单元素养测评卷(五)
1—5 BBBBB 6—10 BCCBA 11—15 BACBC 16—20 BCCBA
21—25 BCADD 26—30 CBCBD 31—35 BCCDA 36—40 GDAFC
41—45 DBAAD 46—50 CACBC 51—55 CCABA
第一部分
录音稿
Text 1
W: Would you prefer tea or coffee
M: I think a glass of cold water would be best. There is nothing like it when the weather is so hot.
Text 2
W: Oh, dear, I have locked the key in my room again. How I wish I could remember it!
M: Well, don’t worry. These things happen a lot.
W: What can we do now
M: Dial 911.
Text 3
W: My computer is running so slowly that I want to get a new one.
M: There’s a new computer coming out in early September.
W: Oh, no. I’m unwilling to wait three months. I’ll buy one next month.
Text 4
W: Hey, Mike. Why the long face
M: Well, it’s the speech contest. I thought I would win, but…
W: Cheer up, Mike. You’ve tried your best after all.
Text 5
W: Could you push the button for the tenth floor, please
M: Of course. Do you live in this building
W: No, I’m just visiting a colleague from work. She has an apartment on the tenth floor. Do you live here
M: Yes, I do. It’s not a bad building to live in, really.
Text 6
W: Excuse me. Do you think I can return this coat
M: What’s the problem with it
W: It’s too small.
M: OK. I see. I’m afraid I can’t give you a cash return, but you can change it.
W: I believe you sell it for $49.95.
M: Yes. I’ll take the coats of the same price for you to choose from.
W: That one looks nice. May I have a try
M: It’s $55.95. If you want it, you’ll pay some extra money.
W: OK. I will.
Text 7
M: I dropped the accounting class in college. Now I regret that. After graduation, I’ve been trying to find a job in accounting, but so far I haven’t succeeded.
W: It’s really difficult to find an ideal job, right
M: Yes. If I had not given up the accounting class then, I would become an accountant now.
W: Well, don’t be too hard on yourself. By the way, what do you think of your present job as a bank clerk
M: Frankly, if I had known it was so boring, I would never have accepted it.
W: I know. Well, you know I have a friend who works in an accounting firm. He wants to hire an assistant to help him deal with accounting affairs. I would like to recommend you to him.
M: Really Thanks a million. I owe you a meal.
Text 8
W: I visited the countryside museum last week. It opened two months ago. You’d like it there.
M: Why Is there lots of information about trees
W: No. It’s about wild birds that live in the forest. You can watch videos there too.
M: Oh! Is it open on Saturdays
W: Yes. It’s only closed on Mondays. I went on a Thursday.
M: And where is it
W: It’s fifteen miles from here. It took about twenty minutes to get there and about thirty to get home because the roads were busier then. Here’s a map for your parents.
M: Thanks.
W: When I went, there was a special plant exhibition but they’re having a study day for teenagers there soon about different kinds of clouds.
M: Do I have to pay for the study day
W: You’re fourteen, aren’t you
M: Yes.
W: Well, you won’t because it’s free for students who are your age or younger. But it costs ￡18 for students who are sixteen or older.
M: Thanks. I’ll tell my parents.
Text 9
W: Hi, John. Long time no see. How are you doing
M: I am doing OK. It would be better if I had a job.
W: Are you looking for a job
M: Yes. I graduated a month ago. Now, I want to get a job in the financial field.
W: How long have you been looking for a new job
M: I just started this week.
W: Didn’t you have any interviews with those firms that came to our campus two months ago I believe quite a few companies came to hire students for their Finance Departments.
M: I got only one interview. But I have not heard from them. I guess I did not make it.
W: Don’t worry. You always did well in school. Your good grades will help you get a job quickly. Besides, the job market is pretty good right now, and all companies need financial analysts. Did you mail your résumé to recruiting agencies
M: No, I have not thought about recruiting agencies. But, I do look closely at the employment ads listed in the newspaper every day.
W: Are there a lot of openings
M: Quite a few. Some of them require experienced candidates. What you suggested sounds good. I may give it a try.
Text 10
M: Holidays are happy days with pleasurable activities and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with those delicious foods. With proper planning though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don’t have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you. Do not miss meals. Before you leave home for a big dinner, have a small, low-fat snack. This may help to keep you from overeating when you see tables full of delicious food. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate. A large plate will encourage you to have more than you need. Stay away from high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have a lot of fat in them. Choose meats containing little or no fat. Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try fruits. They don’t have as much fat as cream and chocolate. Don’t take a break from exercise during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off extra calories.
第二部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍的是四艘古代的沉船。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Esmeralda部分中的“First discovered in 1998 and then extensively excavated (发掘) by a team led by David Mearns between 2013 and 2015, it is the oldest shipwreck (沉船) recovered from Europe’s Age of Exploration.”可知,该沉船是在1998年首次被发现的;根据Black Sea Shipwreck部分中的“Discovered in 2018 by a team from the Black Sea Maritime Archaeology Project, the ship sank more than 2,400 years ago.”可知,Black Sea Shipwreck是在2018年被发现的;根据Gribshunden部分中的“There, it lay undiscovered until members of a local dive club came across it in the 1970s; unaware of its significance, they did not report it to archaeologists until 2000, and not until 2013 was the wreck’s identity confirmed.”可知,Gribshunden沉船是在20世纪70年代被一家潜水俱乐部的成员发现的;根据Black Swan部分中的“In May 2007, a Florida-based company announced that, using underwater robots, it had discovered a shipwreck in the Atlantic, code-named (代号为) ‘Black Swan’.”可知,Black Swan沉船是在2007年5月被发现的。对比以上沉船被发现的时间可知,Black Sea Shipwreck被发现的时间是最新的。故选B项。
22.C 细节理解题。根据Black Sea Shipwreck部分中的“It is the oldest undamaged shipwreck ever found. ‘A ship in such good condition from the classical world is something I would never have believed possible,’ said Professor Jon Adams, the principal investigator of the team that found the wreck.”可知,这是迄今为止被发现的最古老的完好无损的沉船;结合Gribshunden部分中的“Considered one of the best-preserved shipwrecks of the period, it has slowly been revealing its secrets.”可知,Gribshunden沉船被认为是那个时期保存最完好的沉船之一。综合以上信息可知,这两艘沉船的共同之处是它们被发现时保存完好。故选C项。
23.A 细节理解题。根据Black Swan部分中的“After a long legal battle, the treasure was returned to Spain in 2012.”可知,在经过长期的法律斗争后,Black Swan才得以回归西班牙。由此可知,西班牙是诉诸法律才使Black Swan回归的。故选A项。
B
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了考古学家对尼安德特人使用火的方式进行了研究,解释了研究的过程以及结果。
24.D 推理判断题。根据第二段“At least 400,000 years ago, campfires went mainstream as early humans used them as a means of survival. As time went by, they made fires inside the caves where they lived and did so without a fireplace or a chimney.”(至少40万年前,营火成为主流,因为早期人类将其作为一种生存手段。随着时间的推移,他们在他们居住的洞穴里生火,而且没有壁炉或烟囱。)可知,尼安德特人使用火的方式随着时间的推移而发展。故选D。
25.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘When you make a fire in an enclosed space, there is a danger of breathing in smoke. And in many cases, it doesn’t allow one even to stay near the fire because of smoke,’ said Ran Barkai, an archaeologist at Tel Aviv University.”(特拉维夫大学考古学家Ran Barkai 表示:“当你在封闭的空间生火时,存在吸入烟雾的危险。在许多情况下,由于烟雾的存在,甚至不允许人们留在火附近。”)和第四段中“So how did Neanderthals do it Barkai and his team were determined to find out. They built a virtual model of the Lazaret Cave on France’s Mediterranean coast—a place early humans called home 170,000 years ago.”(那么穴居人是怎么做到的呢 Barkai和他的团队决心找到答案。他们建造了一个法国地中海沿岸拉扎雷特洞穴的虚拟模型,这里是17万年前早期人类称之为家的地方。)可知,Barkai的团队建立一个拉扎雷特洞穴的虚拟模型是为了了解尼安德特人是如何在封闭的地方使用火的。故选D。
26.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the middle of the cave is the best place if you wish to avoid as much smoke as possible…”(如果你想尽量避免烟雾,洞穴的中央是最好的地方……)可知,早期尼安德特人在洞穴的中间部分生火来避免烟雾。故选C。
27.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What I want most is to take a look at other sites that have relatively complete and undamaged caves and see if the practice supports their conclusion…”(我最想做的是看看其他拥有相对完整和完好的洞穴的遗址,看看这种做法是否支持他们的结论……)可知,Sarah Hlubik认为这个实验的结果需要更多的支持证据。故选B。
C
【文章大意】 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了微生物对身体的影响以及科学家对微生物研究的发展状况。
28.C 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling—it’s now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells.”可知,年轻男性身上的微生物比人类细胞数量略多。故选C。
29.B 词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段画线词后的句子“…it’s now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells.”可知,成年男性有38万亿个微生物,数量非常多,比实际的人类细胞数量略多,由此可知“Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling…”中的mind-boggling意为“惊人的”,与astonishing意思相近。故选B。
30.D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease but can’t yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of micro-organisms and their effects on us as hosts.”可知,科学家虽然发现微生物群和疾病之间有联系,但是没有证据证明其中的因果关系。因此,微生物与疾病之间的关系尚不清楚。故选D。
31.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据文章第一段“The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物) living inside us, the more they learn about the surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and feel. Are our health and well-being really driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠), in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs What a weird concept—that the bugs we carry around appear to be essential to establishing the basic nature of who we are.”以及第二段“The effects of the microbiome, the micro-organisms that exist in human bodies, can be profound and can start incredibly early.”可知,本文主要阐述研究表明,人体内存在的微生物群数量惊人,对人类的外表、行为、思维和感觉有惊人影响,这种影响可能产生较早且是深远的,而且微生物群和疾病之间也有联系。选项B(微生物如何塑造我们的生命)能够概括文章主旨,适合作为本文的标题。故选B。
D
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。本文主要探讨了复活灭绝动物物种(如渡渡鸟、猛犸象)的科学可能性与生态意义,虽然技术挑战重重,但若成功,或将恢复生态系统多样性。
32.C 段落大意题。根据第二段“The story in modern times began in 1990 when Michael Crichton published his science fiction novel Jurassic Park, in which he imagined a world where scientists were able to bring dinosaurs back to life. Crichton imagined that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology could be a way to amplify (放大) tiny quantities of dinosaur DNA and thus build a living embryo.”可知,这一段主要讲述了由迈克尔·克莱顿的小说《侏罗纪公园》引发的对灭绝物种复活的想象,特别是PCR技术可能用于放大恐龙DNA并构建活胚胎的想法。因此,这段文字主要是关于对灭绝物种复活的启发性猜测。故选C。
33.C 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Fascinating as they may be, there’s some ecological justification for the project too.”以及第五段“It was this diversity of land surface, broken up by heavy limbs and randomly fertilized by faeces (排泄物), that supported so much flora (植物群). Without the mammoths, that diversity disappeared. Return them and landscapes would once again be with a variety of species, including flowers and bushes.”可知,人们对克隆灭绝物种感兴趣主要是因为它们能够促进生物多样性的恢复。故选C。
34.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In some ways, though, I am relieved that the optimistic claims for cloning and genetic technologies have not been borne out. The slowdown gives us time to consider the outcomes—and hopefully avoid some of Michael Crichton’s more fevered imaginings.”(不过,在某些方面,我感到欣慰的是,对克隆和遗传技术的乐观主张没有得到证实。技术放缓给了我们时间来考虑结果——并有望避免迈克尔·克莱顿的一些更狂热的想象。)可知,技术的放慢使人们有时间考虑这些技术的后果,并避免一些过于狂热的想象。故选D。
35.A 推理判断题。根据整篇文章的语境,尤其是最后一段的“In some ways, though, I am relieved that the optimistic claims for cloning and genetic technologies have not been borne out. The slowdown gives us time to consider the outcomes—and hopefully avoid some of Michael Crichton’s more fevered imaginings.”可知,技术的放慢使人们有时间考虑这些技术的后果,并避免一些过于狂热的想象。由此可推知,作者对于克隆灭绝物种持谨慎态度。故选A。
第二节
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。全球变暖不仅带来了海平面上升和极端天气事件,还在全球范围内引发了越来越多的气候焦虑,文章提供了一些处理自己的相关情绪的方法。
36.G 根据前文“Global warming is not only bringing rising sea level and extreme weather events but also causing a growing wave of climate anxiety around the world. An international study found nearly six in ten people were very worried about climate change, while the young appeared to be particularly badly influenced.”和后文“Here are some effective ways to help deal with your feelings.”可知,此处是指要关心自己有关气候变化的情绪问题,所以选项G(因此,如果你正在与这个问题做斗争,请考虑照顾好你的精神健康。)切合文意。故选G。
37.D 根据后文“Not all information on the Internet is true, and you could be receiving misinformation.”可知,此处是指避免在网上接收不实信息,所以选项D(减少你在网上花费的时间,尤其是那些不值得信赖的资源。)切合文意。故选D。
38.A 根据后文“Joining a group of like-minded people to make a difference is a good way to get started and help you feel better.”可知,此处是指找到积极做贡献的方法,和前文“You alone can’t stop or undo climate change, so you needn’t place the responsibility on yourself.”构成转折关系,所以选项A(然而,你总能找到积极做贡献的方法。)切合文意。故选A。
39.F 根据前文“A good therapist will address your negative emotions and thoughts about the environment in your conversations.”可知,此处是指好的治疗师能够起到的作用,所以选项F(这样的专业人士会认识到你的情绪,并与你一起处理它们。)切合文意。故选F。
40.C 根据前文“You can discover means to influence others with your own positive attitude.”可知,此处是对如何影响他人进行举例,所以选项C(例如,组织相关活动来教育你周围的人。)切合文意。故选C。
第三部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了前往哥伦比亚佩尔迪达城的探险经历,包括旅途的艰辛以及个人的感受与收获。
41.D 根据上文“There are no trains or buses allowing of…”可知,没有火车和公共汽车,到达那里并不容易。故选D。long长的;endless无尽的;frequent频繁的;easy容易的。
42.B 根据下文的on foot: a tiring multi-day hike可知,这里指只能通过步行到达那里。故选B。impressive令人印象深刻的;accessible可到达的;worthwhile值得的;dangerous危险的。
43.A 根据下文的“…the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida.12 other hikers and I went there…”可知,作者和其他人一同前往,表明他没有拒绝这次机会。故选A。resist拒绝,抗拒;obtain获得;promote促进;find找到。
44.A 根据下文的with a licensed guide可知,此处指他们与导游一同前往,in company with sb“与……一起”。故选A。company陪伴;combination结合; harmony和谐; communication交流。
45.D 根据上文的path和下文的through towering palms (棕榈树) and dangling vines (藤蔓)可知,描述的是小路穿过树林的场景,用“蜿蜒”最符合语境。故选D。bury埋葬;spread传播;spin旋转;wind蜿蜒。
46.C 根据上文的“The dirt path, which…through towering palms (棕榈树) and dangling vines (藤蔓)…”可知,这条路从开始就充满难度,因此是具有挑战性的。故选C。disappointing令人失望的;embarrassing令人尴尬的;challenging具有挑战性的;amazing令人惊叹的。
47.A 根据下文的“They have been left undisturbed for centuries…”可知,几个世纪以来,他们一直没有受到干扰,由此可知他们是当地的原住民。故选A。native原住民;visitor游客;guide导游;driver司机。
48.C 根据下文的between them and the land可知,描述原住民与土地之间的关系,用“纽带,联系”最恰当。故选C。similarity相似性; distinction区别; bond联系,纽带; belief信念。
49.B 根据下文的“…the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had already…by the time we reached the final stage…”可知,早出发是为了避免高温,beat the heat“避开炎热”。故选B。reduce减少;beat打败,避开(不利条件);test测试;feel感觉。
50.C 根据上文的“…but high temperatures and muscle pain had already…”可知,此处描述身体上的不适已经开始影响到他们了。故选C。watch out小心;cut off切断;set in开始,到来;give in屈服。
51.C 根据上文的1,200 stone steps可知,此处指他们需要走完这1200级石阶去探索古城,cover表示走完一段路程。故选C。construct建造;pick挑选; cover行走(一段距离);explore探索。
52.C 根据上文的“…my eyes rested on the scene…”和下文的“…the back-breaking (艰巨的) journey: Ciudad Perdida.”可知,是眼前的景象激励着作者完成了艰难的旅程。故选C。convince说服;predict预测;motivate激励;simplify简化。
53.A 根据下文的“…the mental hurdle (障碍) of having already accomplished our goal…”可知,返程时需要克服因已完成目标而懈怠的心理障碍。故选A。 overcome克服;memorize记忆;observe观察;fix修理。
54.B 根据上文的“While the return trip included…the mental hurdle (障碍) of having already accomplished our goal, the experience is the one I would do…”和下文的“It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more…”可知,此处表达作者愿意再次进行这样的旅行。故选B。otherwise否则;again再次;though然而;instead相反。
55.A 根据下文的“Earned views are always better.”可知,经历艰难后的美景让旅程变得更值得。故选A。rewarding值得的,有意义的;sensitive敏感的;popular受欢迎的;flexible灵活的。
第二节
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泸定桥的历史知识。
56.measuring 考查非谓语动词。此处measure与bridge构成主动关系,应用现在分词作定语。故填measuring。
57.originally 考查副词。此处修饰动词built,应用副词originally“起初”,作状语。故填originally。
58.stands 考查动词时态。句子陈述事实,应用一般现在时,主语为a museum,谓语用三单形式。故填stands。
59.arrival 考查名词。形容词性物主代词后用名词作宾语。故填arrival。
60.left 考查非谓语动词。此处leave与chains构成被动关系,应用过去分词,作宾语补足语。故填left。
61.themselves 考查代词。宾语与主语为同一人称,且短语offer oneself表示“自告奋勇”,空处应用反身代词。故填themselves。
62.the 考查冠词。此处river为特指,应用定冠词。故填the。
63.but 考查固定句型。not just…but…表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
64.what 考查宾语从句。此处引导宾语从句,从句缺少主语,指物,应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
65.courageous 考查形容词。此处修饰名词spirit,应用形容词courageous“勇敢的”,作定语。故填courageous。
第四部分
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mike,
I am thrilled to hear that you are planning a visit to Shanghai during the summer vacation. Here is my travel plan for you.
To begin with, as the tallest building in China, the Shanghai Tower is a place you can’t miss, showing you a breathtaking view from one of the world’s highest viewing platforms. Your second stop can be the Yu Garden, which features the best elements of landscape architecture in south China. Additionally, it never fails to be a good alternative to visit the Bund at night, which has such an impressive view of Shanghai’s modern skyline that it attracts visitors all over the world every year.
I hope these suggestions will be helpful. If you have any other questions, please feel free to let me know. I look forward to your visit!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开。凯文和朋友杰伊、内森要去露营,在爸爸的追问下,凯文告诉了爸爸方向,然后离开了。第一天,一切进展顺利。然而,夜晚一场突如其来的暴风雨来临了。一棵大树轰然倒下,击中了他们唯一的逃生工具——他们的汽车。他们意识到他们的计划被他们无法控制的力量破坏了。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段句首内容“第二天,他们发现自己面临着寻找水的紧迫问题。”可知,第一段可以描写他们寻找水的艰难过程和面临的其他挑战。
②由第二段句首内容“第三天晚上,远处传来的发动机声打破了可怕的寂静。”可知,第二段可以描写他们获救的过程和感悟。
2.续写线索:面临缺水问题—寻找水源—面临其他挑战—听到发动机声—获救—感悟
One possible version:
The next day, they found themselves facing the immediate problem of finding water. The search for water soon drained their energy. They were about to give up when (重要搭配:正要做……这时……)they heard a small sound, a splash of some sort. They ran as fast as they could and found a small stream—a lifeline in all the challenges. However, with time passing by(with复合结构), more challenges emerged—limited food, frightful night filled with wilderness sounds(过去分词作后置定语), and the uncertainty of survival in the wild. Their nerves were near the edge of breaking down after long hours of uncertainty in the wilderness.
On the third night, a distant engine sound broke the terrible stillness. Relief washed over the weary faces as they witnessed the approach of a rugged vehicle(时间状语从句). Kevin’s dad stepped out to meet the group. The emotions—disbelief, gratitude, and overwhelming joy—played across their faces. Back home, Kevin’s dad said, “Good thing you told me those directions,” teaching them the importance of informing someone about plans(现在分词作状语). The experience turned into tales of courage and resilience, deeply rooted in their memories as lessons for a lifetime(过去分词作状语).单元素养测评卷(五)
Unit 5
(时间:120分钟 分值:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1.What does the man want to drink
A.Tea. B.Water. C.Coffee.
( )2.What does the man mean
A.It’s easy to forget the key.
B.People often make the same mistakes.
C.He takes the key out of the room.
( )3.When is the woman likely to buy a computer
A.In September. B.In July.
C.In June.
( )4.How does the man feel now
A.Happy. B.Disappointed.
C.Confident.
( )5.What is the relationship between the speakers
A.Neighbours. B.Strangers. C.Workmates.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6.What does the woman want to do at first
A.Change the coat. B.Return the coat.
C.Try the coat.
( )7.How much more money will the woman pay to get the coat she likes
A.$49.95. B.$55.95. C.$6.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
( )8.What does the man regret doing
A.Majoring in Accounting. B.Becoming an accountant.
C.Withdrawing from the accounting course.
( )9.How does the man feel about his current job
A.It’s interesting. B.It’s dull.
C.It’s difficult.
( )10.What is the woman going to do
A.Introduce the man to her friend.
B.Work in her friend’s firm.
C.Cook a meal for the man.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
( )11.What information can visitors learn about in the museum
A.Different trees. B.Wild birds.
C.The weather.
( )12.When did the woman visit the museum
A.Last Thursday. B.Last Saturday.
C.Last Sunday.
( )13.How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum
A.About 15 minutes. B.About 20 minutes.
C.About 30 minutes.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
( )14.When did the man graduate
A.A week ago. B.A month ago.
C.Two months ago.
( )15.What can we learn about the man
A.He contacted the woman a lot.
B.He got formal interview training.
C.He had a chance to have an interview.
( )16.What does the woman say about the man’s situation
A.It’s tough. B.It’s optimistic.
C.It’s unpredictable.
( )17.What does the woman suggest the man do in the end
A.Check the employment ads in the newspaper.
B.Do a part-time job to get work experience.
C.Send his résumé to recruiting agencies.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
( )18.What does the speaker suggest having before a feast
A.A small glass of wine. B.A large glass of water.
C.A small low-fat snack.
( )19.What plate does the speaker advise us to use
A.A big one. B.A small one.
C.A medium one.
( )20.What is the talk mainly about
A.How to control our weight during holidays.
B.How to enjoy holidays with families and friends.
C.What to do before going to a party.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Esmeralda
This Portuguese ship sank off the coast of Oman in 1503. First discovered in 1998 and then extensively excavated (发掘) by a team led by David Mearns between 2013 and 2015, it is the oldest shipwreck (沉船) recovered from Europe’s Age of Exploration.
Black Sea Shipwreck
Discovered in 2018 by a team from the Black Sea Maritime Archaeology Project, the ship sank more than 2,400 years ago. It is the oldest undamaged shipwreck ever found. “A ship in such good condition from the classical world is something I would never have believed possible,” said Professor Jon Adams, the principal investigator of the team that found the wreck.
Gribshunden
The flagship of John, King of Denmark, caught fire and sank in the Baltic Sea in 1495. There, it lay undiscovered until members of a local dive club came across it in the 1970s; unaware of its significance, they did not report it to archaeologists until 2000, and not until 2013 was the wreck’s identity confirmed. Considered one of the best-preserved shipwrecks of the period, it has slowly been revealing its secrets.
Black Swan
In May 2007, a Florida-based company announced that, using underwater robots, it had discovered a shipwreck in the Atlantic, code-named (代号为) “Black Swan”. However, the government of Spain claimed that the wreck was the Nuestra Senora de las Mercedes, a Spanish ship that sank off the coast of Portugal in 1804 following a battle with four British navy ships. After a long legal battle, the treasure was returned to Spain in 2012.
( )21.Which shipwreck is the latest discovery
A.Esmeralda.
B.Black Sea Shipwreck.
C.Gribshunden.
D.Black Swan.
( )22.What do Black Sea Shipwreck and Gribshunden have in common
A.They were discovered in the same area.
B.They were first noticed by local people.
C.They were in good shape when discovered.
D.They were in the possession of a royal family.
( )23.How did Spain get Black Swan returned
A.By going to the court.
B.By contacting the Portugal government.
C.By joining a battle against the British navy.
D.By offering another treasure as an exchange.
B
Next time you hear people say that Neanderthals (尼安德特人), an extinct type of man living in Europe in the Stone Age, aren’t so bright, tell them this story.
At least 400,000 years ago, campfires went mainstream as early humans used them as a means of survival. As time went by, they made fires inside the caves where they lived and did so without a fireplace or a chimney.
This is no easy skill. “When you make a fire in an enclosed space, there is a danger of breathing in smoke. And in many cases, it doesn’t allow one even to stay near the fire because of smoke,” said Ran Barkai, an archaeologist at Tel Aviv University.
So how did Neanderthals do it Barkai and his team were determined to find out. They built a virtual model of the Lazaret Cave on France’s Mediterranean coast—a place early humans called home 170,000 years ago. The scientists placed 16 fireplaces throughout the cave and studied where the smoke went. “In the middle of the cave is the best place if you wish to avoid as much smoke as possible,” said Barkai. As it happens, the middle of the cave is exactly where prehistoric people put their fires for generations.
Barkai said there was a bit of trial and error involved. “It’s clear to us that Neanderthals made a survey of the cave once they entered and invited a Neanderthal internal designer. And then they decided where they put the kitchen, the sleeping area and so on,” he said.
Sarah Hlubik of George Washington University wasn’t involved in the study but called it clever. “The experiment illustrates how early humans used their intelligence to deal with a punishing climate. What I want most is to take a look at other sites that have relatively complete and undamaged caves and see if the practice supports their conclusion,” she said.
( )24.What can we know from Paragraph 2
A.Neanderthals used a fireplace in a unique way.
B.The caves where Neanderthals lived had a chimney.
C.Neanderthals relying on campfires breathed in much smoke.
D.The way Neanderthals made use of fires developed over time.
( )25.Why did Barkai’s team build a virtual model of the Lazaret Cave
A.To choose the perfect place for the 16 fireplaces.
B.To study prehistoric humans’ hobbies and habits.
C.To research what materials Neanderthals burnt to make fires.
D.To find out how Neanderthals used fires in an enclosed place.
( )26.How did early Neanderthals avoid smoke when making fires
A.By keeping the fires away from the bedrooms.
B.By putting the fires at the entrance of the cave.
C.By making fires in the central part of the cave.
D.By making some holes in the cave to let smoke out.
( )27.How did Sarah Hlubik evaluate the experiment
A.Its results seemed to be quite believable.
B.Its results needed more supporting evidence.
C.Its results were not as reliable as she had thought.
D.Its results were the same as what some other studies had revealed.
C [2024·广东华附、省实、广雅、深中四校高二期末联考]
The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物) living inside us, the more they learn about the surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and feel. Are our health and well-being really driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠), in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs What a weird concept—that the bugs we carry around appear to be essential to establishing the basic nature of who we are.
The effects of the microbiome, the micro-organisms that exist in human bodies, can be profound and can start incredibly early. In a study, scientists showed that something supposedly as natural as a child’s character might be related to the bacteria in an infant’s digestive system; the more Bifidobacteria (双歧杆菌) there are, the sunnier the baby is. This observation, from the University of Turku in Finland, is based on an analysis of samples from 301 babies. Those with the highest proportion of Bifidobacterium organisms at two months old were more likely to exhibit a trait the researchers called “positive emotionality” at six months old.
Microbiome science is still relatively young. Most studies so far have been initial and small-scale, involving only a dozen or so mice or humans. Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease but can’t yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of micro-organisms and their effects on us as hosts. Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling—it’s now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. And the prospects for putting that collection to use are more than promising.
In the not-too-distant future, according to the most enthusiastic researchers, it might be a routine for us to take a dose of healthy microbes in various forms. Hopefully, with the help of new medical advances, we will be able to achieve our full potential by functioning at peak levels internally and externally.
( )28.What can we learn about microbiome
A.The development of microbiome is quite mature nowadays.
B.The more Bifidobacteria an adult has, the healthier he is.
C.More microbes than human cells are present in young men.
D.Microbes have little influence on shaping our identity.
( )29.What does the underlined word “mind-boggling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Weakening. B.Astonishing.
C.Disturbing. D.Misleading.
( )30.What can be inferred from the text
A.It’s necessary to remove certain fungi from our body.
B.Two-month-old babies are often more positive than six-month-old ones.
C.New supplements related to microbiome are likely being developed.
D.The relationship between micro-organisms and disease remains unclear.
( )31.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.How microbes benefit our health
B.How microbes shape our lives
C.What affects early childhood
D.What University of Turku reveals about microbes
D [2024·湖北武汉江岸区高二期末]
We may weep for the dodo, but could and should we bring this lovely bird back from the dead De-extinction is the science of restoring lost species and it has been in the news for decades.
The story in modern times began in 1990 when Michael Crichton published his science fiction novel Jurassic Park, in which he imagined a world where scientists were able to bring dinosaurs back to life. Crichton imagined that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology could be a way to amplify (放大) tiny quantities of dinosaur DNA and thus build a living embryo.
Sadly, biologists soon realized that DNA in fact breaks down super fast; even after 100 years, DNA from museum skins of dodos was decayed (腐烂) beyond repair. They could be sequenced (测定序列) using massive computational power, but then only with considerable uncertainty.
But why would anyone want to see mammoths, or something like them, roaming (漫游) present-day Siberia Well, they were undoubtedly amazing beasts. As well as hunting them, our distant ancestors painted their likenesses in caves across Europe. Fascinating as they may be, there’s some ecological justification for the project too.
It was this diversity of land surface, broken up by heavy limbs and randomly fertilized by faeces (排泄物), that supported so much flora (植物群). Without the mammoths, that diversity disappeared. Return them and landscapes would once again be with a variety of species, including flowers and bushes.
True, it’s not de-extinction in the sense of bringing a long-dead species back to life. Instead it’s more like making a “dodo” by engineering a modern pigeon, its closest relative, to become huge and flightless. The result would be a big, fatty pigeon that, whether it looked like a dodo or not, would probably fulfill some of its ecological roles.
As a paleontologist, I would of course love to see living dinosaurs, mammoths and dodos. In some ways, though, I am relieved that the optimistic claims for cloning and genetic technologies have not been borne out. The slowdown gives us time to consider the outcomes—and hopefully avoid some of Michael Crichton’s more fevered imaginings.
( )32.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A.A science fiction review.
B.The development of DNA.
C.An inspired guess of de-extinction.
D.The application of PCR technology.
( )33.Why are people interested in cloning extinct species
A.They expect to seek hunt fun.
B.They lack sources of modern art.
C.They want to see biodiversity.
D.They need them for research.
( )34.What does the slowdown in cloning and genetic technologies allow people to do
A.Witness the birth of cloned dinosaurs.
B.Avoid Michael Crichton’s imaginings.
C.Stop the progress of genetic engineering.
D.Consider the potential outcomes of these technologies.
( )35.What’s the author’s attitude towards cloning extinct species
A.Cautious. B.Unclear.
C.Dismissive. D.Approving.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Global warming is not only bringing rising sea level and extreme weather events but also causing a growing wave of climate anxiety around the world. An international study found nearly six in ten people were very worried about climate change, while the young appeared to be particularly badly influenced. 36. Here are some effective ways to help deal with your feelings.
37. Not all information on the Internet is true, and you could be receiving misinformation. Even if you stick to trusted sources, too much information may only worsen your feelings. Try to set a time limit for checking climate-related content to avoid making your anxiety worse.
It is important to be aware of your own limitations. You alone can’t stop or undo climate change, so you needn’t place the responsibility on yourself. 38. Joining a group of like-minded people to make a difference is a good way to get started and help you feel better.
Talk therapy (谈话疗法) provides you with a chance to discuss your anxiety about climate issues. A good therapist will address your negative emotions and thoughts about the environment in your conversations. 39.
Positive changes have taken place at personal, community, and worldwide levels. And there is no reason to believe that they won’t continue, especially with your help. You can discover means to influence others with your own positive attitude. 40. Take on whatever role you feel comfortable with and remember to focus on your mental health on whatever path you choose.
A.However, you can always find ways to contribute positively.
B.Staying in natural green spaces has been shown to reduce stress.
C.For example, organize related activities to educate people around you.
D.Reduce your time spent online, especially on sources that are not trustworthy.
E.The UN has made a list of blogs and other news resources about climate issues.
F.Such a professional will recognize your feelings and work with you to manage them.
G.So consider taking care of your mental well-being if you are struggling with the issue.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
[2024·黑龙江哈尔滨第三十二中学校高二期末]
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Ciudad Perdida (佩尔迪达城), Colombia’s “Lost City”, is older than Machu Picchu (马丘比丘城). There are no trains or buses allowing of 41 travels to reach its ruins. The remote place is only 42 on foot: a tiring multi-day hike.
Despite this, I couldn’t 43 the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. 12 other hikers and I went there in 44 with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which 45 through towering palms (棕榈树) and dangling vines (藤蔓), proved 46 right from the start. Along the way we also met the 47 . They have been left undisturbed for centuries and there’s a deep 48 between them and the land.
The next morning, we were off early to 49 the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had already 50 by the time we reached the final stage—1,200 stone steps to 51 . After finally lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes rested on the scene that had 52 the back-breaking (艰巨的) journey: Ciudad Perdida.
I looked down and wondered at the beautiful site below. While the return trip included 53 the mental hurdle (障碍) of having already accomplished our goal, the experience is the one I would do 54 . It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more 55 one. Earned views are always better.
( )41.A.long B.endless
C.frequent D.easy
( )42.A.impressive B.accessible
C.worthwhile D.dangerous
( )43.A.resist B.obtain
C.promote D.find
( )44.A.company B.combination
C.harmony D.communication
( )45.A.buried B.spread
C.spun D.wound
( )46.A.disappointing B.embarrassing
C.challenging D.amazing
( )47.A.natives B.visitors
C.guides D.drivers
( )48.A.similarity B.distinction
C.bond D.belief
( )49.A.reduce B.beat
C.test D.feel
( )50.A.watched out B.cut off
C.set in D.given in
( )51.A.construct B.pick
C.cover D.explore
( )52.A.convinced B.predicted
C.motivated D.simplified
( )53.A.overcoming B.memorizing
C.observing D.fixing
( )54.A.otherwise B.again
C.though D.instead
( )55.A.rewarding B.sensitive
C.popular D.flexible
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Cold the iron chains spanning over the Dadu River,” Chairman Mao Zedong wrote in a poem, describing the do-or-die battle which took place on the Luding Bridge. The bridge, 56. (measure) 103.67 metres in length and 3 metres in width, is located in Sichuan Province, which was 57. (original) built in 1705 during the Qing Dynasty. Near the Luding Bridge considered a historical landmark 58. (stand) a museum, in front of which there is a bronze statue of the soldiers whose spirit makes the bridge a household name.
Over 80 years ago, the bridge was crucial to the survival of the CPC-led Red Army during the Long March because if the soldiers had failed to dash through the Luding Bridge then, the Red Army might have been wiped out. Upon their 59. (arrive), the Red Army found only thirteen heavy iron chains 60. (leave) across the river. With no time to waste, one by one the soldiers ventured forward to risk their lives and of those who offered 61. (they), thirty were chosen. Though several soldiers fell into 62. fast-flowing river, the others crawled along the wood boards they had laid until they finally took control of the east bank.
Probably never before had people seen fighters like these men for whom soldiering was not just a rice bowl, 63. a mission. They astonishingly accomplished 64. seemed like an impossible task and their 65. (courage) spirit will always stick in our mind.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,你的美国朋友 Mike 来信说他暑假计划去上海旅游,但不知道参观哪些景点,请你给他回信,内容包括:
1.为他做出旅游规划;
2.表达期待。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kevin woke to the blaring beep of his alarm clock. “Can’t wait for that camping trip,” Kevin thought, filled with excitement. As he was leaving home, his dad grabbed him by the hand and said, “Before you go, just tell me the directions on where you and your friends are going to stay.”
“But dad!” Kevin complained.
“No buts!” Kevin’s dad added.
“Fine.” Kevin told him the directions and left.
The three friends, Kevin, Jay and Nathan, had been planning this adventure for weeks, packing their stuff—tents, snacks, and a map—and preparing for a 3-day outdoor exploration. Excitement ran through Kevin as they departed for their campsite. “This trip is going to be awesome,” Nathan excitedly yelled as they set off. But little did they know that nature had a surprise in store for them.
The first day at the campsite was going great—setting up tents, collecting firewood, and sharing stories. “Man, we nailed these tents,” Kevin said. “I know it is really easy,” Nathan replied. The friends were happy.
Yet towards night, as the dark clouds gathered overhead, the atmosphere shifted, and a sudden storm erupted with unforgiving anger. Rain poured down from the heavens like a relentless waterfall, transforming the peaceful campsite into a muddy battleground. Worse still, a huge tree was uprooted and crashed down with a deafening crack on their only means of escape—their car. Kevin’s eyes widened in horror as he spotted the damaged wreckage beneath the fallen giant. “Our car!” he screamed over the howling wind, his voice a mix of disbelief and despair. “We’re stuck here,” he declared, his words barely audible against the backdrop of thunder and raindrops. They realized that their plans had been violently spoiled by forces beyond their control. The once quiet campsite now stood as a deserted battlefield, the fallen tree serving as a painful reminder of the unpredictable nature of the world around them.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
The next day, they found themselves facing the immediate problem of finding water.
Paragraph 2:
On the third night, a distant engine sound broke the terrible stillness.
