Period Two Using language
语言精讲
1.(1)①set down ②set aside ③were setting out for
(2)①set up early to avoid missing the moment ②set about; set out
2.①threw her arms around ②threw a smile at her/threw her a smile ③has thrown herself into ④throw it away
3.(1)welcoming (2)①look into ②look through ③Looking back on
语法归纳
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.what 2.where 3.what 4.why 5.that 6.what
7.that 8.what 9.Whether 10.what
●Ⅱ 1.how many periods of the course there are
2.whether they pretended to have found out the truth or not
3.why we should read more classics
4.that he (should) play
5.What surprised me mostPeriod Two Using language
Ⅰ.1.whether 2.how 3.what 4.that 5.what
6.when 7.That 8.where 9.What 10.whichever
Ⅱ.1.There was no doubt that he was homeless
2.what appears to be
3.that he would retire from the position of
4.that he (should) be sent to work in that faraway village
5.Whoever finds the coin
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了科学家在中国秦始皇帝陵的西部墓葬区附近发现了疑似古代羊拉双轮战车的遗骸。
1.what 考查宾语从句。空处应填连接词what引导宾语从句,表示“什么”,作介词of的宾语。故填what。
2.spending 考查非谓语动词。after为介词,其后应接动名词形式。故填spending。
3.inferred 考查动词时态。描述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时。故填inferred。
4.an 考查冠词。find在此处为可数名词,意为“发现物”,此处泛指“一个”,应用不定冠词,extremely的发音以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故填an。
5.to have ridden 考查非谓语动词。sb be said to do sth“据说某人……”为固定句式,动作ride发生在is said 之前,应用不定式的完成式。故填to have ridden。
6.analysis 考查名词。分析句子结构可知,空处应填名词,根据后面的定语从句“…which is currently underway…”中的谓语动词为单数形式可知,空处应用单数名词。故填analysis。
7.wooden 考查形容词。空处应填形容词wooden“木制的”修饰名词chariot。故填wooden。
8.equipped 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语,动词equip与逻辑主语chariot之间为被动关系,且动作已完成,应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填equipped。
9.its 考查代词。空处应填形容词性物主代词its,修饰名词type。故填its。
10.into 考查介词。insight into“对……的了解”为固定搭配。故填into。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者尝试吃生蚝的经历及从中学到的道理——要敢于尝试新事物。
1.A 根据前文the sight of that gluey, shapeless thing可知,生蚝的样子让作者感到不适,所以作者无法接受吃生蚝。故选A。accept接受;explain解释;recognize意识到;seize抓住。
2.C 根据前文“…the sight of that gluey, shapeless thing…Ugh. I just couldn’t…it.”可知,作者接受不了生蚝,所以尝试吃的时候,很害怕。故选C。impatiently不耐烦地;hurriedly匆忙地;fearfully害怕地;gratefully感激地。
3.D 根据后文“…putting the terrible thing into their mouths happily…”可知,其他人非常喜欢吃生蚝,不断地把生蚝放进嘴里。故选D。practise练习;imagine想象;deny否认;keep保持,持续。
4.B 根据后文for not trying them可知,同事们看到作者害怕吃生蚝的样子,会嘲笑他。故选B。take after追赶;laugh at嘲笑;rely on依靠;lie to向……说谎。
5.C 根据前文“…I stuck one with a tiny fork, lifted it onto the biscuit and brought it close to my mouth.”及“I’m no chicken.”可知,作者虽然不是胆小鬼,但吃生蚝对他来说是件很困难的事。故选C。serious严肃的;awkward尴尬的;tough困难的;important重要的。
6.C 根据前文“I had never eaten an oyster.”可知,作者没有吃过生蚝,所以尝试的时候会非常小心。故选C。naturally自然地;jokingly开玩笑地;carefully小心地;secretly秘密地。
7.B 根据后文“…the courage to actually put it in my mouth.”可知,作者最终鼓起勇气把生蚝放进了嘴里。故选B。ignore忽视;gather鼓起(勇气),收集;recover恢复;recall回想。
8.A 根据前文“Something strange happened at that time.”及后文“I wanted more!”可知,作者尝试之后,发生了不可思议的事情,即他发现生蚝很美味,与自己之前的想法完全不同。故选A。delicious美味的;popular流行的;familiar熟悉的;traditional传统的。
9.D 根据前文“I wanted more!”及“…everyone else had already taken my…”可知,当作者想吃更多的时候,发现别人已经把他那份吃掉了。故选D。order命令,点菜;offer建议;bill账单;share一份。
10.D 根据后文“…for too long to try or do something.”可知,通过这件事,作者吸取了教训,发现自己以前遇到过多次这样的情形——等待太久才去尝试。故选D。interest兴趣;strategy策略;truth真相;lesson教训,经验。
11.D 根据后文for too long to try并结合上文提到作者过了很久才敢尝试吃生蚝的事情可知,在生活中他总是等待太久才去尝试或做某事。故选D。plan计划;evaluate评估;argue争论;wait等待。
12.B 根据后文“…not only that it was not terrible,but it was something I really…”可知,通过尝试吃生蚝,作者意识到了有些东西并不糟糕,反而是自己真正喜欢的东西。故选B。announce宣布;realize意识到;regret后悔;expect期待。
13.C 根据前文“I wanted more!”可知,作者吃了生蚝之后,发现自己很喜欢它。故选C。remember记得;value重视;enjoy喜欢;make制作。
14.B 根据前文“…what fun I could have had…”及后文“…try things sooner!”并结合作者之前没有勇气吃生蚝的经历可知,此处指作者认为如果自己更勇敢一点早点尝试的话,自己该多开心。故选B。energetic精力充沛的;brave勇敢的;independent独立的;proud自豪的。
15.A 根据后文“…now I say,‘Eat the oyster!’”并结合上文内容可知,现在作者敢于尝试新事物了,所以当有尝试新事物的机会时,作者会把握住。故选A。opportunity机会;success成功的事;worry令人担忧的事;accident事故。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章阐述了为什么我们的身体需要覆盖物,而脸不需要。
1.B 上文“Firstly, don’t forget that your head does have some insulation(隔热).”提到头有隔热层,空处应该与头和隔热相呼应,说明头部的隔热层是什么。B选项中(它通常有头发,用它来隔热。)出现的hair和insulated与上文对应。故选B。
2.C 根据空前“…because the microclimate around your head will be warmed by heat lost from your head and by your exhaled (呼出) breath.”可知,呼出的热量与C选项中的latter(后者)相对应,指的就是“从肺中呼出的热量”。同时C选项中的lungs和about 33℃对应了前一句中的exhaled和heat,故选C。
3.F 空前“In a cool environment, the hands and feet reduce their blood flow to very low levels.”和选项F(相比之下,流向头部的血液不会减少那么多。)形成对比,同时前文出现的blood和F选项中的blood为原词复现。故选F。
4.E 空前“The temperature of the hands and feet dominates your overall perception of how cold you are.”解释了选项E(这就是为什么你在床上直到脚暖和起来才能睡着。)的原因,前句和E选项构成因果关系,故选E。
5.G 空处位置是在段首,所以应该是本段的主旨句。根据空后“So, it is a good idea to keep the body warm in bed, and then you can leave the head above the covers…breathe fresh air!”可知,头部露在外面是可以的,同时,G选项中的also是关键词,是对上文进行补充,阐述的是我们的身体需要覆盖物,而脸不需要的原因。故G选项(另外,记住脸部是可以经受风吹雨打的。)符合语境,故选G。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了因纽特人的生活方式,包括他们的传统职业、饮食习惯、狩猎方式以及交通工具。
1.and 考查连词。空处前后两个句子之间是并列关系,所以使用并列连词and连接两个句子。故填and。
2.commonly 考查副词。修饰eaten,应使用副词commonly作状语,意为“通常,常常”。故填commonly。
3.an 考查冠词。an average of…表示“平均为……”。故填an。
4.impossible 考查形容词。it be+adj.+to do是固定句型,意为“做……是……的”,其中it作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语。根据句意可知,空处表示“不可能的”。故填impossible。
5.are collected 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处是句中谓语动词,与主语grasses, roots, berries and edible seaweed之间是被动关系,描述因纽特人的生活习惯,是习惯性行为,应使用一般现在时,又因主语是复数,所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态,复数形式。故填are collected。
6.varieties 考查名词复数。varieties of是固定短语,表示“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
7.to gather 考查非谓语动词。此处意为“使用……来做……”,用不定式to gather作目的状语。故填to gather。
8.who/that 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Europeans and Americans,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以应用关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
9.with 考查介词。此处表示“带有……”,所以应用介词with。故填with。
10.covered 考查非谓语动词。 …with animal skins作后置定语,cover(覆盖)用非谓语动词形式,与其逻辑主语wood之间是被动关系,应用过去分词covered表被动。故填covered。Period Two Using language
1.set out 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途;出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作
(教材P71)In more recent times, Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen endured one of the most hostile environments on Earth when he set out into uncharted territory to reach the South Pole—a region of the planet ripe for exploration.
最近,挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森在进入未知领域前往南极时,经历了地球上最恶劣的环境之一,南极是地球上一个适合探索的地区。
set out to do sth=set about doing sth
开始/着手做某事
set out for 动身前往
set aside 留出;把……放到一旁
set down 写下;记下
set off 出发;引发
set up 建起;安装好;调试
【活学活用】
(1)用set相关短语的适当形式填空
①He was asked to the facts just as he remembered them.
②We must some money for a rainy day rather than run out of our income immediately.
③ We were informed that the plane was delayed just as we the airport.
(2)完成句子/一句多译
①[2023·全国乙卷] I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can I am attempting to photograph.
我经常早早离开,以寻找合适的目的地,这样我就可以早点调试(相机),以避免错过我试图拍照的那一刻。
②→After the earthquake, she helping homeless women and children go to a place of safety.
→After the earthquake, she to help homeless women and children go to a place of safety.
地震过后,她着手帮助无家可归的妇女和儿童到安全的地区。(话题写作之灾害预防)
2.throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去
(教材P71)Of course, exploration doesn’t have to mean blindly throwing ourselves into the unknown, and it’s never wrong to think twice before taking action.
当然,探索并不一定意味着我们盲目地投入未知,在采取行动之前再三考虑绝对没错。
throw oneself at 冲向;向……猛扑过去
throw one’s arms around 张开双臂搂住
throw a look/glance/smile at sb=throw sb a look/glance/smile 朝某人看了看/瞥了一眼/笑了笑
throw away 抛弃,丢弃;错过
【活学活用】
完成句子
①She was too excited to see him and she immediately his shoulders.
看到他时她太激动了,然后她立即张开双臂搂住他的肩膀。(读后续写之动作描写)
②When she found Emily in the crowd, Emily turned and .
当她发现埃米莉在人群中时,埃米莉转过身来对她微笑。(读后续写之人物神态描写)
③Since her husband died, she her work to forget her grief for him.
自从她的丈夫去世后,为了忘记失去丈夫的悲痛,她全身心地投入到工作中。
④So rare and precious is this opportunity that I don’t want to .
这个机会是如此难得和珍贵,我不想错过它。
3.look into 调查(问题)
(教材P71)While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations, we should always look into things first and consider our options.
虽然我们没有必要畏避新情况,但我们应该总是首先调查问题并考虑我们的选择。
look into one’s eyes 看着某人的眼睛,注视某人
look out for 留心;当心;提防
look up to 钦佩;仰慕;尊敬
look back on 回顾;回忆
look down on… 轻视/看不起……
look through 透过……看;浏览
look forward to 盼望;期待
[温馨提示] look forward to中的to为介词,遇到动词作宾语时,动词要用v.-ing形式。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·全国甲卷] We look forward to (welcome) you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities.
(2)用look 相关短语的适当形式填空
①The government decided to set up a working group to the issue.
②Sitting in the theatre, I had to the opening between the two tall heads in front of me.
③ my years there, I thought I was lucky to be one member of that club.
Review:noun clauses
复习:名词性从句
【名师指津】
1.连接词的正确选用
(1)that 和what 的选用:what引导名词性从句,除起到连接作用外,还可充当成分,可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。如:
What they care about is whether they can have access to first-hand news.
他们在意的是他们能否获取第一手消息。
That he wants to keep up with his choice is obvious. (that引导主语从句但在从句中不作成分)
很明显,他想要继续他的选择。
(2)if不能引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和介词后的宾语从句。如:
The question is whether he can improve his grades.
问题是他是否可以提高他的成绩。
I asked him if/whether he had found a job in this city.
我问他是否在这座城市找到了工作。
The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.
家庭医生回答了我们是否应该请一位专科医生来这一问题。
We’re worried about whether he has passed the exam.
我们担心的是他是否已经通过了考试。
2.语序的正确使用:名词性从句要用陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语”的结构。如:
What they are discussing is not known to us.
我们不知道他们正在讨论什么。
We are wondering what we can do to solve the pressing problems.
我们在想我们能做些什么来解决这些紧迫的问题。
3.主句的主谓一致:单个的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词则用复数形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用单数形式。 如:
Where they will go for travelling has not been decided yet.
他们将去哪里旅行还没有决定。
When and where the sports meeting will be held has not been decided yet.
运动会举行的时间和地点还没有决定。
Where they will go for travelling and when they will start have been still unknown.
他们将去哪里旅行以及他们将什么时候动身仍未确定。
4.主句与从句的时态确定原则
(1)主句是现在的时态,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如:
I know that he lives and works here.
我知道他在这里生活和工作。
I know that he lived and worked here ten years ago.
我知道十年前他在这里生活和工作。
(2)主句是过去的时态,从句的时态依据事实运用对应的表示过去的某种时态。如:
He said that he had seen the accident.
他说他目睹了这场事故。
He asked whether his father would come back the next day.
他问他的父亲第二天是否会回来。
(3)当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、定理时用一般现在时。如:
The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.
老师说地球绕着太阳转。
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.I think impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
2.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s I was born.”
3.As John Lennon once said, life is happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
4.I have no idea Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday; that’s one of his favourite universities.
5.It is not easy the students can remember the words in a short time.
6.A typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this: when a new couple is engaged, follows is a choice of the date of their wedding.
7.There is no doubt the event will attract more visitors to this wonderful city.
8.After months of the voyage, Columbus arrived in later proved to be a new continent.
9. or not we can catch up on sleep on the weekend is a hotly debated topic among sleep researchers.
10.Later that evening, I tearfully told Frank I had learned that day.
●Ⅱ 句型训练
1.I’m wondering each week, for I prefer to have some time at my disposal.
我想知道这门课每周有几节课,因为我更喜欢有一些时间由我自由支配。
2.It made no difference to me
.
他们是否假装已知道真相,对我来说无关紧要。
3.Reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure. That is .
阅读经典作品可以丰富我们的日常生活,缓解我们的压力。这就是为什么我们应该多读经典作品。
4.The pianist listened to our request in the charity sale.
钢琴家听取了我们的请求, 答应在义卖上演出。
5. was that he wrote some of his best pieces after he became deaf.
最让我惊讶的是,他失聪后写了一些他最好的作品。Period Two Using language
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.What these freshmen really worry about is they can quickly adapt to college life.
2.We now realize important unity and teamwork are to our communities.
3.I have no idea we can do with our present dilemma .
4.Everyone should have the belief
we should live in harmony with nature.
5.Entrepreneurial spirit, business stratagems , and good communication skills, to name but a few, are it takes to make a good businessman.
6.We must confirm those representatives will arrive at the airport so that we can meet them.
7. he stormed out without a word made us very vexed .
8.You always shut yourself in, listening to music all day on Sundays, which is
I don’t agree—you should have a more active life.
9. we saw weakened our hearts and we decided to help the victims after a narrow escape.
10.As many as five types of refreshments are provided, and you are free to choose suits you best.
●Ⅱ 语法+写作(名词性从句)
1.The man in rags was standing in cold weather.
and had a hard time.
那个穿着破烂衣服的人在寒冷的天气中站着。毫无疑问,他无家可归,过得很艰难。
2.The police have found the lost ancient statue .
警察找到了似乎是丢失的古代雕像的物品。
3.Word spread rapidly head coach.
他即将从主教练的岗位上退下来的消息迅速传开了。
4.The young man insisted .
这个年轻人坚持要求他被派往那个偏远的村庄工作。
5.That night, Papa buried a coin in a sticky rice ball and said, “
will have good luck.”
那天晚上,爸爸把一枚硬币埋在一个糯米球里,说:“谁找到这枚硬币,谁就会有好运。”
●Ⅲ 语篇语法填空
Scientists have discovered the remains of 1. appears to be an ancient sheep-drawn chariot (双轮战车) near the famous Terracotta Army in the western tomb of Emperor Qinshihuang. The main structure of the chariot had likely rotted away after 2. (spend) more than 2,000 years in the ground but researchers did find a row of six sheep skeletons wearing attachments used for pulling a chariot, so they 3. (infer) this was a sheep-drawn chariot.
Horse-drawn chariots were common in ancient China, but a sheep-drawn chariot is 4. extremely rare find. The founder of the Western Jin Dynasty, Emperor Wu, or Sima Yan, who ruled from AD 266 to 290, is said 5. (ride) in a sheep-drawn carriage around his palace complex every night and would sleep wherever the sheep stopped. Researchers hope laboratory 6. (analyse) on the western tomb’s burial chamber, which is currently underway, will help them determine who was buried there.
In addition to the six-sheep chariot, scientists unearthed a four-wheeled 7. (wood) chariot, probably drawn by horses, 8. (equip) with a fancy umbrella. It is the oldest of 9. (it) type ever found. They also found a wealth of iron tools and weapons, providing new insight 10. the period when iron tools first began to appear.
●Ⅳ 完形填空
I had never eaten an oyster. I loved seafood, but the sight of that gluey, shapeless thing…Ugh. I just couldn’t 1 it. Once at a dinner with my colleagues, they ordered some oysters. 2 , I stuck one with a tiny fork, lifted it onto the biscuit and brought it close to my mouth. It smelled salty. I saw everyone else just 3 putting the terrible thing into their mouths happily, and at the same time they 4 me for not trying them. I’m no chicken. Why was this so 5
I 6 brought one up to my mouth and then pulled it back away over the next forty-five minutes before I 7 the courage to actually put it in my mouth. Meanwhile, everyone else was snacking on them like popcorn at the movies!
Something strange happened at that time. It was the most 8 thing. I wanted more! By then, of course, everyone else had already taken my 9 .
10 learned. That time, it was an oyster, but there have been too many times I’ve let that happen in my life— 11 for too long to try or do something. And then, once I did, I 12 not only that it was not terrible,but it was something I really 13 ! Oh, what fun I could have had if only I’d been 14 enough to try things sooner! When 15 knocks, now I say, “Eat the oyster!”
( )1.A.accept B.explain
C.recognize D.seize
( )2.A.Impatiently B.Hurriedly
C.Fearfully D.Gratefully
( )3.A.practised B.imagined
C.denied D.kept
( )4.A.took after B.laughed at
C.relied on D.lied to
( )5.A.serious B.awkward
C.tough D.important
( )6.A.naturally B.jokingly
C.carefully D.secretly
( )7.A.ignored B.gathered
C.recovered D.recalled
( )8.A.delicious B.popular
C.familiar D.traditional
( )9.A.order B.offer
C.bill D.share
( )10.A.Interests B.Strategies
C.Truths D.Lessons
( )11.A.plan B.evaluate
C.argue D.wait
( )12.A.announced B.realized
C.regretted D.expected
( )13.A.remembered B.valued
C.enjoyed D.made
( )14.A.energetic B.brave
C.independent D.proud
( )15.A.opportunity B.success
C.worry D.accident
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·辽宁重点高中高二期末]
Why does our body require warm covers but not our face when it’s cold The following are the reasons.
Firstly, don’t forget that your head does have some insulation (隔热). 1.
Secondly, the air temperature near your head won’t be as cold as the room, because the microclimate around your head will be warmed by heat lost from your head and by your exhaled (呼出) breath. 2.
Then there is physiology. Your sensation of thermal (热的) comfort is primarily driven by skin temperature. This depends on blood flow to the skin. In a cool environment, the hands and feet reduce their blood flow to very low levels. 3. So, as the temperature of the rest of the skin falls, that of the head remains higher. This is why you can lose plenty of heat via your head in the cold and should wear a hat.
There are also differences in the impact of different body regions on the overall sensation of cold and thermal comfort. The temperature of the hands and feet dominates your overall perception of how cold you are. 4. In a cool environment, the temperature of the lower back and chest determines the loss of thermal comfort, and during mild exposure to cold, local warming of the chest, rather than the face, produces a strong sensation of comfort.
5. So, it is a good idea to keep the body warm in bed, and then you can leave the head above the covers. Your nose may get cold, but it won’t stop you sleeping, and it is good to breathe fresh air!
A.Remember to put a hat on.
B.It often has hair and is insulated by it.
C.The latter is warmed in the lungs to about 33℃.
D.There is nothing worse than going out in the cold with wet hair.
E.This is why you can’t fall asleep until your feet warm up in bed.
F.In contrast, the blood flow to the head doesn’t decrease as much.
G.Also, remember that the face is adapted to being exposed to the elements.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
As we all know, the Inuit (因纽特人) live in the Arctic regions of Greenland, Canada and Alaska. They have traditionally been fishers and hunters 1. they still hunt whales, seals, polar bears, birds and fish. And at times they hunt other less 2. (common) eaten animals, like the Arctic fox. The typical Inuit diet is high in protein and fat. In their traditional diets, the Inuit consume 3. average of 75% of their daily energy intake from fat. While it is 4. (possible) to sow plants for food in the Arctic, the Inuit have traditionally gathered those that are naturally available. Grasses, roots, berries and edible seaweed 5. (collect) and kept. In fact, there are 6. (variety) of different hunting technologies that the Inuit use 7. (gather) their food.
The natives hunt sea animals from single-passenger boats. The design is copied by Europeans and Americans 8. still produce them under the Inuit name “kayak”. The Inuit also make wide open boats 9. a flat bottom, which are made of wood 10. (cover) with animal skins, for transporting people, goods, and dogs. In winter, both on land and on sea ice, the Inuit use dog sleds for transportation. (共71张PPT)
Period Two
Using language
语言精讲
语法归纳
练习册
1.set out 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途；出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作
(教材P71)In more recent times， Norwegian explorer， Roald
Amundsen endured one of the most hostile environments on
Earth when he set out into uncharted territory to reach the
South Pole—a region of the planet ripe for exploration.
最近，挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森在进入未知领域前往南极时，经历
了地球上最恶劣的环境之一，南极是地球上一个适合探索的地区。
set out to do sth=set about doing sth
开始/着手做某事
set out for 动身前往
set aside 留出;把……放到一旁
set down 写下;记下
set off 出发;引发
set up 建起;安装好；调试
【活学活用】
(1)用set相关短语的适当形式填空
①He was asked to __________ the facts just as he remembered
them.
②We must __________ some money for a rainy day rather than
run out of our income immediately.
③We were informed that the plane was delayed just as we
____________________ the airport.
set down
set aside
were setting out for
(2)完成句子/一句多译
①[2023·全国乙卷] I often leave early to seek the right
destinations so I can _________________________________
________ I am attempting to photograph.
我经常早早离开，以寻找合适的目的地，这样我就可以早点调试
(相机)，以避免错过我试图拍照的那一刻。
set up early to avoid missing the moment
②→After the earthquake， she __________ helping homeless
women and children go to a place of safety.
→After the earthquake， she ________ to help homeless women
and children go to a place of safety.
地震过后，她着手帮助无家可归的妇女和儿童到安全的地区。
(话题写作之灾害预防)
set about
set out
2.throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去
(教材P71)Of course， exploration doesn't have to mean blindly
throwing ourselves into the unknown， and it's never wrong
to think twice before taking action.当然，探索并不一定意味着我们
盲目地投入未知，在采取行动之前再三考虑绝对没错。
throw oneself at 冲向;向……猛扑过去
throw one's arms around 张开双臂搂住
throw a look/glance/smile at sb=throw sb a look/glance/smile
朝某人看了看/瞥了一眼/笑了笑
throw away 抛弃，丢弃;错过
【活学活用】
完成句子
①She was too excited to see him and she immediately
_______________________ his shoulders.
看到他时她太激动了，然后她立即张开双臂搂住他的肩膀。
(读后续写之动作描写)
threw her arms around
②When she found Emily in the crowd， Emily turned and
_____________________________________.
当她发现埃米莉在人群中时，埃米莉转过身来对她微笑。
(读后续写之人物神态描写)
threw a smile at her/threw her a smile
③Since her husband died， she _______________________ her
work to forget her grief for him.
自从她的丈夫去世后，为了忘记失去丈夫的悲痛，她全身心地投入
到工作中。
has thrown herself into
④So rare and precious is this opportunity that I don't want to
______________.
这个机会是如此难得和珍贵，我不想错过它。
throw it away
3.look into 调查(问题)
(教材P71)While there is no need for us to shrink from new
situations， we should always look into things first and consider
our options.
虽然我们没有必要畏避新情况，但我们应该总是首先调查问题并考
虑我们的选择。
look into one's eyes 看着某人的眼睛，注视某人
look out for 留心;当心;提防
look up to 钦佩;仰慕;尊敬
look back on 回顾;回忆
look down on… 轻视/看不起……
look through 透过……看;浏览
look forward to 盼望;期待
［温馨提示］look forward to中的to为介词，遇到动词作宾语时，
动词要用v.-ing形式。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·全国甲卷] We look forward to ___________ (welcome) you
as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community
through performances， art exhibitions and art-making activities.
welcoming
(2)用look 相关短语的适当形式填空
①The government decided to set up a working group to
__________ the issue.
②Sitting in the theatre， I had to _____________ the opening
between the two tall heads in front of me.
③_________________ my years there， I thought I was lucky to
be one member of that club.
look into
look through
Looking back on
Review:noun clauses
复习：名词性从句
【名师指津】
1.连接词的正确选用
(1)that 和what 的选用:what引导名词性从句，除起到连接作用外，
还可充当成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。that在名词性从句中
不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。如:
What they care about is whether they can have access to first-
hand news.
他们在意的是他们能否获取第一手消息。
That he wants to keep up with his choice is obvious.
(that引导主语从句但在从句中不作成分)
很明显，他想要继续他的选择。
(2)if不能引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和介词后的宾语从句。
如:
The question is whether he can improve his grades.
问题是他是否可以提高他的成绩。
I asked him if/whether he had found a job in this city.
我问他是否在这座城市找到了工作。
The question whether we should call in a specialist was
answered by the family doctor.
家庭医生回答了我们是否应该请一位专科医生来这一问题。
We're worried about whether he has passed the exam.
我们担心的是他是否已经通过了考试。
2.语序的正确使用:名词性从句要用陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语”
的结构。如:
What they are discussing is not known to us.
我们不知道他们正在讨论什么。
We are wondering what we can do to solve the pressing
problems.
我们在想我们能做些什么来解决这些紧迫的问题。
3.主句的主谓一致:单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数
形式。两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词则用复数形
式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数形
式。 如:
Where they will go for travelling has not been decided yet.
他们将去哪里旅行还没有决定。
When and where the sports meeting will be held has not been
decided yet.
运动会举行的时间和地点还没有决定。
Where they will go for travelling and when they will start have
been still unknown.
他们将去哪里旅行以及他们将什么时候动身仍未确定。
4.主句与从句的时态确定原则
(1)主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如:
I know that he lives and works here.
我知道他在这里生活和工作。
I know that he lived and worked here ten years ago.
我知道十年前他在这里生活和工作。
(2)主句是过去的时态，从句的时态依据事实运用对应的表示过去的
某种时态。如:
He said that he had seen the accident.
他说他目睹了这场事故。
He asked whether his father would come back the next day.
他问他的父亲第二天是否会回来。
(3)当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、定理时用一般现在时。如:
The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.
老师说地球绕着太阳转。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.I think ______ impresses me about his painting is the colours
he uses.
2.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said， “That's _______ I
was born.”
3.As John Lennon once said， life is ______ happens to you
while you are busy making other plans.
what
where
what
4.I have no idea _____ Mike refused an offer from Yale
University yesterday; that's one of his favourite universities.
5.It is not easy _____ the students can remember the words in
a short time.
why
that
6.A typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this: when a
new couple is engaged， ______ follows is a choice of the date
of their wedding.
what
7.There is no doubt _____ the event will attract more visitors to
this wonderful city.
that
8.After months of the voyage， Columbus arrived in ______
later proved to be a new continent.
9._________ or not we can catch up on sleep on the weekend
is a hotly debated topic among sleep researchers.
10.Later that evening， I tearfully told Frank ______ I had
learned that day.
what
Whether
what
Ⅱ 句型训练
1.I'm wondering _________________________________________
each week， for I prefer to have some time at my disposal.
我想知道这门课每周有几节课，因为我更喜欢有一些时间由我自由
支配。
how many periods of the course there are
2.It made no difference to me ______________________________
___________________________.
他们是否假装已知道真相，对我来说无关紧要。
whether they pretended to have found out the truth or not
3.Reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our
pressure. That is _________________________________.
阅读经典作品可以丰富我们的日常生活，缓解我们的压力。这就是
为什么我们应该多读经典作品。
why we should read more classics
4.The pianist listened to our request _____________________ in
the charity sale.
钢琴家听取了我们的请求， 答应在义卖上演出。
that he (should) play
5.________________________ was that he wrote some of his
best pieces after he became deaf.
最让我惊讶的是，他失聪后写了一些他最好的作品。
What surprised me most
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.What these freshmen really worry about is _________ they
can quickly adapt to college life.
whether
2.We now realize _____ important unity and teamwork are to
our communities.
how
3.I have no idea ______ we can do with our present dilemma.
what
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.Everyone should have the belief _____we should live in
harmony with nature.
that
5.Entrepreneurial spirit, business stratagems, and good
communication skills, to name but a few, are ______ it takes to
make a good businessman.
what
6.We must confirm ______ those representatives will arrive at
the airport so that we can meet them.
when
7._____ he stormed out without a word made us very vexed.
That
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.You always shut yourself in, listening to music all day on
Sundays, which is _______I don't agree—you should have a
more active life.
where
9.______ we saw weakened our hearts and we decided to help
the victims after a narrow escape.
What
10.As many as five types of refreshments are provided, and
you are free to choose __________ suits you best.
whichever
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ 语法+写作(名词性从句)
1.The man in rags was standing in cold weather. _____________
____________________________ and had a hard time.
那个穿着破烂衣服的人在寒冷的天气中站着。毫无疑问，他无家可
归，过得很艰难。
There was no doubt that he was homeless
2.The police have found ____________________ the lost ancient
statue.
警察找到了似乎是丢失的古代雕像的物品。
what appears to be
1
2
3
4
5
3.Word spread rapidly ______________________________________
__ head coach.
他即将从主教练的岗位上退下来的消息迅速传开了。
that he would retire from the position of
4.The young man insisted ___________________________________
__________________.
这个年轻人坚持要求他被派往那个偏远的村庄工作。
that he (should) be sent to work in that faraway village
5.That night, Papa buried a coin in a sticky rice ball and said,
“_______________________will have good luck.”
那天晚上，爸爸把一枚硬币埋在一个糯米球里，说：“谁找到这枚硬
币，谁就会有好运。”
Whoever finds the coin
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅲ 语篇语法填空
Scientists have discovered the remains of 1.______ appears
to be an ancient sheep-drawn chariot (双轮战车) near the
famous Terracotta Army in the western tomb of Emperor
Qinshihuang. The main structure of the chariot had likely rotted
away after 2.__________ (spend) more than 2,000 years in the
ground but researchers did find a row of six sheep skeletons
wearing attachments used for pulling a chariot, so they
3.________ (infer) this was a sheep-drawn chariot.
what
spending
inferred
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Horse-drawn chariots were common in ancient China, but a
sheep-drawn chariot is 4.____ extremely rare find. The founder
of the Western Jin Dynasty, Emperor Wu, or Sima Yan, who
ruled from AD 266 to 290, is said 5._______________ (ride) in a
sheep-drawn carriage around his palace complex every night
and would sleep wherever the sheep stopped. Researchers hope
laboratory 6.________ (analyse) on the western tomb's burial
chamber, which is currently underway, will help them determine
who was buried there.
an
to have ridden
analysis
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In addition to the six-sheep chariot, scientists unearthed a
four-wheeled 7._________ (wood) chariot, probably drawn by
horses, 8.__________ (equip) with a fancy umbrella. It is the
oldest of 9.____ (it) type ever found. They also found a wealth
of iron tools and weapons, providing new insight 10._____ the
period when iron tools first began to appear.
wooden
equipped
its
into
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了科学家在中国
秦始皇帝陵的西部墓葬区附近发现了疑似古代羊拉双轮战车的遗骸。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.______
what
[解析] 考查宾语从句。空处应填连接词what引导宾语从句，表示“什
么”，作介词of的宾语。故填what。
2.__________
spending
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。after为介词，其后应接动名词形式。故填
spending。
3.________
inferred
[解析] 考查动词时态。描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故
填inferred。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。find在此处为可数名词，意为“发现物”，此处泛指
“一个”，应用不定冠词，extremely的发音以元音音素开头，应用不
定冠词an。故填an。
5._______________
to have ridden
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。sb be said to do sth“据说某人……”为固
定句式，动作ride发生在is said 之前，应用不定式的完成式。故填
to have ridden。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.________
analysis
[解析] 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词，根据后面的
定语从句“…which is currently underway…”中的谓语动词为单数形
式可知，空处应用单数名词。故填analysis。
7._________
wooden
[解析] 考查形容词。空处应填形容词wooden“木制的”修饰名词
chariot。故填wooden。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.__________
equipped
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语，动词equip与逻辑主
语chariot之间为被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词形式作后
置定语。故填equipped。
9.____
its
[解析] 考查代词。空处应填形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词type。
故填its。
10._____
into
[解析] 考查介词。insight into“对……的了解”为固定搭配。故填into。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅳ 完形填空
I had never eaten an oyster. I loved seafood, but the sight
of that gluey, shapeless thing…Ugh. I just couldn't . .1. . it. Once
at a dinner with my colleagues, they ordered some oysters. . .2. .,
I stuck one with a tiny fork, lifted it onto the biscuit and
brought it close to my mouth. It smelled salty. I saw everyone
else just . .3. . putting the terrible thing into their mouths happily,
and at the same time they . .4. . me for not trying them. I'm no
chicken. Why was this so . .5. .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
I . .6. . brought one up to my mouth and then pulled it
back away over the next forty-five minutes before I . .7. . the
courage to actually put it in my mouth. Meanwhile, everyone
else was snacking on them like popcorn at the movies!
Something strange happened at that time. It was the
most . .8. . thing. I wanted more! By then, of course, everyone
else had already taken my . .9. ..
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
. .10. . learned. That time, it was an oyster, but there have
been too many times I've let that happen in my life—. .11. . for
too long to try or do something. And then, once I did, I . .12. .
not only that it was not terrible,but it was something I
really . .13. .! Oh, what fun I could have had if only I'd
been . .14. . enough to try things sooner! When . .15. . knocks,
now I say, “Eat the oyster!”
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者尝试吃生蚝
的经历及从中学到的道理——要敢于尝试新事物。
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( ) 1.A.accept B.explain C.recognize D.seize
[解析] 根据前文the sight of that gluey, shapeless thing可知,生蚝
的样子让作者感到不适,所以作者无法接受吃生蚝。故选A。accept接
受;explain解释;recognize意识到;seize抓住。
( ) 2.A.Impatiently B.Hurriedly C.Fearfully D.Gratefully
[解析] 根据前文“…the sight of that gluey, shapeless thing…Ugh.
I just couldn't…it.”可知,作者接受不了生蚝,所以尝试吃的时候,很害怕。
故选C。impatiently不耐烦地;hurriedly匆忙地;fearfully害怕地;
gratefully感激地。
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( ) 3.A.practised B.imagined C.denied D.kept
[解析] 根据后文“…putting the terrible thing into their mouths
happily…”可知,其他人非常喜欢吃生蚝,不断地把生蚝放进嘴里。故选
D。practise练习;imagine想象;deny否认;keep保持,持续。
( ) 4.A.took after B.laughed at C.relied on D.lied to
[解析] 根据后文for not trying them可知,同事们看到作者害怕吃生
蚝的样子,会嘲笑他。故选B。take after追赶;laugh at嘲笑;rely on依
靠;lie to向……说谎。
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( ) 5.A.serious B.awkward C.tough D.important
[解析] 根据前文“…I stuck one with a tiny fork, lifted it onto the
biscuit and brought it close to my mouth.”及“I'm no chicken.”可
知,作者虽然不是胆小鬼,但吃生蚝对他来说是件很困难的事。故选C。
serious严肃的;awkward尴尬的;tough困难的;important重要的。
( ) 6.A.naturally B.jokingly C.carefully D.secretly
[解析] 根据前文“I had never eaten an oyster.”可知,作者没有吃过
生蚝,所以尝试的时候会非常小心。故选C。naturally自然地;jokingly
开玩笑地;carefully小心地;secretly秘密地。
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( ) 7.A.ignored B.gathered C.recovered D.recalled
[解析] 根据后文“…the courage to actually put it in my mouth.”
可知,作者最终鼓起勇气把生蚝放进了嘴里。故选B。ignore忽视;
gather鼓起(勇气),收集;recover恢复;recall回想。
( ) 8.A.delicious B.popular C.familiar D.traditional
[解析] 根据前文“Something strange happened at that time.”及后
文“I wanted more!”可知,作者尝试之后,发生了不可思议的事情,即他
发现生蚝很美味,与自己之前的想法完全不同。故选A。delicious美味
的;popular流行的;familiar熟悉的;traditional传统的。
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( ) 9.A.order B.offer C.bill D.share
[解析] 根据前文“I wanted more!”及“…everyone else had already
taken my…”可知,当作者想吃更多的时候,发现别人已经把他那份吃掉
了。故选D。order命令,点菜;offer建议;bill账单;share一份。
( ) 10.A.Interests B.Strategies C.Truths D.Lessons
[解析] 根据后文“…for too long to try or do something.”可知,通
过这件事,作者吸取了教训,发现自己以前遇到过多次这样的情形——
等待太久才去尝试。故选D。interest兴趣;strategy策略;truth真相;
lesson教训,经验。
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( ) 11.A.plan B.evaluate C.argue D.wait
[解析] 根据后文for too long to try并结合上文提到作者过了很久
才敢尝试吃生蚝的事情可知,在生活中他总是等待太久才去尝试或做
某事。故选D。plan计划;evaluate评估;argue争论;wait等待。
( ) 12.A.announced B.realized C.regretted D.expected
[解析] 根据后文“…not only that it was not terrible,but it was
something I really…”可知,通过尝试吃生蚝,作者意识到了有些东西并
不糟糕,反而是自己真正喜欢的东西。故选B。announce宣布;realize
意识到;regret后悔;expect期待。
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( ) 13.A.remembered B.valued C.enjoyed D.made
[解析] 根据前文“I wanted more!”可知,作者吃了生蚝之后,发现自己
很喜欢它。故选C。remember记得;value重视;enjoy喜欢;make制作。
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( ) 14.A.energetic B.brave
C.independent D.proud
[解析] 根据前文“…what fun I could have had…”及后文“…try
things sooner!”并结合作者之前没有勇气吃生蚝的经历可知,此处指
作者认为如果自己更勇敢一点早点尝试的话,自己该多开心。故选B。
energetic精力充沛的;brave勇敢的;independent独立的;proud自豪的。
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( ) 15.A.opportunity B.success C.worry D.accident
[解析] 根据后文“…now I say,‘Eat the oyster!’”并结合上文内容可知,
现在作者敢于尝试新事物了,所以当有尝试新事物的机会时,作者会把
握住。故选A。opportunity机会;success成功的事;worry令人担忧的
事;accident事故。
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Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·辽宁重点高中高二期末]
Why does our body require warm covers but not our face
when it's cold The following are the reasons.
Firstly, don't forget that your head does have some
insulation (隔热). 1.___
Secondly, the air temperature near your head won't be as
cold as the room, because the microclimate around your head
will be warmed by heat lost from your head and by your
B
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exhaled (呼出) breath. 2.___
Then there is physiology. Your sensation of thermal (热的)
comfort is primarily driven by skin temperature. This depends on
blood flow to the skin. In a cool environment, the hands and
feet reduce their blood flow to very low levels. 3.___ So, as the
temperature of the rest of the skin falls, that of the head
remains higher. This is why you can lose plenty of heat via your
head in the cold and should wear a hat.
C
F
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There are also differences in the impact of different body
regions on the overall sensation of cold and thermal comfort.
The temperature of the hands and feet dominates your overall
perception of how cold you are. 4.___ In a cool environment,
the temperature of the lower back and chest determines the
loss of thermal comfort, and during mild exposure to cold, local
warming of the chest, rather than the face, produces a strong
sensation of comfort.
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5.___ So, it is a good idea to keep the body warm in bed,
and then you can leave the head above the covers. Your nose
may get cold, but it won't stop you sleeping, and it is good to
breathe fresh air!
A.Remember to put a hat on.
B.It often has hair and is insulated by it.
C.The latter is warmed in the lungs to about 33 .
D.There is nothing worse than going out in the cold with wet
hair.
E.This is why you can't fall asleep until your feet warm up in
bed.
G
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F.In contrast, the blood flow to the head doesn't decrease as
much.
G.Also, remember that the face is adapted to being exposed to
the elements.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章阐述了为什么我们的身体需要覆
盖物，而脸不需要。
1.___
B
[解析] 上文“Firstly, don't forget that your head does have some
insulation(隔热).”提到头有隔热层，空处应该与头和隔热相呼应，说
明头部的隔热层是什么。B选项中(它通常有头发，用它来隔热。)出
现的hair和insulated与上文对应。故选B。
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2.___
C
[解析] 根据空前“…because the microclimate around your head
will be warmed by heat lost from your head and by your
exhaled (呼出) breath.”可知，呼出的热量与C选项中的latter(后者)相
对应，指的就是“从肺中呼出的热量”。同时C选项中的lungs和about
33 对应了前一句中的exhaled和heat，故选C。
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3.___
F
[解析] 空前“In a cool environment, the hands and feet reduce
their blood flow to very low levels.”和选项F(相比之下，流向头部
的血液不会减少那么多。)形成对比，同时前文出现的blood和F选项
中的blood为原词复现。故选F。
4.___
E
[解析] 空前“The temperature of the hands and feet dominates
your overall perception of how cold you are.”解释了选项E
(这就是为什么你在床上直到脚暖和起来才能睡着。)的原因，前句和
E选项构成因果关系，故选E。
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5.___
G
[解析] 空处位置是在段首，所以应该是本段的主旨句。根据空后“So,
it is a good idea to keep the body warm in bed, and then you
can leave the head above the covers…breathe fresh air！”可知，
头部露在外面是可以的，同时，G选项中的also是关键词，是对上文
进行补充，阐述的是我们的身体需要覆盖物，而脸不需要的原因。
故G选项(另外，记住脸部是可以经受风吹雨打的。)符合语境，故选G。
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Ⅵ 语法填空
As we all know, the Inuit (因纽特人) live in the Arctic
regions of Greenland, Canada and Alaska. They have traditionally
been fishers and hunters 1._____ they still hunt whales, seals,
polar bears, birds and fish. And at times they hunt other less
2.___________ (common) eaten animals, like the Arctic fox. The
typical Inuit diet is high in protein and fat. In their traditional
diets, the Inuit consume 3.____ average of 75% of their daily
energy intake from fat. While it is 4.___________ (possible) to
sow plants for food in the Arctic, the Inuit have traditionally
and
commonly
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impossible
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gathered those that are naturally available. Grasses, roots, berries
and edible seaweed 5._____________ (collect) and kept. In fact,
there are 6._________ (variety) of different hunting technologies
that the Inuit use 7.__________ (gather) their food.
The natives hunt sea animals from single-passenger boats.
The design is copied by Europeans and Americans 8._________
still produce them under the Inuit name “kayak”. The Inuit also
make wide open boats 9._____ a flat bottom, which are made
of wood 10._________ (cover) with animal skins, for transporting
people, goods, and dogs. In winter, both on land and on sea
ice, the Inuit use dog sleds for transportation.
are collected
varieties
to gather
who/that
with
covered
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了因纽特人的生活
方式，包括他们的传统职业、饮食习惯、狩猎方式以及交通工具。
1._____
and
[解析] 考查连词。空处前后两个句子之间是并列关系，所以使用并
列连词and连接两个句子。故填and。
2.___________
commonly
[解析] 考查副词。修饰eaten，应使用副词commonly作状语，意为
“通常，常常”。故填commonly。
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3.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。an average of…表示“平均为……”。故填an。
4.___________
impossible
[解析] 考查形容词。it be+adj.+to do是固定句型，意为“做……
是……的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。根据句
意可知，空处表示“不可能的”。故填impossible。
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5._____________
are collected
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处是句中谓语动词，与
主语grasses, roots, berries and edible seaweed之间是被动关系，
描述因纽特人的生活习惯，是习惯性行为，应使用一般现在时，又
因主语是复数，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用
一般现在时的被动语态，复数形式。故填are collected。
6._________
varieties
[解析] 考查名词复数。varieties of是固定短语，表示“各种各样的”。
故填varieties。
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7.__________
to gather
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处意为“使用……来做……”，用不定式
to gather作目的状语。故填to gather。
8._________
who/that
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
Europeans and Americans，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所
以应用关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
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9._____
with
[解析] 考查介词。此处表示“带有……”，所以应用介词with。故填
with。
10._________
covered
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。 …with animal skins作后置定语，cover
(覆盖)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语wood之间是被动关系，应
用过去分词covered表被动。故填covered。
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