Period Two Using language
语法归纳
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.it very difficult to finish the work
2.it hard for me to adapt to
3.it worthwhile paying/to pay such a high price
4.it that you will pass the exam
5.make it clear to the public that
●Ⅱ 1.We find it interesting to travel in the UK.
2.Tom didn’t think it difficult to write letters in Chinese.
3.We think it no use persuading them into changing their minds.
4.I think it necessary that we learn basic first aid skills.
5.I would appreciate it if you could give me a chance to be a volunteer.Period Two Using language
Ⅰ.1.arguing 2.to understand 3.asking 4.it
5.whether 6.it
Ⅱ.1.I have made it a habit 2.took it for granted that
3.consider it any good talking 4.felt it strange
Ⅲ.1.caused 2.are 3.happily 4.emphasis 5.the 6.has provided 7.it 8.to keep 9.technological 10.on
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一只宠物狗影响了全家人的关系的故事说明,小动物可以激发人性中的美好品质。
1.A 此处指提到养狗这个话题,父亲就抱怨。故选A。topic话题;news消息,新闻;problem难题;doubt怀疑。
2.C 根据“For years, Dad had avoided getting a dog.”可知,父亲不喜欢狗,认为狗会打扰他的正常生活,很麻烦。故选C。replace取代;destroy毁灭,破坏;bother打扰;control控制。
3.D 根据下文及语境可知,此处指小狗改变了我们一家。故选D。defeat打败,击败;challenge挑战;discourage阻止,劝阻,使灰心;transform改变。
4.B 根据“I fed, brushed and walked him every day. I also learned…”可知,作者每天负责喂小狗,给它洗澡,遛它。由此推断,小狗使作者变得有责任心了。故选B。awkward令人尴尬的,难对付的,局促不安的;responsible负责任的;generous慷慨的;creative创新的,有创造力的。
5.A 根据“I also learned that when we take care of what is important to us…”可知,当我们照顾对我们来说重要的事物时,我们会收获好处。故选A。harvest收获;desire渴望;ignore忽视,不理睬;realize意识到。
6.A 根据“I also learned that when we take care of what is important to us, we…the benefits.” 可知,作者认识到在付出的同时自己也会受益,这是作者通过养狗学习到的一课,而且这个认知一直影响着作者。lesson呼应上一句中的learned。故选A。lesson课,教训;habit习惯;custom习俗;routine日常。
7.B 根据常识可知,主人回到家,小狗应该是在门口迎接主人。故选B。seek寻找,追求;greet问候,迎接;hide隐藏,藏起;assist协助,帮助。
8.B 根据“Dad was the first to…him to sit on the sofa. He even made chew toys for Chip to play with.”可知,爸爸是全家第一个允许小狗坐到沙发上的人,并且给它做玩具。由此可知,爸爸对小狗的态度转变了,变得柔和了。故选B。fear恐惧,害怕;soften使变软,软化,使态度缓和;admire羡慕,欣赏,钦佩;strengthen加强,使强大。
9.A 根据小狗在门口迎接主人归来,主人伤心时安慰主人可知,小狗可爱的性格赢得了爸爸的欢心。故选A。adorable可爱的,讨人喜欢的;strong强硬的;tiresome 烦人的; naughty淘气的。
10.C 此处指父亲开始宠爱小狗,允许它坐到沙发上。故选C。persuade说服;forbid禁止;allow允许;order命令,订货,点餐。
11.C 前文讲了小狗的优点,让每个人都有所改变,该空后讲小狗使我们全家有了共同话题,有了更多在一起交流沟通的时间,这最重要。故选C。necessarily必要地;exactly精确地,确切地;importantly重要地;entirely完全地,彻底地。
12.C 此处指晚饭后,我们没有像以前那样躲进卧室,而是跟着小狗走进了家庭娱乐室。故选C。pave 铺平;drag拉拽;follow跟随;push推。
13.B 根据前面teach可知,我们教给小狗一些玩耍的花样。故选B。language语言;trick技巧,把戏,花招;subject科目;style风格。
14.D 有些人抱怨爱狗人士把狗当成人是放弃人性,人狗不分。故选D。satisfy满足,使满意;inspire激励,启发;change改变;abandon抛弃,放弃。
15.D 作者认为,恰恰是这些宠物激发了人类内在的人性之美。故选D。weakness弱点;theory理论;darkness黑暗;beauty美。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。很容易想到,因为室内植物生活在室内,它们并不像它们的户外同类那样真正体验季节。文章介绍了如何让你的植物在夏天过去,凉爽的日子来临时保持快乐。
1.F 根据上文提示“It’s true that they’re provided with a lot more protection inside.”可知,F项(然而,这并不意味着它们不知道发生了什么。)切题。该项中的however与上文构成转折关系,this指代的是上文中的they’re provided with a lot more protection inside。故选F。
2.D 根据上文提示“If you’ve given your houseplants outside time in summer, bring them in before temperatures reach a low of 55 degrees Fahrenheit.”和下文提示“For example, clear the dead leaves, which can attract pests.”可知,D项(但你得给它们做个彻底的检查。)切题。该项中的but与上文构成转折关系,且下文是对该项的举例说明。故选D。
3.B 此空是段落首句,根据下文提示“Fall is the perfect time to leach out(滤掉)any salt by letting the water run freely out of the bottom of the pot. The water will also clean off any dust that collects on the leaves.”可知,B项(给它们好好洗个澡。)切题。该项是段落中心句,下文是解释说明。故选B。
4.G 根据上文提示“对于棕色或黄色的叶尖,你可以直接剪掉不健康的叶子。”可知,G项(但是请记住不要移除超过整个植物的20%。)切题。该项中的but与上文构成转折关系,对上文进行补充说明。故选G。
5.E 根据上文提示“Being extremely hot or cold can stress plants out.”和下文提示“Make sure they aren’t on the top of radiators(散热器)or by heaters…”可知,E项(所以要认真对待你的植物生长的地方。)切题。该项中的so表明与上文构成因果关系,又与下文的意思相吻合。故选E。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国为回收塑料垃圾做出的努力。
1.in 考查介词。result in“导致”,固定短语,故填in。
2.to recycle 考查非谓语动词。空处应填动词不定式作后置定语,修饰抽象名词efforts,故填to recycle。
3.significantly 考查副词。空处修饰动词contributed,应用副词形式,故填significantly。
4.being generated 考查非谓语动词。prevent…from doing sth“阻止……做某事”,空处应填动名词形式作宾语,且动词generate和waste之间是被动关系,故用动名词的被动式,故填being generated。
5.has established 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语over the past decade可知句子时态用现在完成时,主语China表示单数意义,助动词用has,故填has established。
6.largest 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的the以及空后的in the world可知此处应用形容词最高级,故填largest。
7.the 考查冠词。此处是倍数表达法“数字+times+the+名词”,故填the。
8.contributions 考查名词复数。contribution是可数名词,make great contributions“做出巨大贡献”,此处应用名词复数形式,故填contributions。
9.which 考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是imported plastic waste,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,应用关系代词which,故填which。
10.helped 考查动词时态。根据上文内容可知,此处是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,空格处是谓语动词,用过去式。故填helped。Period Two Using language
“It” as an empty object(it作形式宾语)
当复合宾语中的宾语是动词不定式、动词-ing形式短语、宾语从句时,为避免“头重脚轻”,往往把宾语放在宾语补足语的后面,而把it放在动词和宾语补足语之间。放在宾语补足语后面的宾语是真正的宾语,放在动词和宾语补足语中间的引导词it叫形式宾语。
(1)it代替不定式短语。如:
I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
我认为不进行大量的记忆工作,学好一门外语是不可能的。
(2)it代替动词-ing短语。如:
I think it no good holding an opposing idea but never communicating.
我认为持有截然不同的观点却从不沟通是没有什么好处的。
(3)it代替从句。如:
The new mayor wants to make it known to the public that they will build a stronger and cleaner city.
新的市长想要公众知道他们要建设一个更为强大、更为整洁的城市。
(4)it的特殊用法常出现在以下几种结构中。如:
A.动词+it+when/if 从句。常见于appreciate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer等少数动词之后。如:
We would much appreciate it if you could do us that favour.
如果你能帮我们那个忙,我们将不胜感激。
B.动词+it+that从句。常见于like, take, have, put等少数动词之后。如:
I take it that the two sides should negotiate towards reaching an agreement.
我认为双方应该朝着达成协议的方向磋商。
C.动词+it+介词短语+that从句。常见于bring it to one’s attention, owe it to sb, take it for granted 等结构中。如:
Don’t take it for granted that they can help you out whenever you are in trouble.
不要想当然地认为只要你有麻烦,他们就能来帮助你。
D.动词+介词+it+that从句。常见于answer for, depend on, rely on, insist on, look to, see to, stick to 等结构中。如:
I’ll see to it that all preparations have been made.
我会确保一切准备工作完成。
You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English. 你可以相信汤姆会帮助你学英语。
E.动词+it+过去分词+从句。常见于几个可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词之后。如:
He made it known to his parents that he had grown up and could look after himself.
他让父母知道他已经长大了,可以照顾自己了。
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 句型训练
1.They felt in such a short time.
他们觉得在如此短的时间内完成这项工作很困难。
2. It was the language that made the life there.
语言让我很难适应那里的生活。
3.I don’t think
for pursuing economic development.
我认为为了追求经济发展付出这么大的代价是不值得的。
4.You may depend on if you work harder. 你可以相信,如果你更加努力地学习,你将会通过考试。
5.We must something should be done to stop pollution.
我们必须让公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。
●Ⅱ 翻译句子(it作形式宾语)
1.
我们发现在英国旅游很有趣。
2.
汤姆认为用中文写信不难。
3.
我们认为说服他们改变想法没有用。
4.
我认为我们有必要学习基本的急救技能。
5.
如果您能给我一个机会成为志愿者,我将不胜感激。Period Two Using language
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Eventually, the poor man found it no use (argue) with his wife.
2.I don’t feel it difficult (understand) what these specialists said at yesterday’s meeting.
3.We think it a waste of time just (ask) him for advice instead of taking effective steps.
4.They found pleasant that they could constantly have the opportunity to travel to China.
5.I leave it to your own judgement you should accept the deposit they offered.
6.People in the West make a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
●Ⅱ 语法+写作(it作形式宾语)
1. to read a few stories to my daughter every night before we go to bed.
我已经把每天晚上睡觉之前给女儿读几个故事当成了一个习惯。
2.I they threw in the towel if they chose to drop out of the match.
我想当然地认为如果他们选择退赛,就意味着他们认输了。
3.Do you with him about the trouble when he is upset
你认为在他难过时和他讨论这件麻烦事会有什么好处吗
4.They that so many people were willing to donate their own properties.
他们感到奇怪的是有那么多人愿意把自己的财产捐献出来。
●Ⅲ 语篇语法填空
There is a heated argument about the idea of developing driverless cars because of an accident 1. (cause) by a driverless mode.
On the one hand, some people think some advances in technology 2. (be) unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Many people live 3. (happy) in the absence of new technology. They don’t own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They live mainly as farmers. They advocate a simple life with an 4. (emphasise) on hard work, family, and community. On 5. other hand, others think new technology will make our life more comfortable and easier. New technology 6. (provide) people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made 7. possible for friends and family 8. (keep) in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
Personally, I have benefited a lot from 9. (technology) advances. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look 10. the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
●Ⅳ 完形填空
Making a family
For years, Dad had avoided getting a dog. Whenever the 1 came up, Dad complained, “Dogs are a pain. I don’t want to be 2 .” Despite his strong opposition, Mum brought home a puppy named Chip, a cute ball that 3 us all.
For me, at age thirteen, Chip brought out my 4 side. I fed, brushed and walked him every day. I also learned that when we take care of what is important to us, we 5 the benefits. And this 6 stayed with me as I grew. At that time, Chip meant a loyal (忠诚的) companion, someone to 7 me at the door when I returned, and someone to kiss my face when I was sad.
Chip even 8 Dad. It was nearly a month before Chip’s 9 personality won him over. Dad was the first to 10 him to sit on the sofa. He even made chew toys for Chip to play with.
Most 11 , Chip brought us together as a family. After dinner, instead of escaping to our bedrooms as before, we all 12 Chip into the family room. We’d teach him new 13 or perfect his old ones. We’d recall stories of the cute things he’d done that day. The key is that we’d do this together.
People sometimes complain that dog lovers are 14 humanity; rather, their pets stimulate the 15 of their humanity.
( )1.A.topic B.news
C.problem D.doubt
( )2.A.replaced B.destroyed
C.bothered D.controlled
( )3.A.defeated B.challenged
C.discouraged D.transformed
( )4.A.awkward B.responsible
C.generous D.creative
( )5.A.harvest B.desire
C.ignore D.realize
( )6.A.lesson B.habit
C.custom D.routine
( )7.A.seek B.greet
C.hide D.assist
( )8.A.feared B.softened
C.admired D.strengthened
( )9.A.adorable B.strong
C.tiresome D.naughty
( )10.A.persuade B.forbid
C.allow D.order
( )11.A.necessarily B.exactly
C.importantly D.entirely
( )12.A.paved B.dragged
C.followed D.pushed
( )13.A.languages B.tricks
C.subjects D.styles
( )14.A.satisfying B.inspiring
C.changing D.abandoning
( )15.A.weakness B.theory
C.darkness D.beauty
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·广东梅州高二期末]
It would be easy to think that since houseplants live inside, they don’t really experience seasons as their outdoor relatives do. It’s true that they’re provided with a lot more protection inside.
1. They do and they’d appreciate a few seasonal changes. Here is how to keep your plants happy as the summer goes away and cooler days come along.
If you’ve given your houseplants outside time in summer, bring them in before temperatures reach a low of 55 degrees Fahrenheit.2. For example, clear the dead leaves, which can attract pests. In this way, you won’t bring in whatever may be harmful to your indoor environment.
3. Fall is the perfect time to leach out(滤掉)any salt by letting the water run freely out of the bottom of the pot. The water will also clean off any dust that collects on the leaves.
Give them a trim(修剪). Remove any dead or dying leaves:cut the leaves that are brown or yellow at the base. For brown or yellowing tips, you can just cut off the unhealthy leaves. 4.
Be mindful of extreme temperatures. Being extremely hot or cold can stress plants out. 5. Make sure they aren’t on the top of radiators(散热器)or by heaters; likewise, make sure they’re far from doors that are open to the outside.
A.Be careful with watering.
B.Give them a good shower.
C.Note when you bring houseplants outside.
D.But you have to give them a thorough check.
E.So be careful about where your plants are living.
F.However, this doesn’t mean that they don’t know what’s going on.
G.But please remember not to remove more than 20% of the entire plant.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
[2024·福建泉州高二期末]
Plastic production is energy intensive (能源密集型的) and consumes fossil fuels. When burnt, waste plastic gives off heat-trapping gases and other pollutants. Once such emissions (排放) reach a certain level, it results 1. environmental problems that will, in turn, harm human beings. All of this makes recycling plastic waste important.
China’s efforts 2. (recycle) plastic waste have contributed 3. (significant) to slowing global climate change, reducing oil consumption and carbon emissions by millions of tons. China has also prevented 900 million tons of waste from 4. (generate).
Over the past decade, China 5. (establish) a market-based plastic recycling system with wide-ranging coverage, which accounts for over 45 percent of the world’s total recycled plastic waste. China now has the 6. (large) plastic recycling capacity (能力) in the world. Its huge plastic recycling industry, which employs about 900,000 workers, recycled 31 percent of the plastic waste produced nationally in 2021, about 1.7 times 7. global average rate.
China has also made great 8. (contribution) to the recycling of plastic waste from other parts of the world. Between 1992 and 2018, China recycled 106 million tons of imported plastic waste, a lot of 9. was from the European Union member states and the United States. This 10. (help) save 318 million tons of oil. (共43张PPT)
Period Two
Using language
语法归纳
练习册
“It” as an empty object(it作形式宾语)
当复合宾语中的宾语是动词不定式、动词-ing形式短语、宾语从句时,为避
免“头重脚轻”,往往把宾语放在宾语补足语的后面,而把it放在动词和宾语补足
语之间。放在宾语补足语后面的宾语是真正的宾语,放在动词和宾语补足语中间
的引导词it叫形式宾语。
(1)it代替不定式短语。如:
I don't think it possible to master a foreign language without
much memory work.
我认为不进行大量的记忆工作,学好一门外语是不可能的。
(2)it代替动词-ing短语。如:
I think it no good holding an opposing idea but never
communicating.
我认为持有截然不同的观点却从不沟通是没有什么好处的。
(3)it代替从句。如:
The new mayor wants to make it known to the public that they
will build a stronger and cleaner city.
新的市长想要公众知道他们要建设一个更为强大、更为整洁的城市。
(4)it的特殊用法常出现在以下几种结构中。如:
A.动词+it+when/if 从句。常见于appreciate, enjoy, like, dislike, love,
hate, prefer等少数动词之后。如:
We would much appreciate it if you could do us that favour.
如果你能帮我们那个忙,我们将不胜感激。
B.动词+it+that从句。常见于like, take, have, put等少数动词之后。如:
I take it that the two sides should negotiate towards reaching an
agreement.
我认为双方应该朝着达成协议的方向磋商。
C.动词+it+介词短语+that从句。常见于bring it to one's attention, owe
it to sb, take it for granted 等结构中。如:
Don't take it for granted that they can help you out whenever
you are in trouble.
不要想当然地认为只要你有麻烦,他们就能来帮助你。
D.动词+介词+it+that从句。常见于answer for, depend on, rely on,
insist on, look to, see to, stick to 等结构中。如:
I'll see to it that all preparations have been made.
我会确保一切准备工作完成。
You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English.
你可以相信汤姆会帮助你学英语。
E.动词+it+过去分词+从句。常见于几个可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词
之后。如:
He made it known to his parents that he had grown up and
could look after himself.
他让父母知道他已经长大了,可以照顾自己了。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ句型训练
1.They felt __________________________________________ in such a
short time.
他们觉得在如此短的时间内完成这项工作很困难。
it very difficult to finish the work
2.It was the language that made __________________________________
the life there.
语言让我很难适应那里的生活。
it hard for me to adapt to
3.I don't think _____________________________________________________
______for pursuing economic development.
我认为为了追求经济发展付出这么大的代价是不值得的。
it worthwhile paying/to pay such a high price
4.You may depend on ______________________________________ if you
work harder. 你可以相信,如果你更加努力地学习,你将会通过考试。
it that you will pass the exam
5.We must ________________________________________ something
should be done to stop pollution.
我们必须让公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。
make it clear to the public that
Ⅱ翻译句子(it作形式宾语)
1.____________________________________________________
我们发现在英国旅游很有趣。
We find it interesting to travel in the UK.
2.___________________________________________________________________
汤姆认为用中文写信不难。
Tom didn't think it difficult to write letters in Chinese.
3.__________________________________________________________________
______________
我们认为说服他们改变想法没有用。
We think it no use persuading them into changing their minds.
4.__________________________________________________________________
我认为我们有必要学习基本的急救技能。
I think it necessary that we learn basic first aid skills.
5.__________________________________________________________________
______________________
如果您能给我一个机会成为志愿者,我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you could give me a chance to be a volunteer.
练 习 册
Ⅰ单句填空
1.Eventually, the poor man found it no use ___________ (argue) with
his wife.
arguing
2.I don't feel it difficult ___________________ (understand) what these
specialists said at yesterday's meeting.
to understand
3.We think it a waste of time just _________ (ask) him for advice
instead of taking effective steps.
asking
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2
3
4
5
6
4.They found ___ pleasant that they could constantly have the
opportunity to travel to China.
it
5.I leave it to your own judgement ___________ you should accept
the deposit they offered.
whether
6.People in the West make ___ a rule to buy Christmas presents
for their relatives and friends.
it
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2
3
4
5
6
Ⅱ语法+写作(it作形式宾语)
1._____________________________ to read a few stories to my
daughter every night before we go to bed.
我已经把每天晚上睡觉之前给女儿读几个故事当成了一个习惯。
I have made it a habit
2.I______________________________they threw in the towel if they
chose to drop out of the match.
我想当然地认为如果他们选择退赛,就意味着他们认输了。
took it for granted that
1
2
3
4
3.Do you ____________________________________ with him about the
trouble when he is upset
你认为在他难过时和他讨论这件麻烦事会有什么好处吗
consider it any good talking
4.They __________________ that so many people were willing to
donate their own properties.
他们感到奇怪的是有那么多人愿意把自己的财产捐献出来。
felt it strange
1
2
3
4
Ⅲ语篇语法填空
There is a heated argument about the idea of developing
driverless cars because of an accident 1.__________(cause) by a
driverless mode.
On the one hand, some people think some advances in
technology 2._____(be) unnecessary and could even be dangerous.
Many people live 3.__________(happy) in the absence of new
technology. They don't own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the
Internet. They live mainly as farmers. They advocate a simple life
caused
are
happily
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
with an 4._____________(emphasise) on hard work, family, and
community. On 5.______ other hand, others think new technology
will make our life more comfortable and easier. New technology
6._________________(provide) people everywhere with many benefits
over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer
programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural
disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made
7.___possible for friends and family 8.___________(keep) in touch
easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
emphasis
the
has provided
it
to keep
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3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Personally, I have benefited a lot from 9._________________
(technology) advances. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look 10._____ the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
technological
on
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Ⅳ完形填空
Making a family
For years, Dad had avoided getting a dog. Whenever
the. .1. .came up, Dad complained, “Dogs are a pain. I don't want
to be . .2. ..” Despite his strong opposition, Mum brought home a
puppy named Chip, a cute ball that . .3. . us all.
For me, at age thirteen, Chip brought out my. .4. .side. I fed,
brushed and walked him every day.
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
I also learned that when we take care of what is important to us,
we . .5. .the benefits. And this . .6. .stayed with me as I grew. At that
time, Chip meant a loyal (忠诚的) companion, someone to . .7. . me
at the door when I returned, and someone to kiss my face when I
was sad.
Chip even . .8. . Dad. It was nearly a month before Chip's . .9. .
personality won him over. Dad was the first to . .10. . him to sit on
the sofa. He even made chew toys for Chip to play with.
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
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12
13
14
15
Most . .11. ., Chip brought us together as a family. After dinner,
instead of escaping to our bedrooms as before, we all . .12. .Chip
into the family room. We'd teach him new . .13. .or perfect his old
ones. We'd recall stories of the cute things he'd done that day. The
key is that we'd do this together.
People sometimes complain that dog lovers are. .14. .humanity;
rather, their pets stimulate the . .15. . of their humanity.
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一只宠物狗影响了全家人
的关系的故事说明，小动物可以激发人性中的美好品质。
( ) 1.A.topic B.news C.problem D.doubt
A
[解析] 此处指提到养狗这个话题，父亲就抱怨。故选A。topic话题；news消
息，新闻；problem难题；doubt怀疑。
( ) 2.A.replaced B.destroyed C.bothered D.controlled
C
[解析] 根据“For years, Dad had avoided getting a dog.”可知，父亲
不喜欢狗，认为狗会打扰他的正常生活，很麻烦。故选C。replace取代；
destroy毁灭，破坏；bother打扰；control控制。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
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12
13
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15
( ) 3.A.defeated B.challenged C.discouraged D.transformed
D
[解析] 根据下文及语境可知，此处指小狗改变了我们一家。故选D。defeat打
败，击败；challenge挑战；discourage阻止，劝阻，使灰心；transform改变。
( ) 4.A.awkward B.responsible C.generous D.creative
B
[解析] 根据“I fed, brushed and walked him every day. I also
learned…”可知，作者每天负责喂小狗，给它洗澡，遛它。由此推断，小狗
使作者变得有责任心了。故选B。awkward令人尴尬的，难对付的，局促不安
的；responsible负责任的；generous慷慨的；creative创新的，有创造力的。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
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15
( ) 5.A.harvest B.desire C.ignore D.realize
A
[解析] 根据“I also learned that when we take care of what is
important to us…”可知，当我们照顾对我们来说重要的事物时，我们会收
获好处。故选A。harvest收获；desire渴望；ignore忽视，不理睬；realize
意识到。
( ) 6.A.lesson B.habit C.custom D.routine
A
[解析] 根据“I also learned that when we take care of what is
important to us, we…the benefits.” 可知，作者认识到在付出的同时自
己也会受益，这是作者通过养狗学习到的一课，而且这个认知一直影响着作者。
lesson呼应上一句中的learned。故选A。lesson课，教训；habit习惯；
custom习俗；routine日常。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 7.A.seek B.greet C.hide D.assist
B
[解析] 根据常识可知，主人回到家，小狗应该是在门口迎接主人。故选B。
seek寻找，追求；greet问候，迎接；hide隐藏，藏起；assist协助，帮助。
( ) 8.A.feared B.softened C.admired D.strengthened
B
[解析] 根据“Dad was the first to…him to sit on the sofa. He even
made chew toys for Chip to play with.”可知，爸爸是全家第一个允许
小狗坐到沙发上的人，并且给它做玩具。由此可知，爸爸对小狗的态度转变了，
变得柔和了。故选B。fear恐惧，害怕；soften使变软，软化，使态度缓和；
admire羡慕，欣赏，钦佩；strengthen加强，使强大。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 9.A.adorable B.strong C.tiresome D.naughty
A
[解析] 根据小狗在门口迎接主人归来，主人伤心时安慰主人可知，小狗可爱
的性格赢得了爸爸的欢心。故选A。adorable可爱的，讨人喜欢的；strong强
硬的；tiresome 烦人的； naughty淘气的。
( ) 10.A.persuade B.forbid C.allow D.order
C
[解析] 此处指父亲开始宠爱小狗，允许它坐到沙发上。故选C。persuade说
服；forbid禁止；allow允许；order命令，订货，点餐。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 11.A.necessarily B.exactly C.importantly D.entirely
C
[解析] 前文讲了小狗的优点，让每个人都有所改变，该空后讲小狗使我们全
家有了共同话题，有了更多在一起交流沟通的时间，这最重要。故选C。
necessarily必要地；exactly精确地，确切地；importantly重要地；entirely
完全地，彻底地。
( ) 12.A.paved B.dragged C.followed D.pushed
C
[解析] 此处指晚饭后，我们没有像以前那样躲进卧室，而是跟着小狗走进了
家庭娱乐室。故选C。pave 铺平；drag拉拽；follow跟随；push推。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( ) 13.A.languages B.tricks C.subjects D.styles
B
[解析] 根据前面teach可知，我们教给小狗一些玩耍的花样。故选B。
language语言；trick技巧，把戏，花招；subject科目；style风格。
( ) 14.A.satisfying B.inspiring C.changing D.abandoning
D
[解析] 有些人抱怨爱狗人士把狗当成人是放弃人性，人狗不分。故选D。
satisfy满足，使满意；inspire激励，启发；change改变；abandon抛弃，放弃。
( ) 15.A.weakness B.theory C.darkness D.beauty
D
[解析] 作者认为，恰恰是这些宠物激发了人类内在的人性之美。故选D。
weakness弱点；theory理论；darkness黑暗；beauty美。
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Ⅴ阅读七选五
[2024·广东梅州高二期末]
It would be easy to think that since houseplants live inside,
they don't really experience seasons as their outdoor relatives do.
It's true that they're provided with a lot more protection inside.
1.___They do and they'd appreciate a few seasonal changes.
Here is how to keep your plants happy as the summer goes away
and cooler days come along.
F
1
2
3
4
5
If you've given your houseplants outside time in summer, bring
them in before temperatures reach a low of 55 degrees
Fahrenheit.2.____ For example, clear the dead leaves, which can
attract pests. In this way, you won't bring in whatever may be
harmful to your indoor environment.
3.___Fall is the perfect time to leach out(滤掉)any salt by letting
the water run freely out of the bottom of the pot. The water will
also clean off any dust that collects on the leaves.
Give them a trim(修剪). Remove any dead or dying leaves：cut
the leaves that are brown or yellow at the base.
D
B
1
2
3
4
5
For brown or yellowing tips, you can just cut off the unhealthy
leaves. 4.____
Be mindful of extreme temperatures. Being extremely hot or
cold can stress plants out. 5.___Make sure they aren't on the top
of radiators(散热器)or by heaters; likewise, make sure they're far
from doors that are open to the outside.
G
E
1
2
3
4
5
A.Be careful with watering.
B.Give them a good shower.
C.Note when you bring houseplants outside.
D.But you have to give them a thorough check.
E.So be careful about where your plants are living.
F.However, this doesn't mean that they don't know what's going on.
G.But please remember not to remove more than 20% of the
entire plant.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。很容易想到，因为室内植物生活在室内，它
们并不像它们的户外同类那样真正体验季节。文章介绍了如何让你的植物在夏
天过去，凉爽的日子来临时保持快乐。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
F
[解析] 根据上文提示“It's true that they're provided with a lot more
protection inside.”可知，F项(然而，这并不意味着它们不知道发生了什
么。)切题。该项中的however与上文构成转折关系，this指代的是上文中的
they're provided with a lot more protection inside。故选F。
2.____
D
[解析] 根据上文提示“If you've given your houseplants outside time
in summer, bring them in before temperatures reach a low of 55
degrees Fahrenheit.”和下文提示“For example, clear the dead leaves,
which can attract pests.”可知，D项(但你得给它们做个彻底的检查。)切题。
该项中的but与上文构成转折关系，且下文是对该项的举例说明。故选D。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
B
[解析] 此空是段落首句，根据下文提示“Fall is the perfect time to leach
out(滤掉)any salt by letting the water run freely out of the bottom
of the pot. The water will also clean off any dust that collects on
the leaves.”可知，B项(给它们好好洗个澡。)切题。该项是段落中心句，下
文是解释说明。故选B。
4.____
G
[解析] 根据上文提示“对于棕色或黄色的叶尖，你可以直接剪掉不健康的叶
子。”可知，G项(但是请记住不要移除超过整个植物的20%。)切题。该项中
的but与上文构成转折关系，对上文进行补充说明。故选G。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
E
[解析] 根据上文提示“Being extremely hot or cold can stress plants
out.”和下文提示“Make sure they aren't on the top of radiators
(散热器)or by heaters…”可知，E项(所以要认真对待你的植物生长的地方。)
切题。该项中的so表明与上文构成因果关系，又与下文的意思相吻合。故选E。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅵ语法填空
[2024·福建泉州高二期末]
Plastic production is energy intensive (能源密集型的) and
consumes fossil fuels. When burnt, waste plastic gives off heat-
trapping gases and other pollutants. Once such emissions (排放)
reach a certain level, it results 1.____ environmental problems that
will, in turn, harm human beings. All of this makes recycling plastic
waste important.
in
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
China's efforts 2._____________ (recycle) plastic waste have
contributed 3._______________ (significant) to slowing global climate
change, reducing oil consumption and carbon emissions by millions
of tons. China has also prevented 900 million tons of waste from
4._____________________ (generate).
Over the past decade, China 5.____________________ (establish) a
market-based plastic recycling system with wide-ranging coverage,
which accounts for over 45 percent of the world's total recycled
plastic waste. China now has the 6.__________ (large) plastic
recycling capacity (能力) in the world.
to recycle
significantly
being generated
has established
largest
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Its huge plastic recycling industry, which employs about 900,000
workers, recycled 31 percent of the plastic waste produced
nationally in 2021, about 1.7 times 7.______ global average rate.
China has also made great 8._________________ (contribution) to
the recycling of plastic waste from other parts of the world.
Between 1992 and 2018, China recycled 106 million tons of
imported plastic waste, a lot of 9.________ was from the European
Union member states and the United States. This 10. __________
(help) save 318 million tons of oil.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国为回收塑料垃圾做出的努力。
the
contributions
which
helped
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.____
in
[解析] 考查介词。result in“导致”，固定短语，故填in。
2._____________
to recycle
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处应填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰抽象名词
efforts，故填to recycle。
3._______________
significantly
[解析] 考查副词。空处修饰动词contributed，应用副词形式，故填
significantly。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4._____________________
being generated
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。prevent…from doing sth“阻止……做某事”，
空处应填动名词形式作宾语，且动词generate和waste之间是被动关系，故用
动名词的被动式，故填being generated。
5.____________________
has established
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语over the past decade可知
句子时态用现在完成时，主语China表示单数意义，助动词用has，故填has
established。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.__________
largest
[解析] 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的the以及空后的in the world可知此处
应用形容词最高级，故填largest。
7.______
the
[解析] 考查冠词。此处是倍数表达法“数字+times+the+名词”，故填the。
8._________________
contributions
[解析] 考查名词复数。contribution是可数名词，make great
contributions“做出巨大贡献”，此处应用名词复数形式，故填
contributions。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.________
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是imported
plastic waste，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which，故填
which。
10.__________
helped
[解析] 考查动词时态。根据上文内容可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，应
用一般过去时，空格处是谓语动词，用过去式。故填helped。
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10
