Period Two Using language
语言精讲
1.(1)①全体演员 ②投射 ③选派角色 ④向……投以
(2)①cast an impatient look/glance at ②cast me a smile
2.(1)harmonious (2)living in harmony with nature
3.(1)①for ②rewarding (2)①was rewarded for ②was rewarded with
语法归纳
【实战演练】
1.it takes time to 2.It occurred to me that 3.It is reported that so far 10 people have been killed in the accident 4.It is convenient for people to travel by car nowadays 5.It was a great surprise to mePeriod Two Using language
Ⅰ.1.It is necessary to constantly analyse the data
2.It is no use crying over spilt milk
3.It struck me that
4.It doesn’t matter to us whether
5.It is believed that
6.It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words
Ⅱ.1.it is a waste of time engaging in activities
2.It was delightful that
3.It is reported that
4.It is not a problem whether
5.it is my power to
6.It is said that
Ⅲ.1.torn 2.moods 3.finally 4.combination
5.is played 6.in 7.a 8.It 9.spreading 10.to sing
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了在20世纪20年代,艾琳·格雷自学成才,勇敢地打破常规,成功建造了著名的E-1027。她的成功源于对独立思考的坚定信念,展现了个性和创新在建筑设计中的重要性。
1.C 根据上文“An outsider is not a strange person without friends.”和下文“…they are someone who challenges accepted values and perspectives.”可知,局外人不是一个没有朋友的奇怪的人,而是挑战被接受的价值观和观点的人。故选C。otherwise否则;therefore因此;instead相反地;moreover此外。
2.A 根据下文“However, brilliant work is always unconventional.”可知,卓越的工作总是不按常规。设空处与下文构成转折关系,说明教育体系教导你以传统方式思考。故选A。conventionally按照惯例;independently独立地;carefully小心地;constantly不断地。
3.D 根据上文“The self-taught may produce fresh…”和后文work可知,自学者可能会创作出新颖且创新的作品。故选D。 individual单独的;challenging艰巨的,有挑战性的; repetitive重复的;innovative创新的。
4.B 根据上文“In the 1920s, you needed strict qualifications to become an architect.”和strictly可推知,在20世纪20年代,成为一名建筑师需要严格的资格,而男性严格控制着对学术课程的准入。故选B。prevent阻碍,阻止; control控制;establish建立; provide提供。
5.C 根据上文“In the 1920s, you needed strict qualifications to become an architect.”和下文“Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up a hammer and nails, and made her…a reality. She taught herself the…an architect needed from books and evening classes.”可知,她拒绝接受传统的束缚,拒绝接受摆在她面前的传统规则。故选C。hesitate犹豫;attempt尝试;refuse拒绝,回绝;fail失败。
6.D 根据上文“Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up a hammer and nails…”和下文“She taught herself the…an architect needed from books and evening classes.”可知,格雷把她的设想变成了现实。故选D。memory记忆力;interest兴趣;life生活;vision想象,展望。
7.B 根据上文“Men strictly…access to academic courses.”可知,她没有接受传统的学校教育,由taught herself可知,此处格雷自学了建筑师所需的技能。故选B。demand要求;skill技能;standard标准;opportunity机会。
8.C 根据上文“Gray recognized that other architects’ work was predictable…”和下文the design rules of the profession可知,其他建筑师的作品很容易预测,因为他们严格遵循职业设计规则。故选C。turn to向……寻求帮助;apply to适用;stick to坚持,遵循;adapt to适应。
9.A 根据下文the same old designs and practices可知,知名的建筑公司一直在重复相同的旧设计和做法。故选A。repeat重复;assess评估;prove证明;replace替换。
10.A 根据上文“The famous architecture companies…the same old designs and practices.”和下文“…she would stand out.”可知,她意识到如果她不遵循传统的设计规则,以不同的方式设计,她会脱颖而出。故选A。differently不同地;separately分别地;enthusiastically热心地;objectively 客观地。
11.D 根据上文“No one in the system would help her, so she helped herself. Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up a hammer and nails, and made her…a reality. She taught herself the…an architect needed from books and evening classes.”可知,格雷并没有接受正规的建筑师培训,而是通过自学,从书籍和夜间课程中获取了必要的知识和技能。所以她是一个没有受过训练的人。故选D。insurance保险;connection联系,人脉;testing测试;training训练,培训。
12.C 根据上文“…build a house from the very beginning: attracting the finance, producing detailed plans of electrical circuits, plumbing…”可知,格雷独自设计电路、水管装置和结构形式。故选C。educational有教育意义的;artistic艺术(家)的;structural结构的;technical技术的。
13.A 根据下文“…international recognition as a masterpiece, and lots of design tasks flooded in.”可知,E-1027立即获得了国际认可。故选A。gain获得;seek寻找;deserve应得;sustain维持。
14.B 根据上文“It was called E-1027, a white beacon of enlightenment (启蒙灯塔). E-1027 immediately…international recognition as a masterpiece, and lots of design tasks flooded in.”和下文“…shocked architects who had spent years studying at university.”可知,她的成就震惊了在大学学习了多年的建筑师。故选B。treatment治疗;achievement成就; adjustment调整;advancement发展。
15.C 根据下文“…think and act independently contributed to her great success.”可知,自信促成了她的巨大成功。故选C。anxiety焦虑;curiosity好奇心;confidence自信; sympathy 同情。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。多元化的劳动力队伍由各行各业的人组成,它会给你带来多元化和全球化的视角。
1.A 根据上文“These are employees who will view the world differently, and who will apply their personal experience to contribute unique viewpoints which can benefit your company.”以及下文“There are still more real and immediate benefits of diversity in the workplace.”可知,此处上文说的是多元化的员工的好处,但还没说完,下文继续说,因此空白处应为上文和下文之间的过渡句,表示“还没说完”,与A项 (这还没有结束。)表达的含义一致,故选A项。
2.D 根据下文“They’re diverse too, after all.”可知,下文的they指代空白处提到的复数名词,D项(多元化的员工队伍也能让您更好地了解客户。)中的your customers与they对应,D项中diverse对应下文句子中的diverse,故选D项。
3.G 根据上文“If you only hire employees coming from similar cultures and socioeconomic circumstances, you’re limiting the creativity and innovation of your company.”可知,上文假设了一种情况,意在说明公司应雇用来自不同文化和背景的员工,与G项 (相反,来自不同背景的员工会带来不同的解决方案。)表达的含义一致,故选G项。
4.E 根据下文“No matter who they are or where they come from, this inclusiveness helps them break down barriers and reduce the fear of being rejected.”可知此处说的是多元化的工作场所有利于员工感受到被包容,与E项 (但多元化的工作场所文化有助于让员工感到被包容。)表达的含义一致,故选E项。
5.F 根据下文“A diverse workforce gives you a diverse and global perspective—a point of view rich in incredible slight differences in human experience and culture—and that means you will have a greater chance of expanding into more diverse markets, both at home and abroad.”可知,此处说的是职场多元化有助于在全球范围内发展业务,与F项 (除此之外,多元化可以帮助您在全球范围内成功发展业务。)表达的含义一致,故选F项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际著名建筑设计师贝聿铭先生和其设计的苏州博物馆。
1.an 考查冠词。此处表达“作为一名美籍建筑设计师”为泛指,且空后American的发音以元音音素开头,所以此处应用不定冠词an。故填an。
2.describing 考查非谓语动词。设空处是非谓语动词作状语,设空处和前面的connecting并列,句子主语scholars与动词describe构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应填现在分词表主动。故填describing。
3.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the city,设空处指代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。
4.to understand 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配a way to do sth意为“做某事的方法”,设空处应填动词不定式to understand。故填to understand。
5.for 考查介词。be famous for 意为“因……而出名”,符合句意,设空处填介词for。故填for。
6.Founded 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处为非谓语动词作状语,句子主语the Suzhou Museum与动词found之间为逻辑上的被动关系,设空处填过去分词founded表被动;设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Founded。
7.relics 考查名词复数。根据空前a number of significant Chinese cultural可知,设空处表复数概念,应填可数名词relic的复数形式relics,作宾语。故填relics。
8.was completed 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语;根据时间状语in October 2006可知,此处应该用一般过去时,主语a new museum和动词complete之间为被动关系,a new museum作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填was completed。
9.visually 考查副词。此处修饰动词adds,应填副词visually作状语。故填visually。
10.association 考查名词。设空处作in的宾语,所以应该使用名词形式。短语in association with意为“与……联合,与……合伙”,符合句意。故填association。Period Two Using language
1.cast (cast,cast) v. 选派(角色);扔;抛;掷;投射;向……投以(视线、笑容等) n.全体演员
(教材P54) Even now, to cast white actors as Asian characters is seen as acceptable by film studios. 即使是现在,电影制片厂也认为让白人演员扮演亚洲角色是可以接受的。
cast sb a glance/look/cast a glance/look at sb
看某人一眼
cast an eye over sth 迅速检查、浏览某物
cast sb a smile 冲某人一笑
cast a shadow/cloud over sth
给……蒙上阴影
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①Most of the cast was amazed by the play’s success.
②The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains.
③He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.
④He cast her an admiring glance.
(2)完成句子
①She Mitch and stormed out of the room.
她不耐烦地看了米奇一眼,怒气冲冲地走出了房间。(读后续写之动作描写)
②He , which eased my nervousness, suggesting that he had forgiven me.
他朝我笑了笑,这缓解了我的紧张,表明他已经原谅了我。(读后续写之动作描写)
2.harmonious adj.和睦的,融洽的
(教材P55)Rather, it’s about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world, so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.
相反,这是关于国家和人民共同努力,来共同创造一个更加和谐和宽容的世界,从而我们都能享受到互利。
harmony n. 融洽,和谐
in harmony with 与……协调一致
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
Without a (harmony) and stable environment, how can there be a home where people can live and work happily
(2)完成句子
The activity not only enables us to contribute to society by doing our bit but also makes us realize the importance of beautifying the environment and .
这项活动不仅使我们能够尽自己的一份力量为社会做出贡献,而且使我们意识到美化环境和与自然和谐相处的重要性。(话题写作之环境保护)
3.rewarding adj.值得做的,有意义的
(教材P56)It was rewarding to see how our work helped bring people together from different cultures. 看到我们的工作是如何帮助来自不同文化的人聚到一起的是有意义的。
reward v. 酬谢;奖励,奖赏
n. 奖励;回报;报酬
reward sb for (doing) sth
因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人
reward sb with sth 用某物奖赏/回报某人
as a reward for 作为对……的奖赏/回报
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The firemen were given a medal as a reward saving the child’s life.
②Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most (reward) experiences of my life.
(2)完成句子
①The man who saved a boy from drowning his act of courage.
那个救了一个溺水男孩的人因他的勇敢行为而受到奖励。
②Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai a magnificent view.
任何一个登上泰山之巅的人都欣赏到了美丽的风景。
“It” as an empty subject (it作形式主语)
1.基本概念:it作形式主语
it作形式主语时没有具体的意义,只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去,使句子显得平衡一些。it作形式主语时,可以代替三种形式:不定式、动名词和主语从句。
2.基本用法:
(1)it代替不定式短语,常用于下列句型中:
It+be+形容词+(for/of sb) to do sth.
It+be+名词+to do sth.
如:
It is essential for us to equip ourselves with common sense and basic skills.
我们掌握常识和基本技能是很必要的。
It is considerate of you to offer us timely and generous help.
你能给我们提供及时且慷慨的帮助真是太体贴了。
It is our duty not to cooperate with evil, just like we must cooperate with justice.
不与邪恶合作是我们的义务,就如同我们必须要与正义合作一样。
[注] “It be+形容词+for sb to do sth.”与“It be+形容词+of sb to do sth.”:如果句型中的形容词描述的是sb的品质、品格,在逻辑上可以作sb的表语,则sb前应用介词of,否则就用for。
(2)it代替动名词短语。
动名词短语作主语用后置形式的情况较少,常限于no good, no use, waste等的后面。
如:
It is no use discussing this with them, for they only care for their own interests.
和他们讨论这个是没有用的,因为他们只关心他们自己的利益。
It is a waste of time playing with mobile phone games without limits.
没有节制地玩手机游戏是浪费时间。
(3)it代替主语从句。该主语从句可以用连接词that引导,也可以用连接代词或连接副词引导。
如:
It is possible that the symptoms will not finally go until your nervous system is in a better state.
直到你的神经系统处于较好的状态之前,这些症状可能最终不会消失。
It is doubtful whether she will accept our offer and sign the contract.
她是否接受我们的报价并签署合同还很难说。
It is a mystery to me how the earth came into being.
地球是如何形成的对于我来说是一个谜。
[注] it作形式主语,把真正的主语从句移至后面的常见句型有:
It+be+名词(如: a pity/a shame/a fact/an honour/good news/no wonder/a wonder…)that…
It+be+形容词(如:strange/natural/surprising/obvious/true/fortunate/wonderful/funny/possible/impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/unusual/certain/important…)+that…
It seems/happens/turns out/suddenly strikes me/occurs to me…that…
It+be+过去分词(如:said/reported/announced/decided/expected/hoped/known/believed…)+that…
【实战演练】
● 句型训练(用it作形式主语)
1.I guess that get used to living in a new city.
我认为习惯在一个新的城市生活需要时间。
2. I could use the money to buy my mother a birthday present. (occur)
我忽然想到我可以用这些钱给母亲买件生日礼物。
3. .
据报道迄今为止已有10人在事故中丧生。
4. .
现在人们驾车旅游很方便。
5. that Jack should do a thing like that. (surprise n.)
杰克竟然做了一件那样的事时,我很吃惊。Period Two Using language
●Ⅰ 用it作形式主语改写下列句子
1.To constantly analyse the data before drawing any meaningful conclusions from the research study is necessary.
→ before drawing any meaningful conclusions from the research study.
2.Crying over spilt milk is no use.
→ .
3.That an unknown man was behaving pretty strangely in our building struck me.
→ an unknown man was behaving pretty strangely in our building.
4.Whether you agree to have a say or not doesn’t matter to us.
→ you agree to have a say or not.
5.He is believed to have finished his work ahead of time.
→ he has finished his work ahead of time.
6.That a picture is worth a thousand words is not always true.
→ .
●Ⅱ 语法+写作(用it作形式主语)
1.I think
that do not contribute to one’s personal development or economic well-being.(engage)
我认为从事对个人发展或经济福祉没有贡献的活动是浪费时间。
2. she passed the driving test on her first attempt. (delightful)
令人高兴的是她第一次尝试就通过了驾照考试。
3. the upcoming election will be closely competitive, with both candidates campaigning actively for support. 据报道,即将到来的选举将竞争激烈,两位候选人都将积极争取支持。
4. we can win the battle; it is just a matter of time.
我们能否赢得这场战斗不是个问题; 这只是时间问题。
5.You can rely on it that make the final decisions.(power)
你放心好了,我有能力做最后的决定。
6. about 45% of the modern English words come from French.
据说,大约45%的现代英语单词来自法语。
●Ⅲ 语篇语法填空
The violin concerto Butterfly Lovers I watched last night took me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young couple 1. (tear)apart by their families. This beautiful piece of music expresses different 2. (mood)—first light and pleasant, then fast and cheerful, followed by heavier notes and 3. (final) bittersweet. The piece is a perfect 4. (combine) of Chinese and Western music. It 5. (play)on Western instruments such as the violin, but much of the music has its roots 6. Chinese Yue Opera. It has made me realize that music is indeed 7. universal language.
Country music grew out of such music types as the blues and folk music, so the musicians use many similar instruments, such as the guitar. 8. turns out that country music became popular right here in the south of America in the 1940s, then 9. (spread) across the nation. Country music, whose tunes are easy 10. (sing) and lyrics often leave you deep in thought, makes you think of green fields and life of the countryside.
●Ⅳ 完形填空
[2024·江苏南京第九中学高二期末]
Do you ever feel like an outsider An outsider is not a strange person without friends. 1 , they are someone who challenges accepted values and perspectives. The education system teaches you to think 2 . However, brilliant work is always unconventional. The self-taught may produce fresh and 3 work.
Everything was against Eileen Gray. In the 1920s, you needed strict qualifications to become an architect. Men strictly 4 access to academic courses. Eileen Gray 5 to accept the conventional rules presented to her. No one in the system would help her, so she helped herself. Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up a hammer and nails, and made her 6 a reality. She taught herself the 7 an architect needed from books and evening classes. Gray recognized that other architects’ work was predictable because they were insiders 8 the design rules of the profession. The famous architecture companies 9 the same old designs and practices. She realized if she did things 10 she would stand out.
Imagine someone without 11 to build a house from the very beginning: attracting the finance, producing detailed plans of electrical circuits, plumbing, and 12 form, and then making it. In 1926, Gray began building a house near Monaco. It was called E-1027, a white beacon of enlightenment (启蒙灯塔). E-1027 immediately 13 international recognition as a masterpiece, and lots of design tasks flooded in. Her 14 shocked architects who had spent years studying at university. Gray’s 15 to think and act independently contributed to her great success.
( )1.A.Otherwise B.Therefore
C.Instead D.Moreover
( )2.A.conventionally B.independently
C.carefully D.constantly
( )3.A.individual B.challenging
C.repetitive D.innovative
( )4.A.prevented B.controlled
C.established D.provided
( )5.A.hesitated B.attempted
C.refused D.failed
( )6.A.memory B.interest
C.life D.vision
( )7.A.demands B.skills
C.standards D.opportunities
( )8.A.turning to B.applying to
C.sticking to D.adapting to
( )9.A.repeated B.assessed
C.proved D.replaced
( )10.A.differently B.separately
C.enthusiastically D.objectively
( )11.A.insurance B.connection
C.testing D.training
( )12.A.educational B.artistic
C.structural D.technical
( )13.A.gained B.sought
C.deserved D.sustained
( )14.A.treatment B.achievement
C.adjustment D.advancement
( )15.A.anxiety B.curiosity
C.confidence D.sympathy
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·陕西师范大学附属中学高二期末]
A diverse workforce consists of people from all walks of life. These are employees who will view the world differently, and who will apply their personal experience to contribute unique viewpoints which can benefit your company. 1. There are still more real and immediate benefits of diversity in the workplace.
When employees with different viewpoints come together, everyone shares a slightly different approach to the job and the problem at hand. And that’s a benefit, as far as your success is concerned. 2. They’re diverse too, after all.
Meanwhile, workplace diversity boosts creativity. Think about it this way: sameness causes sameness. If you only hire employees coming from similar cultures and socioeconomic circumstances, you’re limiting the creativity and innovation of your company. 3.
In general, people like to fit in, so they are careful not to stick their necks out. When in a strong, homogenous (同种类的) culture, they prevent the natural cognitive (认知的) diversity in groups through the pressure to follow the majority. 4. No matter who they are or where they come from, this inclusiveness helps them break down barriers and reduce the fear of being rejected.
5. A diverse workforce gives you a diverse and global perspective—a point of view rich in incredible slight differences in human experience and culture—and that means you will have a greater chance of expanding into more diverse markets, both at home and abroad.
A.And this just doesn’t end there.
B.Similarly, different voices will contribute to diversity.
C.Actually, diversity should be a major goal for every company.
D.A diverse workforce also gives you better insights into your customers.
E.But a workplace culture of diversity helps your employees feel included.
F.Beyond that, diversity can help you successfully develop your business globally.
G.On the contrary, employees from diverse backgrounds will bring diverse solutions.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
[2024·河北沧州高二期末]
Ieoh Ming Pei, an influential architect of the twentieth century, has created many cross-cultural projects. His distinctive identity—as 1. American architect born in China—gives him a special transnational background. Scholars typically try to locate his design inspirations in his childhood memories, connecting Pei with his dual-cultural (双文化) background and 2. (describe) his buildings based on his biography. Suzhou, the city 3. Pei’s family was located, is often mentioned by scholars as a way 4. (understand) I. M. Pei’s Chinese cultural background. The city is famous 5. its architecture and landscape, especially its ancient gardens.
6. (found) in 1960 and originally located in the national historic landmark, Zhong Wang Fu Palace complex, the Suzhou Museum has been a highly-regarded regional museum with a number of significant Chinese cultural 7. (relic).
A new museum designed by world-famous architect I. M. Pei 8. (complete) in October 2006, covering over 10,700 square metres and located at the cross of Dongbei Street and Qimen Road. The design of this new museum 9. (visual) adds to the traditional architecture of Zhong Wang Fu. I. M. Pei designed the current building of the Suzhou Museum in 10. (associate) with Pei Partnership Architects at the beginning of the twenty-first century. (共59张PPT)
Period Two
Using language
语言精讲
语法归纳
练习册
1.cast (cast,cast) v. 选派(角色);扔;抛;掷;投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)
n.全体演员
(教材P54) Even now, to cast white actors as Asian characters is
seen as acceptable by film studios. 即使是现在，电影制片厂也认为让白
人演员扮演亚洲角色是可以接受的。
cast sb a glance/look/cast a glance/look at sb 看某人一眼
cast an eye over sth 迅速检查、浏览某物
cast sb a smile 冲某人一笑
cast a shadow/cloud over sth 给……蒙上阴影
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①Most of the cast was amazed by the play's success.___________
②The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains._______
③He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.
___________
④He cast her an admiring glance. _____________
全体演员
投射
选派角色
向……投以
(2)完成句子
①She _________________________________________Mitch and stormed
out of the room.
她不耐烦地看了米奇一眼，怒气冲冲地走出了房间。(读后续写之动作描写)
cast an impatient look/glance at
②He _____________________, which eased my nervousness,
suggesting that he had forgiven me.
他朝我笑了笑,这缓解了我的紧张,表明他已经原谅了我。(读后续写之动作描写)
cast me a smile
2.harmonious adj.和睦的,融洽的
(教材P55)Rather, it's about countries and people making a joint
effort to come together to create a more harmonious and
understanding world, so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.
相反,这是关于国家和人民共同努力,来共同创造一个更加和谐和宽容的世界,从
而我们都能享受到互利。
harmony n. 融洽,和谐
in harmony with 与……协调一致
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
Without a _______________ (harmony) and stable environment, how
can there be a home where people can live and work happily
harmonious
(2)完成句子
The activity not only enables us to contribute to society by doing
our bit but also makes us realize the importance of beautifying the
environment and _____________________________________.
这项活动不仅使我们能够尽自己的一份力量为社会做出贡献,而且使我们意识到
美化环境和与自然和谐相处的重要性。(话题写作之环境保护)
living in harmony with nature
3.rewarding adj.值得做的,有意义的
(教材P56)It was rewarding to see how our work helped bring
people together from different cultures. 看到我们的工作是如何帮助来
自不同文化的人聚到一起的是有意义的。
reward v. 酬谢;奖励,奖赏
n. 奖励;回报;报酬
reward sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人
reward sb with sth 用某物奖赏/回报某人
as a reward for 作为对……的奖赏/回报
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The firemen were given a medal as a reward _____ saving the
child's life.
②Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet
most _____________ (reward) experiences of my life.
for
rewarding
(2)完成句子
①The man who saved a boy from drowning
_______________________ his act of courage.
那个救了一个溺水男孩的人因他的勇敢行为而受到奖励。
was rewarded for
②Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai
________________________ a magnificent view.
任何一个登上泰山之巅的人都欣赏到了美丽的风景。
was rewarded with
“It” as an empty subject (it作形式主语)
1.基本概念:it作形式主语
it作形式主语时没有具体的意义,只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去,使句子
显得平衡一些。it作形式主语时,可以代替三种形式:不定式、动名词和主语从句。
2.基本用法:
(1)it代替不定式短语,常用于下列句型中:
It+be+形容词+(for/of sb) to do sth.
It+be+名词+to do sth.
如:
It is essential for us to equip ourselves with common sense and
basic skills.
我们掌握常识和基本技能是很必要的。
It is considerate of you to offer us timely and generous help.
你能给我们提供及时且慷慨的帮助真是太体贴了。
It is our duty not to cooperate with evil, just like we must
cooperate with justice.
不与邪恶合作是我们的义务,就如同我们必须要与正义合作一样。
［注］ “It be+形容词+for sb to do sth.”与“It be+形容词+of sb to
do sth.”:如果句型中的形容词描述的是sb的品质、品格,在逻辑上可以作sb的
表语,则sb前应用介词of,否则就用for。
(2)it代替动名词短语。
动名词短语作主语用后置形式的情况较少,常限于no good, no use, waste等
的后面。
如:
It is no use discussing this with them, for they only care for their
own interests.
和他们讨论这个是没有用的,因为他们只关心他们自己的利益。
It is a waste of time playing with mobile phone games without
limits.
没有节制地玩手机游戏是浪费时间。
(3)it代替主语从句。该主语从句可以用连接词that引导,也可以用连接代词或连
接副词引导。
如:
It is possible that the symptoms will not finally go until your
nervous system is in a better state.
直到你的神经系统处于较好的状态之前，这些症状可能最终不会消失。
It is doubtful whether she will accept our offer and sign the
contract. 她是否接受我们的报价并签署合同还很难说。
It is a mystery to me how the earth came into being.
地球是如何形成的对于我来说是一个谜。
［注］ it作形式主语,把真正的主语从句移至后面的常见句型有:
It+be+名词(如: a pity/a shame/a fact/an honour/good news/no
wonder/a wonder…)that…
It+be+形容词(如:strange/natural/surprising/obvious/true/fortunate
/wonderful/funny/possible/impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/unusual/
certain/important…)+that…
It seems/happens/turns out/suddenly strikes me/occurs to
me…that…
It+be+过去分词(如:said/reported/announced/decided/expected/
hoped/known/believed…)+that…
【实战演练】
句型训练(用it作形式主语)
1.I guess that ____________________ get used to living in a new city.
我认为习惯在一个新的城市生活需要时间。
it takes time to
2._____________________________ I could use the money to buy my
mother a birthday present. (occur)
我忽然想到我可以用这些钱给母亲买件生日礼物。
It occurred to me that
3.__________________________________________________________________
___________________.
据报道迄今为止已有10人在事故中丧生。
It is reported that so far 10 people have been killed in the accident
4.__________________________________________________________________.
现在人们驾车旅游很方便。
It is convenient for people to travel by car nowadays
5._____________________________________that Jack should do a thing
like that. (surprise n.)
杰克竟然做了一件那样的事时,我很吃惊。
It was a great surprise to me
练 习 册
Ⅰ用it作形式主语改写下列句子
1.To constantly analyse the data before drawing any meaningful
conclusions from the research study is necessary.
→_________________________________________________________ before
drawing any meaningful conclusions from the research study.
It is necessary to constantly analyse the data
2.Crying over spilt milk is no use.
→__________________________________________.
It is no use crying over spilt milk
1
2
3
4
5
6
3.That an unknown man was behaving pretty strangely in our
building struck me.
→______________________ an unknown man was behaving pretty
strangely in our building.
It struck me that
4.Whether you agree to have a say or not doesn't matter to us.
→________________________________________ you agree to have a say
or not.
It doesn't matter to us whether
1
2
3
4
5
6
5.He is believed to have finished his work ahead of time.
→_______________________ he has finished his work ahead of time.
It is believed that
6.That a picture is worth a thousand words is not always true.
→__________________________________________________________________
___________________.
It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅱ语法+写作(用it作形式主语)
1.I think _____________________________________________________ that
do not contribute to one's personal development or economic
well-being.(engage)
我认为从事对个人发展或经济福祉没有贡献的活动是浪费时间。
it is a waste of time engaging in activities
2.___________________________she passed the driving test on her first
attempt. (delightful)
令人高兴的是她第一次尝试就通过了驾照考试。
It was delightful that
1
2
3
4
5
6
3._______________________ the upcoming election will be closely
competitive, with both candidates campaigning actively for support.
据报道，即将到来的选举将竞争激烈，两位候选人都将积极争取支持。
It is reported that
4.___________________________________ we can win the battle; it is
just a matter of time.
我们能否赢得这场战斗不是个问题; 这只是时间问题。
It is not a problem whether
1
2
3
4
5
6
5.You can rely on it that _______________________ make the final
decisions.(power)
你放心好了,我有能力做最后的决定。
it is my power to
6.__________________about 45% of the modern English words come
from French.
据说，大约45%的现代英语单词来自法语。
It is said that
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅲ语篇语法填空
The violin concerto Butterfly Lovers I watched last night took
me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young
couple 1._______(tear)apart by their families. This beautiful piece of
music expresses different 2.__________ (mood)—first light and
pleasant, then fast and cheerful, followed by heavier notes and
3._________(final) bittersweet. The piece is a perfect
4.________________(combine) of Chinese and Western music. It
5.____________ (play)on Western instruments such as the violin, but
torn
moods
finally
combination
is played
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
much of the music has its roots 6.____Chinese Yue Opera. It has
made me realize that music is indeed 7.___universal language.
Country music grew out of such music types as the blues and
folk music, so the musicians use many similar instruments, such as
the guitar. 8.___ turns out that country music became popular right
here in the south of America in the 1940s, then 9._____________
(spread) across the nation. Country music, whose tunes are easy
10.__________(sing) and lyrics often leave you deep in thought,
makes you think of green fields and life of the countryside.
in
a
It
spreading
to sing
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅳ完形填空
[2024·江苏南京第九中学高二期末]
Do you ever feel like an outsider An outsider is not a strange
person without friends. . .1. ., they are someone who challenges
accepted values and perspectives. The education system teaches
you to think . .2. .. However, brilliant work is always unconventional.
The self-taught may produce fresh and . .3. . work.
Everything was against Eileen Gray. In the 1920s, you needed
strict qualifications to become an architect.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Men strictly . .4. . access to academic courses. Eileen Gray . .5. . to
accept the conventional rules presented to her. No one in the
system would help her, so she helped herself. Gray rolled up her
sleeves, picked up a hammer and nails, and made her . .6. . a reality.
She taught herself the . .7. . an architect needed from books and
evening classes. Gray recognized that other architects' work was
predictable because they were insiders . .8. . the design rules of the
profession. The famous architecture companies . .9. . the same old
designs and practices. She realized if she did things . .10. . she
would stand out.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Imagine someone without . .11. . to build a house from the very
beginning: attracting the finance, producing detailed plans of
electrical circuits, plumbing, and . .12. . form, and then making it. In
1926, Gray began building a house near Monaco. It was called E-
1027, a white beacon of enlightenment (启蒙灯塔). E-1027
immediately . .13. . international recognition as a masterpiece, and
lots of design tasks flooded in. Her . .14. . shocked architects who
had spent years studying at university. Gray's . .15. . to think and act
independently contributed to her great success.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了在20世纪20年代，艾
琳·格雷自学成才，勇敢地打破常规，成功建造了著名的E-1027。她的成功源
于对独立思考的坚定信念，展现了个性和创新在建筑设计中的重要性。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 1.A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.Instead D.Moreover
C
[解析] 根据上文“An outsider is not a strange person without
friends.”和下文“…they are someone who challenges accepted
values and perspectives.”可知，局外人不是一个没有朋友的奇怪的人，而
是挑战被接受的价值观和观点的人。故选C。otherwise否则；therefore因此；
instead相反地；moreover此外。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 2.A.conventionally B.independently
C.carefully D.constantly
A
[解析] 根据下文“However, brilliant work is always unconventional.”
可知，卓越的工作总是不按常规。设空处与下文构成转折关系，说明教育体系
教导你以传统方式思考。故选A。conventionally按照惯例；independently
独立地；carefully小心地；constantly不断地。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 3.A.individual B.challenging C.repetitive D.innovative
D
[解析] 根据上文“The self-taught may produce fresh…”和后文work可
知，自学者可能会创作出新颖且创新的作品。故选D。 individual单独的；
challenging艰巨的，有挑战性的； repetitive重复的；innovative创新的。
( ) 4.A.prevented B.controlled C.established D.provided
B
[解析] 根据上文“In the 1920s, you needed strict qualifications to
become an architect.”和strictly可推知，在20世纪20年代，成为一名建筑
师需要严格的资格，而男性严格控制着对学术课程的准入。故选B。prevent
阻碍，阻止； control控制；establish建立； provide提供。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 5.A.hesitated B.attempted C.refused D.failed
C
[解析] 根据上文“In the 1920s, you needed strict qualifications to
become an architect.”和下文“Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up
a hammer and nails, and made her…a reality. She taught herself
the…an architect needed from books and evening classes.”可知，她
拒绝接受传统的束缚，拒绝接受摆在她面前的传统规则。故选C。hesitate犹
豫；attempt尝试；refuse拒绝，回绝；fail失败。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 6.A.memory B.interest C.life D.vision
D
[解析] 根据上文“Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up a hammer
and nails…”和下文“She taught herself the…an architect needed
from books and evening classes.”可知，格雷把她的设想变成了现实。故
选D。memory记忆力；interest兴趣；life生活；vision想象，展望。
( ) 7.A.demands B.skills C.standards D.opportunities
B
[解析] 根据上文“Men strictly…access to academic courses.”可知，她
没有接受传统的学校教育，由taught herself可知，此处格雷自学了建筑师所
需的技能。故选B。demand要求；skill技能；standard标准；opportunity
机会。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 8.A.turning to B.applying to C.sticking to D.adapting to
C
[解析] 根据上文“Gray recognized that other architects' work was
predictable…”和下文the design rules of the profession可知，其他建筑
师的作品很容易预测，因为他们严格遵循职业设计规则。故选C。turn to
向……寻求帮助；apply to适用；stick to坚持，遵循；adapt to适应。
( ) 9.A.repeated B.assessed C.proved D.replaced
A
[解析] 根据下文the same old designs and practices可知，知名的建筑公
司一直在重复相同的旧设计和做法。故选A。repeat重复；assess评估；
prove证明；replace替换。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 10.A.differently B.separately
C.enthusiastically D.objectively
A
[解析] 根据上文“The famous architecture companies…the same old
designs and practices.”和下文“…she would stand out.”可知，她意
识到如果她不遵循传统的设计规则，以不同的方式设计，她会脱颖而出。故选
A。differently不同地；separately分别地；enthusiastically热心地；
objectively 客观地。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 11.A.insurance B.connection C.testing D.training
D
[解析] 根据上文“No one in the system would help her, so she
helped herself. Gray rolled up her sleeves, picked up a hammer
and nails, and made her…a reality. She taught herself the…an
architect needed from books and evening classes.”可知，格雷并没有
接受正规的建筑师培训，而是通过自学，从书籍和夜间课程中获取了必要的知
识和技能。所以她是一个没有受过训练的人。故选D。insurance保险；
connection联系，人脉；testing测试；training训练，培训。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 12.A.educational B.artistic C.structural D.technical
C
[解析] 根据上文“…build a house from the very beginning:
attracting the finance, producing detailed plans of electrical circuits,
plumbing…”可知，格雷独自设计电路、水管装置和结构形式。故选C。
educational有教育意义的；artistic艺术(家)的；structural结构的；technical
技术的。
( ) 13.A.gained B.sought C.deserved D.sustained
A
[解析] 根据下文“…international recognition as a masterpiece, and
lots of design tasks flooded in.”可知，E-1027立即获得了国际认可。故
选A。gain获得；seek寻找；deserve应得；sustain维持。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 14.A.treatment B.achievement
C.adjustment D.advancement
B
[解析] 根据上文“It was called E-1027, a white beacon of
enlightenment (启蒙灯塔). E-1027 immediately…international
recognition as a masterpiece, and lots of design tasks flooded in.”
和下文“…shocked architects who had spent years studying at
university.”可知，她的成就震惊了在大学学习了多年的建筑师。故选B。
treatment治疗；achievement成就； adjustment调整；advancement发展。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 15.A.anxiety B.curiosity C.confidence D.sympathy
C
[解析] 根据下文“…think and act independently contributed to her
great success.”可知，自信促成了她的巨大成功。故选C。anxiety焦虑；
curiosity好奇心；confidence自信； sympathy 同情。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Ⅴ阅读七选五
[2024·陕西师范大学附属中学高二期末]
A diverse workforce consists of people from all walks of life.
These are employees who will view the world differently, and who
will apply their personal experience to contribute unique viewpoints
which can benefit your company. 1.___ There are still more real
and immediate benefits of diversity in the workplace.
A
1
2
3
4
5
When employees with different viewpoints come together,
everyone shares a slightly different approach to the job and the
problem at hand. And that's a benefit, as far as your success is
concerned. 2.____ They're diverse too, after all.
Meanwhile, workplace diversity boosts creativity. Think about it
this way: sameness causes sameness. If you only hire employees
coming from similar cultures and socioeconomic circumstances,
you're limiting the creativity and innovation of your company.
3.____
D
G
1
2
3
4
5
In general, people like to fit in, so they are careful not to stick
their necks out. When in a strong, homogenous (同种类的) culture,
they prevent the natural cognitive (认知的) diversity in groups
through the pressure to follow the majority. 4.___ No matter who
they are or where they come from, this inclusiveness helps them
break down barriers and reduce the fear of being rejected.
5.___ A diverse workforce gives you a diverse and global
perspective—a point of view rich in incredible slight differences in
human experience and culture—and that means you will have a
greater chance of expanding into more diverse markets, both at
home and abroad.
E
F
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A.And this just doesn't end there.
B.Similarly, different voices will contribute to diversity.
C.Actually, diversity should be a major goal for every company.
D.A diverse workforce also gives you better insights into your
customers.
E.But a workplace culture of diversity helps your employees feel
included.
F.Beyond that, diversity can help you successfully develop your
business globally.
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G.On the contrary, employees from diverse backgrounds will bring
diverse solutions.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。多元化的劳动力队伍由各行各业的人组成，它
会给你带来多元化和全球化的视角。
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1.___
A
[解析] 根据上文“These are employees who will view the world
differently, and who will apply their personal experience to
contribute unique viewpoints which can benefit your company.”以
及下文“There are still more real and immediate benefits of
diversity in the workplace.”可知，此处上文说的是多元化的员工的好处，
但还没说完，下文继续说，因此空白处应为上文和下文之间的过渡句，表示
“还没说完”，与A项 (这还没有结束。)表达的含义一致，故选A项。
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2.____
D
[解析] 根据下文“They're diverse too, after all.”可知，下文的they指代
空白处提到的复数名词，D项(多元化的员工队伍也能让您更好地了解客户。)
中的your customers与they对应，D项中diverse对应下文句子中的diverse，
故选D项。
3.____
G
[解析] 根据上文“If you only hire employees coming from similar
cultures and socioeconomic circumstances, you're limiting the
creativity and innovation of your company.”可知，上文假设了一种情
况，意在说明公司应雇用来自不同文化和背景的员工，与G项 (相反，来自不
同背景的员工会带来不同的解决方案。)表达的含义一致，故选G项。
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4.___
E
[解析] 根据下文“No matter who they are or where they come from,
this inclusiveness helps them break down barriers and reduce the
fear of being rejected.”可知此处说的是多元化的工作场所有利于员工感受
到被包容，与E项 (但多元化的工作场所文化有助于让员工感到被包容。)表达
的含义一致，故选E项。
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5.___
F
[解析] 根据下文“A diverse workforce gives you a diverse and global
perspective—a point of view rich in incredible slight differences in
human experience and culture—and that means you will have a
greater chance of expanding into more diverse markets, both at
home and abroad.”可知，此处说的是职场多元化有助于在全球范围内发展
业务，与F项 (除此之外，多元化可以帮助您在全球范围内成功发展业务。)表
达的含义一致，故选F项。
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Ⅵ语法填空
[2024·河北沧州高二期末]
Ieoh Ming Pei, an influential architect of the twentieth century,
has created many cross-cultural projects. His distinctive identity—as
1._____ American architect born in China—gives him a special
transnational background. Scholars typically try to locate his design
inspirations in his childhood memories, connecting Pei with his
dual-cultural (双文化) background and 2.______________ (describe) his
buildings based on his biography. Suzhou, the city 3._________ Pei's
an
describing
where
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family was located, is often mentioned by scholars as a way
4.___________________ (understand) I. M. Pei's Chinese cultural
background. The city is famous 5._____ its architecture and
landscape, especially its ancient gardens.
6.____________ (found) in 1960 and originally located in the
national historic landmark, Zhong Wang Fu Palace complex, the
Suzhou Museum has been a highly-regarded regional museum with
a number of significant Chinese cultural 7.________ (relic).
A new museum designed by world-famous architect I. M. Pei
8.____________________ (complete) in October 2006, covering over
to understand
for
Founded
relics
was completed
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10,700 square metres and located at the cross of Dongbei Street
and Qimen Road. The design of this new museum 9.__________
(visual) adds to the traditional architecture of Zhong Wang Fu. I. M.
Pei designed the current building of the Suzhou Museum in
10._______________ (associate) with Pei Partnership Architects at the
beginning of the twenty-first century.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际著名建筑设计师贝聿铭先生和
其设计的苏州博物馆。
visually
association
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1._____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。此处表达“作为一名美籍建筑设计师”为泛指，且空后
American的发音以元音音素开头，所以此处应用不定冠词an。故填an。
2.______________
describing
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。设空处是非谓语动词作状语，设空处和前面的
connecting并列，句子主语scholars与动词describe构成逻辑上的主谓关系，
应填现在分词表主动。故填describing。
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3
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3._________
where
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰
先行词the city，设空处指代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词
where。故填where。
4.___________________
to understand
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配a way to do sth意为“做某事的方法”，
设空处应填动词不定式to understand。故填to understand。
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3
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6
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8
9
10
5._____
for
[解析] 考查介词。be famous for 意为“因……而出名”，符合句意，设空
处填介词for。故填for。
6.____________
Founded
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词作状语，
句子主语the Suzhou Museum与动词found之间为逻辑上的被动关系，设空
处填过去分词founded表被动；设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填
Founded。
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3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7.________
relics
[解析] 考查名词复数。根据空前a number of significant Chinese
cultural可知，设空处表复数概念，应填可数名词relic的复数形式relics，作宾
语。故填relics。
8.____________________
was completed
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中
作谓语；根据时间状语in October 2006可知，此处应该用一般过去时，主语
a new museum和动词complete之间为被动关系，a new museum作主语，
谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填was completed。
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9.__________
visually
[解析] 考查副词。此处修饰动词adds，应填副词visually作状语。故填
visually。
10._______________
association
[解析] 考查名词。设空处作in的宾语，所以应该使用名词形式。短语in
association with意为“与……联合，与……合伙”，符合句意。故填
association。
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