Module1 Unit1 Wise men in history单元测试（含答案）沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）九年级英语上册
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沪教牛津版英语九年级上册 Module 1 Unit1 Wise men in history 单元测试卷
一、词汇运用（共 30 分）
A）根据句意及首字母补全单词（每题 1 分，共 10 分）
Confucius is one of the most famous w__________ men in Chinese history.
Archimedes found the principle of buoyancy（浮力）when he took a b_____.
The king asked his men to find a way to t__________ the gold crown to see if it was pure.
Edison i__________ many useful things, like the light bulb, which changed people's lives.
Newton discovered the law of g________ when an apple fell from the tree.
The wise man gave the king a valuable s__________ on how to rule the country well.
We should l__________ from the wise men in history and learn their spirit of exploration.
The scientist did many e__________ to prove his theory（理论）.
Einstein is known for his great c__________ to the field of physics.
The story of the wise man solving the difficult problem is still popular a__________ people today.
B）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（每题 1 分，共 10 分）
Confucius's teachings have __________（influence）people all over the world for thousands of years.
Archimedes was a great __________（science）who made many important discoveries.
Edison was a famous __________（invent）; he created more than 1,000 inventions in his life.
Newton's __________（discover）of gravity helped people understand the universe better.
The wise man gave us some __________（value）advice on how to face difficulties.
We should be __________（curiosity）about the world around us, just like the wise men in history.
The scientist spent five years___________（do）research on the new energy source.
His __________（solve）to the problem was very creative and surprised everyone.
The teacher encouraged us __________（learn）from the wise men and keep trying.
The story of the wise man is __________（wide）spread among children.
C）选择短语填空（注意形式）（每题 1 分，共 10 分）
（take a bath, think about, find out, learn from, make a discovery, come up with, in history, be known for, take advice, solve problems）
Archimedes __________ the principle of buoyancy when he __________.
We should _________the wise men in history and develop our own thinking.
The king wanted to __________ if the crown was made of pure gold.
Edison __________ many useful inventions and __________ his creativity.
When you face difficulties,you can________from your parents or teachers.
The scientist spent years doing experiments and finally __________.
It's important to_________different ways to__________ in our daily life.
Confucius is one of the greatest educators __________.
She_______a good idea to organize a charity event to help poor children.
Before making a decision, you should __________ its advantages and disadvantages.
二、单选（每题 2 分，共 20 分）
（ ）1. Confucius's teachings __________ people for over 2,000 years.
A. influence B. influenced C. have influenced D. will influence
（ ）2. Archimedes __________ the principle of buoyancy while he was taking a bath.
A. discovers B. discovered C. will discover D. has discovered
（ ）3. Edison is famous __________ inventing the light bulb.
A. for B. as C. with D. in
（ ）4. Newton __________ by an apple falling from the tree, which led to his discovery of gravity.
A. was inspired B. inspired C. is inspired D. inspires
（ ）5. We should keep __________ about the world and never stop asking questions.
A. curious B. curiosity C. curiously D. curiousness
（ ）6. The wise man's advice helped the king __________ the difficult problem successfully.
A. solve B. solving C. solved D. to solving
（ ）7. —Who is __________ wise man in Chinese history in your opinion
—Confucius, I think.
A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest
（ ）8. The scientist spent a lot of time __________ research and finally made a new discovery.
A. do B. doing C. to do D. did
（ ）9. His solution __________ the problem was so clever that everyone praised him.
A. to B. of C. for D. with
（ ）10. —__________ did Einstein become famous
—Because of his theory of relativity.
A. Why B. How C. What D. When
三、句型转换（每题 3 分，共 15 分）
1.Archimedes discovered the principle of buoyancy when he was taking a bath.（对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ Archimedes __________ the principle of buoyancy
2.Confucius's teachings have influenced people all over the world.（改为一般疑问句）
__________ Confucius's teachings __________ people all over the world
3.Edison invented more than 1,000 inventions in his life.（改为被动语态）
More than 1,000 inventions __________ __________ by Edison in his life.
4.We should learn from the wise men in history.（改为否定句）
We __________ __________ learn from the wise men in history.
5.Newton is one of the greatest scientists in history.（改为感叹句）
__________ __________ Newton is!
四、完形填空（每题 2 分，共 20 分）
One of the most famous wise men in ancient Greece was Archimedes.He lived around 287-212 BC and was known for his great 1.______in math and science.
One day, the king of Syracuse gave Archimedes a task. He wanted Archimedes to 2._____if his new gold crown was made of pure gold, or if the goldsmith had mixed it with silver. The king didn't want to damage the crown, so Archimedes had to find a way without breaking it.
Archimedes thought about the problem for days, but he couldn't 3.______it. One day, he decided to take a bath to relax. When he stepped into the bath, he noticed that water 4.______as he got in. Suddenly,he had an idea!
He realized that the volume of water displaced（排出）was equal to the volume of his body. So, if he put the crown into water, the water would rise, and he could 5.______the volume of the crown. Then he could compare it with the volume of a piece of pure gold of the same weight.If the crown's volume was larger,it meant the goldsmith had mixed silver into it.
Archimedes was so excited that he jumped out of the bath and ran through the streets 6._____, "Eureka! Eureka!" (which means "I have found it!").
He went back to the king and did the experiment. As he expected, the crown displaced more water than the pure gold. The king 7.______out that the goldsmith had tricked him.
Archimedes's discovery of buoyancy is still important today. It helps us understand how ships float on water and how submarines work. His story also tells us that 8._______is important—sometimes, great ideas come from paying attention to small things in life.
Archimedes made many other contributions to science and math. He invented machines like the Archimedes screw（阿基米德螺旋泵）, which is still used to 9._______water today. He also calculated the value of pi（圆周率）more accurately than anyone before him.
Archimedes is remembered as one of the greatest wise men in history. His spirit of 10.__________inspires people all over the world to this day.
A.inventions B. discoveries C. advice
A. find out B. look for C. think about
3.A. solve B. discover C. invent
4.A. rose B. rises C. rise
5.A. measure B. make C. take
6.A. shout B. shouting C. shouted
7.A. finds B. found C. will find
8.A. curiosity B. creativity C. observation
9.A. carry B. move C. pump
10.A. exploration B. invention C. education
五、阅读理解（共 20 分）
（一）选择最佳答案（每题 2 分，共 10 分）
Confucius: A Great Educator in Chinese History
Confucius, whose real name was Kong Qiu, was born in 551 BC in the state of Lu (now part of Shandong Province). He is one of the most important figures in Chinese history and is known as the "Great Sage" (至圣).
Confucius dedicated his life to education. Before his time, education was only for nobles（贵族）. Confucius believed that everyone should have the right to learn, no matter how poor they were. He opened a private school and taught more than 3,000 students. Many of his students became important officials and scholars.
Confucius's teachings focused on morality（道德）, family values, and social order. He emphasized（强调）the importance of "Ren" (仁，kindness and benevolence), "Yi" (义，justice), and "Li" (礼，ritual and respect). He also taught his students to be honest, humble, and hard-working.
Confucius's teachings were collected by his students into a book called The Analects of Confucius（《论语》）. This book has been an important part of Chinese culture for over 2,000 years. It has influenced not only China but also other countries in East Asia, like Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.
Today, Confucius is still respected around the world. There are Confucius Institutes（孔子学院）in many countries, where people learn Chinese language and culture. His ideas about education and morality are still relevant（相关的）today and continue to guide people's lives.
（ ）1. When was Confucius born
A. In 551 BC. B. In 287 BC. C. In 212 BC. D. In 515 BC.
（ ）2. What did Confucius believe about education
A. Education was only for nobles.
B. Only rich people could learn.
C. Everyone should have the right to learn.
D. Education was not important for common people.
（ ）3. What was the focus of Confucius's teachings
A. Science and math. B. Morality, family values, and social order.
C. Inventions and discoveries. D. History and geography.
（ ）4. Where are Confucius's teachings collected
A. In The Analects of Confucius.
B. In a book about his life.
C. In a history book of the state of Lu.
D. In a science book about education.
（ ）5. Why are there Confucius Institutes in many countries today
A. To teach people how to invent things.
B. To teach Chinese language and culture.
C. To help people learn about Greek history.
D. To promote（推广）science and technology.
（二）回答问题（每题 2 分，共 10 分）
Einstein: A Wise Man of Modern Science
Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. He was one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century and is known for his theory of relativity（相对论）.
Einstein was not a good student when he was young. He didn't like the strict rules of school and often daydreamed. However, he was very curious about the world. He loved to ask questions and think deeply about things. At the age of 16, he began to think about what it would be like to ride a beam of light（一束光）—this idea later led to his theory of relativity.
In 1905, Einstein published four important papers, which are now called his "miracle year" papers. One of these papers introduced the special theory of relativity, which changed people's understanding of time and space. Another paper explained the photoelectric effect（光电效应）, which led to the invention of the laser and solar panels（太阳能板）.
Einstein's most famous equation is E=mc , which shows that energy（能量）and mass（质量）are related. This equation laid the foundation（奠定基础）for nuclear energy（核能）and atomic bombs（原子弹）. However, Einstein was against the use of atomic bombs in war.
In 1921, Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Later, he moved to the United States to escape the Nazi regime（纳粹政权）. He spent the rest of his life working on unified field theory（统一场论）, which tried to explain all the forces of nature in one theory.
Einstein died in 1955, but his ideas continue to influence science today. He is also remembered for his wisdom about life. He once said, "Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited, but imagination encircles（环绕）the world."
1.When and where was Einstein born
2.Why wasn't Einstein a good student when he was young
3.What did Einstein's special theory of relativity change
4.Why did Einstein win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921
5.What did Einstein think was more important than knowledge
六、书面表达（15 分）
假设你是李华，你校将举办 “History's Wise Men” 主题演讲比赛，要求介绍一位你敬佩的历史智者。请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿：
介绍智者的基本信息（姓名、时期、国家）；
讲述他的一个重要成就或故事；
分享他对你的影响或你从他身上学到的品质。
要求：1. 词数 80-100 左右；2. 条理清晰，语句通顺；3. 演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear teachers and classmates,
I'm honored to stand here to talk about a wise man in history I admire—__________.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let's learn from him and keep pursuing wisdom and truth. Thank you!
参考答案
一、词汇运用
A）根据句意及首字母补全单词
1.wise 2. bath 3. test 4. invented 5. gravity 6. suggestion
7. learn 8. experiments 9. contributions 10. among
B）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.influenced（现在完成时，have 后接过去分词）
2. scientist（“科学家”，由 great 修饰需名词）
3. inventor（“发明家”，对应 “发明很多东西” 的身份）
4. discovery（“发现”，名词形式作主语）
5. valuable（“有价值的”，形容词修饰 advice）
6. curious（“好奇的”，be curious about 为固定搭配）
7. doing（spend time doing sth. 固定搭配）
8. solution（“解决方案”，名词形式作主语）
9. to learn（encourage sb. to do sth. 固定搭配）
10. widely（“广泛地”，副词修饰 spread）
C）选择短语填空（注意形式）
1.discovered; was taking a bath（描述过去事件，用一般过去时；while 后接过去进行时）
2. learn from（“向…… 学习”，情态动词后接原形）
3. find out（“查明”，want to 后接原形）
4. made; is known for（前半句用一般过去时；后半句描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动）
5. take advice（“采纳建议”，情态动词后接原形）
6. made a discovery（“做出发现”，用一般过去时）
7. come up with; solve problems（“想出方法” 和 “解决问题”，to 后接原形）
8. in history（“在历史上”，固定短语）
9. came up with（“想出主意”，用一般过去时）
10. think about（“考虑”，情态动词后接原形）
二、单选
1.C（“for over 2,000 years” 提示用现在完成时）
2. B（描述过去事件，用一般过去时）
3. A（be famous for“因…… 著名”，固定搭配）
4. A（主语与 inspire 为被动关系，描述过去事件用一般过去时的被动）
5.A（keep 后接形容词作表语，curious 为形容词 “好奇的”，be curious about 为固定搭配，故选 A）
6.A（help sb. do sth. 为固定搭配，“帮助某人做某事”，故选 A）
7.D（由 “in Chinese history” 可知范围大于三者，用最高级，great 的最高级为 greatest，且最高级前需加 the，故选 D）
8.B（spend time doing sth. 为固定搭配，“花费时间做某事”，故选 B）
9.A（solution to the problem 为固定搭配，“问题的解决方案”，故选 A）
10.A（根据答语 “Because of...” 可知，问句询问原因，用 Why，故选 A）
三、句型转换
When did; discover（对时间状语提问用 When，原句为一般过去时，助动词用 did，后面动词用原形 discover）
Have; influenced（原句为现在完成时，一般疑问句需将助动词 Have 提前，后面动词用过去分词 influenced）
were invented（被动语态结构为 “be + 过去分词”，原句为一般过去时，主语为复数，be 动词用 were，invent 的过去分词为 invented）
should not（情态动词 should 的否定形式为 should not，缩写为 shouldn't）
What a great scientist（感叹句结构为 “What+a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！”，此处 “伟大的科学家” 为 a great scientist，故填 What a great scientist）
四、完形填空
B（由后文 “buoyancy（浮力）” 等可知，阿基米德以 “发现” 闻名，inventions “发明”、advice “建议” 不符合语境，故选 B）
A（国王想 “查明” 皇冠是否为纯金，find out“查明；弄清楚”，look for “寻找”、think about “思考” 不符合语境，故选 A）
A（“解决问题” 用 solve the problem，discover “发现”、invent “发明” 不符合语境，故选 A）
A（由 “noticed” 可知句子为一般过去时，rise 的过去式为 rose，故选 A）
A（“测量皇冠的体积” 用 measure the volume，make “制作”、take “拿取” 不符合语境，故选 A）
B（此处用现在分词 shouting 作伴随状语，描述 “跑” 的同时 “喊叫” 的动作，故选 B）
B（描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，find 的过去式为 found，故选 B）
C（由 “paying attention to small things” 可知，此处强调 “观察” 的重要性，curiosity “好奇”、creativity “创造力” 不符合语境，故选 C）
C（阿基米德螺旋泵用于 “抽水”，pump “抽水”，carry “搬运”、move “移动” 不符合语境，故选 C）
A（阿基米德的 “探索精神” 激励后人，invention “发明”、education “教育” 不符合语境，故选 A）
五、阅读理解
（一）选择最佳答案
A（原文提到 “Confucius... was born in 551 BC”，故选 A）
C（原文提到 “Confucius believed that everyone should have the right to learn”，故选 C）
B（原文提到 “Confucius's teachings focused on morality（道德）, family values, and social order”，故选 B）
A（原文提到 “Confucius's teachings were collected by his students into a book called The Analects of Confucius”，故选 A）
B（原文提到 “Confucius Institutes... where people learn Chinese language and culture”，故选 B）
（二）回答问题
He was born in Germany in 1879.（原文提到 “Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879”）
Because he didn't like the strict rules of school and often daydreamed.（原文提到 “He didn't like the strict rules of school and often daydreamed”）
It changed people's understanding of time and space.（原文提到 “the special theory of relativity, which changed people's understanding of time and space”）
Because of his explanation of the photoelectric effect.（原文提到 “Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect”）
He thought imagination was more important than knowledge.（原文提到 “Imagination is more important than knowledge”）
六、书面表达（参考范文）
Dear teachers and classmates,
I'm honored to stand here to talk about a wise man in history I admire—Confucius.
Confucius was born in 551 BC in the state of Lu, China. He was a great educator and thinker. Before his time, education was only for nobles, but he opened a private school and taught over 3,000 students, letting everyone have the chance to learn. His teachings about "Ren" and "Li" are still important today.
From Confucius, I learn to be kind and respect others. I also realize the value of education.
Let's learn from him and keep pursuing wisdom and truth. Thank you!
（范文解析：覆盖所有要点，介绍了孔子的基本信息、打破贵族教育垄断的成就，以及对 “我” 的影响，词数约 90 词，符合要求，语句通顺，贴合单元主题。）
一、词汇运用（共 30 分）
A）根据句意及首字母补全单词（每题 1 分，共 10 分）
Confucius is one of the most famous w__________ men in Chinese history.
Archimedes found the principle of buoyancy（浮力）when he took a b_____.
The king asked his men to find a way to t__________ the gold crown to see if it was pure.
Edison i__________ many useful things, like the light bulb, which changed people's lives.
Newton discovered the law of g________ when an apple fell from the tree.
The wise man gave the king a valuable s__________ on how to rule the country well.
We should l__________ from the wise men in history and learn their spirit of exploration.
The scientist did many e__________ to prove his theory（理论）.
Einstein is known for his great c__________ to the field of physics.
The story of the wise man solving the difficult problem is still popular a__________ people today.
B）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（每题 1 分，共 10 分）
Confucius's teachings have __________（influence）people all over the world for thousands of years.
Archimedes was a great __________（science）who made many important discoveries.
Edison was a famous __________（invent）; he created more than 1,000 inventions in his life.
Newton's __________（discover）of gravity helped people understand the universe better.
The wise man gave us some __________（value）advice on how to face difficulties.
We should be __________（curiosity）about the world around us, just like the wise men in history.
The scientist spent five years___________（do）research on the new energy source.
His __________（solve）to the problem was very creative and surprised everyone.
The teacher encouraged us __________（learn）from the wise men and keep trying.
The story of the wise man is __________（wide）spread among children.
C）选择短语填空（注意形式）（每题 1 分，共 10 分）
（take a bath, think about, find out, learn from, make a discovery, come up with, in history, be known for, take advice, solve problems）
Archimedes __________ the principle of buoyancy when he __________.
We should _________the wise men in history and develop our own thinking.
The king wanted to __________ if the crown was made of pure gold.
Edison __________ many useful inventions and __________ his creativity.
When you face difficulties,you can________from your parents or teachers.
The scientist spent years doing experiments and finally __________.
It's important to_________different ways to__________ in our daily life.
Confucius is one of the greatest educators __________.
She_______a good idea to organize a charity event to help poor children.
Before making a decision, you should __________ its advantages and disadvantages.
二、单选（每题 2 分，共 20 分）
（ ）1. Confucius's teachings __________ people for over 2,000 years.
A. influence B. influenced C. have influenced D. will influence
（ ）2. Archimedes __________ the principle of buoyancy while he was taking a bath.
A. discovers B. discovered C. will discover D. has discovered
（ ）3. Edison is famous __________ inventing the light bulb.
A. for B. as C. with D. in
（ ）4. Newton __________ by an apple falling from the tree, which led to his discovery of gravity.
A. was inspired B. inspired C. is inspired D. inspires
（ ）5. We should keep __________ about the world and never stop asking questions.
A. curious B. curiosity C. curiously D. curiousness
（ ）6. The wise man's advice helped the king __________ the difficult problem successfully.
A. solve B. solving C. solved D. to solving
（ ）7. —Who is __________ wise man in Chinese history in your opinion
—Confucius, I think.
A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest
（ ）8. The scientist spent a lot of time __________ research and finally made a new discovery.
A. do B. doing C. to do D. did
（ ）9. His solution __________ the problem was so clever that everyone praised him.
A. to B. of C. for D. with
（ ）10. —__________ did Einstein become famous
—Because of his theory of relativity.
A. Why B. How C. What D. When
三、句型转换（每题 3 分，共 15 分）
1.Archimedes discovered the principle of buoyancy when he was taking a bath.（对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ Archimedes __________ the principle of buoyancy
2.Confucius's teachings have influenced people all over the world.（改为一般疑问句）
__________ Confucius's teachings __________ people all over the world
3.Edison invented more than 1,000 inventions in his life.（改为被动语态）
More than 1,000 inventions __________ __________ by Edison in his life.
4.We should learn from the wise men in history.（改为否定句）
We __________ __________ learn from the wise men in history.
5.Newton is one of the greatest scientists in history.（改为感叹句）
__________ __________ Newton is!
四、完形填空（每题 2 分，共 20 分）
One of the most famous wise men in ancient Greece was Archimedes.He lived around 287-212 BC and was known for his great 1.______in math and science.
One day, the king of Syracuse gave Archimedes a task. He wanted Archimedes to 2._____if his new gold crown was made of pure gold, or if the goldsmith had mixed it with silver. The king didn't want to damage the crown, so Archimedes had to find a way without breaking it.
Archimedes thought about the problem for days, but he couldn't 3.______it. One day, he decided to take a bath to relax. When he stepped into the bath, he noticed that water 4.______as he got in. Suddenly,he had an idea!
He realized that the volume of water displaced（排出）was equal to the volume of his body. So, if he put the crown into water, the water would rise, and he could 5.______the volume of the crown. Then he could compare it with the volume of a piece of pure gold of the same weight.If the crown's volume was larger,it meant the goldsmith had mixed silver into it.
Archimedes was so excited that he jumped out of the bath and ran through the streets 6._____, "Eureka! Eureka!" (which means "I have found it!").
He went back to the king and did the experiment. As he expected, the crown displaced more water than the pure gold. The king 7.______out that the goldsmith had tricked him.
Archimedes's discovery of buoyancy is still important today. It helps us understand how ships float on water and how submarines work. His story also tells us that 8._______is important—sometimes, great ideas come from paying attention to small things in life.
Archimedes made many other contributions to science and math. He invented machines like the Archimedes screw（阿基米德螺旋泵）, which is still used to 9._______water today. He also calculated the value of pi（圆周率）more accurately than anyone before him.
Archimedes is remembered as one of the greatest wise men in history. His spirit of 10.__________inspires people all over the world to this day.
A.inventions B. discoveries C. advice
A. find out B. look for C. think about
3.A. solve B. discover C. invent
4.A. rose B. rises C. rise
5.A. measure B. make C. take
6.A. shout B. shouting C. shouted
7.A. finds B. found C. will find
8.A. curiosity B. creativity C. observation
9.A. carry B. move C. pump
10.A. exploration B. invention C. education
五、阅读理解（共 20 分）
（一）选择最佳答案（每题 2 分，共 10 分）
Confucius: A Great Educator in Chinese History
Confucius, whose real name was Kong Qiu, was born in 551 BC in the state of Lu (now part of Shandong Province). He is one of the most important figures in Chinese history and is known as the "Great Sage" (至圣).
Confucius dedicated his life to education. Before his time, education was only for nobles（贵族）. Confucius believed that everyone should have the right to learn, no matter how poor they were. He opened a private school and taught more than 3,000 students. Many of his students became important officials and scholars.
Confucius's teachings focused on morality（道德）, family values, and social order. He emphasized（强调）the importance of "Ren" (仁，kindness and benevolence), "Yi" (义，justice), and "Li" (礼，ritual and respect). He also taught his students to be honest, humble, and hard-working.
Confucius's teachings were collected by his students into a book called The Analects of Confucius（《论语》）. This book has been an important part of Chinese culture for over 2,000 years. It has influenced not only China but also other countries in East Asia, like Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.
Today, Confucius is still respected around the world. There are Confucius Institutes（孔子学院）in many countries, where people learn Chinese language and culture. His ideas about education and morality are still relevant（相关的）today and continue to guide people's lives.
（ ）1. When was Confucius born
A. In 551 BC. B. In 287 BC. C. In 212 BC. D. In 515 BC.
（ ）2. What did Confucius believe about education
A. Education was only for nobles.
B. Only rich people could learn.
C. Everyone should have the right to learn.
D. Education was not important for common people.
（ ）3. What was the focus of Confucius's teachings
A. Science and math. B. Morality, family values, and social order.
C. Inventions and discoveries. D. History and geography.
（ ）4. Where are Confucius's teachings collected
A. In The Analects of Confucius.
B. In a book about his life.
C. In a history book of the state of Lu.
D. In a science book about education.
（ ）5. Why are there Confucius Institutes in many countries today
A. To teach people how to invent things.
B. To teach Chinese language and culture.
C. To help people learn about Greek history.
D. To promote（推广）science and technology.
（二）回答问题（每题 2 分，共 10 分）
Einstein: A Wise Man of Modern Science
Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. He was one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century and is known for his theory of relativity（相对论）.
Einstein was not a good student when he was young. He didn't like the strict rules of school and often daydreamed. However, he was very curious about the world. He loved to ask questions and think deeply about things. At the age of 16, he began to think about what it would be like to ride a beam of light（一束光）—this idea later led to his theory of relativity.
In 1905, Einstein published four important papers, which are now called his "miracle year" papers. One of these papers introduced the special theory of relativity, which changed people's understanding of time and space. Another paper explained the photoelectric effect（光电效应）, which led to the invention of the laser and solar panels（太阳能板）.
Einstein's most famous equation is E=mc , which shows that energy（能量）and mass（质量）are related. This equation laid the foundation（奠定基础）for nuclear energy（核能）and atomic bombs（原子弹）. However, Einstein was against the use of atomic bombs in war.
In 1921, Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Later, he moved to the United States to escape the Nazi regime（纳粹政权）. He spent the rest of his life working on unified field theory（统一场论）, which tried to explain all the forces of nature in one theory.
Einstein died in 1955, but his ideas continue to influence science today. He is also remembered for his wisdom about life. He once said, "Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited, but imagination encircles（环绕）the world."
1.When and where was Einstein born
2.Why wasn't Einstein a good student when he was young
3.What did Einstein's special theory of relativity change
4.Why did Einstein win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921
5.What did Einstein think was more important than knowledge
六、书面表达（15 分）
假设你是李华，你校将举办 “History's Wise Men” 主题演讲比赛，要求介绍一位你敬佩的历史智者。请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿：
介绍智者的基本信息（姓名、时期、国家）；
讲述他的一个重要成就或故事；
分享他对你的影响或你从他身上学到的品质。
要求：1. 词数 80-100 左右；2. 条理清晰，语句通顺；3. 演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear teachers and classmates,
I'm honored to stand here to talk about a wise man in history I admire—__________.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let's learn from him and keep pursuing wisdom and truth. Thank you!
参考答案
一、词汇运用
A）根据句意及首字母补全单词
1.wise 2. bath 3. test 4. invented 5. gravity 6. suggestion
7. learn 8. experiments 9. contributions 10. among
B）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.influenced（现在完成时，have 后接过去分词）
2. scientist（“科学家”，由 great 修饰需名词）
3. inventor（“发明家”，对应 “发明很多东西” 的身份）
4. discovery（“发现”，名词形式作主语）
5. valuable（“有价值的”，形容词修饰 advice）
6. curious（“好奇的”，be curious about 为固定搭配）
7. doing（spend time doing sth. 固定搭配）
8. solution（“解决方案”，名词形式作主语）
9. to learn（encourage sb. to do sth. 固定搭配）
10. widely（“广泛地”，副词修饰 spread）
C）选择短语填空（注意形式）
1.discovered; was taking a bath（描述过去事件，用一般过去时；while 后接过去进行时）
2. learn from（“向…… 学习”，情态动词后接原形）
3. find out（“查明”，want to 后接原形）
4. made; is known for（前半句用一般过去时；后半句描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动）
5. take advice（“采纳建议”，情态动词后接原形）
6. made a discovery（“做出发现”，用一般过去时）
7. come up with; solve problems（“想出方法” 和 “解决问题”，to 后接原形）
8. in history（“在历史上”，固定短语）
9. came up with（“想出主意”，用一般过去时）
10. think about（“考虑”，情态动词后接原形）
二、单选
1.C（“for over 2,000 years” 提示用现在完成时）
2. B（描述过去事件，用一般过去时）
3. A（be famous for“因…… 著名”，固定搭配）
4. A（主语与 inspire 为被动关系，描述过去事件用一般过去时的被动）
5.A（keep 后接形容词作表语，curious 为形容词 “好奇的”，be curious about 为固定搭配，故选 A）
6.A（help sb. do sth. 为固定搭配，“帮助某人做某事”，故选 A）
7.D（由 “in Chinese history” 可知范围大于三者，用最高级，great 的最高级为 greatest，且最高级前需加 the，故选 D）
8.B（spend time doing sth. 为固定搭配，“花费时间做某事”，故选 B）
9.A（solution to the problem 为固定搭配，“问题的解决方案”，故选 A）
10.A（根据答语 “Because of...” 可知，问句询问原因，用 Why，故选 A）
三、句型转换
When did; discover（对时间状语提问用 When，原句为一般过去时，助动词用 did，后面动词用原形 discover）
Have; influenced（原句为现在完成时，一般疑问句需将助动词 Have 提前，后面动词用过去分词 influenced）
were invented（被动语态结构为 “be + 过去分词”，原句为一般过去时，主语为复数，be 动词用 were，invent 的过去分词为 invented）
should not（情态动词 should 的否定形式为 should not，缩写为 shouldn't）
What a great scientist（感叹句结构为 “What+a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！”，此处 “伟大的科学家” 为 a great scientist，故填 What a great scientist）
四、完形填空
B（由后文 “buoyancy（浮力）” 等可知，阿基米德以 “发现” 闻名，inventions “发明”、advice “建议” 不符合语境，故选 B）
A（国王想 “查明” 皇冠是否为纯金，find out“查明；弄清楚”，look for “寻找”、think about “思考” 不符合语境，故选 A）
A（“解决问题” 用 solve the problem，discover “发现”、invent “发明” 不符合语境，故选 A）
A（由 “noticed” 可知句子为一般过去时，rise 的过去式为 rose，故选 A）
A（“测量皇冠的体积” 用 measure the volume，make “制作”、take “拿取” 不符合语境，故选 A）
B（此处用现在分词 shouting 作伴随状语，描述 “跑” 的同时 “喊叫” 的动作，故选 B）
B（描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，find 的过去式为 found，故选 B）
C（由 “paying attention to small things” 可知，此处强调 “观察” 的重要性，curiosity “好奇”、creativity “创造力” 不符合语境，故选 C）
C（阿基米德螺旋泵用于 “抽水”，pump “抽水”，carry “搬运”、move “移动” 不符合语境，故选 C）
A（阿基米德的 “探索精神” 激励后人，invention “发明”、education “教育” 不符合语境，故选 A）
五、阅读理解
（一）选择最佳答案
A（原文提到 “Confucius... was born in 551 BC”，故选 A）
C（原文提到 “Confucius believed that everyone should have the right to learn”，故选 C）
B（原文提到 “Confucius's teachings focused on morality（道德）, family values, and social order”，故选 B）
A（原文提到 “Confucius's teachings were collected by his students into a book called The Analects of Confucius”，故选 A）
B（原文提到 “Confucius Institutes... where people learn Chinese language and culture”，故选 B）
（二）回答问题
He was born in Germany in 1879.（原文提到 “Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879”）
Because he didn't like the strict rules of school and often daydreamed.（原文提到 “He didn't like the strict rules of school and often daydreamed”）
It changed people's understanding of time and space.（原文提到 “the special theory of relativity, which changed people's understanding of time and space”）
Because of his explanation of the photoelectric effect.（原文提到 “Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect”）
He thought imagination was more important than knowledge.（原文提到 “Imagination is more important than knowledge”）
六、书面表达（参考范文）
Dear teachers and classmates,
I'm honored to stand here to talk about a wise man in history I admire—Confucius.
Confucius was born in 551 BC in the state of Lu, China. He was a great educator and thinker. Before his time, education was only for nobles, but he opened a private school and taught over 3,000 students, letting everyone have the chance to learn. His teachings about "Ren" and "Li" are still important today.
From Confucius, I learn to be kind and respect others. I also realize the value of education.
Let's learn from him and keep pursuing wisdom and truth. Thank you!
（范文解析：覆盖所有要点，介绍了孔子的基本信息、打破贵族教育垄断的成就，以及对 “我” 的影响，词数约 90 词，符合要求，语句通顺，贴合单元主题。）