Period Three Developing ideas
【课前自主探究】
Task 1: Fast Reading
1.fall into the sea 2.permitted to leave 3.the walk under the waters 4.felt the weight of 5.lit the soil 6.drove away the rays of the sun
Task 2: Careful Reading
1—3 ABC
Task 3: Micro-writing
1.appears 2.attacking 3.actually 4.whose 5.to leave 6.are fascinated 7.a 8.impression 9.its 10.At
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(3)①指控 ②收费 ③向……方向冲去 ④给……充电 (4)free of charge (5)be in charge of/take charge of
2.(3)smoking (4)to answer (5)Posting photos of others on social media without permission
3.(3)relatively (4)related the whole story to (5)related/relating to traditional culture
4.(2)was astonished at/by; astonishing news (3)was astonished to find (4)To the audience’s astonishment
(5)in astonishment
5. (2)distinguished (3) to distinguish anything (4)distinguish(between) right and wrong/distinguish right from wrong
6.(3)surroundings (4)surrounding (5)Surrounded with/by the cheerful atmosphere
句型透视
1.(3)which (4)whose (5)whom (6)during which a wide variety of our students’ artistic works were on display (7)with whom you can practise your spoken Chinese
2.(3)lies (4)Among those gifts/presents was a bookPeriod Three Developing ideas
Ⅰ.1.rays 2.stretched 3.residents 4.beneath
Ⅱ.1.to make 2.bleeding 3.astonished 4.gradually 5.injury 6.surrounding 7.depth 8.related 9.wrinkled
10.broaden 11.distinguished
Ⅲ.1.adapted from 2.account for 3.in charge of 4.left a deep impression on/upon 5.at a distance of 6.look back on/upon 7.in broad daylight 8.make sense
Ⅳ.1.While doing
2.his eyes shining/sparkling with joy
3.on which I was standing
4.Beneath this amazing sky is
Ⅴ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了风暴追逐者刘屹靖。为了拍摄高质量的风暴照片,他常常要赶几十公里的路,还经常会被冰雹和倾盆大雨袭击。后来,一位农民的话触动了他,促使他现在制作并发布短视频,解释风暴现象和可能的危险。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In 2018, when playing with an old camera at home, Liu accidentally took dozens of pictures of lightning. He posted them online and received many likes, arousing his great interest in shooting storms.”可知,他的照片受到欢迎促使他拍摄风暴。故选D。
2.B 段落大意题。根据文章第二段“But it’s never easy to shoot amazing pictures about ever-changing storms. Every time, Liu needs to find an area where storms could appear and then mark the best shooting positions, which often cover dozens of kilometres. Then, he’ll find a reliable driver and carry his photographic equipment and food to wait for the storm. For shooting high-quality storms, he always sticks with it to the end and often lands himself in danger of being attacked by hail (冰雹) and pouring rain.”可知,第二段主要介绍了刘屹靖在拍摄高质量的风暴照片方面的努力。故选B。
3.A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The farmer’s words hit him as hard as any thunderstorm. ‘I just wanted to shoot the storm, but I never thought that what I like is a disaster for others,’ Liu said. ‘I felt guilty and decided to do something to help more people learn about meteorology (气象学).’”和文章最后一段“Now Liu makes and posts short videos with explanations about the phenomena and the possible dangers of storms.”可知,农民的话让他选择传播知识。故选A。
4.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For example, to warn people of the danger of possible hail, he marked hail cores, which often show noticeable blue colours due to a large number of thick raindrops in the cloud, because water molecules absorb red light and scatter (散射) blue light.”可知,作者在最后一段提到冰雹核是为了说明刘屹靖是如何帮助人们了解风暴的。故选C。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的死亡谷,这里的气温非常高,甚至会威胁游客的生命安全,但还是吸引了很多人前来参观。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第一段“The park is known as the hottest place on Earth. This past weekend, the temperatures climbed to 53.33℃. Most visitors at this time of year make it only a short distance to any area in the park before returning to the cool air in their vehicles.”可知,在死亡谷国家公园游玩时,大部分游客都会及时给自己降温。故选A。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段“Early information from the park service shows that across the nation’s 424 national parks, at least four people have died this year from heat-related causes. That includes a 65-year-old man from San Diego who was found dead at Death Valley earlier this month.”可推知,作者提及这位65岁的老人是为了说明在死亡谷国家公园游玩是有危险的,故选D。
7.C 段落大意题。根据第五段“Death Valley is a narrow area that is below sea level and surrounded by high mountains, the park service’s website says. The dry air and small plant coverage let sunlight heat up the park surface. The heat then becomes trapped in the valley.”可知,本段主要讲的是死亡谷如此炽热的原因。故选C。
8.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Still, several areas in Death Valley continue to draw tourists. Badwater Basin, made up of salt flats, is considered the lowest point in all of North America. The 183-metre Ubehebe Crater dates back over 2,000 years. And Zabriskie Point is a great sunrise viewing spot.”以及最后一段“Josh Miller, a visitor from Indianapolis who has been to 20 national parks so far, shared that feeling. ‘It’s hot, but the scenery is awesome,’ he said.”可推断,死亡谷是一个值得参观的地方。故选B。Period Three Developing ideas
Task 1: Fast Reading
Task 2: Careful Reading
Choose the best answer according to the text.
( )1.Which of the following descriptions about Jules Verne is NOT true
A.He was a British writer known for his adventure stories.
B.He is often called the “Father of Science Fiction”.
C.He described in his stories technology and inventions.
D.He wrote many famous books, Journey to the Centre of the Earth included.
( )2.What do we know about the underwater conditions
A.The water looks like the Earth’s atmosphere.
B.The sand underwater is fine and flat, not wrinkled.
C.There is no vibration passing through the underwater liquid.
D.The dazzling carpet couldn’t drive away the rays of the sun.
( )3.What type of writing does this passage belong to
A.An exhibition guide. B.A show review.
C.Science fiction. D.An official report.
Task 3: Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
The novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is written by Jules Verne. The story goes like this: in 1866, a terrible sea creature 1. (appear). Pierre Aronnax and Conseil join a ship to find and kill the creature. Eventually, the creature is seen. While 2. (attack) from the ship, Ned Land, Aronnax and Conseil fall into the sea and discover the “creature” is 3. (actual) a submarine. The three men are captured and taken inside the submarine, 4. captain is Nemo. In order to keep the secret, Nemo doesn’t permit them 5. (leave) the submarine. While Ned Land can think only of escaping, Aronnax and Conseil 6. (fascinate) by their adventures in the new underwater world. In this part adapted from 7. chapter of the book, Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed…
How can I recall the 8. (impress) left upon me by that walk under the waters Words are not enough to describe the wonders! When walking, I no longer felt the weight of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet. The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean, astonished me by 9. (it) power. The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily. 10. the depth of thirty feet, I could see as if I was in broad daylight.
1.charge n. 主管,负责;收费;指控;突然猛冲,猛攻 v. 收费;控告;给……充电;猛攻,猛冲;向……方向冲去
(教材P75) They are captured and taken inside the submarine, where they meet the man in charge, Captain Nemo.
他们一行人被抓了起来, 并被带到潜水艇内部, 在那里他们遇到了负责人——尼摩船长。
(1)charge sb for sth 为某物向某人收费/要价
charge sb with sth/doing sth
指控/起诉/指责某人某事/做某事
(2)in charge (of…) 主管/负责(……)
in the charge of 由……负责/掌管
take charge of 主管;负责
free of charge 免费
【活学活用】
(1)The project is in the charge of the manager, but he often assigns tasks to those in charge of specific departments.
这个项目由经理负责,但他经常把任务分配给负责各个部门的人。
(2)As the eldest child, I had to take charge of looking after my younger brothers when my parents were away.
作为家中最大的孩子,当父母不在家时,我得负责照顾弟弟们。
(3)一词多义
①He was charged with murder, which surprised us all.
②The hotel charges thirty-five dollars a day for this room.
③The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges towards me.
④It’s not working. I don’t think the battery is charged.
(4)The museum is open to the public on Sundays.
博物馆在周日对公众免费开放。
(5)I will a theme class meeting, which is designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.
我将负责一个主题班会,旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
2.permit v. 允许,准许,许可 n. 许可证
(教材P75)In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.
为了保守这个秘密, 尼摩船长命令他的三个新乘客不得离开潜水艇。
(1)permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
(2)permission n. 允许
ask for permission 请求允许
without permission 未经允许
【活学活用】
(1)If you live in the area, you qualify for a parking permit.
你若在本地区居住, 就有权领取停车许可证。
(2)The security system will not permit you to enter without the correct password.
密码不正确的话, 安全系统是不会让你进入的。
(3)The park does not permit (smoke) in any of its areas.
(4)The present visitors are not permitted
(answer)the phone or make calls so as not to influence players’ performance.
(5) is a violation of their privacy.
未经许可,在社交媒体上发布他人的照片是对他们隐私的侵犯。
3.relate v. 相联系,有关联;讲述
(教材P75)Words are not enough to relate such wonders!
那种奇遇是语言无法描述的!
(1)relate sth to sb 向某人讲述某事
relate to 涉及,与……相关;谈到;能够理解并同情,了解
relate…to… 把……和……相联系
(2)related adj. 相关的;有联系的
be related to 和……有关联
(3)relation n. 关系,联系,交往;关联;亲
戚,亲属
relationship n. 关系,联系,关联
(4)relative adj. 相比较而言的,比较的
n. 亲戚
(5)relatively adv. 相当程度上;相当地;相对地
【活学活用】
(1)The topic you choose must relate to/be related to the courses you are learning.
你选的题目必须与你正在学习的课程有关。
(2)He related the facts of the case to journalists.
他向记者们讲述了这件事的实际情况。
(3)The car is (relative) fuel-efficient, making it a good choice for those who want to save on gas.
(4)He later me and I listened with great interest.
后来他把整个故事告诉了我, 我饶有兴趣地听着。
(5)The fair will focus on a variety of exhibitions , such as ancient poetry, costumes, calligraphy and paintings.
展会将集中在与传统文化有关的各种展览上,如古诗、服装、书法和绘画。
4.astonish v. 使吃惊,使惊讶
(教材P75)The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean, astonished me by its power. 光线照亮了海面以下30英尺处的土地, 这股力量使我震惊。
(1)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at/by sth 对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶
astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的
(2)astonishment n. 惊讶
in astonishment 吃惊地
to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
【活学活用】
(1)He stared at the stranger standing in front of him in astonishment.
他惊愕地盯着站在他面前的这个陌生人。
(2)She the that their team lost the match.
他们的队伍输掉了比赛, 她对这个惊人的消息感到吃惊。
(3)He that all his personal information had been exposed to the public.
他惊讶地发现他的个人信息全部被公之于众。
(4) , the magician made the elephant disappear right before their eyes.
令观众惊愕的是,魔术师在他们眼前让大象消失了。
(5)She looked at the letter , unable to believe what she was reading.
她惊愕地看着那封信,不敢相信自己所读的内容。
5.distinguish v. 看清;认出;区分,辨别,分清
(教材P75)The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily, and consumed all colour, and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
太阳光很容易就穿透了海水, 把所有的颜色都消除了, 我能清楚地分辨出相距一百五十码处的物体。
(1)distinguish (between) A and B/distinguish A from B 分清A 和B
(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的;杰出的;著名的;高贵的
【活学活用】
(1)The twins are so alike that almost no one can distinguish one from the other.
这对孪生儿长得很像, 几乎无人能分辨出谁是谁。
(2)His sudden decision to retire brought down the curtain on a (distinguish) career.
(3)The light was too dim for me clearly.
光线太暗, 我什么也看不清。
(4)Children should be taught to .
应该教孩子们明辨是非。
6.surround v. 围绕,环绕
(教材P76)Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere, but almost as clear. 真的, 环绕在我四周的水不过是另一种气体, 比地球的大气更稠密, 却几乎一样透明。
(1)surround…with… 用……把……围绕起来
be surrounded with/by 被……围绕
(2)surroundings n. 周围的事物,环境
(3)surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的
【活学活用】
(1)On the top of the mountain, the hikers were thrilled to be surrounded by breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.
在山顶上,徒步旅行者们被周围令人叹为观止的风景所包围,激动不已。
(2)The surroundings of the national park are rich in wildlife, attracting nature lovers from all over the world.
国家公园的周边地区拥有丰富的野生动物资源,吸引了来自世界各地的自然爱好者。
(3)We spent the afternoon relaxing in the beautiful (surround) of my parents’ home.
(4)A lot of the children at the school do not live in the town, but come in from the (surround) countryside.
(5) , I felt a flood of warmth of a big family. (分词短语作状语)
围绕在欢快的氛围中,我感受到了大家庭的温暖。
1.(教材P75)I no longer felt the weight of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet, inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell. 我再也感觉不到我的衣服、鞋子、氧气罐或厚重的头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去, 就像果仁在果壳里滚动一般。
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
句型公式
【归纳拓展】
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时, 关系代词的选择依据先行词:
若先行词是人, 就用“介词+whom”;
若先行词是物, 就用“介词+which”;
若关系词后面是一个名词, 且与先行词有从属关系, 则使用“介词+whose+名词”。
【活学活用】
(1)The school in which he once studied enjoys great fame in our hometown.
他曾经就读的那所学校在我们的家乡很有名。
(2)This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.
这就是昨天和我一起打网球的那个男孩。
(3)I will never forget the day on we studied together.
(4)Li Qingzhao is a poetess from poetry we can find easily that beauty is the soul of her poem creation.
(5)The person with he spoke was the manager.
(6)As scheduled, the exhibition was held on October
6 in our school lecture hall, .
展览如期于10月6日在我校报告厅举行,期间展出了我校学生的各种艺术作品。
(7)It is a good idea to make more Chinese friends in your daily life, .
在日常生活中结交更多的中国朋友是个好主意,你可以和他们一起练习汉语口语。
2.(教材P76)Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
我头顶上是平静的海面。
介词短语位于句首引起全部倒装
句型公式
【归纳拓展】
全部倒装一般分为两种情况:
(1)当副词 in, out, up, down, there, here, now, then, away, off等位于句首, 且主语是名词时, 要用全部倒装;
(2)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时, 要用全部倒装。
[温馨提示] 全部倒装句中谓语动词的单复数形式要由其后主语来决定。
【活学活用】
(1)Into the dark apartment walked David, who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy Birthday!”.
戴维走进了黑暗的房间, 当大家喊“生日快乐!”时, 他感到很惊讶。
(2)Along the banks of the river flowed a clear stream, its quiet waters bringing peace to the surrounding area.
河岸边流淌着一条清澈的溪流,平静的河水给周围地区带来了安宁。
(3)At the foot of the mountain (lie) a village, where people now still live a peaceful life.
(4) that his father gave him for his birthday. (倒装)
在那些礼物当中有一本书, 那是他爸爸送给他的生日礼物。Period Three Developing ideas
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The bright (光线,光束) of the sun surrounded the mountain peak, creating a fascinating sight for the hikers.
2.As we walked down the path, the vast cotton field (绵延) ahead of us, its white blossoms shining in the sunlight.
3.The (居民) of the community were instructed to follow the guidelines for waste disposal to ensure a clean and safe environment.
4.At that moment, they felt the earth shaking b their feet.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.In many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted (make) eye contact.
2.The doctor carefully applied a bandage to the deep cut, ensuring that it was tight enough to stop the (bleed).
3.The tourists were (astonish) by the beautiful sunset over the shore as they had never seen such a magnificent view before.
4.The intensity of the storm (gradual) increased, causing concern among the residents of the area.
5.To prevent soft tissue (injure), make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.
6.He was completely unaware of the (surround) danger as he walked alone in the dark forest.
7.Burns are divided into three types, depending on the (deep) of skin damage.
8.Her passion for music is (relate) to her early exposure to various instruments as a child.
9.Granny smiled like a child at the crowd , with her (wrinkle) face lighting up.
10.Reading is an effective way to (broad) our horizons.
11.In addition , it is worth mentioning that (distinguish) experts are invited to offer guidance on effective reading and satisfy students’ learning needs.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.Possibly the best proof of a successful adaptation is the James Bond series, the majority of which has been (改编自) the 007 novels of Ian Fleming.
2.Too much pressure may (是……的原因) your recent low efficiency in study.
3.My assistant will be (负责) the department in my absence.
4.What (给……留下深刻的印象) me during my trip to Beijing was the snow of the Forbidden City and its high-quality tour guide service.
5.Can you see the sculpture carved by an extraordinary sculptor clearly (在……的距离处) ten metres
6.It is time to (回顾) the past days and make plans to step forward.
7.To our astonishment , the car should be stolen (在大白天).
8.The content of this chapter is difficult to understand at first, but once you relate it to the previous chapters, it all starts to (有意义,讲得通).
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1. extensive reading, you don’t have to puzzle over every single word or phrase in the passage.(省略)
在进行泛读时,你不用仔细琢磨文中的每个单词或短语。
2.With a mixed feeling of thrill and gratitude surging through Sean, he nodded eagerly, . (独立主格结构)
肖恩心里既激动又感激,他急切地点点头,眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
3.The ladder was broken and I slipped onto the ground. (介词+关系代词)
我站的梯子坏了,我滑倒在地。
4. a sleeping village. (全部倒装)
在这片神奇的天空下是一个沉睡的村庄。
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
A [2024·江苏连云港七校高一期中]
Over the past two years, Liu Yijing, a storm chaser from Nanchang, has travelled nearly 27,000 kilometres to record storms in 11 provinces. When he was a kid, Liu liked to read popular science picture books and watch the weather forecast, becoming excited whenever he saw storms and other weather. In 2018, when playing with an old camera at home, Liu accidentally took dozens of pictures of lightning. He posted them online and received many likes, arousing his great interest in shooting storms.
But it’s never easy to shoot amazing pictures about ever-changing storms. Every time, Liu needs to find an area where storms could appear and then mark the best shooting positions, which often cover dozens of kilometres. Then, he’ll find a reliable driver and carry his photographic equipment and food to wait for the storm. For shooting high-quality storms, he always sticks with it to the end and often lands himself in danger of being attacked by hail (冰雹) and pouring rain.
However, one thing changed his mind. One day in August 2020, Liu was shooting a pink-purple thunderstorm when a farmer came over and cried, “You, as a photographer, should care about our crops, not the damaging storms.” The farmer’s words hit him as hard as any thunderstorm. “I just wanted to shoot the storm, but I never thought that what I like is a disaster for others,” Liu said. “I felt guilty and decided to do something to help more people learn about meteorology (气象学).”
Now Liu makes and posts short videos with explanations about the phenomena and the possible dangers of storms. For example, to warn people of the danger of possible hail, he marked hail cores, which often show noticeable blue colours due to a large number of thick raindrops in the cloud, because water molecules absorb red light and scatter (散射) blue light. “Putting knowledge into shocking and lively pictures and videos is a better way to pass the knowledge to more people,” said Liu. “That’s the significance and value of what I’m doing now.”
( )1.What caused Liu to shoot storms
A.Popular science picture books.
B.His interest in taking photos.
C.His love for the weather report.
D.The popularity of his pictures.
( )2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.Possible dangers of shooting storms.
B.Liu’s efforts in shooting high-quality storms.
C.Requirements for being a storm chaser.
D.Liu’s special skills in shooting amazing pictures.
( )3.How did the farmer’s words change Liu
A.He chose to spread knowledge.
B.He started to care about crops.
C.He changed his way of shooting.
D.He shot storms with guilt.
( )4.Why does the author mention hail cores in the last paragraph
A.To explain how dangerous hail is.
B.To give an example of a sign of a hailstorm.
C.To illustrate how Liu helps people understand storms.
D.To prove Liu has a profound knowledge of meteorology.
B [2024·河南驻马店高一月考]
While temperatures continue to climb, visitors are still coming to see Death Valley National Park on the California-Nevada border. The park is known as the hottest place on Earth. This past weekend, the temperatures climbed to 53.33℃. Most visitors at this time of year make it only a short distance to any area in the park before returning to the cool air in their vehicles.
Early information from the park service shows that across the nation’s 424 national parks, at least four people have died this year from heat-related causes. That includes a 65-year-old man from San Diego who was found dead at Death Valley earlier this month.
Death Valley National Park suggests visitors be careful and not have expectations of rescue. While park rangers (护林员) drive on park roads and can aid tourists in need, it is unsure that lost visitors will get help in time.
Physical activity can make the heat feel even worse and leave people exhausted. Alessia Dempster, who was visiting from Edinburgh, Scotland, said, “It’s very hot especially when there’s a gentle wind. You would think maybe that would give you some slight relief from the heat, but it just really does feel like an air blow dryer just going back in your face.”
Death Valley is a narrow area that is below sea level and surrounded by high mountains, the park service’s website says. The dry air and small plant coverage let sunlight heat up the park surface. The heat then becomes trapped in the valley.
Still, several areas in Death Valley continue to draw tourists. Badwater Basin, made up of salt flats, is considered the lowest point in all of North America. The 183-metre Ubehebe Crater dates back over 2,000 years. And Zabriskie Point is a great sunrise viewing spot.
Josh Miller, a visitor from Indianapolis who has been to 20 national parks so far, shared that feeling. “It’s hot, but the scenery is awesome,” he said.
( )5.What do most visitors do in Death Valley
A.Cool themselves in time.
B.Do lots of physical exercises.
C.Stay away from park rangers.
D.Carry dryers with themselves.
( )6.Why does the author mention the 65-year-old man in Paragraph 2
A.To encourage the elderly to travel more.
B.To express admiration for mountain climbers.
C.To advise people to tour Death Valley more often.
D.To show the danger of travelling in Death Valley.
( )7.What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about Death Valley
A.Its covering area.
B.Its attractive spots.
C.The reason why it is so hot.
D.The service of the park’s website.
( )8.What can be inferred about Death Valley from the last two paragraphs
A.It has a short history.
B.It is worth visiting.
C.It draws fewer and fewer tourists.
D.It is suitable for viewing sunset.(共75张PPT)
Period Three
Developing ideas
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
Task 1： Fast Reading
fall into the sea
permitted to leave
the walk under the waters
felt the weight of
lit the soil
drove away the rays of the sun
Task 2： Careful Reading
Choose the best answer according to the text.
( ) 1.Which of the following descriptions about Jules Verne
is NOT true
A.He was a British writer known for his adventure stories.
B.He is often called the “Father of Science Fiction”.
C.He described in his stories technology and inventions.
D.He wrote many famous books, Journey to the Centre of the
Earth included.
√
( ) 2.What do we know about the underwater conditions
A.The water looks like the Earth's atmosphere.
B.The sand underwater is fine and flat, not wrinkled.
C.There is no vibration passing through the underwater liquid.
D.The dazzling carpet couldn't drive away the rays of the sun.
( ) 3.What type of writing does this passage belong to
A.An exhibition guide. B.A show review.
C.Science fiction. D.An official report.
√
√
Task 3： Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
The novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is
written by Jules Verne. The story goes like this: in 1866, a
terrible sea creature 1._________ (appear). Pierre Aronnax and
Conseil join a ship to find and kill the creature. Eventually, the
creature is seen. While 2.__________ (attack) from the ship, Ned
Land, Aronnax and Conseil fall into the sea and discover the
“creature” is 3.________ (actual) a submarine.
appears
attacking
actually
The three men are captured and taken inside the submarine,
4._______ captain is Nemo. In order to keep the secret, Nemo
doesn't permit them 5._________ (leave) the submarine. While
Ned Land can think only of escaping, Aronnax and Conseil
6.______________ (fascinate) by their adventures in the new
underwater world. In this part adapted from 7.___ chapter of
the book, Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the
sea bed…
whose
to leave
are fascinated
a
How can I recall the 8.___________ (impress) left upon me
by that walk under the waters Words are not enough to
describe the wonders! When walking, I no longer felt the weight
of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick
helmet. The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface
of the ocean, astonished me by 9.____ (it) power. The solar rays
shone through the watery mass easily. 10.____ the depth of
thirty feet, I could see as if I was in broad daylight.
impression
its
At
1.charge n. 主管，负责；收费；指控；突然猛冲，猛攻 v. 收费；
控告；给……充电；猛攻，猛冲；向……方向冲去
(教材P75) They are captured and taken inside the submarine,
where they meet the man in charge, Captain Nemo.
他们一行人被抓了起来, 并被带到潜水艇内部, 在那里他们遇到了负
责人——尼摩船长。
(1)charge sb for sth 为某物向某人收费/要价
charge sb with sth/doing sth 指控/起诉/指责某人某事/做某事
(2)in charge (of…) 主管/负责(……)
in the charge of 由……负责/掌管
take charge of 主管;负责
free of charge 免费
【活学活用】
(1)The project is in the charge of the manager, but he often
assigns tasks to those in charge of specific departments.
这个项目由经理负责，但他经常把任务分配给负责各个部门的人。
(2)As the eldest child, I had to take charge of looking after my
younger brothers when my parents were away.
作为家中最大的孩子，当父母不在家时，我得负责照顾弟弟们。
(3)一词多义
①He was charged with murder, which surprised us all. ______
②The hotel charges thirty-five dollars a day for this room.
______
③The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and
charges towards me. _______________
④It's not working. I don't think the battery is charged.
____________
指控
收费
向……方向冲去
给……充电
(4)The museum is open to the public _______________ on
Sundays.
博物馆在周日对公众免费开放。
free of charge
(5)I will ______________________________ a theme class meeting,
which is designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to
foreigners.
我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
be in charge of/take charge of
2.permit v. 允许,准许,许可 n. 许可证
(教材P75)In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his
three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave
the submarine.
为了保守这个秘密, 尼摩船长命令他的三个新乘客不得离开潜水艇。
(1)permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
(2)permission n. 允许
ask for permission 请求允许
without permission 未经允许
【活学活用】
(1)If you live in the area, you qualify for a parking permit.
你若在本地区居住, 就有权领取停车许可证。
(2)The security system will not permit you to enter without the
correct password.
密码不正确的话, 安全系统是不会让你进入的。
(3)The park does not permit _________ (smoke) in any of its
areas.
(4)The present visitors are not permitted ___________(answer)the
phone or make calls so as not to influence players' performance.
smoking
to answer
(5)_________________________________________________________
is a violation of their privacy.
未经许可，在社交媒体上发布他人的照片是对他们隐私的侵犯。
Posting photos of others on social media without permission
3.relate v. 相联系,有关联;讲述
(教材P75)Words are not enough to relate such wonders!
那种奇遇是语言无法描述的!
(1)relate sth to sb 向某人讲述某事
relate to 涉及,与……相关;谈到;能够理解并同情,了解
relate…to… 把……和……相联系
(2)related adj. 相关的;有联系的
be related to 和……有关联
(3)relation n. 关系,联系,交往;关联;亲戚,亲属
relationship n. 关系,联系,关联
(4)relative adj. 相比较而言的,比较的
n. 亲戚
(5)relatively adv. 相当程度上;相当地;相对地
【活学活用】
(1)The topic you choose must relate to/be related to the
courses you are learning.
你选的题目必须与你正在学习的课程有关。
(2)He related the facts of the case to journalists.
他向记者们讲述了这件事的实际情况。
(3)The car is _________ (relative) fuel-efficient, making it a good
choice for those who want to save on gas.
relatively
(4)He later __________________________ me and I listened with
great interest.
后来他把整个故事告诉了我, 我饶有兴趣地听着。
related the whole story to
(5)The fair will focus on a variety of exhibitions _______________
___________________, such as ancient poetry, costumes,
calligraphy and paintings.
展会将集中在与传统文化有关的各种展览上，如古诗、服装、书法
和绘画。
related/relating to traditional culture
4.astonish v. 使吃惊,使惊讶
(教材P75)The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the
surface of the ocean, astonished me by its power.
光线照亮了海面以下30英尺处的土地, 这股力量使我震惊。
(1)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at/by sth 对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶
astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的
(2)astonishment n. 惊讶
in astonishment 吃惊地
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
【活学活用】
(1)He stared at the stranger standing in front of him in
astonishment.
他惊愕地盯着站在他面前的这个陌生人。
(2)She _____________________ the _________________ that their
team lost the match.
他们的队伍输掉了比赛, 她对这个惊人的消息感到吃惊。
was astonished at/by
astonishing news
(3)He ______________________ that all his personal information
had been exposed to the public.
他惊讶地发现他的个人信息全部被公之于众。
was astonished to find
(4)______________________________, the magician made the
elephant disappear right before their eyes.
令观众惊愕的是，魔术师在他们眼前让大象消失了。
To the audience's astonishment
(5)She looked at the letter ________________, unable to believe
what she was reading.
她惊愕地看着那封信，不敢相信自己所读的内容。
in astonishment
5.distinguish v. 看清；认出;区分,辨别,分清
(教材P75)The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily,
and consumed all colour, and I clearly distinguished objects at
a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
太阳光很容易就穿透了海水, 把所有的颜色都消除了, 我能清楚地分
辨出相距一百五十码处的物体。
(1)distinguish (between) A and B/distinguish A from B
分清A和B
(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；杰出的；著名的；高贵的
【活学活用】
(1)The twins are so alike that almost no one can distinguish
one from the other.
这对孪生儿长得很像, 几乎无人能分辨出谁是谁。
(2)His sudden decision to retire brought down the curtain on a
_____________ (distinguish) career.
distinguished
(3)The light was too dim for me ______________________ clearly.
光线太暗, 我什么也看不清。
to distinguish anything
(4)Children should be taught to _____________________________
_________________________________.
应该教孩子们明辨是非。
distinguish (between) right and wrong/distinguish right from wrong
6.surround v. 围绕,环绕
(教材P76)Truly this water which surrounded me was but another
air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere, but almost as clear.
真的, 环绕在我四周的水不过是另一种气体, 比地球的大气更稠密,
却几乎一样透明。
(1)surround…with… 用……把……围绕起来
be surrounded with/by 被……围绕
(2)surroundings n. 周围的事物,环境
(3)surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的
【活学活用】
(1)On the top of the mountain, the hikers were thrilled to be
surrounded by breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.
在山顶上，徒步旅行者们被周围令人叹为观止的风景所包围，激动
不已。
(2)The surroundings of the national park are rich in wildlife,
attracting nature lovers from all over the world.国家公园的周边地
区拥有丰富的野生动物资源，吸引了来自世界各地的自然爱好者。
(3)We spent the afternoon relaxing in the beautiful
_____________ (surround) of my parents' home.
surroundings
(4)A lot of the children at the school do not live in the town,
but come in from the ____________ (surround) countryside.
surrounding
(5)__________________________________________, I felt a flood
of warmth of a big family. (分词短语作状语)
围绕在欢快的氛围中，我感受到了大家庭的温暖。
Surrounded with/by the cheerful atmosphere
1.(教材P75)I no longer felt the weight of my clothes, or of
my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet, inside
which my head shook like a nut in its shell. 我再也感觉不到
我的衣服、鞋子、氧气罐或厚重的头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇
来晃去, 就像果仁在果壳里滚动一般。
句型公式
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
【归纳拓展】
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时, 关系代词的选择依据先行词:
若先行词是人, 就用“介词+whom”;
若先行词是物, 就用“介词+which”;
若关系词后面是一个名词, 且与先行词有从属关系, 则使用“介词
+whose+名词”。
【活学活用】
(1)The school in which he once studied enjoys great fame in
our hometown.
他曾经就读的那所学校在我们的家乡很有名。
(2)This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.
这就是昨天和我一起打网球的那个男孩。
(3)I will never forget the day on _______ we studied together.
(4)Li Qingzhao is a poetess from _______ poetry we can find
easily that beauty is the soul of her poem creation.
which
whose
(5)The person with _______ he spoke was the manager.
whom
(6)As scheduled, the exhibition was held on October 6 in our
school lecture hall, _________________________________________
____________________________________.
展览如期于10月6日在我校报告厅举行，期间展出了我校学生的各种
艺术作品。
during which a wide variety of our students' artistic works were on display
(7)It is a good idea to make more Chinese friends in your daily
life, _______________________________________________.
在日常生活中结交更多的中国朋友是个好主意，你可以和他们一起
练习汉语口语。
with whom you can practise your spoken Chinese
2.(教材P76)Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
我头顶上是平静的海面。
句型公式
介词短语位于句首引起全部倒装
【归纳拓展】
全部倒装一般分为两种情况:
(1)当副词 in, out, up, down, there, here, now, then, away, off等
位于句首, 且主语是名词时, 要用全部倒装;
(2)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时, 要用全部倒装。
［温馨提示］全部倒装句中谓语动词的单复数形式要由其后主语来
决定。
【活学活用】
(1)Into the dark apartment walked David, who was quite
surprised when everyone shouted “Happy Birthday!”.
戴维走进了黑暗的房间, 当大家喊“生日快乐!”时, 他感到很惊讶。
(2)Along the banks of the river flowed a clear stream, its
quiet waters bringing peace to the surrounding area.
河岸边流淌着一条清澈的溪流，平静的河水给周围地区带来了安宁。
(3)At the foot of the mountain ____(lie) a village, where people
now still live a peaceful life.
lies
(4)______________________________________ that his father gave
him for his birthday. (倒装)
在那些礼物当中有一本书, 那是他爸爸送给他的生日礼物。
Among those gifts/presents was a book
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The bright _____ (光线,光束) of the sun surrounded the
mountain peak, creating a fascinating sight for the hikers.
rays
2.As we walked down the path, the vast cotton field __________
(绵延) ahead of us, its white blossoms shining in the sunlight.
stretched
3.The _________ (居民) of the community were instructed to
follow the guidelines for waste disposal to ensure a clean and
safe environment.
residents
1
2
3
4
4.At that moment, they felt the earth shaking b________ their
feet.
eneath
1
2
3
4
Ⅱ 单句填空
1.In many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not
socially permitted _________ (make) eye contact.
to make
2.The doctor carefully applied a bandage to the deep cut,
ensuring that it was tight enough to stop the _________ (bleed).
bleeding
3.The tourists were ___________ (astonish) by the beautiful
sunset over the shore as they had never seen such a
magnificent view before.
astonished
4.The intensity of the storm __________ (gradual) increased,
causing concern among the residents of the area.
gradually
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
5.To prevent soft tissue ______ (injure), make sure that you
wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.
injury
6.He was completely unaware of the ____________ (surround)
danger as he walked alone in the dark forest.
surrounding
7.Burns are divided into three types, depending on the _______
(deep) of skin damage.
depth
8.Her passion for music is ________ (relate) to her early
exposure to various instruments as a child.
related
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
9.Granny smiled like a child at the crowd, with her _________
(wrinkle) face lighting up.
wrinkled
10.Reading is an effective way to _________ (broad) our
horizons.
broaden
11.In addition, it is worth mentioning that _____________
(distinguish) experts are invited to offer guidance on effective
reading and satisfy students' learning needs.
distinguished
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Ⅲ 短语填空
1.Possibly the best proof of a successful adaptation is the James
Bond series, the majority of which has been ______________
(改编自) the 007 novels of Ian Fleming.
adapted from
2.Too much pressure may ____________ (是……的原因) your
recent low efficiency in study.
account for
3.My assistant will be _____________ (负责) the department in
my absence.
in charge of
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4.What _______________________________ (给……留下深刻的印
象) me during my trip to Beijing was the snow of the
Forbidden City and its high-quality tour guide service.
left a deep impression on/upon
5.Can you see the sculpture carved by an extraordinary
sculptor clearly ________________ (在……的距离处) ten metres
at a distance of
6.It is time to ___________________ (回顾) the past days and
make plans to step forward.
look back on/upon
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
7.To our astonishment, the car should be stolen ______________
_______ (在大白天).
in broad daylight
8.The content of this chapter is difficult to understand at first,
but once you relate it to the previous chapters, it all starts to
____________ (有意义，讲得通).
make sense
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅳ 句型训练
1._____________ extensive reading, you don't have to puzzle
over every single word or phrase in the passage.(省略)
在进行泛读时,你不用仔细琢磨文中的每个单词或短语。
While doing
2.With a mixed feeling of thrill and gratitude surging through
Sean, he nodded eagerly, _________________________________.
(独立主格结构)
肖恩心里既激动又感激，他急切地点点头，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
his eyes shining/sparkling with joy
1
2
3
4
3.The ladder ________________________ was broken and I
slipped onto the ground. (介词+关系代词)
我站的梯子坏了,我滑倒在地。
on which I was standing
4.___________________________ a sleeping village. (全部倒装)
在这片神奇的天空下是一个沉睡的村庄。
Beneath this amazing sky is
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ 阅读理解
A[2024·江苏连云港七校高一期中]
Over the past two years, Liu Yijing, a storm chaser from
Nanchang, has travelled nearly 27,000 kilometres to record
storms in 11 provinces. When he was a kid, Liu liked to read
popular science picture books and watch the weather forecast,
becoming excited whenever he saw storms and other weather.
In 2018, when playing with an old camera at home, Liu
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
accidentally took dozens of pictures of lightning. He posted
them online and received many likes, arousing his great interest
in shooting storms.
But it's never easy to shoot amazing pictures about ever-
changing storms. Every time, Liu needs to find an area where
storms could appear and then mark the best shooting positions,
which often cover dozens of kilometres. Then, he'll find a
reliable driver and carry his photographic equipment and food
to wait for the storm. For shooting high-quality storms, he
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
always sticks with it to the end and often lands himself in
danger of being attacked by hail (冰雹) and pouring rain.
However, one thing changed his mind. One day in August
2020, Liu was shooting a pink-purple thunderstorm when a
farmer came over and cried, “You, as a photographer, should
care about our crops, not the damaging storms.” The farmer's
words hit him as hard as any thunderstorm. “I just wanted to
shoot the storm, but I never thought that what I like is a
disaster for others,” Liu said. “I felt guilty and decided to do
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
something to help more people learn about meteorology
(气象学).”
Now Liu makes and posts short videos with explanations
about the phenomena and the possible dangers of storms. For
example, to warn people of the danger of possible hail, he
marked hail cores, which often show noticeable blue colours due
to a large number of thick raindrops in the cloud, because
water molecules absorb red light and scatter (散射) blue light.
“Putting knowledge into shocking and lively pictures and videos
is a better way to pass the knowledge to more people,” said
Liu. “That's the significance and value of what I'm doing now.”
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了风暴追逐者刘屹
靖。为了拍摄高质量的风暴照片，他常常要赶几十公里的路，还经
常会被冰雹和倾盆大雨袭击。后来，一位农民的话触动了他，促使
他现在制作并发布短视频，解释风暴现象和可能的危险。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( ) 1.What caused Liu to shoot storms
A.Popular science picture books.
B.His interest in taking photos.
C.His love for the weather report.
D.The popularity of his pictures.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In 2018, when playing with
an old camera at home, Liu accidentally took dozens of pictures
of lightning. He posted them online and received many likes,
arousing his great interest in shooting storms.”可知，他的照片受
到欢迎促使他拍摄风暴。故选D。
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( ) 2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.Possible dangers of shooting storms.
B.Liu's efforts in shooting high-quality storms.
C.Requirements for being a storm chaser.
D.Liu's special skills in shooting amazing pictures.
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[解析] 段落大意题。根据文章第二段“But it's never easy to shoot
amazing pictures about ever-changing storms. Every time, Liu
needs to find an area where storms could appear and then
mark the best shooting positions, which often cover dozens of
kilometres. Then, he'll find a reliable driver and carry his
photographic equipment and food to wait for the storm. For
shooting high-quality storms, he always sticks with it to the end
and often lands himself in danger of being attacked by hail
(冰雹) and pouring rain.”可知，第二段主要介绍了刘屹靖在拍摄高
质量的风暴照片方面的努力。故选B。
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( ) 3.How did the farmer's words change Liu
A.He chose to spread knowledge.
B.He started to care about crops.
C.He changed his way of shooting.
D.He shot storms with guilt.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The farmer's words hit him
as hard as any thunderstorm. ‘I just wanted to shoot the storm,
but I never thought that what I like is a disaster for others,’ Liu
said. ‘I felt guilty and decided to do something to help more
people learn about meteorology (气象学).’”和文章最后一段“Now
Liu makes and posts short videos with explanations about the
phenomena and the possible dangers of storms.”可知，农民的话
让他选择传播知识。故选A。
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( ) 4.Why does the author mention hail cores in the last
paragraph
A.To explain how dangerous hail is.
B.To give an example of a sign of a hailstorm.
C.To illustrate how Liu helps people understand storms.
D.To prove Liu has a profound knowledge of meteorology.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For example, to warn
people of the danger of possible hail, he marked hail cores,
which often show noticeable blue colours due to a large
number of thick raindrops in the cloud, because water molecules
absorb red light and scatter (散射) blue light.”可知，作者在最后
一段提到冰雹核是为了说明刘屹靖是如何帮助人们了解风暴的。故
选C。
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B[2024·河南驻马店高一月考]
While temperatures continue to climb, visitors are still
coming to see Death Valley National Park on the California-
Nevada border. The park is known as the hottest place on Earth.
This past weekend, the temperatures climbed to 53.33 . Most
visitors at this time of year make it only a short distance to any
area in the park before returning to the cool air in their
vehicles.
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Early information from the park service shows that across
the nation's 424 national parks, at least four people have died
this year from heat-related causes. That includes a 65-year-old
man from San Diego who was found dead at Death Valley
earlier this month.
Death Valley National Park suggests visitors be careful and
not have expectations of rescue. While park rangers (护林员)
drive on park roads and can aid tourists in need, it is unsure
that lost visitors will get help in time.
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Physical activity can make the heat feel even worse and
leave people exhausted. Alessia Dempster, who was visiting from
Edinburgh, Scotland, said, “It's very hot especially when there's a
gentle wind. You would think maybe that would give you some
slight relief from the heat, but it just really does feel like an air
blow dryer just going back in your face.”
Death Valley is a narrow area that is below sea level and
surrounded by high mountains, the park service's website says.
The dry air and small plant coverage let sunlight heat up the
park surface. The heat then becomes trapped in the valley.
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Still, several areas in Death Valley continue to draw tourists.
Badwater Basin, made up of salt flats, is considered the lowest
point in all of North America. The 183-metre Ubehebe Crater
dates back over 2,000 years. And Zabriskie Point is a great
sunrise viewing spot.
Josh Miller, a visitor from Indianapolis who has been to 20
national parks so far, shared that feeling. “It's hot, but the
scenery is awesome,” he said.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的死亡谷，
这里的气温非常高，甚至会威胁游客的生命安全，但还是吸引了很
多人前来参观。
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( ) 5.What do most visitors do in Death Valley
A.Cool themselves in time.
B.Do lots of physical exercises.
C.Stay away from park rangers.
D.Carry dryers with themselves.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“The park is known as the hottest
place on Earth. This past weekend, the temperatures climbed to
53.33 . Most visitors at this time of year make it only a short
distance to any area in the park before returning to the cool air
in their vehicles.”可知，在死亡谷国家公园游玩时，大部分游客都会
及时给自己降温。故选A。
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( ) 6.Why does the author mention the 65-year-old man in
Paragraph 2
A.To encourage the elderly to travel more.
B.To express admiration for mountain climbers.
C.To advise people to tour Death Valley more often.
D.To show the danger of travelling in Death Valley.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段“Early information from the park
service shows that across the nation's 424 national parks, at
least four people have died this year from heat-related causes.
That includes a 65-year-old man from San Diego who was
found dead at Death Valley earlier this month.”可推知，作者提及
这位65岁的老人是为了说明在死亡谷国家公园游玩是有危险的，故
选D。
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( ) 7.What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about Death
Valley
A.Its covering area.
B.Its attractive spots.
C.The reason why it is so hot.
D.The service of the park's website.
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[解析] 段落大意题。根据第五段“Death Valley is a narrow area
that is below sea level and surrounded by high mountains, the
park service's website says. The dry air and small plant coverage
let sunlight heat up the park surface. The heat then becomes
trapped in the valley.”可知，本段主要讲的是死亡谷如此炽热的原
因。故选C。
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( ) 8.What can be inferred about Death Valley from the last
two paragraphs
A.It has a short history.
B.It is worth visiting.
C.It draws fewer and fewer tourists.
D.It is suitable for viewing sunset.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Still, several areas in Death
Valley continue to draw tourists. Badwater Basin, made up of
salt flats, is considered the lowest point in all of North America.
The 183-metre Ubehebe Crater dates back over 2,000 years.
And Zabriskie Point is a great sunrise viewing spot.”以及最后一
段“Josh Miller, a visitor from Indianapolis who has been to 20
national parks so far, shared that feeling. ‘It's hot, but the
scenery is awesome,’ he said.”可推断，死亡谷是一个值得参观的地
方。故选B。
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