仁爱英语 八年级上册 Unit 2 The World of Art 重点知识及练习
一、单词默写
序号 释义 英文 序号 释义 英文
1 精神;心灵;情绪(n.) 2 作品;工作(n.);工作(v.)
3 古代的;古老的(adj.) 4 正确的(adj.);批改;纠正(v.)
5 遗憾;可惜(n.);怜悯(v.) 6 属于(v.)
7 例子;榜样(n.) 8 沟通;交流(v.)
9 放松(v.) 10 害怕的(adj.)
11 媒介;媒体(n.);中等的(adj.) 12 表达;表示(v.)
13 严格的(adj.) 14 流行的;受欢迎的(adj.)
15 每日的;日常的(adj.);日报(n.) 16 价值(n.);重视(v.)
17 在……上方;超过(prep.);结束(adv.) 18 创造;创建(v.)
19 不可能的(adj.) 20 糟糕的;极讨厌的(adj.)
21 形状(n.) 22 象征;标志(n.)
23 特别的;特殊的(adj.);特色菜(n.) 24 操作;运转;动手术(v.)
25 电子的(adj.) 26 优秀的;极好的(adj.)
二、单词变形默写
序号 原词 词性 变形词 词性 释义
1 spirit n. —— 精神;心灵
2 work n./v. works 作品(n.,复数)
3 correct adj./v. correctly 正确地(adv.)
4 communicate v. communication 沟通;交流(n.)
5 relax v. relaxed (感到)放松的(adj.,修饰人)
5 relax v. relaxing (令人)放松的(adj.,修饰物)
6 express v. expression 表达;表情(n.)
7 popular adj. popularity 流行;受欢迎(n.)
8 daily adj./n. —— 每日的;日报
9 value n./v. valuable 有价值的(adj.)
10 create v. creation 创造;作品(n.)
10 create v. creative 有创造力的(adj.)
11 possible adj. impossible 不可能的(adj.)
12 special adj./n. specially 专门地;特意(adv.)
13 operate v. operation 手术;操作(n.)
14 excellent adj. excellently 优秀地;极好地(adv.)
三、短语默写
序号 中文 英文 序号 中文 英文
1 为……而奋斗;为……而战 2 属于
3 例如 4 树立榜样
5 与某人沟通/交流 6 心连心
7 放松自己 8 害怕做某事
9 表达……;表示…… 10 看见某人正在做某事
11 做某事有困难 12 对某人要求严格
13 对某事要求严格 14 一次又一次地;反复地
15 独自 16 在某人几十多岁时
17 受……欢迎 18 日常生活
19 ……的价值 20 在河面上
21 满是……的;充满……的 22 进展顺利
23 剪下;停止 24 呈……形状
25 上下颠倒;混乱 26 ……的象征
27 爱上(某人或某物) 28 立即;马上
29 发挥……的作用;参与到…… 30 以某人自己的方式
四、默写答案
(一)单词答案
序号 英文 序号 英文
1 spirit 2 work
3 ancient 4 correct
5 pity 6 belong
7 example 8 communicate
9 relax 10 afraid
11 medium 12 express
13 strict 14 popular
15 daily 16 value
17 over 18 create
19 impossible 20 awful
21 shape 22 symbol
23 special 24 operate
25 electronic 26 excellent
(二)单词变形答案
序号 原词 词性 变形词 词性 释义
1 spirit n. —— n. 精神;心灵
2 work n./v. works n. 作品(复数)
3 correct adj./v. correctly adv. 正确地
4 communicate v. communication n. 沟通;交流
5 relax v. relaxed adj. (感到)放松的(修饰人)
5 relax v. relaxing adj. (令人)放松的(修饰物)
6 express v. expression n. 表达;表情
7 popular adj. popularity n. 流行;受欢迎
8 daily adj./n. —— adj./n. 每日的;日报
9 value n./v. valuable adj. 有价值的
10 create v. creation n. 创造;作品
10 create v. creative adj. 有创造力的
11 possible adj. impossible adj. 不可能的
12 special adj./n. specially adv. 专门地;特意
13 operate v. operation n. 手术;操作
14 excellent adj. excellently adv. 优秀地;极好地
(三)短语答案
序号 中文 英文 序号 中文 英文
1 为……而奋斗;为……而战 fight for 2 属于 belong to
3 例如 for example 4 树立榜样 set an example
5 与某人沟通/交流 communicate with sb. 6 心连心 heart to heart
7 放松自己 relax oneself 8 害怕做某事 be afraid to do sth./be afraid of (doing) sth.
9 表达……;表示…… express sth. (to sb.) 10 看见某人正在做某事 watch sb. doing sth.
11 做某事有困难 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 12 对某人要求严格 be strict with sb.
13 对某事要求严格 be strict about sth. 14 一次又一次地;反复地 again and again/over and over (again)
15 独自 by oneself 16 在某人几十多岁时 in one's + 年龄复数
17 受……欢迎 be popular with/among 18 日常生活 daily/everyday life
19 ……的价值 the value of 20 在河面上 on the river
21 满是……的;充满……的 be full of/be filled with 22 进展顺利 go well
23 剪下;停止 cut out 24 呈……形状 in the shape of
25 上下颠倒;混乱 upside down 26 ……的象征 a symbol of
27 爱上(某人或某物) fall in love with 28 立即;马上 immediately/at once/right away
29 发挥……的作用;参与到…… play a part/role in 30 以某人自己的方式 in one's own way
五、知识点详细讲解
(一)重点词汇用法
spirit
含义:名词,意为“精神;心灵;情绪”,常用搭配聚焦“精神品质”或“情绪状态”。
核心搭配:
the spirit of...(……的精神),如“We should learn the spirit of hard work.(我们应该学习勤奋的精神。)”;
in high spirits(情绪高涨),如“The children were in high spirits after winning the game.(孩子们赢了比赛后情绪高涨。)”;
team spirit(团队精神),如“Team spirit is important for group projects.(团队精神对小组项目很重要。)”。
work
含义:名词,意为“作品(可数,复数works);工作(不可数)”;动词,意为“工作;劳动”。
用法示例:
作品(可数):This book is one of Lu Xun's famous works.(这本书是鲁迅的著名作品之一。);
工作(不可数):He has a lot of work to do today.(他今天有很多工作要做。);
动词:My mother works in a hospital.(我妈妈在一家医院工作。)。
communicate
含义:动词,意为“沟通;交流”,不及物动词,后接“with sb.”表“与某人沟通”,名词形式“communication(沟通;交流)”。
常用搭配:
communicate with sb.(与某人沟通),如“Teenagers should communicate with their parents more.(青少年应该多和父母沟通。)”;
communication用法:We need better communication between teachers and students.(我们需要师生间更好的沟通。)。
relax
含义:动词,意为“放松;休息”,形容词形式“relaxed(感到放松的,修饰人)”和“relaxing(令人放松的,修饰物)”。
常用搭配:
relax oneself(放松自己),如“She relaxes herself by listening to music.(她通过听音乐放松自己。)”;
relaxed用法:He felt relaxed after the exam.(考试后他感到很放松。);
relaxing用法:This is a relaxing movie.(这是一部令人放松的电影。)。
strict
含义:形容词,意为“严格的;严厉的”,常与“with(对人)”或“about(对事)”搭配。
常用搭配:
be strict with sb.(对某人要求严格),如“My teacher is strict with us.(我的老师对我们要求严格。)”;
be strict about sth.(对某事要求严格),如“He is strict about his work.(他对工作要求严格。)”。
(二)核心短语解析
belong to
含义:意为“属于”,to是介词,后接名词或宾格代词,主语为“物”,无被动语态,也不用于进行时。
用法示例:This bike belongs to Tom.(这辆自行车属于汤姆。)= This bike is Tom's.(这辆自行车是汤姆的。);
注意:不可接名词性物主代词或名词所有格,如“The book belongs to me.(√)”“The book belongs to mine.(×)”。
have difficulty (in) doing sth.
含义:意为“做某事有困难”,“in”可省略,同义短语“have trouble/problems (in) doing sth.”。
用法示例:She has difficulty (in) speaking English.(她讲英语有困难。);I have no difficulty (in) finishing this task.(我完成这项任务没有困难。)。
be full of / be filled with
含义:均意为“充满……的;装满……的”,可互换使用,“be filled with”是被动结构,“be full of”是主动结构。
用法示例:The room is full of books.(房间里装满了书。)= The room is filled with books.(房间里装满了书。);Her eyes are full of tears.(她的眼里满是泪水。)。
a symbol of
含义:意为“……的象征”,强调“某物代表抽象概念或意义”,区别于“a sign of(……的迹象)”。
用法示例:The dove is a symbol of peace.(鸽子是和平的象征。);The Great Wall is a symbol of Chinese culture.(长城是中国文化的象征。);
辨析“a sign of”:Dark clouds are a sign of rain.(乌云是下雨的迹象。)(表“迹象”,非“象征”)。
fall in love with
含义:意为“爱上(某人或某物)”,强调“产生强烈的喜爱之情”,不可用于被动语态。
用法示例:He fell in love with painting when he was young.(他年轻时就爱上了绘画。);They fell in love with each other at first sight.(他们一见钟情。)。
(三)关键句型讲解
It's a pity that...
含义:意为“遗憾的是……”,it是形式主语,真正主语是that从句,口语中可简化为“What a pity!(真遗憾!)”。
用法示例:It's a pity that you can't come to the party.(遗憾的是你不能来参加派对。);What a pity! You missed the great show.(真遗憾!你错过了那场精彩的演出。)。
watch sb. doing sth. 与 watch sb. do sth.
区别:
watch sb. doing sth.:看见某人“正在做某事”,强调动作进行中,如“I watched her dancing in the room.(我看见她正在房间里跳舞。)”;
watch sb. do sth.:看见某人“做某事(全过程)”或“经常做某事”,如“I often watch him play basketball.(我经常看见他打篮球。)”。
in one's + 年龄复数
含义:意为“在某人几十多岁时”,表“年龄段”,若表“某个年代”需加“the”。
用法示例:He started his business in his thirties.(他在三十多岁时创业。);The song was popular in the 1980s.(这首歌在20世纪80年代很流行。)。
be strict with sb. / be strict about sth.
区别:
be strict with sb.:对“人”要求严格,如“Parents are strict with their children.(父母对孩子要求严格。)”;
be strict about sth.:对“事/物”要求严格,如“Teachers are strict about students' homework.(老师对学生的作业要求严格。)”。
六、易错点辨析
(一)on, over 与 above
类别 含义 是否接触 垂直关系 例句
on 在……上面 有接触 不一定垂直 The book is on the desk.(书在桌子上。)
over 在……正上方;超过 无接触 垂直 There is a bridge over the river.(河上有一座桥。)
above 在……上方 无接触 不垂直 A bird flew above the roof.(一只鸟从屋顶上方飞过。)
(二)create, invent 与 discover
类别 含义 对象 例句
create 创造;创建 原本没有的“事物/精神产物”(如作品、环境) She created a beautiful painting.(她创作了一幅漂亮的画。)
invent 发明 原本没有的“实物/工具”(如机器、技术) Edison invented the light bulb.(爱迪生发明了电灯泡。)
discover 发现 原本存在但未被知晓的“事物”(如地点、规律) Columbus discovered America.(哥伦布发现了美洲。)
(三)relaxed 与 relaxing
类别 修饰对象 含义 例句
relaxed 人 (感到)放松的 She looks relaxed after the trip.(旅行后她看起来很放松。)
relaxing 物 (令人)放松的 This music is relaxing.(这首音乐很令人放松。)
七、配套基础习题
(一)单项选择
The Great Wall is a ______ of Chinese civilization.
A. sign B. symbol C. mark D. signal
My parents are strict ______ me and strict ______ my study.
A. with; about B. about; with C. with; with D. about; about
We had difficulty ______ the difficult math problem.
A. solve B. solving C. to solve D. solved
This storybook is so ______ that all the kids love it.
A. relaxed B. relaxing C. relax D. relaxes
The toy car ______ my little brother. He plays with it every day.
A. belongs to B. according to C. thanks to D. refers to
(二)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
We should learn the ______(spirit)of never giving up.
This is one of the greatest ______(work)by the famous painter.
She is good at ______(communicate)with different people.
After a long walk, they felt ______(relax)and sat down to rest.
It's ______(possible)to finish the work in such a short time.
The teacher is ______(strict)with us than before.
This song is very popular ______(among)young people.
He ______(create)a new design for the fashion show last week.
(三)按要求完成句子(每空一词)
Tom belongs to this football club.(改为同义句)
This football club ______ ______ Tom.
She watched her son play the piano.(改为“看见正在做”)
She watched her son ______ ______ piano.
The room is full of books.(用be filled with改写)
The room ______ ______ ______ books.
He started to learn English in his fifties.(对画线部分提问)
______ ______ he ______ to learn English
It's a pity that you can't come.(改为口语简化形式)
______ ______ ______! You can't come.
八、习题答案
(一)单项选择
B(“a symbol of”表“……的象征”,符合“长城是中华文明象征”的语境;sign迹象,mark标记,signal信号,故选B)
A(“be strict with sb.”表“对某人严格”,“be strict about sth.”表“对某事严格”,故选A)
B(“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”是固定搭配,“in”可省略,用solving,故选B)
B(“relaxing”表“令人放松的”,修饰物“storybook”;relaxed修饰人,relax是动词,故选B)
A(“belongs to”表“属于”,符合“玩具车属于弟弟”的语境;according to根据,thanks to多亏,refers to指的是,故选A)
(二)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
spirit(“the spirit of...”表“……的精神”,用单数)
works(“work”表“作品”时是可数名词,“one of + 复数名词”,用works)
communicating(“be good at”后接动名词,用communicating)
relaxed(“relaxed”表“感到放松的”,修饰人“they”)
impossible(“such a short time”提示“不可能完成”,用impossible)
stricter(“than”提示用比较级,strict的比较级为stricter)
among(“be popular among”表“受……欢迎”,固定搭配)
created(“last week”表过去,create的过去式为created)
(三)按要求完成句子
is;Tom's(“belong to”的同义表达“be + 名词所有格”,表“属于”)
playing;the(“watch sb. doing sth.”表“看见某人正在做某事”,乐器前加the)
is;filled;with(“be full of”=“be filled with”,表“充满”)
When;did;start(对“时间”提问用when,过去时借助did,后接动词原形start)
What;a;pity(“It's a pity that...”的口语简化形式“What a pity!”)
九、话题写作
假设你是李华,你校将举办“校园艺术节”,请你根据“艺术世界”主题,写一篇倡议信,鼓励同学们积极参与,词数80词左右,开头和结尾已给出(不计入词数)。
提示:1. 艺术的意义(放松心情、表达自我);2. 艺术节活动(绘画、歌唱、戏剧等);3. 鼓励参与,感受艺术魅力。
范文
Dear classmates,
Our school will hold a Campus Art Festival next month. I hope everyone can take part in it.
Art is important in our life—it helps us relax and express our feelings. There will be many activities, like painting shows, singing competitions and drama performances. You can show your talents and make new friends.
Come and join us! Let's enjoy the beauty of art together.
Yours,
Li Hua
核心语块
短语:Campus Art Festival(校园艺术节)、take part in(参与)、express feelings(表达情感)、singing competitions(歌唱比赛)、drama performances(戏剧表演)
句型:Art is important in our life—it helps us...(阐述艺术意义,用破折号补充说明);Come and join us!(发出倡议,语气积极)