Unit 5 Languages around the world Words and Expressions 词汇课件(共39张PPT)-2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 5 Languages around the world Words and Expressions 词汇课件(共39张PPT)-2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 |  | |
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(共39张PPT)
Unit 5
LANGUAGES
AROUND THE WORLD
Words and Expressions
1. billion [ b lj n ] n.十亿
dozen 一打; 十二个
hundred 百
thousand 千
ten thousand 万
hundred thousand 十万
million [ m lj n ] 一百万
ten million 千万
hundred million 亿
trillion 万亿; 兆
billionaire 亿万富翁
millionaire 百万富翁
1. billion表示具体的数目，后面不加“s”；表示不确定的数目，后面要加“s”并且组成of短语
two billion people 二十亿人
billions of people 数十亿人
two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋
dozens of people 数十个人
You may set a small goal first, like earning 100 million yuan.
2. native [ ne t v ] n.本地人
adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的
a native of Guangzhou 广州本地人
native speaker 母语人士
native language/tongue 母语
your native land/country/city 你的故乡/祖国/故里
同义：local
反义：foreign
翻译：对学生来说，掌握好母语和一门外语很重要。
It is vital for students to master their native language as well as a foreign language.
3. attitude[ t tju:d] n.态度;看法
attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a(n)．..attitude to/towards...
对……持……的态度/采取……的态度
【完成句子】1. 是你对学习的消极态度使父母生气。
It was ________________________________ that made your parents angry.
2. 我们应该对生活有积极的态度。
your negative attitude towards study
We should have a positive attitude towards life.
表示“态度”的词汇：
opposed 强烈反对的
disapproving 反对的；不赞成的
critical 批评的;批判性的；
supportive 支持的
favorable
approving 赞同的
neutral 中立的
doubtful 怀疑的
sympathetic 同情的
tolerant 宽容的
4. reference [ refr ns]: n.指称关系;参考；参考文献
make reference to 提到；谈到
She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans. 她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。
for…reference 作为参考
I keep the list of numbers near the phone for your reference. 我把电话号码表放在电话旁边，供你参考。
I wrote down the name of the hotel for future reference.
我记下了这家酒店的名字，以后也许用得着。
[翻译] 针对这个问题，我有几项建议供你参考。
As for this problem, I have some suggestions/some pieces of advice for your reference.
5. refer 提到;参考;查阅;查询;叫…求助于
refer to sb/sth 提到；谈及；说起
You know who I'm referring to.
你知道我指的是谁。
The term ‘Arts’ usually refers to humanities and social sciences.
Arts一词通常指人文和社会科学。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as ________ (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
(2)What really surprised us was that the president spoke at the meeting for nearly two hours without ________ (refer) to his notes.
reference
referring
6. system [ s st m]: n.体系;制度;系统
system of/for sth（思想或理论）体系；方法；制度；体制
a system of government 政体
adj. systematic 系统的；有条理的；有计划有步骤的
a systematic approach to solving the problem
系统解决问题的办法
7. despite [d spa t ]: prep.即使; 尽管
She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring. 尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work. 尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。
同义：in spite of even if/even though
In spite of his disappointment, he managed a weak smile.
尽管他很失望，他还是勉强露出一丝淡淡的微笑。
Even if you have dark skin, you still need protection from the sun.
即使你皮肤黝黑皮肤黝黑皮肤你皮肤你皮肤黝黑，仍需要防晒。
[即学即练] even if 与despite对比填空
(1)________ the fact that Mr. Li is very rich, he leads a simple life.
(2)________ I fail many times, I won't give up.
Despite
Even if
8. ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱
The team had its ups and downs during the season,
这个球队整个赛季的表现时好时坏，起伏不定。
We have had our ups and downs like all married couples.
跟所有夫妻一样，我们的婚姻生活也是既有美满也有摩擦。
优缺点
利与弊 pros and cons
strengths and weaknesses
advantages and disadvantages
9. based adj. 以...为基础的;以…为重要部分/特征的
be based on 以……为根据；根据…；基于
What he said is based on fact.
他所说的话都是基于事实的。
The story is based on real life.
那故事是根据现实生活而写的。
base on 以……为根据
You should base you opinions on facts.
你的意见都要以事实为依据。
Edison based his ideas on scientific experiments.
爱迪生的想法是建立在科学实验的基础上的
base n. 底座；基础；军事基地
basis n. 基础
basic adj.基本的
basic information
基本信息
basically adv.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)________ (base) on a true story, the film is very popular.
(2) ________ his ideas on scientific experiments, Edison put up with many scientific theories.
(2)They have to have a ________ (base) understanding of computers in order to use the technology.
Based
basic
Basing
分词作状语
现在分词：主要用来表示正在进行的动作或者状态和主动的语态
过去分词：主要用来表示已经完成或发生的动或状态和被动的语态。
谓语
宾语
状语
动作的对象
动作承受者
动作的修饰成分
什么是状语？
但是有些状语看不出来是修饰动词，直接用下面的第2种方法判断就可以了。
表示时间、地点、原因、条件、比较、方式、结果、目的、让步、对照的成分是状语。如果这些成分是句子，这些句子就是状语从句。
I saw him at the airport yesterday. 昨天我在机场看到了他。
at the airport是地点, yesterday是时间，都是状语
I saw him when I was at the airport yesterday.
当我昨天在机场的时候，看到了他。
when I was at the airport yesterday是时间，所以是状语，同时也是一个句子，所以是时间状语从句。
10. symbol / s mbl/ n. 象征
symbol of sth
White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures.
在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
symbolic adj. 使用象征的；作为象征的；象征性的
The dove is symbolic of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。
【翻译】我推荐你去参观故宫，那是北京的象征。
I recommend (that) you should visit the Palace Museum, which is a symbol of Beijing.
11. variety [v ra t ]: n. (植物/语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
various [ ve r s] adj. 不同的; 各种各样的
various kinds of 各种各样的
vary with... 根据……而变化
vary from... to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
The menu varies with the season. 菜单随季节而变动。
Tastes and preferences vary from individual to individual.
人的爱好和选择各不相同。
12. major [ me d (r)]:
adj.主要的;重要的;大的
Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.
失业是贫困的主要原因。
n.主修课程;主修学生
He is a history major. His major is history.
他是历史专业的学生。/ 他的专业是历史。
V.主修;专门研究
He majored in History at Sun Yat-Sen University .
他在中山大学主修历史学。
13. means [mi:nz ]: n.方式;方法;途径
a means of 工具；方式；方法；
毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。
There is no doubt that Wechat is an important means of communication.
by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
‘Do you mind if I have a look ’ ‘By all means.’
“我看一眼行吗？”“当然可以。”
by no means = not at all 绝不；一点也不
That was by no means the end of the matter. 事情决不可能到此为止。
by means of = with the help of 借助…手段；依靠…方法
He supported himself by means of a nearby post. 他靠在旁边的柱子上。
14. regard [r gɑ:d]: n. 尊重;关注
v. 把...视为;看待
regard/consider... as... 认为……是……
我一直把他当作亲生儿子。
I have always regarded him as my own son.
with/in regard to sth. 关于某事
With regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully.
关于他的建议，我们将充分讨论。
regardless of 不管;不顾;不理会
I shall always love you, regardless of all the consequences.
我会一直爱你，不计后果。
15. global ['gl b l]: adj. 全球的;全世界的
global climate warming 全球气候变暖
globalize vt. 全球化
globalization n. 全球化
经济全球化
economic globalization
16. appreciate [ 'pri: ie t]: v.欣赏;重视; 感激;领会;增值
欣赏；赏识；重视
His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.
他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。
You can't really appreciate foreign literature in translation. 看翻译作品不能真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。
感激；感谢；
I would appreciate it if you can do me a favor.
假如你能帮我的话，我将不胜感激。
appreciation n. 感激；感谢; 欣赏
express one's appreciation to sb. (for sth.)
(因某事)表达对某人的感激之情
17. struggle [ str gl ] n.斗争;奋斗;努力;难事
v.斗争;奋斗;搏斗;努力
struggle for... 为...而努力/拼搏/奋斗
struggle to do... 努力做...
struggle against/with 与……作斗争
①He's struggling to bring up a family alone.
他独自一人艰难地养活一家人。
②He struggled against the disease for ten years.
他与这种疾病斗争了十年。
③It was a real struggle to be ready on time.
要按时做好准备绝非易事。
18. point of view: 观点;看法
from one’s point of view:
依某人的观点/看法
in one’s view: 依某人的观点/看法
in one’s opinion：据某人看来;
根据某人的看法
19. beg [beg ]: v. 恳求;祈求;哀求
beg sb. for sth 恳求；祈求；哀求
They begged him for help. 他们向他求援。
I beg your pardon. 我请求你的原谅/宽恕。
请再说一遍。
beg sb. to do...
She begged her husband not to go. 她求她的丈夫别离开。
beggar n. 叫花子；要饭
20. equal ['i:kw l]: n.同等的人;相等物
adj. 相同的;同样的
v. 等于;和…相等;比得上
1)Women demand equal pay for equal work.
2)We are all equals at the school.
3)Nobody can equal him in maths.
4)Three and five equals eight.
equally adv. 平等地
Unit 5
LANGUAGES
AROUND THE WORLD
Words and Expressions
1. billion [ b lj n ] n.十亿
dozen 一打; 十二个
hundred 百
thousand 千
ten thousand 万
hundred thousand 十万
million [ m lj n ] 一百万
ten million 千万
hundred million 亿
trillion 万亿; 兆
billionaire 亿万富翁
millionaire 百万富翁
1. billion表示具体的数目，后面不加“s”；表示不确定的数目，后面要加“s”并且组成of短语
two billion people 二十亿人
billions of people 数十亿人
two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋
dozens of people 数十个人
You may set a small goal first, like earning 100 million yuan.
2. native [ ne t v ] n.本地人
adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的
a native of Guangzhou 广州本地人
native speaker 母语人士
native language/tongue 母语
your native land/country/city 你的故乡/祖国/故里
同义：local
反义：foreign
翻译：对学生来说，掌握好母语和一门外语很重要。
It is vital for students to master their native language as well as a foreign language.
3. attitude[ t tju:d] n.态度;看法
attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a(n)．..attitude to/towards...
对……持……的态度/采取……的态度
【完成句子】1. 是你对学习的消极态度使父母生气。
It was ________________________________ that made your parents angry.
2. 我们应该对生活有积极的态度。
your negative attitude towards study
We should have a positive attitude towards life.
表示“态度”的词汇：
opposed 强烈反对的
disapproving 反对的；不赞成的
critical 批评的;批判性的；
supportive 支持的
favorable
approving 赞同的
neutral 中立的
doubtful 怀疑的
sympathetic 同情的
tolerant 宽容的
4. reference [ refr ns]: n.指称关系;参考；参考文献
make reference to 提到；谈到
She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans. 她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。
for…reference 作为参考
I keep the list of numbers near the phone for your reference. 我把电话号码表放在电话旁边，供你参考。
I wrote down the name of the hotel for future reference.
我记下了这家酒店的名字，以后也许用得着。
[翻译] 针对这个问题，我有几项建议供你参考。
As for this problem, I have some suggestions/some pieces of advice for your reference.
5. refer 提到;参考;查阅;查询;叫…求助于
refer to sb/sth 提到；谈及；说起
You know who I'm referring to.
你知道我指的是谁。
The term ‘Arts’ usually refers to humanities and social sciences.
Arts一词通常指人文和社会科学。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as ________ (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
(2)What really surprised us was that the president spoke at the meeting for nearly two hours without ________ (refer) to his notes.
reference
referring
6. system [ s st m]: n.体系;制度;系统
system of/for sth（思想或理论）体系；方法；制度；体制
a system of government 政体
adj. systematic 系统的；有条理的；有计划有步骤的
a systematic approach to solving the problem
系统解决问题的办法
7. despite [d spa t ]: prep.即使; 尽管
She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring. 尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work. 尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。
同义：in spite of even if/even though
In spite of his disappointment, he managed a weak smile.
尽管他很失望，他还是勉强露出一丝淡淡的微笑。
Even if you have dark skin, you still need protection from the sun.
即使你皮肤黝黑皮肤黝黑皮肤你皮肤你皮肤黝黑，仍需要防晒。
[即学即练] even if 与despite对比填空
(1)________ the fact that Mr. Li is very rich, he leads a simple life.
(2)________ I fail many times, I won't give up.
Despite
Even if
8. ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱
The team had its ups and downs during the season,
这个球队整个赛季的表现时好时坏，起伏不定。
We have had our ups and downs like all married couples.
跟所有夫妻一样，我们的婚姻生活也是既有美满也有摩擦。
优缺点
利与弊 pros and cons
strengths and weaknesses
advantages and disadvantages
9. based adj. 以...为基础的;以…为重要部分/特征的
be based on 以……为根据；根据…；基于
What he said is based on fact.
他所说的话都是基于事实的。
The story is based on real life.
那故事是根据现实生活而写的。
base on 以……为根据
You should base you opinions on facts.
你的意见都要以事实为依据。
Edison based his ideas on scientific experiments.
爱迪生的想法是建立在科学实验的基础上的
base n. 底座；基础；军事基地
basis n. 基础
basic adj.基本的
basic information
基本信息
basically adv.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)________ (base) on a true story, the film is very popular.
(2) ________ his ideas on scientific experiments, Edison put up with many scientific theories.
(2)They have to have a ________ (base) understanding of computers in order to use the technology.
Based
basic
Basing
分词作状语
现在分词：主要用来表示正在进行的动作或者状态和主动的语态
过去分词：主要用来表示已经完成或发生的动或状态和被动的语态。
谓语
宾语
状语
动作的对象
动作承受者
动作的修饰成分
什么是状语？
但是有些状语看不出来是修饰动词，直接用下面的第2种方法判断就可以了。
表示时间、地点、原因、条件、比较、方式、结果、目的、让步、对照的成分是状语。如果这些成分是句子，这些句子就是状语从句。
I saw him at the airport yesterday. 昨天我在机场看到了他。
at the airport是地点, yesterday是时间，都是状语
I saw him when I was at the airport yesterday.
当我昨天在机场的时候，看到了他。
when I was at the airport yesterday是时间，所以是状语，同时也是一个句子，所以是时间状语从句。
10. symbol / s mbl/ n. 象征
symbol of sth
White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures.
在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
symbolic adj. 使用象征的；作为象征的；象征性的
The dove is symbolic of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。
【翻译】我推荐你去参观故宫，那是北京的象征。
I recommend (that) you should visit the Palace Museum, which is a symbol of Beijing.
11. variety [v ra t ]: n. (植物/语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
various [ ve r s] adj. 不同的; 各种各样的
various kinds of 各种各样的
vary with... 根据……而变化
vary from... to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
The menu varies with the season. 菜单随季节而变动。
Tastes and preferences vary from individual to individual.
人的爱好和选择各不相同。
12. major [ me d (r)]:
adj.主要的;重要的;大的
Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.
失业是贫困的主要原因。
n.主修课程;主修学生
He is a history major. His major is history.
他是历史专业的学生。/ 他的专业是历史。
V.主修;专门研究
He majored in History at Sun Yat-Sen University .
他在中山大学主修历史学。
13. means [mi:nz ]: n.方式;方法;途径
a means of 工具；方式；方法；
毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。
There is no doubt that Wechat is an important means of communication.
by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
‘Do you mind if I have a look ’ ‘By all means.’
“我看一眼行吗？”“当然可以。”
by no means = not at all 绝不；一点也不
That was by no means the end of the matter. 事情决不可能到此为止。
by means of = with the help of 借助…手段；依靠…方法
He supported himself by means of a nearby post. 他靠在旁边的柱子上。
14. regard [r gɑ:d]: n. 尊重;关注
v. 把...视为;看待
regard/consider... as... 认为……是……
我一直把他当作亲生儿子。
I have always regarded him as my own son.
with/in regard to sth. 关于某事
With regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully.
关于他的建议，我们将充分讨论。
regardless of 不管;不顾;不理会
I shall always love you, regardless of all the consequences.
我会一直爱你，不计后果。
15. global ['gl b l]: adj. 全球的;全世界的
global climate warming 全球气候变暖
globalize vt. 全球化
globalization n. 全球化
经济全球化
economic globalization
16. appreciate [ 'pri: ie t]: v.欣赏;重视; 感激;领会;增值
欣赏；赏识；重视
His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.
他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。
You can't really appreciate foreign literature in translation. 看翻译作品不能真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。
感激；感谢；
I would appreciate it if you can do me a favor.
假如你能帮我的话，我将不胜感激。
appreciation n. 感激；感谢; 欣赏
express one's appreciation to sb. (for sth.)
(因某事)表达对某人的感激之情
17. struggle [ str gl ] n.斗争;奋斗;努力;难事
v.斗争;奋斗;搏斗;努力
struggle for... 为...而努力/拼搏/奋斗
struggle to do... 努力做...
struggle against/with 与……作斗争
①He's struggling to bring up a family alone.
他独自一人艰难地养活一家人。
②He struggled against the disease for ten years.
他与这种疾病斗争了十年。
③It was a real struggle to be ready on time.
要按时做好准备绝非易事。
18. point of view: 观点;看法
from one’s point of view:
依某人的观点/看法
in one’s view: 依某人的观点/看法
in one’s opinion：据某人看来;
根据某人的看法
19. beg [beg ]: v. 恳求;祈求;哀求
beg sb. for sth 恳求；祈求；哀求
They begged him for help. 他们向他求援。
I beg your pardon. 我请求你的原谅/宽恕。
请再说一遍。
beg sb. to do...
She begged her husband not to go. 她求她的丈夫别离开。
beggar n. 叫花子；要饭
20. equal ['i:kw l]: n.同等的人;相等物
adj. 相同的;同样的
v. 等于;和…相等;比得上
1)Women demand equal pay for equal work.
2)We are all equals at the school.
3)Nobody can equal him in maths.
4)Three and five equals eight.
equally adv. 平等地