单元小测(Unit 1)
Ⅰ.1.circumstances 2.mixture 3.fluency 4.sincerely
5.commercial 6.symbolizing 7.Ultimately 8.admission
9.thoughtful 10.an
Ⅱ.1.put off 2.is set in 3.is qualified for 4.live life to the full 5.serve as
Ⅲ.1.when first seeing the car
2.What I saw was
3.so that she could have
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是说明文,介绍了人们有时会自愿选择困难而非轻松的现象,并探讨了这种现象背后的心理机制及其在日常生活中的应用。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“But sometimes—whether it’s running a marathon, climbing a mountain, or assembling furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease. Michael Inzlicht, a psychologist at the University of Toronto, calls this the effort paradox.”可知,努力悖论指的是我们有时会选择困难而非轻松的情况。故选D项。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第三段“In a study by a psychiatrist at Stanford University School of Medicine, mice learned to poke(捅,推)their noses into a hole to obtain juice. When the number of pokes it took to receive juice was raised, or mild electric shocks were given, more dopamine was released in the striatum, a brain region important for motivation and experiencing reward. It also found that people rewarded for choosing a more difficult task opt for the difficult version the next time, even if it no longer comes with a reward. This appreciation of hard work transfers to unrelated tasks, from school and sports to work and parenting.”可知,斯坦福大学医学院的一项研究表明,当老鼠获取果汁需要更多的伸鼻子动作或受到轻微电击时,大脑中会释放更多的多巴胺。人们因为选择更困难的任务而获得奖励,而后还会选择困难的任务并且这种对努力工作的欣赏会转移到不相关的任务中。这说明努力虽然有代价,但也会被重视。故选B项。
3.C 词义猜测题。根据第一段“But sometimes—whether it’s running a marathon, climbing a mountain, or assembling furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease. Michael Inzlicht, a psychologist at the University of Toronto, calls this the effort paradox.”以及第四段“Still, putting down our phones and seeking…may be difficult at first.”可知,exertion 在此处意为“努力”。故选C项。
4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Sometimes the same effort can become boring and frustrating, so keep it fresh: find a new park to walk through or save a favourite show or podcast for the gym. We can strive for a healthier balance between seeking pleasure and embracing challenges,’ Lembke says.”可知,Lembke建议找到一些有刺激性的东西来完成需要努力的事情。故选 D 项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何建立自信,克服自我怀疑。
1.E 根据空前的“Nowadays we are living in the age of anxiety.”可知,当前人们生活在焦虑的时代,结合空后的“When you have faith in yourself, you are best placed to handle the challenges life presents.”可知,自信有助于更好地应对生活中的挑战,由此可知,此空应有承上启下的作用,E选项 (但是你的态度和自信是你治疗焦虑的良药。)讲述的内容提到解决生活中焦虑的方法,与上文为转折关系,且引出下文要讲述的话题,符合语境。故选E项。
2.B 根据本段的主题句“Build your team”可知,本段建议组建团队来解决焦虑问题,结合空前的“Choose your companions carefully.”可知,建立团队需要认真挑选同伴,根据空后的“You need people who ‘get you’, and see your true potential. When the going gets tough, you may need to lean on their belief in you and borrow it until your own has recovered and bounced back!”可知,建立团队后会有更多的人理解你,你有困难时还能依靠他们恢复信心,由此可知,此空讲述的是团队同伴会带来的影响,B选项(他们会滋养你的自信,或者让你的自信挨饿。)中的they指代的为空前的your companions,符合语境。故选B项。
3.F 根据空前的“One of the simplest ways to change your internal state from feeling doubtful to one of enthusiasm and self-belief is to move your body.”以及本段的主题“Move”可知,此处建议通过运动改变内心状态,从怀疑变成自信,F选项 (只需10分钟的快步走就能增加你的能量和积极的情绪。)讲述的10分钟的快步走与运动相关,而且是对空前内容的进一步解释,符合语境和主题。故选F项。
4.G 根据空后的“Otherwise, you could be constantly ‘on’ and your nervous system could be flooded with stress, making it hard for your system to come back to balance.”可知,如果不按照此处讲述的做法,就可能会造成这样的后果,G选项(你需要从24小时的新闻推送和智能手机的闹钟中休息一下。)是空后的前提条件,符合语境。故选G项。
5.D 根据本段的主题句“Stop the criticism”可知,此处建议停止批评以提高自信,结合空后的“There is no one who can do more damage to your self-belief than—you!”可知,没有人比你自己更能伤害自己的自信,由此可推断,此空讲述的应是自己在培养自信方面所扮演的角色,D选项 (你可以成为自己的好伙伴,也可以成为自己的死对头。)与空后讲述的内容一致,且与本段的主题“停止批评”吻合。故选D项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近的一项研究表明将不适作为一个直接目标,这比你专注于你想学的东西更有可能激励你。
1.what 考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,指物,应用what。故填what。
2.to participate 考查非谓语动词。短语assign sb to do sth表示“指派某人做某事”。故填to participate。
3.uncomfortable 考查形容词。此处表示“不舒服的”应用形容词uncomfortable。故填uncomfortable。
4.were told 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态,此处主语为复数意义,谓语用复数。故填were told。
5.greater 考查形容词比较级。此处表示“更大的”应用比较级greater。故填greater。
6.growth 考查名词。空处作介词的宾语,应用名词growth,故填growth。
7.produced 考查动词时态。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填produced。
8.thinking 考查非谓语动词。此处作句子的主语,应用动名词形式。故填thinking。
9.in 考查介词。短语engage in表示“参与”。故填in。
10.or 考查连词。此处为选择关系,表示“或者”应用or。故填or。单元小测(Unit 1)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Dealing with the dilemma of choosing between two equally appealing options can be challenging, especially when external (circumstance) make the decision even more complex .
2.The (mix) of love, friendship, and respect in their relationship created a deep and lasting affection between them.
3.Her ambition to become a diplomat fueled her dedication to learning foreign languages, and her (fluent) in multiple tongues became a valuable asset in her career.
4.The detective (sincere) promised to solve the mystery as soon as possible.
5.After a long day of (commerce) negotiations, the team sought refreshments at a nearby café to unwind and recharge.
6.In the handwritten note there were signatures from members of the soccer team and a lovely hand-drawn smiley face, (symbolize) optimism and victory.
7. (ultimate), this new technology might even make it possible to prevent numerous diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.
8.The boy’s ambition is to gain (admit) to his dream university after so many years of efforts.
9.Never doubt that a small group of
(thought), committed citizens can change the world;indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.
10.As alternative , some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.If it rains cats and dogs, we will have to (推迟) the match until the following day.
2.Finding Nemo (以……为背景) the Great Barrier Reef and it is directed by Andrew Stanton.
3.As an experienced engineer, she (胜任的) handling complex projects, but new challenges and unexpected issues that require creative solutions often arise .
4.After overcoming her fears, she decided to (把生活过得充实), trying new experiences and embracing every moment with enthusiasm.
5.The community centre can (充当)a gathering place for local residents to share ideas and participate in various activities.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.Krystal felt confused , and William explained that he had purchased the car for her.(省略)
当Krystal第一次看到这辆车时她感到很困惑,William解释说他是为她买的这辆车。
2. a small herd of people coming up the road towards me. There was a man in a suit, a woman with a beach towel, and a few others.(主语从句)
我看到一小群人沿着马路向我走来。有一个穿着西装的男人,一个拿着沙滩巾的女人,还有其他几个人。
3.She dreamed of having a van to transport goods for others
another source of income.
她梦想有一辆面包车为他人运送货物,这样她就可以有另一个收入来源。
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·湖南衡阳高二期末]
Smartphones enable our desire for ease and convenience. But sometimes—whether it’s running a marathon, climbing a mountain, or assembling furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease. Michael Inzlicht, a psychologist at the University of Toronto, calls this the effort paradox. While we often avoid hard work, other times we value it, viewing things as more rewarding if we have to work for them.
This phenomenon extends beyond extreme pursuits like mountain climbing or marathon running. Many individuals seek out challenging activities such as puzzles or crosswords because the effort itself is enjoyable. This appreciation of effort is deep-rooted in our brains, as dopamine (多巴胺) encourages us to value tasks that demand perseverance and dedication. “Sometimes effort is the only way that you can test yourself,” says Inzlicht.
In a study by a psychiatrist at Stanford University School of Medicine, mice learned to poke (捅,推) their noses into a hole to obtain juice. When the number of pokes it took to receive juice was raised, or mild electric shocks were given, more dopamine was released in the striatum, a brain region important for motivation and experiencing reward. It also found that people rewarded for choosing a more difficult task opt for the difficult version the next time, even if it no longer comes with a reward. This appreciation of hard work transfers to unrelated tasks, from school and sports to work and parenting.
Still, putting down our phones and seeking exertion may be difficult at first. Anna Lembke, a psychiatrist at Stanford University School of Medicine, suggests building it into our schedule and doing it with friends or for a greater good, like running a race for charity or biking to save gas.
“Sometimes the same effort can become boring and frustrating, so keep it fresh: find a new park to walk through or save a favourite show or podcast for the gym. We can strive for a healthier balance between seeking pleasure and embracing challenges,” Lembke says. “We are born to strive, but it’s up to us to channel that drive in a sustainable and fulfilling way.”
( )1.Which belongs to the phenomenon of the effort paradox
A.Staying in an unsatisfying yet relatively stable job.
B.Throwing ourselves on the sofa after a tiring workday.
C.Eating high-calorie food even though we are overweight.
D.Hiking mountains even though we can take the cable car.
( )2.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.The mice are fast learners.
B.Effort is costly but valued.
C.Hard work always pays off.
D.We feel safe in the comfort zone.
( )3.What does the underlined word “exertion” mean in Paragraph 4
A.Convenience. B.Pleasure.
C.Effort. D.Assistance.
( )4.What does Lembke suggest in the last paragraph
A.Avoiding ease and convenience at all costs.
B.Keeping a balance between your life and work.
C.Never giving up and persevering in the face of difficulties.
D.Finding something stimulating to finish effortful matters.
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·福建漳州高二期末]
Nowadays we are living in the age of anxiety. 1. When you have faith in yourself, you are best placed to handle the challenges life presents. Strong self-belief is your greatest advantage in life. So how do you build self-belief and overcome self-doubt
Build your team
Choose your companions carefully. 2. You need people who “get you”, and see your true potential. When the going gets tough, you may need to lean on their belief in you and borrow it until your own has recovered and bounced back! Above all, do not get isolated (孤独的). We need to connect with others and feel a sense of belonging and community.
Move
One of the simplest ways to change your internal state from feeling doubtful to one of enthusiasm and self-belief is to move your body. 3. You can often find a solution to a problem and a fresh new perspective from getting out of your mind and into physical activity.
Meditate
The philosopher Blaise Pascal said, “All of humanity’s problems originate from man’s inability to sit quietly in a room alone.” You could argue that his words are more relevant in today’s times than then! 4. Otherwise, you could be constantly “on” and your nervous system could be flooded with stress, making it hard for your system to come back to balance.
Stop the criticism
5. There is no one who can do more damage to your self-belief than—you! Show compassion to your “mistakes” and perceived failings. See that no one creates success without learning along the way. Also, let go of what you may be blaming yourself for, either in your professional life or personal.
A.Forgive others, or you may stay stuck in blame.
B.They will be feeding your self-belief or starving it.
C.But we have the power to control what happens around.
D.You can be a great partner or a great enemy for yourself.
E.But your attitude and your self-belief are your cure for anxiety.
F.As little as 10 minutes of swift walking increases your energy and positive mood.
G.You need a break from the 24-hour newsfeeds and alarms from your smartphones.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
We’ve all heard the advice “to get out of your comfort zone” by taking on a new challenge. A recent study goes a step further: make discomfort a direct goal. That’s more likely to motivate you than if you focus on 1. you hope to learn.
In the first of five experiments, the researchers assigned several hundred students training at Second City Chicago 2. (participate) in a small-group improvisation (即兴) exercise, and then instructed half of the group that their goal during the session was “to feel awkward and 3. (comfortable)”. The rest, those in the control group, 4. (tell) to “feel yourself developing new skills”. Members of the first group kept at the exercise longer than the others did and took 5. (great) risks. Experiments involving other dimensions of personal 6. (grow)—engaging in expressive writing, learning about gun violence, and hearing about opposing political beliefs—7. (produce) similar results.
Reframing anxiety as excitement has been proven a way to improve singing in front of strangers, and 8. (think) of stress as a means to boost achievement has also been confirmed.
“When people reinterpret negative experiences as functional, they are more willing to engage 9. tasks that call forth those experiences,” the researchers explain. “Instead of seeing discomfort as unrelated to the goal 10. a signal to stop, they will start perceiving it as a sign of progress towards their goal.” (共40张PPT)
单元小测 Unit 1
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Dealing with the dilemma of choosing between two equally
appealing options can be challenging, especially when external
______________ (circumstance) make the decision even more
complex.
circumstances
2.The ________ (mix) of love, friendship, and respect in their
relationship created a deep and lasting affection between them.
mixture
3.Her ambition to become a diplomat fueled her dedication to
learning foreign languages, and her ________ (fluent) in multiple
tongues became a valuable asset in her career.
fluency
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.The detective _________ (sincere) promised to solve the
mystery as soon as possible.
sincerely
5.After a long day of ____________ (commerce) negotiations, the
team sought refreshments at a nearby café to unwind and
recharge.
commercial
6.In the handwritten note there were signatures from members
of the soccer team and a lovely hand-drawn smiley face,
____________ (symbolize) optimism and victory.
symbolizing
7.__________ (ultimate), this new technology might even make it
possible to prevent numerous diseases from ever developing by
correcting abnormal genes early on.
Ultimately
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.The boy's ambition is to gain __________ (admit) to his
dream university after so many years of efforts.
admission
9.Never doubt that a small group of ___________(thought),
committed citizens can change the world;indeed, it is the only
thing that ever has.
thoughtful
10.As ____ alternative, some farmers have switched to organic
farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when
they shop at the local grocery.
an
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.If it rains cats and dogs, we will have to ________ (推迟) the
match until the following day.
put off
2.Finding Nemo _________ (以……为背景) the Great Barrier Reef
and it is directed by Andrew Stanton.
is set in
3.As an experienced engineer, she _______________ (胜任的)
handling complex projects, but new challenges and unexpected
issues that require creative solutions often arise.
is qualified for
1
2
3
4
5
4.After overcoming her fears, she decided to _________________
___ (把生活过得充实), trying new experiences and embracing
every moment with enthusiasm.
live life to the full
5.The community centre can _________ (充当)a gathering place
for local residents to share ideas and participate in various
activities.
serve as
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.Krystal felt confused ________________________, and William
explained that he had purchased the car for her.(省略)
当Krystal第一次看到这辆车时她感到很困惑,William解释说他是为她
买的这辆车。
when first seeing the car
2.________________ a small herd of people coming up the road
towards me. There was a man in a suit, a woman with a beach
towel, and a few others.(主语从句)
我看到一小群人沿着马路向我走来。有一个穿着西装的男人,一个拿
着沙滩巾的女人,还有其他几个人。
What I saw was
1
2
3
3.She dreamed of having a van to transport goods for others
_______________________another source of income.
她梦想有一辆面包车为他人运送货物,这样她就可以有另一个收入来源。
so that she could have
1
2
3
Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·湖南衡阳高二期末]
Smartphones enable our desire for ease and convenience.
But sometimes—whether it's running a marathon, climbing a
mountain, or assembling furniture—we willingly choose difficulty
over ease. Michael Inzlicht, a psychologist at the University of
Toronto, calls this the effort paradox. While we often avoid hard
work, other times we value it, viewing things as more rewarding
if we have to work for them.
1
2
3
4
This phenomenon extends beyond extreme pursuits like
mountain climbing or marathon running. Many individuals seek
out challenging activities such as puzzles or crosswords because
the effort itself is enjoyable. This appreciation of effort is deep-
rooted in our brains, as dopamine (多巴胺) encourages us to
value tasks that demand perseverance and dedication.
“Sometimes effort is the only way that you can test yourself,”
says Inzlicht.
1
2
3
4
In a study by a psychiatrist at Stanford University School of
Medicine, mice learned to poke (捅，推) their noses into a hole
to obtain juice. When the number of pokes it took to receive
juice was raised, or mild electric shocks were given, more
dopamine was released in the striatum, a brain region important
for motivation and experiencing reward. It also found that
people rewarded for choosing a more difficult task opt for the
difficult version the next time, even if it no longer comes with a
reward. This appreciation of hard work transfers to unrelated
tasks, from school and sports to work and parenting.
1
2
3
4
Still, putting down our phones and seeking exertion may be
difficult at first. Anna Lembke, a psychiatrist at Stanford
University School of Medicine, suggests building it into our
schedule and doing it with friends or for a greater good, like
running a race for charity or biking to save gas.
“Sometimes the same effort can become boring and
frustrating, so keep it fresh: find a new park to walk through or
save a favourite show or podcast for the gym. We can strive
for a healthier balance between seeking pleasure and embracing
challenges,” Lembke says. “We are born to strive, but it's up to
us to channel that drive in a sustainable and fulfilling way.”
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了人们有时会自愿选择困难而非
轻松的现象，并探讨了这种现象背后的心理机制及其在日常生活中
的应用。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.Which belongs to the phenomenon of the effort
paradox
A.Staying in an unsatisfying yet relatively stable job.
B.Throwing ourselves on the sofa after a tiring workday.
C.Eating high-calorie food even though we are overweight.
D.Hiking mountains even though we can take the cable car.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“But sometimes—whether it's
running a marathon, climbing a mountain, or assembling
furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease. Michael
Inzlicht, a psychologist at the University of Toronto, calls this the
effort paradox.”可知，努力悖论指的是我们有时会选择困难而非轻
松的情况。故选D项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 2.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.The mice are fast learners.
B.Effort is costly but valued.
C.Hard work always pays off.
D.We feel safe in the comfort zone.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段“In a study by a psychiatrist at
Stanford University School of Medicine, mice learned to poke
(捅，推)their noses into a hole to obtain juice. When the
number of pokes it took to receive juice was raised, or mild
electric shocks were given, more dopamine was released in the
striatum, a brain region important for motivation and
experiencing reward. It also found that people rewarded for
choosing a more difficult task opt for the difficult version the
next time, even if it no longer comes with a reward.
1
2
3
4
This appreciation of hard work transfers to unrelated tasks, from
school and sports to work and parenting.”可知，斯坦福大学医学
院的一项研究表明，当老鼠获取果汁需要更多的伸鼻子动作或受到
轻微电击时，大脑中会释放更多的多巴胺。人们因为选择更困难的
任务而获得奖励，而后还会选择困难的任务并且这种对努力工作的
欣赏会转移到不相关的任务中。这说明努力虽然有代价，但也会被
重视。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 3.What does the underlined word “exertion” mean in
Paragraph 4
A.Convenience. B.Pleasure. C.Effort. D.Assistance.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据第一段“But sometimes—whether it's
running a marathon, climbing a mountain, or assembling
furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease. Michael
Inzlicht, a psychologist at the University of Toronto, calls this the
effort paradox.”以及第四段“Still, putting down our phones and
seeking…may be difficult at first.”可知，exertion 在此处意为“努力”。
故选C项。
1
2
3
4
( ) 4.What does Lembke suggest in the last paragraph
A.Avoiding ease and convenience at all costs.
B.Keeping a balance between your life and work.
C.Never giving up and persevering in the face of difficulties.
D.Finding something stimulating to finish effortful matters.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Sometimes the same effort
can become boring and frustrating, so keep it fresh: find a new
park to walk through or save a favourite show or podcast for
the gym. We can strive for a healthier balance between seeking
pleasure and embracing challenges,’ Lembke says.”可知，Lembke
建议找到一些有刺激性的东西来完成需要努力的事情。故选 D 项。
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·福建漳州高二期末]
Nowadays we are living in the age of anxiety. 1.___ When
you have faith in yourself, you are best placed to handle the
challenges life presents. Strong self-belief is your greatest
advantage in life. So how do you build self-belief and overcome
self-doubt
E
1
2
3
4
5
Build your team
Choose your companions carefully. 2.___ You need people
who “get you”, and see your true potential. When the going
gets tough, you may need to lean on their belief in you and
borrow it until your own has recovered and bounced back!
Above all, do not get isolated (孤独的). We need to connect
with others and feel a sense of belonging and community.
B
1
2
3
4
5
Move
One of the simplest ways to change your internal state
from feeling doubtful to one of enthusiasm and self-belief is to
move your body. 3.___ You can often find a solution to a
problem and a fresh new perspective from getting out of your
mind and into physical activity.
F
1
2
3
4
5
Meditate
The philosopher Blaise Pascal said, “All of humanity's
problems originate from man's inability to sit quietly in a room
alone.” You could argue that his words are more relevant in
today's times than then! 4.___ Otherwise, you could be
constantly “on” and your nervous system could be flooded with
stress, making it hard for your system to come back to balance.
G
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Stop the criticism
5.___ There is no one who can do more damage to your
self-belief than—you! Show compassion to your “mistakes” and
perceived failings. See that no one creates success without
learning along the way. Also, let go of what you may be
blaming yourself for, either in your professional life or personal.
A.Forgive others, or you may stay stuck in blame.
B.They will be feeding your self-belief or starving it.
C.But we have the power to control what happens around.
D
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D.You can be a great partner or a great enemy for yourself.
E.But your attitude and your self-belief are your cure for anxiety.
F.As little as 10 minutes of swift walking increases your energy
and positive mood.
G.You need a break from the 24-hour newsfeeds and alarms
from your smartphones.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何建立自信，
克服自我怀疑。
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1.___
E
[解析] 根据空前的“Nowadays we are living in the age of anxiety.”
可知，当前人们生活在焦虑的时代，结合空后的“When you have
faith in yourself, you are best placed to handle the challenges
life presents.”可知，自信有助于更好地应对生活中的挑战，由此可
知，此空应有承上启下的作用，E选项 (但是你的态度和自信是你治
疗焦虑的良药。)讲述的内容提到解决生活中焦虑的方法，与上文为
转折关系，且引出下文要讲述的话题，符合语境。故选E项。
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2.___
B
[解析] 根据本段的主题句“Build your team”可知，本段建议组建团
队来解决焦虑问题，结合空前的“Choose your companions
carefully.”可知，建立团队需要认真挑选同伴，根据空后的“You
need people who ‘get you’, and see your true potential. When
the going gets tough, you may need to lean on their belief in
you and borrow it until your own has recovered and bounced
back!”可知，建立团队后会有更多的人理解你，你有困难时还能依靠
他们恢复信心，由此可知，此空讲述的是团队同伴会带来的影响，B
选项(他们会滋养你的自信，或者让你的自信挨饿。)中的they指代的
为空前的your companions，符合语境。故选B项。
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3.___
F
[解析] 根据空前的“One of the simplest ways to change your
internal state from feeling doubtful to one of enthusiasm and
self-belief is to move your body.”以及本段的主题“Move”可知，此
处建议通过运动改变内心状态，从怀疑变成自信，F选项
(只需10分钟的快步走就能增加你的能量和积极的情绪。)讲述的10分
钟的快步走与运动相关，而且是对空前内容的进一步解释，符合语
境和主题。故选F项。
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4.___
G
[解析] 根据空后的“Otherwise, you could be constantly ‘on’ and
your nervous system could be flooded with stress, making it
hard for your system to come back to balance.”可知，如果不按
照此处讲述的做法，就可能会造成这样的后果，G选项(你需要从24
小时的新闻推送和智能手机的闹钟中休息一下。)是空后的前提条件，
符合语境。故选G项。
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5.___
D
[解析] 根据本段的主题句“Stop the criticism”可知，此处建议停止批
评以提高自信，结合空后的“There is no one who can do more
damage to your self-belief than—you!”可知，没有人比你自己更能
伤害自己的自信，由此可推断，此空讲述的应是自己在培养自信方
面所扮演的角色，D选项 (你可以成为自己的好伙伴，也可以成为自
己的死对头。)与空后讲述的内容一致，且与本段的主题“停止批评”
吻合。故选D项。
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Ⅵ 语法填空
We've all heard the advice “to get out of your comfort
zone” by taking on a new challenge. A recent study goes a
step further: make discomfort a direct goal. That's more likely to
motivate you than if you focus on 1.______ you hope to learn.
In the first of five experiments, the researchers assigned
several hundred students training at Second City Chicago
2.______________ (participate) in a small-group improvisation
(即兴) exercise, and then instructed half of the group that their
goal during the session was “to feel awkward and
what
to participate
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3.______________ (comfortable)”. The rest, those in the control
group, 4.__________ (tell) to “feel yourself developing new skills”.
Members of the first group kept at the exercise longer than the
others did and took 5.________ (great) risks. Experiments
involving other dimensions of personal 6.________ (grow)—
engaging in expressive writing, learning about gun violence, and
hearing about opposing political beliefs—7.__________ (produce)
similar results.
uncomfortable
were told
greater
growth
produced
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Reframing anxiety as excitement has been proven a way to
improve singing in front of strangers, and 8._________ (think) of
stress as a means to boost achievement has also been
confirmed.
“When people reinterpret negative experiences as functional,
they are more willing to engage 9.___ tasks that call forth those
experiences,” the researchers explain. “Instead of seeing
discomfort as unrelated to the goal 10.____ a signal to stop,
they will start perceiving it as a sign of progress towards their
goal.”
thinking
in
or
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【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近的一项研究表
明将不适作为一个直接目标，这比你专注于你想学的东西更有可能
激励你。
1.______
what
[解析] 考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，
应用what。故填what。
2.______________
to participate
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。短语assign sb to do sth表示“指派某人做
某事”。故填to participate。
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3.______________
uncomfortable
[解析] 考查形容词。此处表示“不舒服的”应用形容词uncomfortable。
故填uncomfortable。
4.__________
were told
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系，
且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，此处主语为复数意义，
谓语用复数。故填were told。
5.________
greater
[解析] 考查形容词比较级。此处表示“更大的”应用比较级greater。
故填greater。
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6.________
growth
[解析] 考查名词。空处作介词的宾语，应用名词growth，故填
growth。
7.__________
produced
[解析] 考查动词时态。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填
produced。
8._________
thinking
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处作句子的主语，应用动名词形式。故
填thinking。
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9.___
in
[解析] 考查介词。短语engage in表示“参与”。故填in。
10.____
or
[解析] 考查连词。此处为选择关系，表示“或者”应用or。故填or。
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