单元小测(Unit 6)
Ⅰ.1.reliable 2.announcement 3.Immediately
4.threatening 5.precisely 6.occurred 7.exceptional
8.from 9.were rescued 10.scheduled
Ⅱ.1.stay away from 2.make it to 3.react to 4.rely on/upon 5.look out for 6.look through 7.pick up 8.in the face of
Ⅲ.1.Walking on the soft carpet 2.Running in the morning 3.Though tired and hungry 4.long before he set up 5.The moment I saw my name
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。宁夏回族自治区三面被不断推进的沙漠包围,是威胁中国北方的沙尘暴的主要来源之一。 但是宁夏40多年的防沙治沙工作积累了重要经验。根据不同的栖息地种植不同的树木对保持森林的质量和可持续性至关重要。
1.surrounded 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语构成被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。故填surrounded。
2.and 考查连词。前后文为并列关系,应用连词and。故填and。
3.is taken 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数形式,谓语用单数。故填is taken。
4.defence 考查名词。此处作从句的主语,应用名词defence,表示“防御”,为不可数名词,故填defence。
5.critical 考查形容词。此处作表语,表示“至关重要的”,应用形容词critical。故填critical。
6.extremely 考查副词。修饰后文形容词low应用副词extremely,作状语。故填extremely。
7.of 考查介词。结合句意可知,此处表示阻止沙子向周边地区的传输,应用介词of。故填of。
8.living 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,live在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语organisms构成主动关系,应用现在分词作定语。故填living。
9.had grown 考查动词时态。根据上文by the end of 2020可知,应用过去完成时。故填had grown。
10.the 考查冠词。此处特指“十四五”规划,应用定冠词the。故填the。
Ⅴ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型虚拟现实体验可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Focusing on children aged 10—12 years old, the new VR experience presents a situation where children are tasked with looking after a friend’s dog just before a fire event begins to spread. They participate in a series of problem-solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog.”可知,VR体验通过让孩子们在虚拟情境中解决问题来教育他们如何应对火灾状况。故选C。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The findings showed that more than 80 percent of children reported that they felt more confident to calmly assess the situation and make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire.”可推断,这种虚拟现实体验可以积极地帮助孩子们应对火灾。故选B。
3.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中Weber的话“Well-designed VR can provide a chance for children to apply newly-acquired knowledge, strengthen their learnt concepts, and enable immediate reaction—all incredibly valuable learning tools.”可推知,Weber对这种新型虚拟现实体验持支持的态度。故选D。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently, research on how a new virtual reality (VR) experience educated primary children about the fire disaster was done.”及全文可知, 本文主要介绍了一种新型虚拟现实体验可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。所以A项“VR experiences educate kids to survive a fire”(虚拟现实体验教育孩子如何在火灾中生存)作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍气候变化与美国住房危机之间的联系。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第一段“More than 170,000 people in California are unhoused. Even as the state has poured resources into fighting against the problem, the number of people without homes has ticked upward in recent years. On the surface, the state has one key advantage for people without a reliable roof over their heads: relatively consistent and livable weather.”可知,相对稳定和宜居的天气是导致加利福尼亚无家可归人员增加的主要原因。故选A。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第二段“As it became clear that the Los Angeles region could experience an extreme downpour and subsequent flooding, outreach teams fanned out across the river bank and dam areas across the city that have become home to a significant unhoused population, offering support to move them into shelters and motels (汽车旅馆).”可知,外展小组把大量无家可归的人转移到避难所和汽车旅馆等安全的地方。故选B。
7.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ashley Kelly, the chief operating officer at Hawaii’s Family Life Centre, said: ‘Finding housing for any new clients is just not possible right now.’”可知,在Ashley Kelly看来,毛伊岛现在的住房状况是很艰难的。故选D。
8.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段“More than 170,000 people in California are unhoused. Even as the state has poured resources into fighting against the problem, the number of people without homes has ticked upward in recent years. On the surface, the state has one key advantage for people without a reliable roof over their heads: relatively consistent and livable weather. So one of my first thoughts when I heard news of a hurricane attacking Los Angeles was just ‘What will happen to the city’s homeless population ’”,第三段“Despite that, it’s obvious that the effects of climate change will hit the most vulnerable (脆弱的) hardest.”,第四段“The most notable connection between climate change and the US housing crisis is the threat extreme weather poses to unhoused people.”和第五段“Another link worth considering is the way in which climate change creates more homelessness and further stresses on housing systems.”可知,这篇文章主要介绍了气候变化与美国住房危机之间的联系。故选C。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文为一篇记叙文,讲述了作者遭遇洪水,由于反应及时,最后得以幸存,作者认为这段经历让自己心存感激,并下定决心要充实地过好每一天。
1.B 根据下文倒数第二段中“Any effects of the alcohol before sleep were gone…”可知,作者庆祝生日喝酒了,有些醉意。故选B项。relieved宽慰的;drunk喝醉的;excited激动的;satisfied满意的。
2.B 根据outside my garden door以及下文“It must have breached (在……上打开缺口) the sandbags.”可知,此处是指在花园门外放了沙袋来阻挡洪水。故选B项。stone石头;sandbag沙袋;wood木头;box盒子。
3.D 根据下文“After all, it had been…that week, resulting in flood warnings.”以及“I was awakened by the…of rushing water.”可知,作者在花园门外放了沙袋并准备了手机,以防发生洪水。故选D项。in doubt怀疑地;in return作为回报;in turn转而,轮流;in case以防万一。
4.C 根据resulting in flood warnings可知,那一周一直下大雨,导致发生洪水预警。故选C项。thunder打雷;snow下雪;pour下大雨;blow刮风。
5.A 根据of rushing water可知,作者被激流的轰鸣声吵醒了。故选A项。roar咆哮声,呼啸声;taste味道,滋味;rhythm节奏;smell气味。
6.D 根据“…feel cold water already up to my knees and…”以及下文“…if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned.”可知,水位不断上升。故选D项。appear出现;spread传播;freeze(使)冻结,结冰;rise上升。
7.A 根据“…turned on its flashlight.”可知,作者抓住手机,打开手电筒。故选A项。grab抓;adjust调整;drop扔下;study学习,研究。
8.C 根据“Then by the light…”可知,借助灯光,作者可以看到水是从花园进来的。故选C项。realize意识到;guess猜测;see看见;check检查。
9.B 根据上文“Then by the light I could…water was from the garden door. It must have breached (在……上打开缺口) the sandbags.”以及空后burst its banks可知,原本安静的水流现在却汹涌澎湃,十分激烈,使河堤溃决。故选B项。extremely极其;violently剧烈地,激烈地;narrowly刚好,勉强地;certainly确定地。
10.A 根据下文“After I went outside…”可知,作者要立刻出去。故选A项。get out下车,出去;check out结账离开,调查;calm down冷静下来;help out帮助某人摆脱(困境)。
11.B 根据上文“The river, usually such a quiet, slow moving river in my region, had…burst its banks.”以及下文“Any effects of the alcohol before sleep were gone…”可知,河堤决口,现在作者也清醒了,立即采取行动,从屋里出去。故选B项。brave勇敢的;immediate立即的;determined有决心的;calculated精心策划的,蓄意的。
12.A 根据上文“When I swung my legs off the bed, I was shocked to feel cold water already up to my knees and…fast.”以及下文“Therefore, if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned.”可知,作者醒来发现洪水已经超过膝盖且还在不断上涨,由此可知,被洪水包围着的恐惧让作者清醒了。故选A项。fear恐惧;annoyance恼怒;stress压力;responsibility责任。
13.C 根据上文“Therefore, if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned.”以及下文“I came very close to drowning that day.”可知,如果作者晚醒几分钟,就可能淹死了,由此可知,这段经历让作者心存感激。故选C项。active活跃的;proud骄傲的;grateful感激的;amazed惊奇的。
14.D 根据下文“Don’t remember the day when you lost everything. Remember the day you…That day marked the beginning of a new chapter in your life.”可知,作者的妈妈告诉作者,不应该沉湎于过去,要向前看,作者听从了母亲的建议。故选D项。ask询问;ensure确保;hear听到;follow跟随,听从。
15.C 根据“That day marked the beginning of a new chapter in your life.”可知,活下来的那一天标志着新篇章的开始,这与上文描述的作者从洪水中幸存下来相照应。故选C项。love爱;forgive原谅;survive幸存;graduate毕业。单元小测(Unit 6)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.With the help of a (rely) weather forecast , the airline was able to reschedule its flights to avoid the approaching storm.
2.The news channel broadcast an official (announce) about the disaster , asking for volunteers to assist in the relief efforts.
3. (immediate) he knew the truth, he burst into tears .
4.The desert appeared completely empty, which was calming and (threaten) at the same time.
5.In this science experiment , we must (precise) distinguish between the control group and the experimental group to ensure accurate results.
6.Suddenly a brilliant idea (occur)to her, and she couldn’t wait to share it with others.
7.We will wander in small traditional towns and end our tour with an (exception) museum in Shanghai.
8.These plants must be sheltered direct sunlight, or they will die.
9.When we (rescue), we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears .
10.As ( schedule), the activity will be held at 8 am this Friday in the school dining hall.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.If you come across a snake in the wild, (远离) it immediately and give it space to move away.
2.Hurry up, otherwise you can’t (赶到) the station in five minutes.
3.Only when we (对……做出反应) emergencies in life calmly, can we solve problems in a better way.
4.Farmers (依靠) sufficient rainfall during the growing season to ensure a good harvest.
5.When hiking in mountainous areas, it’s important to (注意,提防)signs of a potential landslide .
6.While waiting for the bus, the woman took out her wrinkled newspaper and began to (浏览) the headlines.
7.Would you mind bothering to (取回) my suit from the cleaner’s on your way home
8.Success doesn’t come easily, but never say never to your dreams, especially (面对) challenges.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1. , the child quietly entered the room to avoid disturbing his sleeping mother.(分词作状语)
走在柔软的地毯上,孩子悄悄地走进房间,以免打扰熟睡的母亲。
2. is a fantastic way to energize for the day ahead .
早上跑步是为新的一天注入活力的绝佳方式。
3. , he decided not to give up halfway.(省略)
虽然又累又饿,但他决定不半途而废。
4.It wasn’t a foundation of his own.
没过多久,他就成立了自己的基金会。
5. on the top of the first prize list, surprise and joy occupied my mind.(moment)
我一看到自己的名字出现在一等奖名单的首位,惊讶和喜悦就占据了我的脑海。
●Ⅳ 语法填空
The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 1. (surround) by advancing deserts on three sides, is one of the major sources of sandstorms which threaten northern China. The region lacks water resources 2. faces extreme weather events. If no action 3. (take), the region will face the threat of being buried by sand as no 4. (defend) can stop the advancing deserts and repetitive strong sandstorms.
More than four decades of efforts against desertification in Ningxia have helped develop crucial experience. Growing different trees based on different habitats is 5. (critic) to maintaining the forests’ quality and sustainability. In Shapotou District, Zhongwei City, wild shrubs (灌木) are planted because of the 6. (extreme) low groundwater. Shrubs help lower the wind speed, preventing the transportation 7. sand to neighbouring areas. At the same time, the organisms 8. (live) on the shrubs gradually form biological soil coats to hold the sand firmly.
By the end of 2020, it was shocking that Ningxia 9. (grow) about 510,000 hectares of forest, increasing forest coverage from 8.4 percent in 2000 to 15.8 percent. During 10. “14th Five-Year Plan” period, Ningxia plans to create 96,000 hectares of forest and restore over 66,000 hectares of grassland.
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
A [2024·湖南邵阳第二中学高一期中]
Recently, research on how a new virtual reality (VR) experience educated primary children about the fire disaster was done. It was developed by the University of South Australia, aiming to educate children to learn how to be safer in a fire.
Focusing on children aged 10—12 years old, the new VR experience presents a situation where children are tasked with looking after a friend’s dog just before a fire event begins to spread. They participate in a series of problem-solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog.
The findings showed that more than 80 percent of children reported that they felt more confident to calmly assess the situation and make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire. This is especially important considering that 91 percent of participants originally lacked any knowledge of fires, and that 67 percent had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire.
The researchers believed such immersive (沉浸式的) VR experiences had real potential to attract and educate the young. “As children born in digital times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events realistically yet within the safe environment,” said Delene Weber, one of the researchers. “Well-designed VR can provide a chance for children to apply newly-acquired knowledge, strengthen their learnt concepts, and enable immediate reaction—all incredibly valuable learning tools.”
Meanwhile, because children have fewer life experiences, aren’t as physically strong, and are less likely to have learned much about fire safety, they’re often most at risk. Yet the ability for children to contribute to fire safety at their household should not be underestimated.
“Children do not need to be passively attacked by disasters and with purpose-built virtual reality experiences such as these, we can help children understand the risks and realize they can help,” said Weber.
( )1.How does the new VR experience try to educate children
A.By introducing a virtual friend to them.
B.By finding the causes of a fire event.
C.By letting them solve virtual problems.
D.By guiding them to ask a dog for help.
( )2.What did the result of the research about VR experiences show
A.Many children found it hard to adapt to them.
B.They helped children deal with fire positively.
C.They benefited children with knowledge of animals.
D.Most children had a misunderstanding about them.
( )3.What is Weber’s attitude towards the new VR experiences
A.Doubtful. B.Indifferent.
C.Disapproving. D.Supportive.
( )4.What can be the most suitable title for the text
A.VR experiences educate kids to survive a fire
B.VR experiences make learning easier for kids
C.VR education appeals to the young generation
D.VR technology makes no sense in fighting a fire
B [2024·福建永春第一中学高一月考]
More than 170,000 people in California are unhoused. Even as the state has poured resources into fighting against the problem, the number of people without homes has ticked upward in recent years. On the surface, the state has one key advantage for people without a reliable roof over their heads: relatively consistent and livable weather. So one of my first thoughts when I heard news of a hurricane attacking Los Angeles was just “What will happen to the city’s homeless population ”
City agencies quickly took action. As it became clear that the Los Angeles region could experience an extreme downpour and subsequent flooding, outreach teams fanned out across the river bank and dam areas across the city that have become home to a significant unhoused population, offering support to move them into shelters and motels (汽车旅馆).
Despite that, it’s obvious that the effects of climate change will hit the most vulnerable (脆弱的) hardest. We see this globally as extreme weather events hit countries that have contributed the least to the problem.
The most notable connection between climate change and the US housing crisis is the threat extreme weather poses to unhoused people. More unhoused people are affected as climate change drives increasingly unpredictable weather. People without homes know how to respond to expected seasonal events. But events like a near-hurricane in Los Angeles or a wildfire in Maui can catch populations with limited access to information off guard.
Another link worth considering is the way in which climate change creates more homelessness and further stresses on housing systems. Hurricane Katrina, for example, displaced 800,000 people. Four years later, 12,000 people remained without shelter.
Housing has been—and will continue to be—a key issue in Maui too as it recovers from the wildfire that killed more than 100 people. Maui has already had a housing crisis, the result of a high cost of living driven in large part by the tourism industry. And, now, many more are left looking for places to stay. Ashley Kelly, the chief operating officer at Hawaii’s Family Life Centre, said:“Finding housing for any new clients is just not possible right now.”
( )5.What contributes to the increase of the unhoused population in California
A.Its mild weather.
B.Its inclusive local culture.
C.Its limited basic facilities.
D.Its relaxed state policies.
( )6.What did outreach teams do in response to the hurricane in Los Angeles
A.They built dams to prevent flooding.
B.They moved homeless people to safe places.
C.They sought low-cost housing from city agencies.
D.They surrounded the river bank to keep people away.
( )7.Which word can best describe Maui’s housing circumstances now according to Ashley Kelly
A.Mysterious. B.Exceptional.
C.Changeable. D.Tough.
( )8.What is the text mainly about
A.Ways of Americans relocating disaster-affected populations.
B.The significance of timely weather updates for the homeless.
C.The link between climate change and the housing crisis in the US.
D.Approaches of homeless Americans to dealing with natural disasters.
●Ⅵ 完形填空
[2024·黑龙江大庆实验中学高一期中]
It was 1:20 am. I had just gone to bed, a bit 1 after celebrating my 31st birthday. Before dinner, I’d placed 2 outside my garden door and prepared the cellphone just 3 . After all, it had been 4 that week, resulting in flood warnings.
I was awakened by the 5 of rushing water. When I swung my legs off the bed, I was shocked to feel cold water already up to my knees and 6 fast.
Shaking in darkness, I 7 my phone and turned on its flashlight. Then by the light I could 8 water was from the garden door. It must have breached (在……上打开缺口) the sandbags. The river, usually such a quiet, slow moving river in my region, had 9 burst its banks. And now I had to 10 !
I took 11 action. Any effects of the alcohol before sleep were gone; 12 sobers (使清醒) one up. After I went outside, I learned the river had flooded the neighbourhood. Therefore, if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned.
In the end, I think the experience made me 13 and determined to live each day to its fullest. I came very close to drowning that day. But rather than dwell on (沉湎于)what happened, I prefer to 14 what my mother told me afterwards, “Don’t remember the day when you lost everything. Remember the day you 15 . That day marked the beginning of a new chapter in your life.”
( )1.A.relieved B.drunk
C.excited D.satisfied
( )2.A.stones B.sandbags
C.wood D.boxes
( )3.A.in doubt B.in return
C.in turn D.in case
( )4.A.thundering B.snowing
C.pouring D.blowing
( )5.A.roar B.taste
C.rhythm D.smell
( )6.A.appearing B.spreading
C.freezing D.rising
( )7.A.grabbed B.adjusted
C.dropped D.studied
( )8.A.realize B.guess
C.see D.check
( )9.A.extremely B.violently
C.narrowly D.certainly
( )10.A.get out B.check out
C.calm down D.help out
( )11.A.brave B.immediate
C.determined D.calculated
( )12.A.fear B.annoyance
C.stress D.responsibility
( )13.A.active B.proud
C.grateful D.amazed
( )14.A.ask B.ensure
C.hear D.follow
( )15.A.loved B.forgave
C.survived D.graduated(共56张PPT)
单元小测 Unit 6
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.With the help of a ________ (rely) weather forecast, the airline
was able to reschedule its flights to avoid the approaching
storm.
reliable
2.The news channel broadcast an official _______________
(announce) about the disaster, asking for volunteers to assist in
the relief efforts.
announcement
3.____________ (immediate) he knew the truth, he burst into
tears.
Immediately
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.The desert appeared completely empty, which was calming
and ____________ (threaten) at the same time.
threatening
5.In this science experiment, we must _________ (precise)
distinguish between the control group and the experimental
group to ensure accurate results.
precisely
6.Suddenly a brilliant idea _________(occur)to her, and she
couldn't wait to share it with others.
occurred
7.We will wander in small traditional towns and end our tour
with an ___________ (exception) museum in Shanghai.
exceptional
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.These plants must be sheltered ______ direct sunlight, or they
will die.
from
9.When we ______________ (rescue), we felt such relief and joy
that many of us could not hide our tears.
were rescued
10.As __________ ( schedule), the activity will be held at 8 am
this Friday in the school dining hall.
scheduled
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.If you come across a snake in the wild, ________________
(远离) it immediately and give it space to move away.
stay away from
2.Hurry up, otherwise you can't ___________ (赶到) the station
in five minutes.
make it to
3.Only when we _________ (对……做出反应) emergencies in life
calmly, can we solve problems in a better way.
react to
4.Farmers _____________ (依靠) sufficient rainfall during the
growing season to ensure a good harvest.
rely on/upon
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5.When hiking in mountainous areas, it's important to
_____________ (注意，提防)signs of a potential landslide.
look out for
6.While waiting for the bus, the woman took out her wrinkled
newspaper and began to _____________ (浏览) the headlines.
look through
7.Would you mind bothering to ________ (取回) my suit from
the cleaner's on your way home
pick up
8.Success doesn't come easily, but never say never to your
dreams, especially ______________ (面对) challenges.
in the face of
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.__________________________, the child quietly entered the
room to avoid disturbing his sleeping mother.(分词作状语)
走在柔软的地毯上，孩子悄悄地走进房间，以免打扰熟睡的母亲。
Walking on the soft carpet
2._______________________ is a fantastic way to energize for
the day ahead.
早上跑步是为新的一天注入活力的绝佳方式。
Running in the morning
3._________________________, he decided not to give up
halfway.(省略)
虽然又累又饿,但他决定不半途而废。
Though tired and hungry
1
2
3
4
5
4.It wasn't ______________________ a foundation of his own.
没过多久,他就成立了自己的基金会。
long before he set up
5.____________________________ on the top of the first prize
list, surprise and joy occupied my mind.(moment)
我一看到自己的名字出现在一等奖名单的首位，惊讶和喜悦就占据
了我的脑海。
The moment I saw my name
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Ⅳ 语法填空
The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 1.____________
(surround) by advancing deserts on three sides, is one of the
major sources of sandstorms which threaten northern China. The
region lacks water resources 2._____ faces extreme weather
events. If no action 3._________ (take), the region will face the
threat of being buried by sand as no 4._________ (defend) can
stop the advancing deserts and repetitive strong sandstorms.
surrounded
and
is taken
defence
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More than four decades of efforts against desertification in
Ningxia have helped develop crucial experience. Growing
different trees based on different habitats is 5._______ (critic) to
maintaining the forests' quality and sustainability. In Shapotou
District, Zhongwei City, wild shrubs (灌木) are planted because
of the 6.__________ (extreme) low groundwater. Shrubs help
lower the wind speed, preventing the transportation 7.___ sand
to neighbouring areas. At the same time, the organisms
8.______ (live) on the shrubs gradually form biological soil coats
to hold the sand firmly.
critical
extremely
of
living
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By the end of 2020, it was shocking that Ningxia
9.___________ (grow) about 510,000 hectares of forest,
increasing forest coverage from 8.4 percent in 2000 to 15.8
percent. During 10.____“14th Five-Year Plan” period, Ningxia
plans to create 96,000 hectares of forest and restore over
66,000 hectares of grassland.
had grown
the
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【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。宁夏回族自治区三面被不断推进的
沙漠包围,是威胁中国北方的沙尘暴的主要来源之一。 但是宁夏40
多年的防沙治沙工作积累了重要经验。根据不同的栖息地种植不同
的树木对保持森林的质量和可持续性至关重要。
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1.____________
surrounded
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,surround在句中应用非
谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语构成被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。故填
surrounded。
2._____
and
[解析] 考查连词。前后文为并列关系,应用连词and。故填and。
3._________
is taken
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系,
且主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来,应用一般现在时的被
动语态,主语为单数形式,谓语用单数。故填is taken。
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4._________
defence
[解析] 考查名词。此处作从句的主语,应用名词defence,表示“防御”,
为不可数名词,故填defence。
5._______
critical
[解析] 考查形容词。此处作表语,表示“至关重要的”,应用形容词
critical。故填critical。
6.__________
extremely
[解析] 考查副词。修饰后文形容词low应用副词extremely,作状语。
故填extremely。
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7.___
of
[解析] 考查介词。结合句意可知,此处表示阻止沙子向周边地区的传
输,应用介词of。故填of。
8.______
living
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,live在句中应用非谓语
动词形式,与逻辑主语organisms构成主动关系,应用现在分词作定语。
故填living。
9.___________
had grown
[解析] 考查动词时态。根据上文by the end of 2020可知,应用过去
完成时。故填had grown。
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10.____
the
[解析] 考查冠词。此处特指“十四五”规划,应用定冠词the。故填the。
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Ⅴ 阅读理解
A[2024·湖南邵阳第二中学高一期中]
Recently, research on how a new virtual reality (VR)
experience educated primary children about the fire disaster was
done. It was developed by the University of South Australia,
aiming to educate children to learn how to be safer in a fire.
Focusing on children aged 10—12 years old, the new VR
experience presents a situation where children are tasked with
looking after a friend's dog just before a fire event begins to
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spread. They participate in a series of problem-solving activities
to help save and protect themselves and the dog.
The findings showed that more than 80 percent of children
reported that they felt more confident to calmly assess the
situation and make wise decisions to protect themselves from a
fire. This is especially important considering that 91 percent of
participants originally lacked any knowledge of fires, and that 67
percent had said that they were too young to make safety
decisions in a fire.
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The researchers believed such immersive (沉浸式的) VR
experiences had real potential to attract and educate the young.
“As children born in digital times, they are interested in such
technology and they can experience events realistically yet within
the safe environment，” said Delene Weber, one of the
researchers. “Well-designed VR can provide a chance for
children to apply newly-acquired knowledge, strengthen their
learnt concepts, and enable immediate reaction—all incredibly
valuable learning tools.”
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Meanwhile, because children have fewer life experiences,
aren't as physically strong, and are less likely to have learned
much about fire safety, they're often most at risk. Yet the ability
for children to contribute to fire safety at their household
should not be underestimated.
“Children do not need to be passively attacked by disasters
and with purpose-built virtual reality experiences such as these,
we can help children understand the risks and realize they can
help,” said Weber.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型虚拟现
实体验可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。
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( ) 1.How does the new VR experience try to educate
children
A.By introducing a virtual friend to them.
B.By finding the causes of a fire event.
C.By letting them solve virtual problems.
D.By guiding them to ask a dog for help.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“Focusing on children aged 10—
12 years old, the new VR experience presents a situation where
children are tasked with looking after a friend's dog just before
a fire event begins to spread. They participate in a series of
problem-solving activities to help save and protect themselves
and the dog.”可知，VR体验通过让孩子们在虚拟情境中解决问题来
教育他们如何应对火灾状况。故选C。
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( ) 2.What did the result of the research about VR
experiences show
A.Many children found it hard to adapt to them.
B.They helped children deal with fire positively.
C.They benefited children with knowledge of animals.
D.Most children had a misunderstanding about them.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The findings showed that
more than 80 percent of children reported that they felt more
confident to calmly assess the situation and make wise decisions
to protect themselves from a fire.”可推断，这种虚拟现实体验可以
积极地帮助孩子们应对火灾。故选B。
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( ) 3.What is Weber's attitude towards the new VR
experiences
A.Doubtful. B.Indifferent. C.Disapproving. D.Supportive.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中Weber的话“Well-designed VR
can provide a chance for children to apply newly-acquired
knowledge, strengthen their learnt concepts, and enable
immediate reaction—all incredibly valuable learning tools.”可推知，
Weber对这种新型虚拟现实体验持支持的态度。故选D。
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( ) 4.What can be the most suitable title for the text
A.VR experiences educate kids to survive a fire
B.VR experiences make learning easier for kids
C.VR education appeals to the young generation
D.VR technology makes no sense in fighting a fire
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[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently, research on how a new
virtual reality (VR) experience educated primary children about
the fire disaster was done.”及全文可知, 本文主要介绍了一种新型
虚拟现实体验可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。所以A项
“VR experiences educate kids to survive a fire”(虚拟现实体验教育
孩子如何在火灾中生存)作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
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B[2024·福建永春第一中学高一月考]
More than 170,000 people in California are unhoused. Even
as the state has poured resources into fighting against the
problem, the number of people without homes has ticked
upward in recent years. On the surface, the state has one key
advantage for people without a reliable roof over their heads:
relatively consistent and livable weather. So one of my first
thoughts when I heard news of a hurricane attacking Los
Angeles was just “What will happen to the city's homeless
population ”
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City agencies quickly took action. As it became clear that
the Los Angeles region could experience an extreme downpour
and subsequent flooding, outreach teams fanned out across the
river bank and dam areas across the city that have become
home to a significant unhoused population, offering support to
move them into shelters and motels (汽车旅馆).
Despite that, it's obvious that the effects of climate change
will hit the most vulnerable (脆弱的) hardest. We see this
globally as extreme weather events hit countries that have
contributed the least to the problem.
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The most notable connection between climate change and
the US housing crisis is the threat extreme weather poses to
unhoused people. More unhoused people are affected as
climate change drives increasingly unpredictable weather. People
without homes know how to respond to expected seasonal
events. But events like a near-hurricane in Los Angeles or a
wildfire in Maui can catch populations with limited access to
information off guard.
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Another link worth considering is the way in which climate
change creates more homelessness and further stresses on
housing systems. Hurricane Katrina, for example, displaced
800,000 people. Four years later, 12,000 people remained
without shelter.
Housing has been—and will continue to be—a key issue in
Maui too as it recovers from the wildfire that killed more than
100 people. Maui has already had a housing crisis, the result of
a high cost of living driven in large part by the tourism industry.
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And, now, many more are left looking for places to stay. Ashley
Kelly, the chief operating officer at Hawaii's Family Life Centre,
said：“Finding housing for any new clients is just not possible
right now.”
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【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍气候变化与美国
住房危机之间的联系。
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( ) 5.What contributes to the increase of the unhoused
population in California
A.Its mild weather. B.Its inclusive local culture.
C.Its limited basic facilities. D.Its relaxed state policies.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“More than 170,000 people in
California are unhoused. Even as the state has poured resources
into fighting against the problem, the number of people without
homes has ticked upward in recent years. On the surface, the
state has one key advantage for people without a reliable roof
over their heads: relatively consistent and livable weather.”可知，
相对稳定和宜居的天气是导致加利福尼亚无家可归人员增加的主要
原因。故选A。
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( ) 6.What did outreach teams do in response to the
hurricane in Los Angeles
A.They built dams to prevent flooding.
B.They moved homeless people to safe places.
C.They sought low-cost housing from city agencies.
D.They surrounded the river bank to keep people away.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“As it became clear that the Los
Angeles region could experience an extreme downpour and
subsequent flooding, outreach teams fanned out across the river
bank and dam areas across the city that have become home to
a significant unhoused population, offering support to move
them into shelters and motels (汽车旅馆).”可知，外展小组把大量
无家可归的人转移到避难所和汽车旅馆等安全的地方。故选B。
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( ) 7.Which word can best describe Maui's housing
circumstances now according to Ashley Kelly
A.Mysterious. B.Exceptional. C.Changeable. D.Tough.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ashley Kelly, the chief
operating officer at Hawaii's Family Life Centre, said: ‘Finding
housing for any new clients is just not possible right now.’”可知，
在Ashley Kelly看来，毛伊岛现在的住房状况是很艰难的。故选D。
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( ) 8.What is the text mainly about
A.Ways of Americans relocating disaster-affected populations.
B.The significance of timely weather updates for the homeless.
C.The link between climate change and the housing crisis in the
US.
D.Approaches of homeless Americans to dealing with natural
disasters.
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段“More than 170,000 people in
California are unhoused. Even as the state has poured resources
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into fighting against the problem, the number of people without
homes has ticked upward in recent years. On the surface, the
state has one key advantage for people without a reliable roof
over their heads: relatively consistent and livable weather. So
one of my first thoughts when I heard news of a hurricane
attacking Los Angeles was just ‘What will happen to the city's
homeless population ’”，第三段“Despite that, it's obvious that
the effects of climate change will hit the most vulnerable
(脆弱的) hardest.”，第四段“The most notable connection between
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climate change and the US housing crisis is the threat extreme
weather poses to unhoused people.”和第五段“Another link worth
considering is the way in which climate change creates more
homelessness and further stresses on housing systems.”可知，这
篇文章主要介绍了气候变化与美国住房危机之间的联系。故选C。
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Ⅵ 完形填空
[2024·黑龙江大庆实验中学高一期中]
It was 1：20 am. I had just gone to bed, a bit . .1. . after
celebrating my 31st birthday. Before dinner, I'd placed . .2. .
outside my garden door and prepared the cellphone just . .3. ..
After all, it had been . .4. . that week, resulting in flood warnings.
I was awakened by the . .5. . of rushing water. When I
swung my legs off the bed, I was shocked to feel cold water
already up to my knees and . .6. . fast.
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Shaking in darkness, I . .7. . my phone and turned on its
flashlight. Then by the light I could . .8. . water was from the
garden door. It must have breached (在……上打开缺口) the
sandbags. The river, usually such a quiet, slow moving river in
my region, had . .9. . burst its banks. And now I had to . .10. .!
I took . .11. . action. Any effects of the alcohol before sleep
were gone; . .12. . sobers (使清醒) one up. After I went outside, I
learned the river had flooded the neighbourhood. Therefore, if I
had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned.
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In the end, I think the experience made me . .13. . and
determined to live each day to its fullest. I came very close to
drowning that day. But rather than dwell on (沉湎于)what
happened, I prefer to . .14. . what my mother told me afterwards,
“Don't remember the day when you lost everything. Remember
the day you . .15. .. That day marked the beginning of a new
chapter in your life.”
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【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者遭遇洪水，由于反应
及时，最后得以幸存，作者认为这段经历让自己心存感激，并下定
决心要充实地过好每一天。
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( ) 1.A.relieved B.drunk C.excited D.satisfied
[解析] 根据下文倒数第二段中“Any effects of the alcohol before
sleep were gone…”可知，作者庆祝生日喝酒了，有些醉意。故选B
项。relieved宽慰的；drunk喝醉的；excited激动的；satisfied满意的。
( ) 2.A.stones B.sandbags C.wood D.boxes
[解析] 根据outside my garden door以及下文“It must have
breached (在……上打开缺口) the sandbags.”可知，此处是指在花
园门外放了沙袋来阻挡洪水。故选B项。stone石头；sandbag沙袋；
wood木头;box盒子。
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( ) 3.A.in doubt B.in return C.in turn D.in case
[解析] 根据下文“After all, it had been…that week, resulting in
flood warnings.”以及“I was awakened by the…of rushing water.”
可知，作者在花园门外放了沙袋并准备了手机，以防发生洪水。故
选D项。in doubt怀疑地；in return作为回报；in turn转而，轮流；
in case以防万一。
( ) 4.A.thundering B.snowing C.pouring D.blowing
[解析] 根据resulting in flood warnings可知，那一周一直下大雨，
导致发生洪水预警。故选C项。thunder打雷；snow下雪；pour下大
雨；blow刮风。
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( ) 5.A.roar B.taste C.rhythm D.smell
[解析] 根据of rushing water可知，作者被激流的轰鸣声吵醒了。故
选A项。roar咆哮声，呼啸声；taste味道，滋味；rhythm节奏；smell
气味。
( ) 6.A.appearing B.spreading C.freezing D.rising
[解析] 根据“…feel cold water already up to my knees and…”以
及下文“…if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would
have drowned.”可知，水位不断上升。故选D项。appear出现；
spread传播；freeze(使)冻结，结冰；rise上升。
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( ) 7.A.grabbed B.adjusted C.dropped D.studied
[解析] 根据“…turned on its flashlight.”可知，作者抓住手机，打开
手电筒。故选A项。grab抓；adjust调整；drop扔下；study学习，研究。
( ) 8.A.realize B.guess C.see D.check
[解析] 根据“Then by the light…”可知，借助灯光，作者可以看到水
是从花园进来的。故选C项。realize意识到；guess猜测；see看见；
check检查。
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( ) 9.A.extremely B.violently C.narrowly D.certainly
[解析] 根据上文“Then by the light I could…water was from the
garden door. It must have breached (在……上打开缺口) the
sandbags.”以及空后burst its banks可知，原本安静的水流现在却汹
涌澎湃，十分激烈，使河堤溃决。故选B项。extremely极其；
violently剧烈地，激烈地；narrowly刚好，勉强地；certainly确定地。
( ) 10.A.get out B.check out
C.calm down D.help out
[解析] 根据下文“After I went outside…”可知，作者要立刻出去。故
选A项。get out下车，出去；check out结账离开，调查；calm
down冷静下来；help out帮助某人摆脱(困境)。
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( ) 11.A.brave B.immediate
C.determined D.calculated
[解析] 根据上文“The river, usually such a quiet, slow moving
river in my region, had…burst its banks.”以及下文“Any effects of
the alcohol before sleep were gone…”可知，河堤决口，现在作者
也清醒了，立即采取行动，从屋里出去。故选B项。brave勇敢的；
immediate立即的；determined有决心的；calculated精心策划的，
蓄意的。
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( ) 12.A.fear B.annoyance
C.stress D.responsibility
[解析] 根据上文“When I swung my legs off the bed, I was
shocked to feel cold water already up to my knees and…fast.”以
及下文“Therefore, if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I
would have drowned.”可知，作者醒来发现洪水已经超过膝盖且还
在不断上涨，由此可知，被洪水包围着的恐惧让作者清醒了。故选A
项。fear恐惧；annoyance恼怒；stress压力；responsibility责任。
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( ) 13.A.active B.proud C.grateful D.amazed
[解析] 根据上文“Therefore, if I had woken up just a few minutes
later, I would have drowned.”以及下文“I came very close to
drowning that day.”可知，如果作者晚醒几分钟，就可能淹死了，
由此可知，这段经历让作者心存感激。故选C项。active活跃的；
proud骄傲的；grateful感激的；amazed惊奇的。
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( ) 14.A.ask B.ensure C.hear D.follow
[解析] 根据下文“Don't remember the day when you lost
everything. Remember the day you…That day marked the
beginning of a new chapter in your life.”可知，作者的妈妈告诉作
者，不应该沉湎于过去，要向前看，作者听从了母亲的建议。故选D
项。ask询问；ensure确保；hear听到；follow跟随，听从。
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( ) 15.A.loved B.forgave C.survived D.graduated
[解析] 根据“That day marked the beginning of a new chapter in
your life.”可知，活下来的那一天标志着新篇章的开始，这与上文描
述的作者从洪水中幸存下来相照应。故选C项。love爱；forgive原谅；
survive幸存；graduate毕业。
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