Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
【课前自主探究】
Task 1: Fast Reading
1.reaching 30 plus degrees 2.like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting 3.a bit scared 4.start planning for the future 5.climate change 6.he has been worrying too much
Task 2: Careful Reading
1—4 DDCD
Task 3: Micro-writing
1.to reach 2.jumping 3.compared 4.hotter
5.third 6.importantly 7.are flooded 8.which/that 9.it 10.After
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(3)①make out ②made up ③make up for ④make it
⑤make sense ⑥made it to (4)make it to the top (5)made her way to/towards the familiar coffee shop
2.(3)occurred (4)occurrence (5)occurred to/struck/hit her或came/sprang to/into mind (6)It has never occurred to/struck/hit me that
3.(2)announcer; announcement; be announced (3)have an announcement to make to you (4)It is announced that
4.(3)①all in all ②after all ③above all ④In all ⑤not at all
句型透视
(4)causing (5)to find (6)Thinking he would let her younger sister down (7)wondering what to buy (8)Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hoursUnit 6 Disaster and hope
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.1.tube 2.typical 3.plus 4.disaster
Ⅱ.1.immediately 2.announcement 3.eruption
4.occurred 5.shocked 6.Standing
Ⅲ.1.After all 2.Now that 3.made it to 4.pick up
5.With a heavy heart 6.Look through 7.compared to/with
8.stepped out of
Ⅳ.1.Travelling along the old Silk Road
2.It suddenly occurred to me
3.It’s typical of
4.Nervously faced with/facing challenges
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在地震预测领域的新进展,通过详细解释人工智能算法的工作原理、训练过程以及其在地震预测中的准确性和潜在应用,向读者普及了相关的科学知识。
1.D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知,地震预测技术有发展前景;再根据文章第三段内容可知,这种地震预测技术是一个里程碑的进展,并且能够显著减少经济和人员伤亡的损失,具有巨大的潜力来改进全球的地震准备。由此推知,这种技术可以被认为是具有突破性和有前景的。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知,人工智能经过训练后通过在地球的背景隆隆声中听即将发生地震的迹象来进行预测。故选B。
3.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知,Alexandros Savvaidis在第三段中解释了地震预测的重要性,并强调了人工智能预测系统的70%准确率是一个巨大的结果,可以帮助减少经济损失和人员伤亡,并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备。由此推知,Alexandros Savvaidis意在展示开发人工智能预测系统的重要性。故选C。
4.A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知,他们计划在不同地点进行测试以验证该方法的适用性。由此推知,接下来的研究的重点是在不同地点进行测试。故选A。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在洪水来临时人们应该如何自救。
1.D 根据后文的“This is the first thing that a person should do.”可知,D项(注意你所在的地区是否有发生洪水的危险。)与下文连接通顺,this指代的是D项提到的“注意发生洪水的风险”。故选D项。
2.F 根据前文的“Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house.”可知,F项(这将有助于为紧急情况储存食物。)承接上文,指出了准备好应急食物包可以应对突发的自然灾害。故选F项。
3.G 根据前文的“Evacuation may also cause a shortage in the food supply.”和下文的“To survive, one must depend on food storage.”可知,G项(在这些情况下,饥饿成为一个非常现实的问题。)与上文为因果关系,说明了疏散带来的食物不足会导致饥饿的发生,下文针对“饥饿”提出了储存食物的解决方案。故选G项。
4.C 根据前文的“Even six inches of moving water can make you fall. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving.”可知,C项(用一根棍子检查你前面的地面。)承接上文,进一步指出如何在水中安全地前进。故选C项。
5.B 根据前文的“Do not drive into flooded areas. If floodwaters rise around your car, abandon (舍弃) the car and move to higher ground, when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep.”和后文的“If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising inside the car, move on to the roof.”可知,B项(你和车很快就会被冲走。)承接上文,说明车在进入水淹区后,如果不能及时撤离会出现连人带车被冲走的情况,下文举例说明在水流很急的情况下,被困的人应该怎么办。故选B项。
Ⅶ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着全球变暖、海平面上升和自然灾害的影响比以前更加严重,一些地方社区正在采取行动。
1.more serious 考查形容词比较级。由空后than before可知,空处应用形容词比较级more serious作系动词become的表语,表示“更严重的”。故填more serious。
2.where 考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为community,空处需要用关系副词,在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
3.effective 考查形容词。修饰名词ways,作定语,需用形容词effective,表示“有效的”。故填effective。
4.to ban 考查不定式。persuade sb to do sth为固定结构,表示“说服某人做某事”。故填to ban。
5.building 考查动名词。recommend doing sth为固定结构,表示“建议做某事”。故填building。
6.gradually 考查副词。此处需用副词gradually作状语,表示“逐渐地”。故填gradually。
7.whether/if 考查宾语从句。doubt后接的是一个宾语从句,空处在从句中不作任何成分;根据句意可知,空处需有“是否”之意,所以应填连接词whether或if。故填whether/if。
8.locations 考查名词复数。空处由these修饰,应填可数名词复数形式locations。故填locations。
9.up 考查固定搭配。come up with为固定搭配,表示“想出”。故填up。
10.is 考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语at present可知,句子应用一般现在时。分析句子结构可知,空处为谓语动词,动名词作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。Unit 6 Disaster and hope
We can’t stop an earthquake from happening, but we can reduce the damage it brings to us. Do you know what to do during a really big earthquake Experts have looked into the matter carefully. It may be worth your while to look over the five tips they have for us.
Protect yourself first. Once an earthquake happens, protect yourself first. If you can’t easily escape by getting out of the door or window, stay in a corner and cover your head and neck with your arms. And the most important thing is to protect yourself from falling objects.
When the shaking stops, try to find a way out through a door or window. Also, to help others, use something to make sure a door or window remains open so they can also escape.
Panic can hurt you. If you are at home when an earthquake happens, don’t rush out in a panic. If there is enough time to escape, you must place something such as pillows or bags on your head, because some roof tiles (瓦), broken glass and signs may fall down.
Make sure the electricity and gas are off before evacuation. According to some research, lots of people die from fire disasters after an earthquake. What’s more, fire makes rescue more difficult.
Work together on rescue and first aid. Work with your neighbours to free victims who are under debris (碎片) or fallen furniture and to give first aid. Be very careful if you use the stairs, because they might have been damaged by the earthquake.
Though it’s not very often that we experience a strong earthquake, we should keep it in mind—always hope for the best but prepare for the worst.
【主题词句背诵】
1.damage n. 损坏,破坏,损失
2.look into调查,研究
3.escape v. 逃跑,逃脱
4.panic n. 惊恐,恐慌
5.fall down 掉下,倒塌
6.rescue n. 救援
7.victim n. 受害者;罹难者
8.We can’t stop an earthquake from happening, but we can reduce the damage it brings to us.
我们不能阻止地震发生, 但我们可以减少它给我们带来的损失。
9.Once an earthquake happens, protect yourself first.
一旦发生地震, 首先要保护自己。
10.Though it’s not very often that we experience a strong earthquake, we should keep it in mind—always hope for the best but prepare for the worst.
虽然我们并不经常经历强烈的地震, 但我们应该牢记:总是抱着最大的希望, 但要为最坏的情况做好准备。
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
Task 1: Fast Reading
Task 2: Careful Reading
Choose the best answer according to the text.
( )1.What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage
A.To complain about the London Tube.
B.To warn people about the danger of London being flooded.
C.To explain why the summer in London is getting hotter and hotter.
D.To express his worries about the dangers of extreme weather conditions.
( )2.What can we know from the passage
A.The average high temperature of London in July is usually about 30 degrees.
B.With air conditioning, the temperature inside the train is not so high.
C.The author’s office is located in an area with a low risk of flooding, so it’s unlikely to get flooded.
D.The hot weather makes the author think of selling his flat to buy a boat.
( )3.According to the passage, which kind of natural disaster is mentioned in the newspaper
A.A typhoon in America that has destroyed a town.
B.The heat across South America that has caused forest fires.
C.Heavy rain in Eastern Europe that has caused landslides.
D.An earthquake in Asia that has caused many deaths and injuries.
( )4.How does the author feel after walking out of the station
A.A bit sick. B.Nervous.
C.Shocked. D.Refreshed.
Task 3: Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Today, the temperature in London is expected 1. (reach) 30 plus degrees! Sure enough, going down the stairs and onto the platform is like 2. (jump) into a volcano that’s erupting. This, however, is nothing 3. (compare) to the train. I’m sure the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one!
Each summer in London definitely seems 4. (hot) than the last. I suddenly feel a bit scared. My office is quite low—only on the 5. (three) floor of the building, so I’ll speak with my manager about moving to the top floor. Most 6. (important), I will need to learn to swim! Then I’ll be able to survive even when the tall buildings 7. (flood).
Looking through my newspaper, I’m shocked by photos 8. show a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town. Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change. Now that 9. is hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space…
Bank is my destination. Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart, I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face. Well, maybe I have been worrying too much. 10. all, it’s only 30 degrees outside!
1.make it to (尤指在困难情况下)准时到达, 赶上
(教材P83)…I hope I can make it to Bank station… ……我希望我能准时赶到银行站……
(1)make it 获得成功;准时到达,赶上
(2)make up 编造;组成;补足;和好
make up for 弥补,补偿
make out 辨认清楚;理解
make one’s way (to/towards sth)
去,前往
make sense 讲得通,有道理,有意义
make sense of 理解;弄清楚
【活学活用】
(1)Early on the player was injured, so he couldn’t make it to the end of the match.
早些时候那个运动员受伤了, 所以他没能坚持到比赛结束。
(2)After saying goodbye to his parents, he made his way to the door firmly.
向父母道别后, 他坚定地向门口走去。
(3)用make相关短语的适当形式填空
①I can’t what that sign says; it’s still too far away.
②The news report was completely ; there was no actual evidence to support it.
③Hard work can often a lack of intelligence.
④I never thought Clare would as an actress.
⑤Can you explain this concept to me It doesn’t to me right now.
⑥Sarah the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
(4)We live in a world in which only the strongest can .
在我们生活的世界里,只有最强者才能登上顶峰。
(5)She grabbed her keys, rushed out of the door, and .
她抓起钥匙,冲出家门,前往那家熟悉的咖啡店。
2.occur v. 发生;出现;(想法、念头等)被想到
(教材P84)Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家说这种恶劣天气的出现是由气候变化造成的。
(1)sth occurs to sb 某人想到某事
It occurs to sb that… 某人想到……
(2)occurrence n. 发生;发生的事情;出现
[温馨提示] occur没有被动语态, 不可以用于进行时。表示“某人突然想到……”的句式还有:
①It strikes/hits sb that…
②sth comes/springs to/into mind
③sb hits on/upon sth
【活学活用】
(1)Miracles sometimes occur, but one has to work terribly hard for them.
奇迹有时候是会发生的,但是你得为之拼命努力。
(2)It immediately occurred to/struck/hit her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
她立刻想到, 这些是海啸即将来临的迹象。
(3)We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that (occur) billions of years ago.
(4)It’s still not possible to accurately predict the (occur) of earthquakes.
(5)She was thinking how to apologize to her parents when a good idea .
她正在考虑如何向父母道歉, 这时她想到了一个好主意。
(6) learning a new language could be so much fun.
我从未想到学习一门新语言会如此有趣。
3.announcement n. 通告,公告
(教材P84)“The next station is Bank!” comes the announcement.
“下一站, 银行站!”报站声响起。
(1)make an announcement 宣布
(2)announce sth to sb 向某人宣告某事
It is announced that… 据宣布……
(3)announcer n. 播音员, 广播员
[温馨提示] announce后不能跟双宾语, 即不能用 announce sb sth, 而要用 announce sth to sb。后面不能接双宾语的动词还有 suggest, explain, report, express等。
【活学活用】
(1)The teacher made an announcement/announced that the sports meet would be held next Tuesday.
老师宣布,下周二将举行运动会。
(2)The made an
that all the details should through the broadcast. (announce)
(3)May I have your attention, please I .
请大家注意,我有一件事要向你们宣布。
(4) the winner of the award will be revealed at the ceremony next week.
据宣布,该奖项的获奖者将在下周的典礼上被揭晓。
4.after all 终究,归根结底;毕竟,别忘了
(教材P84)After all, it’s only 30 degrees outside!毕竟, 外面只有30度!
all in all 总的说来
in all 一共,总计
above all 首先;尤其是;最重要的是
not at all 一点儿也不;不用谢
[温馨提示] after all表示“终究, 归根结底”时, 表示结果与预想的不同, 多置于句尾; 表示“毕竟, 别忘了”时引出原因, 多置于句首。
【活学活用】
(1)After all, it’s only a small mistake; there’s no need to be so upset about it.
毕竟,这只是一个小错误,没必要这么沮丧。
(2)She was upset about the news, but she managed to stay calm after all.
她对那个消息很沮丧,但终究她还是设法保持了冷静。
(3)用all相关短语的适当形式填空
①The party was a bit noisy, but , it was a fun evening.
②He put up a tough fight, but he lost the match .
③He is strong, brave, and , honest.
④ , there were 51 candidates for the job.
⑤—Do you mind if I stay a little longer
—No, .
(教材P82)Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station,I see the title “Hot!Hot!Hot!”. 在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸, 我看到标题写着“热!热!热!”。
现在分词作状语
句型公式
【归纳拓展】
形式 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
句法功能 (1)现在分词在句中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式或伴随,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致; (2)从分词的时间意义上看,现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生; (3)从语态意义上看,现在分词的主动语态表示主动的动作,它所修饰的人或物是分词动作的执行者,其否定形式是在前面加not。
[温馨提示] 现在分词作结果状语时, 一般表示“顺理成章”的结果; 动词不定式作结果状语时, 则表示“意料之外或不愉快”的结果。
【活学活用】
(1)Hearing the exciting news, he jumped with great joy.
听到这个令人兴奋的消息, 他高兴得跳了起来。
(2)Having seen the movie three times, I appreciate it even more each time.
这部电影我看了三遍,每次我都更加欣赏它。
(3)Families and friends often gather around a big hot pot, eating and chatting cheerfully.
家人和朋友经常围坐在一个大火锅旁,愉快地边吃边聊。
(4)Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus (cause) the delay.
(5)Tom got to the station only (find) the train had gone.
(6) , Ali couldn’t help sobbing.
想到他会让她妹妹失望,阿里忍不住抽泣起来。
(7)For a few moments I just stood there with that ten-dollar bill, .
有那么一会儿,我拿着那张十美元的钞票站在那里,不知道该买什么。
(8) , she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.
在街上漫无目的地闲逛了几个小时,她感觉有点饿了,想要吃点东西。Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test (管子)spilling everywhere!
2.Lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits is a (典型的) Chinese Spring Festival custom.
3.The total cost of the tsunami warning system is estimated to be ￡30 million p .
4.An earthquake is a kind of natural d , which often results in many people being injured or killed.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.Upon arriving at the scene of the accident, the police officer (immediate) took charge of directing traffic and ensuring everyone’s safety.
2.The headmaster made an (announce) to the entire school, outlining guidelines for the new term.
3.The worst volcanic (erupt) in human history was probably Mt Tambora in 1815, in Indonesia.
4.Professor Jim Smith conducted a study to compare the bird flu epidemic which (occur) in 1997 with other deadly epidemics in our history.
5.In 2013, a lot of people were (shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway’s Arctic islands of Svalbard.
6. (stand) in the distance, we can hear the waterfall pouring down from the top of the mountain.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.Don’t blame him all the time. (毕竟), he is unaware of what was really going on at that time.
2. (既然) I understand how important my mother’s work is, I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.
3.After years of practising seal cutting , he finally (成功到达) the national competition and showed his exceptional talent.
4.The cyclist bent forward to (拾起,捡起) his helmet lying on the floor.
5. (怀着沉重的心情), Tom watched the ship sail away from the shore , knowing he wouldn’t see his loved ones for a long time.
6. (浏览) news every day and you can keep up with the rapidly developing situation.
7.Acupuncture is much greener and simpler (与……相比) Western medicine as it uses no drugs.
8.Jaden (走出) his car and approached the driver, saying “What’s up, sir ”
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1. is an interesting and rewarding experience.
沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣且有益的经历。
2. that we could find a temporary shelter to stay in.(it作形式主语)
我突然想到我们可以找一个临时的避难处逗留。
3. Simon to make such a mess. (it作形式主语)
西蒙总是把事情搞得一团糟。
4. , I know I will whisper to myself, “Be yourself.”(分词作状语)
紧张地面对挑战,我知道我会悄悄对自己说:“做你自己。”
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
[2024·浙江衢温“5+1”联盟高一期中]
Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a test in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes.
The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth.
This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earthquakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network(TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help decrease economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.”
While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau of TexNet has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes.
Finally, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way to go, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director.
( )1.Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology
A.Reliable but outdated.
B.Effective but costly.
C.Potential and economical.
D.Groundbreaking and promising.
( )2.How does the AI forecast earthquakes
A.By identifying data from the satellites.
B.By analysing background sounds in the Earth.
C.By modeling data based on earthquake recordings.
D.By monitoring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.
( )3.What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in Paragraph 3
A.The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes.
B.The importance of preparing for earthquakes.
C.The significance of developing the AI prediction.
D.The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction.
( )4.What does the following research focus on
A.Conducting tests in different locations.
B.Applying the AI approach to other fields.
C.Building more earthquake stations in Texas.
D.Enlarging the database to train the accuracy.
●Ⅵ 阅读七选五
[2024·福建三明高一月考]
A flood can develop slowly, over time or rapidly, as in the case of flash floods which can develop in just a few minutes and without signs of rain.
1. This is the first thing that a person should do. It is unwise to just depend on history to decide whether your area is at risk of flooding.
Create an evacuation plan in case you have to evacuate your home. Pay attention to the safe areas you can go to. Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house. 2.
If there is a possibility of a flash flood, leave your home and move to higher ground at once. Do not wait for instructions to move. Evacuation may also cause a shortage in the food supply. 3. To survive, one must depend on food storage.
While evacuating, avoid walking through moving water. Even six inches of moving water can make you fall. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. 4.
Do not drive into flooded areas. If floodwaters rise around your car, abandon (舍弃) the car and move to higher ground, when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep. 5. If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising inside the car, move on to the roof.
A.They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.It would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.During these conditions, hunger becomes a very real problem.
●Ⅶ 语法填空
[2024·江苏无锡太湖高级中学高一月考]
As the effects of global warming, rising sea level and natural disasters become 1. (serious) than before, some local communities are taking action. Among them is one community in Florida 2. local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting coastal cities from the dangers of rising sea level.
The community has studied how much sea level will rise and has suggested addressing the problem in some 3. (effect) ways. It has persuaded the state government 4. (ban) new developments on land near the coastline and recommended 5. (build) sand dunes (沙丘) along beaches.Kristin Jacobs, one of the group’s founders, decided to take immediate action in 2008 after it became 6. (gradual) clear that her state’s 27 water authorities couldn’t agree on joint action.
While some Florida government officials doubt 7. the climate will become hotter or colder, the people living in these 8. (location) are certain of the need to protect their communities.
At present, coming 9. with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a limited budget 10. (be) a pressing concern.Believe it or not, only time will tell whether these communities will succeed in the end. (共75张PPT)
Period One
Starting out & Understanding
ideas
We can't stop an earthquake from happening， but we
can reduce the damage it brings to us. Do you know what to
do during a really big earthquake Experts have looked into
the matter carefully. It may be worth your while to look over
the five tips they have for us.
Protect yourself first. Once an earthquake happens，
protect yourself first. If you can't easily escape by getting out
of the door or window, stay in a corner and cover your head
and neck with your arms. And the most important thing is to
protect yourself from falling objects.
When the shaking stops, try to find a way out through a
door or window. Also, to help others, use something to make
sure a door or window remains open so they can also escape.
Panic can hurt you. If you are at home when an
earthquake happens, don't rush out in a panic. If there is
enough time to escape, you must place something such as
pillows or bags on your head, because some roof tiles (瓦),
broken glass and signs may fall down.
Make sure the electricity and gas are off before evacuation.
According to some research, lots of people die from fire
disasters after an earthquake. What's more, fire makes rescue
more difficult.
Work together on rescue and first aid. Work with your
neighbours to free victims who are under debris (碎片) or fallen
furniture and to give first aid. Be very careful if you use the
stairs, because they might have been damaged by the
earthquake.
Though it's not very often that we experience a strong
earthquake， we should keep it in mind—always hope for
the best but prepare for the worst.
【主题词句背诵】
1.damage n. 损坏,破坏,损失
2.look into调查,研究
3.escape v. 逃跑,逃脱
4.panic n. 惊恐,恐慌
5.fall down 掉下,倒塌
6.rescue n. 救援
7.victim n. 受害者;罹难者
8.We can't stop an earthquake from happening, but we can
reduce the damage it brings to us.
我们不能阻止地震发生, 但我们可以减少它给我们带来的损失。
9.Once an earthquake happens, protect yourself first.
一旦发生地震, 首先要保护自己。
10.Though it's not very often that we experience a strong
earthquake, we should keep it in mind—always hope for the
best but prepare for the worst.
虽然我们并不经常经历强烈的地震, 但我们应该牢记:总是抱着最大
的希望, 但要为最坏的情况做好准备。
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
Task 1： Fast Reading
reaching 30 plus degrees
like jumping into a volcano that's erupting
a bit scared
start planning for the future
climate change
he has been worrying too much
Task 2： Careful Reading
Choose the best answer according to the text.
( ) 1.What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A.To complain about the London Tube.
B.To warn people about the danger of London being flooded.
C.To explain why the summer in London is getting hotter and
hotter.
D.To express his worries about the dangers of extreme weather
conditions.
√
( ) 2.What can we know from the passage
A.The average high temperature of London in July is usually
about 30 degrees.
B.With air conditioning, the temperature inside the train is not
so high.
C.The author's office is located in an area with a low risk of
flooding, so it's unlikely to get flooded.
D.The hot weather makes the author think of selling his flat to
buy a boat.
√
( ) 3.According to the passage, which kind of natural
disaster is mentioned in the newspaper
A.A typhoon in America that has destroyed a town.
B.The heat across South America that has caused forest fires.
C.Heavy rain in Eastern Europe that has caused landslides.
D.An earthquake in Asia that has caused many deaths and
injuries.
( ) 4.How does the author feel after walking out of the
station
A.A bit sick. B.Nervous. C.Shocked. D.Refreshed.
√
√
Task 3： Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Today, the temperature in London is expected 1._________
(reach) 30 plus degrees! Sure enough, going down the stairs
and onto the platform is like 2._________ (jump) into a volcano
that's erupting. This, however, is nothing 3.__________ (compare)
to the train. I'm sure the passenger next to me and I are
melting and becoming one!
to reach
jumping
compared
Each summer in London definitely seems 4._______ (hot)
than the last. I suddenly feel a bit scared. My office is quite
low—only on the 5.______ (three) floor of the building, so I'll
speak with my manager about moving to the top floor. Most
6.____________ (important), I will need to learn to swim! Then
I'll be able to survive even when the tall buildings 7.__________
_______ (flood).
hotter
third
importantly
are flooded
Looking through my newspaper, I'm shocked by photos
8.___________ show a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town.
Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate
change. Now that 9.___ is hard to avoid a disaster on Earth,
perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space…
Bank is my destination. Stepping out of the station with a
heavy heart, I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face. Well,
maybe I have been worrying too much. 10.______ all, it's only
30 degrees outside!
which/that
it
After
1.make it to (尤指在困难情况下)准时到达, 赶上
(教材P83)…I hope I can make it to Bank station…
……我希望我能准时赶到银行站……
(1)make it 获得成功;准时到达,赶上
(2)make up 编造;组成;补足；和好
make up for 弥补,补偿
make out 辨认清楚;理解
make one's way (to/towards sth) 去,前往
make sense 讲得通,有道理,有意义
make sense of 理解;弄清楚
【活学活用】
(1)Early on the player was injured, so he couldn't make it to
the end of the match.
早些时候那个运动员受伤了, 所以他没能坚持到比赛结束。
(2)After saying goodbye to his parents, he made his way to
the door firmly.
向父母道别后, 他坚定地向门口走去。
(3)用make相关短语的适当形式填空
①I can't __________ what that sign says; it's still too far away．
②The news report was completely __________; there was no
actual evidence to support it.
③Hard work can often _____________ a lack of intelligence．
④I never thought Clare would ________ as an actress.
make out
made up
make up for
make it
⑤Can you explain this concept to me It doesn't ____________
to me right now.
⑥Sarah ___________ the airport just in time to catch her plane
this morning.
make sense
made it to
(4)We live in a world in which only the strongest can
___________________.
在我们生活的世界里，只有最强者才能登上顶峰。
make it to the top
(5)She grabbed her keys, rushed out of the door, and
________________________________________________.
她抓起钥匙，冲出家门，前往那家熟悉的咖啡店。
made her way to/towards the familiar coffee shop
2.occur v. 发生;出现;(想法、念头等)被想到
(教材P84)Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to
climate change.
专家说这种恶劣天气的出现是由气候变化造成的。
(1)sth occurs to sb 某人想到某事
It occurs to sb that… 某人想到……
(2)occurrence n. 发生;发生的事情;出现
［温馨提示］occur没有被动语态, 不可以用于进行时。表示“某人突
然想到……”的句式还有:
①It strikes/hits sb that…
②sth comes/springs to/into mind
③sb hits on/upon sth
【活学活用】
(1)Miracles sometimes occur, but one has to work terribly hard
for them.
奇迹有时候是会发生的，但是你得为之拼命努力。
(2)It immediately occurred to/struck/hit her that these were
signs of an approaching tsunami.
她立刻想到, 这些是海啸即将来临的迹象。
(3)We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that
_________ (occur) billions of years ago.
occurred
(4)It's still not possible to accurately predict the ___________
(occur) of earthquakes.
occurrence
(5)She was thinking how to apologize to her parents when a
good idea _________________________________________________
_____.
她正在考虑如何向父母道歉, 这时她想到了一个好主意。
occurred to/struck/hit her或came/sprang to/into mind
(6)_________________________________________ learning a new
language could be so much fun.
我从未想到学习一门新语言会如此有趣。
It has never occurred to/struck/hit me that
3.announcement n. 通告,公告
(教材P84)“The next station is Bank!” comes the announcement.
“下一站, 银行站!”报站声响起。
(1)make an announcement 宣布
(2)announce sth to sb 向某人宣告某事
It is announced that… 据宣布……
(3)announcer n. 播音员, 广播员
［温馨提示］announce后不能跟双宾语, 即不能用 announce sb
sth, 而要用 announce sth to sb。后面不能接双宾语的动词还有
suggest, explain, report, express等。
【活学活用】
(1)The teacher made an announcement/announced that the
sports meet would be held next Tuesday.
老师宣布，下周二将举行运动会。
(2)The ___________ made an _______________that all the details
should _______________ through the broadcast. (announce)
announcer
announcement
be announced
(3)May I have your attention, please I _______________________
_______________.
请大家注意，我有一件事要向你们宣布。
have an announcement to make to you
(4)____________________ the winner of the award will be
revealed at the ceremony next week.
据宣布，该奖项的获奖者将在下周的典礼上被揭晓。
It is announced that
4.after all 终究,归根结底;毕竟,别忘了
(教材P84)After all, it's only 30 degrees outside!毕竟, 外面只有30度!
all in all 总的说来
in all 一共,总计
above all 首先;尤其是;最重要的是
not at all 一点儿也不;不用谢
［温馨提示］after all表示“终究, 归根结底”时, 表示结果与预想的不
同, 多置于句尾; 表示“毕竟, 别忘了”时引出原因, 多置于句首。
【活学活用】
(1)After all, it's only a small mistake; there's no need to be so
upset about it.
毕竟，这只是一个小错误，没必要这么沮丧。
(2)She was upset about the news, but she managed to stay
calm after all.
她对那个消息很沮丧，但终究她还是设法保持了冷静。
(3)用all相关短语的适当形式填空
①The party was a bit noisy, but _________, it was a fun
evening.
②He put up a tough fight, but he lost the match _________.
③He is strong, brave, and __________, honest.
④______, there were 51 candidates for the job.
all in all
after all
above all
In all
⑤—Do you mind if I stay a little longer
—No, __________.
not at all
(教材P82)Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station，I
see the title “Hot!Hot!Hot！”. 在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸, 我看
到标题写着“热!热!热!”。
句型公式
现在分词作状语
【归纳拓展】
形 式 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
句 法 功 能 (1)现在分词在句中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、 方式或伴随,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致; (2)从分词的时间意义上看,现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语 动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生; (3)从语态意义上看,现在分词的主动语态表示主动的动作,它所修 饰的人或物是分词动作的执行者,其否定形式是在前面加not。
［温馨提示］现在分词作结果状语时, 一般表示“顺理成章”的结果;
动词不定式作结果状语时, 则表示“意料之外或不愉快”的结果。
【活学活用】
(1)Hearing the exciting news, he jumped with great joy.
听到这个令人兴奋的消息, 他高兴得跳了起来。
(2)Having seen the movie three times, I appreciate it even more
each time.
这部电影我看了三遍，每次我都更加欣赏它。
(3)Families and friends often gather around a big hot pot,
eating and chatting cheerfully.
家人和朋友经常围坐在一个大火锅旁，愉快地边吃边聊。
(4)Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ________ (cause)
the delay.
(5)Tom got to the station only ________ (find) the train had
gone.
to find
(6)_____________________________________________, Ali couldn't
help sobbing.
想到他会让她妹妹失望，阿里忍不住抽泣起来。
Thinking he would let her younger sister down
causing
(8)_______________________________________________, she felt a
little hungry and wished for something to eat.
在街上漫无目的地闲逛了几个小时，她感觉有点饿了，想要吃点东西。
Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours
(7)For a few moments I just stood there with that ten-dollar bill,
_______________________.
有那么一会儿，我拿着那张十美元的钞票站在那里，不知道该买什么。
wondering what to buy
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment
when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the
test ______(管子)spilling everywhere!
tube
2.Lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits is a _______
(典型的) Chinese Spring Festival custom.
typical
3.The total cost of the tsunami warning system is estimated to
be ￡30 million p____.
lus
1
2
3
4
4.An earthquake is a kind of natural d_______, which often
results in many people being injured or killed.
isaster
1
2
3
4
Ⅱ 单句填空
1.Upon arriving at the scene of the accident, the police officer
____________ (immediate) took charge of directing traffic and
ensuring everyone's safety.
immediately
2.The headmaster made an _______________ (announce) to the
entire school, outlining guidelines for the new term.
announcement
3.The worst volcanic _________ (erupt) in human history was
probably Mt Tambora in 1815, in Indonesia.
eruption
1
2
3
4
5
6
4.Professor Jim Smith conducted a study to compare the bird
flu epidemic which _________ (occur) in 1997 with other deadly
epidemics in our history.
occurred
5.In 2013, a lot of people were _________ (shock) by a news
photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic
islands of Svalbard.
shocked
6._________(stand) in the distance, we can hear the waterfall
pouring down from the top of the mountain.
Standing
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅲ 短语填空
1.Don't blame him all the time. _________ (毕竟), he is unaware
of what was really going on at that time.
After all
2.__________ (既然) I understand how important my mother's
work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help
people in other lands.
Now that
3.After years of practising seal cutting, he finally ___________
(成功到达) the national competition and showed his exceptional
talent.
made it to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4.The cyclist bent forward to ________ (拾起,捡起) his helmet
lying on the floor.
pick up
5.___________________ (怀着沉重的心情), Tom watched the ship
sail away from the shore, knowing he wouldn't see his loved
ones for a long time.
With a heavy heart
6.______________ (浏览) news every day and you can keep up
with the rapidly developing situation.
Look through
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
7.Acupuncture is much greener and simpler __________________
(与……相比) Western medicine as it uses no drugs.
compared to/with
8.Jaden _______________ (走出) his car and approached the
driver, saying “What's up, sir ”
stepped out of
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅳ 句型训练
1._________________________________ is an interesting and
rewarding experience.
沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣且有益的经历。
Travelling along the old Silk Road
2.___________________________ that we could find a temporary
shelter to stay in.(it作形式主语)
我突然想到我们可以找一个临时的避难处逗留。
It suddenly occurred to me
3._____________ Simon to make such a mess. (it作形式主语)
西蒙总是把事情搞得一团糟。
It's typical of
1
2
3
4
4.____________________________________, I know I will whisper
to myself, “Be yourself.”(分词作状语)
紧张地面对挑战,我知道我会悄悄对自己说:“做你自己。”
Nervously faced with/facing challenges
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ 阅读理解
[2024·浙江衢温“5+1”联盟高一期中]
Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake
prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed
an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of
earthquakes a week in advance during a test in China and
provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted
earthquakes.
1
2
3
4
The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based
on the team's knowledge of earthquake physics, and then
instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake
recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by
listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the
background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth.
This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven
earthquake prediction. “You don't see earthquakes coming,”
explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who
1
2
3
4
leads the Texas Seismological Network(TexNet). “It's a matter of
milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how
prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that's a huge
result and could help decrease economic and human losses and
has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation
worldwide.”
While it is unknown whether the same approach will work
at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI
algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in
1
2
3
4
areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step
is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT's Bureau of
TexNet has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of
continuous records, making it an ideal location for these
purposes.
Finally, the authors hope to combine the system with
physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially
important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long
way to go, but many advances such as this one, taken together,
are what moves science forward，” concludes Scott Tinker, the
bureau's director.
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在地震
预测领域的新进展，通过详细解释人工智能算法的工作原理、训练
过程以及其在地震预测中的准确性和潜在应用，向读者普及了相关
的科学知识。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.Which words can best describe the earthquake-
predicting technology
A.Reliable but outdated.
B.Effective but costly.
C.Potential and economical.
D.Groundbreaking and promising.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知，地震预测技术有发
展前景；再根据文章第三段内容可知，这种地震预测技术是一个里
程碑的进展，并且能够显著减少经济和人员伤亡的损失，具有巨大
的潜力来改进全球的地震准备。由此推知，这种技术可以被认为是
具有突破性和有前景的。故选D。
1
2
3
4
( ) 2.How does the AI forecast earthquakes
A.By identifying data from the satellites.
B.By analysing background sounds in the Earth.
C.By modeling data based on earthquake recordings.
D.By monitoring changes in the Earth's magnetic field.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，人工智能经过训练
后通过在地球的背景隆隆声中听即将发生地震的迹象来进行预测。
故选B。
√
1
2
3
4
( ) 3.What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in
Paragraph 3
A.The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes.
B.The importance of preparing for earthquakes.
C.The significance of developing the AI prediction.
D.The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知，Alexandros
Savvaidis在第三段中解释了地震预测的重要性，并强调了人工智能
预测系统的70%准确率是一个巨大的结果，可以帮助减少经济损失和
人员伤亡，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备。由此推知，
Alexandros Savvaidis意在展示开发人工智能预测系统的重要性。故
选C。
1
2
3
4
( ) 4.What does the following research focus on
A.Conducting tests in different locations.
B.Applying the AI approach to other fields.
C.Building more earthquake stations in Texas.
D.Enlarging the database to train the accuracy.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知，他们计划在不同地
点进行测试以验证该方法的适用性。由此推知，接下来的研究的重
点是在不同地点进行测试。故选A。
√
1
2
3
4
Ⅵ 阅读七选五
[2024·福建三明高一月考]
A flood can develop slowly, over time or rapidly, as in the
case of flash floods which can develop in just a few minutes
and without signs of rain.
1
2
3
4
5
1.___ This is the first thing that a person should do. It is
unwise to just depend on history to decide whether your area
is at risk of flooding.
D
Create an evacuation plan in case you have to evacuate
your home. Pay attention to the safe areas you can go to.
Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take
with you if you have to leave your house. 2.___
If there is a possibility of a flash flood, leave your home
and move to higher ground at once. Do not wait for instructions to move. Evacuation may also cause a shortage in the food supply. 3.___ To survive, one must depend on food storage.
F
1
2
3
4
5
G
While evacuating, avoid walking through moving water. Even
six inches of moving water can make you fall. If you have to
walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. 4.___
Do not drive into flooded areas. If floodwaters rise around
your car, abandon (舍弃) the car and move to higher ground,
when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep.
5.___ If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water, stay in the
car. If the water is rising inside the car, move on to the roof.
C
B
1
2
3
4
5
A.They don't know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you're at is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.It would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.During these conditions, hunger becomes a very real problem.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在洪水来临时人
们应该如何自救。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
D
[解析] 根据后文的“This is the first thing that a person should
do.”可知，D项(注意你所在的地区是否有发生洪水的危险。)与下文
连接通顺，this指代的是D项提到的“注意发生洪水的风险”。故选D项。
2.___
F
[解析] 根据前文的“Prepare food kits for natural disasters that
you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house.”
可知，F项(这将有助于为紧急情况储存食物。)承接上文，指出了准
备好应急食物包可以应对突发的自然灾害。故选F项。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
G
[解析] 根据前文的“Evacuation may also cause a shortage in the
food supply.”和下文的“To survive, one must depend on food
storage.”可知，G项(在这些情况下，饥饿成为一个非常现实的问
题。)与上文为因果关系，说明了疏散带来的食物不足会导致饥饿的
发生，下文针对“饥饿”提出了储存食物的解决方案。故选G项。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
C
[解析] 根据前文的“Even six inches of moving water can make
you fall. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is
not moving.”可知，C项(用一根棍子检查你前面的地面。)承接上文，
进一步指出如何在水中安全地前进。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
B
[解析] 根据前文的“Do not drive into flooded areas. If
floodwaters rise around your car, abandon (舍弃) the car and
move to higher ground, when water is not moving or not more
than a few inches deep.”和后文的“If your car is trapped in
rapidly moving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising
inside the car, move on to the roof.”可知，B项(你和车很快就会
被冲走。)承接上文，说明车在进入水淹区后，如果不能及时撤离会
出现连人带车被冲走的情况，下文举例说明在水流很急的情况下，
被困的人应该怎么办。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅶ 语法填空
[2024·江苏无锡太湖高级中学高一月考]
As the effects of global warming, rising sea level and
natural disasters become 1._____________ (serious) than before,
some local communities are taking action. Among them is one
community in Florida 2._______ local people and government
officials are proving successful in protecting coastal cities from
the dangers of rising sea level.
more serious
where
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The community has studied how much sea level will rise
and has suggested addressing the problem in some 3._________
(effect) ways. It has persuaded the state government 4.________
(ban) new developments on land near the coastline and
recommended 5._________ (build) sand dunes (沙丘) along
beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the group's founders, decided to
take immediate action in 2008 after it became 6.__________
(gradual) clear that her state's 27 water authorities couldn't
agree on joint action.
effective
to ban
building
gradually
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
While some Florida government officials doubt 7.__________
the climate will become hotter or colder, the people living in
these 8._________ (location) are certain of the need to protect
their communities.
At present, coming 9.____ with ways to fight against the
effects of climate change under a limited budget 10.___ (be) a
pressing concern. Believe it or not, only time will tell whether
these communities will succeed in the end.
whether/if
locations
up
is
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着全球变暖、
海平面上升和自然灾害的影响比以前更加严重,一些地方社区正在采
取行动。
1._____________
more serious
[解析] 考查形容词比较级。由空后than before可知,空处应用形容词
比较级more serious作系动词become的表语,表示“更严重的”。故填
more serious。
2._______
where
[解析] 考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为
community,空处需要用关系副词,在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3._________
effective
[解析] 考查形容词。修饰名词ways,作定语,需用形容词effective,表示
“有效的”。故填effective。
4.________
to ban
[解析] 考查不定式。persuade sb to do sth为固定结构,表示“说服
某人做某事”。故填to ban。
5._________
building
[解析] 考查动名词。recommend doing sth为固定结构,表示“建议做
某事”。故填building。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.__________
gradually
[解析] 考查副词。此处需用副词gradually作状语,表示“逐渐地”。故
填gradually。
7.__________
whether/if
[解析] 考查宾语从句。doubt后接的是一个宾语从句,空处在从句中
不作任何成分;根据句意可知,空处需有“是否”之意,所以应填连接词
whether或if。故填whether/if。
8._________
locations
[解析] 考查名词复数。空处由these修饰,应填可数名词复数形式
locations。故填locations。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.____
up
[解析] 考查固定搭配。come up with为固定搭配,表示“想出”。故填
up。
10.___
is
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语at present可知,句子应
用一般现在时。分析句子结构可知,空处为谓语动词,动名词作主语,谓
语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
