单元小测(Unit 3)
Ⅰ.1.significance 2.injury 3.proof 4.entirely
5.to explore 6.original 7.accurately 8.pressure
9.astronomer 10.scientific 11.mentally 12.attached 13.has been taken
Ⅱ.1.take; into account/consideration 2.capable of
3.attach importance/significance to 4.beyond recognition
5.come up with 6.In addition to/Apart from
Ⅲ.1.found myself doing more things
2.What we learned from the field research
3.with some stopping to eat grass
4.It is by listening to and understanding each other that
5.that I’m trying to hide it
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由佐治亚理工学院设计的一款可以编写和播放音乐的机器人。
1.was designed 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处在定语从句中作谓语,which指代先行词a robot,和动词design构成被动关系;根据句意可知,动作已经发生,应用一般过去时;主语为名词单数形式,谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填was designed。
2.The 考查冠词。空格处位于名词robot之前,且此处的robot特指上文提到过的机器人,应用定冠词the,单词位于句首,首字母需大写。故填The。
3.original 考查形容词。根据空格后的名词compositions可知,空格处应填形容词作定语,original意为“原创的”。故填original。
4.which 考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词5,000 songs,指物,在从句中作主语,应用which引导从句。故填which。
5.has produced 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语so far可知,应用现在完成时,主语the robot为名词单数形式,谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has produced。
6.but 考查连词。空格处前后的两个分句之间为转折关系,根据句意可知,应用连词but连接。故填but。
7.giving 考查非谓语动词。apart from 为介词短语,后面接动名词作宾语,故填giving。
8.humans 考查名词复数。根据后面的were 可知,主语应该用复数名词,故填humans。
9.to complete 考查非谓语动词。“It takes/took time to do sth.”意为“花费时间做某事。”,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式。故填to complete。
10.randomly 考查副词。空格处修饰动词,作状语,应用副词形式。故填randomly。
Ⅴ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被誉为“蚁人”的美国生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平事迹和主要科学贡献。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination(着迷) with ants and their social structures.”可知,威尔逊在大自然中度过的童年时光激起了他对蚂蚁的热情,故选D项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture peaked in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979.”可知,威尔逊的第一本获得普利策奖的书是关于生物学和人类文化之间的关系的,故选C项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“These accomplishments offered him a type of superstar status, but his friends and colleagues said the polite Southerner remained down-to-earth. ‘Professor Wilson really listened and engaged with whomever he was interacting with,’ said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of Wilson’s final advisees.”可推知,威尔逊教授很谦虚,故选B项。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Edward O. Wilson, known as ‘ant man’, was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama.”、第三段“Wilson’s early study of ants led to his first major discovery in 1959: how ants communicate through the release of chemical signals.”、第六段“What many considered to be Wilson’s most important contribution to evolutionary biology came in 1975 when he published Sociobiology:The New Synthesis. The work explored the genetic roots of animal behaviour and argued that genes shaped human behaviour.”以及最后一段“Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. These accomplishments offered him a type of superstar status…”可知,本文主要讲述了被誉为“蚁人”的美国生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平事迹和主要科学贡献,A项“The pioneering ‘ant man’”最适合作为本文的标题,故选A项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在医疗保健领域的应用所面临的一些问题。
5.A 词义猜测题。由文章第二段“It may already be speeding the time it takes for new drugs to reach clinical trials. However, progress has been slow and the results have often been mediocre.”可知,画线词所在句前半句讲“进展缓慢”,后半句应承接上文,表示“结果不理想或不能令人满意”,所以mediocre表示“不能令人满意的”,与A项意思相近。故选A。
6.C 推理判断题。由文章第三段“AI systems learn by processing huge volumes of data, which are under strict control by governments because patients want better and more personalized care but patients also want their medical privacy protected.”可推知,政府严格控制数据是因为担心医疗隐私可能会受到攻击。故选C。
7.A 细节理解题。由文章第五段“And even public health systems may lack motivations to adopt technologies that reduce costs rather than improve outcomes, perhaps because saving money may lead to a smaller budget next year.”可知,下一年预算减少可能导致公共卫生系统拒绝人工智能。故选A。
8.B 主旨大意题。由文章第二段“There is already evidence that AI systems can enhance diagnostic (诊断的) accuracy and disease tracking, improve the prediction of patients’ outcomes and suggest better treatments. It may already be speeding the time it takes for new drugs to reach clinical trials. However, progress has been slow and the results have often been mediocre.”以及上下文可知,文章主要介绍了人工智能在医疗保健领域的应用所面临的一些问题。所以B项(人工智能医生 不那么乐观)符合文章内容。故选B。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群学汽车技术的学生帮助波特一家修理过世的肖恩·波特留下的汽车的故事。
1.B 根据下文“…fixed the vehicle…”可知,他打算修理汽车。故选B。repaint重画;repair修理;replace取代;return返回。
2.A 根据下文“…he could work on with his wife and their two sons for the rest of his time.”可知,这是一项增进人与人之间的关系的活动。故选A。bonding人与人之间的关系;training训练;uplifting令人振奋的;wide-ranging广泛的。
3.D 根据下文“…the project and fixed the vehicle…”可知,这家人一直在实施这个计划。故选D。expand扩张;monitor监视;postpone延期;conduct 实施。
4.B 根据上文“The family couldn’t finish the project…”和下文“It has emotional value.”可知,这家人无法完成计划,也无法把破旧的车丢掉,因为它有情感价值。故选B。get hold of获得(某物);get rid of摆脱,丢掉;get ready for准备好(某事);get used to习惯。
5.B 根据下文“This would be a good project for my students to complete…”可知,这是一个让学生发挥的机会。故选B。transformation改观;opportunity机会;challenge挑战;responsibility责任。
6.D 根据上文“‘This would be a good project for my students to complete,’ Mauger thought…”可知,他把这个想法和学生们分享了。故选D。discovery发现;adventure冒险;kindness善良;idea想法。
7.C 根据下文“Many students spent their free time on the project and some even continued…the project after they graduated.”可知,学生们对这个想法很热情。故选C项。unwillingly不愿意地;thankfully感激地;enthusiastically热情地;obviously明显地。
8.C 根据上文“The restoration (整修) of the vehicle was the class’ most significant project…” 以及下文the meaning behind it可知,此处表示因果关系。故选C项。instead of而不是; in spite of尽管;because of由于;in case of万一。
9.A 根据下文“…with engine parts missing and cooling system issues.”可知,修理这辆破旧的汽车比想象的要复杂。故选A。complex复杂的;changeable可改变的; technical技术的; practical实际的。
10.C 根据上文“…with engine parts missing and cooling system issues.”可知,学生们花了15个月的时间设法解决了所有的问题。故选C。record记录;schedule安排;address设法解决;question询问。
11.A 根据下文“…the project after they graduated.”可知,有些人甚至在毕业后继续为这个项目做贡献。故选A。contribute to为……做贡献;respond to回应;apply to应用于;adapt to适应。
12.D 根据下文“It became drivable and safe.”可知,最终汽车可以正常运转了。故选D。approach接近;crash碰撞;stop停止;function正常工作,运转。
13.C 根据下文“…causing tears of gratitude (感激) and emotion.”可知,汽车修理完毕,所以学生们把它归还给了这家人。故选C。explain解释;promise承诺;present呈现;lend借出。
14.B 根据上文“I know they’ll have that car for a long time.”可知,那家人会珍藏那辆车,所以学生们感觉自己的付出很有意义。故选B。surprising令人惊讶的;rewarding值得的,有意义的;amusing有趣的;confusing令人困惑的。
15.D 根据下文Shane Porter’s life and the students’ devotion可知,这辆汽车凝聚了肖恩· 波特的生活和学生们的奉献,所以这是一种象征。故选D。highlight最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分;power力量;beginning开始;symbol象征。单元小测(Unit 3)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The discovery is referred to as a major breakthrough in technology and is of great (significant) to the development of agriculture.
2.The extraordinary player has to drop out of the game because of a serious (injure).
3.For a long time it was thought to be a harmless substance, but we now have (prove) to the contrary.
4.It is (entire) wrong to pay attention only to the former and forget the latter .
5.However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire (explore) the universe did not die.
6.Throughout history, some of the (origin) customs of the Spring Festival have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept.
7.He (accurate) described the problem, using instances from his own experience to illustrate his points.
8.Being a doctor means I have to make correct decisions all the time, which puts a lot of (press) on me.
9.Copernicus, the Polish (astronomy) who died nearly 500 years ago, was identified by DNA evidence in the 21st century.
10.The most challenging work takes place when we need to perform tasks outside the space station, such as testing new equipment, monitoring (science) experiments or repairing the space station.
11.She had been struggling with depression for years, but lately she was slowly (mental) curing herself and finding joy in life again.
12.With virtual reality devices (attach) to their heads, people will be able to travel anywhere in the world.
13.More than one means (take) since Tom learned the new technique, but he still doesn’t perform well.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.I would be grateful if you could my application (考虑).
2.After years of practice, he has become (有能力) making accurate judgements in complex situations.
3.Many psychologists
(重视) the role of mental health in overall well-being.
4.After the earthquake, my beautiful workplace lay (面目全非), even some in ruins.
5.After studying the topic in depth, she managed to (想出) a draft that was informative and creative.
6. (除……之外) books and clothes, the moving boxes were filled with all kinds of stuff from my childhood.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.As time went on, I out of my comfort zone and feeling more positive about life.
随着时间的推移,我发现自己在舒适区外做了更多的事情,对生活感到更加积极。
2.
was invaluable in shaping our understanding of the local ecosystem. (主语从句)
我们从实地研究中学到的东西对塑造我们对当地生态系统的理解是非常宝贵的。
3.A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, at leisure. (with复合结构)
一群藏羚羊正从桥底下走过,有些停下来悠闲地吃草。
4. problems between parents and children can be settled.(强调句)
通过相互倾听和相互理解,父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。
5.I don’t want to give the impression .(同位语从句)
我并不想留下一种我在企图隐瞒的印象。
●Ⅳ 语法填空
A robot, which 1. (design) by the Georgia Institute of Technology, has used deep learning, artificial intelligence (人工智能) and big data to write and play its own music.
2. robot, called Shimon, looks a little strange. It has four arms and eight sticks. Shimon can not only use artificial intelligence to compose (创作) music, but perform its 3. (origin) compositions live.To achieve the impressive skill, scientists gave the robot 5,000 songs, 4. covered a broad range, from Beethoven to Miles Davis.
So far the robot 5.
(produce) two compositions using a marimba (马林巴琴). They are short 6. they meet everyday classification (分类) of “music”. Apart from 7. (give) the machine the first four measures to use as a starting point, no 8. (human) were involved in either the compositions or the performances of the music.
It has taken seven years 9. (complete) the two compositions. However, the pace of composing is expected to increase. There is no doubt that this isn’t just a robot that 10. (random) puts together existing music and calls it its own.
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
A [2024·山东济宁高一期中]
Edward O. Wilson, known as “ant man”, was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama. His parents divorced when he was young, and he was moved frequently throughout his childhood. Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination(着迷) with ants and their social structures.
Wilson earned his bachelor’s and master’s degrees from the University of Alabama. In 1955, he received his PhD from Harvard and worked there until retirement.
Wilson’s early study of ants led to his first major discovery in 1959: how ants communicate through the release of chemical signals.
Later, in 1990, Wilson and German biologist Bert Holldobler published their Pulitzer-winning The Ants. It detailed the insects’ social structure that was valued by scholars and accessible to general readers.
Another of Wilson’s major works started in the early 1960s when he teamed up with Robert MacArthur. The pair published The Theory of Island Biogeography, where they sought to explain why different places have different numbers of species.
What many considered to be Wilson’s most important contribution to evolutionary biology came in 1975 when he published Sociobiology:The New Synthesis. The work explored the genetic roots of animal behaviour and argued that genes shaped human behaviour.
Wilson faced accusations(谴责) for these ideas but his work finally largely proved true. In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture peaked in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979.
Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. These accomplishments offered him a type of superstar status, but his friends and colleagues said the polite Southerner remained down-to-earth. “Professor Wilson really listened and engaged with whomever he was interacting with,” said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of Wilson’s final advisees.
( )1.What contributed to Wilson’s passion for ants
A.His accidental disability.
B.The discovery he made about ants.
C.The school education he received.
D.His boyhood time spent in nature.
( )2.What is Wilson’s first Pulitzer-winning book about
A.The social structure of ants.
B.The distribution of different species.
C.The links between biology and human culture.
D.The role of chemical signals in communication.
( )3.According to the last paragraph, which word best describes Wilson
A.Productive. B.Modest.
C.Open-minded. D.Independent.
( )4.What is the best title of this text
A.The pioneering “ant man”
B.Discoveries in evolutionary biology
C.A leading figure in popular science
D.The adventure of a Pulitzer Prize winner
B [2024·江苏宿迁高一期末]
Artificial intelligence(AI) is generating excitement in the field of health care. From robot surgeons to the ability to chat to a medical AI with a human face, opportunities are enough.
There is already evidence that AI systems can enhance diagnostic (诊断的) accuracy and disease tracking, improve the prediction of patients’ outcomes and suggest better treatments. It may already be speeding the time it takes for new drugs to reach clinical trials. However, progress has been slow and the results have often been mediocre.
AI systems learn by processing huge volumes of data, which are under strict control by governments because patients want better and more personalized care but patients also want their medical privacy protected. Finding secure ways to allow health data to move more freely would help.
Another problem is managing and regulating these innovations. In many countries, the governance of AI in health, as with other areas, is struggling to keep up with the rapid pace of innovation. Regulatory authorities may be slow to approve new AI tools or may lack capacity and expertise (专业技能). Governments need to equip regulators to assess new AI tools.
The final problem involves motivations. Many private health systems are set up to reward the volume of work. They have little reason to adopt technologies that cut the number of visits, tests or procedures. And even public health systems may lack motivations to adopt technologies that reduce costs rather than improve outcomes, perhaps because saving money may lead to a smaller budget next year. Unless governments can change these motivations, AI’s wide application will be castles in the air.
Much of the burden of boosting AI in health care falls on governments and regulators. However, companies have a part to play, too. Insurers have already used AI tools to deny health care unfairly; firms have mis-sold or overstated the abilities of health AI; algorithms have made mistakes. Firms have a duty to ensure that their products are safe and reliable and that humans, however imperfect, remain in control.
( )5.What does the underlined word “mediocre” mean in Paragraph 1
A.Unsatisfactory. B.Exciting.
C.Surprising. D.Destructive.
( )6.Why does the government control data strictly
A.AI’s learning ability is out of control.
B.AI’s innovation develops at a rapid pace.
C.The medical privacy might be under attack.
D.Patients want better and more personalized care.
( )7.In Paragraph 5, what leads to public health systems refusing AI
A.A smaller budget next year.
B.Increased costs of AI’s innovation.
C.Failing to offer effective treatment.
D.Decreasing visits, tests or procedures.
( )8.What is the best title for the passage
A.Boosting AI in health care
B.AI doctors Not so optimistic
C.Applications of AI in health systems
D.Solutions to AI problems in health care
●Ⅵ 完形填空 [2024·江苏常州高一期末]
Shane Porter knew clearly that he was dying of cancer when he one day came home with a rusty (生锈的) 1969 Jeepster Commando. He planned to 1 it. And it was intended to be a(n) 2 activity that he could work on with his wife and their two sons for the rest of his time.
The family 3 the project and fixed the vehicle until Shane Porter died after three years. The family couldn’t finish the project, but they couldn’t imagine 4 the car either. It has emotional value.
So the car sat there—until last May, when Bob Mauger, a close family friend, noticed it and saw a(n) 5 . “This would be a good project for my students to complete,” Mauger thought, an automotive technology teacher.
He shared the 6 with his class, and the students were 7 on board. The restoration (整修) of the vehicle was the class’ most significant project 8 the meaning behind it. It also proved more 9 than the students had expected with engine parts missing and cooling system issues. It took 15 months to 10 all the problems. Many students spent their free time on the project and some even continued 11 the project after they graduated.
Eventually, the car 12 . It became drivable and safe. The students 13 the revived Jeepster to the family, causing tears of gratitude (感激) and emotion. “I know they’ll have that car for a long time. It feels 14 ,” Judah Castillo, a student, said. For the Porters, the revived car is more than just a vehicle; it is the 15 of Shane Porter’s life and the students’ devotion.
( )1.A.repaint B.repair
C.replace D.return
( )2.A.bonding B.training
C.uplifting D.wide-ranging
( )3.A.expanded B.monitored
C.postponed D.conducted
( )4.A.getting hold of B.getting rid of
C.getting ready for D.getting used to
( )5.A.transformation B.opportunity
C.challenge D.responsibility
( )6.A.discovery B.adventure
C.kindness D.idea
( )7.A.unwillingly B.thankfully
C.enthusiastically D.obviously
( )8.A.instead of B.in spite of
C.because of D.in case of
( )9.A.complex B.changeable
C.technical D.practical
( )10.A.record B.schedule
C.address D.question
( )11.A.contributing to B.responding to
C.applying to D.adapting to
( )12.A.approached B.crashed
C.stopped D.functioned
( )13.A.explained B.promised
C.presented D.lent
( )14.A.surprising B.rewarding
C.amusing D.confusing
( )15.A.highlight B.power
C.beginning D.symbol(共51张PPT)
单元小测 Unit 3
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The discovery is referred to as a major breakthrough in
technology and is of great ____________ (significant) to the
development of agriculture.
significance
2.The extraordinary player has to drop out of the game because
of a serious ______ (injure).
injury
3.For a long time it was thought to be a harmless substance,
but we now have ______ (prove) to the contrary.
proof
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
4.It is ________ (entire) wrong to pay attention only to the
former and forget the latter.
entirely
5.However, while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment, the desire ___________(explore) the universe did
not die.
to explore
6.Throughout history, some of the ________ (origin) customs of
the Spring Festival have changed, but the spirit of the festival—
the spirit of family—has largely been kept.
original
7.He __________ (accurate) described the problem, using
instances from his own experience to illustrate his points.
accurately
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
8.Being a doctor means I have to make correct decisions all the
time, which puts a lot of _________ (press) on me.
pressure
9.Copernicus, the Polish ____________ (astronomy) who died
nearly 500 years ago, was identified by DNA evidence in the
21st century.
astronomer
10.The most challenging work takes place when we need to
perform tasks outside the space station, such as testing new
equipment, monitoring _________ (science) experiments or
repairing the space station.
scientific
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
11.She had been struggling with depression for years, but lately
she was slowly _________ (mental) curing herself and finding joy
in life again.
mentally
12.With virtual reality devices _________ (attach) to their heads,
people will be able to travel anywhere in the world.
attached
13.More than one means ________________ (take) since Tom
learned the new technique, but he still doesn't perform well.
has been taken
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.I would be grateful if you could _____ my application
_________________________ (考虑).
take
into account/consideration
2.After years of practice, he has become ___________ (有能力)
making accurate judgements in complex situations.
capable of
3.Many psychologists _______________________________
(重视) the role of mental health in overall well-being.
attach importance/significance to
1
2
3
4
5
6
4.After the earthquake, my beautiful workplace lay ____________
__________ (面目全非), even some in ruins.
beyond recognition
5.After studying the topic in depth, she managed to
______________ (想出) a draft that was informative and creative.
come up with
6._________________________ (除……之外) books and clothes,
the moving boxes were filled with all kinds of stuff from my
childhood.
In addition to/Apart from
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.As time went on, I _______________________________ out of
my comfort zone and feeling more positive about life.
随着时间的推移,我发现自己在舒适区外做了更多的事情,对生活感到
更加积极。
found myself doing more things
2._______________________________________was invaluable in
shaping our understanding of the local ecosystem. (主语从句)
我们从实地研究中学到的东西对塑造我们对当地生态系统的理解是
非常宝贵的。
What we learned from the field research
1
2
3
4
5
3.A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge，
_______________________________ at leisure. (with复合结构)
一群藏羚羊正从桥底下走过，有些停下来悠闲地吃草。
with some stopping to eat grass
4.____________________________________________________
problems between parents and children can be settled.(强调句)
通过相互倾听和相互理解,父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。
It is by listening to and understanding each other that
5.I don't want to give the impression ______________________.
(同位语从句) 我并不想留下一种我在企图隐瞒的印象。
that I'm trying to hide it
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Ⅳ 语法填空
A robot, which 1.______________ (design) by the Georgia
Institute of Technology, has used deep learning, artificial
intelligence (人工智能) and big data to write and play its own
music.
2._____ robot, called Shimon, looks a little strange. It has
four arms and eight sticks. Shimon can not only use artificial
intelligence to compose (创作) music, but perform its 3.________
(origin) compositions live. To achieve the impressive skill,
was designed
The
original
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scientists gave the robot 5,000 songs, 4._______ covered a
broad range, from Beethoven to Miles Davis.
So far the robot 5.______________(produce) two compositions using a marimba (马林巴琴). They are short 6.____ they meet everyday classification (分类) of “music”. Apart from 7._______ (give) the machine the first four measures to use as a starting point, no 8._________ (human) were involved in either the compositions or the performances of the music.
which
has produced
but
giving
humans
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It has taken seven years 9._____________ (complete) the
two compositions. However, the pace of composing is expected
to increase. There is no doubt that this isn't just a robot that
10.__________ (random) puts together existing music and calls it
its own.
to complete
randomly
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【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由佐治亚理工学院设计
的一款可以编写和播放音乐的机器人。
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1.______________
was designed
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处在定语从句中作谓
语,which指代先行词a robot,和动词design构成被动关系；根据句意
可知,动作已经发生,应用一般过去时；主语为名词单数形式,谓语动词
也应用第三人称单数形式。故填was designed。
2._____
The
[解析] 考查冠词。空格处位于名词robot之前,且此处的robot特指上
文提到过的机器人,应用定冠词the,单词位于句首，首字母需大写。
故填The。
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3.________
original
[解析] 考查形容词。根据空格后的名词compositions可知,空格处应
填形容词作定语,original意为“原创的”。故填original。
4._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词
5,000 songs,指物，在从句中作主语,应用which引导从句。故填which。
5.______________
has produced
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语so
far可知,应用现在完成时,主语the robot为名词单数形式,谓语动词也
应用第三人称单数形式。故填has produced。
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2
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7
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6._____
but
[解析] 考查连词。空格处前后的两个分句之间为转折关系,根据句意
可知，应用连词but连接。故填but。
7._______
giving
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。apart from 为介词短语,后面接动名词作宾
语,故填giving。
8._________
humans
[解析] 考查名词复数。根据后面的were 可知,主语应该用复数名词,
故填humans。
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9._____________
to complete
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。“It takes/took time to do sth.”意为“花费
时间做某事。”,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式。故填to
complete。
10.__________
randomly
[解析] 考查副词。空格处修饰动词,作状语,应用副词形式。故填
randomly。
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Ⅴ 阅读理解
A[2024·山东济宁高一期中]
Edward O. Wilson, known as “ant man”, was born on June
10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama. His parents divorced when
he was young, and he was moved frequently throughout his
childhood. Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife.
One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set
off his lifelong fascination(着迷) with ants and their social
structures.
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Wilson earned his bachelor's and master's degrees from the
University of Alabama. In 1955, he received his PhD from
Harvard and worked there until retirement.
Wilson's early study of ants led to his first major discovery
in 1959: how ants communicate through the release of chemical
signals.
Later, in 1990, Wilson and German biologist Bert Holldobler
published their Pulitzer-winning The Ants. It detailed the insects'
social structure that was valued by scholars and accessible to
general readers.
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Another of Wilson's major works started in the early 1960s
when he teamed up with Robert MacArthur. The pair published
The Theory of Island Biogeography, where they sought to
explain why different places have different numbers of species.
What many considered to be Wilson's most important
contribution to evolutionary biology came in 1975 when he
published Sociobiology:The New Synthesis. The work explored
the genetic roots of animal behaviour and argued that genes
shaped human behaviour.
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Wilson faced accusations(谴责) for these ideas but his work
finally largely proved true. In 1978, his ideas on the role biology
plays in human culture peaked in On Human Nature, which won
him a Pulitzer in 1979.
Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20
books. These accomplishments offered him a type of superstar
status, but his friends and colleagues said the polite Southerner
remained down-to-earth. “Professor Wilson really listened and
engaged with whomever he was interacting with,” said Corrie S.
Moreau, who was one of Wilson's final advisees.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被誉为“蚁人”的美
国生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平事迹和主要科学贡献。
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( ) 1.What contributed to Wilson's passion for ants
A.His accidental disability.
B.The discovery he made about ants.
C.The school education he received.
D.His boyhood time spent in nature.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“Wilson grew up exploring the
forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly
blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination(着迷) with
ants and their social structures.”可知，威尔逊在大自然中度过的童
年时光激起了他对蚂蚁的热情，故选D项。
√
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( ) 2.What is Wilson's first Pulitzer-winning book about
A.The social structure of ants.
B.The distribution of different species.
C.The links between biology and human culture.
D.The role of chemical signals in communication.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In 1978, his ideas on the
role biology plays in human culture peaked in On Human
Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979.”可知，威尔逊的第一本
获得普利策奖的书是关于生物学和人类文化之间的关系的，故选C项。
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( ) 3.According to the last paragraph, which word best
describes Wilson
A.Productive. B.Modest.
C.Open-minded. D.Independent.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“These accomplishments offered
him a type of superstar status, but his friends and colleagues
said the polite Southerner remained down-to-earth. ‘Professor
Wilson really listened and engaged with whomever he was
interacting with,’ said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of
Wilson's final advisees.”可推知，威尔逊教授很谦虚，故选B项。
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( ) 4.What is the best title of this text
A.The pioneering “ant man”
B.Discoveries in evolutionary biology
C.A leading figure in popular science
D.The adventure of a Pulitzer Prize winner
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Edward O. Wilson, known as ‘ant
man’, was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama.”、第
三段“Wilson's early study of ants led to his first major discovery
in 1959: how ants communicate through the release of chemical
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signals.”、第六段“What many considered to be Wilson's most
important contribution to evolutionary biology came in 1975
when he published Sociobiology:The New Synthesis. The work
explored the genetic roots of animal behaviour and argued that
genes shaped human behaviour.”以及最后一段“Wilson published
more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. These
accomplishments offered him a type of superstar status…”可知，
本文主要讲述了被誉为“蚁人”的美国生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平
事迹和主要科学贡献，A项“The pioneering ‘ant man’”最适合作为
本文的标题，故选A项。
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B[2024·江苏宿迁高一期末]
Artificial intelligence(AI) is generating excitement in the field
of health care. From robot surgeons to the ability to chat to a
medical AI with a human face, opportunities are enough.
There is already evidence that AI systems can enhance
diagnostic (诊断的) accuracy and disease tracking, improve the
prediction of patients' outcomes and suggest better treatments.
It may already be speeding the time it takes for new drugs to
reach clinical trials. However, progress has been slow and the
results have often been mediocre.
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AI systems learn by processing huge volumes of data, which
are under strict control by governments because patients want
better and more personalized care but patients also want their
medical privacy protected. Finding secure ways to allow health
data to move more freely would help.
Another problem is managing and regulating these
innovations. In many countries, the governance of AI in health,
as with other areas, is struggling to keep up with the rapid
pace of innovation. Regulatory authorities may be slow to
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approve new AI tools or may lack capacity and expertise
(专业技能). Governments need to equip regulators to assess new
AI tools.
The final problem involves motivations. Many private health
systems are set up to reward the volume of work. They have
little reason to adopt technologies that cut the number of visits,
tests or procedures. And even public health systems may lack
motivations to adopt technologies that reduce costs rather than
improve outcomes, perhaps because saving money may lead to
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a smaller budget next year. Unless governments can change
these motivations, AI's wide application will be castles in the air.
Much of the burden of boosting AI in health care falls on
governments and regulators. However, companies have a part to
play, too. Insurers have already used AI tools to deny health
care unfairly; firms have mis-sold or overstated the abilities of
health AI; algorithms have made mistakes. Firms have a duty to
ensure that their products are safe and reliable and that
humans, however imperfect, remain in control.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在医疗
保健领域的应用所面临的一些问题。
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( ) 5.What does the underlined word “mediocre” mean in
Paragraph 1
A.Unsatisfactory. B.Exciting.
C.Surprising. D.Destructive.
[解析] 词义猜测题。由文章第二段“It may already be speeding
the time it takes for new drugs to reach clinical trials. However,
progress has been slow and the results have often been
mediocre.”可知，画线词所在句前半句讲“进展缓慢”，后半句应承接
上文，表示“结果不理想或不能令人满意”，所以mediocre表示“不能
令人满意的”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
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( ) 6.Why does the government control data strictly
A.AI's learning ability is out of control.
B.AI's innovation develops at a rapid pace.
C.The medical privacy might be under attack.
D.Patients want better and more personalized care.
[解析] 推理判断题。由文章第三段“AI systems learn by processing
huge volumes of data, which are under strict control by
governments because patients want better and more
personalized care but patients also want their medical privacy
protected.”可推知，政府严格控制数据是因为担心医疗隐私可能会受
到攻击。故选C。
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( ) 7.In Paragraph 5, what leads to public health systems
refusing AI
A.A smaller budget next year.
B.Increased costs of AI's innovation.
C.Failing to offer effective treatment.
D.Decreasing visits, tests or procedures.
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[解析] 细节理解题。由文章第五段“And even public health
systems may lack motivations to adopt technologies that reduce
costs rather than improve outcomes, perhaps because saving
money may lead to a smaller budget next year.”可知，下一年预
算减少可能导致公共卫生系统拒绝人工智能。故选A。
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( ) 8.What is the best title for the passage
A.Boosting AI in health care
B.AI doctors Not so optimistic
C.Applications of AI in health systems
D.Solutions to AI problems in health care
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[解析] 主旨大意题。由文章第二段“There is already evidence that
AI systems can enhance diagnostic (诊断的) accuracy and
disease tracking, improve the prediction of patients' outcomes
and suggest better treatments. It may already be speeding the
time it takes for new drugs to reach clinical trials. However,
progress has been slow and the results have often been
mediocre.”以及上下文可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能在医疗保健领
域的应用所面临的一些问题。所以B项(人工智能医生？不那么乐观)
符合文章内容。故选B。
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Ⅵ 完形填空［2024·江苏常州高一期末］
Shane Porter knew clearly that he was dying of cancer
when he one day came home with a rusty (生锈的) 1969
Jeepster Commando. He planned to . .1. . it. And it was intended
to be a(n) . .2. . activity that he could work on with his wife and
their two sons for the rest of his time.
The family . .3. . the project and fixed the vehicle until Shane
Porter died after three years. The family couldn't finish the
project, but they couldn't imagine . .4. . the car either. It has
emotional value.
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So the car sat there—until last May, when Bob Mauger, a
close family friend, noticed it and saw a(n) . .5. .. “This would be
a good project for my students to complete,” Mauger thought,
an automotive technology teacher.
He shared the . .6. . with his class, and the students
were . .7. . on board. The restoration (整修) of the vehicle was
the class' most significant project . .8. . the meaning behind it. It
also proved more . .9. . than the students had expected with
engine parts missing and cooling system issues.
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It took 15 months to . .10. . all the problems. Many students
spent their free time on the project and some even
continued . .11. . the project after they graduated.
Eventually, the car . .12. .. It became drivable and safe. The
students . .13. . the revived Jeepster to the family, causing tears
of gratitude (感激) and emotion. “I know they'll have that car
for a long time. It feels . .14. .,” Judah Castillo, a student, said.
For the Porters, the revived car is more than just a vehicle; it is
the . .15. . of Shane Porter's life and the students' devotion.
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【文章大意】文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群学汽车技术的学生
帮助波特一家修理过世的肖恩·波特留下的汽车的故事。
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( ) 1.A.repaint B.repair C.replace D.return
[解析] 根据下文“…fixed the vehicle…”可知，他打算修理汽车。故
选B。repaint重画；repair修理；replace取代；return返回。
( ) 2.A.bonding B.training
C.uplifting D.wide-ranging
[解析] 根据下文“…he could work on with his wife and their two
sons for the rest of his time.”可知，这是一项增进人与人之间的关
系的活动。故选A。bonding人与人之间的关系；training训练；
uplifting令人振奋的；wide-ranging广泛的。
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( ) 3.A.expanded B.monitored
C.postponed D.conducted
[解析] 根据下文“…the project and fixed the vehicle…”可知，这家
人一直在实施这个计划。故选D。expand扩张；monitor监视；
postpone延期；conduct 实施。
( ) 4.A.getting hold of B.getting rid of
C.getting ready for D.getting used to
[解析] 根据上文“The family couldn't finish the project…”和下文“It
has emotional value.”可知，这家人无法完成计划，也无法把破旧的
车丢掉，因为它有情感价值。故选B。get hold of获得(某物)；get
rid of摆脱，丢掉；get ready for准备好(某事)；get used to习惯。
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( ) 5.A.transformation B.opportunity
C.challenge D.responsibility
[解析] 根据下文“This would be a good project for my students
to complete…”可知，这是一个让学生发挥的机会。故选B。
transformation改观；opportunity机会；challenge挑战；
responsibility责任。
( ) 6.A.discovery B.adventure C.kindness D.idea
[解析] 根据上文“‘This would be a good project for my students
to complete,’ Mauger thought…”可知，他把这个想法和学生们分享
了。故选D。discovery发现；adventure冒险；kindness善良；idea想法。
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( ) 7.A.unwillingly B.thankfully
C.enthusiastically D.obviously
[解析] 根据下文“Many students spent their free time on the
project and some even continued…the project after they
graduated.”可知，学生们对这个想法很热情。故选C项。unwillingly
不愿意地；thankfully感激地；enthusiastically热情地；obviously明显地。
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( ) 8.A.instead of B.in spite of
C.because of D.in case of
[解析] 根据上文“The restoration (整修) of the vehicle was the
class' most significant project…” 以及下文the meaning behind it
可知，此处表示因果关系。故选C项。instead of而不是； in spite
of尽管；because of由于；in case of万一。
( ) 9.A.complex B.changeable C.technical D.practical
[解析] 根据下文“…with engine parts missing and cooling system
issues.”可知，修理这辆破旧的汽车比想象的要复杂。故选A。
complex复杂的；changeable可改变的； technical技术的；
practical实际的。
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( ) 10.A.record B.schedule C.address D.question
[解析] 根据上文“…with engine parts missing and cooling system
issues.”可知，学生们花了15个月的时间设法解决了所有的问题。故
选C。record记录；schedule安排；address设法解决；question询问。
( ) 11.A.contributing to B.responding to
C.applying to D.adapting to
[解析] 根据下文“…the project after they graduated.”可知，有些人
甚至在毕业后继续为这个项目做贡献。故选A。contribute to为……
做贡献；respond to回应；apply to应用于；adapt to适应。
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( ) 12.A.approached B.crashed C.stopped D.functioned
[解析] 根据下文“It became drivable and safe.”可知，最终汽车可
以正常运转了。故选D。approach接近；crash碰撞；stop停止；
function正常工作，运转。
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( ) 13.A.explained B.promised C.presented D.lent
[解析] 根据下文“…causing tears of gratitude (感激) and emotion.”
可知，汽车修理完毕，所以学生们把它归还给了这家人。故选C。
explain解释；promise承诺；present呈现；lend借出。
( ) 14.A.surprising B.rewarding C.amusing D.confusing
[解析] 根据上文“I know they'll have that car for a long time.”可
知，那家人会珍藏那辆车，所以学生们感觉自己的付出很有意义。
故选B。surprising令人惊讶的；rewarding值得的，有意义的；
amusing有趣的；confusing令人困惑的。
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( ) 15.A.highlight B.power C.beginning D.symbol
[解析] 根据下文Shane Porter's life and the students' devotion可
知，这辆汽车凝聚了肖恩· 波特的生活和学生们的奉献，所以这是一
种象征。故选D。highlight最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分；
power力量；beginning开始；symbol象征。
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