourages
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：凯特钦佩她的祖父，因为他似乎无所不知。A. impacts影响；B. admires钦佩，仰慕；C. hates憎恨；D. encourages鼓励。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据"because he seems to know everything"可知，此处应表示"钦佩，仰慕"应为admire。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。
4．（2024高一上·深圳期中）It is normal for students to feel ________ before the examination even though they have prepared well.
A．anxious B．confident C．intelligent D．responsible
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管学生们准备得很好，但在考试前感到焦虑是正常的。A. anxious焦虑的；B. confident自信的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. responsible负责的。根据后文"before the examination"可知，此处指在考试前感到焦虑。故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。注意情感色彩，形容词往往带有一定的情感色彩，如褒义、贬义或中性。在解题时，要注意形容词所表达的情感色彩是否与句子或段落的整体氛围相符。
5．（2024高一上·深圳期中）—These problems are too hard to________. Will you give me some advice
—There are many ways. The most important is to have a careful plan.
A．work out B．look out C．hand out D．break out
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——这些问题太难了，解不出来。你能给我一些建议吗？——有很多方法。最重要的是要有一个周密的计划。A. work out解决，弄明白；B. look out向往看，当心；C. hand out分发；D. break out爆发。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语work out"解决，弄明白"，满足句意要求。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：一、理解动词短语的特点。动词短语是由动词加介词或副词构成的固定搭配，其意义往往不能从单个词汇直接推断。常见的动词短语结构包括：动词+介词；动词+副词；动词+副词+介词。二、解题核心策略。1. 整体记忆法。将动词短语视为一个整体记忆，重点关注：核心动词的意义延伸；搭配介词/副词的固定性；短语的及物/不及物属性；2. 语境分析法。通过句子语境判断最符合逻辑的短语：分析主语与宾语的关系；把握句子隐含的时间、因果等逻辑；注意肯定/否定等语气差异。
6．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Jane and Tom are good friends. She is giving him piano lessons __________ his help with her English.
A．in favor of B．in exchange for
C．in honor of D．in place of
【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：简和汤姆是好朋友。她教他钢琴，作为交换，他帮助她学英语。A. in favor of支持；B. in exchange for作为交换；C. in honor of为纪念；D. in place of代替。分析句意可知，两人相互帮助学习新知识，B项"作为交换"符合题意。故选B。【点评】考查介词短语辨析。注意：明确每个介词短语的基本含义和常见用法，仔细阅读题干和选项，根据语境和常识进行判断。有些介词在含义和用法上非常接近，但仍有细微差别。在解答选择题时，要注意这些细微差别，避免混淆。
7．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Although technology has changed the way we _____ friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same.
A．type B．ignore C．acquire D．postpone
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式，但友谊的意义以及我们对朋友的渴望是不变。A. type 打字；B. ignore 忽视；C. acquire 获得；D. postpone延迟。分析句子可知，科技进步是改变了我们交朋友的方式。故选C。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。
8．（2024高一上·深圳期中）When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side. In a word, we should not ________.
A．kill two birds with one stone
B．throw the baby out with the bathwater
C．brave the elements
D．have butterflies in our stomach
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们谈论禁止在学校使用手机时，我们也应该看到好的一面。总之，我们不能不分精华糟粕全盘否定。A. kill two birds with one stone一箭双雕；B. throw the baby out with the bathwater分精华糟粕全盘否定；C. brave the elements不畏严寒；D. have butterflies in our stomach心里感到紧张。根据该句"When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side."可知，对于学生使用手机，不能全盘否定，因此空处意为"不分精华糟粕全盘否定"。故选B。【点评】考查习语辨析。注意：理解习语的基本特点。固定搭配，习语通常是固定词组，不能随意替换其中的单词。整体意义，习语的意义往往不等于各单词意义的简单相加；文化背景，许多习语来源于历史典故或文化传统。常见解题方法。1. 上下文推断法：通过句子前后语境推测习语含义，注意句子表达的情感色彩（积极/消极）；2. 关键词匹配法：记忆常见动词与介词的固定搭配，注意名词与介词的搭配；3. 排除法：先排除明显不符合语法或逻辑的选项，再排除与上下文不符的选项。
9．（2024高一上·深圳期中）She carefully prepared for the interview because she wanted to make a good ________ on the employer.
A．influence B．pressure C．impression D．description
【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她为面试做了仔细的准备，因为她想给雇主留下好印象。A. influence影响；B. pressure压力；C. impression印象；D. description描述。根据上文"She carefully prepared for the interview"可知，仔细准备是为了留下好印象。故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。
10．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Most high schools hold a sports meeting once a year, which ________ takes a day or two, depending on the size.
A．enormously B．bitterly C．significantly D．typically
【答案】D
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：大多数高中每年举行一次运动会，通常需要一两天的时间，这取决于学校的规模。A. enormously非常；B. bitterly愤怒地；C. significantly显著地；D. typically通常。根据"takes a day or two, depending on the size"可知，此处是指通常需要一两天的时间。故选D。【点评】考查副词辨析。注意：在选择题中，经常会遇到多个副词选项，需要考生根据句子的语境和逻辑关系进行辨析，此时，要注意区分不同副词在意义、用法和语境上的差异。在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的整体语境和逻辑关系，通过语境推断出副词在句子中的正确位置和作用。特别注意句子中的关键词、标点符号和上下文联系，这些信息往往能帮助考生准确判断副词的用法和意义。
11．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The website is ________ twice a day to keep up with the current affairs.
A．detailed B．updated C．illustrated D．contacted
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个网站每天更新两次，以紧跟时事。A. detailed详细说明；B. updated更新；C. illustrated说明；D. contacted联系。根据句意可知，此处为动词updated"更新"，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
12．（2024高一上·深圳期中）________ his hard work, he failed to complete his work on time.
A．In spite B．Regardless C．Although D．Despite
【答案】D
【知识点】常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管他工作很努力，他还是没能按时完成工作。A. In spite尽管（一般用In spite of形式）；B. Regardless不管，不顾（副词）；C. Although尽管（连词）；D. Despite尽管（介词）。根据"his hard work"可知，名词短语前用介词despite。故选D。【点评】考查连词以及介词辨析。注意：句子上下文是判断连词正确性的重要依据。考生需要仔细阅读句子，理解句子之间的逻辑关系，从而推断出应该使用哪个连词。连词在不同句型中的用法可能会有所不同。考生需要掌握连词在简单句、并列句和复合句中的用法，以便在解题时能够准确判断句子的类型和连词的正确用法。
13．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Growing vegetables looks easy, but ________ it takes a lot of learning.
A．mainly B．directly C．actually D．immediately
【答案】C
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：种菜看起来容易，但实际上要学很多。A. mainly主要地；B. directly直接地；C. actually实际上；D. immediately立刻。由转折连词but可知，此处需用副词actually，表示种菜看起来容易，实际上要学的很多。故选C。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意：副词辨析是常见的考点，掌握以下解题技巧可以帮助提高准确率：理解副词的基本功能。修饰动词，表示动作的方式、频率、程度等。修饰形容词或其他副词，加强或减弱程度。修饰整个句子，表达说话者的态度或观点。注意副词的位置。结合语境判断，有些副词在不同语境下含义不同，需根据上下文选择。如果无法直接确定答案，可先排除明显错误的选项，再对比剩余选项的细微差别。
14．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The Chinese people ________ the spring festival with a wide range of events.
A．spend B．observe C．present D．appreciate
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：中国人用各种各样的活动来庆祝春节。A. spend花费；B. observe庆祝；C. present呈现；D. appreciate感激，欣赏。根据句意可知，此处为动词observe"庆祝"，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：在动词词义辨析中，施动者和动作对象的不同往往决定动词的选择。例如，有些动词只能用于人，有些则只能用于物。通过判断施动者和动作对象的类型，可以缩小选择范围。动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词需要宾语，不及物动词则不需要。了解动词的及物性和不及物性，有助于确定动词的正确形式。
15．（2024高一上·深圳期中）—________ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A．Did you call B．Have you called
C．Will you call D．Were you calling
【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时；疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：——你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？——打了，他们很满意。A. Did you call 你打电话了吗？一般过去时，询问过去是否打过电话。B. Have you called 你打过电话了吗？现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响或是否已完成。C. Will you call 你会打电话吗？一般将来时，询问未来是否会打电话。D. Were you calling 你刚才在打电话吗？—过去进行时，询问过去某一时刻是否正在打电话。空处所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去时，故选A。
【点评】考查时态（一般过去时）。注意：在解题时，首先要识别句子中的时间状语，这是判断句子是否应该使用一般过去时的重要依据。常见的表示过去的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）；last week/month/year（上周/月/年）；two days ago（两天前）；in 1998（在1998年）。如果句子中出现了这些时间状语，或者可以通过上下文推断出动作发生在过去，那么就应该考虑使用一般过去时。
16．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The first thing _______ I will do is to buy a gift for my mum on Mother's Day.
A．who B．that C．what D．whose
【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我要做的第一件事是在母亲节给我妈妈买件礼物。A. who，指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。B. that，可指代人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。C. what，不引导定语从句，而是引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句等），相当于the thing(s) that。D. whose，表示所属关系，既可指人也可指物，相当于of whom/which。先行词thing前有序数词修饰，在从句中作宾语，关系代词用that。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意：在解答定语从句的题目中，首先要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
17．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The train that Mr Smith will take ________ at 8:30 and ________ at 8:45.
A．to arrive, leave B．arrives, leaves
C．will arrive, leave D．is arriving, leaving
【答案】B
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：史密斯先生要乘坐的火车8:30到达，8:45离开。空处为主句谓语，表示按规定、计划等时刻表的动作，应用一般现在时。故选B。【点评】考查时态（一般现在时）。注意：首先，要仔细阅读题目和上下文，确定句子描述的是当前状态、经常发生的动作还是普遍真理，从而判断应使用一般现在时。结合语境和上下文。在解题时，始终要结合语境和上下文来理解句子的意思。这有助于准确判断时态、主语与动词的一致性以及动词的正确形式。
18．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Mark ______ home from school _______ he noticed a girl fell off her bike suddenly.
A．walked; while B．was walking; before
C．was walking; when D．walked; since
【答案】C
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：马克放学回家时，突然注意到一个女孩从自行车上摔了下来。表示"某人正在做某事，突然……"句型为sb. be doing sth. when...，结合后文noticed可知应用过去进行时，主语为Mark，谓语动词用单数。故选C。【点评】考查固定句型和时态（过去进行时）。注意：首先，要明确过去进行时的基本结构是"was/were + 现在分词"，表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。解题时要注意寻找题目中表示过去特定时间的时间状语，如at 8 o'clock yesterday, when he arrived, while I was reading等。这些时间提示词往往是判断使用过去进行时的重要依据。其次，当题目中出现两个过去动作时，通常较长的动作用过去进行时，较短的动作或瞬间动作用一般过去时。例如："When the phone rang, I (was watching/watched) TV." 这里应该选择was watching，因为看电视是较长的持续动作。还要注意过去进行时与一般过去时的区别。过去进行时强调动作的持续性和未完成性，而一般过去时只说明动作发生过。最后，在解题时要特别注意主从句时态的搭配。当主句用过去进行时，从句通常用一般过去时，反之亦然。例如："While I (walked/was walking) home, it started to rain." 这里应该选择was walking。
19．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Ever since she started practicing yoga every morning, she ______ a significant improvement in her flexibility.
A．noticed B．has noticed C．had noticed D．would notice
【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：自从她开始每天早上练习瑜伽以来，她注意到自己的柔韧性有了很大的提高。A. noticed注意，一般过去时；B. has noticed已经注意到，现在完成时；C. had noticed已经注意到，过去完成时；D. would notice 将注意到，过去将来时。此处为主句的谓语动词，根据时间状语从句"since she started practicing yoga every morning"可知，此处使用现在完成时，notice与主语she之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应为has noticed。故选B。【点评】考查时态（现在完成时）。注意：首先，要明确现在完成时的基本结构是"have/has + 过去分词"。解题时需要特别关注题目中是否出现标志性的时间状语，如already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recently等。这些时间提示词往往是判断使用现在完成时的重要线索。其次，要理解现在完成时的两个核心用法：一是表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果（已完成用法）；二是表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态（未完成用法）。还要注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时强调与现在的联系，而一般过去时只说明动作发生在过去。在解题时要特别注意某些动词的过去分词形式，特别是不规则动词的变化。
20．（2024高一上·深圳期中）He ________ in a minute. I will call you as soon as I ________ him.
A．is arriving; meet B．is to arrive; am meeting
C．is going to arrive; am to meet D．is about to arrive; will meet
【答案】A
【知识点】现在进行时；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：他马上就到。我一见到他就给你打电话。分析句子结构可知，当表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，需用现在进行时代替一般将来时，表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词，arrive为转移动词，所以一空处应是现在进行时，二空处所在句子为as soon as引导的条件状语从句，需遵循主将从现，也就是主句用将来时，从句一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以二空处用一般现在时。故选A。【点评】考查时态（现在进行时表将来以及主将从现）。注意：首先，要明确"主将从现"的基本概念：当主句使用一般将来时（will/shall + 动词原形）时，时间或条件状语从句通常使用一般现在时表示将来。这是英语中一个重要的时态呼应规则。解题时需要特别注意题目中是否包含if, when, as soon as, until, before, after等引导的条件或时间状语从句。其次，要区分真实条件句和虚拟条件句。"主将从现"只适用于真实条件句（即可能实现的假设）。要注意主句和从句的时态搭配。即使主句是祈使句或含有情态动词，从句仍然要用一般现在时。最后，在解题时要警惕一些干扰项，特别是当从句中出现表示将来的时间状语时，仍然要保持一般现在时。
21．（2024高一上·深圳期中）—Ann is in hospital.
—Oh, really I ________ know. I ________ go and visit her.
A．didn't; am going to B．don't; would
C．don't; will D．didn't; will
【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：—Ann住院了。—真的吗？我不知道啊。我要去看她。根据句意，"不知道她住院"是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时；"我要去看她"是将来要发生的事情，而且是临时决定做的事情，应使用will表将来。故选D。
【点评】考查时态（一般过去时和一般将来时）。注意：首先，要明确一般将来时的基本结构是"will/shall + 动词原形"或"be going to + 动词原形"。解题时需要特别关注题目中是否出现表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow, next week, in the future等。这些时间提示词是判断使用一般将来时的重要依据。其次，要理解不同表达方式的区别："will"常用于表示未经事先考虑的即时决定或客观预测，而"be going to"则多用于表示事先计划好的意图或有迹象表明将要发生的事情。要注意一般将来时与其他将来表达方式的区别。现在进行时也可以表示将来，但通常用于安排好的近期计划；一般现在时表示将来时，主要用于按时间表或日程安排发生的事件。在解题时要特别注意一些特殊用法：在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来（即"主将从现"规则）；在表示"意愿"时常用will；在表示"计划"时常用be going to。同时要掌握shall用于第一人称的用法，特别是在正式文体或征求意见的语境中。
22．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The photo album reminded me of the things and people ______ had left a deep impression on me when I was in Junior High School.
A．which B．who C．whom D．that
【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这本相册让我想起了初中时给我留下深刻印象的人和事。在英语定语从句中，关系词的选择取决于先行词的性质及其在从句中的语法功能。以下是四个关系词的核心用法解析：A. which指代物或动物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. who，指代人，在从句中作主语（口语中也可作宾语）；C. whom，指代人（who的宾格形式），在从句中仅作宾语；D. that，指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the things and people，当先行词即有人又有物时，只能用that引导。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句。注意：识别先行词，先行词是定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。在题目中，首先要确定哪个名词或代词被定语从句所修饰。理解关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中起连接作用，同时指代先行词，使从句在语法和意义上与主句相连。熟悉关系词的用法。确定从句中缺少的成分，分析定语从句，确定从句中缺少主语、宾语、定语还是状语。这有助于选择合适的关系词。注意从句的完整性，确保所选关系词能使从句在语法和意义上保持完整。根据定语从句的语法规则，排除那些不符合题意的选项。结合语境进行判断，有时，题目中的语境可以帮助你确定正确的关系词。例如，当先行词指人时，可以优先考虑who或whom；当先行词指物时，可以考虑which或that。确保所选关系词在语法上是正确的，且能使从句与主句在语法和意义上保持一致。再次阅读题目和所选答案，确保定语从句在语法和意义上都是完整的。
23．（2024高一上·深圳期中）It ________ three years since I________ him in Shenzhen and now we totally lose track of each other.
A．has been, has met B．is, has met
C．was, met D．has been, met
【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：自从我在深圳见到他以来已经三年了，现在我们完全失去了联系。 "It has been…since…"为固定句型，表示"自从……以来已经多久了"，所以第一个空应该填"has been"；由于"since"引导的从句表示的是从过去某一时间点开始的时间段，所以从句中的动词应该用过去时。故选D。【点评】考查时态（现在完成时以及一般过去时）。注意：首先，要明确一般过去时的基本结构是"动词过去式"。解题时需要特别关注题目中是否出现表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday, last week, in 1990, ago等。这些时间提示词是判断使用一般过去时的重要依据。同时要注意不规则动词的过去式变化，这是考试常考的重点。其次，要理解一般过去时的核心用法：表示在过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。解题时要特别注意语境中是否有明确的过去时间参照点。要注意一般过去时与现在完成时的区别。一般过去时只说明动作发生在过去，与现在无关；而现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响或持续到现在。最后，在解题时要特别注意动词的时态一致性。当主句是过去时，从句通常也要用相应的过去时态。同时要注意否定句和疑问句中助动词did的用法，以及动词要还原为原形。
24．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Yuan Longping is one of the most famous Chinese scientists_______name is known all over the world.
A．whose B．that C．where D．whom
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一，他的名字全世界都知道。在英语定语从句中，关系词的选择取决于先行词的性质及其在从句中的语法功能。以下是四个关系词的核心用法解析：A. whose 所有格关系词，表示所属关系，既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语，后接名词，相当于"of whom"（指人）或"of which"（指物）；B. that，可指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；C. where，关系副词，专指地点，在从句中作地点状语；D. whom，专指人，在从句中作宾语（动词宾语或介词宾语）。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词one of the most famous Chinese scientists与空后的name之间为所属关系，所以此处应使用关系代词whose作定语。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意：理解定语从句的构成和用法是解题的基础。定语从句通常由关系词引导，关系词在从句中充当成分，并在一定程度上体现先行词和从句之间的逻辑关系。关系词是定语从句的核心，根据先行词（被修饰的词）的类型和从句的完整性，选择合适的关系词。先行词是定语从句修饰的对象，通常位于从句之前。在解题时，要先找到先行词，再根据其类型和从句的完整性选择合适的关系词。从句的完整性也是选择关系词的重要依据。基于五大基本句型，如果从句缺少必要成分（如主语、谓语等），则为不完整；如果缺少非必要成分（如定语、状语等），则为完整。在解题时，还要结合语境和题目要求进行分析。有时题目会给出一些暗示信息或特定要求，需要根据这些信息或要求进行调整。在考试中，定语从句题目可能会设置一些陷阱和干扰项。例如，可能会使用易混淆的关系词或给出多个选项进行干扰。因此，在解题时要保持清醒的头脑，仔细分析每个选项，避免被陷阱和干扰项所迷惑。
25．（2024高一上·深圳期中）When I was at college I ______ three foreign languages, but I ______ all except for a few words of each.
A．spoke; had forgotten B．had spoken; had forgotten
C．spoke; have forgotten D．had spoken; have forgotten
【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我在大学的时候，我会说三门外语，但现在除了每种语言的几个单词外，我都忘记了。根据时间状语"When I was at college"可知，此处讲述的是在上大学时候的事情，所以使用一般过去时，speak的过去式为spoke；结合语境可知，第二空讲述的是现在的结果，所以，此处应使用现在完成时。故选C。【点评】考查时态（一般过去时以及现在完成时）。
二、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A
（2024高一上·深圳期中） Talylyn Driver Experiences are EXCLUSIVE — the whole trip is yours!
You blow the whistle, release the brakes and open the regulator, a hiss of steam and the train starts to move — the start of the journey and the start of an experience of a lifetime.
Driver Experience: 600
Driver Experience Overview:
The small size of our narrow gauge locos (火车头) means that only one visitor can be on the loco at a time, so our Driver Experience trains really are EXCLUSIVE — the whole trip is yours, only carrying your guests.
During the breaks it will be possible to discuss the history of the line, its operation and is continued development — the questions are yours to ask.
Driver Experience Booking Information:
The cost of up to 3 guests accompanying the driver travelling on the train is included in the package. Any further guests (up to a maximum of 15) may enjoy the trip at a price of 10 each.
As the railway is operated by volunteers, please give us at least 4 weeks' notice of your preferred date to ensure that we have a volunteer crew available for the event.
Other Requirements:
A simple Medical Questionnaire will need to be satisfactorily completed. Good evesight (with glasses if required) and hearing are obviously important, as is the ability to climb into and out of the cab. We regret that these Experiences are not suitable for disabled persons.
If you are interested and would like further information, please click here to contact us or emailde@talyllyn.co.uk.
26．What feature is included in Talyllyn Driver Experience
A．Tailored activities for disabled visitors.
B．Lectures on the development of the line.
C．A range of train sizes for participants.
D．A hands-on train driving opportunity.
27．What is the minimum cost for 18 guests and a driver to enjoy a Driver Experience trip
A． 600. B． 710. C． 750. D． 780.
28．Which is a requirement for those going for the Experience
A．Volunteering to drive.
B．Making a reservation beforehand.
C．Taking a physical check.
D．Learning the history of the train line.
【答案】26．D
27．C
28．B
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个火车驾驶体验项目。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题以及数字计算题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做数字计算题时，通读题干，需要仔细阅读题目，明确题目要求计算的具体内容，如时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等。 再定位关键词，根据题干中的关键词，在文章中迅速定位到与之相关的数据。 再根据题目要求，选择合适的计算方法（加、减、乘、除）。注意，有时可能需要进行多步计算。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段"You blow the whistle, release the brakes and open the regulator, a hiss of steam and the train starts to move — the start of the journey and the start of an experience of a lifetime. (你吹响哨子，松开刹车，打开调节器，伴随着蒸汽的嘶嘶声，火车开始行驶——这是旅程的开始，也是一生一次的体验的开始。)"以及第一部分的第一段"The small size of our narrow gauge locos (火车头) means that only one visitor can be on the loco at a time, so our Driver Experience trains really are EXCLUSIVE — the whole trip is yours... (我们窄轨火车头的较小体型意味着一次只能有一位游客上车，所以我们的Driver Experience火车真的是独一无二的——整个旅程都是你的……)" 这两段描述了参与者有机会亲自进行火车的启动操作，并且整个旅程是专属于参与者的，可以推断出包含"亲自驾驶火车的机会"。故选D。
27．数字计算题。根据文章第二段"Driver Experience: 600（司机体验：600英镑）"和第一部分第四段"The cost of up to 3 guests accompanying the driver travelling on the train is included in the package. Any further guests (up to a maximum of 15) may enjoy the trip at a price of 10 each. ( 最多3名客人可与司机随行，客人费用已包含在套餐中。 最多可再加入15名客人，每人可以10英镑的价格享受此趟旅程。)"，司机费用（ 600）加上15名额外客人的费用（每人 10, 15人共 150），总费用为 750。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第一部分第五段"As the railway is operated by volunteers, please give us at least 4 weeks' notice of your preferred date to ensure that we have a volunteer crew available for the event. (由于铁路是由志愿者运营的，请至少提前4周通知我们您的首选日期，以确保我们有志愿者团队可以参加活动。)"可知，选项B"提前预定"是参加这个体验要满足的要求。故选B。
三、B
（2024高一上·深圳期中）Class is in session , and Olivia Munn's 22-month-old son Malcolm is a star student! The mother shared a new video of herself teaching her son Mandarin (普通话) before bed, and henailed it!
"Chinese lessons," she wrote over a video of her and Malcolm reading a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom to read the book with her. As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. You can even hear someone say "Aww!" in the background , which was likely Malcolm's dad John Mulaney. Malcolm seemed so proud of himself,and he was so cute!
In her caption (字幕), Munn explained that the book was a gift from comedian Ali Wong."Thank you @aliwong for our First 100 Mandarin Words book! Malcolm loves it!" she said.
This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, "The love!!" Whitney Cummings commented, "My heart." "Growing up multilingual (多语种的) is a magical gift," one person said, "I'll always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us & giving us lessons." Another person commented, "I love this family so much and it's definitely the cutest family I've ever seen."
The mother often introduces Malcolm to parts of his Asian root. They make noodles for the Lunar New Year, and she's taken him shopping at an Asian market called H Mart. Now he's learning how to speak Mandarin , and it's so adorable.
In her latest video, Munn is reading My First Mandarin Words with Gordon & Li Li, written by Michele Wong. The official Gordon and Li Li account commented, "This is the sweetest! We're so happy your little guy is having FUN learning Mandarin with Gordon & Li Li! Big thanks to @aliwong for sharing the Mandarin love!"
29．What does the underlined phrase"nailed it"probably mean
A．Got a rich reward. B．Hit the nail hard.
C．Messed things up. D．Did a fantastic job.
30．The second paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．a bedtime story B．an interactive scene
C．an amusing dad D．a reading competition
31．What can we learn about the video from paragraph 4
A．It is well received.
B．It is full of imagination.
C．It changes the way of parenting.
D．It inspires people to learn language.
32．Why is Malcolm exposed to Asian culture
A．To learn how to shop. B．To get to know his origin.
C．To prepare for an Asian trip. D．To develop his independence.
【答案】29．D
30．B
31．A
32．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；段落大意；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥利维亚·穆恩教她的儿子学习普通话的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和段落大意题三种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
29．词义猜测题。根据前文"The mother shared a new video of herself teaching her son Mandarin (普通话) before bed(这位母亲分享了一段自己睡前教儿子普通话的新视频)"和第二段"As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. (当恩说出普通话的单词时,宝宝用最可爱的小声音把它重复了一遍,然后给了妈妈一个微笑和一个拥抱。)"可知，她的儿子学习普通话学得很好，说明划线词的意思是"做得非常好"。故选D。
30．段落大意题。根据第二段""Chinese lessons ," she wrote over a video of her and Malcolm reading a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom to read the book with her. As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. You can even hear someone say "Aww!" in the background , which was likely Malcolm's dad John Mulaney. Malcolm seemed so proud of himself, and he was so cute! ("语文课,"她在一段她和马尔科姆睡前看书的视频上写道。马尔科姆站在他妈妈旁边和她一起看书。当穆恩说出这个普通话单词时，宝宝用最可爱的声音重复了一遍,然后微笑着拥抱了妈妈。你甚至可以听到有人说"Aww!"在背景中，很可能是马尔科姆的父亲约翰·木兰尼。马尔科姆看起来很自豪，他很可爱!)"可知，第二段主要告诉我们一个宝宝和妈妈学习普通话的互动场景，故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段"This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, "The love!!" Whitney Cummings commented, "My heart." "Growing up multilingual (多语种的)is a magical gift," one person said, " I'll always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us & giving us lessons." Another person commented, "I love this family so much and it's definitely the cutest family I've ever seen." (这段视频在网上疯传。女演员梅兰妮·林斯基评论道, "爱!!"惠特妮·卡明评论道，"我的心。""能说多种语言的成长是一份神奇的礼物，"一个人说，"我将永远感激我的母亲坚持给我们讲阿拉伯语&给我们上课。"另一个人评论道，"我太爱这个家庭了,这绝对是我见过的最可爱的家庭。")"可知,这个视频获得很多赞美，很受欢迎,故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"The mother often introduces Malcolm to parts of his Asian root. They make noodles for the Lunar New Year, and she's taken him shopping at an Asian market called H Mart. Now he's learning how to speak Mandarin , and it's so adorable.(这位母亲经常向马尔科姆介绍他的亚洲血统。他们为农历新年做面条,她带他去一个叫HMart的亚洲市场购物。现在他正在学习说普通话,这太可爱了。)"可知，马尔科姆通过接触亚洲文化来了解自己的出身。故选B。
四、C
（2024高一上·深圳期中）In the world of insects, few are as interesting or as misunderstood as cicadas (蝉). Known for their deafening songs and long life cycles, cicadas have attracted people for centuries.
Some species, known as periodical cicadas, spend 13 or 17 years under-ground as nymphs (蛹), feeding on tree roots and slowly growing. After this young period, they come up from the ground in large numbers, change into their adult form, mate, lay eggs, and then die, all within a few weeks.
However, this periodicity is not present in all cicada species. Annual cicadas, which are more common and widespread, have life cycles that last 2 to 5 years. These cicadas appear every year because their life cycles are crossed, creating the impression that they are yearly.
During their growth, cicada nymphs create air passages in the soil and contribute to nutrient cycling (养分循环) by feeding on water from trees and producing rich nutrients. Their mass presence provides a significant food source for a wide range of enemies, and the sudden death of adult cicadas passes nutrients to the soil, supporting plant growth. On the other hand, cicadas' feeding on tree roots during their nymph stage can lead to great damage to young trees, and the adults can also cause obvious though usually short-term, damage to plants.
Some people see cicadas as a thing annoying while others see them as a wonder of nature. Despite their alarming appearance and number, cicadas are harmless to humans. In fact, cicadas have appeared in literature around the world as symbols of rebirth, thanks to their long life and dramatic appearance from the ground. In some cultures, cicadas are even collected as pets or food, valued for their nutritional content.
Nowadays, scientists are still learning about cicadas' behavior and the exact environmental elements that result in their presence. Climate change brings new questions and threats, as changing temperatures may affect cicada life cycles and living places. Cicadas really have much to teach us about the amazing existence of life.
33．What do we know about periodical cicadas
A．They mate with the same cicada species.
B．They have a relatively long nymph life.
C．They hardly eat during the nymph period.
D．They struggle to change into the adult form.
34．What is people's misunderstanding of annual cicadas
A．They have a large population. B．They eat a single type of food.
C．They have a one-year life cycle. D．They leave out key life stages.
35．How can we best describe cicadas' influence on the natural environment
A．Long-lasting B．Unnoticeable. C．Limited. D．Two-sided.
36．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about
A．Cicadas' importance to nature.
B．Cicadas' connection with humans.
C．Humans' worries over cicadas.
D．Humans' interest in insect behavior.
【答案】33．B
34．C
35．D
36．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蝉这种昆虫的特性和人们对它的误解。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和段落大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段"Some species, known as periodical cicadas, spend 13 or 17 years under-ground as nymphs (蛹), feeding on tree roots and slowly growing.(有些种类的蝉，被称为周期性蝉，会在地下以蛹的形式度过13或17年，以树根为食并缓慢生长。)"可知，周期性蝉的蛹期相对较长。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段"These cicadas appear every year because their life cycles are crossed, creating the impression that they are yearly.(这些蝉每年都会出现，因为它们的生命周期是交叉的，给人造成了它们是一年生的印象。)"可知，一年生蝉并不是真正的一年一个生命周期，而是由于它们的生命周期交叉，每年都会出现，从而给人造成了一年一个生命周期的误解。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据第四段"During their growth, cicada nymphs create air passages in the soil and contribute to nutrient cycling (养分循环) by feeding on water from trees and producing rich nutrients...On the other hand, cicadas' feeding on tree roots during their nymph stage can lead to great damage to young trees, and the adults can also cause obvious though usually short-term, damage to plants.(在生长过程中，蝉的若虫会在土壤中创造空气通道，并通过吸食树木的水分和产生丰富的营养物质来促进养分循环。……另一方面，蝉在若虫阶段吸食树根可能会对幼树造成严重损害，而成虫也可能对植物造成明显的（尽管通常是短期的）损害。)"可知，蝉对自然环境的影响既有积极的一面（如促进养分循环），也有消极的一面（如损害树木和植物）。因此选项D"两面的"最能描述蝉对自然环境的影响。故选D。
36．段落大意题。根据第五段"Some people see cicadas as a thing annoying while others see them as a wonder of nature...In some cultures, cicadas are even collected as pets or food, valued for their nutritional content.(有些人认为蝉很讨厌，而有些人则认为它们是自然的奇迹。……在一些文化中，蝉甚至被收集作为宠物或食物，因其营养价值而受到重视。)"可知，第五段主要讲述了人们对蝉的不同看法以及蝉与人类的关系（如作为宠物或食物）。因此选项B"蝉与人类的联系"最能概括该段的主要内容。"故选B。
五、D
（2024高一上·深圳期中）You are what you eat and what you eat may be encoded in your DNA. Studies have indicated that your genes play a role in determining the foods you find delicious or disgusting. But exactly how big a role they play has been difficult to figure out. "Everything has a genetic component even if it's small," says Joanne Cole, a geneticist at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. "We know that there is some genetic contribution to why we eat the foods we eat. Can we take the next step and actually locate the regions in the genome (基因) "
New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a large-scale genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome regions that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition's annual conference.
The team based the new study on a 2020 Nature Communications study by Cole and her colleagues that used data from the U. K. Biobank, a public database of the genetic and health information of 500,000 participants. By scanning genomes, the new analysis was able to identify 194 regions associated with dietary patterns and 287 linked to specific foods such as fruit, cheese, fish, tea and alcohol. Further understanding how genetics impact how we eat could reveal differences in nutritional needs or disease risks.
"One of the problems with a lot of these genomics studies is that they're very small. They don't have enough people to really be able to identify genes in ways that are credible. This study had a huge group of people, so it's really powerful." says Monica Dus, a geneticist at the University of Michigan. "The other thing that I thought was really great is that there are so many different features that they're measuring related to diet including cholesterol (胆固醇), the body and socioeconomic backgrounds." As the research advances, Dus says, such genome analysis could potentially assist health care providers and even policymakers to address larger issues that affect food access and health.
It's definitely true that it may contribute to making sure there aren't food deserts-areas which have limited access to fresh, healthy and affordable food or to making sure that there's a higher minimum wage so that everyone can afford to eat, although the journey ahead remains lengthy and challenging.
37．How did researchers conduct the present study
A．By involving a substantial number of participants.
B．By building on a previous study with a large-scale data.
C．By directly analyzing the data from a public database.
D．By identifying genome regions associated with dietary patterns.
38．Which statement will Monica Dus probably agree with
A．Powerful participants were involved in the current study.
B．The methods employed for the previous studies were credible.
C．The genome analyses have helped address larger social issues.
D．Various features linked to diet were considered in the present study.
39．What is the text mainly about
A．The identification of diet-related genome regions.
B．The contribution of genes to diet patterns and food preferences.
C．The benefits of latest large-scale diet-related genome analyses.
D．The significance of a newly published diet-related genome discovery.
40．Which one might the passage come from
A．Food & Delights B．Scientific American
C．Medicine World D．The Wall Street Journal
【答案】37．B
38．D
39．A
40．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了基因对饮食习惯和食物偏好的影响，特别是通过一项新的大规模基因组分析，科学家们发现了与饮食习惯和特定食物偏好直接相关的基因组区域。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段"The team based the new study on a 2020 Nature Communications study by Cole and her colleagues that used data from the U. K. Biobank, a public database of the genetic and health information of 500,000 participants.(研究团队基于2020年Cole及其同事在《自然通讯》上发表的一项研究，该研究使用了来自英国生物样本库的数据，该库是一个包含50万名参与者的遗传和健康信息的公共数据库)"可知，研究者是基于之前的一个大规模数据研究来进行本次研究的。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据第四段""The other thing that I thought was really great is that there are so many different features that they're measuring related to diet including cholesterol, the body and socioeconomic backgrounds."("我认为另一件非常棒的事情是，他们测量了与饮食相关的许多不同特征，包括胆固醇、身体和社会经济背景。")"可知，Monica Dus认为本研究考虑了与饮食相关的多种特征。故选D。
39．主旨大意题。根据第二段"New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a large-scale genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome regions that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition's annual conference.(科尔领导的一项新研究离这个目标又近了一步。通过大规模的基因组分析，她的团队已经确定了481个基因组区域，这些区域与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关。这些尚未经过同行评议的研究结果在上个月的美国营养学会年会上发表)"可知，文章主要介绍了一项确定饮食相关基因组区域的研究。故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段"We know that there is some genetic contribution to why we eat the foods we eat. Can we take the next step and actually locate the regions in the genome (基因) (我们知道我们为什么吃我们吃的食物有一些遗传因素。我们能更进一步，定位基因组中的区域吗 )"和第二段"New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a large-scale genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome regions that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition's annual conference.(科尔领导的一项新研究离这个目标又近了一步。通过大规模的基因组分析，她的团队已经确定了481个基因组区域，这些区域与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关。这些尚未经过同行评议的研究结果在上个月的美国营养学会年会上发表)"可知，文章主要介绍了一项确定饮食相关基因组区域的研究，该研究确定了与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关的481个基因组区域。文章与科学研究相关，所以可能出自杂志《科学美国人》。故选B。
六、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024高一上·深圳期中）Here are the don'ts and do's of showing your support for your friends when they're having a hard time.
　41． 　 There are two problematic kinds of helpers: enthusiasts and fretters. Enthusiasts tend to push their advice — to insist on fixing or overcoming the problem. Fretters are so worried about their friend's challenges that they are constantly concerned about whether they are doing enough to help. Try to keep those behaviors in check. No one should have to manage you when they're going through a tragedy.
Don't minimize the pain and stay away from statistics. For example, if a friend failed the college exam, don't tell him that 70% of students end in failure. Remember that it doesn't mean less pain just because it happens to a lot of people.　42． 　
Keep the focus on your friends. When your friends are talking to you, it's easy for you to share a similar story in effort to relate and connect.　43． 　 They might feel that you've made their pain about you. If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them, let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment.
Showing up isn't a one-time thing Remember that grief (悲伤) is so complex and your friends might go through several stages of sorrow.　44． 　 It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.
Ask your friends how you can best help.　45． 　 Just ask.
A. Don't let them stay alone.
B. But it's not always welcome.
C. Try not to be over-enthusiastic or over-worried.
D. Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support.
E. Share it with them immediately to show them they are not alone.
F. You don't need to automatically know what kind of help they want.
G. Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they're going through.
【答案】41．C；42．G；43．B；44．D；45．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述当你的朋友遇到困难时，向他们表示支持的注意事项。备选项的中文意思：A. 别让他们独自待着。
B. 但这并不总是受欢迎的。
C. 尽量不要过于热情或过度担忧。
D. 与他们保持联系，看看他们是否需要你的支持。
E. 立即与他们分享这件事，让他们知道他们并不孤单。
F. 你不必本能地知道他们想要什么样的帮助。
G. 相反，要与你的朋友一同感受他们正在经历的重大事件。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
41．设空处位于本段句首，概括本段，由下文"There are two problematic kinds of helpers: enthusiasts and fretters. Enthusiasts tend to push their advice--to insist on fixing or overcoming the problem. Fretters are so worried about their friend's challenges that they are constantly concerned about whether they are doing enough to help. Try to keep those behaviors in check. No one should have to manage you when they're going through a tragedy.( 有两种有问题的帮助者：热心者和烦躁者。狂热者倾向于推销他们的建议——坚持解决或克服问题。烦躁的人非常担心他们朋友的挑战，他们经常担心自己是否做得足够帮助他们。试着控制这些行为。没有人应该在他们经历悲剧的时候管理你。)"可知，要尽量控制成为狂热者和烦躁者。C项：Try not to be over-enthusiastic or over-worried. (试着不要过于热情或过于担心。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中over-enthusiastic or over-worried与下文enthusiasts and fretters对应。故选C项。
42．由上文"Don't minimize the pain and stay away from statistics. For example, if a friend failed the college exam, don't tell him that 70% of students end in failure. Remember that it doesn't mean less pain just because it happens to a lot of people. (不要把痛苦降到最低，远离统计数据。例如，如果一个朋友大学考试不及格，不要告诉他70%的学生以失败告终。记住，这并不意味着疼痛减轻，因为它发生在很多人身上。)"可知，这里主要讲不要用数据来把朋友的痛苦降到最低并表明应该如何做。G项：Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they're going through. (相反，和你的朋友一起感受他们正在经历的巨大事件)符合语境，有承上作用。故选G项。
43．根据上句"When your friends are talking to you, it's easy for you to share a similar story in effort to relate and connect. (当你的朋友和你说话时，你很容易分享一个相似的故事，努力建立联系。)"可知，设空处承接上句，说明朋友对这样的做法的态度，B项：But it's not always welcome.(但它并不总是受欢迎的。)符合语境。故选B项。
44．由下文"It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.(如果你的朋友知道你一直在想他们，那意义重大。)"可知，设空处应为我们应一直关注朋友，D项：Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support. (与他们保持联系，看看他们是否需要你的支持。)符合语境，其中Keep in touch with them与下文 thinking about them all the time对应，有启下作用。故选D项。
45．由上文"Ask your friends how you can best help. (问问你的朋友你能帮上什么忙)"可知，这里指要主动问朋友可以帮什么忙，设空处承接上句说明应该主动的去询问，F项：You don't need to automatically know what kind of help they want. (你不需要自动知道他们需要什么样的帮助)符合语境，有承上启下作用，其中help与上文对应。故选F项。
七、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024高一上·深圳期中）After a whole day's football practice with her three kids, Brittany felt worn out and decided to grab dinner from McDonald's.
Wyatt was a teenager working at McDonald's who took Brittany's 46． . As Brittany pulled up to the drive-through window to 47． , her 4-year-old son began crying and the other two soon 48． , almost driving Brittany mad. And that was when it 49． Brittany that she'd left her purse at home.
"I wanted to cry," Brittany recalled. "I looked at the young man with 50． eyes and said, ‘I'm so sorry but I have to 51． the order.'"
52． , Wyatt pulled out his wallet, swiped (刷) his card and paid for the 53． mom's meal.
Wyatt probably couldn't make much money from his job. Yet, he firmly 54． Brittany's promises to pay him back later, 55． saying that it was no big deal.
Brittany was so grateful that she was determined to 56． Wyatt's kindness in a big way! She discovered that Wyatt was saving up for a vehicle, so she shared the story on social media and started a 57． campaign to help him realize his dream.
Strangers from all over the country were inspired by the young man and 58． poured in. Before long, Brittany collected over $ 40,000! She was shocked. "I honestly didn't expect such an incredible 59． ! Wyatt will now have enough money to buy a car and even start saving for college. So when you put 60． out in the world, it comes back to you more than you expect."
46．A．opportunity B．order C．position D．advice
47．A．pay B．rest C．eat D．explain
48．A．stood out B．broke down C．cooled down D．joined in
49．A．hit B．attacked C．reminded D．touched
50．A．curious B．cold C．tearful D．sharp
51．A．place B．cancel C．refuse D．change
52．A．Deep down B．Out of respect
C．Without hesitation D．By accident
53．A．responsible B．relieved C．elegant D．stressed
54．A．declined B．accepted C．considered D．appreciated
55．A．proudly B．humbly C．impatiently D．vividly
56．A．deserve B．express C．reward D．spread
57．A．brain-washing B．energy-consuming
C．time-saving D．fund-raising
58．A．letters B．supplies C．donations D．complaints
59．A．experience B．response C．arrangement D．behavior
60．A．good B．hope C．honesty D．passion
【答案】46．B；47．A；48．D；49．A；50．C；51．B；52．C；53．D；54．A；55．B；56．C；57．D；58．C；59．B；60．A
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一个母亲Brittany在买麦当劳是遇到了困难，麦当劳员工Wyatt施以援手。最后Brittany在网上发起募捐，为Wyatt筹集车款的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
46．句意：Wyatt是一个在麦当劳工作的青少年，他接受了Brittany的订单。A. opportunity机会；B. order点单；C. position职位；D. advice建议。根据上文"decided to grab dinner from McDonald's"可知，Brittany一家准备在麦当劳吃晚饭，所以需要进行点单。故选B。
47．句意：当Brittany把车开到车窗前付钱时，她4岁的儿子开始哭了，另外两个孩子也很快加入了进来，几乎把Brittany逼疯了。A. pay支付；B. rest休息；C. eat吃；D. explain解释。根据上文"who took Brittany's ___1___"可知，Brittany点完单后需要付款。故选A。
48．句意：当Brittany把车开到车窗前付钱时，她4岁的儿子开始哭了，另外两个孩子也很快加入了进来，几乎把Brittany逼疯了。A. stood out突出；B. broke down抛锚；C. cooled down冷静；D. joined in加入。根据上文"her 4-year-old son began crying"可知，Brittany四岁的儿子开始哭后，她的其他孩子也跟着哭了起来。故选D。
49．句意：就在那时，Brittany突然意识到她把钱包忘在家里了。A. hit敲打；B. attacked袭击；C. reminded提醒；D. touched触碰。固定句型it hit sb. that……译为"某人突然想到……"。故选A。
50．句意："我想哭，" Brittany回忆道。"我泪眼汪汪地看着那个年轻人，说：‘很抱歉，我不得不取消订单。'"A. curious好奇的；B. cold寒冷的；C. tearful眼泪汪汪的；D. sharp尖锐的。根据上文"I wanted to cry"可知，Brittany很想哭，所以她当时眼泪汪汪的看着那个人。故选C。
51．句意："我想哭，" Brittany回忆道。"我泪眼汪汪地看着那个年轻人，说：‘很抱歉，我不得不取消订单。'"A. place放置；B. cancel取消；C. refuse拒绝；D. change改变。根据上文"she'd left her purse at home"可知，Brittany没带钱包，所以她不得不取消订单。故选B。
52．句意：Wyatt毫不犹豫地掏出钱包，刷卡，为那位倍感压力的母亲支付了饭钱。A. Deep down在内心深处；B. Out of respect失去尊重；C. Without hesitation毫不犹豫；D. By accident偶然。根据下文"Wyatt pulled out his wallet, swiped his card"可知，Wyatt没有丝毫犹豫就立刻取出了钱包帮助Brittany付了钱。故选C。
53．句意：Wyatt毫不犹豫地掏出钱包，刷卡，为那位倍感压力的母亲支付了饭钱。A. responsible负责任的；B. relieved感到宽慰的；C. elegant优雅的；D. stressed有压力的。根据上文可知，Brittany的三个孩子一起哭闹，同时也没有带钱包来支付饭钱，所以Brittany当时倍感压力。故选D。
54．句意：然而，他坚定地拒绝了Brittany要还钱的承诺，并谦虚地说这没什么大不了的。A. declined拒绝；B. accepted接受；C. considered考虑；D. appreciated感激。根据下文"it was no big deal"可知，Wyatt觉得这是一件小事，不需要Brittany还钱，所以他拒绝了Brittany的承诺。故选A。
55．句意：然而，他坚定地拒绝了Brittany要还钱的承诺，并谦虚地说这没什么大不了的。A. proudly自豪地；B. humbly谦虚地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. vividly生机勃勃地。根据下文"it was no big deal"，可知Wyatt觉得这是一件小事，由此可知他的态度非常谦虚。故选B。
56．句意：Brittany非常感激，所以她决心大大地报答Wyatt的好意！A. deserve应得；B. express表达；C. reward回报；D. spread传播。根据上文可知，Wyatt帮助了处于麻烦之中的Brittany，所以Brittany决定回报Wyatt。故选C。
57．句意：她发现Wyatt正在攒钱买一辆车，于是她在社交媒体上分享了这个故事，并发起了一个募捐活动，帮助他实现自己的梦想。A. brain-washing洗脑的；B. energy-consuming能量消耗的；C. time-saving省时的；D. fund-raising筹集资金的。根据上文"Wyatt was saving up for a vehicle"可知，Wyatt买车差钱，所以Brittany组织了为Wyatt筹钱的活动。故选D。
58．句意：来自全国各地的陌生人受到这个年轻人的鼓舞，捐款源源不断。A. letters信件；B. supplies供应；C. donations捐赠；D. complaints抱怨。根据上文"started a ___12___ campaign to help him realize his dream"可知，Brittany为Wyatt组织了捐款，所以在听到这个故事后，大家都纷纷捐款帮助Wyatt实现梦想。故选C。
59．句意：我真没想到会有这么不可思议的回应！A. experience经历；B. response回应；C. arrangement安排；D. behavior行为。根据上文"Before long, Brittany collected over $ 40,000! She was shocked."可知，大家积极响应Brittany的捐款活动，所以对于Brittany而言这是一次难以置信的回应。故选B。
60．句意：所以当你把好的东西放在世界上时，它会比你预期的更多地回到你身边。A. good好处；B. hope希望；C. honesty诚实；D. passion激情。根据下文"it comes back to you more than you expect"以及结合全文可知，Wyatt做了好事，最后收获了比预期更多的东西。故选A。
八、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高一上·深圳期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen,　61． 　 speaks different languages with foreigners while working at a scenic spot selling water, postcards and headdress flowers, have brought her instant fame.
Xu's village　62． 　 (locate) at the base of Moon Hill, a popular tourist destination in Yangsuo, Guangxi, which is famed for a moon-shaped hole at the summit. She has been working as　63． 　 tour guide and vendor in Yangshuo, a county and resort and town in Guangxi.
Xu, who dropped out of junior school in the third grade, began to learn different languages to attract more foreign customers. Xu said she would change words in any language into Chinese characters　64． 　 (base) on their pronunciation and then memorize them. Repeating them in her head before going to bed and　65． 　 (immediate) after waking up has given her fluency in basic conversations with foreigners.
Over the past two decades, Xu　66． 　 (teach) herself 11 foreign languages, including English, Spanish, Japanese and Korean. In addition to　67． 　 (make) her incredibly popular, her linguistic prowess has made it easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists. Xu has also become one of the busiest tour　68． 　 (guide) in Yangsuo. Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors, who come to meet the multilingual guide out of　69． 　 (admire). "More and more foreign tourists are coming to Yangsuo, and I hope they will feel　70． 　 home here with my help," she said.
【答案】61．who；62．is located；63．a；64．based；65．immediately；66．has taught；67．making；68．guides；69．admiration；70．at
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时；非限制性定语从句；新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文（新闻报道），主要讲述了77岁的徐秀珍因在景区能与外国人用不同语言交流而迅速走红的故事。【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及定语从句，时态，语态，主谓一致，冠词，非谓语动词，副词，名词以及介词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
61．句意：77岁的徐秀珍在景区卖水、明信片和头饰花时能与外国人用不同语言交流的视频，让她迅速走红。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Xu Xiuzhen，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
62．句意：徐秀珍的村庄位于广西阳朔著名的旅游胜地月亮山脚下，这座山因山顶有一个月亮形状的洞而闻名。 locate，找出……的准确位置/使坐落于/确定……的位置，动词。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语Xu's village和locate为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is located。
63．句意：她一直在广西阳朔县（一个兼具度假胜地功能的城镇）担任导游和商贩的工作。guide为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且tour发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
64．句意：徐秀珍说她会根据发音把任何语言的单词转换成汉字，然后记住它们。 base， 名词（基础/底部/基地/基数/出发点/弹药库），动词（以…为根据/把…建立在/把…置于基地/驻扎），形容词（卑鄙的/低劣的）空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，Chinese characters和base为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填based。
65．句意：在睡觉前和醒来后立即在脑海中重复这些单词，使她能够流利地与外国人进行基本对话。immediate，立刻的/马上的，形容词。修饰动词repeat，需用副词immediately，作状语。故填immediately。
66．句意：在过去的二十年里，徐秀珍自学了11门外语，包括英语、西班牙语、日语和韩语。teach，教授，动词。根据时间状语"Over the past two decades"可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为Xu，助动词为has。故填has taught。
67．句意：除了让她变得非常受欢迎之外，她的语言能力也使她与外国游客的交流变得更加容易。make，制作/使，动词。位于介词to后面，需用动名词作宾语。故填making。
68．句意：徐秀珍也成为了阳朔最忙的导游之一。one of后面接可数名词复数形式。故填guides。
69．句意：她的名声每天都吸引着大批游客，尤其是外国游客，他们出于钦佩之情来见这位多语种的导游。 guide， 名词（导游/指南/指导者/手册），动词（带领/引导/指导/影响）。空处需填名词admiration，作宾语，抽象概念，不可数。故填admiration。
70．句意："越来越多的外国游客来到阳朔，我希望在我的帮助下，他们能在这里感到宾至如归，"她说。固定搭配feel at home，表示"感觉宾至如归"。故填at。
九、第四部分 写作（满分25分）
71．（2024高一上·深圳期中）假如你是高一学生李华，上周你校举行了运动会。你(图片主角)参加了广东省深圳市新安中学（集团）燕川中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题
一、第一部分 语言知识（每小题1分，满分25分）
1．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Your ________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reviewing what you have learnt.
A．operation B．performance C．growth D．character
2．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Senior high school students should ________ their precious school time so that they may have the opportunity to enter a top university.
A．keep an open mind about B．hold their heads up at
C．make the most of D．leave an impression on
3．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Kate ________ her grandfather because he seems to know everything.
A．impacts B．admires C．hates D．encourages
4．（2024高一上·深圳期中）It is normal for students to feel ________ before the examination even though they have prepared well.
A．anxious B．confident C．intelligent D．responsible
5．（2024高一上·深圳期中）—These problems are too hard to________. Will you give me some advice
—There are many ways. The most important is to have a careful plan.
A．work out B．look out C．hand out D．break out
6．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Jane and Tom are good friends. She is giving him piano lessons __________ his help with her English.
A．in favor of B．in exchange for
C．in honor of D．in place of
7．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Although technology has changed the way we _____ friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same.
A．type B．ignore C．acquire D．postpone
8．（2024高一上·深圳期中）When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side. In a word, we should not ________.
A．kill two birds with one stone
B．throw the baby out with the bathwater
C．brave the elements
D．have butterflies in our stomach
9．（2024高一上·深圳期中）She carefully prepared for the interview because she wanted to make a good ________ on the employer.
A．influence B．pressure C．impression D．description
10．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Most high schools hold a sports meeting once a year, which ________ takes a day or two, depending on the size.
A．enormously B．bitterly C．significantly D．typically
11．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The website is ________ twice a day to keep up with the current affairs.
A．detailed B．updated C．illustrated D．contacted
12．（2024高一上·深圳期中）________ his hard work, he failed to complete his work on time.
A．In spite B．Regardless C．Although D．Despite
13．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Growing vegetables looks easy, but ________ it takes a lot of learning.
A．mainly B．directly C．actually D．immediately
14．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The Chinese people ________ the spring festival with a wide range of events.
A．spend B．observe C．present D．appreciate
15．（2024高一上·深圳期中）—________ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A．Did you call B．Have you called
C．Will you call D．Were you calling
16．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The first thing _______ I will do is to buy a gift for my mum on Mother's Day.
A．who B．that C．what D．whose
17．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The train that Mr Smith will take ________ at 8:30 and ________ at 8:45.
A．to arrive, leave B．arrives, leaves
C．will arrive, leave D．is arriving, leaving
18．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Mark ______ home from school _______ he noticed a girl fell off her bike suddenly.
A．walked; while B．was walking; before
C．was walking; when D．walked; since
19．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Ever since she started practicing yoga every morning, she ______ a significant improvement in her flexibility.
A．noticed B．has noticed C．had noticed D．would notice
20．（2024高一上·深圳期中）He ________ in a minute. I will call you as soon as I ________ him.
A．is arriving; meet B．is to arrive; am meeting
C．is going to arrive; am to meet D．is about to arrive; will meet
21．（2024高一上·深圳期中）—Ann is in hospital.
—Oh, really I ________ know. I ________ go and visit her.
A．didn't; am going to B．don't; would
C．don't; will D．didn't; will
22．（2024高一上·深圳期中）The photo album reminded me of the things and people ______ had left a deep impression on me when I was in Junior High School.
A．which B．who C．whom D．that
23．（2024高一上·深圳期中）It ________ three years since I________ him in Shenzhen and now we totally lose track of each other.
A．has been, has met B．is, has met
C．was, met D．has been, met
24．（2024高一上·深圳期中）Yuan Longping is one of the most famous Chinese scientists_______name is known all over the world.
A．whose B．that C．where D．whom
25．（2024高一上·深圳期中）When I was at college I ______ three foreign languages, but I ______ all except for a few words of each.
A．spoke; had forgotten B．had spoken; had forgotten
C．spoke; have forgotten D．had spoken; have forgotten
二、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A
（2024高一上·深圳期中） Talylyn Driver Experiences are EXCLUSIVE — the whole trip is yours!
You blow the whistle, release the brakes and open the regulator, a hiss of steam and the train starts to move — the start of the journey and the start of an experience of a lifetime.
Driver Experience: 600
Driver Experience Overview:
The small size of our narrow gauge locos (火车头) means that only one visitor can be on the loco at a time, so our Driver Experience trains really are EXCLUSIVE — the whole trip is yours, only carrying your guests.
During the breaks it will be possible to discuss the history of the line, its operation and is continued development — the questions are yours to ask.
Driver Experience Booking Information:
The cost of up to 3 guests accompanying the driver travelling on the train is included in the package. Any further guests (up to a maximum of 15) may enjoy the trip at a price of 10 each.
As the railway is operated by volunteers, please give us at least 4 weeks' notice of your preferred date to ensure that we have a volunteer crew available for the event.
Other Requirements:
A simple Medical Questionnaire will need to be satisfactorily completed. Good evesight (with glasses if required) and hearing are obviously important, as is the ability to climb into and out of the cab. We regret that these Experiences are not suitable for disabled persons.
If you are interested and would like further information, please click here to contact us or emailde@talyllyn.co.uk.
26．What feature is included in Talyllyn Driver Experience
A．Tailored activities for disabled visitors.
B．Lectures on the development of the line.
C．A range of train sizes for participants.
D．A hands-on train driving opportunity.
27．What is the minimum cost for 18 guests and a driver to enjoy a Driver Experience trip
A． 600. B． 710. C． 750. D． 780.
28．Which is a requirement for those going for the Experience
A．Volunteering to drive.
B．Making a reservation beforehand.
C．Taking a physical check.
D．Learning the history of the train line.
三、B
（2024高一上·深圳期中）Class is in session , and Olivia Munn's 22-month-old son Malcolm is a star student! The mother shared a new video of herself teaching her son Mandarin (普通话) before bed, and henailed it!
"Chinese lessons," she wrote over a video of her and Malcolm reading a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom to read the book with her. As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. You can even hear someone say "Aww!" in the background , which was likely Malcolm's dad John Mulaney. Malcolm seemed so proud of himself,and he was so cute!
In her caption (字幕), Munn explained that the book was a gift from comedian Ali Wong."Thank you @aliwong for our First 100 Mandarin Words book! Malcolm loves it!" she said.
This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, "The love!!" Whitney Cummings commented, "My heart." "Growing up multilingual (多语种的) is a magical gift," one person said, "I'll always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us & giving us lessons." Another person commented, "I love this family so much and it's definitely the cutest family I've ever seen."
The mother often introduces Malcolm to parts of his Asian root. They make noodles for the Lunar New Year, and she's taken him shopping at an Asian market called H Mart. Now he's learning how to speak Mandarin , and it's so adorable.
In her latest video, Munn is reading My First Mandarin Words with Gordon & Li Li, written by Michele Wong. The official Gordon and Li Li account commented, "This is the sweetest! We're so happy your little guy is having FUN learning Mandarin with Gordon & Li Li! Big thanks to @aliwong for sharing the Mandarin love!"
29．What does the underlined phrase"nailed it"probably mean
A．Got a rich reward. B．Hit the nail hard.
C．Messed things up. D．Did a fantastic job.
30．The second paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．a bedtime story B．an interactive scene
C．an amusing dad D．a reading competition
31．What can we learn about the video from paragraph 4
A．It is well received.
B．It is full of imagination.
C．It changes the way of parenting.
D．It inspires people to learn language.
32．Why is Malcolm exposed to Asian culture
A．To learn how to shop. B．To get to know his origin.
C．To prepare for an Asian trip. D．To develop his independence.
四、C
（2024高一上·深圳期中）In the world of insects, few are as interesting or as misunderstood as cicadas (蝉). Known for their deafening songs and long life cycles, cicadas have attracted people for centuries.
Some species, known as periodical cicadas, spend 13 or 17 years under-ground as nymphs (蛹), feeding on tree roots and slowly growing. After this young period, they come up from the ground in large numbers, change into their adult form, mate, lay eggs, and then die, all within a few weeks.
However, this periodicity is not present in all cicada species. Annual cicadas, which are more common and widespread, have life cycles that last 2 to 5 years. These cicadas appear every year because their life cycles are crossed, creating the impression that they are yearly.
During their growth, cicada nymphs create air passages in the soil and contribute to nutrient cycling (养分循环) by feeding on water from trees and producing rich nutrients. Their mass presence provides a significant food source for a wide range of enemies, and the sudden death of adult cicadas passes nutrients to the soil, supporting plant growth. On the other hand, cicadas' feeding on tree roots during their nymph stage can lead to great damage to young trees, and the adults can also cause obvious though usually short-term, damage to plants.
Some people see cicadas as a thing annoying while others see them as a wonder of nature. Despite their alarming appearance and number, cicadas are harmless to humans. In fact, cicadas have appeared in literature around the world as symbols of rebirth, thanks to their long life and dramatic appearance from the ground. In some cultures, cicadas are even collected as pets or food, valued for their nutritional content.
Nowadays, scientists are still learning about cicadas' behavior and the exact environmental elements that result in their presence. Climate change brings new questions and threats, as changing temperatures may affect cicada life cycles and living places. Cicadas really have much to teach us about the amazing existence of life.
33．What do we know about periodical cicadas
A．They mate with the same cicada species.
B．They have a relatively long nymph life.
C．They hardly eat during the nymph period.
D．They struggle to change into the adult form.
34．What is people's misunderstanding of annual cicadas
A．They have a large population. B．They eat a single type of food.
C．They have a one-year life cycle. D．They leave out key life stages.
35．How can we best describe cicadas' influence on the natural environment
A．Long-lasting B．Unnoticeable. C．Limited. D．Two-sided.
36．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about
A．Cicadas' importance to nature.
B．Cicadas' connection with humans.
C．Humans' worries over cicadas.
D．Humans' interest in insect behavior.
五、D
（2024高一上·深圳期中）You are what you eat and what you eat may be encoded in your DNA. Studies have indicated that your genes play a role in determining the foods you find delicious or disgusting. But exactly how big a role they play has been difficult to figure out. "Everything has a genetic component even if it's small," says Joanne Cole, a geneticist at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. "We know that there is some genetic contribution to why we eat the foods we eat. Can we take the next step and actually locate the regions in the genome (基因) "
New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a large-scale genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome regions that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition's annual conference.
The team based the new study on a 2020 Nature Communications study by Cole and her colleagues that used data from the U. K. Biobank, a public database of the genetic and health information of 500,000 participants. By scanning genomes, the new analysis was able to identify 194 regions associated with dietary patterns and 287 linked to specific foods such as fruit, cheese, fish, tea and alcohol. Further understanding how genetics impact how we eat could reveal differences in nutritional needs or disease risks.
"One of the problems with a lot of these genomics studies is that they're very small. They don't have enough people to really be able to identify genes in ways that are credible. This study had a huge group of people, so it's really powerful." says Monica Dus, a geneticist at the University of Michigan. "The other thing that I thought was really great is that there are so many different features that they're measuring related to diet including cholesterol (胆固醇), the body and socioeconomic backgrounds." As the research advances, Dus says, such genome analysis could potentially assist health care providers and even policymakers to address larger issues that affect food access and health.
It's definitely true that it may contribute to making sure there aren't food deserts-areas which have limited access to fresh, healthy and affordable food or to making sure that there's a higher minimum wage so that everyone can afford to eat, although the journey ahead remains lengthy and challenging.
37．How did researchers conduct the present study
A．By involving a substantial number of participants.
B．By building on a previous study with a large-scale data.
C．By directly analyzing the data from a public database.
D．By identifying genome regions associated with dietary patterns.
38．Which statement will Monica Dus probably agree with
A．Powerful participants were involved in the current study.
B．The methods employed for the previous studies were credible.
C．The genome analyses have helped address larger social issues.
D．Various features linked to diet were considered in the present study.
39．What is the text mainly about
A．The identification of diet-related genome regions.
B．The contribution of genes to diet patterns and food preferences.
C．The benefits of latest large-scale diet-related genome analyses.
D．The significance of a newly published diet-related genome discovery.
40．Which one might the passage come from
A．Food & Delights B．Scientific American
C．Medicine World D．The Wall Street Journal
六、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024高一上·深圳期中）Here are the don'ts and do's of showing your support for your friends when they're having a hard time.
　41． 　 There are two problematic kinds of helpers: enthusiasts and fretters. Enthusiasts tend to push their advice — to insist on fixing or overcoming the problem. Fretters are so worried about their friend's challenges that they are constantly concerned about whether they are doing enough to help. Try to keep those behaviors in check. No one should have to manage you when they're going through a tragedy.
Don't minimize the pain and stay away from statistics. For example, if a friend failed the college exam, don't tell him that 70% of students end in failure. Remember that it doesn't mean less pain just because it happens to a lot of people.　42． 　
Keep the focus on your friends. When your friends are talking to you, it's easy for you to share a similar story in effort to relate and connect.　43． 　 They might feel that you've made their pain about you. If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them, let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment.
Showing up isn't a one-time thing Remember that grief (悲伤) is so complex and your friends might go through several stages of sorrow.　44． 　 It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.
Ask your friends how you can best help.　45． 　 Just ask.
A. Don't let them stay alone.
B. But it's not always welcome.
C. Try not to be over-enthusiastic or over-worried.
D. Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support.
E. Share it with them immediately to show them they are not alone.
F. You don't need to automatically know what kind of help they want.
G. Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they're going through.
七、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024高一上·深圳期中）After a whole day's football practice with her three kids, Brittany felt worn out and decided to grab dinner from McDonald's.
Wyatt was a teenager working at McDonald's who took Brittany's 46． . As Brittany pulled up to the drive-through window to 47． , her 4-year-old son began crying and the other two soon 48． , almost driving Brittany mad. And that was when it 49． Brittany that she'd left her purse at home.
"I wanted to cry," Brittany recalled. "I looked at the young man with 50． eyes and said, ‘I'm so sorry but I have to 51． the order.'"
52． , Wyatt pulled out his wallet, swiped (刷) his card and paid for the 53． mom's meal.
Wyatt probably couldn't make much money from his job. Yet, he firmly 54． Brittany's promises to pay him back later, 55． saying that it was no big deal.
Brittany was so grateful that she was determined to 56． Wyatt's kindness in a big way! She discovered that Wyatt was saving up for a vehicle, so she shared the story on social media and started a 57． campaign to help him realize his dream.
Strangers from all over the country were inspired by the young man and 58． poured in. Before long, Brittany collected over $ 40,000! She was shocked. "I honestly didn't expect such an incredible 59． ! Wyatt will now have enough money to buy a car and even start saving for college. So when you put 60． out in the world, it comes back to you more than you expect."
46．A．opportunity B．order C．position D．advice
47．A．pay B．rest C．eat D．explain
48．A．stood out B．broke down C．cooled down D．joined in
49．A．hit B．attacked C．reminded D．touched
50．A．curious B．cold C．tearful D．sharp
51．A．place B．cancel C．refuse D．change
52．A．Deep down B．Out of respect
C．Without hesitation D．By accident
53．A．responsible B．relieved C．elegant D．stressed
54．A．declined B．accepted C．considered D．appreciated
55．A．proudly B．humbly C．impatiently D．vividly
56．A．deserve B．express C．reward D．spread
57．A．brain-washing B．energy-consuming
C．time-saving D．fund-raising
58．A．letters B．supplies C．donations D．complaints
59．A．experience B．response C．arrangement D．behavior
60．A．good B．hope C．honesty D．passion
八、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高一上·深圳期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen,　61． 　 speaks different languages with foreigners while working at a scenic spot selling water, postcards and headdress flowers, have brought her instant fame.
Xu's village　62． 　 (locate) at the base of Moon Hill, a popular tourist destination in Yangsuo, Guangxi, which is famed for a moon-shaped hole at the summit. She has been working as　63． 　 tour guide and vendor in Yangshuo, a county and resort and town in Guangxi.
Xu, who dropped out of junior school in the third grade, began to learn different languages to attract more foreign customers. Xu said she would change words in any language into Chinese characters　64． 　 (base) on their pronunciation and then memorize them. Repeating them in her head before going to bed and　65． 　 (immediate) after waking up has given her fluency in basic conversations with foreigners.
Over the past two decades, Xu　66． 　 (teach) herself 11 foreign languages, including English, Spanish, Japanese and Korean. In addition to　67． 　 (make) her incredibly popular, her linguistic prowess has made it easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists. Xu has also become one of the busiest tour　68． 　 (guide) in Yangsuo. Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors, who come to meet the multilingual guide out of　69． 　 (admire). "More and more foreign tourists are coming to Yangsuo, and I hope they will feel　70． 　 home here with my help," she said.
九、第四部分 写作（满分25分）
71．（2024高一上·深圳期中）假如你是高一学生李华，上周你校举行了运动会。你(图片主角)参加了800米赛跑，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录你参赛的过程。
注意：1. 内容连贯，可以适当添加细节；
2.词数：120词左右（开头已给出，不计入单词总数）。
Last week, the yearly sports meet was held in our school.
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答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你养成复习所学知识的习惯，你作为学生的表现将会很出色。A. operation手术；B. performance表现；C. growth成长；D. character性格。根据句意可知，此处为名词performance"表现"作主语，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】 考查名词辨析。注意： 要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：高中生应该充分利用他们宝贵的学习时间，这样他们就有机会进入顶尖大学。A. keep an open mind about保持开放的心态；B. hold their heads up at仰着头；C. make the most of充分利用；D. leave an impression on给……留下印象。根据句中"…their precious school time so that they may have the opportunity to enter a top university."可知，此处应为动词短语.make the most of"充分利用"，满足句意要求。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：凯特钦佩她的祖父，因为他似乎无所不知。A. impacts影响；B. admires钦佩，仰慕；C. hates憎恨；D. encourages鼓励。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据"because he seems to know everything"可知，此处应表示"钦佩，仰慕"应为admire。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管学生们准备得很好，但在考试前感到焦虑是正常的。A. anxious焦虑的；B. confident自信的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. responsible负责的。根据后文"before the examination"可知，此处指在考试前感到焦虑。故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。注意情感色彩，形容词往往带有一定的情感色彩，如褒义、贬义或中性。在解题时，要注意形容词所表达的情感色彩是否与句子或段落的整体氛围相符。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——这些问题太难了，解不出来。你能给我一些建议吗？——有很多方法。最重要的是要有一个周密的计划。A. work out解决，弄明白；B. look out向往看，当心；C. hand out分发；D. break out爆发。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语work out"解决，弄明白"，满足句意要求。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：一、理解动词短语的特点。动词短语是由动词加介词或副词构成的固定搭配，其意义往往不能从单个词汇直接推断。常见的动词短语结构包括：动词+介词；动词+副词；动词+副词+介词。二、解题核心策略。1. 整体记忆法。将动词短语视为一个整体记忆，重点关注：核心动词的意义延伸；搭配介词/副词的固定性；短语的及物/不及物属性；2. 语境分析法。通过句子语境判断最符合逻辑的短语：分析主语与宾语的关系；把握句子隐含的时间、因果等逻辑；注意肯定/否定等语气差异。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：简和汤姆是好朋友。她教他钢琴，作为交换，他帮助她学英语。A. in favor of支持；B. in exchange for作为交换；C. in honor of为纪念；D. in place of代替。分析句意可知，两人相互帮助学习新知识，B项"作为交换"符合题意。故选B。【点评】考查介词短语辨析。注意：明确每个介词短语的基本含义和常见用法，仔细阅读题干和选项，根据语境和常识进行判断。有些介词在含义和用法上非常接近，但仍有细微差别。在解答选择题时，要注意这些细微差别，避免混淆。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式，但友谊的意义以及我们对朋友的渴望是不变。A. type 打字；B. ignore 忽视；C. acquire 获得；D. postpone延迟。分析句子可知，科技进步是改变了我们交朋友的方式。故选C。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们谈论禁止在学校使用手机时，我们也应该看到好的一面。总之，我们不能不分精华糟粕全盘否定。A. kill two birds with one stone一箭双雕；B. throw the baby out with the bathwater分精华糟粕全盘否定；C. brave the elements不畏严寒；D. have butterflies in our stomach心里感到紧张。根据该句"When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side."可知，对于学生使用手机，不能全盘否定，因此空处意为"不分精华糟粕全盘否定"。故选B。【点评】考查习语辨析。注意：理解习语的基本特点。固定搭配，习语通常是固定词组，不能随意替换其中的单词。整体意义，习语的意义往往不等于各单词意义的简单相加；文化背景，许多习语来源于历史典故或文化传统。常见解题方法。1. 上下文推断法：通过句子前后语境推测习语含义，注意句子表达的情感色彩（积极/消极）；2. 关键词匹配法：记忆常见动词与介词的固定搭配，注意名词与介词的搭配；3. 排除法：先排除明显不符合语法或逻辑的选项，再排除与上下文不符的选项。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她为面试做了仔细的准备，因为她想给雇主留下好印象。A. influence影响；B. pressure压力；C. impression印象；D. description描述。根据上文"She carefully prepared for the interview"可知，仔细准备是为了留下好印象。故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：大多数高中每年举行一次运动会，通常需要一两天的时间，这取决于学校的规模。A. enormously非常；B. bitterly愤怒地；C. significantly显著地；D. typically通常。根据"takes a day or two, depending on the size"可知，此处是指通常需要一两天的时间。故选D。【点评】考查副词辨析。注意：在选择题中，经常会遇到多个副词选项，需要考生根据句子的语境和逻辑关系进行辨析，此时，要注意区分不同副词在意义、用法和语境上的差异。在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的整体语境和逻辑关系，通过语境推断出副词在句子中的正确位置和作用。特别注意句子中的关键词、标点符号和上下文联系，这些信息往往能帮助考生准确判断副词的用法和意义。
11．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个网站每天更新两次，以紧跟时事。A. detailed详细说明；B. updated更新；C. illustrated说明；D. contacted联系。根据句意可知，此处为动词updated"更新"，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
12．【答案】D
【知识点】常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管他工作很努力，他还是没能按时完成工作。A. In spite尽管（一般用In spite of形式）；B. Regardless不管，不顾（副词）；C. Although尽管（连词）；D. Despite尽管（介词）。根据"his hard work"可知，名词短语前用介词despite。故选D。【点评】考查连词以及介词辨析。注意：句子上下文是判断连词正确性的重要依据。考生需要仔细阅读句子，理解句子之间的逻辑关系，从而推断出应该使用哪个连词。连词在不同句型中的用法可能会有所不同。考生需要掌握连词在简单句、并列句和复合句中的用法，以便在解题时能够准确判断句子的类型和连词的正确用法。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：种菜看起来容易，但实际上要学很多。A. mainly主要地；B. directly直接地；C. actually实际上；D. immediately立刻。由转折连词but可知，此处需用副词actually，表示种菜看起来容易，实际上要学的很多。故选C。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意：副词辨析是常见的考点，掌握以下解题技巧可以帮助提高准确率：理解副词的基本功能。修饰动词，表示动作的方式、频率、程度等。修饰形容词或其他副词，加强或减弱程度。修饰整个句子，表达说话者的态度或观点。注意副词的位置。结合语境判断，有些副词在不同语境下含义不同，需根据上下文选择。如果无法直接确定答案，可先排除明显错误的选项，再对比剩余选项的细微差别。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：中国人用各种各样的活动来庆祝春节。A. spend花费；B. observe庆祝；C. present呈现；D. appreciate感激，欣赏。根据句意可知，此处为动词observe"庆祝"，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：在动词词义辨析中，施动者和动作对象的不同往往决定动词的选择。例如，有些动词只能用于人，有些则只能用于物。通过判断施动者和动作对象的类型，可以缩小选择范围。动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词需要宾语，不及物动词则不需要。了解动词的及物性和不及物性，有助于确定动词的正确形式。
15．【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时；疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：——你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？——打了，他们很满意。A. Did you call 你打电话了吗？一般过去时，询问过去是否打过电话。B. Have you called 你打过电话了吗？现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响或是否已完成。C. Will you call 你会打电话吗？一般将来时，询问未来是否会打电话。D. Were you calling 你刚才在打电话吗？—过去进行时，询问过去某一时刻是否正在打电话。空处所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去时，故选A。
【点评】考查时态（一般过去时）。注意：在解题时，首先要识别句子中的时间状语，这是判断句子是否应该使用一般过去时的重要依据。常见的表示过去的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）；last week/month/year（上周/月/年）；two days ago（两天前）；in 1998（在1998年）。如果句子中出现了这些时间状语，或者可以通过上下文推断出动作发生在过去，那么就应该考虑使用一般过去时。
16．【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我要做的第一件事是在母亲节给我妈妈买件礼物。A. who，指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。B. that，可指代人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。C. what，不引导定语从句，而是引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句等），相当于the thing(s) that。D. whose，表示所属关系，既可指人也可指物，相当于of whom/which。先行词thing前有序数词修饰，在从句中作宾语，关系代词用that。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意：在解答定语从句的题目中，首先要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。
17．【答案】B
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：史密斯先生要乘坐的火车8:30到达，8:45离开。空处为主句谓语，表示按规定、计划等时刻表的动作，应用一般现在时。故选B。【点评】考查时态（一般现在时）。注意：首先，要仔细阅读题目和上下文，确定句子描述的是当前状态、经常发生的动作还是普遍真理，从而判断应使用一般现在时。结合语境和上下文。在解题时，始终要结合语境和上下文来理解句子的意思。这有助于准确判断时态、主语与动词的一致性以及动词的正确形式。
18．【答案】C
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：马克放学回家时，突然注意到一个女孩从自行车上摔了下来。表示"某人正在做某事，突然……"句型为sb. be doing sth. when...，结合后文noticed可知应用过去进行时，主语为Mark，谓语动词用单数。故选C。【点评】考查固定句型和时态（过去进行时）。注意：首先，要明确过去进行时的基本结构是"was/were + 现在分词"，表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。解题时要注意寻找题目中表示过去特定时间的时间状语，如at 8 o'clock yesterday, when he arrived, while I was reading等。这些时间提示词往往是判断使用过去进行时的重要依据。其次，当题目中出现两个过去动作时，通常较长的动作用过去进行时，较短的动作或瞬间动作用一般过去时。例如："When the phone rang, I (was watching/watched) TV." 这里应该选择was watching，因为看电视是较长的持续动作。还要注意过去进行时与一般过去时的区别。过去进行时强调动作的持续性和未完成性，而一般过去时只说明动作发生过。最后，在解题时要特别注意主从句时态的搭配。当主句用过去进行时，从句通常用一般过去时，反之亦然。例如："While I (walked/was walking) home, it started to rain." 这里应该选择was walking。
19．【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：自从她开始每天早上练习瑜伽以来，她注意到自己的柔韧性有了很大的提高。A. noticed注意，一般过去时；B. has noticed已经注意到，现在完成时；C. had noticed已经注意到，过去完成时；D. would notice 将注意到，过去将来时。此处为主句的谓语动词，根据时间状语从句"since she started practicing yoga every morning"可知，此处使用现在完成时，notice与主语she之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应为has noticed。故选B。【点评】考查时态（现在完成时）。注意：首先，要明确现在完成时的基本结构是"have/has + 过去分词"。解题时需要特别关注题目中是否出现标志性的时间状语，如already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recently等。这些时间提示词往往是判断使用现在完成时的重要线索。其次，要理解现在完成时的两个核心用法：一是表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果（已完成用法）；二是表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态（未完成用法）。还要注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时强调与现在的联系，而一般过去时只说明动作发生在过去。在解题时要特别注意某些动词的过去分词形式，特别是不规则动词的变化。
20．【答案】A
【知识点】现在进行时；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：他马上就到。我一见到他就给你打电话。分析句子结构可知，当表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，需用现在进行时代替一般将来时，表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词，arrive为转移动词，所以一空处应是现在进行时，二空处所在句子为as soon as引导的条件状语从句，需遵循主将从现，也就是主句用将来时，从句一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以二空处用一般现在时。故选A。【点评】考查时态（现在进行时表将来以及主将从现）。注意：首先，要明确"主将从现"的基本概念：当主句使用一般将来时（will/shall + 动词原形）时，时间或条件状语从句通常使用一般现在时表示将来。这是英语中一个重要的时态呼应规则。解题时需要特别注意题目中是否包含if, when, as soon as, until, before, after等引导的条件或时间状语从句。其次，要区分真实条件句和虚拟条件句。"主将从现"只适用于真实条件句（即可能实现的假设）。要注意主句和从句的时态搭配。即使主句是祈使句或含有情态动词，从句仍然要用一般现在时。最后，在解题时要警惕一些干扰项，特别是当从句中出现表示将来的时间状语时，仍然要保持一般现在时。
21．【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：—Ann住院了。—真的吗？我不知道啊。我要去看她。根据句意，"不知道她住院"是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时；"我要去看她"是将来要发生的事情，而且是临时决定做的事情，应使用will表将来。故选D。
【点评】考查时态（一般过去时和一般将来时）。注意：首先，要明确一般将来时的基本结构是"will/shall + 动词原形"或"be going to + 动词原形"。解题时需要特别关注题目中是否出现表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow, next week, in the future等。这些时间提示词是判断使用一般将来时的重要依据。其次，要理解不同表达方式的区别："will"常用于表示未经事先考虑的即时决定或客观预测，而"be going to"则多用于表示事先计划好的意图或有迹象表明将要发生的事情。要注意一般将来时与其他将来表达方式的区别。现在进行时也可以表示将来，但通常用于安排好的近期计划；一般现在时表示将来时，主要用于按时间表或日程安排发生的事件。在解题时要特别注意一些特殊用法：在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来（即"主将从现"规则）；在表示"意愿"时常用will；在表示"计划"时常用be going to。同时要掌握shall用于第一人称的用法，特别是在正式文体或征求意见的语境中。
22．【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这本相册让我想起了初中时给我留下深刻印象的人和事。在英语定语从句中，关系词的选择取决于先行词的性质及其在从句中的语法功能。以下是四个关系词的核心用法解析：A. which指代物或动物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. who，指代人，在从句中作主语（口语中也可作宾语）；C. whom，指代人（who的宾格形式），在从句中仅作宾语；D. that，指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the things and people，当先行词即有人又有物时，只能用that引导。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句。注意：识别先行词，先行词是定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。在题目中，首先要确定哪个名词或代词被定语从句所修饰。理解关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中起连接作用，同时指代先行词，使从句在语法和意义上与主句相连。熟悉关系词的用法。确定从句中缺少的成分，分析定语从句，确定从句中缺少主语、宾语、定语还是状语。这有助于选择合适的关系词。注意从句的完整性，确保所选关系词能使从句在语法和意义上保持完整。根据定语从句的语法规则，排除那些不符合题意的选项。结合语境进行判断，有时，题目中的语境可以帮助你确定正确的关系词。例如，当先行词指人时，可以优先考虑who或whom；当先行词指物时，可以考虑which或that。确保所选关系词在语法上是正确的，且能使从句与主句在语法和意义上保持一致。再次阅读题目和所选答案，确保定语从句在语法和意义上都是完整的。
23．【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：自从我在深圳见到他以来已经三年了，现在我们完全失去了联系。 "It has been…since…"为固定句型，表示"自从……以来已经多久了"，所以第一个空应该填"has been"；由于"since"引导的从句表示的是从过去某一时间点开始的时间段，所以从句中的动词应该用过去时。故选D。【点评】考查时态（现在完成时以及一般过去时）。注意：首先，要明确一般过去时的基本结构是"动词过去式"。解题时需要特别关注题目中是否出现表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday, last week, in 1990, ago等。这些时间提示词是判断使用一般过去时的重要依据。同时要注意不规则动词的过去式变化，这是考试常考的重点。其次，要理解一般过去时的核心用法：表示在过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。解题时要特别注意语境中是否有明确的过去时间参照点。要注意一般过去时与现在完成时的区别。一般过去时只说明动作发生在过去，与现在无关；而现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响或持续到现在。最后，在解题时要特别注意动词的时态一致性。当主句是过去时，从句通常也要用相应的过去时态。同时要注意否定句和疑问句中助动词did的用法，以及动词要还原为原形。
24．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一，他的名字全世界都知道。在英语定语从句中，关系词的选择取决于先行词的性质及其在从句中的语法功能。以下是四个关系词的核心用法解析：A. whose 所有格关系词，表示所属关系，既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语，后接名词，相当于"of whom"（指人）或"of which"（指物）；B. that，可指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；C. where，关系副词，专指地点，在从句中作地点状语；D. whom，专指人，在从句中作宾语（动词宾语或介词宾语）。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词one of the most famous Chinese scientists与空后的name之间为所属关系，所以此处应使用关系代词whose作定语。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意：理解定语从句的构成和用法是解题的基础。定语从句通常由关系词引导，关系词在从句中充当成分，并在一定程度上体现先行词和从句之间的逻辑关系。关系词是定语从句的核心，根据先行词（被修饰的词）的类型和从句的完整性，选择合适的关系词。先行词是定语从句修饰的对象，通常位于从句之前。在解题时，要先找到先行词，再根据其类型和从句的完整性选择合适的关系词。从句的完整性也是选择关系词的重要依据。基于五大基本句型，如果从句缺少必要成分（如主语、谓语等），则为不完整；如果缺少非必要成分（如定语、状语等），则为完整。在解题时，还要结合语境和题目要求进行分析。有时题目会给出一些暗示信息或特定要求，需要根据这些信息或要求进行调整。在考试中，定语从句题目可能会设置一些陷阱和干扰项。例如，可能会使用易混淆的关系词或给出多个选项进行干扰。因此，在解题时要保持清醒的头脑，仔细分析每个选项，避免被陷阱和干扰项所迷惑。
25．【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我在大学的时候，我会说三门外语，但现在除了每种语言的几个单词外，我都忘记了。根据时间状语"When I was at college"可知，此处讲述的是在上大学时候的事情，所以使用一般过去时，speak的过去式为spoke；结合语境可知，第二空讲述的是现在的结果，所以，此处应使用现在完成时。故选C。【点评】考查时态（一般过去时以及现在完成时）。
【答案】26．D
27．C
28．B
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个火车驾驶体验项目。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题以及数字计算题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做数字计算题时，通读题干，需要仔细阅读题目，明确题目要求计算的具体内容，如时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等。 再定位关键词，根据题干中的关键词，在文章中迅速定位到与之相关的数据。 再根据题目要求，选择合适的计算方法（加、减、乘、除）。注意，有时可能需要进行多步计算。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段"You blow the whistle, release the brakes and open the regulator, a hiss of steam and the train starts to move — the start of the journey and the start of an experience of a lifetime. (你吹响哨子，松开刹车，打开调节器，伴随着蒸汽的嘶嘶声，火车开始行驶——这是旅程的开始，也是一生一次的体验的开始。)"以及第一部分的第一段"The small size of our narrow gauge locos (火车头) means that only one visitor can be on the loco at a time, so our Driver Experience trains really are EXCLUSIVE — the whole trip is yours... (我们窄轨火车头的较小体型意味着一次只能有一位游客上车，所以我们的Driver Experience火车真的是独一无二的——整个旅程都是你的……)" 这两段描述了参与者有机会亲自进行火车的启动操作，并且整个旅程是专属于参与者的，可以推断出包含"亲自驾驶火车的机会"。故选D。
27．数字计算题。根据文章第二段"Driver Experience: 600（司机体验：600英镑）"和第一部分第四段"The cost of up to 3 guests accompanying the driver travelling on the train is included in the package. Any further guests (up to a maximum of 15) may enjoy the trip at a price of 10 each. ( 最多3名客人可与司机随行，客人费用已包含在套餐中。 最多可再加入15名客人，每人可以10英镑的价格享受此趟旅程。)"，司机费用（ 600）加上15名额外客人的费用（每人 10, 15人共 150），总费用为 750。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第一部分第五段"As the railway is operated by volunteers, please give us at least 4 weeks' notice of your preferred date to ensure that we have a volunteer crew available for the event. (由于铁路是由志愿者运营的，请至少提前4周通知我们您的首选日期，以确保我们有志愿者团队可以参加活动。)"可知，选项B"提前预定"是参加这个体验要满足的要求。故选B。
【答案】29．D
30．B
31．A
32．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；段落大意；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥利维亚·穆恩教她的儿子学习普通话的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和段落大意题三种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
29．词义猜测题。根据前文"The mother shared a new video of herself teaching her son Mandarin (普通话) before bed(这位母亲分享了一段自己睡前教儿子普通话的新视频)"和第二段"As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. (当恩说出普通话的单词时,宝宝用最可爱的小声音把它重复了一遍,然后给了妈妈一个微笑和一个拥抱。)"可知，她的儿子学习普通话学得很好，说明划线词的意思是"做得非常好"。故选D。
30．段落大意题。根据第二段""Chinese lessons ," she wrote over a video of her and Malcolm reading a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom to read the book with her. As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. You can even hear someone say "Aww!" in the background , which was likely Malcolm's dad John Mulaney. Malcolm seemed so proud of himself, and he was so cute! ("语文课,"她在一段她和马尔科姆睡前看书的视频上写道。马尔科姆站在他妈妈旁边和她一起看书。当穆恩说出这个普通话单词时，宝宝用最可爱的声音重复了一遍,然后微笑着拥抱了妈妈。你甚至可以听到有人说"Aww!"在背景中，很可能是马尔科姆的父亲约翰·木兰尼。马尔科姆看起来很自豪，他很可爱!)"可知，第二段主要告诉我们一个宝宝和妈妈学习普通话的互动场景，故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段"This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, "The love!!" Whitney Cummings commented, "My heart." "Growing up multilingual (多语种的)is a magical gift," one person said, " I'll always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us & giving us lessons." Another person commented, "I love this family so much and it's definitely the cutest family I've ever seen." (这段视频在网上疯传。女演员梅兰妮·林斯基评论道, "爱!!"惠特妮·卡明评论道，"我的心。""能说多种语言的成长是一份神奇的礼物，"一个人说，"我将永远感激我的母亲坚持给我们讲阿拉伯语&给我们上课。"另一个人评论道，"我太爱这个家庭了,这绝对是我见过的最可爱的家庭。")"可知,这个视频获得很多赞美，很受欢迎,故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"The mother often introduces Malcolm to parts of his Asian root. They make noodles for the Lunar New Year, and she's taken him shopping at an Asian market called H Mart. Now he's learning how to speak Mandarin , and it's so adorable.(这位母亲经常向马尔科姆介绍他的亚洲血统。他们为农历新年做面条,她带他去一个叫HMart的亚洲市场购物。现在他正在学习说普通话,这太可爱了。)"可知，马尔科姆通过接触亚洲文化来了解自己的出身。故选B。
【答案】33．B
34．C
35．D
36．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蝉这种昆虫的特性和人们对它的误解。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和段落大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段"Some species, known as periodical cicadas, spend 13 or 17 years under-ground as nymphs (蛹), feeding on tree roots and slowly growing.(有些种类的蝉，被称为周期性蝉，会在地下以蛹的形式度过13或17年，以树根为食并缓慢生长。)"可知，周期性蝉的蛹期相对较长。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段"These cicadas appear every year because their life cycles are crossed, creating the impression that they are yearly.(这些蝉每年都会出现，因为它们的生命周期是交叉的，给人造成了它们是一年生的印象。)"可知，一年生蝉并不是真正的一年一个生命周期，而是由于它们的生命周期交叉，每年都会出现，从而给人造成了一年一个生命周期的误解。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据第四段"During their growth, cicada nymphs create air passages in the soil and contribute to nutrient cycling (养分循环) by feeding on water from trees and producing rich nutrients...On the other hand, cicadas' feeding on tree roots during their nymph stage can lead to great damage to young trees, and the adults can also cause obvious though usually short-term, damage to plants.(在生长过程中，蝉的若虫会在土壤中创造空气通道，并通过吸食树木的水分和产生丰富的营养物质来促进养分循环。……另一方面，蝉在若虫阶段吸食树根可能会对幼树造成严重损害，而成虫也可能对植物造成明显的（尽管通常是短期的）损害。)"可知，蝉对自然环境的影响既有积极的一面（如促进养分循环），也有消极的一面（如损害树木和植物）。因此选项D"两面的"最能描述蝉对自然环境的影响。故选D。
36．段落大意题。根据第五段"Some people see cicadas as a thing annoying while others see them as a wonder of nature...In some cultures, cicadas are even collected as pets or food, valued for their nutritional content.(有些人认为蝉很讨厌，而有些人则认为它们是自然的奇迹。……在一些文化中，蝉甚至被收集作为宠物或食物，因其营养价值而受到重视。)"可知，第五段主要讲述了人们对蝉的不同看法以及蝉与人类的关系（如作为宠物或食物）。因此选项B"蝉与人类的联系"最能概括该段的主要内容。"故选B。
【答案】37．B
38．D
39．A
40．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了基因对饮食习惯和食物偏好的影响，特别是通过一项新的大规模基因组分析，科学家们发现了与饮食习惯和特定食物偏好直接相关的基因组区域。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段"The team based the new study on a 2020 Nature Communications study by Cole and her colleagues that used data from the U. K. Biobank, a public database of the genetic and health information of 500,000 participants.(研究团队基于2020年Cole及其同事在《自然通讯》上发表的一项研究，该研究使用了来自英国生物样本库的数据，该库是一个包含50万名参与者的遗传和健康信息的公共数据库)"可知，研究者是基于之前的一个大规模数据研究来进行本次研究的。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据第四段""The other thing that I thought was really great is that there are so many different features that they're measuring related to diet including cholesterol, the body and socioeconomic backgrounds."("我认为另一件非常棒的事情是，他们测量了与饮食相关的许多不同特征，包括胆固醇、身体和社会经济背景。")"可知，Monica Dus认为本研究考虑了与饮食相关的多种特征。故选D。
39．主旨大意题。根据第二段"New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a large-scale genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome regions that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition's annual conference.(科尔领导的一项新研究离这个目标又近了一步。通过大规模的基因组分析，她的团队已经确定了481个基因组区域，这些区域与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关。这些尚未经过同行评议的研究结果在上个月的美国营养学会年会上发表)"可知，文章主要介绍了一项确定饮食相关基因组区域的研究。故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段"We know that there is some genetic contribution to why we eat the foods we eat. Can we take the next step and actually locate the regions in the genome (基因) (我们知道我们为什么吃我们吃的食物有一些遗传因素。我们能更进一步，定位基因组中的区域吗 )"和第二段"New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a large-scale genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome regions that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition's annual conference.(科尔领导的一项新研究离这个目标又近了一步。通过大规模的基因组分析，她的团队已经确定了481个基因组区域，这些区域与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关。这些尚未经过同行评议的研究结果在上个月的美国营养学会年会上发表)"可知，文章主要介绍了一项确定饮食相关基因组区域的研究，该研究确定了与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关的481个基因组区域。文章与科学研究相关，所以可能出自杂志《科学美国人》。故选B。
【答案】41．C；42．G；43．B；44．D；45．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述当你的朋友遇到困难时，向他们表示支持的注意事项。备选项的中文意思：A. 别让他们独自待着。
B. 但这并不总是受欢迎的。
C. 尽量不要过于热情或过度担忧。
D. 与他们保持联系，看看他们是否需要你的支持。
E. 立即与他们分享这件事，让他们知道他们并不孤单。
F. 你不必本能地知道他们想要什么样的帮助。
G. 相反，要与你的朋友一同感受他们正在经历的重大事件。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
41．设空处位于本段句首，概括本段，由下文"There are two problematic kinds of helpers: enthusiasts and fretters. Enthusiasts tend to push their advice--to insist on fixing or overcoming the problem. Fretters are so worried about their friend's challenges that they are constantly concerned about whether they are doing enough to help. Try to keep those behaviors in check. No one should have to manage you when they're going through a tragedy.( 有两种有问题的帮助者：热心者和烦躁者。狂热者倾向于推销他们的建议——坚持解决或克服问题。烦躁的人非常担心他们朋友的挑战，他们经常担心自己是否做得足够帮助他们。试着控制这些行为。没有人应该在他们经历悲剧的时候管理你。)"可知，要尽量控制成为狂热者和烦躁者。C项：Try not to be over-enthusiastic or over-worried. (试着不要过于热情或过于担心。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中over-enthusiastic or over-worried与下文enthusiasts and fretters对应。故选C项。
42．由上文"Don't minimize the pain and stay away from statistics. For example, if a friend failed the college exam, don't tell him that 70% of students end in failure. Remember that it doesn't mean less pain just because it happens to a lot of people. (不要把痛苦降到最低，远离统计数据。例如，如果一个朋友大学考试不及格，不要告诉他70%的学生以失败告终。记住，这并不意味着疼痛减轻，因为它发生在很多人身上。)"可知，这里主要讲不要用数据来把朋友的痛苦降到最低并表明应该如何做。G项：Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they're going through. (相反，和你的朋友一起感受他们正在经历的巨大事件)符合语境，有承上作用。故选G项。
43．根据上句"When your friends are talking to you, it's easy for you to share a similar story in effort to relate and connect. (当你的朋友和你说话时，你很容易分享一个相似的故事，努力建立联系。)"可知，设空处承接上句，说明朋友对这样的做法的态度，B项：But it's not always welcome.(但它并不总是受欢迎的。)符合语境。故选B项。
44．由下文"It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.(如果你的朋友知道你一直在想他们，那意义重大。)"可知，设空处应为我们应一直关注朋友，D项：Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support. (与他们保持联系，看看他们是否需要你的支持。)符合语境，其中Keep in touch with them与下文 thinking about them all the time对应，有启下作用。故选D项。
45．由上文"Ask your friends how you can best help. (问问你的朋友你能帮上什么忙)"可知，这里指要主动问朋友可以帮什么忙，设空处承接上句说明应该主动的去询问，F项：You don't need to automatically know what kind of help they want. (你不需要自动知道他们需要什么样的帮助)符合语境，有承上启下作用，其中help与上文对应。故选F项。
【答案】46．B；47．A；48．D；49．A；50．C；51．B；52．C；53．D；54．A；55．B；56．C；57．D；58．C；59．B；60．A
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一个母亲Brittany在买麦当劳是遇到了困难，麦当劳员工Wyatt施以援手。最后Brittany在网上发起募捐，为Wyatt筹集车款的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
46．句意：Wyatt是一个在麦当劳工作的青少年，他接受了Brittany的订单。A. opportunity机会；B. order点单；C. position职位；D. advice建议。根据上文"decided to grab dinner from McDonald's"可知，Brittany一家准备在麦当劳吃晚饭，所以需要进行点单。故选B。
47．句意：当Brittany把车开到车窗前付钱时，她4岁的儿子开始哭了，另外两个孩子也很快加入了进来，几乎把Brittany逼疯了。A. pay支付；B. rest休息；C. eat吃；D. explain解释。根据上文"who took Brittany's ___1___"可知，Brittany点完单后需要付款。故选A。
48．句意：当Brittany把车开到车窗前付钱时，她4岁的儿子开始哭了，另外两个孩子也很快加入了进来，几乎把Brittany逼疯了。A. stood out突出；B. broke down抛锚；C. cooled down冷静；D. joined in加入。根据上文"her 4-year-old son began crying"可知，Brittany四岁的儿子开始哭后，她的其他孩子也跟着哭了起来。故选D。
49．句意：就在那时，Brittany突然意识到她把钱包忘在家里了。A. hit敲打；B. attacked袭击；C. reminded提醒；D. touched触碰。固定句型it hit sb. that……译为"某人突然想到……"。故选A。
50．句意："我想哭，" Brittany回忆道。"我泪眼汪汪地看着那个年轻人，说：‘很抱歉，我不得不取消订单。'"A. curious好奇的；B. cold寒冷的；C. tearful眼泪汪汪的；D. sharp尖锐的。根据上文"I wanted to cry"可知，Brittany很想哭，所以她当时眼泪汪汪的看着那个人。故选C。
51．句意："我想哭，" Brittany回忆道。"我泪眼汪汪地看着那个年轻人，说：‘很抱歉，我不得不取消订单。'"A. place放置；B. cancel取消；C. refuse拒绝；D. change改变。根据上文"she'd left her purse at home"可知，Brittany没带钱包，所以她不得不取消订单。故选B。
52．句意：Wyatt毫不犹豫地掏出钱包，刷卡，为那位倍感压力的母亲支付了饭钱。A. Deep down在内心深处；B. Out of respect失去尊重；C. Without hesitation毫不犹豫；D. By accident偶然。根据下文"Wyatt pulled out his wallet, swiped his card"可知，Wyatt没有丝毫犹豫就立刻取出了钱包帮助Brittany付了钱。故选C。
53．句意：Wyatt毫不犹豫地掏出钱包，刷卡，为那位倍感压力的母亲支付了饭钱。A. responsible负责任的；B. relieved感到宽慰的；C. elegant优雅的；D. stressed有压力的。根据上文可知，Brittany的三个孩子一起哭闹，同时也没有带钱包来支付饭钱，所以Brittany当时倍感压力。故选D。
54．句意：然而，他坚定地拒绝了Brittany要还钱的承诺，并谦虚地说这没什么大不了的。A. declined拒绝；B. accepted接受；C. considered考虑；D. appreciated感激。根据下文"it was no big deal"可知，Wyatt觉得这是一件小事，不需要Brittany还钱，所以他拒绝了Brittany的承诺。故选A。
55．句意：然而，他坚定地拒绝了Brittany要还钱的承诺，并谦虚地说这没什么大不了的。A. proudly自豪地；B. humbly谦虚地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. vividly生机勃勃地。根据下文"it was no big deal"，可知Wyatt觉得这是一件小事，由此可知他的态度非常谦虚。故选B。
56．句意：Brittany非常感激，所以她决心大大地报答Wyatt的好意！A. deserve应得；B. express表达；C. reward回报；D. spread传播。根据上文可知，Wyatt帮助了处于麻烦之中的Brittany，所以Brittany决定回报Wyatt。故选C。
57．句意：她发现Wyatt正在攒钱买一辆车，于是她在社交媒体上分享了这个故事，并发起了一个募捐活动，帮助他实现自己的梦想。A. brain-washing洗脑的；B. energy-consuming能量消耗的；C. time-saving省时的；D. fund-raising筹集资金的。根据上文"Wyatt was saving up for a vehicle"可知，Wyatt买车差钱，所以Brittany组织了为Wyatt筹钱的活动。故选D。
58．句意：来自全国各地的陌生人受到这个年轻人的鼓舞，捐款源源不断。A. letters信件；B. supplies供应；C. donations捐赠；D. complaints抱怨。根据上文"started a ___12___ campaign to help him realize his dream"可知，Brittany为Wyatt组织了捐款，所以在听到这个故事后，大家都纷纷捐款帮助Wyatt实现梦想。故选C。
59．句意：我真没想到会有这么不可思议的回应！A. experience经历；B. response回应；C. arrangement安排；D. behavior行为。根据上文"Before long, Brittany collected over $ 40,000! She was shocked."可知，大家积极响应Brittany的捐款活动，所以对于Brittany而言这是一次难以置信的回应。故选B。
60．句意：所以当你把好的东西放在世界上时，它会比你预期的更多地回到你身边。A. good好处；B. hope希望；C. honesty诚实；D. passion激情。根据下文"it comes back to you more than you expect"以及结合全文可知，Wyatt做了好事，最后收获了比预期更多的东西。故选A。
【答案】61．who；62．is located；63．a；64．based；65．immediately；66．has taught；67．making；68．guides；69．admiration；70．at
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时；非限制性定语从句；新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文（新闻报道），主要讲述了77岁的徐秀珍因在景区能与外国人用不同语言交流而迅速走红的故事。【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及定语从句，时态，语态，主谓一致，冠词，非谓语动词，副词，名词以及介词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
61．句意：77岁的徐秀珍在景区卖水、明信片和头饰花时能与外国人用不同语言交流的视频，让她迅速走红。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Xu Xiuzhen，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
62．句意：徐秀珍的村庄位于广西阳朔著名的旅游胜地月亮山脚下，这座山因山顶有一个月亮形状的洞而闻名。 locate，找出……的准确位置/使坐落于/确定……的位置，动词。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语Xu's village和locate为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is located。
63．句意：她一直在广西阳朔县（一个兼具度假胜地功能的城镇）担任导游和商贩的工作。guide为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且tour发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
64．句意：徐秀珍说她会根据发音把任何语言的单词转换成汉字，然后记住它们。 base， 名词（基础/底部/基地/基数/出发点/弹药库），动词（以…为根据/把…建立在/把…置于基地/驻扎），形容词（卑鄙的/低劣的）空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，Chinese characters和base为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填based。
65．句意：在睡觉前和醒来后立即在脑海中重复这些单词，使她能够流利地与外国人进行基本对话。immediate，立刻的/马上的，形容词。修饰动词repeat，需用副词immediately，作状语。故填immediately。
66．句意：在过去的二十年里，徐秀珍自学了11门外语