单元小测(Unit 2)
Ⅰ.1.had been cancelled 2.necessities 3.be equipped
4.faced 5.to promote 6.accessible 7.considerate
8.on 9.it 10.to
Ⅱ.1.Occupied with 2.switch on/turn on 3.throw in the towel 4.in control of 5.are responsible for 6.put aside 7.lose his temper 8.up to
Ⅲ.1.if necessary 2.sat a young woman 3.to start up/set up his own company 4.it was because of his strong interest in literature that 5.Every spring sees/witnesses
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了头脑风暴经常不起作用的原因,提出了改进的方式——“脑力写作法”。
1.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“When we’re facing a complex problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. We’re looking to get the best ideas as quickly as possible. We love seeing it happen—except for one problem.”可知,当我们面对一个复杂的问题时,我们往往会用头脑风暴解决它。我们试图通过头脑风暴尽快得到最好的主意,但是它也有一个问题。画线词所在句承接上文,阐述头脑风暴的缺点。再根据第二段“Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we fail to maximize collective intelligence.”可知,头脑风暴很多时候无法最大限度地发挥集体智慧,最终以失败告终。由此推知,backfires 与fails意思一致。故选A。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段“Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we fail to maximize collective intelligence. Brainstorming groups fall so far short of their potential that we get more ideas—and better ideas—if we all work alone. As the humorist Dave Barry quipped (打趣),‘If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: “meetings”.’” (大量证据表明,当我们一起思考时,我们无法最大限度地发挥集体智慧。头脑风暴小组远远没有发挥出他们的潜力,如果我们都单独工作,我们会得到更多、更好的想法。正如幽默作家Dave Barry打趣的那样:“如果你必须用一个词来说明人类没有、也永远不会实现其全部潜力的原因,这个词就是‘会议’。”)可知,作者首先指出,头脑风暴无法最大限度地发挥集体智慧。然后作者引用幽默作家Dave Barry的话来佐证上面的观点。故作者在第二段提到Dave Barry是为了说明头脑风暴的缺点。故选B。
3.D 推理判断题。根据第三段“To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’d better turn to a process called ‘brainwriting’. The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them anonymously (匿名地) among the group. To preserve independent judgement, each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the team come together to select and refine (完善) the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing and stating them, teams can discover and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.” (为了挖掘团队隐藏的潜力,我们最好采用一种叫作“脑力写作”的方法,而不是头脑风暴。最初的步骤是独自完成的。你首先要求每个人分别提出想法。接下来,你将它们汇集在一起并在组中匿名共享。为了保持独立的判断,每个成员都自己评估。直到这时,团队才聚集在一起选择和完善最有希望的选项。通过在选择和陈述想法之前单独扩展和评估想法,团队可以发现和推进可能不被关注的可能性。)可知,脑力写作与头脑风暴的不同之处在于其涉及产生和评估个人想法。故选D。
4.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,第一、二段主要阐述了头脑风暴的弊端。文章第三段“To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’d better turn to a process called ‘brainwriting’.”承上启下,指出“脑力写作”能够激发团队隐藏的潜力。下文接着阐述其操作步骤,并通过具体事例来阐述“脑力写作”更好。由此可知,本文主要探讨为什么头脑风暴会不起作用,并提出了改进的方式。A选项“Why brainstorming doesn’t work ”能够概括文章主旨,适合作为标题。故选A。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。批判性思维是一种运用理性分析思想、深入开发潜能的艺术。文章介绍了一些建立批判性思维的技巧:勇于质疑、学会共情,为他人着想、与聪明的人相处等。
1.A 本段是对批判性思维的定义。根据空前“It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer.”可知,批判性思维并不意味着更努力地思考或思考的时间更长,空处应是表示转折,接着进行解释。选项A(实际上,它关于更好地思考。)符合语境,故选A项。
2.E 根据空后“Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.”(那么整个基础就需要自下而上重建。)可推断,假设是错误的,分析选项可知,E项(但是如果它们被证明是错误的,或者至少不是完全真实的呢 )符合语境,与后文联系紧密。故选E项。
3.G 根据本段首句“Don’t take information on authority until you’ve investigated it yourself.”(在你自己调查之前,不要轻信权威方面的信息。)及空前“But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don’t.”(但它也使我们无法弄清我们认为来源可靠的事情的真相,即使是在它们来自非可靠来源的时候。)可知,本段主要讲不要轻信权威,分析选项可知,G项(所以一些内容在杂志或网络上发表了并不意味着就是真的。)符合语境。故选G项。
4.D 根据本段主题句“Put yourself in other people’s shoes.”可知,本段主要讲述要设身处地为别人着想。结合空后“You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behaviour.”(你可能会发现,些许的理解有助于更深入地了解他人及其行为。)可知,D项(在你没有完全了解别人的处境前,不要评价别人。)与此处语义一致。故选D项。
5.B 空处是本段主题句。根据本段最后一句“If you are wondering about how to develop critical thinking skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego.”(如果你想知道如何培养批判性思考的技能,就和聪明的人交朋友,抛弃你的自负。)可知,本段主要讲要与聪明的人在一起,分析选项可知,B项(和比你更聪明的人在一起。)符合题意。故选B项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了华兹华斯的一句话深深地影响了作者,作者决心将善意和爱的行为进行到底。
1.harder 考查形容词比较级。根据than可知,这里应是形容词比较级。故填harder。
2.to understand 考查非谓语动词。这里是“make sth +adj.+to do”结构。故填to understand。
3.and 考查并列连词。根据also可知,前后句之间为并列关系,用并列连词and连接前后句。故填and。
4.when 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,“…I read passages that gave me wisdom(智慧).”为定语从句,定语从句中缺少时间状语,用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。
5.conveyed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句子中已有谓语,空处应是非谓语作后置定语,wisdom与convey构成被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填conveyed。
6.with 考查介词。 “fill sth with…”为固定短语,意为“用……填满某物”。故填with。
7.their 考查形容词性物主代词。所填空是形容词性物主代词,作名词life的定语。故填their。
8.practised 考查动词时态。分析句子可知,“What would happen if all of us…acts of kindness and love all our lives ”是假设的一种情况,应用虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时。故填practised。
9.hating 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知,这里是“stop doing sth”,意为“停止做某事”。故填hating。
10.be transformed 考查动词时态和语态。空处为句子的谓语部分,与主语this world构成被动关系,结合would可知,此处是含有情态动词的被动结构would be done。故填be transformed。单元小测(Unit 2)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.She was very disheartened to hear that the holiday tour (cancel).
2.They supply many daily (necessity) to the city population.
3.At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to (equip) with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans.
4.How can I be happy when (face) with so many tiresome matters
5.Our school has just launched a campaign (promote) our awareness of environmental issues.
6.The store layout is designed to make every item easily (access) to customers, ensuring a smooth shopping experience.
7.When you live in an apartment building, where only a wall separates you from your neighbours, everyone needs to be (consider) of each other.
8.At first I thought his arithmetic was very poor, but reflection I realized I was wrong.
9.You may rely on that he will help you whenever you are in trouble, because he is a noble man.
10.In contrast his previous dishonesty, integrity is now a virtue he favours in all aspects of his life.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1. (忙着做) his homework, he didn’t have extra time to play golf.
2.He jumped to his feet and tried to (打开) the light, but it didn’t work.
3.When you are thrown a curve ball, do not (认输)—work hard, be careful not to score an own goal, and you are sure to make it!
4.Best of all, in my opinion, is how I feel about myself. I feel like I’m (控制) my own life.
5.Senior high school will help you learn and grow, yet you alone (有责任) realizing your great potential.
6.It was wise of him to have a little money (存储) for a rainy day.
7.He is likely to (发脾气) when children don’t obey him.
8.Members can borrow (多达) ten books from the library at a time.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.We will give individual help at the end of a lesson or after school, setting extra work .(省略结构)
如有必要,我们会在课程结束或放学后给予另外的辅导,还会安排额外的作业。
2.I noticed that by the window with headphones on her head. (全部倒装)
我注意到窗边坐着一个年轻女子, 头上戴着耳机。
3.The young man’s aim is after graduation.
那个年轻人的目标是毕业后开办一家自己的公司。
4.David said that
he chose the course. (强调句型)
戴维说他选择这门课是因为他对文学的浓厚兴趣。
5. a large number of migratory birds flying north and returning to Qinghai Lake.(无灵主语句)
每年春天,大量的候鸟北迁,重返青海湖。
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·河北沧州高二期末]
When we’re facing a complex problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. We’re looking to get the best ideas as quickly as possible. We love seeing it happen—except for one problem. Group brainstorming usually backfires.
Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we fail to maximize collective intelligence. Brainstorming groups fall so far short of their potential that we get more ideas—and better ideas—if we all work alone. As the humorist Dave Barry quipped (打趣),“If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.” But the problem isn’t meetings themselves—it’s how we run them.
To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’d better turn to a process called “brainwriting”. The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them anonymously (匿名地) among the group. To preserve independent judgement, each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the team come together to select and refine (完善) the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing and stating them, teams can discover and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.
An example of great brainwriting was in 2010 when 33 miners were trapped underground in Chile. With time of the essence, the rescue team didn’t hold long brainstorming sessions. They established a global brainwriting system to crowdsource independent ideas. A tiny plastic telephone ended up becoming the only means of communicating with the miners. And the specialized drill that ultimately made it possible to save the miners was suggested by a 24-year-old engineer.
Organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley helps to explain why this method works. They find that the key to collective intelligence is balanced participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s easy for participants to become in favour of the most powerful people. The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room—it’s to make the room smarter.
( )1.What does the underlined word “backfires” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Fails. B.Freezes.
C.Arises. D.Expands.
( )2.Why was Dave Barry mentioned in Paragraph 2
A.To explain the power of humour on efficiency.
B.To illustrate the drawback of brainstorming meetings.
C.To review the achievement of Dave Barry in history.
D.To show approaches to reaching human potential.
( )3.How does brainwriting differ from brainstorming according to the text
A.Brainstorming allows for more diverse thoughts.
B.Brainstorming involves sharing ideas anonymously.
C.Brainwriting requires teams to refine and polish ideas together.
D.Brainwriting involves individual idea generation and evaluation.
( )4.Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A.Why brainstorming doesn’t work
B.What brainstormers usually do
C.Why brainstorming boosts creativity
D.How we become the smartest person in the team
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·湖南岳阳高二期末]
Critical (批判的) thinking is the art of using reason to analyse ideas and dig deeper to get to our true potential. It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer. 1. Here are some tips and ideas to help you build a foundation for critical thinking.
Question your assumptions. We make a lot of assumptions about almost everything. It’s how our brain processes certain pieces of information, and how we get along in everyday life. You could say they are the foundation of our critical framework. 2. Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.
Don’t take information on authority until you’ve investigated it yourself. Instead of double-checking everything anyone says, we tend to label information as either coming from a trustworthy or not trustworthy source. This keeps us from double-checking every piece of information that comes to us, saving time and energy. But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don’t. 3.
Put yourself in other people’s shoes. Empathy can also help you develop your critical thinking skills. 4. You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behaviour. The deeper your insight into yourself and others, the wiser your decisions will be.
5. There is no way to learn better than learning from your friends. If you only want to be a big fish swimming in the little pond just because your ego (自负) feels good, keep this part. If you are wondering about how to develop critical thinking skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego.
A.Actually, it’s about thinking better.
B.Surround yourself with people smarter than you.
C.Be someone that people know they can count on.
D.You should not judge others until you fully understand their situation.
E.But what if they turned out to be wrong, or at least not entirely truthful
F.The reason is that understanding does not always go with the right action.
G.So what is published in a magazine or online doesn’t mean it’s necessarily true.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
When I decided to major in English, I thought it would be fun. However, it turned out to be much 1. (hard) than I thought it would be. The differences in the language over thousands of hundreds of years made many passages hard 2. (understand). Trying to understand Shakespeare and Chaucer gave me a headache 3. reading Byron and Shelley also took lots of effort. However, there were times 4. I read passages that gave me wisdom(智慧).
One of these was by William Wordsworth. It went, “The best portion(部分) of a good man’s life: his little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and love.” The first time I read it, I was deeply impressed by the wisdom 5. (convey) in it. Over the years I began to fill my days 6. acts of kindness and love.
What would happen if everyone followed Wordsworth’s wisdom and lived the best part of 7. (they) life What would happen if all of us 8. (practise) acts of kindness and love all our lives Would we stop 9. (hate) each other Would we put an end to war Would this world 10. (transform) into a beautiful, loving place Let’s all live our lives with acts of kindness and love. (共42张PPT)
单元小测 Unit 2
Ⅰ单句填空
1.She was very disheartened to hear that the holiday tour
_________________________ (cancel).
had been cancelled
2.They supply many daily ______________ (necessity) to the city
population.
necessities
3.At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to ______________
(equip) with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in
humans.
be equipped
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.How can I be happy when ________ (face) with so many tiresome
matters
faced
5.Our school has just launched a campaign _______________
(promote) our awareness of environmental issues.
to promote
6.The store layout is designed to make every item easily
_____________ (access) to customers, ensuring a smooth shopping
experience.
accessible
7.When you live in an apartment building, where only a wall
separates you from your neighbours, everyone needs to be
_______________(consider) of each other.
considerate
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.At first I thought his arithmetic was very poor, but _____
reflection I realized I was wrong.
on
9.You may rely on ___ that he will help you whenever you are in
trouble, because he is a noble man.
it
10.In contrast ____ his previous dishonesty, integrity is now a
virtue he favours in all aspects of his life.
to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ短语填空
1.___________________ (忙着做) his homework, he didn't have extra
time to play golf.
Occupied with
2.He jumped to his feet and tried to _______________________(打开)
the light, but it didn't work.
switch on/turn on
3.When you are thrown a curve ball, do not
________________________ (认输)—work hard, be careful not to score
an own goal, and you are sure to make it!
throw in the towel
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4.Best of all, in my opinion, is how I feel about myself. I feel like
I'm _________________(控制) my own life.
in control of
5.Senior high school will help you learn and grow, yet you alone
________________________(有责任) realizing your great potential.
are responsible for
6.It was wise of him to have a little money _____________ (存储) for
a rainy day.
put aside
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
7.He is likely to ____________________ (发脾气) when children don't
obey him.
lose his temper
8.Members can borrow ________(多达) ten books from the library at
a time.
up to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅲ句型训练
1.We will give individual help at the end of a lesson or after
school, setting extra work ________________.(省略结构)
如有必要，我们会在课程结束或放学后给予另外的辅导，还会安排额外的作业。
if necessary
2.I noticed that by the window __________________________ with
headphones on her head. (全部倒装)
我注意到窗边坐着一个年轻女子, 头上戴着耳机。
sat a young woman
1
2
3
4
5
3.The young man's aim is _________________________________________
___________ after graduation.
那个年轻人的目标是毕业后开办一家自己的公司。
to start up/set up his own company
4.David said that __________________________________________________
_________________ he chose the course. (强调句型)
戴维说他选择这门课是因为他对文学的浓厚兴趣。
it was because of his strong interest in literature that
5.___________________________________a large number of migratory
birds flying north and returning to Qinghai Lake.(无灵主语句)
每年春天,大量的候鸟北迁,重返青海湖。
Every spring sees/witnesses
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅳ阅读理解
[2024·河北沧州高二期末]
When we're facing a complex problem, we often gather a
group to brainstorm. We're looking to get the best ideas as quickly
as possible. We love seeing it happen—except for one problem.
Group brainstorming usually backfires.
1
2
3
4
Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas
together, we fail to maximize collective intelligence. Brainstorming
groups fall so far short of their potential that we get more ideas—
and better ideas—if we all work alone. As the humorist Dave Barry
quipped (打趣),“If you had to identify, in one word, the reason
why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its
full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.” But the problem
isn't meetings themselves—it's how we run them.
1
2
3
4
To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of
brainstorming, we'd better turn to a process called “brainwriting”.
The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate
ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them anonymously
(匿名地) among the group. To preserve independent judgement,
each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the
team come together to select and refine (完善) the most promising
options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before
choosing and stating them, teams can discover and advance
possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.
1
2
3
4
An example of great brainwriting was in 2010 when 33 miners
were trapped underground in Chile. With time of the essence, the
rescue team didn't hold long brainstorming sessions. They
established a global brainwriting system to crowdsource
independent ideas. A tiny plastic telephone ended up becoming
the only means of communicating with the miners. And the
specialized drill that ultimately made it possible to save the miners
was suggested by a 24-year-old engineer.
1
2
3
4
Organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley helps to explain
why this method works. They find that the key to collective
intelligence is balanced participation. In brainstorming meetings, it's
easy for participants to become in favour of the most powerful
people. The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are
brought to the table. The goal isn't to be the smartest person in
the room—it's to make the room smarter.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了头脑风暴经常不起作用的原因，提
出了改进的方式——“脑力写作法”。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.What does the underlined word “backfires” in
Paragraph 1 probably mean
A
A.Fails. B.Freezes. C.Arises. D.Expands.
1
2
3
4
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“When we're facing a complex
problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. We're looking to
get the best ideas as quickly as possible. We love seeing it
happen—except for one problem.”可知，当我们面对一个复杂的问题时，
我们往往会用头脑风暴解决它。我们试图通过头脑风暴尽快得到最好的主意，
但是它也有一个问题。画线词所在句承接上文，阐述头脑风暴的缺点。再根据
第二段“Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas
together, we fail to maximize collective intelligence.”可知，头脑风暴
很多时候无法最大限度地发挥集体智慧，最终以失败告终。由此推知，
backfires 与fails意思一致。故选A。
1
2
3
4
( ) 2.Why was Dave Barry mentioned in Paragraph 2
B
A.To explain the power of humour on efficiency.
B.To illustrate the drawback of brainstorming meetings.
C.To review the achievement of Dave Barry in history.
D.To show approaches to reaching human potential.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段“Extensive evidence shows that when
we generate ideas together, we fail to maximize collective
intelligence. Brainstorming groups fall so far short of their potential
that we get more ideas—and better ideas—if we all work alone.
1
2
3
4
As the humorist Dave Barry quipped (打趣),‘If you had to identify,
in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved,
and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be:
“meetings”.’” (大量证据表明，当我们一起思考时，我们无法最大限度
地发挥集体智慧。头脑风暴小组远远没有发挥出他们的潜力，如果我们都单独
工作，我们会得到更多、更好的想法。正如幽默作家Dave Barry打趣的那样：
“如果你必须用一个词来说明人类没有、也永远不会实现其全部潜力的原因，
这个词就是‘会议’。”)可知，作者首先指出，头脑风暴无法最大限度地发
挥集体智慧。然后作者引用幽默作家Dave Barry的话来佐证上面的观点。故
作者在第二段提到Dave Barry是为了说明头脑风暴的缺点。故选B。
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( ) 3.How does brainwriting differ from brainstorming
according to the text
D
A.Brainstorming allows for more diverse thoughts.
B.Brainstorming involves sharing ideas anonymously.
C.Brainwriting requires teams to refine and polish ideas together.
D.Brainwriting involves individual idea generation and evaluation.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段“To unearth the hidden potential in
teams, instead of brainstorming, we'd better turn to a process
called ‘brainwriting’. The initial steps are solo. You start by
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asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them
and share them anonymously (匿名地) among the group. To
preserve independent judgement, each member evaluates them on
their own. Only then does the team come together to select and
refine (完善) the most promising options. By developing and
assessing ideas individually before choosing and stating them,
teams can discover and advance possibilities that might not get
attention otherwise.” (为了挖掘团队隐藏的潜力，我们最好采用一种叫作
“脑力写作”的方法，而不是头脑风暴。最初的步骤是独自完成的。你首先要
求每个人分别提出想法。接下来，你将它们汇集在一起并在组中匿名共享。为
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了保持独立的判断，每个成员都自己评估。直到这时，团队才聚集在一起选择
和完善最有希望的选项。通过在选择和陈述想法之前单独扩展和评估想法，团
队可以发现和推进可能不被关注的可能性。)可知，脑力写作与头脑风暴的不
同之处在于其涉及产生和评估个人想法。故选D。
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( ) 4.Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A
A.Why brainstorming doesn't work
B.What brainstormers usually do
C.Why brainstorming boosts creativity
D.How we become the smartest person in the team
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[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一、二段主要阐述了头脑风暴的弊端。
文章第三段“To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of
brainstorming, we'd better turn to a process called ‘brainwriting’.”
承上启下，指出“脑力写作”能够激发团队隐藏的潜力。下文接着阐述其操作
步骤，并通过具体事例来阐述“脑力写作”更好。由此可知，本文主要探讨为
什么头脑风暴会不起作用，并提出了改进的方式。A选项“Why
brainstorming doesn't work ”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选A。
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Ⅴ阅读七选五
[2024·湖南岳阳高二期末]
Critical (批判的) thinking is the art of using reason to analyse
ideas and dig deeper to get to our true potential. It doesn't mean
you're thinking harder or longer. 1.___ Here are some tips and
ideas to help you build a foundation for critical thinking.
A
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Question your assumptions. We make a lot of assumptions
about almost everything. It's how our brain processes certain
pieces of information, and how we get along in everyday life. You
could say they are the foundation of our critical framework. 2.___
Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom
up.
E
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Don't take information on authority until you've investigated it
yourself. Instead of double-checking everything anyone says, we
tend to label information as either coming from a trustworthy or
not trustworthy source. This keeps us from double-checking every
piece of information that comes to us, saving time and energy. But
it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of
as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don't. 3.____
G
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Put yourself in other people's shoes. Empathy can also help
you develop your critical thinking skills. 4.____ You may find that a
little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people
and their behaviour. The deeper your insight into yourself and
others, the wiser your decisions will be.
D
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5.___ There is no way to learn better than learning from your
friends. If you only want to be a big fish swimming in the little
pond just because your ego (自负) feels good, keep this part. If
you are wondering about how to develop critical thinking skills,
make friends with smart people and throw away your ego.
B
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A.Actually, it's about thinking better.
B.Surround yourself with people smarter than you.
C.Be someone that people know they can count on.
D.You should not judge others until you fully understand their
situation.
E.But what if they turned out to be wrong, or at least not entirely
truthful
F.The reason is that understanding does not always go with the
right action.
G.So what is published in a magazine or online doesn't mean it's
necessarily true.
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【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。批判性思维是一种运用理性分析思想、深入开
发潜能的艺术。文章介绍了一些建立批判性思维的技巧：勇于质疑、学会共情，
为他人着想、与聪明的人相处等。
1.___
A
[解析] 本段是对批判性思维的定义。根据空前“It doesn't mean you're
thinking harder or longer.”可知，批判性思维并不意味着更努力地思考或
思考的时间更长，空处应是表示转折，接着进行解释。选项A(实际上，它关于
更好地思考。)符合语境，故选A项。
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2.___
E
[解析] 根据空后“Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt,
from the bottom up.”(那么整个基础就需要自下而上重建。)可推断，假设
是错误的，分析选项可知，E项(但是如果它们被证明是错误的，或者至少不是
完全真实的呢？)符合语境，与后文联系紧密。故选E项。
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3.____
G
[解析] 根据本段首句“Don't take information on authority until
you've investigated it yourself.”(在你自己调查之前，不要轻信权威方面
的信息。)及空前“But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of
things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even
when they don't.”(但它也使我们无法弄清我们认为来源可靠的事情的真相，
即使是在它们来自非可靠来源的时候。)可知，本段主要讲不要轻信权威，分
析选项可知，G项(所以一些内容在杂志或网络上发表了并不意味着就是真的。)
符合语境。故选G项。
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4.____
D
[解析] 根据本段主题句“Put yourself in other people's shoes.”可知，
本段主要讲述要设身处地为别人着想。结合空后“You may find that a
little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people
and their behaviour.”(你可能会发现，些许的理解有助于更深入地了解他人
及其行为。)可知，D项(在你没有完全了解别人的处境前，不要评价别人。)与
此处语义一致。故选D项。
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5.___
B
[解析] 空处是本段主题句。根据本段最后一句“If you are wondering
about how to develop critical thinking skills, make friends with
smart people and throw away your ego.”(如果你想知道如何培养批判
性思考的技能，就和聪明的人交朋友，抛弃你的自负。)可知，本段主要讲要
与聪明的人在一起，分析选项可知，B项(和比你更聪明的人在一起。)符合题
意。故选B项。
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Ⅵ语法填空
When I decided to major in English, I thought it would be fun.
However, it turned out to be much 1._________(hard) than I thought
it would be. The differences in the language over thousands of
hundreds of years made many passages hard 2.___________________
(understand). Trying to understand Shakespeare and Chaucer gave me a headache 3.______ reading Byron and Shelley also took lots of effort. However, there were times 4.________ I read passages that gave me wisdom(智慧).
harder
to understand
and
when
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One of these was by William Wordsworth. It went, “The best
portion(部分) of a good man's life: his little, nameless,
unremembered acts of kindness and love.” The first time I read it,
I was deeply impressed by the wisdom 5._____________(convey) in it.
Over the years I began to fill my days 6._______ acts of kindness
and love.
conveyed
with
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What would happen if everyone followed Wordsworth's wisdom
and lived the best part of 7._______(they) life What would happen
if all of us 8.____________(practise) acts of kindness and love all our
lives Would we stop 9._________(hate) each other Would we put
an end to war Would this world 10.____________________(transform)
into a beautiful, loving place Let's all live our lives with acts of
kindness and love.
their
practised
hating
be transformed
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【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了华兹华斯的一句话深深地
影响了作者,作者决心将善意和爱的行为进行到底。
1._________
harder
[解析] 考查形容词比较级。根据than可知,这里应是形容词比较级。故填
harder。
2.___________________
to understand
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。这里是“make sth +adj.+to do”结构。故填to
understand。
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3.______
and
[解析] 考查并列连词。根据also可知,前后句之间为并列关系,用并列连词and
连接前后句。故填and。
4.________
when
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,“…I read passages that gave me
wisdom(智慧).”为定语从句,定语从句中缺少时间状语,用关系副词when引导
从句。故填when。
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5._____________
conveyed
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句子中已有谓语,空处应是非谓语作后
置定语,wisdom与convey构成被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填conveyed。
6._______
with
[解析] 考查介词。 “fill sth with…”为固定短语,意为“用……填满某物”。
故填with。
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7._______
their
[解析] 考查形容词性物主代词。所填空是形容词性物主代词,作名词life的定语。
故填their。
8.____________
practised
[解析] 考查动词时态。分析句子可知,“What would happen if all of
us…acts of kindness and love all our lives ”是假设的一种情况，应用
虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时。故填practised。
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9._________
hating
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知,这里是“stop doing sth”,意为“停
止做某事”。故填hating。
10.____________________
be transformed
[解析] 考查动词时态和语态。空处为句子的谓语部分,与主语this world构成
被动关系,结合would可知,此处是含有情态动词的被动结构would be done。
故填be transformed。
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