单元素养测评卷(一)
Unit 1
(时间:120分钟 分值:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1.Where is the woman’s key
A.At her home. B.In her backpack.
C.In her pocket.
( )2.What does the candy taste like
A.Sour and salty. B.Sweet and sour.
C.Sweet and salty.
( )3.What will the man do next
A.Have a get-together. B.Visit a company.
C.Attend a meeting.
( )4.What does the woman ask John to do
A.Do his homework. B.Take the piano class.
C.Pick up the package.
( )5.What’s the top speed of the boat
A.About 20 miles per hour. B.About 25 miles per hour.
C.About 30 miles per hour.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6.What does the man keep doing
A.Lifting weights.
B.Telling the woman to take a break.
C.Adding more exercise to the woman.
( )7.What does the woman probably think about the exercise
A.It’s useless. B.It’s too exciting.
C.It’s very difficult.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
( )8.What time does the flight leave
A.At 2:00 pm. B.At 12:00 noon.
C.At 10:00 am.
( )9.What is the woman going to do today
A.Visit a customer. B.Write a report.
C.Talk with Mr Smith.
听第8段材料,回答第10至13题。
( )10.What is the man doing
A.Having an interview. B.Applying for a course.
C.Organizing a summer trip.
( )11.How long will the course run this year
A.6 weeks. B.7 weeks. C.8 weeks.
( )12.What surprised the woman last year
A.The extremely hot weather.
B.The inexperienced assistants.
C.The number of children attending the course.
( )13.What new activities will be added this year
A.Adventure sports. B.Fun programmes.
C.Creative classes.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
( )14.What was Henry doing when the accident happened
A.Playing toys. B.Calling his friend.
C.Playing the guitar.
( )15.How did Henry notice something wrong with Mike
A.Mike suddenly cried. B.Mike was turning purple.
C.Mike started to fight for breath.
( )16.What did Henry do to save Mike
A.Perform first-aid skills. B.Go to find his father.
C.Take him to hospital.
( )17.What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers
A.Teacher and student. B.Doctor and patient.
C.Classmates.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
( )18.How did the speaker’s family go to Shillong from Guwahati
A.By car. B.By taxi. C.By train.
( )19.What do we know about Shillong
A.The climate wasn’t good.
B.The transport wasn’t convenient.
C.There weren’t many tourist attractions.
( )20.What did the speaker’s family do at the end of their vacation
A.They admired the sunrise.
B.They visited tea gardens.
C.They explored thick forests.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A [2024·浙江金兰教育合作组织高一期中]
Music is an international language, spanning cultures across the world, and in fact, across time. Looking at today’s musical landscape, certain cities truly stand out for their music scenes. Here we’re naming some of our favourite cities for music.
Nashville
With the nickname “Music City”, Nashville makes our list of best music cities. You’re bound to hear live music anywhere, whether at your hotel bar, or at the historic Ryman Auditorium. Nashville is not only home to the Country Music Hall of Fame and the Johnny Cash Museum, but it’s still active in the recording studio scene.
Vienna
If you’re after classical music on your next vacation, be sure to head to Vienna. Once the capital of the Habsburg Empire, the city was the centre of all societal affairs that included music. The greatest classical composers—from Mozart to Haydn to Beethoven to Mahler—all lived and worked in Vienna at one point or another.
New York
New York has been described as a “melting pot”(熔炉) of cultures, and that applies to its music, too. The 20th century was particularly fruitful for New York’s music scene. During this time, it became the birthplace of hip-hop, disco, and salsa music, among other styles. The list truly goes on and on.
New Orleans
The city is filled with jazz, where you can listen to the great music every night. Of course, you can catch jazz at venues across town—the genre was born here, after all. If you’re a huge jazz fan, you might want to consider visiting during the annual New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival.
( )21.Which city is more attractive to visitors who want to know the classical musicians
A.Nashville. B.Vienna.
C.New York. D.New Orleans.
( )22.What is special about New York as a music city
A.It is a meeting point for various styles of music.
B.It is recognized as the birthplace and hot area of Jazz.
C.It holds musical festivals for hip-pop and disco music fans each year.
D.It enables people to enjoy the live shows inside and outside hotel bars.
( )23.Where is this text probably taken from
A.A poster. B.A news report.
C.An encyclopedia. D.A magazine.
B [2024·重庆市第七中学校高一期中]
Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create a community right in their own front yards. Ten years ago, she and her family moved to a new home in Austin, Texas.
One day, Kristin tried to connect with her new neighbours by hosting a party. She bought a few picnic tables but the delivery driver set one table down in her front yard by mistake. “After the party, I painted the table turquoise—my favourite colour—and put it in the front yard, just a few feet from the sidewalk,” she says.
That turquoise table became the place where Kristin and her kids hung out. They played games, did crafts and ate snacks. “We got intentional about where we spent our time,” Kristin says. “We became ‘front yard people’.”
Neighbours began to stop by to introduce themselves and sit down for a chat. Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea. Then neighbours asked Kristin if their family could put a picnic table in their front yard too. A movement was born. “It was a simple way to slow down and connect with others,” she says. The turquoise table was inviting and had a shared feel.
People often hesitate to invite others to their homes. They think their house is too messy, it’s not big enough or they don’t have enough time. “Our perfectionism can cause us to miss out on the joy of connecting with others,” Kristin says. Her picnic table takes away the excuses—and the pressure.
She likes how it enables her to take a small step towards easing loneliness and building relationships in her community. “People’s greatest need is to know that they are loved and that they belong,” she says.
A decade after their Texas’ beginnings, thousands of turquoise tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world. Not all of them are actually turquoise. “No matter what colour it is, it’s a friendship table,” Kristin says.
( )24.Why did Kristin Schell start the movement
A.To host more parties in her front yard.
B.To entertain her friends and neighbours.
C.To engage with people in the neighbourhood.
D.To create harmonious communities worldwide.
( )25.Which of the following words best describe Kristin Schell according to the text
A.Creative and sociable. B.Friendly and humorous.
C.Generous and ambitious. D.Cautious and responsible.
( )26.What can be inferred from the text
A.People don’t like others to step into their houses.
B.The campaign has a big impact at home and abroad.
C.Kristin Schell bought the turquoise table to host a party.
D.People feel unwilling to join in the front yard chat at first.
( )27.Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text
A.Love your neighbours
B.An amazing woman
C.Happy front yard time
D.Tables where all are welcome
C [2024·辽宁沈阳重点中学五校联考高一期中]
Two thirds of the ice in the glaciers (冰川) of the Alps is doomed! These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study.
Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century. The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100. Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitude, representing five percent, at most, of the ice volume seen today.
The researchers warn that the loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity, especially during droughts. It would also affect nature and tourism.
In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons. This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream. Glaciers along the Hindu Kush Mountains and Himalayan range are at higher, colder altitude. If global carbon emissions are not cut, however, two thirds of their ice could be gone by 2100.
The latest research combined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers. It used 2017 as its starting point. Unlike previous work, these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains. Applying this approach to other glaciated mountain chains could improve ice-loss forecasts there.
Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.
( )28.What does the underlined word “doomed” mean in Paragraph 1
A.Polluted. B.Discovered.
C.Endangered. D.Abandoned.
( )29.What can we infer from Paragraph 2
A.Emissions have much to do with the ice melting.
B.The Alps are expected to lose all its ice by 2100.
C.Ice loss will be avoided with emissions prevented.
D.Large ice pieces will just exist at the mountain top.
( )30.Why are the Asia’s ice fields mentioned in Paragraph 4
A.To explain how glacier melting came about.
B.To imply pollution is a worldwide problem.
C.To show what consequences ice melting will cause.
D.To indicate the Alps are not alone to face ice melting.
( )31.What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of glaciers
A.Objective. B.Optimistic.
C.Critical. D.Doubtful.
D [2024·河北保定六校联考高一期中]
Imagine this: you’re at a movie theatre food stand loading up on snacks. You have a choice of a small, medium or large soda. The small is $3.50 and the large is $5.50. It’s a tough decision: the small size may not last you through the whole movie, but $5.50 for some sugary drink seems unreasonable. But there’s a third option, a medium soda for $5.25. The medium might be just right for you, but the large only costs a quarter more. If you’re like the majority of people, you end up buying the large.
If you’re wondering who would purchase the medium soda, the answer is almost no one. Actually, there’s a good chance that the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy (诱饵), making you more likely to buy the large soda rather than the small.
I have written about this unique human nature previously with my friend Dan Ariely, who, after noticing pricing for subscription (订阅) to The Economist, studied this phenomenon extensively. The digital subscription was $59, the print subscription was $125, and the print plus digital subscription was also $125. No one in their right mind would buy the print subscription when you could get the digital one as well for the same price, so why was it even an option Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two “real” choices were offered, more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription. However, the bad option increased people’s likelihood of selecting the expensive print plus digital option.
Brain scientists call this effect “asymmetric dominance” and it means that people are attracted to the option that is closest to an obviously inferior (较差的) option. Marketing professors call it the decoy effect, which is certainly easier to remember. It works because of the way our brain assigns value when our brain makes choices. Value is rarely absolute; rather, we decide an object’s value relative to other choices. If more options are introduced, the value equation (平衡) changes.
( )32.Why do the shops give the third option—the medium soda
A.To offer people more choices.
B.To give people the right size of soda.
C.To help people save some money.
D.To earn more money.
( )33.What do we learn from Dan Ariely’s experiment
A.The Economist’s print edition turns out to sell the best.
B.More readers choose the digital over the print edition.
C.Lower-priced goods attract more customers.
D.The Economist’s promotional strategy works.
( )34.From which website would you most probably find this text
A.Https://www./health.
B.Https://www./local.
C.Https://www./money.
D.Https://www.education.com/science.
( )35.How do we often assess the value of a product according to the text
A.By considering its usefulness.
B.By comparing it with other choices.
C.By examining its former value.
D.By taking its low quality into account.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2024·河北沧衡学校联盟高一期中]
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever tried to persuade a friend to do what he didn’t really want to If so, you may have made them uncomfortable and even annoyed, and crossed a boundary (界限). 36. . How to respect others’ boundaries
Communicate clearly. It can be helpful to ask them frankly how they feel, rather than guess you can borrow their sweater or expect them to drive you to the airport. Apart from their words, it can also be helpful to pay attention to their tone (语气) and body language. 37. , it could indicate that they’re not very comfortable with what you’re asking them.
38. . Every individual needs to set boundaries based on their own preferences and abilities. It’s important to respect others’ boundaries and avoid finding fault with them even if they seem silly to you or are different from what you consider acceptable.
Deal with your emotional reactions. When someone sets a boundary in their relationship with you, you may find yourself feeling let down, which can cause you to feel hurt, angry, shocked or embarrassed. 39. . Dealing with your emotional reactions can help you either accept the boundary or look elsewhere to fulfill your needs.
Try to understand the reason behind the boundary. When you disagree with someone’s boundaries, exploring the reason why they’re setting them can help you understand their opinion better. If the boundary seems too rigid (僵硬的), you can offer your opinion. 40. .
A.Depend on the boundary they’ve drawn
B.If they’re not familiar with sign language
C.Remember that everyone’s needs are different
D.Boundaries are limits set by people to protect themselves
E.It can be helpful to reflect on why you’re feeling that way
F.If their tone is unclear, or they’re trying to change the topic
G.Be kind and willing to let the person decide what’s best for them
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
[2024·山东日照高一期中]
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Skateboarder Robert Glover’s skills are seriously impressive, but his style isn’t what you’d expect. Born with sacral agenesis (骶骨发育不全) 41 the growth of his legs, Glover uses his upper body strength to operate his skateboard. Instead of 42 legs as most skateboarders do, he uses his arms and chest to 43 the board.
The Namibian-born skateboarder, sailor and boxer speaks 44 about the power of not viewing obstacles (障碍) as limits and is 45 about sharing this message far and wide via social media.
“I don’t think obstacles are here to 46 us,” Glover said. “In my opinion, obstacles have been some of the biggest growing 47 both mentally and physically in my life.”
“Since I was young, I’ve 48 the idea of being in a wheelchair. Someone gave me their board and I just used it as 49 . One day someone was like, ‘Hey, let’s check out the skate park.’ I saw the 50 . I just fell in love with it. Adaptive skating is for disabled skaters who use any way, shape or form to 51 a board.”
He added, “I’m disabled. It’s an unpleasant feeling and hard to 52 it. Skating is and always will be a source of 53 . And the feeling of 54 something is just so good. Life is full of 55 . Just go out there and try things your way.”
( )41.A.monitoring B.promoting
C.maintaining D.limiting
( )42.A.depending on B.rolling over
C.lifting up D.spreading out
( )43.A.touch B.control
C.reset D.measure
( )44.A.regularly B.secretly
C.rudely D.softly
( )45.A.curious B.concerned
C.enthusiastic D.hesitant
( )46.A.urge B.block
C.remind D.pity
( )47.A.goals B.intentions
C.opportunities D.expectations
( )48.A.hated B.expressed
C.developed D.considered
( )49.A.comfort B.transport
C.pleasure D.guidance
( )50.A.sites B.targets
C.arrangements D.facilities
( )51.A.dance B.row
C.ride D.slide
( )52.A.trust B.avoid
C.experience D.explain
( )53.A.relief B.pressure
C.wisdom D.risk
( )54.A.flying B.dreaming
C.exercising D.landing
( )55.A.competitions B.lessons
C.possibilities D.regrets
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2024·浙江省A9协作体高一期中]
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Confucius Temple, one of the most visited attractions in Nanjing, 56. (locate) in the heart of the city’s historic district. While most first-time visitors are confused by the hundreds of stores that offer 57. (variety) types of snacks and local foods, Confucius Temple is a major part of the city’s rich historic and cultural heritage. 58. presents an incredible mixture of culture and trade, past and present. You will be 59. (true) happy with the local foods and unique cultural relics if you join an exploration of Confucius Temple.
The original purpose of the Confucius Temple is, of course, 60. (honour) Confucius. He is often referred to 61. the greatest educator, and the direct source of all knowledge and truth. The Confucius Temple in Nanjing has 62. history of over six hundred years, and reached its summit in the Ming Dynasty, 63. Nanjing was the political and cultural capital of China. Many scholars came to offer tribute in order to seek the blessing to their academic or political career. Now fully 64. (preserve), the temple is also a very popular attraction, attracting tourists from all over the world interested in seeing China’s cultural heritage. With historic paintings and carvings 65. (record) Confucius’ wisdom and teachings, the temple offers an insight into the origin of Chinese culture and national spirits.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
[2024·浙江温州市温州环大罗山联盟高一期中]
假定你是李华,是一名正在英国学习的交换生。你的英国朋友Peter想邀请你去他们学校参加文化交流活动,并向外国朋友介绍中国的传统绘画,但你因故不能前往,请用英语给他写一封邮件。内容包括:
1.谢绝邀请及理由;
2.推荐朋友李明参加及理由,并再次表达歉意。
注意:1.词数80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分) [2024·浙江宁波北仑中学高一期中]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Today was Community Service Day at school. Maya’s class was going to make cards for the seniors living in a nursing home. It was also the first day Maya would be wearing her leg brace (腿支架) to school, which was designed to help her walk more steadily and smoothly.
It was a cold autumn morning, and Maya looked down, feeling embarrassed. To make it lovelier, she had delicately decorated the brace with pretty butterfly patterns. Still, she was unsure about others’ reaction. All morning at school, kids kept glancing at her brace. To her relief, they didn’t say anything.
In the classroom, Maya was drawing little green buds (芽) and pretty flowers when her friend Samir came over and sat by her. She felt his eyes fixed on her brace and heard him asking, “What’s that for ” Not knowing what to say, Maya pretended she didn’t hear him. After a few seconds of awkwardness, she glanced back at him, and found that he looked a little sad.
After lunch, the class set off. The nursing home was on a small hill and all of them walked there happily along the path. Maya found that the brace did make it easier for her to walk up.
Maya and Samir were paired up with a lady who was 83 years old. There at the end of the hall in a wheelchair, with a big smile on her face, sat the lady, wearing a pink coat, with red lipstick and beautiful earrings. She looked bright and full of life. Moving flexibly and fast towards Maya and Samir, she greeted them first. “I’m Joan,” she said cheerfully. “Glad to meet you.”
Maya and Samir handed her the cards they made. Joan looked at Samir’s card carefully and spoke with admiration, “You’ve written a poem! That’s so artistic!” Samir’s face reddened with shyness. Then Joan turned to Maya’s picture. “The first flowers of spring!” she cried in delight. “You really have a gift for using colour!” she said. Clearly, Joan’s praise added great power to Maya.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
In a sudden wave of bravery, Maya asked, “What’s it like being in a wheelchair ”
Paragraph 2:
Deeply impressed by Joan, Maya offered to sit beside Samir on the bus ride back home.
参考答案
单元素养测评卷(一)
1—5 BACCC 6—10 CCAAA 11—15 ACBCC 16—20 AAACA
21—25 BADCA 26—30 BDCAD 31—35 ADDCB 36—40 DFCEG
41—45 DABAC 46—50 BCABD 51—55 CBADC
A
第一部分
录音稿
Text 1
W: Oh my goodness! I cannot find the key. It’s not in my pocket.
M: What I remember you put it in your backpack.
W: Ah, there it is. Thank you.
Text 2
W: I’ve never had candy like this before. It isn’t very sweet. What’s it made from
M: A fruit that’s quite sour. It is also salty, isn’t it I love these two tastes existing together.
Text 3
W: Mike and I are getting together for dinner. Do you want to come with us
M: Yeah, that would be nice. I have a meeting in about ten minutes. I can meet you afterward if that’s OK.
W: That’s fine. Who are you meeting with
M: The Boston Insurance Company.
Text 4
W: John, pick up the package downstairs, OK I must go to work now.
M: Oh, mum, you know I have to do my homework now. Why not ask Lisa
W: You are always looking for excuses. Lisa is going out for her piano class.
Text 5
M: I just heard on the radio that a storm is coming.
W: Well, our boat is going about 25 miles per hour. Normally, we go about 20.
M: Maybe we should head back. I don’t want to get caught in the storm.
W: Good idea. I can go five miles per hour faster at most.
Text 6
M: Only five more push-ups, OK
W: You said five more last time!
M: Come on, I’m pushing you to be your best.
W: OK. I’ll do five more.
M: Four, three, two, one…Well done. Now, three more.
W: Oh, I’m going to die!
M: No, you won’t. Just a little more…
W: Last two more, OK
M: Deal. Two, one. Great! Now, you can have one minute to rest. Then, we’re going to lift weights.
W: I’m so tired from the push-ups.
M: Listen, if you want to get stronger, you have to challenge yourself. Just think of all the weight you will lose, too.
W: All right, I’ll keep going.
Text 7
W: Ron just told me that you will be taking the 2 o’clock flight to attend the trade exhibition in New York. I’m going to visit a customer there today and we will be on the same flight. Would you like to share a taxi to the airport
M: That sounds great, but I can’t. I have to take this report to Mr Smith at our home office before his 10 o’clock meeting, so I was thinking about going to the airport straight from there. If you’d like, I could meet you at the airport.
W: In that case, how about meeting at 12 to have lunch together before our flight
M: That sounds like a plan. I’ll see you in the coffee shop on the second floor at noon, OK
W: OK. See you then.
Text 8
M: Hello, everyone. We are lucky to have Molly Taylor here today. Molly is organizing an activity course for the summer holidays. Molly, this is the second year of the course, isn’t it
W: Yes. The summer course operated for the first time last year for a six-week period. We did think about making it longer this year and having a seven-week course, as two schools have eight-week holidays. But in the end we decided to keep to the same plan as last year.
M: But, as I understand, last year’s course wasn’t a complete success, was it
W: Well, we were actually very surprised by the number of people interested in the course. We didn’t actually have enough assistants to look after all the children.
M: So, what activities can the children look forward to this year
W: Well, once again there’ll be artists and musicians who will lead creative classes. We also considered providing some more exciting adventure sports. But we decided not to, in the end. Instead we’re introducing some fun programmes. I think it’ll be good fun for the children.
Text 9
W:Henry, I heard you saved your little brother’s life last night. Could you tell me what exactly happened
M:Yes, Mrs Brown. I was in my bedroom playing the guitar with my friend Jason and my three-year-old brother Mike when my brother put a piece of a toy in his mouth.
W: When did you notice it
M:I didn’t notice it until I found he was fighting for breath.
W:What did you do
M:I immediately asked Jason to find my father, who was somewhere near the house. But then I noticed Mike was turning purple.
W:You must have been very worried.
M:Certainly. But I knew what I should do. Luckily, I’d learned how to perform first-aid skills. Finally, I helped Mike cough up that little thing.
W:You’re really great! Without you, your brother might have been in great danger.
M:Yes. When my father finally came, Mike was crying but he was totally fine.
W:Good. Can you share your story a bit later in class today
M:Certainly, Mrs Brown.
Text 10
M: The summer vacation in New Delhi begins on May 1st every year. Much before it began we started planning how to spend it. I suggested that we should go to Shillong. But my sister insisted that we see Darjeeling. My father decided that we would go to both places with one month’s stay at each place. So, it was decided that we would be going first to Shillong and then to Darjeeling. We left the New Delhi Railway Station four days after the vacation began. It was a very long and tiring journey. The train reached Guwahati in the evening. The next day, early in the morning we drove to Shillong. We stayed there for nearly a month in the hotel. The climate was no doubt cool and pleasant, but there were very few places of interest. We left Shillong on June 4th. On our way to Darjeeling, we travelled by train. We saw thick forests and beautiful tea gardens. We reached Darjeeling at about noon. We took a taxi and went to a hotel where reservations had been earlier arranged by my father. One day we went to the Tiger Hills by taxi at 4 am to enjoy the famous sunrise. It was a wonderful sight which we had never seen before. And that was the last day of our vacation.
第二部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四个负有盛名的音乐之城,如纳什维尔、维也纳、纽约、新奥尔良。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Vienna部分中的“The greatest classical composers—from Mozart to Haydn to Beethoven to Mahler—all lived and worked in Vienna at one point or another.”可知,许多伟大的古典音乐家曾在维也纳生活并工作,游客可以通过游览该城市深入了解这些音乐家。故选B。
22.A 细节理解题。根据New York部分中的“New York has been described as a ‘melting pot’(熔炉) of cultures, and that applies to its music, too.”可知,纽约作为一个音乐城市,它是各种音乐风格的交汇点。故选A。
23.D 推理判断题。根据首段“Music is an international language, spanning cultures across the world, and in fact, across time. Looking at today’s musical landscape, certain cities truly stand out for their music scenes.”以及通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了世界上四个负有盛名的音乐之城,由此可推知,这篇文章最有可能来自杂志。故选D。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克里斯汀·谢尔是“青绿色餐桌”运动的创始人,该运动的目的是与邻居和陌生人建立联系。在她的宣传和带动下,这一运动现已成了一场世界性的运动。
24.C 细节理解题。根据第一段“Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create a community right in their own front yards.”和第二段“One day, Kristin tried to connect with her new neighbours by hosting a party.”以及第四段“It was a simple way to slow down and connect with others…”可知,克里斯汀·谢尔发起这项运动的目的是与邻居接触。故选C项。
25.A 推理判断题。根据第二段“After the party, I painted the table turquoise—my favourite colour—and put it in the front yard, just a few feet from the sidewalk…”以及后文克里斯汀后来发起了“青绿色餐桌”运动可知,克里斯汀具有创造力。根据第四段“Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea.”可知,克里斯汀是一个热情、好交际的人。故选A项。
26.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“A decade after their Texas’ beginnings, thousands of turquoise tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world.”可知,这场运动在国内外都产生了巨大的影响。故选B项。
27.D 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段“Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create a community right in their own front yards.”和最后一段“A decade after their Texas’ beginnings, thousands of turquoise tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world.”可知,文章主要讲述了克里斯汀·谢尔是“青绿色餐桌”运动的创始人,该运动的目的是与邻居和陌生人建立联系。在她的宣传和带动下,这一运动现已成了一场世界性的运动。因此D项“欢迎所有人的桌子”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿尔卑斯山和亚洲的冰川面临严重威胁,可能在本世纪末融化,文章分析了其原因,同时也提出了解决问题的思路。
28.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后“These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study.”可知,冰川将在本世纪末融化,由此可推知,画线词所在句中的阿尔卑斯山的冰川也面临同样的威胁,画线词doomed与endangered同义,意为“濒危的”。故选C项。
29.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions.”可推知,碳排放与冰川的融化有很大关系。故选A项。
30.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons.”可推知,第四段提到亚洲的冰原是为了表明阿尔卑斯山并不是唯一面临冰川融化的地方。故选D项。
31.A 推理判断题。通读全文,并根据文章最后一段“Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.”可知,文中作者表达了对碳排放造成冰川融化的担忧,同时也提出仍有可能延缓它们的融化,所以作者认为冰川的未来取决于人类自身,由此可推知,作者对冰川的未来持客观的态度。故选A项。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诱饵效应:当我们在做选择时,受大脑确定价值的方式的影响,在有更多选择的时候,我们会被最接近劣势的选项所吸引。
32.D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Actually, there’s a good chance that the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy (诱饵), making you more likely to buy the large soda rather than the small.”可知,商店会提供第三种选择——中杯苏打水,是为了引导消费者购买更高利润的大杯汽水,也就是为了赚更多的钱。故选D。
33.D 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two ‘real’ choices were offered, more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription. However, the bad option increased people’s likelihood of selecting the expensive print plus digital option.”可知,实验结果表明,这种促销的方式很有效果。故选D。
34.C 推理判断题。根据文章首段的具体实例、Dan Ariely所做的实验和最后一段的“Marketing professors call it the decoy effect, which is certainly easier to remember.”可知,文章所涉及的信息都与消费者的消费选择和市场营销策略有关系,由此可推知,文章很有可能出现在与消费者相关的网站。故选C。
35.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“However, the bad option increased people’s likelihood of selecting the expensive print plus digital option.”和最后一段的“Value is rarely absolute; rather, we decide an object’s value relative to other choices. If more options are introduced, the value equation (平衡) changes.”可知,我们通常通过与其他选择进行比较来评估产品的价值。 故选B。
第二节
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何尊重他人的界限。
36.D 根据上文“Have you ever tried to persuade a friend to do what he didn’t really want to If so, you may have made them uncomfortable and even annoyed, and crossed a boundary (界限).”可知,本句应承接上文,继续说明界限的定义和作用。故D选项“界限是人们为保护自己而设定的限制”符合语境,故选D。
37.F 根据上文“Apart from their words, it can also be helpful to pay attention to their tone (语气) and body language.”以及下文“…it could indicate that they’re not very comfortable with what you’re asking them.”可知,本句主要是在说明对方对问题不满的表现,F选项中tone对应上文tone。故F选项“如果他们的语气不明确,或者他们试图改变话题”符合语境,故选F。
38.C 根据下文“Every individual needs to set boundaries based on their own preferences and abilities. It’s important to respect others’ boundaries and avoid finding fault with them even if they seem silly to you or are different from what you consider acceptable.”可知,本段的主旨是认识到每个人的需求不同,界限也不同。故C选项“记住每个人的需求是不同的”符合语境,故选C。
39.E 根据上文“Deal with your emotional reactions. When someone sets a boundary in their relationship with you, you may find yourself feeling let down, which can cause you to feel hurt, angry, shocked or embarrassed.”可知,上文提到了受伤、生气、震惊或尴尬的感觉;根据下文“Dealing with your emotional reactions can help you either accept the boundary or look elsewhere to fulfill your needs.”可知,下文介绍了处理你的情感反应的好处。本句承上启下,应说明如何处理这些感受。故E选项“反思一下你为什么会有这种感觉是很有帮助的”符合语境,故选E。
40.G 根据上文“Try to understand the reason behind the boundary. When you disagree with someone’s boundaries, exploring the reason why they’re setting them can help you understand their opinion better. If the boundary seems too rigid(僵硬的), you can offer your opinion.”可知,本句主要说明如何应对别人的界限。故G选项“要友善并愿意让别人决定什么对他们是最好的”符合语境,故选G。
第三部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了残疾滑板运动员Robert Glover的故事。他虽然骶骨发育不全,但他使用上半身的力量来控制滑板,展现了他卓越的滑板技巧和积极的生活态度。
41.D 根据上文sacral agenesis可知,他先天骶骨发育不全,这限制了他的腿部的发育,故选D项。monitor监控;promote促进;maintain维持;limit限制。
42.A 根据下文“…as most skateboarders do…”可知,他和其他大多数的滑板运动员不一样,他不依赖腿部控制滑板,故选A项。depend on依靠,依赖;roll over翻滚;lift up举起;spread out散开。
43.B 根据下文the board及上文可知,他应该是用胳膊和胸部控制滑板,故选B项。touch触摸;control控制;reset重置;measure测量。
44.A 根据下文“…is…about sharing this message far and wide via social media.”可知,他热衷于通过社交媒体分享信息,说明他经常谈论这个话题,故选A项。regularly经常;secretly秘密地;rudely粗鲁地;softly柔和地。
45.C 根据下文“…sharing this message far and wide via social media.”可知,他经常通过社交媒体分享信息,这说明他对此事持积极态度,故选C项。curious好奇的;concerned担心的;enthusiastic热情的;hesitant犹豫的。
46.B 根据上文not viewing obstacles (障碍) as limits可知,他从来不把障碍看作限制,说明他认为障碍不是来阻碍人们的,故选B项。urge催促;block阻挡;remind提醒;pity同情。
47.C 根据上文“…obstacles have been some of the biggest growing…”以及他从来不把障碍看作限制可知,障碍为他提供了成长的机会,让他突破自己,故选C项。goal目标;intention意图;opportunity机会;expectation期望。
48.A 根据下文being in a wheelchair以及上文他患有先天疾病可知,他从小就需要坐轮椅,但这对于任何人来说都是令人不悦的,故选A项。hate讨厌;express表达;develop发展;consider考虑。
49.B 根据上文“…being in a wheelchair. Someone gave me their board and I just used it…”可知,滑板被Glover当作可以移动的交通工具,故选B项。comfort舒适;transport交通工具;pleasure乐趣;guidance指导。
50.D 根据上文the skate park以及下文“Adaptive skating is for disabled skaters…”可知,滑板公园里有很多设施,其中还有专门为残疾人士设计的设施,故选D项。site地点;target目标;arrangement安排;facility设施。
51.C 根据下文a board可知,残疾滑板人士在滑板上移动,也就是骑在滑板上,故选C项。dance跳舞;row划(船);ride骑;slide滑动。
52.B 根据上文“It’s an unpleasant feeling and hard to…”可知,残疾对于任何人都是难以接受的,他不能回避自己是残疾人这个事实,故选B项。trust信任;avoid回避;experience经历;explain解释。
53.A 根据下文just so good可知,滑滑板让他感觉良好,这给了他一种解脱的感觉,故选A项。relief解脱;pressure压力;wisdom智慧;risk风险。
54.D 根据下文“…something is just so good.”可知,滑滑板让他感觉很好,这是因为滑板运动让他获得了很多,land可以作动词,意思是“达成,获得”,故选D项。fly飞;dream做梦;exercise锻炼;land获得,着陆。
55.C 根据下文“Just go out there and try things your way.”可知,他建议人们去尝试人生中的各种可能,说明他认为人生充满各种可能性,故选C项。competition比赛;lesson教训;possibility可能性;regret遗憾。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南京夫子庙。
56.is located 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知,locate在句子中作谓语,与主语Confucius Temple是被动关系,描述现在的事实用一般现在时,主语是单数,谓语动词也应用单数。故填is located。
57.various 考查形容词。修饰名词types应用形容词作定语,故填various。
58.It 考查代词。根据前后文可知,空处为主语,指代前文提到的Confucius Temple,应用代词it,且空处位于句首,单词首字母大写,故填It。
59.truly 考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词作状语。故填truly。
60.to honour 考查不定式。主语是the original purpose,空处作表语,应用不定式形式表目的。故填to honour。
61.as 考查介词。refer to…as…意为“把……称为……”,故填as。
62.a 考查冠词。have a history of…意为“有……的历史”。故填a。
63.when 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰the Ming Dynasty,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when。故填when。
64.preserved 考查过去分词。分析句子可知,空处作状语, preserve与逻辑主语the temple是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。故填preserved。
65.recording 考查现在分词。分析句子可知,此处为with的复合结构,record和paintings and carvings是主动关系,应用现在分词形式。故填recording。
第四部分
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
Thanks a lot for your invitation to your cultural exchange programme. But much to my regret, I can’t make it. I have just had a bad cold and my doctor advised me to stay at home for a rest. I strongly recommend my friend Li Ming to you. Having a good knowledge of traditional Chinese painting, he will surely help make your programme a success.
Sorry again for any inconvenience caused by me and all the best wishes to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
In a sudden wave of bravery, Maya asked, “What’s it like being in a wheelchair ” “It helps me get around,” Joan said simply. Then, grinning, she added, “You’d be surprised at how fast I can go in this thing!” Right then, she moved the wheelchair across the room, turning around, back and forth. And what surprised Maya most was that she didn’t detect any pity or embarrassment from her. Then Maya looked up and found Joan was smiling, eyes purposefully resting on her brace. It was then that a spark of power was lit up deep inside Maya. That afternoon, the three of them had a pleasant talk over lots of things until it was dusk.
Deeply impressed by Joan, Maya offered to sit beside Samir on the bus ride back home. “Joan is great. I like her,” Samir admired. Maya nodded, lost in thought. With Joan’s wheelchair and smile in mind, she summoned up her courage and said, “The brace keeps my toe up so I can walk better.” “Really ” Samir looked amazed, reached out and touched it gently. “That’s super cool!” His words were so sincere that Maya felt warm and moved. It was a reaction that she expected deep inside her heart. Though it was autumn outside, it felt like spring for Maya. A little green bud was bursting—she and her brace looked cool, beautiful and dynamic in her and others’ eyes.
【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了玛雅因为需要依靠腿支架才能走得更稳定、更平稳而觉得尴尬,她不搭理注意到她的支架的萨米尔,这令萨米尔有点伤心。在拜访养老院里的老人的活动中,玛雅和坐轮椅但依旧乐观的老奶奶琼交流后,心态有所改善,在乘车回家的途中,玛雅主动告诉萨米尔她的支架的作用,两人进行了真诚的交流。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“玛雅突然鼓起勇气问道:‘坐在轮椅上是什么感觉 ’”可知,第一段可以描写玛雅与坐轮椅的琼的交流使玛雅的心态发生改变。
②由第二段首句内容“琼给玛雅留下了深刻的印象,她主动提出在回家的公交车上坐在萨米尔旁边。”可知,第二段可以描写玛雅与萨米尔在回家途中的聊天,以及萨米尔知道支架的功能后的反应让玛雅明白了萨米尔的真诚。
2.续写线索:玛雅得知琼坐轮椅的积极心态后的改变—玛雅主动告知萨米尔实情—萨米尔的真诚温暖了玛雅
