Unit 6 Survival
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
【课前自主探究】
Task 1: Fast Reading
1.taking over/entering 2.Reasons 3.Benefits
4.adaption 5.Problems
Task 2: Careful Reading
1—4 CCDD
Task 3: Micro-writing
1.are 2.development 3.for 4.natural 5.who/that 6.to move 7.increasingly 8.their 9.a 10.sharing
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(1)①commitment ②committed (2)①were committed to/committed themselves to ②committed a silly mistake
2.(1)①out of the reach of ②within her reach ③reached for
(2)reach out to classmates in trouble
3.(1)①to be ②estimation (2)It is estimated that
4.(1)①appreciation ②being called (2)①appreciate the beauty of the natural scenery ②I would appreciate it very much if
5.(1)①to/for ②(should) be taken ③crucially (2)①it is crucial to/for/it is of crucial importance to ②which plays a crucial part/role in
6.(1)①to ②restriction (2)are restricted to
句型透视
①Only then did he realize ②can you speak English fluently
③will/can they understand ④Only if athletes train hardUnit 6 Survival
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.1.seaside 2.suburb 3.commit 4.newcomer
5.garbage
Ⅱ.1.greedily 2.thieves 3.is estimated 4.container 5.appreciation 6.survival 7.to 8.for 9.to 10.and
Ⅲ.1.fit in with 2.be responsible for 3.out of reach
4.amount to 5.adapt to 6.have yet to
Ⅳ.1.Spotting/Seeing a big dog stepping towards her
2.No matter how/However busy you are
3.Only then did Jack realize
4.had no choice but to write it down
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在一次野外火灾中,加州消防队长Raley奋力帮助Kumar一家从火灾中疏散的故事。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Raley, a 24-year veteran of wildland fires, had seen nearly everything, including swirling eddies of air called fire whirls.”可知,Raley在应对野地火灾方面有十分丰富的经验。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“‘I’ll lead you out,’ Raley yelled at Kumar. ‘Take your car.’”以及最后一段中“Behind them, the trunk of Kumar’s Tesla was a flame.”可知,Raley让Kumar开着特斯拉跟在他车后,Raley把他带出去。故选C项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“‘Are you okay ’ Raley shouted, though he knew the answer. He was embarrassed. He’d told this trapped family that he would get them out safely. Now they were covered in glass and bleeding. Behind them, the trunk of Kumar’s Tesla was a flame.”可以推断,Raley曾告诉Kumar一家人,他会把他们安全救出,而现在Kumar的妻子和女儿受伤了,Kumar驾驶的车着火了。因此他为自己可能无法安全地救出这一家人感到尴尬。故选B项。
4.C 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了加州消防队长Raley奋力帮助Kumar一家从火灾中疏散的故事;文章倒数第三段中的“I’ll lead you out…”是作为消防队长的Raley对Kumar的承诺,能够概括文章主旨;因此C选项“Lead you out”(带你们出去)适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者经历过暴风雨后懂得了要为下一次暴风雨天气做好准备。作者通过自身经历告诉我们要未雨绸缪,要为人生中会出现的困境做好准备。
1.E 空格处是段尾句,一般起承上启下的作用。根据上文“Our area had just been in the path of Hurricane Irma, causing downed trees and power failure.”及下文“We have had our share of storms in the past—a snowstorm and other heavy snows that knocked down trees…”可知,此处是在描写飓风造成的危害,结合选项可知,选项E (我们被困在黑暗中,与外界隔绝。)与上下文联系紧密且话题一致。故选E。
2.F 下文“It made later storms easier to bear.”以代词it开头,由此可推知,上文是对it内容的具体表述,结合选项可知选项F (那些日子并不有趣,但我们从早期的暴风雨中学到了很多。)是对it内容的具体表述,且与下文衔接自然。选项中的early storms与下文中的later storms相对应,故选F。
3.G 空格处是段落首句,一般起到总领段落的作用。根据下文中“We have…We stock…We make sure…and we purchase food…And we don’t forget to buy emergency chocolate!”可知,本段描述作者应对极端天气的措施。结合选项可知,选项G (现在我们已经储存了尽可能多的必需品,以防可能发生的暴风雨。)与下文内容一致且能总领本段内容。故选G。
4.B 根据下文“Those little storms in our lives are never fun, but they prepare us for the big trials coming to us.”可知,空格处是一个过渡句,由自然界的暴风雨过渡到生活中的“暴风雨”,结合选项可知,选项B (精神上也是如此。)能起到很好的过渡作用。故选B。
5.C 由上文问句“Are you ready for the next storm ”可知,空格处是对此问题的回答,结合选项可知选项C (现在是做好准备的时候了。)承接上文。故选C。
Ⅶ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。武夷山是武夷岩茶在中国的唯一产地,但当地的环境却遭到了破坏,为了在农民生计和当地环境之间取得平衡,武夷山国家公园旨在发展可持续的茶叶产业。
1.that 考查定语从句。所填词在此处引导的是一个限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,又因为先行词 place 被the only修饰,所以用关系代词that。故填that。
2.has been providing/has provided 考查动词时态和语态。分析句子可知,空格处是句子的谓语部分,根据时间状语since the first century CE可知,该空用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。故填has been providing/has provided。
3.eighteenth 考查序数词。根据空前的定冠词the可知,该空用所给基数词的序数词形式,in the eighteenth century表示“在18世纪”。故填eighteenth。
4.popularity 考查名词。分析句子可知,空格处是句子的主语,用所给形容词popular的名词形式popularity,不可数,故填popularity。
5.damaging 考查非谓语动词。空格处为句子的结果状语,应使用现在分词表示自然而然的结果,故填damaging。
6.a 考查冠词。challenge 是单数可数名词,表示泛指,空格处缺少冠词,且unique是以辅音音素开头的单词,故该空用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.Founded 考查非谓语动词。分析该句成分可知,此处是句子的状语部分,所填词与该句的主语it存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故该空用所给动词的过去分词形式founded,位于句首,单词首字母大写。故填Founded。
8.for 考查介词。固定短语account for 意为“占比……”,故填for。
9.authorities 考查名词复数。空格处为句子主语,authority是一个可数名词,又根据后面的助动词have可知,该空用所给名词的复数形式authorities。故填authorities。
10.to come 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,空格处为后置定语修饰名词generations,表示将来,用动词不定式,故填to come。Unit 6 Survival
For centuries, the common view of how domestication(驯化) had occurred was that prehistoric people, realizing how useful it would be to have animals kept for food, began catching wild animals and breeding(饲养)them. Over time, humans created animals that were less wild and more dependent upon people. Eventually this process led to the domestic farm animals and pets that we know today, having lost their ancient survival skills and natural abilities.
Recent research suggests that this view of domestication is incomplete. Prehistoric human beings did catch and breed useful wild animals, but specialists in animal behaviour now think that domestication was not simply something people did to animals—the animals played an active part in the process. The animals which were not too nervous or fearful to live near people produced their babies that also tolerated humans, making it easier for people to catch and breed them.
In this version, people succeeded in domesticating only animals that had already adapted easily to life around humans. Domestication required an animal that was willing to become domestic. The process was more like a dance with partners than a victory of humans over animals.
A traditional theory says that after prehistoric people in Egypt invented agriculture and started farming, rats and mice gathered to feast on their stored grain. Wildcats gathered at the same places to hunt and eat the rats and mice. Over time, cats got used to people and people got used to cats. Some studies of wildcats, however, seem to call this theory into question. Wildcats don’t share hunting and feeding areas, and they don’t live close to people. Experts do not know whether wildcats were partners in their own domestication. They do know that long after people had acquired domestic dogs, sheep and horses, they somehow acquired domestic cats.
【主题词句背诵】
1.lead to 导致;造成;通向
2.ancient survival skills and natural abilities 古老的生存技能和与生俱来的能力
3.wild animal 野生动物
4.play an active part in the process 在这个过程中起积极作用
5.succeed in doing 做成……,成功地做……
6.adapt to 适应……
7.be willing to do… 愿意做……
8.get used to 习惯于
9.long after 很久以后
10.The animals which were not too nervous or fearful to live near people produced their babies that also tolerated humans, making it easier for people to catch and breed them.
那些不太紧张或不太害怕与人类近距离生活的动物所生的幼崽也能容忍人类,这使人们更容易捕捉和饲养它们。
11.Experts do not know whether wildcats were partners in their own domestication.
专家们不知道野猫在它们的驯化过程中是否是(人类的)伙伴。
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
Task 1: Fast Reading
Task 2: Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
( )1.Why does the author mention the crime in the first paragraph
A.To tell us that crimes of this kind are common all over the world.
B.To let us know that the chacma baboon is an intelligent animal.
C.To introduce the topic of the whole text.
D.To explain what the author saw in a seaside suburb of Cape Town.
( )2.What habitats do the wild animals need
A.Habitats that are coloured green by humans.
B.Habitats like crowded cities without pollution.
C.Habitats being green, safe and having enough food.
D.Habitats having many leftovers thrown by humans.
( )3.What keeps the urban animals alive in the cities
A.The food given by humans.
B.The protection from humans.
C.The environment of the cities.
D.The ability to adapt to new life.
( )4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To show his love for the wild animals.
B.To introduce the new neighbours in cities.
C.To share his experience of living with the wild animals.
D.To appeal to humans to live in harmony with the wild animals.
Task 3: Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Special crimes happen in cities all over the world. Who 1. (be) the criminals They’re “urban animals”, who seem to have taken over cities. People often wonder about the reasons behind this mass urban migration. Most people would assume that urban 2. (develop) and climate change are responsible 3. pushing the animals out of their 4. (nature) habitats. However, it’s humans 5. have moved into their territory. With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no choice but 6. (move) in with humans. Yet, for their newest and wildest inhabitants, a city can offer many benefits. As the cities become greener, they offer 7. (increasing) appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats. One thing crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals” is their ability to adapt. Some animals even have changed 8. (they) living habits to fit in with their new homes. But for those animals that don’t adapt, the city can be 9. dangerous or even deadly place. It’s important that humans get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate their wild neighbours. Only then can humans look towards harmoniously 10. (share) their urban habitats.
1.commit v.犯(错误或罪行);承诺,保证;(使)致力于,投入
(教材P82) No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him.
无论他犯了多少罪,警方都无力逮捕他。
(1)commit oneself to sth/doing sth/do sth
承诺/保证(做)某事
(2)commitment n. 承诺;投入,奉献;花费,使用
make a commitment to do sth
承诺做某事
(3)committed adj. 坚定的;尽职尽责的
be committed to sth/doing sth/do sth
致力于,献身于
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Being a good journalist requires writing skills, curiosity and (commit) to finding the truth.
②She is respected by her colleagues and regarded as a (commit) teacher by her students.
(2)完成句子
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写改编] With the help of their father, the twins were confident that they making delicious breakfast.
在父亲的帮助下,这对双胞胎有信心致力于做一顿美味的早餐。
②I in front of so many people yesterday, my face red with embarrassment.
昨天我在如此多的人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误,满脸窘得通红。(读后续写之心理描写)
2.out of reach 遥不可及,够不着
(教材P82) Out of reach from many of their natural predators, these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives. 由于远离了很多天敌,这些新来者在新的城市生活中通常会茁壮成长。
(1)out of one’s reach 某人够不着, 力所不
能及之处
within one’s reach 某人够得着, 触手可及; 在某人力所能及的范围内
(2)reach out 伸出
reach out to sb 向某人伸出援手;联系某人;接触某人
reach (out) for 设法获得;急切寻求;伸手去够
【活学活用】
(1)用reach相关短语的适当形式填空。
①Make sure that you keep all dangerous substances the children.
②She’s grown tall enough, so the door handle is now.
③He the phone and knocked over a glass.
(2)完成句子
Taking part in this activity is not only a good chance to meet students with common interests, but it is of great help to .
参加这项活动不仅是结识有共同兴趣的学生的好机会,而且对帮助有困难的同学也有很大帮助。(应用文写作之建议信)
3.estimate v. & n.(对数量、成本等的)估计;估价
(教材P84) Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone. 最近的研究估计,仅在美国,每年就有4亿至10亿只鸟死于窗户撞击。
(1)be estimated to be/have/cost
估计是/有/花费
It is estimated that… 据估计……
(2)estimation n. (对水平、数量等的)估计;判断,评价
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The company’s market value is estimated (be) worth around $369 million.
②According to a rough (estimate), the beautiful antique vase is worth over a million yuan.
(2)句式升级
People estimate that 80% of all conversations in English is small talk.
→ 80% of all conversations in English is small talk.(it作形式主语)
4.appreciate v. 欣赏;赏识;鉴赏;感激,感谢
(教材P84) However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.
不管它们如何适应我们的城市生活方式,重要的是我们要更好地了解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居。
(1)appreciate sth/doing sth
感激/感谢/欢迎……(不用于进行时)
I would appreciate it if…
如果……我将不胜感激。(it作形式宾语)
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏;感谢;感激
[温馨提示] appreciate作“感激,感谢”讲时,其宾语通常是某人所做的事。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Here I want to express my sincere (appreciate) for your timely help.
②There is no one who doesn’t appreciate (call) by name and asked about some minor details of his or her life.
(2)完成句子
①Tourists can really here.
游客可以真正欣赏到这里的自然风光之美。(话题
写作之旅行)
② you could help me with it.
如果你能帮助我做这件事,我会十分感激。(应用文
写作之求助信)
5.crucial adj.至关重要的,关键性的
(1)be crucial to/for… 对……是至关重要的
play a crucial role/part in sth
在某方面起关键作用
(2)It is crucial that… ……是至关重要的。(从句用虚拟语气,should可以省略)
(3)crucially adv. 至关重要地
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Talent, hard work and strength of will are all crucial career success.
②It is crucial that some necessary measures (take) before it’s too late.
③In the background of global economic development, resources are (crucial) important for national and regional development.
(2)完成句子
①It is advisable for people to take regular exercise for people’s physical and mental health.
定期运动是明智的,因为它对于人的身心健康而言非常重要。
②[2022·全国甲卷] World Oceans Day was set up to raise the awareness of protecting the ocean, the global ecosystem.
世界海洋日的设立是为了提高人们对保护海洋的认识,海洋在全球生态系统中起着至关重要的作用。(应用文写作之保护海洋)
6.restrict v.限制,控制
(教材P85)Some environmentalists argue that we should restrict urban development to leave enough natural habitats for wild animals. 一些环保主义者认为,我们应该限制城市发展,为野生动物留下足够的自然栖息地。
(1)restrict sth to sth=limit sth to sth
限制,限定(数量、范
围等)
restrict sb/oneself to (doing) sth
约束某人/某人自己(做)
某事
(2)restricted adj. 有限的,受限制的;受控制的,受约束的
be restricted to 限制(在某范围)
(3)restriction n. 限制,约束
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Should we restrict our use of this technology the treatment and prevention of diseases
②The park is open to the public without (restrict).
(2)完成句子
Inside these zones, traffic speeds
20 mph. Whoever breaks it will be fined.
在这些区域内,交通限速为20英里/小时。任何违规者都将被罚款。
(教材P84) Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.
只有到那时,我们才能展望和谐地(与野生动物)共享我们的城市栖息地。
only引导倒装句
句型公式
【归纳拓展】
only引导倒装句:
1.发生倒装的条件:(1)only放在句首; (2)句子中出现了这样的结构:only+状语+主句(倒装)。
2.倒装的方式:
(1)含be动词/情态动词/助动词,直接将其提到主语之前;
(2)含行为动词,根据句子的时态与人称,加入适当的助动词,并将其提到主语之前,并还原原来的谓语动词。
3.使用原则:
(1)only修饰主语时,句子不产生倒装;
(2)有主从复合句时,遵循“主倒从不倒”原则。
【活学活用】
完成句子
① the importance of mastering basic learning skills.
只有到了那时,他才意识到掌握基本学习技能的重要性。
②Only by practising more and more .
只有通过越来越多的练习,你才能流利地说英语。(话题写作之语言学习)
③Only when the children grow up their parents’ intentions.
只有当孩子们长大时,他们才会理解他们父母的用意。
④ can they win good grades in the competitions.
运动员们只有努力训练,才能在比赛中获得好成绩。(话题写作之体育运动)Unit 6 Survival
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The diversity of the shells discovered on the (海边) makes the little boy excited.
2.In order to write without being disturbed, he moved to the house he rented in the (郊区).
3.If you (犯) a crime, there is no doubt that you must expect to be punished.
4.Although she is a (新来者), she is possessed of great self-confidence in her present job.
5.In conclusion, g classification is a worthwhile cause which will benefit future generations.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.They were too hungry and (greedy) swallowed what was left of the cake.
2.He exploded with anger the moment he heard the news that his house was broken into by these (thief).
3.It (estimate) that it will take another two days for services to be restored.
4.The (contain) was filled with varied items such as books and toys, etc.
5.People in that poor county expressed their (appreciate) for what the government had done to remove poverty.
6.If cancers are spotted early, there’s a high chance of (survive).
7.Improved consumer confidence is crucial an economic recovery.
8.Tim is so greedy knowledge that he reads every book available.
9.In order to keep healthy, she restricts herself one cup of coffee a day.
10.It is vital to distinguish between right wrong and we should stand by justice.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.He’s never done this category of work before; I’m not sure how he can (与……合得来) the other people.
2.As adults, you should (为……负责) your own life decisions.
3.On our road of life, at times we may have dreams that can seem (够不着) but we can realize them by continuous efforts.
4.The spokesman emphasized that the measures did not (等于) an overall ban.
5.We worry about climate change and its effects but some species can
(适应) the change quite quickly.
6.After all,they believe that the vast majority of dinosaur specimens (还没有) be discovered.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1. , she let out a cry of fear. (非谓语作状语)
看见一只大狗向她走来, 她吓得叫了一声。
2. , your kids deserve your company and care.
无论你有多么忙, 孩子们都应该得到你的陪伴和照料。
3. that Mark was teaching him an important lesson in a gentle and wise way. (部分倒装)
直到那时Jack才意识到Mark正以一种温柔睿智的方式教给他重要的一课。
4.They in case they forgot it.
他们别无选择,只好把它记下来,以防忘记。
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
[2024·山东青岛第二中学高二期末]
Cal Fire captain Shawn Raley barked evacuation (疏散) orders over the radio for the neighbourhood of Sunset Terrace. The sky was red and the wind screamed. New fires lit in bushes and on roofs. Raley, a 24-year veteran of wildland fires, had seen nearly everything, including swirling eddies of air called fire whirls. But he hadn’t seen anything like this.
At around 7:15 pm, he drove towards areas in the wooded hills. He figured that residents would need help to escape. His headlights barely pierced the smoke, but he could see three bulldozers (推土机) inch past him on two-lane Buenaventura Boulevard. Don Andrews drove one; Terry Cummings and Jimmie Jones drove the other two. They were under the swaying electrical line, and Raley shouted at them to move away.
In the driveway of a house, Raley spotted a Tesla with someone in the driver’s seat. Dr Thiruvoipati Nanda Kumar had raced eight kilometres home from Vibra Hospital. His wife, Yasoda, and daughter, Sushma, hadn’t received an evacuation alert, and when the power cut out, their garage door wouldn’t open, locking their car inside.
“Go back!” Raley shouted at Kumar, sounding his siren.
“My wife and daughter are there. Can they come in ” Kumar said, pointing to Raley’s vehicle. He figured they’d be safest with the captain.
“Come in my truck ” Raley asked. “Yes.”
The women jumped into the back seat, coughing. Nearby, flames that climbed 30 metres burned their neighbours’ homes. Soon theirs would fall, as well.
“I’ll lead you out,” Raley yelled at Kumar. “Take your car.”
Debris (碎片) attacked the truck, cracking Raley’s windshield and breaking the other windows as the wind blew the vehicle off the road. The captain threw himself across the passenger seat, protecting his face as the fire passed over them. Yasoda and Sushma screamed.
“Are you okay ” Raley shouted, though he knew the answer. He was embarrassed. He’d told this trapped family that he would get them out safely. Now they were covered in glass and bleeding. Behind them, the trunk of Kumar’s Tesla was a flame.
( )1.What can we learn about Raley
A.He hadn’t seen fire whirls before.
B.He was expert at dealing with wildland fires.
C.He put on the headlight to see clearly in the smoke.
D.He shouted at the workers on the bulldozers to move away the electrical line.
( )2.What happened to Kumar’s family in this emergency
A.Kumar rushed back from work to open the garage.
B.The doctor’s house had been burnt down to the ground.
C.Kumar drove his Tesla following Raley’s truck to get out.
D.The whole family was trapped in the car during the power cut.
( )3.Why was Raley embarrassed in the last paragraph
A.Because he was injured by the fire.
B.Because he might fail to save the family out.
C.Because his truck was blown off the road.
D.Because he found Kumar’s Tesla was on fire.
( )4.Which is the best title of the passage
A.A big wildland blaze
B.A lucky family
C.Lead you out
D.Come in my truck
●Ⅵ 阅读七选五
As my husband and I drove down a country road, we passed a fire station with a sign that read, “Are you ready for the next storm ” Our area had just been in the path of Hurricane Irma, causing downed trees and power failure. 1.
We have had our share of storms in the past—a snowstorm and other heavy snows that knocked down trees, sometimes up to a week at a time. 2. It made later storms easier to bear.
3. We have a battery-operated radio to keep up with the news. We stock up on batteries so that we’d have plenty for extended power failures. We make sure our grill is ready and that its tank is full, and we purchase food that can be easily prepared and then cooked or heated on the grill. And we don’t forget to buy emergency chocolate! We have book lights to read in the dark. We keep our car gas tanks full and have emergency cash on hand.
We’re ready for the next storm, but there was no doubt that we wouldn’t have learned to do all those things if we hadn’t encountered a storm in the past. 4. Those little storms in our lives are never fun, but they prepare us for the big trials coming to us. They can teach us some valuable lessons.
Are you ready for the next storm 5.
A.Thanks to all those storms.
B.The same is true spiritually.
C.Now is the time to get prepared.
D.Everywhere we saw, there was nothing but ruins.
E.We were stuck in the dark and cut off from the outside world.
F.Those days weren’t fun, but we learned so much from those early storms.
G.Now we have stored as many necessities as possible in case of potential storms.
●Ⅶ 语法填空
[2024·湖南雅礼教育集团高二期末]
Known for its beautiful scenery, Mount Wuyi is the only place in the country 1. is home to Wuyi rock tea.
With tea farming dating back over 1,000 years, the mountain’s tea industry has a rich history. The area 2. (provide) tea for people at home and abroad since the first century CE, and in the 3. (eighteen) century, Wuyi rock tea was the most popular tea in Europe. However, its 4. (popular) was gained at the cost of the local environment. Illegal land reclamation (开垦) of tea mountains and the destruction (破坏) of plant resources have occurred frequently, 5. (damage) the environment in the area around Mount Wuyi.
The need to strike a balance between farmers’ livelihoods and the local environment has appeared as 6. unique challenge for the Wuyishan National Park, which covers 1,280 square kilometres as it straddles (横跨) the eastern provinces of Fujian and Jiangxi. 7. (found) in 2021, it was among the first batch of China’s national parks.
The park has a tea farming area of 34.54 square kilometres, accounting 8. 2.7 percent of its total expanse. The 9. (authority) have cooperated with tea experts to develop measures for the protection and improvement of the Mount Wuyi tea industry and biodiversity, ensuring the sector’s sustainability for generations 10. (come). (共76张PPT)
Period One
Starting out & Understanding ideas
For centuries, the common view of how domestication(驯化)
had occurred was that prehistoric people, realizing how useful it
would be to have animals kept for food, began catching wild
animals and breeding(饲养)them. Over time, humans created
animals that were less wild and more dependent upon people.
Eventually this process led to the domestic farm animals and pets
that we know today, having lost their ancient survival skills and
natural abilities.
Recent research suggests that this view of domestication is
incomplete. Prehistoric human beings did catch and breed useful
wild animals, but specialists in animal behaviour now think that
domestication was not simply something people did to animals—
the animals played an active part in the process. The animals
which were not too nervous or fearful to live near people
produced their babies that also tolerated humans, making it
easier for people to catch and breed them.
In this version, people succeeded in domesticating only
animals that had already adapted easily to life around humans.
Domestication required an animal that was willing to become
domestic. The process was more like a dance with partners than a
victory of humans over animals.
A traditional theory says that after prehistoric people in Egypt
invented agriculture and started farming, rats and mice gathered to
feast on their stored grain. Wildcats gathered at the same places
to hunt and eat the rats and mice.
Over time, cats got used to people and people got used to cats.
Some studies of wildcats, however, seem to call this theory into
question. Wildcats don't share hunting and feeding areas, and they
don't live close to people. Experts do not know whether wildcats
were partners in their own domestication. They do know that
long after people had acquired domestic dogs, sheep and horses,
they somehow acquired domestic cats.
【主题词句背诵】
1.lead to 导致;造成;通向
2.ancient survival skills and natural abilities 古老的生存技能和与生俱来
的能力
3.wild animal 野生动物
4.play an active part in the process 在这个过程中起积极作用
5.succeed in doing 做成……,成功地做……
6.adapt to 适应……
7.be willing to do… 愿意做……
8.get used to 习惯于
9.long after 很久以后
10.The animals which were not too nervous or fearful to live near
people produced their babies that also tolerated humans, making it
easier for people to catch and breed them.
那些不太紧张或不太害怕与人类近距离生活的动物所生的幼崽也能容忍人类,这
使人们更容易捕捉和饲养它们。
11.Experts do not know whether wildcats were partners in their
own domestication.
专家们不知道野猫在它们的驯化过程中是否是(人类的)伙伴。
主题素养积累
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
Task 1: Fast Reading
taking over/entering
Reasons
Benefits
adaption
Problems
Task 2: Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the
text.
( ) 1.Why does the author mention the crime in the first
paragraph
C
A.To tell us that crimes of this kind are common all over the world.
B.To let us know that the chacma baboon is an intelligent animal.
C.To introduce the topic of the whole text.
D.To explain what the author saw in a seaside suburb of Cape
Town.
( ) 2.What habitats do the wild animals need
C
A.Habitats that are coloured green by humans.
B.Habitats like crowded cities without pollution.
C.Habitats being green, safe and having enough food.
D.Habitats having many leftovers thrown by humans.
( ) 3.What keeps the urban animals alive in the cities
D
A.The food given by humans.
B.The protection from humans.
C.The environment of the cities.
D.The ability to adapt to new life.
( ) 4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text
D
A.To show his love for the wild animals.
B.To introduce the new neighbours in cities.
C.To share his experience of living with the wild animals.
D.To appeal to humans to live in harmony with the wild animals.
Task 3: Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Special crimes happen in cities all over the world. Who 1._____
(be) the criminals They're “urban animals”, who seem to have
taken over cities. People often wonder about the reasons behind
this mass urban migration. Most people would assume that urban
2._________________(develop) and climate change are responsible
3._____ pushing the animals out of their 4.__________(nature)
habitats. However, it's humans 5.____________ have moved into their
territory. With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no
are
development
for
natural
who/that
choice but 6.____________ (move) in with humans. Yet, for their
newest and wildest inhabitants, a city can offer many benefits. As
the cities become greener, they offer 7._______________(increasing)
appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats. One thing
crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals” is their
ability to adapt. Some animals even have changed 8._______ (they)
living habits to fit in with their new homes. But for those animals
to move
increasingly
their
that don't adapt, the city can be 9.___ dangerous or even deadly
place. It's important that humans get a better understanding of
and even learn to appreciate their wild neighbours. Only then can
humans look towards harmoniously 10.__________(share) their urban
habitats.
a
sharing
1.commit v.犯(错误或罪行);承诺,保证;(使)致力于,投入
(教材P82) No matter how many crimes he committed, the police
were powerless to arrest him.无论他犯了多少罪,警方都无力逮捕他。
(1)commit oneself to sth/doing sth/do sth 承诺/保证(做)某事
(2)commitment n. 承诺；投入,奉献;花费，使用
make a commitment to do sth 承诺做某事
(3)committed adj. 坚定的;尽职尽责的
be committed to sth/doing sth/do sth 致力于,献身于
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Being a good journalist requires writing skills, curiosity and
_________________(commit) to finding the truth.
②She is respected by her colleagues and regarded as a
______________(commit) teacher by her students.
commitment
committed
(2)完成句子
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写改编] With the help of their father,
the twins were confident that they ________________________________
__________________________________ making delicious breakfast.
在父亲的帮助下,这对双胞胎有信心致力于做一顿美味的早餐。
were committed to/
committed themselves to
②I ________________________________ in front of so many people
yesterday, my face red with embarrassment.
昨天我在如此多的人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误，满脸窘得通红。(读后续写之
心理描写)
committed a silly mistake
2.out of reach 遥不可及，够不着
(教材P82) Out of reach from many of their natural predators, these
newcomers often flourish in their new city lives. 由于远离了很多天敌，
这些新来者在新的城市生活中通常会茁壮成长。
(1)out of one's reach 某人够不着, 力所不能及之处
within one's reach 某人够得着, 触手可及; 在某人力所能及的范围内
(2)reach out 伸出
reach out to sb 向某人伸出援手；联系某人；接触某人
reach (out) for 设法获得；急切寻求；伸手去够
【活学活用】
(1)用reach相关短语的适当形式填空。
①Make sure that you keep all dangerous substances
_________________________ the children.
②She's grown tall enough, so the door handle is
_____________________now.
③He _______________ the phone and knocked over a glass.
out of the reach of
within her reach
reached for
(2)完成句子
Taking part in this activity is not only a good chance to meet
students with common interests, but it is of great help to
___________________________________________.
参加这项活动不仅是结识有共同兴趣的学生的好机会，而且对帮助有困难的同
学也有很大帮助。(应用文写作之建议信)
reach out to classmates in trouble
3.estimate v. & n.(对数量、成本等的)估计;估价
(教材P84) Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1
billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone.
最近的研究估计,仅在美国,每年就有4亿至10亿只鸟死于窗户撞击。
(1)be estimated to be/have/cost 估计是/有/花费
It is estimated that… 据估计……
(2)estimation n. (对水平、数量等的)估计;判断,评价
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The company's market value is estimated ________ (be) worth
around $369 million.
②According to a rough ______________ (estimate), the beautiful
antique vase is worth over a million yuan.
to be
estimation
(2)句式升级
People estimate that 80% of all conversations in English is small
talk.
→_________________________ 80% of all conversations in English is
small talk.(it作形式主语)
It is estimated that
4.appreciate v. 欣赏;赏识;鉴赏;感激,感谢
(教材P84) However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it's
important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to
appreciate our wild neighbours. 不管它们如何适应我们的城市生活方式,
重要的是我们要更好地了解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居。
(1)appreciate sth/doing sth 感激/感谢/欢迎……(不用于进行时)
I would appreciate it if… 如果……我将不胜感激。(it作形式宾语)
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏;感谢;感激
［温馨提示］ appreciate作“感激,感谢”讲时,其宾语通常是某人所做的事。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Here I want to express my sincere ________________ (appreciate)
for your timely help.
②There is no one who doesn't appreciate ________________(call) by
name and asked about some minor details of his or her life.
appreciation
being called
(2)完成句子
①Tourists can really _______________________________________________
_________ here.
游客可以真正欣赏到这里的自然风光之美。(话题写作之旅行)
appreciate the beauty of the natural scenery
②___________________________________________ you could help me
with it.
如果你能帮助我做这件事,我会十分感激。(应用文写作之求助信)
I would appreciate it very much if
5.crucial adj.至关重要的,关键性的
(1)be crucial to/for… 对……是至关重要的
play a crucial role/part in sth 在某方面起关键作用
(2)It is crucial that… ……是至关重要的。(从句用虚拟语气,
should可以省略)
(3)crucially adv. 至关重要地
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Talent, hard work and strength of will are all crucial ________
career success.
②It is crucial that some necessary measures _______________________
(take) before it's too late.
to/for
(should) be taken
③In the background of global economic development, resources
are ___________ (crucial) important for national and regional
development.
crucially
(2)完成句子
①It is advisable for people to take regular exercise for
__________________________________________________________ people's
physical and mental health.
定期运动是明智的,因为它对于人的身心健康而言非常重要。
it is crucial to/for/it is of crucial importance to
②[2022·全国甲卷] World Oceans Day was set up to raise the
awareness of protecting the ocean, ________________________________
______________ the global ecosystem.
世界海洋日的设立是为了提高人们对保护海洋的认识，海洋在全球生态系统中
起着至关重要的作用。(应用文写作之保护海洋)
which plays a crucial part/role in
6.restrict v.限制,控制
(教材P85)Some environmentalists argue that we should restrict
urban development to leave enough natural habitats for wild
animals. 一些环保主义者认为,我们应该限制城市发展,为野生动物留下足够的
自然栖息地。
(1)restrict sth to sth=limit sth to sth 限制,限定(数量、范围等)
restrict sb/oneself to (doing) sth 约束某人/某人自己(做)某事
(2)restricted adj. 有限的,受限制的;受控制的,受约束的
be restricted to 限制(在某范围)
(3)restriction n. 限制,约束
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Should we restrict our use of this technology____the treatment
and prevention of diseases
②The park is open to the public without _____________(restrict).
to
restriction
(2)完成句子
Inside these zones, traffic speeds_____________________20 mph.
Whoever breaks it will be fined.
在这些区域内，交通限速为20英里/小时。任何违规者都将被罚款。
are restricted to
(教材P84) Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing
our urban habitats.
只有到那时,我们才能展望和谐地(与野生动物)共享我们的城市栖息地。
句型公式
only引导倒装句
【归纳拓展】
only引导倒装句:
1.发生倒装的条件:(1)only放在句首; (2)句子中出现了这样的结构:only+状语+
主句(倒装)。
2.倒装的方式:
(1)含be动词/情态动词/助动词,直接将其提到主语之前;
(2)含行为动词,根据句子的时态与人称,加入适当的助动词,并将其提到主语之前,
并还原原来的谓语动词。
3.使用原则:
(1)only修饰主语时,句子不产生倒装;
(2)有主从复合句时,遵循“主倒从不倒”原则。
【活学活用】
完成句子
①_______________________________ the importance of mastering basic
learning skills.
只有到了那时,他才意识到掌握基本学习技能的重要性。
Only then did he realize
②Only by practising more and more ______________________________
_________.
只有通过越来越多的练习,你才能流利地说英语。(话题写作之语言学习)
can you speak English fluently
③Only when the children grow up _______________________________
their parents' intentions.
只有当孩子们长大时,他们才会理解他们父母的用意。
will/can they understand
④_________________________________ can they win good grades in
the competitions.
运动员们只有努力训练,才能在比赛中获得好成绩。(话题写作之体育运动)
Only if athletes train hard
练 习 册
Ⅰ单词拼写
1.The diversity of the shells discovered on the __________ (海边)
makes the little boy excited.
seaside
2.In order to write without being disturbed, he moved to the
house he rented in the __________(郊区).
suburb
1
2
3
4
5
3.If you ___________(犯) a crime, there is no doubt that you must
expect to be punished.
commit
4.Although she is a ______________(新来者), she is possessed of
great self-confidence in her present job.
newcomer
5.In conclusion, g___________ classification is a worthwhile cause
which will benefit future generations.
arbage
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅱ单句填空
1.They were too hungry and___________ (greedy) swallowed what
was left of the cake.
greedily
2.He exploded with anger the moment he heard the news that his
house was broken into by these __________ (thief).
thieves
3.It ________________ (estimate) that it will take another two days
for services to be restored.
is estimated
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.The _____________(contain) was filled with varied items such as
books and toys, etc.
container
5.People in that poor county expressed their ________________
(appreciate) for what the government had done to remove poverty.
appreciation
6.If cancers are spotted early, there's a high chance of
__________(survive).
survival
7.Improved consumer confidence is crucial____ an economic
recovery.
to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.Tim is so greedy _____ knowledge that he reads every book
available.
for
9.In order to keep healthy, she restricts herself ____ one cup of
coffee a day.
to
10.It is vital to distinguish between right ______ wrong and we
should stand by justice.
and
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅲ短语填空
1.He's never done this category of work before; I'm not sure how
he can ______________(与……合得来) the other people.
fit in with
2.As adults, you should ________________________ (为……负责) your
own life decisions.
be responsible for
3.On our road of life, at times we may have dreams that can
seem_________________ (够不着) but we can realize them by
continuous efforts.
out of reach
1
2
3
4
5
6
4.The spokesman emphasized that the measures did not
______________ (等于) an overall ban.
amount to
5.We worry about climate change and its effects but some species
can____________(适应) the change quite quickly.
adapt to
6.After all,they believe that the vast majority of dinosaur specimens
_______________(还没有) be discovered.
have yet to
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅳ句型训练
1.____________________________________________________________, she l
et out a cry of fear. (非谓语作状语)
看见一只大狗向她走来, 她吓得叫了一声。
Spotting/Seeing a big dog stepping towards her
2.________________________________________________, your kids
deserve your company and care.
无论你有多么忙, 孩子们都应该得到你的陪伴和照料。
No matter how/However busy you are
1
2
3
4
3._________________________________ that Mark was teaching him an
important lesson in a gentle and wise way. (部分倒装)
直到那时Jack才意识到Mark正以一种温柔睿智的方式教给他重要的一课。
Only then did Jack realize
4.They _____________________________________________in case they
forgot it.
他们别无选择，只好把它记下来，以防忘记。
had no choice but to write it down
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ阅读理解
[2024·山东青岛第二中学高二期末]
Cal Fire captain Shawn Raley barked evacuation (疏散) orders
over the radio for the neighbourhood of Sunset Terrace. The sky
was red and the wind screamed. New fires lit in bushes and on
roofs. Raley, a 24-year veteran of wildland fires, had seen nearly
everything, including swirling eddies of air called fire whirls. But he
hadn't seen anything like this.
1
2
3
4
At around 7:15 pm, he drove towards areas in the wooded
hills. He figured that residents would need help to escape. His
headlights barely pierced the smoke, but he could see three
bulldozers (推土机) inch past him on two-lane Buenaventura
Boulevard. Don Andrews drove one; Terry Cummings and Jimmie
Jones drove the other two. They were under the swaying electrical
line, and Raley shouted at them to move away.
1
2
3
4
In the driveway of a house, Raley spotted a Tesla with
someone in the driver's seat. Dr Thiruvoipati Nanda Kumar had
raced eight kilometres home from Vibra Hospital. His wife, Yasoda,
and daughter, Sushma, hadn't received an evacuation alert, and
when the power cut out, their garage door wouldn't open, locking
their car inside.
“Go back!” Raley shouted at Kumar, sounding his siren.
“My wife and daughter are there. Can they come in ” Kumar
said, pointing to Raley's vehicle. He figured they'd be safest with
the captain.
1
2
3
4
“Come in my truck ” Raley asked. “Yes.”
The women jumped into the back seat, coughing. Nearby,
flames that climbed 30 metres burned their neighbours' homes.
Soon theirs would fall, as well.
“I'll lead you out,” Raley yelled at Kumar. “Take your car.”
Debris (碎片) attacked the truck, cracking Raley's windshield
and breaking the other windows as the wind blew the vehicle off
the road. The captain threw himself across the passenger seat,
protecting his face as the fire passed over them. Yasoda and
Sushma screamed.
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“Are you okay ” Raley shouted, though he knew the answer.
He was embarrassed. He'd told this trapped family that he would
get them out safely. Now they were covered in glass and bleeding.
Behind them, the trunk of Kumar's Tesla was a flame.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在一次野外火灾中，加州消防队
长Raley奋力帮助Kumar一家从火灾中疏散的故事。
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( ) 1.What can we learn about Raley
B
A.He hadn't seen fire whirls before.
B.He was expert at dealing with wildland fires.
C.He put on the headlight to see clearly in the smoke.
D.He shouted at the workers on the bulldozers to move away the
electrical line.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Raley, a 24-year veteran of
wildland fires, had seen nearly everything, including swirling eddies
of air called fire whirls.”可知，Raley在应对野地火灾方面有十分丰富的经
验。故选B项。
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( ) 2.What happened to Kumar's family in this emergency
C
A.Kumar rushed back from work to open the garage.
B.The doctor's house had been burnt down to the ground.
C.Kumar drove his Tesla following Raley's truck to get out.
D.The whole family was trapped in the car during the power cut.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“‘I'll lead you out,’ Raley yelled
at Kumar. ‘Take your car.’”以及最后一段中“Behind them, the
trunk of Kumar's Tesla was a flame.”可知，Raley让Kumar开着特斯拉
跟在他车后，Raley把他带出去。故选C项。
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( ) 3.Why was Raley embarrassed in the last paragraph
B
A.Because he was injured by the fire.
B.Because he might fail to save the family out.
C.Because his truck was blown off the road.
D.Because he found Kumar's Tesla was on fire.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“‘Are you okay ’ Raley
shouted, though he knew the answer. He was embarrassed. He'd
told this trapped family that he would get them out safely. Now
they were covered in glass and bleeding. Behind them, the trunk
of Kumar's Tesla was a flame.”可以推断，Raley曾告诉Kumar一家人，
他会把他们安全救出，而现在Kumar的妻子和女儿受伤了，Kumar驾驶的车
着火了。因此他为自己可能无法安全地救出这一家人感到尴尬。故选B项。
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( ) 4.Which is the best title of the passage
C
A.A big wildland blaze B.A lucky family
C.Lead you out D.Come in my truck
[解析] 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了加州消防队长Raley奋力帮助Kumar一家
从火灾中疏散的故事；文章倒数第三段中的“I'll lead you out…”是作为消
防队长的Raley对Kumar的承诺，能够概括文章主旨；因此C选项“Lead you
out”(带你们出去)适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。
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Ⅵ阅读七选五
As my husband and I drove down a country road, we passed a
fire station with a sign that read, “Are you ready for the next
storm ” Our area had just been in the path of Hurricane Irma,
causing downed trees and power failure. 1.___
We have had our share of storms in the past—a snowstorm
and other heavy snows that knocked down trees, sometimes up to
a week at a time. 2.___ It made later storms easier to bear.
E
F
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3.____ We have a battery-operated radio to keep up with the
news. We stock up on batteries so that we'd have plenty for
extended power failures. We make sure our grill is ready and that
its tank is full, and we purchase food that can be easily prepared
and then cooked or heated on the grill. And we don't forget to
buy emergency chocolate! We have book lights to read in the dark.
We keep our car gas tanks full and have emergency cash on hand.
G
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We're ready for the next storm, but there was no doubt that
we wouldn't have learned to do all those things if we hadn't
encountered a storm in the past. 4.___ Those little storms in our
lives are never fun, but they prepare us for the big trials coming
to us. They can teach us some valuable lessons.
Are you ready for the next storm 5.___
B
C
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A.Thanks to all those storms.
B.The same is true spiritually.
C.Now is the time to get prepared.
D.Everywhere we saw, there was nothing but ruins.
E.We were stuck in the dark and cut off from the outside world.
F.Those days weren't fun, but we learned so much from those early
storms.
G.Now we have stored as many necessities as possible in case of
potential storms.
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3
4
5
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者经历过暴风雨后懂得了要为下一次
暴风雨天气做好准备。作者通过自身经历告诉我们要未雨绸缪,要为人生中会出
现的困境做好准备。
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1.___
E
[解析] 空格处是段尾句,一般起承上启下的作用。根据上文“Our area had
just been in the path of Hurricane Irma, causing downed trees and
power failure.”及下文“We have had our share of storms in the
past—a snowstorm and other heavy snows that knocked down
trees…”可知,此处是在描写飓风造成的危害,结合选项可知,选项E (我们被困在
黑暗中,与外界隔绝。)与上下文联系紧密且话题一致。故选E。
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2.___
F
[解析] 下文“It made later storms easier to bear.”以代词it开头,由此可
推知,上文是对it内容的具体表述,结合选项可知选项F (那些日子并不有趣,但我
们从早期的暴风雨中学到了很多。)是对it内容的具体表述,且与下文衔接自然。
选项中的early storms与下文中的later storms相对应,故选F。
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3.____
G
[解析] 空格处是段落首句,一般起到总领段落的作用。根据下文中“We
have…We stock…We make sure…and we purchase food…And we
don't forget to buy emergency chocolate!”可知,本段描述作者应对极端
天气的措施。结合选项可知,选项G (现在我们已经储存了尽可能多的必需品,以
防可能发生的暴风雨。)与下文内容一致且能总领本段内容。故选G。
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4.___
B
[解析] 根据下文“Those little storms in our lives are never fun, but
they prepare us for the big trials coming to us.”可知,空格处是一个过
渡句,由自然界的暴风雨过渡到生活中的“暴风雨”,结合选项可知,选项B
(精神上也是如此。)能起到很好的过渡作用。故选B。
5.___
C
[解析] 由上文问句“Are you ready for the next storm ”可知,空格处是
对此问题的回答,结合选项可知选项C (现在是做好准备的时候了。)承接上文。
故选C。
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Ⅶ语法填空
[2024·湖南雅礼教育集团高二期末]
Known for its beautiful scenery, Mount Wuyi is the only place
in the country 1.______ is home to Wuyi rock tea.
that
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With tea farming dating back over 1,000 years, the mountain's
tea industry has a rich history. The area 2._________________________
_________________(provide) tea for people at home and abroad since the first century CE, and in the 3.______________ (eighteen) century, Wuyi rock tea was the most popular tea in Europe. However, its 4.______________ (popular) was gained at the cost of the local environment. Illegal land reclamation (开垦) of tea mountains and the destruction (破坏) of plant resources have occurred frequently, 5._____________ (damage) the environment in the area around Mount Wuyi.
has been providing/
has provided
eighteenth
popularity
damaging
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7
8
9
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The need to strike a balance between farmers' livelihoods and
the local environment has appeared as 6.___ unique challenge for
the Wuyishan National Park, which covers 1,280 square kilometres
as it straddles (横跨) the eastern provinces of Fujian and Jiangxi.
7.____________ (found) in 2021, it was among the first batch of
China's national parks.
a
Founded
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The park has a tea farming area of 34.54 square kilometres,
accounting 8._____ 2.7 percent of its total expanse. The
9.______________ (authority) have cooperated with tea experts to
develop measures for the protection and improvement of the
Mount Wuyi tea industry and biodiversity, ensuring the sector's
sustainability for generations 10.____________ (come).
for
authorities
to come
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。武夷山是武夷岩茶在中国的唯一产地，但当
地的环境却遭到了破坏，为了在农民生计和当地环境之间取得平衡，武夷山国
家公园旨在发展可持续的茶叶产业。
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1.______
that
[解析] 考查定语从句。所填词在此处引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句中
缺少主语，又因为先行词 place 被the only修饰，所以用关系代词that。故
填that。
2._________________________________________
has been providing/has provided
[解析] 考查动词时态和语态。分析句子可知，空格处是句子的谓语部分，根
据时间状语since the first century CE可知，该空用现在完成进行时或现在
完成时。故填has been providing/has provided。
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3
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5
6
7
8
9
10
3.______________
eighteenth
[解析] 考查序数词。根据空前的定冠词the可知，该空用所给基数词的序数词
形式，in the eighteenth century表示“在18世纪”。故填eighteenth。
4.______________
popularity
[解析] 考查名词。分析句子可知，空格处是句子的主语，用所给形容词
popular的名词形式popularity，不可数，故填popularity。
5._____________
damaging
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空格处为句子的结果状语，应使用现在分词表示自
然而然的结果，故填damaging。
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6.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。challenge 是单数可数名词，表示泛指，空格处缺少冠词，
且unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，故该空用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.____________
Founded
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析该句成分可知，此处是句子的状语部分，所填
词与该句的主语it存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故该空用所给动词的过去分词形式
founded，位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填Founded。
8._____
for
[解析] 考查介词。固定短语account for 意为“占比……”，故填for。
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9.______________
authorities
[解析] 考查名词复数。空格处为句子主语，authority是一个可数名词，又根
据后面的助动词have可知，该空用所给名词的复数形式authorities。故填
authorities。
10.____________
to come
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语修饰名词
generations，表示将来，用动词不定式，故填to come。
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10
