Period Four Writing
【单元主题表达】
【写作词汇】
1.simulator 2.challenging 3.tricky 4.effortlessly 5.a wide variety of activities 6.step into 7.daily routine
【高级句式】
1.In order to/To make us experience life 2.Dressed in a special suit like a real astronaut 3.which made the simple daily routine quite challenging 4.arranged for us 5.What I enjoyed most 6.with no gravity holding 7.The minute/instant/moment I lifted my heavy step 8.Even though/if there were some inconveniences in space; never more inspired
【活学活用】
One possible version:
Last month, a live science lecture given by Chinese astronauts from the space station was presented in our lecture hall.
All the students from Grade One attended the lecture, watched the astronauts’ living and working conditions and gained insight into their magical daily life and challenging routine missions.What’s more, those lucky ones even interacted with the astronauts through the video call.It was fascinating to learn about the challenges and rewards of space exploration and the important research being conducted in microgravity.
The lecture won great popularity with the students, keeping their thirst for space knowledge alive and fuelling their enthusiasm for science as well.Period Four Writing
Ⅰ.A
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了10月初,在一起地球外环境执法案件中,首次对造成太空垃圾的主体处以罚款,文章还介绍了太空垃圾的危害以及处理方式。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The television company, Dish Network, was hit with a $125,000 fine by the United States government for failing to remove a satellite in orbit that would have risked a collision with other space equipment…”可知,Dish Network被罚款是因为未能移除轨道上的卫星,即把太空垃圾留在了轨道上。故选A。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A huge amount of damage can be caused by something just a few centimetres in size, meaning that every effort must be taken to keep space as clear as possible. Collisions that take place in space have an effect back on Earth. Damaged satellites impact our ability to use the Internet and navigation, leaving increasingly global critical infrastructure in an unstable state.”可知,碎片在太空可能会造成巨大破坏,因此要保持太空干净。故选C。
3.B 段落大意题。根据本段首句“One solution to this may be to send autonomous space vehicles into orbit, which can then catch and effectively de-orbit space junk.”和最后一句“Therefore, fines and regulatory enforcement may presently be the only realistic method to hold organizations accountable.”可知,本段主要介绍了清理太空垃圾的办法。故选B。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第三段“Therefore, fines and regulatory enforcement may presently be the only realistic method to hold organizations accountable.”和最后一段中“It is hoped that significant fines like these will serve as a warning for companies, forcing them to make sure of the safe decommissioning of their space operations.”推知,作者对罚款这种措施持支持态度。故选D。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了双重极光的现象,特别是红色和绿色极光的形成原因,以及公民科学家拍摄的图片帮助揭示其中的奥秘。
5.A 推理判断题。第一段“Double rainbows are one thing, but a double aurora(极光) They can happen, though some kinds are rare. One particular red-and-green aurora is especially confusing. Now, images taken by amateur astronomers may help reveal its secrets.”主要介绍了双重极光的现象,特别是红色和绿色极光的形成原因,以及天文爱好者拍摄的图片可能可以帮助揭示其中的奥秘。所以这是一篇关于天文发现的新闻报道。故选A。
6.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“One idea is that Earth’s magnetic field can heat up certain areas of the atmosphere.”可推知,红色极光与地球的磁场有关。故选C。
7.B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But the electrons carry less energy than the protons, so they make for a more reddish colour.”可知,粒子携带的能量影响极光的颜色。故选B。
8.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The citizen scientists who took the photos were a critical part of the new findings, Nishimura says.”可推知,作者提到艾伦·戴尔的例子是想说明公民科学家通过拍摄图片帮助解释双重极光。故选D。
Ⅱ.第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mr Zhao,
I am a student from Class 1. After carefully reviewing the itinerary, I believe it would be beneficial to us to include a visit to the local Aerospace Museum.
Firstly, a trip to the Aerospace Museum would afford us the invaluable opportunity to explore the rich history and evolution of the aerospace industry, allowing us to gain insights into the technological advancements that have shaped our understanding of flight and space exploration. Secondly, the museum is renowned for its impressive displays, which include a variety of crafted models, detailed replicas, and interactive exhibits that bring the wonders of space to life.
I sincerely hope you will consider my suggestion and make necessary adjustments to the itinerary to include this enriching experience. Thank you for your attention to this matter, and I eagerly await your positive response.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以事件发展为线索展开,讲述了英语老师布置与暑假相关的写作任务,吉姆没有按常规写暑假经历,而是创作了关于没有暑假的外星球的科幻故事,最后他获得了老师给出的A等成绩。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“当皮博迪夫人邀请吉姆分享他写作的一些想法时,其他学生都满怀期待地看着他。”可知,第一段可描写吉姆分享自己的写作思路和想法。
②由第二段首句内容“皮博迪夫人认为是时候解释吉姆的成绩了。”可知,第二段可描写老师解释给吉姆A等成绩的原因。
2.续写线索:吉姆分享写作思路—皮博迪夫人解释成绩—同学们的反应—吉姆的感受
One possible version:
When Mrs Peabody invited Jim to share some thoughts on his writing, other students were all looking at him expectantly. Jim, feeling both surprised and nervous(现在分词作状语), slowly made his way to the front of the classroom. Clearing his throat(现在分词作状语), he began, “Well, I guess I just wanted to write something different. You know, everyone else would write about their beach trips or family vacations, and I thought, ‘Why not create a whole new world ’” He paused and then continued, “On this planet, they don’t have summer or vacations, and I kind of felt sorry for the aliens there. It made me appreciate (make+宾语+宾补) our summers even more.”
Mrs Peabody thought it was time to explain Jim’s grade. She stood up and addressed the class. “Class, Jim stretched his imagination and took a risk. That’s precisely what I was hoping for(表语从句). Creativity and originality are qualities that are often overlooked (定语从句) in favour of obedience. His work reminded us all that writing is not just about meeting expectations—it’s about exploring the boundaries of your imagination(宾语从句). That’s why Jim earned an A(表语从句).” The class erupted into applause, and Jim, standing tall(现在分词作状语), felt a wave of pride and a kind of newfound confidence in his own creativity.Period Four Writing
Writing a journal entry about living in space
写一篇关于太空生活的日志
【典例精析】
假定你是李华,你校于上周组织同学们参加了为期一天的航天飞机模拟器体验活动,你度过了难忘的24小时,英语老师要求你们写一篇日志。主要内容包括:
1.活动内容;
2.活动中你最喜欢或最不喜欢的事情;
3.你的感受。
【写作指导】
1.确定写作体裁:本文体裁为日志,其属于应用文的范畴, 时态多为一般过去时。
2.明确写作要求:根据题目要求,主要介绍一次航天飞机模拟器的体验之旅,具体内容要包括:
(1)活动内容;
(2)活动中你最喜欢或最不喜欢的事情;
(3)你的感受。
3.根据题目要求确定关键词(组),进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。
4.连句成篇, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面十分重要。
【写作词汇】
1. n.模拟器
2. adj.有挑战性的
3. adj.棘手的;难办的
4. adv.毫不费力地
5. 种类繁多的活动
6. 走进
7. 日常生活
【高级句式】
1.目的状语
on a spacecraft simulator for 24 hours, our school held an activity last week.
为了让我们在航天飞机模拟器上体验24小时的生活,我们学校上周举办了一项活动。
2.过去分词短语作状语
, I stepped into the simulator, a world with zero gravity.
我像真正的宇航员一样穿着一身特殊的衣服,走进了模拟器,一个零重力的世界。
3.定语从句;make+宾语+宾补
There was no up or down, .
没有上下之分,这使得简单的日常生活变得相当具有挑战性。
4.过去分词短语作定语
Besides, there were a wide variety of activities .
此外,(学校)还为我们安排了种类繁多的活动。
5.主语从句
was the jumping, for I could jump really high effortlessly.
我最喜欢的是跳跃,因为我可以毫不费力地跳得很高。
6.with复合结构
The landing could be tricky me down.
在没有重力使我保持向下的情况下,着陆可能会很棘手。
7.“the+名词”引导时间状语从句
, I had already missed being in the simulator floating around.
当我抬起我沉重的脚步的那一刻,我已经开始怀念在模拟器中四处漂浮的感觉了。
8.让步状语从句;否定词+比较级
, my dream was !
即使在太空中有一些不便之处,但我的梦想从未这样备受鼓舞!
【连贯成文】
In order to make us experience life on a spacecraft simulator for 24 hours, our school held an activity last week.
Dressed in a special suit like a real astronaut, I stepped into the simulator, a world with zero gravity. There was no up or down, which made the simple daily routine quite challenging. Besides, there were a wide variety of activities arranged for us. What I enjoyed most was the jumping, for I could jump really high effortlessly. But the landing could be tricky with no gravity holding me down.
After a whole day of being an astronaut, gravity got me again. The minute I lifted my heavy step, I had already missed being in the simulator floating around. Even though there were some inconveniences in space, my dream was never more inspired!
【活学活用】
假定你是李华,上个月你校组织学生观看了来自中国空间站宇航员的一堂直播科普课(live science lecture)。英语老师要求你们就此事写一篇日志,内容包括:
1.活动时间、地点及参与人员;
2.活动内容;
3.活动反响。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Period Four Writing
●Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
The first-ever fine for space junk was issued in early October in a case of off-planet environmental enforcement (执法). The television company, Dish Network, was hit with a $125,000 fine by the United States government for failing to remove a satellite in orbit that would have risked a collision with other space equipment, which would be a safety concern that will only grow with time as off-planet activities increase.
According to NASA, debris (碎片) orbiting in space can travel up to 15 kilometres per second, which is nearly 10 times faster than the speed of a bullet. A huge amount of damage can be caused by something just a few centimetres in size, meaning that every effort must be taken to keep space as clear as possible. Collisions that take place in space have an effect back on Earth. Damaged satellites impact our ability to use the Internet and navigation, leaving increasingly global critical infrastructure in an unstable state.
One solution to this may be to send autonomous space vehicles into orbit, which can then catch and effectively de-orbit space junk. By utilizing tools such as robotic arms, or nets, this approach will require very precise tracks and fine cooperation in order to be successful. Such measures are yet to catch up with the increase in space activity and pollution currently occurring. Therefore, fines and regulatory enforcement may presently be the only realistic method to hold organizations accountable.
The Dish Network satellite, fined $125,000 by the Federal Communications Commission, failed to de-orbit as a lack of fuel stopped the satellite from fully decommissioning (退役) a safe distance from Earth, falling short by around 75 miles (120 kilometres). It is hoped that significant fines like these will serve as a warning for companies, forcing them to make sure of the safe decommissioning of their space operations.
( )1.Why was Dish Network fined
A.It left space junk in orbit.
B.It increased off-planet activities.
C.It made collisions among space equipment.
D.It sent too much space equipment to space.
( )2.Why is it necessary to keep space clean
A.Space junk may turn into bullets.
B.Debris is too tiny to track.
C.Debris may cause great damage in space.
D.A bad space environment will destroy the Earth.
( )3.What is the third paragraph mainly about
A.The harm of space junk.
B.Ways to remove space junk.
C.Types of autonomous space vehicles.
D.Approaches to stopping satellites.
( )4.What’s the author’s attitude towards the fines
A.Unconcerned. B.Doubtful.
C.Negative. D.Approving.
B [2024·辽宁沈阳郊联体高二期末]
Double rainbows are one thing, but a double aurora (极光) They can happen, though some kinds are rare. One particular red-and-green aurora is especially confusing. Now, images taken by amateur astronomers may help reveal its secrets.
Citizen scientists living in Canada and Finland used cameras to document an unusual combination of auroras in the night sky. Physicists have studied those images to learn what may have caused the unusual light show.
Alan Dyer was outside his home in Strathmore, Canada, when the dancing Northern Lights caught his attention. He grabbed his camera and started filming. “I knew I had something interesting,” says Dyer. At first glance, the double aurora looks like a floating slice of watermelon. The green aurora is well-understood. The red strip is more mysterious. Scientists have known about these red auroras for decades. But there’s no agreement on how they form. One idea is that Earth’s magnetic field can heat up certain areas of the atmosphere. That heat could knock particles around, like in proton (质子) rain.
Researchers had seen these two types of auroras occur together before. But it was always mysterious, says Toshi Nishimura, a space physicist at Boston University. After looking at satellite observations along with the images taken by Dyer and others, Nishimura and his team concluded how the two phenomena might be related. The key is the thin rays in the red aurora. They mark the paths of electrons falling through the Earth’s magnetic field. That means electron rain appears to cause the red aurora, just as proton rain causes the green one. Both get powered by the solar wind. But the electrons carry less energy than the protons, so they make for a more reddish colour.
Electron rain might not be the only way to produce the stable red auroras, though. The results show that what’s going on is more complicated than researchers had thought. The auroras Dyer saw could be danger zones for radio communication and GPS systems, says Nishimura.
The citizen scientists who took the photos were a critical part of the new findings, Nishimura says.
( )5.Where is the text probably taken from
A.A news report on astronomical discoveries.
B.A blog about sky phenomena.
C.A review of aurora research.
D.A brochure of aurora tours.
( )6.What can be inferred about red auroras
A.They are fully understood by scientists.
B.They were first spotted by Alan Dyer.
C.They are related to Earth’s magnetic field.
D.They are generated from proton rain.
( )7.What may affect the colour of the aurora
A.The path it travels along.
B.The energy particles carry.
C.The wavelength of rays.
D.The source of solar wind.
( )8.What does the author indicate by mentioning Alan Dyer’s example
A.Photography drives scientific research.
B.The double aurora is a threat to GPS systems.
C.Satellite observations lead to aurora discoveries.
D.Citizen scientists help explain the double aurora.
●Ⅱ 写作
第一节 应用文写作
假定你是某国际学校的学生李华,下周学校将组织为期三天的研学旅行,你发现行程(itinerary)较为宽松,决定写一封邮件给学校,内容包括:
1.建议增加参观当地航天博物馆;
2.至少陈述两个理由。
注意:词数80个左右。
Dear Mr Zhao,
I am a student from Class 1.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写
[2024·四川成都蓉城联盟高二期末]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A writing assignment
Mrs Peabody, the English teacher, gave the class a writing assignment. “Write something in some way related to the summer vacation,” she said. “Be as creative as you can. But,” the teacher added, “make sure you use proper spelling and grammar.”
That night Jim sat at his desk at home and stared at a blank sheet of paper. He didn’t want to write about his summer vacation as usual. What could he write about, except a dog, a water park and two weeks of camp Boring…He’d actually been happy to get back to school.
So he wrote what he wanted. Not an essay at all but a short story, science fiction. It was about a distant planet that didn’t have summer—it was spring all the time. And it didn’t have vacations either. The aliens on the planet worked 24 hours a day. They wished they had vacations.
The next morning he handed in the story, but later that night he lay awake until 3 am, thinking, “Why did I do that Will Mrs Peabody think I ignored the assignment ” English was his favourite class. Maybe he would beg Mrs Peabody for a chance to write another one, the sort she wanted.
But when he got to class the following day, it turned out that Mrs Peabody had already read and graded the essays.
The teacher said, “I’m going to pass back your summer vacation writings in a minute. I’m afraid I’ve got some rather harsh words to say. Almost everyone in class simply wrote an essay about his or her summer vacation…Almost everyone.”
“This is bad,” Jim thought. “I’m getting an F. I know it.”
“But,” the teacher continued, “one of you had the courage to be as imaginative as I asked you to be. Jim Martin was the only one who got an A on the assignment.”
Jim couldn’t believe his ears.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
When Mrs Peabody invited Jim to share some thoughts on his writing, other students were all looking at him expectantly.
Paragraph 2:
Mrs Peabody thought it was time to explain Jim’s grade.
(共53张PPT)
Period Four
Writing
单元主题表达
练习册
Writing a journal entry about living in space
写一篇关于太空生活的日志
【典例精析】
假定你是李华，你校于上周组织同学们参加了为期一天的航天
飞机模拟器体验活动，你度过了难忘的24小时，英语老师要求你们
写一篇日志。主要内容包括:
1.活动内容;
2.活动中你最喜欢或最不喜欢的事情；
3.你的感受。
【写作指导】
1.确定写作体裁:本文体裁为日志，其属于应用文的范畴， 时态多为
一般过去时。
2.明确写作要求:根据题目要求，主要介绍一次航天飞机模拟器的体
验之旅，具体内容要包括:
(1)活动内容;
(2)活动中你最喜欢或最不喜欢的事情；
(3)你的感受。
3.根据题目要求确定关键词(组)，进行遣词造句， 注意主谓一致和
时态问题。
4.连句成篇， 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡， 书
写要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面十分重要。
【写作词汇】
1.__________ n.模拟器
2.____________ adj.有挑战性的
3.______ adj.棘手的;难办的
4.___________ adv.毫不费力地
5._________________________ 种类繁多的活动
6.__________ 走进
7._____________ 日常生活
simulator
challenging
tricky
effortlessly
a wide variety of activities
step into
daily routine
【高级句式】
1.目的状语
_____________________________________ on a spacecraft
simulator for 24 hours， our school held an activity last week.
为了让我们在航天飞机模拟器上体验24小时的生活，我们学校上周
举办了一项活动。
In order to/To make us experience life
2.过去分词短语作状语
___________________________________________， I stepped into
the simulator， a world with zero gravity.
我像真正的宇航员一样穿着一身特殊的衣服，走进了模拟器，一个
零重力的世界。
Dressed in a special suit like a real astronaut
3.定语从句;make+宾语+宾补
There was no up or down， ________________________________
_______________________.
没有上下之分，这使得简单的日常生活变得相当具有挑战性。
which made the simple daily routine quite challenging
4.过去分词短语作定语
Besides， there were a wide variety of activities ______________
__.
此外，(学校)还为我们安排了种类繁多的活动。
arranged for us
5.主语从句
_____________________ was the jumping， for I could jump
really high effortlessly.
我最喜欢的是跳跃，因为我可以毫不费力地跳得很高。
What I enjoyed most
6.with复合结构
The landing could be tricky _______________________ me down.
在没有重力使我保持向下的情况下，着陆可能会很棘手。
with no gravity holding
7.“the+名词”引导时间状语从句
_______________________________________________， I had
already missed being in the simulator floating around.
当我抬起我沉重的脚步的那一刻，我已经开始怀念在模拟器中四处
漂浮的感觉了。
The minute/instant/moment I lifted my heavy step
8.让步状语从句；否定词+比较级
______________________________________________________，
my dream was ____________________!
即使在太空中有一些不便之处，但我的梦想从未这样备受鼓舞!
Even though/if there were some inconveniences in space
never more inspired
【连贯成文】
In order to make us experience life on a spacecraft
simulator for 24 hours， our school held an activity last week.
Dressed in a special suit like a real astronaut， I stepped
into the simulator， a world with zero gravity. There was no up
or down， which made the simple daily routine quite
challenging. Besides， there were a wide variety of activities
arranged for us. What I enjoyed most was the jumping， for I
could jump really high effortlessly. But the landing could be
tricky with no gravity holding me down.
After a whole day of being an astronaut， gravity got me
again. The minute I lifted my heavy step， I had already missed
being in the simulator floating around. Even though there were
some inconveniences in space， my dream was never more
inspired!
【活学活用】
假定你是李华，上个月你校组织学生观看了来自中国空间站宇
航员的一堂直播科普课(live science lecture)。英语老师要求你们就
此事写一篇日志，内容包括:
1.活动时间、地点及参与人员;
2.活动内容;
3.活动反响。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
One possible version:
Last month, a live science lecture given by Chinese
astronauts from the space station was presented in our lecture
hall.
All the students from Grade One attended the lecture,
watched the astronauts' living and working conditions and
gained insight into their magical daily life and challenging
routine missions. What's more, those lucky ones even interacted
with the astronauts through the video call.
It was fascinating to learn about the challenges and rewards of
space exploration and the important research being conducted
in microgravity.
The lecture won great popularity with the students, keeping
their thirst for space knowledge alive and fuelling their
enthusiasm for science as well.
练 习 册
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
The first-ever fine for space junk was issued in early
October in a case of off-planet environmental enforcement
(执法). The television company, Dish Network, was hit with a
$125,000 fine by the United States government for failing to
remove a satellite in orbit that would have risked a collision
with other space equipment, which would be a safety concern
that will only grow with time as off-planet activities increase.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
According to NASA, debris (碎片) orbiting in space can
travel up to 15 kilometres per second, which is nearly 10 times
faster than the speed of a bullet. A huge amount of damage
can be caused by something just a few centimetres in size,
meaning that every effort must be taken to keep space as clear
as possible. Collisions that take place in space have an effect
back on Earth. Damaged satellites impact our ability to use the
Internet and navigation, leaving increasingly global critical
infrastructure in an unstable state.
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One solution to this may be to send autonomous space
vehicles into orbit, which can then catch and effectively de-orbit
space junk. By utilizing tools such as robotic arms, or nets, this
approach will require very precise tracks and fine cooperation in
order to be successful. Such measures are yet to catch up with
the increase in space activity and pollution currently occurring.
Therefore, fines and regulatory enforcement may presently be
the only realistic method to hold organizations accountable.
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3
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The Dish Network satellite, fined $125,000 by the Federal
Communications Commission, failed to de-orbit as a lack of fuel
stopped the satellite from fully decommissioning (退役) a safe
distance from Earth, falling short by around 75 miles
(120 kilometres). It is hoped that significant fines like these will
serve as a warning for companies, forcing them to make sure of
the safe decommissioning of their space operations.
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【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了10月初，在一起地球外
环境执法案件中，首次对造成太空垃圾的主体处以罚款，文章还介
绍了太空垃圾的危害以及处理方式。
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( ) 1.Why was Dish Network fined
A.It left space junk in orbit.
B.It increased off-planet activities.
C.It made collisions among space equipment.
D.It sent too much space equipment to space.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The television company, Dish
Network, was hit with a $125,000 fine by the United States
government for failing to remove a satellite in orbit that would
have risked a collision with other space equipment…”可知，Dish
Network被罚款是因为未能移除轨道上的卫星，即把太空垃圾留在了
轨道上。故选A。
√
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( ) 2.Why is it necessary to keep space clean
A.Space junk may turn into bullets.
B.Debris is too tiny to track.
C.Debris may cause great damage in space.
D.A bad space environment will destroy the Earth.
√
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A huge amount of damage
can be caused by something just a few centimetres in size,
meaning that every effort must be taken to keep space as clear
as possible. Collisions that take place in space have an effect
back on Earth. Damaged satellites impact our ability to use the
Internet and navigation, leaving increasingly global critical
infrastructure in an unstable state.”可知，碎片在太空可能会造成
巨大破坏，因此要保持太空干净。故选C。
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( ) 3.What is the third paragraph mainly about
A.The harm of space junk.
B.Ways to remove space junk.
C.Types of autonomous space vehicles.
D.Approaches to stopping satellites.
√
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[解析] 段落大意题。根据本段首句“One solution to this may be
to send autonomous space vehicles into orbit, which can then
catch and effectively de-orbit space junk.”和最后一句“Therefore,
fines and regulatory enforcement may presently be the only
realistic method to hold organizations accountable.”可知，本段主
要介绍了清理太空垃圾的办法。故选B。
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( ) 4.What's the author's attitude towards the fines
A.Unconcerned. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Approving.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段“Therefore, fines and regulatory
enforcement may presently be the only realistic method to hold
organizations accountable.”和最后一段中“It is hoped that
significant fines like these will serve as a warning for companies,
forcing them to make sure of the safe decommissioning of their
space operations.”推知，作者对罚款这种措施持支持态度。故选D。
√
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B[2024·辽宁沈阳郊联体高二期末]
Double rainbows are one thing, but a double aurora (极光)
They can happen, though some kinds are rare. One particular
red-and-green aurora is especially confusing. Now, images taken
by amateur astronomers may help reveal its secrets.
Citizen scientists living in Canada and Finland used cameras
to document an unusual combination of auroras in the night
sky. Physicists have studied those images to learn what may
have caused the unusual light show.
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Alan Dyer was outside his home in Strathmore, Canada,
when the dancing Northern Lights caught his attention. He
grabbed his camera and started filming. “I knew I had
something interesting,” says Dyer. At first glance, the double
aurora looks like a floating slice of watermelon. The green
aurora is well-understood. The red strip is more mysterious.
Scientists have known about these red auroras for decades. But
there's no agreement on how they form. One idea is that
Earth's magnetic field can heat up certain areas of the
atmosphere. That heat could knock particles around, like in
proton (质子) rain.
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Researchers had seen these two types of auroras occur
together before. But it was always mysterious, says Toshi
Nishimura, a space physicist at Boston University. After looking
at satellite observations along with the images taken by Dyer
and others, Nishimura and his team concluded how the two
phenomena might be related. The key is the thin rays in the
red aurora. They mark the paths of electrons falling through the
Earth's magnetic field. That means electron rain appears to
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cause the red aurora, just as proton rain causes the green one.
Both get powered by the solar wind. But the electrons carry
less energy than the protons, so they make for a more reddish
colour.
Electron rain might not be the only way to produce the
stable red auroras, though. The results show that what's going
on is more complicated than researchers had thought. The
auroras Dyer saw could be danger zones for radio
communication and GPS systems, says Nishimura.
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3
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The citizen scientists who took the photos were a critical
part of the new findings, Nishimura says.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了双重极光的现象，
特别是红色和绿色极光的形成原因，以及公民科学家拍摄的图片帮
助揭示其中的奥秘。
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( ) 5.Where is the text probably taken from
A.A news report on astronomical discoveries.
B.A blog about sky phenomena.
C.A review of aurora research.
D.A brochure of aurora tours.
√
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7
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[解析] 推理判断题。第一段“Double rainbows are one thing, but
a double aurora(极光) They can happen, though some kinds
are rare. One particular red-and-green aurora is especially
confusing. Now, images taken by amateur astronomers may help
reveal its secrets.”主要介绍了双重极光的现象，特别是红色和绿色
极光的形成原因，以及天文爱好者拍摄的图片可能可以帮助揭示其
中的奥秘。所以这是一篇关于天文发现的新闻报道。故选A。
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( ) 6.What can be inferred about red auroras
A.They are fully understood by scientists.
B.They were first spotted by Alan Dyer.
C.They are related to Earth's magnetic field.
D.They are generated from proton rain.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“One idea is that Earth's
magnetic field can heat up certain areas of the atmosphere.”可
推知，红色极光与地球的磁场有关。故选C。
√
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( ) 7.What may affect the colour of the aurora
A.The path it travels along. B.The energy particles carry.
C.The wavelength of rays. D.The source of solar wind.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But the electrons carry less
energy than the protons, so they make for a more reddish
colour.”可知，粒子携带的能量影响极光的颜色。故选B。
√
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( ) 8.What does the author indicate by mentioning Alan
Dyer's example
A.Photography drives scientific research.
B.The double aurora is a threat to GPS systems.
C.Satellite observations lead to aurora discoveries.
D.Citizen scientists help explain the double aurora.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The citizen scientists who
took the photos were a critical part of the new findings,
Nishimura says.”可推知，作者提到艾伦·戴尔的例子是想说明公民科
学家通过拍摄图片帮助解释双重极光。故选D。
√
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Ⅱ 写作
第一节 应用文写作
假定你是某国际学校的学生李华,下周学校将组织为期三天的研
学旅行,你发现行程(itinerary)较为宽松,决定写一封邮件给学校,内容包
括:
1.建议增加参观当地航天博物馆;
2.至少陈述两个理由。
注意:词数80个左右。
Dear Mr Zhao,
I am a student from Class 1.__________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Mr Zhao,
I am a student from Class 1. After carefully reviewing the
itinerary, I believe it would be beneficial to us to include a
visit to the local Aerospace Museum.
Firstly, a trip to the Aerospace Museum would afford us the
invaluable opportunity to explore the rich history and evolution
of the aerospace industry, allowing us to gain insights into
the technological advancements that have shaped our
understanding of flight and space exploration. Secondly, the
museum is renowned for its impressive displays, which include
a variety of crafted models, detailed replicas, and interactive
exhibits that bring the wonders of space to life.
I sincerely hope you will consider my suggestion and make
necessary adjustments to the itinerary to include this enriching
experience. Thank you for your attention to this matter, and I
eagerly await your positive response.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写
[2024·四川成都蓉城联盟高二期末]
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之
构成一篇完整的短文。
A writing assignment
Mrs Peabody, the English teacher, gave the class a writing
assignment. “Write something in some way related to the
summer vacation,” she said. “Be as creative as you can. But,”
the teacher added, “make sure you use proper spelling and
grammar.”
That night Jim sat at his desk at home and stared at a
blank sheet of paper. He didn't want to write about his summer
vacation as usual. What could he write about, except a dog, a
water park and two weeks of camp Boring…He'd actually been
happy to get back to school.
So he wrote what he wanted. Not an essay at all but a
short story, science fiction. It was about a distant planet that
didn't have summer—it was spring all the time. And it didn't
have vacations either. The aliens on the planet worked 24 hours
a day. They wished they had vacations.
The next morning he handed in the story, but later that
night he lay awake until 3 am, thinking, “Why did I do that
Will Mrs Peabody think I ignored the assignment ” English was
his favourite class. Maybe he would beg Mrs Peabody for a
chance to write another one, the sort she wanted.
But when he got to class the following day, it turned out
that Mrs Peabody had already read and graded the essays.
The teacher said, “I'm going to pass back your summer
vacation writings in a minute. I'm afraid I've got some rather
harsh words to say. Almost everyone in class simply wrote an
essay about his or her summer vacation…Almost everyone.”
“This is bad,” Jim thought. “I'm getting an F. I know it.”
“But,” the teacher continued, “one of you had the courage
to be as imaginative as I asked you to be. Jim Martin was the
only one who got an A on the assignment.”
Jim couldn't believe his ears.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
When Mrs Peabody invited Jim to share some thoughts on
his writing, other students were all looking at him expectantly.
_______________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Mrs Peabody thought it was time to explain Jim's
grade._________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了英语老师布置与
暑假相关的写作任务，吉姆没有按常规写暑假经历，而是创作了关
于没有暑假的外星球的科幻故事，最后他获得了老师给出的A等成绩。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当皮博迪夫人邀请吉姆分享他写作的一些想法
时，其他学生都满怀期待地看着他。”可知，第一段可描写吉姆分享
自己的写作思路和想法。
②由第二段首句内容“皮博迪夫人认为是时候解释吉姆的成绩了。”可
知，第二段可描写老师解释给吉姆A等成绩的原因。
2.续写线索：吉姆分享写作思路—皮博迪夫人解释成绩—同学们的反
应—吉姆的感受
One possible version:
When Mrs Peabody invited Jim to share some thoughts on
his writing, other students were all looking at him expectantly.
Jim, feeling both surprised and nervous(现在分词作状语),
slowly made his way to the front of the classroom. Clearing his
throat(现在分词作状语), he began, “Well, I guess I just wanted
to write something different. You know, everyone else would
write about their beach trips or family vacations, and I thought,
‘Why not create a whole new world ’”
He paused and then continued, “On this planet, they don't
have summer or vacations, and I kind of felt sorry for the aliens
there. It made me appreciate (make+宾语+宾补) our summers
even more.”
Mrs Peabody thought it was time to explain Jim's grade.
She stood up and addressed the class. “Class, Jim stretched his
imagination and took a risk. That's precisely what I was hoping
for(表语从句). Creativity and originality are qualities that are
often overlooked (定语从句) in favour of obedience.
His work reminded us all that writing is not just about
meeting expectations—it's about exploring the boundaries of
your imagination(宾语从句). That's why Jim earned an A
(表语从句).” The class erupted into applause, and Jim, standing
tall (现在分词作状语), felt a wave of pride and a kind of
newfound confidence in his own creativity.
