Unit 5 Into the unknown
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
【课前自主探究】
Task 1 Fast Reading
1.fascination 2.achievements 3.collapse/decline
4.be solved
Task 2 Careful Reading
1—4 ABDD
Task 3 Micro-writing
1.has been surrounded 2.amazing 3.an 4.that 5.to abandon 6.mysteriously 7.remains 8.is believed
9.into 10.thinking
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(1)①basic ②Basically ③On (2)based on the topic of
2.(1)①burying ②Buried (2)buried her face in her hands
3.(1)①application ②applicant ③to (2)涂,敷
(3)①applying; to; applied himself to cleaning up ②to apply for the voluntary job
4.(1)ruining (2)①has fallen into ruin ②in ruins
5.(1) abandoned (2)abandon themselves to/are abandoned to/are addicted to
6.(1)①dismissal ②dismissive (2)①解散 ②拒绝考虑
③去除,消除 (3)dismiss you (from the post)
7.(1)①expansion ②to (2)expanded on/upon
句型透视
(1)①compared ②forgetting (2)①Gathering my courage
②Frozen with fear ③when viewedUnit 5 Into the unknown
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.1.civilisation 2.to win 3.dismissive 4.combination
5.buried 6.expansion 7.abandoned 8.at
Ⅱ.1.play a crucial part in 2.be applied to 3.fell into ruin
4.be based on 5.at his peak 6.corresponds to
Ⅲ.1.Holding my hands warmly
2.hidden in the mists of the early morning
3.The news that the company will be expanding
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对澳大利亚的金皮树进行研究,发现了它导致人们疼痛的原因。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段“If you brush against a gympie-gympie tree, you won’t forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it’s been reported to stay for months.”可知,碰到金皮树会让人难以忘记,因为它所造成的痛苦会持续很久。故选C。
2.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The scientists were surprised to see three very different kinds of life all use similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures. It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie tree.”可知,科学家没有发现金皮树的刺是如何帮助金皮树的,故选D。
3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though the tree’s sting may stop some animals from eating it, it doesn’t stop all animals. Beetles and pademelons (small relatives of the kangaroo) are able to eat the plant without trouble.”可知,尽管金皮树有毒,一些动物不能吃它,但是像甲虫和小型沙袋鼠就能吃,这说明尽管金皮树有毒,它也是有天敌的。故选B。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging (刺人的) tree known as Dendrocnide. Many people call it the gympie-gympie tree—a name given to the tree by indigenous Australians. It’s covered with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry poison. If you brush against a gympie-gympie tree, you won’t forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it’s been reported to stay for months.”并结合文章大意可知,文章主要讲述了科学家对金皮树的研究,且发现了金皮树的秘密,A选项“金皮树的秘密被揭露”最适合当文章标题。故选A。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了眼睛流泪的原因以及环境因素的影响。
1.G 根据上文“Your eyes can water for many reasons, including weather, allergies (过敏) or, more seriously, an infection.”可知,设空处应该说明眼睛流泪的原因。G项(如果你的眼睛突然流泪,注意你所接触的环境因素。)切题。故选G。
2.C 根据上文“As winter approaches and we increase heat at home, at work and in the car, the air loses humidity, which causes the eye to become very dry.”以及下文“But the type of tears produced doesn’t help lubricate (润滑) the eye and results in watering of these extra tears.”可知,当眼睛变得干燥时,眼睛会产生眼泪。C项(所以你的眼睛试图帮助增加眼泪的产生量。)切题。故选C。
3.B 根据该段小标题Pink eye和上文“Pink eye is one of the most frustrating eye conditions. It commonly causes red and very watery eyes.”可知,设空处应该在说导致红眼病的原因。B项(大多数红眼病是由病毒引起的,像普通的感冒一样。)切题。故选B。
4.F 根据该段小标题Watering and dry eye和下文“Tears are made of three ingredients and, if there’s an imbalance in these, the tears won’t stay on the eye and will result in watering. Most commonly, it’s because the oil layer of the tears is lacking.”可知,设空处应该在说流泪。F项(这似乎不合逻辑,但流泪是干眼症最令人烦恼的迹象。)切题。故选F。
5.A 根据上文“If you think your eye is scratched, it’s best to see your eye doctor as soon as possible.”可知,下文应该在说不及时看医生会产生的后果。A项(否则,它很容易感染。)切题。故选A。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了金花茶的发现、保护和黄氏兄弟的贡献。
1.mixed 考查形容词。修饰名词colours应用形容词mixed,作定语。故填mixed。
2.which或that 考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句,先行词为valley,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
3.discovery 考查名词。作动词的宾语,应用名词discovery,此处特指金花茶的发现,应用单数。故填discovery。
4.creating 考查非谓语动词。作从句的主语,应用动名词形式。故填creating。
5.Unfortunately 考查副词。修饰整个句子,表示“不幸地”,应用副词unfortunately,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。
6.was built 考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。主语a nature reserve与谓语构成被动关系,根据上文in 1986可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用单数。故填was built。
7.metres 考查名词复数。根据上文200 to 500可知,metre应用复数。故填metres。
8.working 考查非谓语动词。短语spend time doing sth表示“花费时间做某事”,故填working。
9.off 考查固定短语。pay off表示“达到目的,成功”,固定短语。故填off。
10.the 考查冠词。此处修饰名词,特指“防城港的市花”,应用定冠词the。故填the。Unit 5 Into the unknown
Scientists in Mexico have just begun a new study of one of the world’s biggest pyramids: the Pyramid of the Sun, north of Mexico City. They’re putting lots of small, high-tech machines under the pyramid to try to unlock some of its secrets. For thousands of years, people have tried to uncover the secrets of the pyramids.
The people who built the pyramids made lots of secret doors and rooms to stop robbers from finding the treasure inside. However, there always have been some smart thieves in history. Now, almost all of Egypt’s pyramids have been robbed, including the Great Pyramid of Khufu, which is the largest pyramid in the world. It is the only one of the ancient wonders of the world that is still standing.
In 820 AD, an Arab king named Abdullah Manum got a group of workers to dig their way into the Great Pyramid and have a look. Inside the pyramid, they found three rooms—the Queen’s Chamber, the Grand Gallery and the King’s Chamber. But to their surprise, the men didn’t find the treasures they wanted. The Queen’s and King’s Chambers were both empty! Where were the King’s mummy and his treasure Had someone already taken them away The huge stone doors at the pyramid’s entrance were still closed when Manum’s men went inside. How had the thieves got in and out
Since then, many people have gone inside the Great Pyramid to have a look or to try to take things. But still, no other chambers or walkways have been found.
In 2002, an American team made the most recent visit to the Great Pyramid. Scientists sent a robot into the pyramid, but they only found a mysterious locked stone door.
【主题词句背诵】
1.one of the world’s biggest pyramids 世界上最大的金字塔之一
2.unlock secrets 揭开秘密
3.uncover the secrets of the pyramids 揭开金字塔的秘密
4.the ancient wonders of the world 古老的世界奇迹
5.dig one’s way into… 某人挖一条路进入……
6.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
7.make the most recent visit to… 最近一次参观/去了……
8.The people who built the pyramids made lots of secret doors and rooms to stop robbers from finding the treasure inside.
建造金字塔的人建了许多秘密的门和房间,以防止强盗发现里面的宝藏。
9.Now, almost all of Egypt’s pyramids have been robbed, including the Great Pyramid of Khufu, which is the largest pyramid in the world.
现在,几乎所有的埃及金字塔都被盗过,包括世界上最大的金字塔——胡夫大金字塔。
10.Since then, many people have gone inside the Great Pyramid to have a look or to try to take things.
从那时起,许多人已经进入过大金字塔去看里面的情况或试图(从那里)带走东西。
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
Task 1: Fast Reading
Task 2: Careful Reading
( )1.What is the author’s purpose in starting the passage with the story about William Gadoury
A.To introduce Maya civilisation.
B.To amuse the readers.
C.To emphasize the importance of Maya civilisation.
D.To inform us of the location of the Maya city.
( )2.What is the scholars’ attitude towards William Gadoury’s discovery
A.Incredible. B.Disapproving.
C.Favourable. D.Shocked.
( )3.How is Maya’s writing system
A.It is simple but useful.
B.It is easy to understand.
C.It can only represent animals.
D.It is meaningful and complicated.
( )4.What is most extraordinary about the impressive places and temples the Maya built
A.Who built them.
B.Why people built them.
C.When people built them.
D.How people built them without machinery.
Task 3: Micro-writing
Maya civilisation, which 1.
(surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century, is so powerful among people.
What is most marvelous is how the Maya built impressive palaces and temples without the use of metal tools. Also, the Maya’s understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite 2. (amaze). They applied this understanding to the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year. On top of all this was 3. achievement unique at that time: a true writing system. It was a writing system so complicated 4. , so far, no one can interpret it completely.
But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya 5. (abandon) most of their great cities. By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak. Yet, within just a couple of generations, it began to 6. (mysterious) decline.
Why Maya civilisation collapsed 7. (remain) a mystery. Some research indicates that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in their downfall. Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya. It 8. (believe) that the droughts were the main reason why Maya civilisation began to collapse at different rates in different places.
Whatever the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared and its once-great cities fell 9. ruin. The rise and fall of this civilisation must leave humans 10. (think) about the past, present and future.
1.be based on 以……为基础,基于……
(教材P66)Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle.据此,他相信自己发现了一座被埋在丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置。
(1)base v. 以……为基础
base…on/upon… 以……为……的根据/基础
(2)basis n. 基础;方式;基准
on the basis of 在……基础上;出于……原因
on a regular/daily/weekly basis
定期地;经常地/每天/每周
(3)basic adj. 基本的;基础的
basically adv. 基本上,大体上;从根本上
说,总的说来
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is a must for language learners to grasp some (base) grammar rules.
②[2024·全国甲卷] What is moderation (适度) (basic), it means eating only as much food as your body needs.
③ the basis of their knowledge and experiment conclusions, they put forward their new theories.
(2)完成句子
A series of activities “Harmonious campus” are going to be held.
以“和谐校园”主题为基础的一系列活动即将举行。(应用文写作之通知)
2.bury v.将……埋在下面
(教材P66)Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle.
据此,他相信自己发现了一座被埋在丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置。
(1)bury one’s head/face in one’s hands
某人用手捂住头/脸
(2)bury oneself in=be buried in
埋头于;专心于
be buried in thought 陷入沉思
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, (bury) herself in the book.
② (bury) in thought, he didn’t realize that all the others had left.
(2)完成句子
She and began to sob.
她用手捂住脸,开始抽噎起来。
3.apply…to… 将……应用到……上;把……涂/敷到……上
(教材P67)They applied this understanding to the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year.
他们将这一认识应用到了玛雅历中,该历法精确程度极高,每年误差不超过30秒。
(1)apply (to sb) for… (向某人)申请……,请求……
apply to do sth 申请做某事
apply to 适用于
apply oneself to 专心致志于;全身心地投
入到
(2) application n. 申请;应用
applicant n. 申请人
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Her (apply) was responded and she would be admitted to that university soon.
②The (apply) has experience in teaching and, more relevantly, in industry.
③This does not apply everyone, so it is essential to establish your own rhythm.
(2)熟词生义
They helped to check my condition and applied some medicine to my arm.
(3)完成句子
①After a little ointment his hand, Jeff soon the kitchen yesterday.
昨天杰夫在他的手上涂了一点药膏后,他很快就专心打扫厨房。(读后续写之动作描写)
②I’m writing , which I think I am well qualified for.
我写信申请这份志愿工作,我认为我完全能胜任该工作。(应用文写作之申请信)
4.ruin n. 残垣断壁,废墟
(教材P68)Its once-great cities fell into ruin, leaving various mysteries for later people to solve.
曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟,留下各种谜团等待后人解开。
(1)fall into ruin (因无人照顾而)衰落,败落,破旧不堪
in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
(2)ruin v. 毁坏
ruin oneself 自取灭亡
ruin one’s health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
It rained for two weeks on end, completely (ruin) our holiday.
(2)完成句子
①The old house where he was born so far.
他出生的那栋老房子迄今为止已经破旧不堪了。
②The strong earthquake left the city merely in several seconds.
强烈的地震仅在几秒的时间里就使这座城市变成了废墟。(话题写作之灾害预防)
5.abandon v. 离弃,逃离,放弃
(教材P68)But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.但最大的谜团是什么导致了玛雅人离弃了绝大部分的大城市。
(1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth=be abandoned to (doing) sth=be addicted to (doing) sth
沉溺于(做)某事
(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
The police found the lost treasure in an (abandon) well.
(2)完成句子
Some students in college
the Internet games and even fail the exam.
有些大学生沉迷于网游,甚至考试不及格。
6.dismiss v. 拒绝考虑,否定;开除,解雇;
让……离开,解散;去除,消除
(教材P68)Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people.
尽管他的理论被学者们否定了,但这表明了古玛雅文明的秘密在人们当中是多么有影响力。
(1) dismiss sb from… 把某人从……(职位)解雇/免职
dismiss sb for sth 因某事解雇某人
(2)dismissal n. 驳回;解雇;不予考虑
(3)dismissive adj. 轻蔑的;鄙视的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①His (dismiss) has no connection to the quality of his work.
②The emoji “smile” used to represent kindness, but now to some extent it indicates an unhappy and (dismiss)attitude.
(2)一词多义
①The professor dismissed the class early because she had a meeting.
②He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.
③Dismissing her fears, she climbed higher.
(3)完成句子
If you break the rules here, we shall have to .
如果你违反了这里的规定,我们将不得不开除你。
7.expansion n.扩大;增加
expand v. 扩大;扩展
expand to… 扩展到……
expand on/upon 充分叙述;详细阐明
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Given the necessary investment, this region is perfect for economic (expand).
②He hopes the exchange programme will take place every year and expand neighbouring countries.
(2)完成句子
The teacher the uses of the English subjunctive mood in his last lecture.
老师在上次讲座中详细地讲述了英语虚拟语气的用法。(话题写作之生活与学习)
(1)(教材P66)Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age, 15-year-old Canadian William Gadoury thought he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts.十五岁的加拿大少年威廉·甘德瑞自幼便对玛雅文明着迷,他认为自己通过研究古老星象图有了惊人发现。
(2)(教材P66)Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America, Maya civilisation has been surrounded by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century.玛雅文明的范围从现今墨西哥的部分区域向南延伸至中美洲。自19世纪玛雅文明再现以来,层层迷雾便一直围绕着它。
现在分词/过去分词(短语)作状语
句型公式
【句式点拨】
句(1)中的intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age为过去分词短语作状语。过去分词(短语)作状语时,句子的主语与过去分词之间是逻辑上的被动关系。
句(2)中extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America为现在分词短语作状语。现在分词(短语)作状语时,句子的主语与现在分词之间是逻辑上的主动关系。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is said that now about 20% of 25- to 34-year-old adults live with their parents, (compare)with 16% in 1991.
②For the first time in my life, I washed my grandma’s feet, never (forget) the sweet smile she wore and the happiness I felt.
(2)完成句子/句式改写
① , I sincerely apologised to him for my bad manners.
我鼓起勇气,真诚地为我的无礼向他道歉。(读后续写之行为描写)
② , he stood rooted to the spot, unknowing how to deal with the situation.
他吓呆了,一动不动地站着,不知道如何应付这个情况。(读后续写之情感描写)
③These mountains are a splendid sight when they are viewed from the valley floor.
→These mountains are a splendid sight from the valley floor.(用分词改写) (读后续写之景物描写) Unit 5 Into the unknown
Period One Starting out & Understanding ideas
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The ancient Egyptian (civilise) is known for its remarkable achievements, including the construction of the Great Pyramid , which continues to attract visitors from around the world.
2.They knew that I was praised as the one most likely (win) the best speaker for the debate series.
3.Her (dismiss) attitude towards his concerns only added to his frustration , making him feel unheard and undervalued.
4.The new western medicine can be used either alone or in (combine) with the traditional Chinese medicine.
5.He walked slowly along the canal , his hand (bury) in his pocket.
6.With the (expand) of cities, many people sell their old houses in the countryside and move into new flats in cities.
7.The movie is set entirely within the playground of the (abandon) school.
8.Due to numerous factors, the economy in different areas develops different rates.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.The canal used to
(在……方面起至关重要的作用) the development of trade and transportation in the region, enabling goods to be transported efficiently to and from major cities.
2.Safety principles should (被应用于) the whole process of production.
3.After the cyclone swept through the region, many towns (沦为废墟), leaving behind a landscape of destruction and despair.
4.Accurate conclusions should (在……的基础上) data collection and analysis.
5.The famous sports player made up his mind to retire (在他的巅峰时期), which surprised many fans.
6.Each number (对应) a location on the map, so you can easily find your destination.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1. , he said, “Congratulations! I am proud of you.You are a good writer, so keep writing.”(现在分词作状语)
他热情地握住我的双手,说:“恭喜你!我为你感到骄傲。你是个好作家,所以要继续写作。”
2.The little deer silently crossed the fields, half . (过去分词作状语)
小鹿静静地穿过田野,在清晨的薄雾中若隐若现。
3.
its operations next year has excited all the employees.(同位语从句)
公司明年将扩展业务的消息让所有员工都感到兴奋。
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·四川攀枝花高二期末]
The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging (刺人的) tree known as Dendrocnide. Many people call it the gympie-gympie tree—a name given to the tree by indigenous Australians. It’s covered with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry poison. If you brush against a gympie-gympie tree, you won’t forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it’s been reported to stay for months.
Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful sting. Now researchers at the University of Queensland have discovered what makes this stinging plant so painful. After carefully studying different kinds of gympie-gympie trees, the scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the trees produce. This allowed them to identify a group of chemicals that they believed was responsible for the pain.
The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals, which they call “gympietides”. Sure enough, when the scientists injected mice with gympietides, the mice licked (舔) the places where they’d been injected, indicating that they hurt in those places. When the scientists studied the way gympietides were built, they found that they formed a knot-like shape. The shape makes the chemical very stable, which helps explain why the pain lasts so long.
The knot-like shape of the gympietides was similar to the shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone snails. The scientists were surprised to see three very different kinds of life all use similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures. It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie tree.
Though the tree’s sting may stop some animals from eating it, it doesn’t stop all animals. Beetles and pademelons (small relatives of the kangaroo) are able to eat the plant without trouble.
( )1.Why is a touch on the stinging tree unforgettable
A.It has an unusual appearance.
B.It is extremely rare in nature.
C.The suffering caused by it remains long.
D.Touching it creates a quite strange feeling.
( )2.What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging tree
A.How it produces poisons.
B.What poisons it produces.
C.The consequences of its sting.
D.How it benefits from the sting.
( )3.What does the text imply about the stinging tree
A.It produces the same poisons as spiders.
B.Poisonous as it is, it also has natural enemies.
C.Animals are wise enough to stay away from it.
D.Only one chemical in it causes pain to the toucher.
( )4.What is the best title for the text
A.Stinging trees’ secrets were exposed
B.Warning: trees that can poison you
C.Strange tree species found in Australia
D.Ways to avoid being hurt by stinging trees
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·内蒙古集宁一中高二期末]
Your eyes can water for many reasons, including weather, allergies (过敏) or, more seriously, an infection. 1. They might help explain why it’s happening.
Watering due to weather
Changes in seasons typically can cause changes to the eye due to the amount of humidity in the air and allergens. As winter approaches and we increase heat at home, at work and in the car, the air loses humidity, which causes the eye to become very dry. 2. But the type of tears produced doesn’t help lubricate (润滑) the eye and results in watering of these extra tears.
Pink eye
Pink eye is one of the most frustrating eye conditions. It commonly causes red and very watery eyes. 3. It is contagious (接触传染的) and recovery can take multiple weeks. Unfortunately, since pink eye is usually caused by a virus, no antibiotic eye drop can resolve the condition.
Watering and dry eye
4. Tears are made of three ingredients and, if there’s an imbalance in these, the tears won’t stay on the eye and will result in watering. Most commonly, it’s because the oil layer of the tears is lacking.
Eye scratches
A scratch on the cornea (角膜) is extremely painful and will cause redness, blurred vision and watering. The cornea is one of the most sensitive parts of the body and usually heals quickly with appropriate treatment. If you think your eye is scratched, it’s best to see your eye doctor as soon as possible. 5.
A.Otherwise, it can easily become infected.
B.Most pink eye is caused by a virus, like the common cold.
C.So your eyes try to help increase the quantity of tears produced.
D.This can cause redness and dryness of the eyelid itself and watering.
E.Even just walking through an area with allergens can cause eyes to water.
F.It seems not logical, but watering is the most bothersome sign of dry eye.
G.If your eyes water suddenly, watch the environmental factors you’re being exposed to.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
[2024·陕西渭南华州区高二期末]
Camellias (山茶花) are available in a great range of colours—red, pink, white and 1. (mix) colours. For the longest time, the golden camellias lived in a valley 2. was unknown to the outside world.
In the 1960s, Chinese scientists announced their 3. (discover) of the golden camellias. It was an amazing announcement for the international gardening community. Also, the discovery made it achievable to create yellow camellias, though 4. (create) a new kind of golden camellia was not very easy.
5. (unfortunate), in the past, golden camellias were cut down in large numbers because locals needed the limited land space for farming. In 1986, a nature reserve 6. (build) in a mountain valley from 200 to 500 7. (metre) above sea level, so the camellias could be well protected. Years ago, Huang Zainian and his brothers took up the work. In the past 10 years, the Huang brothers have made a great contribution in protecting the camellias. Even in hard times they didn’t cut down any golden camellias.
Year after year, the Huang brothers spent much time 8. (work) and eventually made their hard work pay 9. .
Now the golden camellia is 10.
city flower of the city, Fangchenggang. And life of the Huang brothers is greatly improved by planting golden camellias.(共86张PPT)
Scientists in Mexico have just begun a new study of one of
the world's biggest pyramids: the Pyramid of the Sun， north
of Mexico City. They're putting lots of small， high-tech
machines under the pyramid to try to unlock some of its
secrets. For thousands of years， people have tried to uncover
the secrets of the pyramids.
The people who built the pyramids made lots of secret
doors and rooms to stop robbers from finding the treasure
inside. However， there always have been some smart thieves
in history. Now， almost all of Egypt's pyramids have been
robbed， including the Great Pyramid of Khufu， which is
the largest pyramid in the world. It is the only one of the
ancient wonders of the world that is still standing.
In 820 AD， an Arab king named Abdullah Manum got a
group of workers to dig their way into the Great Pyramid and
have a look. Inside the pyramid， they found three rooms—the
Queen's Chamber， the Grand Gallery and the King's Chamber.
But to their surprise， the men didn't find the treasures they
wanted. The Queen's and King's Chambers were both empty!
Where were the King's mummy and his treasure Had someone
already taken them away The huge stone doors at the
pyramid's entrance were still closed when Manum's men went
inside. How had the thieves got in and out
Since then， many people have gone inside the Great
Pyramid to have a look or to try to take things. But still，
no other chambers or walkways have been found.
In 2002， an American team made the most recent visit
to the Great Pyramid. Scientists sent a robot into the pyramid，
but they only found a mysterious locked stone door.
【主题词句背诵】
1.one of the world's biggest pyramids 世界上最大的金字塔之一
2.unlock secrets 揭开秘密
3.uncover the secrets of the pyramids 揭开金字塔的秘密
4.the ancient wonders of the world 古老的世界奇迹
5.dig one's way into… 某人挖一条路进入……
6.to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是
7.make the most recent visit to… 最近一次参观/去了……
8.The people who built the pyramids made lots of secret doors
and rooms to stop robbers from finding the treasure inside.
建造金字塔的人建了许多秘密的门和房间，以防止强盗发现里面的
宝藏。
9.Now， almost all of Egypt's pyramids have been robbed，
including the Great Pyramid of Khufu， which is the largest
pyramid in the world.
现在，几乎所有的埃及金字塔都被盗过，包括世界上最大的金字
塔——胡夫大金字塔。
10.Since then， many people have gone inside the Great
Pyramid to have a look or to try to take things.
从那时起，许多人已经进入过大金字塔去看里面的情况或试图
(从那里)带走东西。
Period One
Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
Task 1： Fast Reading
fascination
achievements
collapse/decline
be solved
Task 2： Careful Reading
( ) 1.What is the author's purpose in starting the passage
with the story about William Gadoury
A.To introduce Maya civilisation.
B.To amuse the readers.
C.To emphasize the importance of Maya civilisation.
D.To inform us of the location of the Maya city.
√
( ) 2.What is the scholars' attitude towards William
Gadoury's discovery
A.Incredible. B.Disapproving. C.Favourable. D.Shocked.
( ) 3.How is Maya's writing system
A.It is simple but useful.
B.It is easy to understand.
C.It can only represent animals.
D.It is meaningful and complicated.
√
√
( ) 4.What is most extraordinary about the impressive places
and temples the Maya built
A.Who built them.
B.Why people built them.
C.When people built them.
D.How people built them without machinery.
√
Task 3： Micro-writing
Maya civilisation， which 1._____________________(surround)
by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century， is so
powerful among people.
What is most marvelous is how the Maya built impressive
palaces and temples without the use of metal tools. Also， the
Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also
quite 2._________ (amaze). They applied this understanding to
the Maya calendar， which was accurate to within 30 seconds
has been surrounded
amazing
per year. On top of all this was 3.____ achievement unique at
that time: a true writing system. It was a writing system so
complicated 4._____， so far， no one can interpret it
completely.
But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya
5.____________ (abandon) most of their great cities. By 700 AD，
Maya civilisation was at its peak. Yet， within just a couple of
generations， it began to 6.____________ (mysterious) decline.
an
that
to abandon
mysteriously
Why Maya civilisation collapsed 7.________ (remain) a
mystery. Some research indicates that the Maya people
themselves may have played a part in their downfall. Research
also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the
decline of the Maya. It 8.___________ (believe) that the droughts
were the main reason why Maya civilisation began to collapse at
different rates in different places.
Whatever the reasons， Maya civilisation largely disappeared
and its once-great cities fell 9._____ ruin. The rise and fall of
this civilisation must leave humans 10._________ (think) about
the past， present and future.
remains
is believed
into
thinking
1.be based on 以……为基础，基于……
(教材P66)Based on this， he believed he had spotted an
unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle.据此，他相信自己
发现了一座被埋在丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置。
(1)base v. 以……为基础
base…on/upon… 以……为……的根据/基础
(2)basis n. 基础；方式；基准
on the basis of 在……基础上；出于……原因
on a regular/daily/weekly basis
定期地；经常地/每天/每周
(3)basic adj. 基本的;基础的
basically adv. 基本上，大体上；从根本上说，总的说来
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is a must for language learners to grasp some ______
(base) grammar rules.
②[2024·全国甲卷] What is moderation (适度) _________ (basic)，
it means eating only as much food as your body needs.
③____ the basis of their knowledge and experiment conclusions，
they put forward their new theories.
basic
Basically
On
(2)完成句子
A series of activities ______________________ “Harmonious
campus” are going to be held.
以“和谐校园”主题为基础的一系列活动即将举行。(应用文写作之通知)
based on the topic of
2.bury v.将……埋在下面
(教材P66)Based on this， he believed he had spotted an
unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle.
据此，他相信自己发现了一座被埋在丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置。
(1)bury one's head/face in one's hands 某人用手捂住头/脸
(2)bury oneself in=be buried in 埋头于;专心于
be buried in thought 陷入沉思
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The girl was sitting on the bench in the park， ________
(bury) herself in the book.
②_______ (bury) in thought， he didn't realize that all the
others had left.
burying
Buried
(2)完成句子
She ____________________________ and began to sob.
她用手捂住脸，开始抽噎起来。
buried her face in her hands
3.apply…to… 将……应用到……上;把……涂/敷到……上
(教材P67)They applied this understanding to the Maya calendar，
which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year.
他们将这一认识应用到了玛雅历中，该历法精确程度极高，每年误
差不超过30秒。
(1)apply (to sb) for… (向某人)申请……，请求……
apply to do sth 申请做某事
apply to 适用于
apply oneself to 专心致志于；全身心地投入到
(2) application n. 申请;应用
applicant n. 申请人
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Her ___________ (apply) was responded and she would be
admitted to that university soon.
②The __________ (apply) has experience in teaching and，
more relevantly， in industry.
③This does not apply ____ everyone， so it is essential to
establish your own rhythm.
application
applicant
to
(2)熟词生义
They helped to check my condition and applied some medicine
to my arm. ________
涂，敷
(3)完成句子
①After _________ a little ointment ____ his hand， Jeff soon
_____________________________ the kitchen yesterday.
昨天杰夫在他的手上涂了一点药膏后，他很快就专心打扫厨房。
(读后续写之动作描写)
applying
to
applied himself to cleaning up
②I'm writing _____________________________， which I think I
am well qualified for.
我写信申请这份志愿工作，我认为我完全能胜任该工作。
(应用文写作之申请信)
to apply for the voluntary job
4.ruin n. 残垣断壁，废墟
(教材P68)Its once-great cities fell into ruin， leaving various
mysteries for later people to solve.
曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。
(1)fall into ruin (因无人照顾而)衰落，败落，破旧不堪
in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
(2)ruin v. 毁坏
ruin oneself 自取灭亡
ruin one's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
It rained for two weeks on end， completely ________ (ruin)
our holiday.
ruining
(2)完成句子
①The old house where he was born ___________________ so
far.
他出生的那栋老房子迄今为止已经破旧不堪了。
has fallen into ruin
②The strong earthquake left the city ________ merely in several
seconds.
强烈的地震仅在几秒的时间里就使这座城市变成了废墟。
(话题写作之灾害预防)
in ruins
5.abandon v. 离弃，逃离，放弃
(教材P68)But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the
Maya to abandon most of their great cities.但最大的谜团是什么
导致了玛雅人离弃了绝大部分的大城市。
(1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth=be abandoned to (doing)
sth=be addicted to (doing) sth 沉溺于(做)某事
(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
The police found the lost treasure in an ____________ (abandon)
well.
abandoned
(2)完成句子
Some students in college ___________________________
____________________________the Internet games and even
fail the exam.
有些大学生沉迷于网游，甚至考试不及格。
abandon themselves to/are abandoned to/are addicted to
6.dismiss v. 拒绝考虑，否定；开除，解雇；让……离开，解散;
去除，消除
(教材P68)Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars，
it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation
are among people.
尽管他的理论被学者们否定了，但这表明了古玛雅文明的秘密在人
们当中是多么有影响力。
(1) dismiss sb from… 把某人从……(职位)解雇/免职
dismiss sb for sth 因某事解雇某人
(2)dismissal n. 驳回;解雇;不予考虑
(3)dismissive adj. 轻蔑的;鄙视的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①His _________ (dismiss) has no connection to the quality of
his work.
dismissal
②The emoji “smile” used to represent kindness， but now to
some extent it indicates an unhappy and __________ (dismiss)
attitude.
dismissive
(2)一词多义
①The professor dismissed the class early because she had a
meeting. ______
②He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.
__________
③Dismissing her fears， she climbed higher. __________
解散
拒绝考虑
去除,消除
(3)完成句子
If you break the rules here， we shall have to _______________
______________.
如果你违反了这里的规定，我们将不得不开除你。
dismiss you (from the post)
7.expansion n.扩大;增加
expand v. 扩大；扩展
expand to… 扩展到……
expand on/upon 充分叙述;详细阐明
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Given the necessary investment， this region is perfect for
economic __________ (expand).
②He hopes the exchange programme will take place every year
and expand ____ neighbouring countries.
expansion
to
(2)完成句子
The teacher ___________________ the uses of the English
subjunctive mood in his last lecture.
老师在上次讲座中详细地讲述了英语虚拟语气的用法。(话题写作之
生活与学习)
expanded on/upon
(1)(教材P66)Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young
age, 15-year-old Canadian William Gadoury thought he had
made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star
charts.十五岁的加拿大少年威廉·甘德瑞自幼便对玛雅文明着迷，他
认为自己通过研究古老星象图有了惊人发现。
(2)(教材P66)Extending south from parts of what we now
know as Mexico into Central America， Maya civilisation has
been surrounded by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th
century.玛雅文明的范围从现今墨西哥的部分区域向南延伸至中美洲。
自19世纪玛雅文明再现以来，层层迷雾便一直围绕着它。
句型公式
现在分词/过去分词(短语)作状语
【句式点拨】
句(1)中的intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age为
过去分词短语作状语。过去分词(短语)作状语时,句子的主语与过去
分词之间是逻辑上的被动关系。
句(2)中extending south from parts of what we now know as
Mexico into Central America为现在分词短语作状语。现在分词
(短语)作状语时，句子的主语与现在分词之间是逻辑上的主动关系。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is said that now about 20% of 25- to 34-year-old adults
live with their parents， __________ (compare)with 16% in 1991.
compared
②For the first time in my life， I washed my grandma's feet，
never __________ (forget) the sweet smile she wore and the
happiness I felt.
forgetting
(2)完成句子/句式改写
①______________________， I sincerely apologised to him for
my bad manners.
我鼓起勇气，真诚地为我的无礼向他道歉。(读后续写之行为描写)
Gathering my courage
②________________， he stood rooted to the spot，
unknowing how to deal with the situation.
他吓呆了，一动不动地站着，不知道如何应付这个情况。
(读后续写之情感描写)
Frozen with fear
③These mountains are a splendid sight when they are viewed
from the valley floor.
→These mountains are a splendid sight _____________ from the
valley floor.(用分词改写) (读后续写之景物描写)
when viewed
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The ancient Egyptian __________ (civilise) is known for its
remarkable achievements, including the construction of the Great
Pyramid, which continues to attract visitors from around the
world.
civilisation
2.They knew that I was praised as the one most likely _______
(win) the best speaker for the debate series.
to win
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
3.Her __________ (dismiss) attitude towards his concerns only
added to his frustration, making him feel unheard and
undervalued.
dismissive
4.The new western medicine can be used either alone or in
____________ (combine) with the traditional Chinese medicine.
combination
5.He walked slowly along the canal, his hand _______ (bury) in
his pocket.
buried
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
6.With the __________ (expand) of cities, many people sell their
old houses in the countryside and move into new flats in cities.
expansion
7.The movie is set entirely within the playground of the
____________ (abandon) school.
abandoned
8.Due to numerous factors, the economy in different areas
develops ___ different rates.
at
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.The canal used to _____________________(在……方面起至关重
要的作用) the development of trade and transportation in the
region, enabling goods to be transported efficiently to and from
major cities.
play a crucial part in
2.Safety principles should ______________ (被应用于) the whole
process of production.
be applied to
3.After the cyclone swept through the region, many towns
_____________ (沦为废墟), leaving behind a landscape of
destruction and despair.
fell into ruin
1
2
3
4
5
6
4.Accurate conclusions should _____________ (在……的基础上)
data collection and analysis.
be based on
5.The famous sports player made up his mind to retire
____________ (在他的巅峰时期), which surprised many fans.
at his peak
6.Each number _______________ (对应) a location on the map,
so you can easily find your destination.
corresponds to
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ⅲ 句型训练
1._________________________, he said, “Congratulations! I am
proud of you. You are a good writer, so keep writing.”
(现在分词作状语)
他热情地握住我的双手，说：“恭喜你！我为你感到骄傲。你是个好
作家，所以要继续写作。”
Holding my hands warmly
1
2
3
2.The little deer silently crossed the fields, half ________________
_________________________. (过去分词作状语)
小鹿静静地穿过田野,在清晨的薄雾中若隐若现。
hidden in the mists of the early morning
3.____________________________________________its operations
next year has excited all the employees.(同位语从句)
公司明年将扩展业务的消息让所有员工都感到兴奋。
The news that the company will be expanding
1
2
3
Ⅳ 阅读理解
[2024·四川攀枝花高二期末]
The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging
(刺人的) tree known as Dendrocnide. Many people call it the
gympie-gympie tree—a name given to the tree by indigenous
Australians. It's covered with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry
poison. If you brush against a gympie-gympie tree, you won't
forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours,
1
2
3
4
days or weeks. In some cases, it's been reported to stay for
months.
Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful
sting. Now researchers at the University of Queensland have
discovered what makes this stinging plant so painful. After
carefully studying different kinds of gympie-gympie trees, the
scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the
trees produce. This allowed them to identify a group of
chemicals that they believed was responsible for the pain.
1
2
3
4
The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals,
which they call “gympietides”. Sure enough, when the scientists
injected mice with gympietides, the mice licked (舔) the places
where they'd been injected, indicating that they hurt in those
places. When the scientists studied the way gympietides were
built, they found that they formed a knot-like shape. The shape
makes the chemical very stable, which helps explain why the
pain lasts so long.
1
2
3
4
The knot-like shape of the gympietides was similar to the
shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone
snails. The scientists were surprised to see three very different
kinds of life all use similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails
carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other
creatures. It's not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie
tree.
1
2
3
4
Though the tree's sting may stop some animals from eating
it, it doesn't stop all animals. Beetles and pademelons
(small relatives of the kangaroo) are able to eat the plant
without trouble.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对澳大利亚
的金皮树进行研究，发现了它导致人们疼痛的原因。
1
2
3
4
( ) 1.Why is a touch on the stinging tree unforgettable
A.It has an unusual appearance.
B.It is extremely rare in nature.
C.The suffering caused by it remains long.
D.Touching it creates a quite strange feeling.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“If you brush against a gympie-
gympie tree, you won't forget it anytime soon. The pain can
stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it's been
reported to stay for months.”可知，碰到金皮树会让人难以忘记，
因为它所造成的痛苦会持续很久。故选C。
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( ) 2.What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging
tree
A.How it produces poisons.
B.What poisons it produces.
C.The consequences of its sting.
D.How it benefits from the sting.
√
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The scientists were surprised
to see three very different kinds of life all use similar poisons.
Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food
by stinging other creatures. It's not clear how stinging helps the
gympie-gympie tree.”可知，科学家没有发现金皮树的刺是如何帮助
金皮树的，故选D。
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( ) 3.What does the text imply about the stinging tree
A.It produces the same poisons as spiders.
B.Poisonous as it is, it also has natural enemies.
C.Animals are wise enough to stay away from it.
D.Only one chemical in it causes pain to the toucher.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though the tree's sting may
stop some animals from eating it, it doesn't stop all animals.
Beetles and pademelons (small relatives of the kangaroo) are
able to eat the plant without trouble.”可知，尽管金皮树有毒，一
些动物不能吃它，但是像甲虫和小型沙袋鼠就能吃，这说明尽管金
皮树有毒，它也是有天敌的。故选B。
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( ) 4.What is the best title for the text
A.Stinging trees' secrets were exposed
B.Warning: trees that can poison you
C.Strange tree species found in Australia
D.Ways to avoid being hurt by stinging trees
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3
4
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The rainforests of eastern
Australia are home to a stinging (刺人的) tree known as
Dendrocnide. Many people call it the gympie-gympie tree—a
name given to the tree by indigenous Australians. It's covered
with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry poison. If you brush
against a gympie-gympie tree, you won't forget it anytime soon.
The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some
cases, it's been reported to stay for months.”并结合文章大意可知，
文章主要讲述了科学家对金皮树的研究，且发现了金皮树的秘密，A
选项“金皮树的秘密被揭露”最适合当文章标题。故选A。
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Ⅴ 阅读七选五
[2024·内蒙古集宁一中高二期末]
Your eyes can water for many reasons, including weather,
allergies (过敏) or, more seriously, an infection. 1.___ They might
help explain why it's happening.
G
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Watering due to weather
Changes in seasons typically can cause changes to the eye
due to the amount of humidity in the air and allergens. As
winter approaches and we increase heat at home, at work and
in the car, the air loses humidity, which causes the eye to
become very dry. 2.___ But the type of tears produced doesn't
help lubricate (润滑) the eye and results in watering of these
extra tears.
C
1
2
3
4
5
Pink eye
Pink eye is one of the most frustrating eye conditions. It
commonly causes red and very watery eyes. 3.___ It is
contagious (接触传染的) and recovery can take multiple weeks.
Unfortunately, since pink eye is usually caused by a virus, no
antibiotic eye drop can resolve the condition.
B
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Watering and dry eye
4.___ Tears are made of three ingredients and, if there's an
imbalance in these, the tears won't stay on the eye and will
result in watering. Most commonly, it's because the oil layer of
the tears is lacking.
Eye scratches
A scratch on the cornea (角膜) is extremely painful and will
cause redness, blurred vision and watering. The cornea is one of
the most sensitive parts of the body and usually heals quickly
with appropriate treatment. If you think your eye is scratched,
it's best to see your eye doctor as soon as possible. 5.___
F
A
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A.Otherwise, it can easily become infected.
B.Most pink eye is caused by a virus, like the common cold.
C.So your eyes try to help increase the quantity of tears
produced.
D.This can cause redness and dryness of the eyelid itself and
watering.
E.Even just walking through an area with allergens can cause
eyes to water.
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2
3
4
5
F.It seems not logical, but watering is the most bothersome sign
of dry eye.
G.If your eyes water suddenly, watch the environmental factors
you're being exposed to.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了眼睛流泪的原因以及
环境因素的影响。
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1.___
G
[解析] 根据上文“Your eyes can water for many reasons,
including weather, allergies (过敏) or, more seriously, an
infection.”可知，设空处应该说明眼睛流泪的原因。G项(如果你的眼
睛突然流泪，注意你所接触的环境因素。)切题。故选G。
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2.___
C
[解析] 根据上文“As winter approaches and we increase heat at
home, at work and in the car, the air loses humidity, which
causes the eye to become very dry.”以及下文“But the type of
tears produced doesn't help lubricate (润滑) the eye and results
in watering of these extra tears.”可知，当眼睛变得干燥时，眼睛
会产生眼泪。C项(所以你的眼睛试图帮助增加眼泪的产生量。)切题。
故选C。
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3.___
B
[解析] 根据该段小标题Pink eye和上文“Pink eye is one of the
most frustrating eye conditions. It commonly causes red and
very watery eyes.”可知，设空处应该在说导致红眼病的原因。B项
(大多数红眼病是由病毒引起的，像普通的感冒一样。)切题。故选B。
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4.___
F
[解析] 根据该段小标题Watering and dry eye和下文“Tears are
made of three ingredients and, if there's an imbalance in these,
the tears won't stay on the eye and will result in watering. Most
commonly, it's because the oil layer of the tears is lacking.”可知，
设空处应该在说流泪。F项(这似乎不合逻辑，但流泪是干眼症最令
人烦恼的迹象。)切题。故选F。
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5.___
A
[解析] 根据上文“If you think your eye is scratched, it's best to
see your eye doctor as soon as possible.”可知，下文应该在说不
及时看医生会产生的后果。A项(否则，它很容易感染。)切题。故选A。
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Ⅵ 语法填空
[2024·陕西渭南华州区高二期末]
Camellias (山茶花) are available in a great range of
colours—red, pink, white and 1._______(mix) colours. For the
longest time, the golden camellias lived in a valley 2.__________
____ was unknown to the outside world.
mixed
which或that
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In the 1960s, Chinese scientists announced their
3.__________ (discover) of the golden camellias. It was an
amazing announcement for the international gardening
community. Also, the discovery made it achievable to create
yellow camellias, though 4._________ (create) a new kind of
golden camellia was not very easy.
discovery
creating
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5._____________ (unfortunate), in the past, golden camellias
were cut down in large numbers because locals needed the
limited land space for farming. In 1986, a nature reserve
6.__________ (build) in a mountain valley from 200 to
500 7.________ (metre) above sea level, so the camellias could
be well protected. Years ago, Huang Zainian and his brothers
took up the work. In the past 10 years, the Huang brothers
have made a great contribution in protecting the camellias. Even
in hard times they didn't cut down any golden camellias.
Unfortunately
was built
metres
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Year after year, the Huang brothers spent much time
8._________ (work) and eventually made their hard work pay
9.____.Now the golden camellia is 10.____city flower of the city,
Fangchenggang. And life of the Huang brothers is greatly
improved by planting golden camellias.
working
off
the
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了金花茶的发现、
保护和黄氏兄弟的贡献。
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1._______
mixed
[解析] 考查形容词。修饰名词colours应用形容词mixed，作定语。
故填mixed。
2.____________
which或that
[解析] 考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词为valley，指
物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。
故填which或that。
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3
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5
6
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3.__________
discovery
[解析] 考查名词。作动词的宾语，应用名词discovery，此处特指金
花茶的发现，应用单数。故填discovery。
4._________
creating
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。作从句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填
creating。
5._____________
Unfortunately
[解析] 考查副词。修饰整个句子，表示“不幸地”，应用副词
unfortunately，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。
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5
6
7
8
9
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6.__________
was built
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。主语a nature reserve与谓
语构成被动关系，根据上文in 1986可知，应用一般过去时的被动语
态，谓语用单数。故填was built。
7.________
metres
[解析] 考查名词复数。根据上文200 to 500可知，metre应用复数。
故填metres。
8._________
working
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。短语spend time doing sth表示“花费时间
做某事”，故填working。
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3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.____
off
[解析] 考查固定短语。pay off表示“达到目的，成功”，固定短语。
故填off。
10.____
the
[解析] 考查冠词。此处修饰名词，特指“防城港的市花”，应用定冠
词the。故填the。
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