Period Four Writing
【单元主题表达】
【主题短语】
1.introduce one of the famous mountains in China to you
2.a wonderful mountain landscape
3.biological diversity
4.endangered plant and animal species
5.one of the first national nature reserves
6.represent one of the country’s greatest achievements in environmental protection
7.a summer resort
8.in conclusion/all in all/in a word
【高级句式】
1.It’s my great honour to be here to introduce
2.Located in; with a total area of
3.In conclusion; if you visit; please come to; where
【连贯成文】
1.It’s my great honour to be here to introduce one of the famous mountains in China to you
2.with a total area of about 400 square kilometres
3.Visiting Fanjing Mountain has become a “must” for anyone visiting Guizhou
4.As one of the first national nature reserves in China
5.is renowned for its breathtaking scenery
6.where you will have an unforgettable experience
【活学活用】
One possible version:
Dear fellow schoolmates,
Do you have books piling up in corners An activity entitled “Devote Your Love by Donating a Book” held by our school this month can help you find a perfect destination for these used books.
These donated books will finally be packed and delivered to children with a burning passion for reading.Dedicated to helping children in poverty-stricken areas to enjoy the fun of reading, this activity is worth your attention. Books can better link them with the world, stimulating their passion for knowledge and inspiring them with hope.
One book may seem trivial, but one book per student in our school can make a big difference. Please join us in this empowerment activity.Period Four Writing
Ⅰ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴西科学家发现当地亚马逊森林中的黑土可能可以帮助人们恢复森林生态系统,这种黑土富含有益的微生物,有助于土壤成分的转化,帮助植物的生长,但这种黑土形成所需的时间较长,因此科学家只能通过复刻其特征来尝试恢复自然栖息地。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Brazilian scientists think they might have found a way to reverse the damage caused by deforestation and turn farmland back into forest. The secret lies in ancient local knowledge of soil.” (巴西科学家认为,他们可能已经找到了一种方法来扭转森林砍伐造成的破坏,让农田重新变成森林。秘密在于当地古老的土壤知识。)可知,这些科学家在尝试恢复被破坏的森林。故选A项。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Amazonian people, today known as Amerindians, created ADE using charcoal from fires, animal bones, food waste and poo. It contains microbes, including bacteria that help to turn chemicals in the soil into useful nutrients that feed plants and trees.” (亚马逊人,今天被称为印第安人,用木炭、动物骨头、食物垃圾和粪便创造了亚马逊黑土。它含有微生物,包括有助于将土壤中的化学物质转化为植物和树木所需的有用的营养物质的细菌。)可知,亚马逊黑土的特别之处在于亚马逊人创造它的方法使它最终含有一些细菌,有利于土壤成分的转化。故选D项。
3.C 段落大意题。根据第三段中“Scientists are looking for a way to turn grassland back into rainforest and revive forest ecosystems. These support thousands of animal and plant species, many of them unique to the area. Forests also absorb lots of carbon dioxide, a gas that causes climate change.” (科学家们正在寻找一种将草原变回雨林并恢复森林生态系统的方法。这些系统滋养成千上万的动植物物种,其中许多是该地区独有的。森林还会吸收大量二氧化碳,这是一种导致气候变化的气体。)可知,本段主要介绍恢复森林生态系统带来的好处,包括滋养特有的生物,以及吸收二氧化碳,即森林生态系统的重要性。故选C项。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Team member, Dr Siu Mui Tsai, said that instead they want to try and ‘copy its characteristics’, especially its helpful microbes, and see if it could help to restore natural habitats.” (团队成员Siu Mui Tsai博士说,相反,他们想尝试“复制它的特征”,尤其是它的有益微生物,看看它是否有助于恢复自然栖息地。)可知,他们希望通过创造与亚马逊黑土类似的物质,尤其是其中的有益微生物,来恢复自然栖息地。由此推知,Dr Siu会赞同“微生物对森林的恢复是有益的”的观点。故选C项。
B
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了蝴蝶对植物是有益的还是有害的。
5.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“However, upon coming into contact with the eggs, the plants become oversensitive. It means that once a plant recognizes a pest, it will cause death in the contacted plant part. When these dead leaves or partial leaf parts break away from the plant, the eggs on them fall off.”(然而,一旦接触到卵,植物就会变得过度敏感。这意味着一旦植物识别出害虫,这就会导致与之接触的植物部分死亡。当这些枯叶或部分叶子从植物上脱落时,上面的卵就会脱落。)可知,植物试图摆脱蝴蝶的卵。故选A。
6.C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Most caterpillars feed on the leaves of the plants, damaging some of the plants in your own garden. Incredibly, they are major plant pests that bring about major losses to farmers.”(大多数毛毛虫以植物的叶子为食,在你自己的花园里破坏一些植物。令人难以置信的是,它们是给农民带来重大损失的主要植物害虫。)可知,蝴蝶的毛毛虫阶段对农业的危害最大。故选C。
7.B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Plants that have flowers will create some special features to draw these pollinators’ attention. Certain plants have flowers giving off smells that can charm butterflies when they are looking for a mate. Some plants even have flat flowers to assist butterflies when they are landing.”(有花的植物会创造出一些特殊的特征来吸引这些传粉者的注意。某些植物的花朵散发出气味,可以吸引寻找配偶的蝴蝶。有些植物甚至有扁平的花朵来帮助蝴蝶着陆。)可知,作者在第四段主要展示了植物如何吸引蝴蝶。故选B。
8.D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“We all love butterflies. Their beautiful wings attract us, and their presence lights up our garden. Well, that’s our view of butterflies, but have you ever wondered what plants think of them ”(我们都喜欢蝴蝶。它们美丽的翅膀吸引着我们,它们的出现让我们的花园大放光彩。好吧,这是我们对蝴蝶的看法,但是你有没有想过植物是怎么看待它们的 )和文章最后一段“Butterflies aid in pollination during their final adult stage. Thus, they change into beneficial insects to plants. This change makes butterflies an important friend of plants, despite being a hated enemy in previous life cycle stages!”(蝴蝶在它们最后的成虫阶段帮助授粉。因此,它们变成了植物的益虫。这种变化使蝴蝶成为植物的重要朋友,尽管它们在以前的生命周期阶段是一个讨厌的敌人!)可知,文章主要讨论了蝴蝶对植物是有益的还是有害的。故选D。
Ⅱ.第一节
One possible version:
Notice
We are more than delighted to announce that our club will organize a visit to a wastewater treatment plant this Saturday.
We will gather at the school gate at 9 o’clock in the morning and take a bus. During the visit, we will have the opportunity to see how different wastewater treatment technologies work and how they contribute to ensuring our water resources remain clean and sustainable.
Not only will this activity enhance our knowledge of wastewater treatment, but also it will raise our awareness of environmental protection. More students are welcome to participate in this activity and make the most of this valuable learning experience.
School Environmental Club
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以事件为线索展开,讲述了作者在华盛顿州一家著名的提供住宿和早餐的乡村旅馆做花园管理员,在工作期间她和母鹿Dinner之间由最开始的厌烦变为后面的和谐相处。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“我走进厨房,Cecelia正在那里准备晚餐。”可知,第一段可描写作者和Cecelia决定让母鹿Dinner带着它的孩子们来花园里。
②由第二段首句内容“每天,我很喜欢看Dinner和它的双胞胎,我的出现从来没有打扰过它们。”可知,第二段可描写作者对于母鹿Dinner一家的感触。
2.续写线索:花园里来了母鹿—母鹿经常惹祸—和母鹿的对视—同意母鹿和小鹿来访—感悟
One possible version:
I went into the kitchen where Cecelia was preparing the evening meal. “I just had a meeting of the minds with Dinner in the driveway,” I told her. “Maybe we can look at this problem in another way. The guests can see roses anywhere. But having wildlife might really add to the charm of the place.” Cecelia thought about it and liked the idea. For the next few months, Dinner brought her twins into the yard. While she grazed, the siblings ran around the lawn, just like small children. She even seemed to pose so that guests could take pictures.
Every day, I enjoyed watching Dinner with the twins and my presence never bothered them. The fawns were curious. They would stare at me through the bushes and jump around. Dinner’s parenting skills were excellent. I was touched by the gentleness and affection she showed her charges. As summer wound down, Dinner and her children visited less and less. She was taking them farther into the forest. Finally, they left for good. So maybe there is a way to live in harmony with these peaceful creatures. Consider who was here first and think what we’ve done to them, not just what they’ve done to us.Period Four Writing
起草一篇演讲稿(Drafting a lecture)
本单元介绍了贵州的梵净山,要求学生学会起草介绍梵净山的演讲稿,掌握演讲稿写作的技巧。演讲稿一般用来在会议、讲座等重要活动上介绍某事物、阐述某事情或发表自己就某事的意见、看法,甚至汇报思想工作情况。因此,人们一般会事先准备好要演讲的文章,以便更有效地围绕话题发表演讲,不至于跑题或讲错。
【写作点拨】
撰写演讲稿时要注意,观点需鲜明、条理需清楚、语言需简洁扼要。演讲稿一般分成四个部分:引入演讲的主题→就该主题开展有关内容的演讲或说明选择该主题的原因→补充相关的其他信息→进行总结(某些演讲还需适当地表达希望)。
【主题短语】
1.向您介绍中国的名山之一
2.奇妙的山地景观
3.生物多样性
4.濒危动植物物种
5.首批国家级自然保护区之一
6.代表国家在环保方面的最大成就之一
7.避暑胜地
8.总而言之
【高级句式】
1. one of the famous mountains in China to you.
我很荣幸在这里向您介绍中国著名的山脉之一。
2. the north-east of Guizhou Province, about 400 square kilometres, Fanjing Mountain creates a wonderful mountain landscape.
梵净山位于贵州省东北部,总面积约400平方公里,创造了一个奇妙的山地景观。
3. , China, Fanjing Mountain in Guizhou, you will have an unforgettable experience.
总而言之,如果您来中国游览,请到贵州梵净山来,在这里您将有一段难忘的经历。
【连贯成文】
Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning. I am Li Hua from Guizhou, China. 1. (我很荣幸在这里向您介绍中国著名的山脉之一).
Located in the north-east of Guizhou Province, 2. (总面积约400平方公里), Fanjing Mountain creates a wonderful mountain landscape. 3. (游览梵净山已成为任何来贵州旅游的人的“必做之事” ).
4. (作为中国首批国家级自然保护区之一), Fanjing Mountain represents one of the country’s greatest achievements in environmental protection, and 5. (以其令人叹为观止的风景而闻名) as a summer resort. Fanjing Mountain is a place which is full of magical power.
In conclusion, if you visit China, please come to Fanjing Mountain in Guizhou, 6. (在这里您将有一段难忘的经历). I’m sure you will enjoy it.
【活学活用】
假设你是红星中学的李华。近期,你校正在开展“捐献一本书,奉献一份爱”的主题活动,以帮助贫困地区的孩子体会阅读的乐趣。你将作为学生代表面向交换生进行英文演讲,号召大家积极参与活动。演讲内容如下:
1. 活动简介;
2. 活动意义;
3. 发出号召。
注意:1. 词数80个左右;
2. 开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear fellow schoolmates,
Period Four Writing
●Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
[2024·浙江湖州高二期末]
The Amazon rainforest spreads across nine South American countries but most of it (60%) is in Brazil. Brazilian scientists think they might have found a way to reverse the damage caused by deforestation and turn farmland back into forest. The secret lies in ancient local knowledge of soil.
Amazonian dark earth (ADE) is a thick, black soil found deep in the Amazon rainforest, and it could help restore forests around the world. ADE is a kind of compost—a soil made from dead plants and animals. Various kinds of compost are sold in gardening centres around the world, but ADE is unique. It was created by indigenous people (the descendants of people who lived somewhere before another culture arrived and took over) from the Amazon between 2,000 and 2,500 years ago. The Amazonian people, today known as Amerindians, created ADE using charcoal from fires, animal bones, food waste and poo. It contains microbes, including bacteria that help to turn chemicals in the soil into useful nutrients that feed plants and trees.
Vast areas of the Amazon have been cut down, mostly to make way for grassland for raising cattle. Scientists are looking for a way to turn grassland back into rainforest and revive forest ecosystems. These support thousands of animal and plant species, many of them unique to the area. Forests also absorb lots of carbon dioxide, a gas that causes climate change.
To see if the Amazon’s special soil could help, the scientists grew grasses and trees in ADE, regular earth and a mixture of both. Trees grown in ADE were up to six times taller than those in regular soil. ADE takes hundreds of years to create, so the scientists can’t simply make more. Team member, Dr Siu Mui Tsai, said that instead they want to try and “copy its characteristics”, especially its helpful microbes, and see if it could help to restore natural habitats.
( )1.What are Brazilian scientists trying to do
A.To bring forests back.
B.To measure damage.
C.To reduce farmland.
D.To dig out ancient soil.
( )2.What made the Amazonian dark earth special
A.Dead plants.
B.Animal bones.
C.Food waste.
D.Bacteria inside.
( )3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A.The reasons for cutting down forests.
B.The benefits of raising cattle.
C.The significance of forest ecosystems.
D.The influence of climate change.
( )4.Which of the following might Dr Siu agree with
A.Amazonian dark earth is helpful to microbes.
B.Amazonian dark earth is produced in large quantities.
C.Microbes are beneficial to the revival of forests.
D.Microbes are the characteristics of the natural habitats.
B
[2024·新疆兵团地州学校高二期末]
We all love butterflies. Their beautiful wings attract us, and their presence lights up our garden. Well, that’s our view of butterflies, but have you ever wondered what plants think of them
The butterflies’ eggs lie on the underside of the leaves. The eggs themselves don’t damage plants. However, upon coming into contact with the eggs, the plants become oversensitive. It means that once a plant recognizes a pest, it will cause death in the contacted plant part. When these dead leaves or partial leaf parts break away from the plant, the eggs on them fall off. Along with the hypersensitivity response, plants also produce something special, which can attract animals to eat the eggs, thus preventing damage in the future.
After the baby butterflies come out of their eggs, the caterpillar (毛虫) stage begins. Most caterpillars feed on the leaves of the plants, damaging some of the plants in your own garden. Incredibly, they are major plant pests that bring about major losses to farmers. The next stage is “pupa” (蛹). The caterpillars begin their change into an adult. They don’t depend on the energy that the leaves provide. Finally, they become adult butterflies that have wings and move from one plant to the other. They feed on the sweet liquid produced by flowers.
While on their search for food, the butterflies carry pollen (花粉) on their body. They are key pollinators that place pollen from one flower to another in ecosystems. Plants that have flowers will create some special features to draw these pollinators’ attention. Certain plants have flowers giving off smells that can charm butterflies when they are looking for a mate. Some plants even have flat flowers to assist butterflies when they are landing.
Butterflies aid in pollination during their final adult stage. Thus, they change into beneficial insects to plants. This change makes butterflies an important friend of plants, despite being a hated enemy in previous life cycle stages!
( )5.How does a plant respond to butterflies’ eggs
A.It tries to get rid of them.
B.It tries to appeal to them.
C.It grows a little better with them.
D.It protects them from being eaten.
( )6.When do butterflies cause the greatest damage to agriculture
A.In the period of egg-laying.
B.In the period of pupa.
C.In the period of caterpillars.
D.In the period of adults.
( )7.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4
A.Describe the process of pollination.
B.Show how flowers attract butterflies.
C.Stress the importance of pollination.
D.Explore how adult butterflies develop.
( )8.Which can be the best title for the text
A.Why do flowers need butterflies’ pollination
B.How do plants defend themselves from pests
C.Are butterflies’ life cycles similar to the plants’
D.Are butterflies beneficial or harmful to plants
●Ⅱ 写作
第一节 应用文写作
[2024·辽宁葫芦岛高二期末]
假定你是李华,某国际学校环保社团负责人。本周六社团将组织学生去一家废水处理厂参观。请你用英文写则通知,内容包括:
1.活动时间和内容;
2.活动意义;
3.表达期待。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
参考词汇:废水处理厂 wastewater treatment plant
Notice
School Environmental Club
第二节 读后续写
[2024·浙江杭州高二期末]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One spring, I was hired as a groundskeeper at a Country Inn, a famous bed-and-breakfast located in Washington State. The grand house is in a beautiful place. Many famous people have visited it and even had their own rooms there. The owners, Philip and Cecelia, have done a perfect job for the house. However, the gardens were very overgrown. Worse yet, there was another problem: a very persistent doe (母鹿).
Every day when I came to work, there was new evidence of the deer’s big appetite. I tried many preventive tools: spray, human hair, soap, you name it—but none of those things had effect. Often when I was weeding, I’d look over and there she’d be, munching some tasty pieces. Worst of all, she feasted on the roses, in which Cecelia took great pride. I became so frustrated that I named her “Dinner”—and wanted to serve her on plates.
One morning, I was on my hands and knees pulling out vines and bushes when I caught a movement out of the corner of my eye. There was Dinner, not five feet away, munching a large leaf and staring at me. I felt a connection with this animal. We did have something in common—we were both mothers. I got the crazy idea of communicating with her and it seemed she wanted the same thing.
What’s up I asked in my head.
“I’m here because I feel safe” was the gentle reply I felt I heard. I have my fawns (幼鹿) bedded down nearby, and there is plenty to eat. When the twins are older after summer, I will move them deeper into the forest.
I understand that, I assured her. People come here too, from far away. I guess they’ll be interested to see you. I promise that nobody will harm you or your children. I don’t mind sharing the vegetation but Cecelia loves roses, too. She is very upset when they are all eaten.
A loud crash broke the magic. Our eyes met again briefly before she leaped off across the driveway, disappearing into the forest. Has I really communicated with the deer
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
I went into the kitchen where Cecelia was preparing the evening meal.
Paragraph 2:
Every day, I enjoyed watching Dinner with the twins and my presence never bothered them.
(共52张PPT)
Period Four
Writing
单元主题表达
练习册
起草一篇演讲稿(Drafting a lecture)
本单元介绍了贵州的梵净山,要求学生学会起草介绍梵净山的演讲稿,掌握
演讲稿写作的技巧。演讲稿一般用来在会议、讲座等重要活动上介绍某事物、
阐述某事情或发表自己就某事的意见、看法,甚至汇报思想工作情况。因此,人
们一般会事先准备好要演讲的文章,以便更有效地围绕话题发表演讲,不至于跑
题或讲错。
【写作点拨】
撰写演讲稿时要注意，观点需鲜明、条理需清楚、语言需简洁扼要。演讲
稿一般分成四个部分:引入演讲的主题→就该主题开展有关内容的演讲或说明选
择该主题的原因→补充相关的其他信息→进行总结(某些演讲还需适当地表达
希望)。
【主题短语】
1.向您介绍中国的名山之一____________________________________________
_________________________________
2.奇妙的山地景观_________________________________________
3.生物多样性________________________
4.濒危动植物物种_______________________________________________
5.首批国家级自然保护区之一__________________________________________
__________
introduce one of the famous mountains in China to you
a wonderful mountain landscape
biological diversity
endangered plant and animal species
one of the first national nature reserves
6.代表国家在环保方面的最大成就之一
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________
represent one of the country's greatest achievements in
environmental protection
7.避暑胜地______________________
8.总而言之_________________________________________
a summer resort
in conclusion/all in all/in a word
【高级句式】
1.________________________________________________________ one of th
e famous mountains in China to you.
我很荣幸在这里向您介绍中国著名的山脉之一。
It's my great honour to be here to introduce
2.______________ the north-east of Guizhou Province,
_________________________ about 400 square kilometres, Fanjing
Mountain creates a wonderful mountain landscape.
梵净山位于贵州省东北部,总面积约400平方公里,创造了一个奇妙的山地景观。
Located in
with a total area of
3._________________, ______________ China, ____________________
Fanjing Mountain in Guizhou, _________ you will have an
unforgettable experience.
总而言之,如果您来中国游览,请到贵州梵净山来,在这里您将有一段难忘的经历。
In conclusion
if you visit
please come to
where
【连贯成文】
Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning. I am Li Hua from Guizhou, China.
1.__________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________ (我很荣幸在这里向您
介绍中国著名的山脉之一).
It's my great honour to be here to introduce one of the famous mountains in China to you
Located in the north-east of Guizhou Province,
2._____________________________________________________________
(总面积约400平方公里), Fanjing Mountain creates a wonderful
mountain landscape. 3._____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(游览梵净山已成为任何来贵州旅游的人的“必做之事” ).
with a total area of about 400 square kilometres
Visiting Fanjing Mountain has become a “must” for anyone visiting Guizhou
4.______________________________________________________________
_______ (作为中国首批国家级自然保护区之一), Fanjing Mountain
represents one of the country's greatest achievements in
environmental protection, and 5.____________________________________
_________________________(以其令人叹为观止的风景而闻名) as a summer
resort. Fanjing Mountain is a place which is full of magical power.
In conclusion, if you visit China, please come to Fanjing
Mountain in Guizhou, 6.____________________________________________
______________________________(在这里您将有一段难忘的经历). I'm sure
you will enjoy it.
As one of the first national nature reserves in China
is renowned for its breathtaking scenery
where you will have an unforgettable experience
【活学活用】
假设你是红星中学的李华。近期，你校正在开展“捐献一本书，奉献一份爱”
的主题活动，以帮助贫困地区的孩子体会阅读的乐趣。你将作为学生代表面向
交换生进行英文演讲，号召大家积极参与活动。演讲内容如下：
1.活动简介；
2.活动意义；
3.发出号召。
注意：1. 词数80个左右；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear fellow schoolmates,
____________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Dear fellow schoolmates,
Do you have books piling up in corners An activity entitled
“Devote Your Love by Donating a Book” held by our school this
month can help you find a perfect destination for these used
books.
These donated books will finally be packed and delivered to
children with a burning passion for reading. Dedicated to helping
children in poverty-stricken areas to enjoy the fun of reading, this
activity is worth your attention. Books can better link them with
the world, stimulating their passion for knowledge and inspiring
them with hope.
One book may seem trivial, but one book per student in our
school can make a big difference. Please join us in this
empowerment activity.
练 习 册
Ⅰ阅读理解
A
[2024·浙江湖州高二期末]
The Amazon rainforest spreads across nine South American
countries but most of it (60%) is in Brazil. Brazilian scientists think
they might have found a way to reverse the damage caused by
deforestation and turn farmland back into forest. The secret lies in
ancient local knowledge of soil.
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Amazonian dark earth (ADE) is a thick, black soil found deep
in the Amazon rainforest, and it could help restore forests around
the world. ADE is a kind of compost—a soil made from dead
plants and animals. Various kinds of compost are sold in gardening
centres around the world, but ADE is unique. It was created by
indigenous people (the descendants of people who lived
somewhere before another culture arrived and took over) from the
Amazon between 2,000 and 2,500 years ago. The Amazonian
people, today known as Amerindians, created ADE using charcoal
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from fires, animal bones, food waste and poo. It contains microbes, including bacteria that help to turn chemicals in the soil into useful nutrients that feed plants and trees.
Vast areas of the Amazon have been cut down, mostly to
make way for grassland for raising cattle. Scientists are looking for
a way to turn grassland back into rainforest and revive forest
ecosystems. These support thousands of animal and plant species,
many of them unique to the area. Forests also absorb lots of
carbon dioxide, a gas that causes climate change.
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To see if the Amazon's special soil could help, the scientists
grew grasses and trees in ADE, regular earth and a mixture of
both. Trees grown in ADE were up to six times taller than those in
regular soil. ADE takes hundreds of years to create, so the
scientists can't simply make more. Team member, Dr Siu Mui Tsai,
said that instead they want to try and “copy its characteristics”,
especially its helpful microbes, and see if it could help to restore
natural habitats.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴西科学家发现当地亚马逊
森林中的黑土可能可以帮助人们恢复森林生态系统，这种黑土富含有益的微生
物，有助于土壤成分的转化，帮助植物的生长，但这种黑土形成所需的时间较
长，因此科学家只能通过复刻其特征来尝试恢复自然栖息地。
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( ) 1.What are Brazilian scientists trying to do
A
A.To bring forests back. B.To measure damage.
C.To reduce farmland. D.To dig out ancient soil.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Brazilian scientists think they might
have found a way to reverse the damage caused by deforestation
and turn farmland back into forest. The secret lies in ancient local
knowledge of soil.” (巴西科学家认为，他们可能已经找到了一种方法来扭
转森林砍伐造成的破坏，让农田重新变成森林。秘密在于当地古老的土壤知
识。)可知，这些科学家在尝试恢复被破坏的森林。故选A项。
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( ) 2.What made the Amazonian dark earth special
D
A.Dead plants. B.Animal bones.
C.Food waste. D.Bacteria inside.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Amazonian people, today
known as Amerindians, created ADE using charcoal from fires,
animal bones, food waste and poo. It contains microbes, including
bacteria that help to turn chemicals in the soil into useful nutrients
that feed plants and trees.” (亚马逊人，今天被称为印第安人，用木炭、
动物骨头、食物垃圾和粪便创造了亚马逊黑土。它含有微生物，包括有助于将
土壤中的化学物质转化为植物和树木所需的有用的营养物质的细菌。)可知，
亚马逊黑土的特别之处在于亚马逊人创造它的方法使它最终含有一些细菌，有
利于土壤成分的转化。故选D项。
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( ) 3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
C
A.The reasons for cutting down forests.
B.The benefits of raising cattle.
C.The significance of forest ecosystems.
D.The influence of climate change.
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[解析] 段落大意题。根据第三段中“Scientists are looking for a way to
turn grassland back into rainforest and revive forest ecosystems.
These support thousands of animal and plant species, many of
them unique to the area. Forests also absorb lots of carbon
dioxide, a gas that causes climate change.” (科学家们正在寻找一种将
草原变回雨林并恢复森林生态系统的方法。这些系统滋养成千上万的动植物物
种，其中许多是该地区独有的。森林还会吸收大量二氧化碳，这是一种导致气
候变化的气体。)可知，本段主要介绍恢复森林生态系统带来的好处，包括滋
养特有的生物，以及吸收二氧化碳，即森林生态系统的重要性。故选C项。
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( ) 4.Which of the following might Dr Siu agree with
C
A.Amazonian dark earth is helpful to microbes.
B.Amazonian dark earth is produced in large quantities.
C.Microbes are beneficial to the revival of forests.
D.Microbes are the characteristics of the natural habitats.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Team member, Dr Siu Mui Tsai,
said that instead they want to try and ‘copy its characteristics’,
especially its helpful microbes, and see if it could help to restore
natural habitats.” (团队成员Siu Mui Tsai博士说，相反，他们想尝试“复
制它的特征”，尤其是它的有益微生物，看看它是否有助于恢复自然栖息地。)
可知，他们希望通过创造与亚马逊黑土类似的物质，尤其是其中的有益微生物，
来恢复自然栖息地。由此推知，Dr Siu会赞同“微生物对森林的恢复是有益的”
的观点。故选C项。
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B
[2024·新疆兵团地州学校高二期末]
We all love butterflies. Their beautiful wings attract us, and
their presence lights up our garden. Well, that's our view of
butterflies, but have you ever wondered what plants think of them
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The butterflies' eggs lie on the underside of the leaves. The
eggs themselves don't damage plants. However, upon coming into
contact with the eggs, the plants become oversensitive. It means
that once a plant recognizes a pest, it will cause death in the
contacted plant part. When these dead leaves or partial leaf parts
break away from the plant, the eggs on them fall off. Along with
the hypersensitivity response, plants also produce something special,
which can attract animals to eat the eggs, thus preventing damage
in the future.
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After the baby butterflies come out of their eggs, the
caterpillar (毛虫) stage begins. Most caterpillars feed on the leaves
of the plants, damaging some of the plants in your own garden.
Incredibly, they are major plant pests that bring about major losses
to farmers. The next stage is “pupa” (蛹). The caterpillars begin
their change into an adult. They don't depend on the energy that
the leaves provide. Finally, they become adult butterflies that have
wings and move from one plant to the other. They feed on the
sweet liquid produced by flowers.
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While on their search for food, the butterflies carry pollen
(花粉) on their body. They are key pollinators that place pollen
from one flower to another in ecosystems. Plants that have flowers
will create some special features to draw these pollinators'
attention. Certain plants have flowers giving off smells that can
charm butterflies when they are looking for a mate. Some plants
even have flat flowers to assist butterflies when they are landing.
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Butterflies aid in pollination during their final adult stage. Thus,
they change into beneficial insects to plants. This change makes
butterflies an important friend of plants, despite being a hated
enemy in previous life cycle stages!
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了蝴蝶对植物是有益的还是有
害的。
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( ) 5.How does a plant respond to butterflies' eggs
A
A.It tries to get rid of them.
B.It tries to appeal to them.
C.It grows a little better with them.
D.It protects them from being eaten.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“However, upon coming into
contact with the eggs, the plants become oversensitive. It means
that once a plant recognizes a pest, it will cause death in the
contacted plant part. When these dead leaves or partial leaf parts
break away from the plant, the eggs on them fall off.”(然而，一旦
接触到卵，植物就会变得过度敏感。这意味着一旦植物识别出害虫，这就会导
致与之接触的植物部分死亡。当这些枯叶或部分叶子从植物上脱落时，上面的
卵就会脱落。)可知，植物试图摆脱蝴蝶的卵。故选A。
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( ) 6.When do butterflies cause the greatest damage to
agriculture
C
A.In the period of egg-laying. B.In the period of pupa.
C.In the period of caterpillars. D.In the period of adults.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Most caterpillars feed on the
leaves of the plants, damaging some of the plants in your own
garden. Incredibly, they are major plant pests that bring about
major losses to farmers.”(大多数毛毛虫以植物的叶子为食，在你自己的花
园里破坏一些植物。令人难以置信的是，它们是给农民带来重大损失的主要植
物害虫。)可知，蝴蝶的毛毛虫阶段对农业的危害最大。故选C。
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( ) 7.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4
B
A.Describe the process of pollination.
B.Show how flowers attract butterflies.
C.Stress the importance of pollination.
D.Explore how adult butterflies develop.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Plants that have flowers will
create some special features to draw these pollinators' attention.
Certain plants have flowers giving off smells that can charm
butterflies when they are looking for a mate. Some plants even
have flat flowers to assist butterflies when they are landing.”
(有花的植物会创造出一些特殊的特征来吸引这些传粉者的注意。某些植物的
花朵散发出气味，可以吸引寻找配偶的蝴蝶。有些植物甚至有扁平的花朵来帮
助蝴蝶着陆。)可知，作者在第四段主要展示了植物如何吸引蝴蝶。故选B。
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( ) 8.Which can be the best title for the text
D
A.Why do flowers need butterflies' pollination
B.How do plants defend themselves from pests
C.Are butterflies' life cycles similar to the plants'
D.Are butterflies beneficial or harmful to plants
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“We all love butterflies. Their
beautiful wings attract us, and their presence lights up our garden.
Well, that's our view of butterflies, but have you ever wondered
what plants think of them ”(我们都喜欢蝴蝶。它们美丽的翅膀吸引着我
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们，它们的出现让我们的花园大放光彩。好吧，这是我们对蝴蝶的看法，但是
你有没有想过植物是怎么看待它们的？)和文章最后一段“Butterflies aid in
pollination during their final adult stage. Thus, they change into
beneficial insects to plants. This change makes butterflies an
important friend of plants, despite being a hated enemy in
previous life cycle stages!”(蝴蝶在它们最后的成虫阶段帮助授粉。因此，
它们变成了植物的益虫。这种变化使蝴蝶成为植物的重要朋友，尽管它们在以
前的生命周期阶段是一个讨厌的敌人！)可知，文章主要讨论了蝴蝶对植物是
有益的还是有害的。故选D。
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Ⅱ写作
第一节 应用文写作
[2024·辽宁葫芦岛高二期末]
假定你是李华，某国际学校环保社团负责人。本周六社团将组织学生去一
家废水处理厂参观。请你用英文写则通知，内容包括：
1.活动时间和内容；
2.活动意义；
3.表达期待。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
参考词汇：废水处理厂 wastewater treatment plant
Notice
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
School Environmental Club
One possible version:
Notice
We are more than delighted to announce that our club will
organize a visit to a wastewater treatment plant this Saturday.
We will gather at the school gate at 9 o'clock in the morning
and take a bus. During the visit, we will have the opportunity to
see how different wastewater treatment technologies work and how
they contribute to ensuring our water resources remain clean and
sustainable.
Not only will this activity enhance our knowledge of
wastewater treatment, but also it will raise our awareness of
environmental protection. More students are welcome to participate
in this activity and make the most of this valuable learning
experience.
School Environmental Club
第二节 读后续写
[2024·浙江杭州高二期末]
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完
整的短文。
One spring, I was hired as a groundskeeper at a Country Inn,
a famous bed-and-breakfast located in Washington State. The
grand house is in a beautiful place. Many famous people have
visited it and even had their own rooms there. The owners, Philip
and Cecelia, have done a perfect job for the house. However, the
gardens were very overgrown. Worse yet, there was another
problem: a very persistent doe (母鹿).
Every day when I came to work, there was new evidence of
the deer's big appetite. I tried many preventive tools: spray, human
hair, soap, you name it—but none of those things had effect.
Often when I was weeding, I'd look over and there she'd be,
munching some tasty pieces. Worst of all, she feasted on the roses,
in which Cecelia took great pride. I became so frustrated that I
named her “Dinner”—and wanted to serve her on plates.
One morning, I was on my hands and knees pulling out vines
and bushes when I caught a movement out of the corner of my
eye. There was Dinner, not five feet away, munching a large leaf
and staring at me. I felt a connection with this animal. We did
have something in common—we were both mothers. I got the
crazy idea of communicating with her and it seemed she wanted
the same thing.
What's up I asked in my head.
“I'm here because I feel safe” was the gentle reply I felt I
heard. I have my fawns (幼鹿) bedded down nearby, and there is
plenty to eat. When the twins are older after summer, I will move
them deeper into the forest.
I understand that, I assured her. People come here too, from
far away. I guess they'll be interested to see you. I promise that
nobody will harm you or your children. I don't mind sharing the
vegetation but Cecelia loves roses, too. She is very upset when
they are all eaten.
A loud crash broke the magic. Our eyes met again briefly
before she leaped off across the driveway, disappearing into the
forest. Has I really communicated with the deer
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1：
I went into the kitchen where Cecelia was preparing the
evening meal. ____________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Every day, I enjoyed watching Dinner with the twins and my
presence never bothered them._________________________________________
【思路点拨】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在华盛顿州一家著名的提供
住宿和早餐的乡村旅馆做花园管理员，在工作期间她和母鹿Dinner之间由最开
始的厌烦变为后面的和谐相处。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我走进厨房，Cecelia正在那里准备晚餐。”可知，第
一段可描写作者和Cecelia决定让母鹿Dinner带着它的孩子们来花园里。
②由第二段首句内容“每天，我很喜欢看Dinner和它的双胞胎，我的出现从来
没有打扰过它们。”可知，第二段可描写作者对于母鹿Dinner一家的感触。
2.续写线索：花园里来了母鹿—母鹿经常惹祸—和母鹿的对视—同意母鹿和小
鹿来访—感悟
One possible version:
I went into the kitchen where Cecelia was preparing the
evening meal. “I just had a meeting of the minds with Dinner in
the driveway,” I told her. “Maybe we can look at this problem in
another way. The guests can see roses anywhere. But having
wildlife might really add to the charm of the place.” Cecelia
thought about it and liked the idea. For the next few months,
Dinner brought her twins into the yard. While she grazed, the
siblings ran around the lawn, just like small children. She even
seemed to pose so that guests could take pictures.
Every day, I enjoyed watching Dinner with the twins and my
presence never bothered them. The fawns were curious. They
would stare at me through the bushes and jump around. Dinner's
parenting skills were excellent. I was touched by the gentleness
and affection she showed her charges. As summer wound down,
Dinner and her children visited less and less. She was taking them
farther into the forest. Finally, they left for good. So maybe there
is a way to live in harmony with these peaceful creatures. Consider
who was here first and think what we've done to them, not just
what they've done to us.
