参考答案
单元素养测评卷(一)
1—5 CBACA 6—10 CBCAA 11—15 BCBCB 16—20 CABAB
21—25 ACAAD 26—30 DACDA 31—35 BDBDC 36—40 BFGCD
41—45 CADAB 46—50 ABCAB 51—55 CDDCD
第一部分
录音稿
Text 1
W: Can you tell me where the oil is
M: I’m pretty sure that it’s at the end of shelf four, just beside those sausages and frozen food.
Text 2
W: Hi, Jack, I just came back yesterday. Anything new while I was away
M: Congratulations, Susan! It’s said that you’ll be promoted to manager and become my immediate boss.
Text 3
W: Sir, have you got any small change
M: Sorry, I only have a 100-dollar bill.
W: OK. It doesn’t matter. Here’s your change: 54 dollars.
Text 4
M: How nice it is to be home again with all the family!
W: Did you enjoy your journey
M: Well, yes, all trips have good and bad points, but this one had mostly good ones.
W: So did you get any souvenirs
Text 5
M: It is a pity that you missed the art exhibition.
W: Really
M: Yeah. Many visitors wouldn’t tear themselves away from the paintings. It is indeed a great feast of eyes. I want to visit it again.
Text 6
W: Is there any way I can get to Los Angeles as soon as possible My flight from New York didn’t arrive on time, so I missed my connecting flight.
M: Well, let me check. We don’t have any direct flights, but if you’re willing to stop over in San Francisco, there’s a flight leaving in 20 minutes. That will be your best choice for now.
W: As long as it gets me to Los Angeles in one piece, I’ll take it. Would there be any extra charge
M: No, ma’am. Here is your ticket and please hurry to gate number 20. The ground crew will be waiting for you.
Text 7
M: Mary, what do you usually have for American breakfast
W: I usually have bread, fried eggs and a cup of coffee for it. What about you, Paul
M: I like to have ham and eggs, bread and butter, vegetable salad and orange juice, a usual English breakfast as my family do.
W: More and more young people in China have come to like the Western breakfast. They think it’s very convenient and good for health.
M: Having Western food for breakfast is good for one’s health. In England, since most people begin working early in the afternoon, they often have fast food for lunch such as sandwiches, apple pies and pizzas at their workplace.
W: We often have lunch in a dining hall.
M: Do you have the habit of drinking afternoon tea with cakes
W: No, we usually wait for dinner. It’s the biggest meal of the day. All the members of the family come home and sit together to enjoy their dishes.
Text 8
W: Mr Hibberd’s office.
M: Hello, can I speak to Brian Hibberd, please
W: I’m afraid he’s at a meeting until lunchtime. Can I take a message
M: Well, I’d like to arrange an appointment to see him, please. It’s Peter Jefferson here.
W: Could you hold on for a minute, Mr Jefferson I’ll just look in the diary. So when’s convenient for you
M: Some time this week if possible. I guess he will be away the following week.
W: Yes, that’s right. He will be on holiday for a fortnight.
M: Well, I need to see him before he leaves. So would Wednesday be okay
W: Wednesday Let me see. He’s out of office all morning. But he’s free in the afternoon, after about three.
M: Three o’clock is difficult. But I could make it after four.
W: So shall we say 4:15 Wednesday this week, in Mr Hibberd’s office
M: That sounds fine. Thanks very much.
W: Okay, then. Bye.
Text 9
M: Hi, Linda.
W: Hi, James. What are you doing in the mall I thought you said you avoid these places. And here you are.
M: Oh, I still do it but it’s my roommate’s birthday tomorrow and I am looking to get him a present. He’s not exactly the easiest person to find a present for.
W: Have you any idea what to get
M: Not really. You know, I hate buying gifts for somebody because they can never be perfect.
W: Perhaps you are trying too hard to get something very impressive or decorative. I always think a gift should be practical. Why don’t you think of something he might like or something that he will most likely get soon
M: Oh, I know. His backpack is worn out. Maybe I should get him a backpack instead.
W: Here you go. It sounds like a perfect gift.
M: Gosh, now I am wondering which colour I should pick. He is really particular about the colour.
W: That’s not difficult. What was the colour of the last one he chose He obviously chose it for a reason.
Text 10
W: OK, everyone. The first thing we are going to do today is take some dirt and put it into our pots. Add enough into the pot so that it is about halfway full. There will be a little mark on the pot where the halfway point is. Make sure the dirt is loose so that the seed will have room to push out its roots. Next, you will make a little hole about three inches deep that is about the length of your finger. Place the apple seed inside the hole, and cover it up. The last bit of the process we will do today is water the seed. Be careful not to use too much water or you would hurt the tree before it even grows! I count to three as I am pouring. That should be enough water for now. The next step is patience! At first, you will want to put the pot inside for the first few months. Having it safely inside will keep away animals who want to eat it. You will also want to keep it close to a window to make sure the tree is getting a lot of sun. You should water your plant twice a day. On average, the tree will be ready to go outside in around three months.
第二部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了如何申请成为支持哥斯达黎加当地动物救援中心的志愿者。
21.A 细节理解题。根据第二段“In addition to the caretaking of the animals, volunteers help us welcome visitors at the entrance and answer any questions that visitors may have about the shelter or its animals.”可知,志愿者在救援中心可以与参观者交流。故选A项。
22.C 推理判断题。根据Requirements中“*You need to be at least 15 years old on the programme start date at the high school level or above.*Speaking English is a basic requirement.”可知,一位来自美国的大学生可以做这个项目的志愿者。故选C项。
23.A 细节理解题。根据Programme fees中“1 week(minimum stay)$350”以及“Booking payments (15%)”可知,志愿者至少要付(350×15%=)52.5美元才能预约。故选A项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了少女米凯拉在索契冬奥会女子障碍滑雪项目中展现出惊人的实力。自幼刻苦训练、对滑雪的热爱,以及严格的自我要求使她成为滑雪界闪亮的新星。
24.A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Skiing has always been a significant part of Mikaela’s life. Her mum raced and coached skiing and her dad raced skiing all through college. The Shiffrins taught Mikaela and her brother, Taylor, to ski at a very young age.”可知,米凯拉来自一个滑雪家庭。故选A项。
25.D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“According to Kirk Dwyer, Burke Mountain Academy headmaster, ‘It was the degree of Mikaela’s effort to be the best that distinguished her from others. Her commitment to conditioning, having proper sleep, eating correctly, doing the drills, and watching video was unusual for an 11- to 13-year-old. Mikaela practised more than anyone and believed in herself then and now.’”可知,引用校长柯克·德怀尔的话是为了强调米凯拉对训练的巨大投入。故选D项。
26.D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“According to Kirk Dwyer, Burke Mountain Academy headmaster, ‘It was the degree of Mikaela’s effort to be the best that distinguished her from others. Her commitment to conditioning, having proper sleep, eating correctly, doing the drills, and watching video was unusual for an 11- to 13-year-old. Mikaela practised more than anyone and believed in herself then and now.’”及倒数第二段“Working hard is a full-time job for Mikaela. Even her off-season is work time. In the summer, when Mikaela is off the ski slopes and in the gym, her daily training consists of six to seven hours of weight lifting, swimming, and biking to improve her core strength and flexibility. She does all of this so that she can dash down slopes at speeds topping 50 miles per hour while cutting back and forth around gates with astonishing precision.”可推知,米凯拉是一个意志坚定且自律的女孩。故选D项。
27.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“From ages 8 to 11, she worked hard, practising hundreds of training runs on small hills repeatedly to develop the correct techniques of slalom skiing.”、第三段“Mikaela practised more than anyone and believed in herself then and now.”,以及倒数第二段“Working hard is a full-time job for Mikaela. Even her off-season is work time.”可知,她的持续不断的练习让她达到顶尖的水平,故她的故事传达的信息是“熟能生巧”。故选A项。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多巴胺是我们动力的来源以及数字社会中高多巴胺行为对人们的影响。高多巴胺行为会让人们越来越依赖它,导致对一些低多巴胺行为的兴趣下降,从而影响学习或工作。文章建议减少高多巴胺行为的频率,让日常的低多巴胺行为变得更有吸引力。
28.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“So which behaviour releases dopamine Any activity where you anticipate there’s a potential reward releases it.”可知,任何可能获得奖励的活动都会释放多巴胺。故选C。
29.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“This can be harmful because the things that don’t give you as much dopamine don’t interest you any longer. That’s why people prefer playing video games or browsing the Internet, compared with studying or working.”可知,不能让你产生很多多巴胺的活动不会再让你感兴趣,这也就是为什么学习或者工作比不上玩电子游戏或者上网,由此可知,电子游戏比学习产生更多的多巴胺。故选D。
30.A 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Separate yourself from the unnaturally high amounts of dopamine, or at least expose yourself to it far less frequently. Only then will low dopamine activities become exciting again. That’s why you might want to limit your phone and computer usage.”可知,本段主要强调的是如何避免或者解决多巴胺耐受问题,即远离不自然的大量多巴胺,或者至少让自己少接触它。故本段的目的是为多巴胺耐受性提供解决方案。故选A。
31.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Thus you develop a dopamine tolerance. This can be harmful because the things that don’t give you as much dopamine don’t interest you any longer.”以及最后一段中“We are all dopamine addicts. And that’s a good thing because dopamine motivates us to achieve our goals. But it’s up to you to decide where you are going to get your dopamine.”可知,作者指出多巴胺可以激励我们实现目标,提高自我,可是同时也容易出现多巴胺耐受状况,出现因游戏、网络上瘾而耽误自己的学习或者工作的情况,因此作者对多巴胺的态度是客观的。故选B。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文,主要介绍了人们在面对与自己观点相反的信息时,往往会产生“确认偏见”,即倾向于寻找能证实自己观点的信息,而避免与之相反的信息。文章建议我们在争论中寻找共同点、接纳不同的信息,这样可以使我们的观点更有说服力,也能开阔我们的视野。
32.D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Humans have a well-documented bias (偏见) called ‘confirmation bias’, which is a tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing views and to avoid information that disconfirms them.”(人类有一种有据可查的偏见,被称为“确认偏见”,这是一种倾向,即寻找证实我们现有观点的信息,避免不符合这些观点的信息。)可知,D选项“我们更喜欢符合我们观点的信息”符合“确认偏见”。故选D。
33.B 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“In fact, it turns out that instead of citing why you are right and someone else is wrong in a heated conversation, one of the most effective strategies you can use for changing someone’s mind is to find areas where you agree.”(实际上,事实证明在激烈的争论中,改变他人观点最有效的策略之一就是找到你们都认同的地方,而不是列举你为什么是对的,别人为什么是错的。)可推知,“honey”指的是找到共同点。故选B。
34.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Make your bias a disconfirmation bias; in other words, when you have an opinion on something, don’t just read information that confirms it. Instead, make an effort to find information that could potentially prove you wrong. If you were right all along, this exercise will only make your arguments stronger. If you were wrong, your mind will have been opened up to new ideas.”(让你的偏见成为“不确认偏见”;换句话说,当你对某事有看法时,不要只阅读证实它的信息。相反,要努力寻找可能证明你错了的信息。如果你一直都是对的,这个练习只会让你的论点更有力。如果你错了,你的思想就会向新观点开放。)可知,获取与我们的观点相反的信息能让我们受益。故选D。
35.C 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了人们在面对与自己观点相反的信息时,往往会产生“确认偏见”,即倾向于寻找能证实自己观点的信息,而避免与之相反的信息。文章建议我们在争论中寻找共同点、接纳不同的信息,这样可以使我们的观点更有说服力,也能开阔我们的视野。所以短文的最佳标题为“如何在两极分化的交流中改变想法”。故选C。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了“愧疚愉悦”的概念,指出适度的自我奖赏可以提升情绪、增强自信,但应避免过度放纵。
36.B 根据上文“But should we feel like this ”可知,这句话询问我们是否应该对自我奖赏感到内疚。选项B (我们真的需要因为奖赏自己而感到内疚吗 ) 承接上文,继续提出问题,第二段段首“Perhaps not.”对问题进行了回答;由此可知,B选项符合语境。故选B项。
37.F 上文“Psychologists have suggested that buying things for yourself can make you feel better as it provides an opportunity to take control of your situation.”说明购物可以帮助提升情绪,并且提供掌控感。选项F(它可以通过改变你的形象给你提供社交接触并且让你提升自信。) 进一步阐述了购物的积极影响,符合语境。故选F项。
38.G 上文“People might spend money that they don’t have at all or turn to some dangerous addictions.”提到了人们在压力下自我放纵的不健康行为;选项G (心理学家Leon Seltzer考虑了自我放纵和自我滋养之间的区别。) 承接上文;下文“Self-indulgence can be reckless and have negative consequences, while self-nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care of ourselves in ways that don’t have a significant impact.”承接G选项,详细阐述了自我放纵和自我滋养之间的区别。故选G项。
39.C 下文“Many universities publish guides with advice for coping with exam stress.”提到了大学提供的关于应对考试压力的帮助;由此可知,设空处与考试压力有关;选项C (人们可能需要应对的一种压力是考试压力。) 符合语境,exam stress为原词复现。故选C项。
40.D 下文“They also suggest doing things that you enjoy much and are good at so that you can feel a sense of accomplishment and avoiding things that may make you feel worse afterwards.”指出,他们也建议做喜欢或擅长的事情来获得成就感,结合句中also可知,设空处是一个关于自我滋养的建议;选项D (心理学家建议奖励自己的努力。)符合语境,下文中的代词they指代选项中的psychologists。故选D项。
第三部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述的是四年前Leykin遭遇事故失去双腿,但他在康复中心接触到手轮车运动后,通过刻苦训练,成功征服了手轮车运动,并在比赛中取得佳绩。
41.C 根据上文中的“Four years ago, an accident happened to Leykin.”可知,四年前Leykin遭遇了一次事故,结合下文中的“…the loss of both of his legs…”可知,此处指的是这次事故“导致”失去双腿。故选C项。bring back使想起; hold back阻挡; result in导致;pass down流传。
42.A 根据下文中的“He finished that race in 2 hours and 11 minutes…”以及多次提到的与比赛相关的事情可知,此处指的是他喜欢上了“比赛”。故选A项。race比赛;jog慢跑;hike徒步旅行;jump跳跃。
43.D 根据下文中的“…because I really liked going fast…”可知,Leykin很喜欢跑得快,由此可推断,此处指的是他“想要”让风穿过他的头发。故选D项。choose选择;continue继续;promise承诺; want需要,想要。
44.A 根据上文中的“I really…to get that wind back in my hair, because I really liked going fast…”可知,Leykin说自己真的很想让风穿过他的头发,真的很喜欢跑得快,由此可推断,Leykin应该是很“坚定地”说。故选A项。firmly坚定地,牢固地;hurriedly匆忙地;nervously紧张地; casually随意地。
45.B 根据上文中的“Four years ago, an accident happened to Leykin.”可知,Leykin四年前遭遇了事故,由此可知,此处指的是发生“事故”之前。故选B项。encounter偶遇;accident事故; experiment实验;adventure冒险。
46.A 根据上文中的“Leykin was never a big runner.”可知,Leykin不是“运动型的”。故选A项。athletic运动型的; busy忙碌的;confident自信的;optimistic乐观的。
47.B 根据上文中的“Leykin was never a big runner.”并结合but以及下文中的“…when he was at a rehabilitation (康复) centre after the…”可知,此处指的是一切都“改变”了。故选B项。 flash闪现; change改变; disappear消失; survive幸存。
48.C 根据上文中的“…he was at a rehabilitation (康复) centre…”可知,他在康复中心,由此可知,此处指的是在“手术”之后。故选C项。observation观察; inspection检查; operation手术,操作; investigation调查。
49.A 根据上文中的“…someone from Achilles International, an organization that helps people with all kinds of disabilities…”可知,在他康复期间,一个帮助残疾人的组织中的一个人向他“介绍”了手轮车运动。故选A项。 introduce介绍;return归还;link连接;send发送。
50.B 根据下文中的“He handcycled at least 13.1 miles a couple times a week in marathon preparation and spent a lot of time in the…”可知,他为了准备马拉松比赛,每周至少完成几次13.1英里的训练,由此可知,此处指的是他“投入”训练。故选B项。contribution贡献;commitment投入; progress进步;sacrifice牺牲。
51.C 根据上文中的“He made…to training.”可知,他全身心投入训练,由此可知,此处指的是他在“健身房”花很多时间。故选C项。lab实验室;library图书馆;gym健身房;hospital医院。
52.D 根据上文中的“He was on a mission to conquer (征服) the handcycling world.”可知,他的使命是征服手轮车世界,结合下文中的“…a 40-mile ride through New York City.”可知,此处指的是他“完成”了在纽约市40英里的自行车之旅。故选D项。organize组织; register登记,注册;book预订;complete完成。
53.D 根据常识以及上文中的“Within a few months, he…the TD Five Boro Bike Tour, a 40-mile ride through New York City.”可知,他完成了在纽约市40英里的自行车之旅,所以完成第一次马拉松比赛应该是一个“自然的”进展。故选D项。unbelievable难以置信的;great伟大的;precious宝贵的;natural自然的。
54.C 根据上文中的“He finished that race in 2 hours and 11 minutes…”可知,他的马拉松比赛成绩是2 小时 11 分钟,结合下文中的“…12th out of 38.”可知,此处指的是他在38名选手中“排名”第12位。故选C项。expect期待;strike击打;rank排名;reach到达。
55.D 根据上文中的“There will be ups and downs…but the trend is what’s important.”可知,Leykin认为有好的趋势是重要的,所以应该要“专注于”好的方面。故选D项。work out计算出;deal with处理;call for需要;focus on专注于。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了在动物福利倡导者沈志军的努力下南京红山森林动物园经历了令人瞩目的转折。
56.survival 考查名词。空格处位于形容词性物主代词its之后,所以需要填入名词;survive的名词形式为survival,意为“生存”。故填survival。
57.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处为定语从句的关系词,从句中句子成分完整,所以需要填入关系副词;此处表示的是地点,所以用where。故填where。
58.the 考查冠词。空格处位于单数可数名词前,所以需要用冠词;此处特指动物园的转折,所以用定冠词the。故填the。
59.to publicize 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句中已经有谓语动词,因此需要填入非谓语动词,此处表示目的,所以用动词不定式。故填to publicize。
60.titled 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处需要填入非谓语动词,动词title与其逻辑主语speech之间为动宾关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填titled。
61.expressions 考查名词复数。此处指的是动物们的表情,所以需要用复数。故填expressions。
62.traditionally 考查副词。修饰空格后的动词短语serve as,应用副词。故填traditionally。
63.existing 考查形容词。空格处位于名词短语mountainous terrain之前,因此需要填入形容词;exist的形容词形式为existing,意为“现有的”。故填existing。
64.be housed 考查动词语态。分析句子结构可知,空格处需要填入定语从句的谓语动词,house作动词时,意为“提供住处”;句子的主语animals与动词house之间为被动关系,所以需要填入被动语态;空格前为情态动词can,空格处用动词原形。故填be housed。
65.as 考查介词。此处as作介词,意为“作为”。故填as。
第四部分
第一节
One possible version:
A man of perseverance
Good morning, everyone. Today, I’d like to share a story about a man of perseverance.
Thomas Edison, the great inventor, faced numerous failures before his groundbreaking success. He made countless attempts to invent the electric light bulb, experiencing over a thousand failures. However, instead of giving up, he famously said, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 1,000 ways that won’t work.” His tenacity and refusal to accept defeat ultimately led him to success, forever changing the world.
This story teaches me a valuable lesson about perseverance. It reminds me that failure is not a reason to quit but an opportunity to learn and grow.
Thanks for your listening.
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了莉莉上中学的第一周非常紧张,害怕在其他孩子面前说话,也不认为别人会喜欢她。在语言艺术课上,莉莉当着全班同学的面朗读了自己的作文,得到了大家的认可,莉莉也获得了自信。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“一周后,上课铃响了,语言艺术课又开始了。”可知,第一段可描写莉莉在课上朗读作文的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“莉莉念完后,同学们的掌声持续了很长时间。”可知,第二段可描写莉莉得到了同学的认可,获得了自信。
2.续写线索:开始上课—紧张—老师开玩笑—朗读—鼓掌—获得自信
One possible version:
A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again. Lily was nervous with her head down(with复合结构). After other students finished reading the papers one by one (时间状语从句), finally, it was Lily’s turn. Frozen with fear(形容词作状语), Lily stood in front of the class, her hands holding her paper and shaking(独立主格结构). Seeing it(现在分词作状语), Mr Johnson told a funny joke, which made all laugh(定语从句). Feeling more relaxed(现在分词作状语), Lily began reading. She was so focused that she felt she was alone (结果状语从句). She didn’t notice that her story soon attracted all her classmates who sat up straight(定语从句), without any chatting. They were lost in her fantastic story.
After Lily finished her reading, the clapping from her classmates continued for a long time. Lily was shocked. When raising her head(省略结构), she found everyone staring (find+宾语+宾补) at her excitedly. Lily finally smiled. She found everyone in the class responded to her story positively. After that class, Lily slowly lifted her head while walking(省略结构). Later, she kept writing. And she began speaking in front of people and enjoyed it. A braver and more confident girl appeared. And she was grateful to Mr Johnson who believed in every student(定语从句).单元素养测评卷(一)
Unit 1
(时间:120分钟 分值:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1.What is the woman looking for
A.Frozen food. B.Sausage.
C.Oil.
( )2.What is the relationship between the speakers
A.Husband and wife. B.Colleagues.
C.Boss and employee.
( )3.How much does the man actually need to pay
A.46 dollars. B.54 dollars.
C.100 dollars.
( )4.What did the man do
A.He moved to a new place. B.He sold some souvenirs.
C.He took a good trip.
( )5.What does the man think of the art exhibition
A.Quite amazing. B.Rather boring.
C.Poorly organized.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6.What is the woman’s final destination
A.New York. B.San Francisco.
C.Los Angeles.
( )7.What do we know about the woman
A.She may refuse the man’s suggestion.
B.She needn’t pay extra charge.
C.She missed her flight to New York.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
( )8.What do both Mary and Paul have for breakfast
A.Ham and oranges. B.Bread and butter.
C.Bread and eggs.
( )9.Where does Paul probably come from
A.Britain. B.China. C.America.
( )10.Where does the woman often have lunch
A.In a dining hall. B.In her office.
C.In her kitchen.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
( )11.Why does the man make the phone call
A.To change a meeting time.
B.To talk with Brian Hibberd.
C.To leave a message.
( )12.What is Brian Hibberd doing
A.Making a phone call. B.Going on a holiday.
C.Attending a meeting.
( )13.At what time will the man meet Brian Hibberd this Wednesday
A.At 3:00 pm. B.At 4:15 pm.
C.At 4:50 pm.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
( )14.Who does James buy a gift for
A.His father. B.His sister.
C.His roommate.
( )15.What does James think of choosing a gift
A.Interesting. B.Difficult. C.Easy.
( )16.What is the most important for a gift according to Linda
A.Being impressive. B.Being decorative.
C.Being practical.
( )17.How can James choose the colour in Linda’s opinion
A.By referring to the receiver’s last backpack.
B.By choosing the most popular colour.
C.By asking the receiver’s advice.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
( )18.Why should the dirt be loose
A.To fill the pot. B.To let the roots spread.
C.To let more sun in.
( )19.How does the speaker measure the water
A.By counting up. B.By using her finger.
C.By checking the pot.
( )20.What is the talk about
A.Protecting a tree. B.Growing a plant.
C.Preserving some apples.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A [2024·福建泉州四校高二期末]
Volunteer by supporting a local animal rescue centre in
Costa Rica!
If you like animals and are also interested in preserving the environment, you will be perfect for this programme. You will be helping out and supporting a local animal shelter. Not only does this shelter take in homeless animals, but also wild animals which are in bad condition.
In addition to the caretaking of the animals, volunteers help us welcome visitors at the entrance and answer any questions that visitors may have about the shelter or its animals. As volunteers spend more days in the shelter, knowledge about wildlife management will grow.
Requirements
*You need to be at least 15 years old on the programme start date at the high school level or above.
*Speaking English is a basic requirement.
*No restrictions on nationality. Helping hands both in Costa Rica and beyond are welcome.
*Your helping hand will be required from 9:00 to 15:00 on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.
Programme fees
Duration Programme fees
1 week (minimum stay) $350
2 weeks $700
3 weeks $1,050
4 weeks $1,400
5 weeks $1,750
50 weeks (maximum stay) $17,500
*Booking payments (15%): The booking payment is simply to reserve your volunteer placement. Payment is made by PayPal. You can also pay using a credit card.
*Final payments (85%): Your final payment will be agreed with Volunteer Now Costa Rica during the application process.
( )21.What can a volunteer do in the rescue centre
A.Communicate with visitors.
B.Get trained to place animals.
C.Give lectures about animals.
D.Search for homeless animals.
( )22.Who can volunteer in the programme
A.A French-speaking adult.
B.A primary schoolchild.
C.A college student from America.
D.A local person free on Fridays.
( )23.How much should a volunteer pay at least to make a reservation
A.$52.5. B.$105.
C.$297.5. D.$350.
B [2024·广东江门新会第一中学高二期末]
At the Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia, halfway in the women’s slalom (障碍滑雪) race, 18-year-old Mikaela Shiffrin took a commanding lead over the greatest women’s slalom skiers in the world. On her final run, she burst from the start at breakneck speed, snaking around the poles in crazy rhythm.
Skiing has always been a significant part of Mikaela’s life. Her mum raced and coached skiing and her dad raced skiing all through college. The Shiffrins taught Mikaela and her brother, Taylor, to ski at a very young age. At the age of two and a half, Mikaela made her first ski run on plastic skis. From ages 8 to 11, she worked hard, practising hundreds of training runs on small hills repeatedly to develop the correct techniques of slalom skiing.
When Mikaela was 11, she attended the Burke Mountain Academy, a Vermont boarding school for skiers. She took classes, studied, and practised her skiing crazily. According to Kirk Dwyer, Burke Mountain Academy headmaster, “It was the degree of Mikaela’s effort to be the best that distinguished her from others. Her commitment to conditioning, having proper sleep, eating correctly, doing the drills, and watching video was unusual for an 11- to 13-year-old. Mikaela practised more than anyone and believed in herself then and now.”
By the time she was 17, she had already won her first World Cup race.
Working hard is a full-time job for Mikaela. Even her off-season is work time. In the summer, when Mikaela is off the ski slopes and in the gym, her daily training consists of six to seven hours of weight lifting, swimming, and biking to improve her core strength and flexibility. She does all of this so that she can dash down slopes at speeds topping 50 miles per hour while cutting back and forth around gates with astonishing precision.
“If you have passion for your targets, whatever they are,” she says, “the sky is the limit. Give it your all!”
( )24.What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A.Mikaela came from a skiing family.
B.Mikaela’s mother taught her to ski first.
C.Mikaela trained harder than her brother.
D.Mikaela’s father coached skiing in college.
( )25.Why were headmaster Kirk Dwyer’s words cited
A.To stress Mikaela was a crazy teenager.
B.To show Mikaela’s distinct personality.
C.To praise the good students in his school.
D.To highlight Mikaela’s great devotion to training.
( )26.Which of the following words can best describe Mikaela
A.Talented and wise.
B.Creative and determined.
C.Flexible and brave.
D.Determined and self-disciplined.
( )27.What does Mikaela Shiffrin’s story convey
A.Practice makes perfect.
B.Not to advance is to go back.
C.He who laughs last laughs best.
D.Actions speak louder than words.
C
Why are some people more motivated to handle difficult things And is there a way to make doing difficult things easy To answer the question, we need to look at this: dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine gives us the motivation to get up and do stuff.
In fact, your brain develops priorities in large part based on how much dopamine it’s expecting to get. If an activity releases too little dopamine, you won’t have much motivation to do it. But if an activity releases a lot of dopamine, you’ll be motivated to repeat it, over and over. So which behaviour releases dopamine Any activity where you anticipate there’s a potential reward releases it.
And in today’s digital society, we are flooding our brains with unnaturally high amounts of dopamine on a daily basis, even if we don’t know it. Some examples of high dopamine behaviour include: scrolling through social media websites, playing video games, etc.
And you might think, “So what It won’t harm me in any way.” But you’d be wrong. Whenever an imbalance occurs, our body adapts to it and those high levels of dopamine become your new routine. Thus you develop a dopamine tolerance. This can be harmful because the things that don’t give you as much dopamine don’t interest you any longer. That’s why people prefer playing video games or browsing the Internet, compared with studying or working.
But it is possible to make doing difficult things feel easier. Separate yourself from the unnaturally high amounts of dopamine, or at least expose yourself to it far less frequently. Only then will low dopamine activities become exciting again. That’s why you might want to limit your phone and computer usage.
We are all dopamine addicts. And that’s a good thing because dopamine motivates us to achieve our goals. But it’s up to you to decide where you are going to get your dopamine. Are you going to get it from things that don’t benefit you or from working on your long-term goals The choice is yours.
( )28.When is dopamine released
A.When we get up and do stuff.
B.When we take pleasure in the behaviour.
C.When possible benefits can be obtained.
D.When difficult things come into being.
( )29.What can we learn from the passage
A.Dopamine does great harm to our body.
B.It’s hard for our body to keep the balance.
C.Dopamine tolerance keeps us away from games.
D.Video games produce more dopamine than study.
( )30.What is the purpose of the fifth paragraph
A.To offer solutions to dopamine tolerance.
B.To introduce the effects of dopamine.
C.To explain why dopamine is harmful.
D.To stress the importance of dopamine.
( )31.What is the author’s attitude towards dopamine
A.Doubtful. B.Objective.
C.Supportive. D.Disapproving.
D [2024·山东潍坊高二期末]
When discussions are getting heated, divisions on opinions potentially lead to some awkward moments. This causes many of us to struggle with how to convince people to change their minds and how to argue our side effectively. Unfortunately, we’ve already become quite divided.
One study showed that when people receive information against their belief, their brains aren’t as active as when they receive information that confirms their belief. Humans have a well-documented bias (偏见) called “confirmation bias”, which is a tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing views and to avoid information that disconfirms them.
Throwing data at people isn’t at all effective in changing minds and especially hearts. Instead, people just find it super annoying. Luckily, research has provided some guidance about best practices, and, not surprisingly, they all suggest what our parents have been telling us for decades: you catch more flies with honey than with vinegar. In fact, it turns out that instead of citing why you are right and someone else is wrong in a heated conversation, one of the most effective strategies you can use for changing someone’s mind is to find areas where you agree.
Another thing we can do is to be open to other perspectives. We can start by acknowledging our own confirmation bias and making a conscious effort to override it. We can also try to take other people’s perspectives. And better yet—ask them for it. Ask them why they feel the way they do and what would change their minds. Be open to admitting that you could be wrong and make it easy for others to admit their own mistakes.
Finally, make new friends—friends that are different from you. Make your bias a disconfirmation bias; in other words, when you have an opinion on something, don’t just read information that confirms it. Instead, make an effort to find information that could potentially prove you wrong. If you were right all along, this exercise will only make your arguments stronger. If you were wrong, your mind will have been opened up to new ideas. Either way, this kind of open-mindedness will give you a brand-new perspective on life, and you might even make some unlikely new friends in the process.
( )32.Which can illustrate “confirmation bias”
A.We tend to welcome different ideas.
B.We accept messages from others.
C.We argue against points of disagreement.
D.We prefer information in line with our views.
( )33.What does the underlined word “honey”in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.Following advice.
B.Sharing common ground.
C.Admitting mistakes.
D.Blocking different ideas.
( )34.How can we benefit from our bias according to the last paragraph
A.By letting go of our own opinion.
B.By making arguments more reliable.
C.By opening up minds to new friends.
D.By securing information opposite to ours.
( )35.What is the best title of the text
A.How to negotiate with others
B.Why it’s so hard to change hearts and minds
C.How to shift minds in polarized communication
D.Why open-mindedness is effective in conversations
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2024·湖北武汉新洲区高二期末]
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Guilty pleasures
You might have heard of the expression “a guilty pleasure”—maybe it’s the chocolate bar you buy on the way home from work, or the new clothes that you don’t really need. It comes from the idea that when we treat ourselves, it can sometimes leave us feeling guilty. Perhaps we don’t feel we deserved it, or we don’t think it was a responsible way to spend our money. But should we feel like this 36.
Perhaps not. Psychologists have suggested that buying things for yourself can make you feel better as it provides an opportunity to take control of your situation. 37. It may be that as well as lifting your mood, when you buy a treat, you might just be looking after yourself.
Of course, there are also examples of people turning to destructive behaviour when faced with stressful circumstances. People might spend money that they don’t have at all or turn to some dangerous addictions. 38. Self-indulgence can be reckless and have negative consequences, while self-nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care of ourselves in ways that don’t have a significant impact.
39. Many universities publish guides with advice for coping with exam stress. It’s essential to reflect the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing. 40. They also suggest doing things that you enjoy much and are good at so that you can feel a sense of accomplishment and avoiding things that may make you feel worse afterwards.
So perhaps, as long as we make responsible decisions, we shouldn’t feel guilty about our guilty pleasures.
A.Do we need to have a guilty or clear conscience
B.Do we really have to feel guilty about treating ourselves
C.One stress that people may need to deal with is exam stress.
D.Psychologists recommend rewarding yourself for your efforts.
E.So we should keep a balance between self-indulgence and self-nurturing.
F.It can give you social contact and a confidence boost by changing your image.
G.Psychologist Leon Seltzer considers the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
[2024·河南新未来高二期末联考]
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Four years ago, an accident happened to Leykin. The accident 41 the loss of both of his legs. But with the loss of his legs, Leykin gained a new passion for 42 . “I really 43 to get that wind back in my hair, because I really liked going fast,” he said 44 .
Leykin was never a big runner. Before his 45 , he said he wasn’t really that 46 . But that all 47 when he was at a rehabilitation (康复) centre after the 48 . While there, someone from Achilles International, an organization that helps people with all kinds of disabilities, 49 him to handcycling.
He made 50 to training. He handcycled at least 13.1 miles a couple times a week in marathon preparation and spent a lot of time in the 51 . He was on a mission to conquer (征服) the handcycling world.
Within a few months, he 52 the TD Five Boro Bike Tour, a 40-mile ride through New York City. After that, he said it seemed like a(n) 53 progression to do his first marathon in 2021. He finished that race in 2 hours and 11 minutes, 54 12th out of 38.
“There will be ups and downs…but the trend is what’s important. 55 the good,” he said peacefully. “And also, take your big problems and divide them into small solutions. And then suddenly, your many big problems turn into many, many, many small wins.”
( )41.A.brought back B.held back
C.resulted in D.passed down
( )42.A.racing B.jogging
C.hiking D.jumping
( )43.A.chose B.continued
C.promised D.wanted
( )44.A.firmly B.hurriedly
C.nervously D.casually
( )45.A.encounter B.accident
C.experiment D.adventure
( )46.A.athletic B.busy
C.confident D.optimistic
( )47.A.flashed B.changed
C.disappeared D.survived
( )48.A.observation B.inspection
C.operation D.investigation
( )49.A.introduced B.returned
C.linked D.sent
( )50.A.contributions B.commitment
C.progress D.sacrifice
( )51.A.lab B.library
C.gym D.hospital
( )52.A.organized B.registered
C.booked D.completed
( )53.A.unbelievable B.great
C.precious D.natural
( )54.A.expecting B.striking
C.ranking D.reaching
( )55.A.Work out B.Deal with
C.Call for D.Focus on
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2024·福建师范大学附属中学高二期末]
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, once struggling to sustain its 56. (survive), has undergone a remarkable turnaround. It has become a popular destination 57. visitors can glimpse diverse animals and appreciate the beauty and significance of life.
The man behind 58. U-turn is Shen Zhijun, an animal welfare advocate. Last August, Shen took to the Internet 59. (publicize) his decade-long reform efforts—an overall campaign transforming the conventional zoo into a conservation-focused sanctuary(保护区). During his 30-minute speech 60. (title) “A Zoo’s Pursuit”, Shen showcased the successful changes that he had performed.
After witnessing the helpless and hopeless 61. (expression) of the animals, Shen’s team set about making changes. Initially, they removed animal shows, which 62. (tradition) serve as the financial backbone of zoos. Subsequently, they transformed the park’s landscape, cleverly using the 63. (exist) mountainous terrain of Hongshan to reproduce the natural habitats of animals in the wild. Plus, they introduced “multi-level villas” where animals belonging to the same ecological zone but not occupying the base of the food chain can 64. (house) together, based on their ecological and geographical distribution.
This zoo has emerged 65. the most animal-friendly zoo in China. Striking a balance between respecting animals’ dignity and providing visitors with enjoyable experiences is a challenging task, but Shen’s team has successfully achieved it.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你班本周Class Report的主题是A man of perseverance(毅力)。请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括:
1.人物事迹简介;
2.给你的启示。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分) [2024·河北唐山百师联盟高二期末]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the first week of Lily’s middle school. The bell’s ringing brought her out of her daydreaming. She nervously gathered her books, preparing to reach another classroom for the next new class.
Lily followed the other kids and rushed into the hallway. Others walked in groups, chatted, and laughed, using the break to socialize. Lily, instead, walked alone along the wall of the hallway, with her head down. She was a shy girl, afraid to speak in front of other kids, and didn’t think others would like her.
Lily finally sat in Mr Johnson’s Language Arts class nervously. “Welcome to Language Arts,” said Mr Johnson. He told jokes as he talked about English. Lily forgot to daydream and laughed along with the rest of the class. “We’ll have some fun with language,” he said. “Just wait and see.”
Fun was far beyond what Lily desired. She just wanted to be like other kids—running with friends in the hallway, laughing and joking between classes. Reminded of her pimply (长粉刺的) face, she felt hopeless and disappointed.
“Take out a piece of paper,” the teacher continued, when pointing at words on the blackboard. “Write for the next thirty minutes on this topic.” Lily began writing crazily as idea after idea fought for recognition in her head. The final result was a short story about a beautiful beach house. As she wrote, she could smell the salty air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand beneath her feet. For just a moment, she forgot where she was. She was lost in the story.
“OK, pass your papers forward,” said the teacher. “Let’s see what we have.” For the rest of the class time, the teacher read each individual work aloud. Lily originally thought it would be awkward. However, she was gradually attracted by the excitement in the teacher’s voice. “He’s actually enjoying this,” she thought. When the class would be soon over, there were still fifteen students’ papers not read, including Lily’s paper. Then, Mr Johnson announced his decision, asking these students to read their work themselves in front of the class next class.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again.
Paragraph 2:
After Lily finished her reading, the clapping from her classmates continued for a long time.
