单元素养测评卷(二)
1—5 BCBAA 6—10 ACACB 11—15 CCBBA 16—20 BACAC
21—25 BDBBA 26—30 ADCDA 31—35 ABCCD 36—40 BAFDG
41—45 CBABD 46—50 CBBAD 51—55 CDBAA
第一部分
录音稿
Text 1
M: I thought you planned to practise the violin today, Linda.
W: Well, I did nothing but send e-mails all day.
Text 2
M: We really must go to the town to buy that medicine right now.
W: I think that’s OK after we have breakfast.
Text 3
M: Susan, when do you leave home for work
W: I usually leave home at 7:30.
M: But it’s already 7:50. Won’t you be late
W: Oh, no. My watch is 30 minutes slow.
Text 4
W: It’s a lovely day today. What about going to the park this afternoon
M: I’d like to, but I’ve got some friends coming over and they’ll stay for dinner. I’m afraid it’ll be a busy afternoon for me.
Text 5
M: Oh God. Is the weather always unpleasant in London
W: Well, people here are accustomed to the rainy days. Well, don’t worry. The wind will stop and the sky will clear up tomorrow.
Text 6
M: You are busy now, Kate. Once you finish, I’d like to have a talk with you.
W: All e in, please.
M: Oh, no, I don’t want to trouble you. I can wait. I’ll come back later.
W: I’m afraid it’s going to be a long wait! I’m working on my English paper.
M: English paper I thought you’d finished it. Didn’t you turn it in on Friday
W: But the professor just returned it to me. I was told to add five more pages.
M: Five more pages That’s quite a lot. How are you going to do it
W: That’s what I am trying to find out. Now what can I do for you
Text 7
W: Good evening, Jordan! Welcome to our TV programme. We know you are a great travel photographer. So where have you been recently
M: I’ve spent the last few years in Asia. I’m looking forward to heading to some new places.
W: So which is your favourite country
M: China, of course. I went through the deserts, the jungles and the rivers. What impressed me most were the mountains. China really has them all.
W: Is there a city you consider your second home
M: Yeah. Many people may decide on Beijing, Shanghai or Shenzhen, but I choose Chongqing. It’s great to go back and visit every now and then when we are travelling in China.
W: I see. Some people want to give up their jobs to travel around the world. What’s your advice
M: Do it, but have a backup in case things don’t work out.
Text 8
W: How are you enjoying college, Dennis
M: It’s great. I’m settling in well.
W: What’s your room like
M: Oh, it’s a good one. I have a nice view over the campus and my roommate is OK.
W: Oh, you have a roommate What’s his name
M: Faisal. He’s from Indonesia. He’s only here until the end of term.
W: Is he OK to live with
M: Yes, he has a good sense of humour and we both like the same kinds of music. He’s a bit untidy though, which makes me annoyed.
W: Well, at least you only have to put up with that for a few months.
M: Oh no, he’s fine. He’s a good friend. We’ve been going to movies and cafes together and we’re going to a concert tonight.
W: How is your college work going
M: Very well. I go for a run when I wake up before breakfast, and then I read all morning. My lectures are in the afternoons.
W: Sounds like you are well organized.
M: I am.
Text 9
W: Oh, Mike! I didn’t know you had any interest in painting.
M: I don’t know much about it at all, so I thought it would be a good idea to take this course.
W: Did you go to the art show last night
M: No, there was lots of work in the lab. The show is open for one more day, so I’m going to see it tonight with my sister. What do you think of it
W: I love it. Desiree’s paintings will catch your eyes as soon as you see them and then your eyes lock on them.
M: I can’t wait to see them myself. And did you say the painter’s name was Desiree
W: Yes, but she only uses that name when she paints. Her real name is Lucy Green. But don’t you think Desiree really sounds more exciting
M: It sure does. Oh, it looks like Mr Brown is here. I’ll talk to you after class.
Text 10
W: Today we are visiting Woodhill Shelter—the most unusual animal shelter in Britain. It does not house wild animals rescued from zoos or sea creatures from ocean parks. What it does have is a lot of lucky and happy cows, pigs, goats, sheep and chickens rescued from becoming your lunch by animal rights groups.
The shelter was set up by Jill and Ben Smith. Neither of them eats animal products, but lives instead on a plant-based diet. They say it is a kinder and better way to live. The shelter wasn’t much visited until three years after it was built, and now it has large numbers of followers.
All the farm workers are volunteers without pay, but get free lunch and coffee in return for their work. If you want more information about the farm, you can phone 6978325. And if you want to become a volunteer, you must visit the website and fill in the online form. Posts are not accepted because letters are easy to lose.
第二部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文,主要讲的是在遇到自然灾害时应该如何挽救自己的生命。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Flood部分“Once you hear the evacuation warning, leave for safer and higher grounds with your important papers in a waterproof container. ”可知,当被困在洪水中时,你一旦听到疏散警告,你要立刻转移到更安全的高地。故选B。
22.D 细节理解题。根据Wildfire部分的“Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river.”可知,遇到野火时你需要逆风跑。故选D。
23.B 细节理解题。根据Typhoon部分的“Typhoons occur in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, particularly in exposed regions like the Caroline Islands, the Philippines and Japan.”可知,A选项与原文信息不符,台风不是仅仅发生在太平洋西北部;根据Flood部分的“Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster and change the landscape dramatically.” 可知,在上述灾害中,洪水比其他自然灾害发生得更频繁,并极大地改变了地貌,B项与原文信息相符。根据Avalanche部分的“Wait for the rescue team to find you and don’t waste your energy shouting or digging frantically. ”可知,你在遇到雪崩时不要浪费精力大喊,而是要等待救援,C项与原文信息不符。根据Wildfire部分的“Stay low and cover yourself with wet clothing, a blanket or soil until the fire passes.”可知,在遇到野火时,最重要的是保证能够呼吸,保证自身的生命安全,没有提到一定得获得干净的空气。因此D项与原文信息不符,故是错误选项。故选B。
B
【文章大意】 本文为一篇记叙文,讲述了一次特殊的女性船员的航海之旅,尽管没有如预期那样到达目的地,她们却不失望,认为收获颇丰。
24.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For the past three years, the Sea Cadet teenagers who set sail were all males. Roger Noakes, who captained(担任船长) the boat, said this was the first time he’d taken out an all-female crew.”可知,今年的航海之旅的特殊之处是它是首次全女性船员航海旅行。故选B项。
25.A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“‘The first night was difficult because the wind was really hard. The waves were going up and down,’ said Abby Fairchild, 16. ‘Everybody got seasick.’”可知,在旅行的第一天,她们都晕船了。故选A项。
26.A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Noakes gave the girls the choice of just sailing in the bay and not going into open water. But they decided they were going.”及第四段“The teenagers then sailed a long way overnight and slept in shifts.‘We’ve learned everything from controlling the boat to putting up the sails while we have rough seas,’ said 15-year-old Olivia Wilcox.”可知,这些年轻的船员意志力顽强,且有较强的团队合作意识。故选A项。
27.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“‘They learned about boating, and above all, they built confidence and character,’ said Noakes.”可知,船员们从这次航行中得到的最大的好处是她们培养了好的性格。故选D项。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家经过研究发现动物也有笑的能力,尤其是在和同伴玩耍的过程中,通过笑表达自己的情绪,文章还进一步分析了动物的笑和人类的笑的异同。
28.C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“To find out whether other animals laugh while they are playing, Winkler teamed up with another scientist named Greg Bryant. Together, they found and read dozens of reports written by scientists who studied animals.”可知,Winkler和Bryant收集和阅读报告是为了研究动物在玩耍时的笑声。故选C。
29.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“The study suggests that many animals laugh so that their play partner knows they are having fun. This is important because animal play can sometimes look like fighting. Laughter becomes a way for animals to prevent aggressive or harmful behaviour when interacting with others. Some animals also make a ‘play face’, giving an expression like a smile to show that they are happy and not angry.”可知,动物在玩得高兴时会笑是为了让玩耍以一种友好的方式进行下去。故选D。
30.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“One big difference between human laughter and animal laughter is that humans laugh much more loudly. Most sounds animals make during play are very quiet so they can only be heard by the animal they are playing with. But for humans, loud laughter is a sign that we’re part of a group.”可知,动物笑声的特殊之处是大部分都是安静的笑声。故选A。
31.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But for humans, loud laughter is a sign that we’re part of a group. ‘It’s really fascinating that so many animals have a similar function of vocalization(发声)during play,’ said Winkler. ‘But we do have these unique parts of human laughter that are also an important area for future study.’”可知,未来关于人类笑声的研究的主要问题可能是它的功能。故选A。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了联合国气候峰会COP28卓有成效,198个缔约方一致同意“以公正有序的方式”改变对化石燃料的依赖,而中美两国在峰会前达成的协议为此奠定了基础。文章同时指出,全球协议只是迈出的一小步,如何在现实中行动是更大的挑战,富裕国家可以通过调整化石燃料的价格,给清洁技术发放补助实现该目标,但是发展中国家需要援助,否则很难开始终结化石燃料的时代。
32.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“As activists and leaders first gathered in Dubai for COP28, the UN’s climate summit (峰会), a week ago, the chances of significant progress seemed small.”和第二段的“Instead, COP28 proved productive.”可知,原本人们认为这次大会进展甚微。故选B项。
33.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中“For the first time the world has agreed to move away from the coal, oil and natural gas that are the major causes of global warming. The 198 parties to the UN Framework Convention (框架协定) on Climate Change agreed on a text that called for a change away from fossil fuels (化石燃料) ‘in a just and orderly way’.”可知,大家一致同意减少对化石燃料的依赖,以解决全球变暖问题。由此推知,这展示了大家对绿色世界的共同愿望。故选C项。
34.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“That is, the government can charge the companies using fossil fuels and reward those using clean technologies.”可知,政府会奖励使用清洁技术的公司,因此是会对清洁技术给予补贴或资助,画线词的意思应该与funds“资金”相近。故选C项。
35.D 主旨大意题。通读全文,并根据第二段“For the first time the world has agreed to move away from the coal, oil and natural gas that are the major causes of global warming. The 198 parties to the UN Framework Convention (框架协定) on Climate Change agreed on a text that called for a change away from fossil fuels (化石燃料) ‘in a just and orderly way’.”可知,文章主要围绕联合国气候峰会COP28展开,报道了该会议卓有成效,198个缔约方一致同意“以公正有序的方式”改变对化石燃料的依赖,而中美两国在峰会前达成的协议为此奠定了基础。文章同时指出,全球协议只是迈出的一小步,如何在现实中行动是更大的挑战,富裕国家可以通过调整化石燃料的价格,给清洁技术发放补助实现该目标,但是发展中国家需要援助,否则很难开始终结化石燃料的时代。因此,D项“世界各国就减少化石燃料达成协议。”契合文章主旨。故选D项。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了掉进结冰的湖里应采取的自救措施。
36.B 上文“It can be truly frightening to fall through ice on a frozen(结冰的)lake.”讲述掉到结冰的湖里真的很可怕;下文“In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.”提到了其实自救的时间比想象得多。选项B(然而,如果你保持冷静,它可以拯救你的生命。)引出下文,阐述了保持镇静后,会有比想象中多的时间来帮助获救。故选B项。
37.A 上文“Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around.”提到了控制呼吸和不要四处动;下文“This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, and ten minutes to move before you get too cold.”提到了一分钟控制呼吸,十分钟移动。选项A(记住“1-10-1规则”会有帮助。)承接上文,同时引出下文对于这个规则的具体解释。故选A项。
38.F 上文“Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can find the thickest area of ice. When you find the ice, spread out your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick(上下打水) until your body reaches the same level of the surface.”讲述的是在掉进结冰的湖里后用自己的肢体自救的方法;选项F(用力打水,用你的手臂和双手爬出水面。)承接上文所述内容,即当你的身体到达冰面的同一高度时用力打水,用手臂和双手爬出水面。故选F项。
39.D 上文“Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ”提到了太虚弱而无法继续进行自救的情况,由此可推知空处讲述的是出现这种情况后应该采取的保存体力的措施;下文“The point is to try to freeze your coat to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice.”讲述把外套冻在冰面上的好处;选项D(把你的手臂放在冰面上并保持不动。)讲述的正是保存体力的措施,符合语境。故选D项。
40.G 前文“It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out…weak to go on and you cannot get out The point is to…keep your head out of ice.”讲述了在身体变冷之前应该做的事情以及出现虚弱不能自救的情况时该采取的措施。选项G(以这种方式,你会保持你自己可被人看见,等待有人来,即使你失去知觉了。)承接前文所述内容,符合语境。故选G项。
第三部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的奶奶努力工作挣钱为她自己买了一件新大衣,后来为了帮助遭受火灾的一家人,她将自己的新大衣改成了适合小孩儿穿的衣服。
41.C 根据上文的“…never said a bad word about anyone.”可知,她总是在一个人身上找到优点。good在此处为名词,意为“优点”,符合语境,故选C项。
42.B 根据下文的“When she finally had enough money saved up, we went to town.”可知,钱存够了,由此推断,奶奶整个春天和夏天都在努力工作,为了买(buy)一件冬天穿的新大衣。故选B项。
43.A 根据上文的“She sold eggs, berries(浆果), and anything her garden…”可知,她卖鸡蛋、浆果以及菜园里产的任何东西来赚足够的钱。produce 意为“产生,出产”,符合语境,故选A项。
44.B 根据上文的“Her old coat had seen better days…”以及下文的“…it quite a few times.”可知,这件旧大衣已经很破了,她已经缝补(mend)过很多次了。故选B项。
45.D 根据上文的a new coat for the winter可知,奶奶穿着她的新(new)大衣,看起来非常漂亮。故选D项。
46.C 根据下文的“When the family…what was in the wagon…”可知,一个有三个小女孩儿的家庭(family)在一场大火中失去了他们的房子。故选C项。
47.B 根据下文的“She told me those girls needed…much more than she did.”可知,这个家庭需要(need)衣服、食物和家庭用品。故选B项。
48.B 根据下文的“I begged her not to do so…”可知,奶奶决定(decide) 把自己的新大衣裁剪成三件小大衣给那三个小女孩儿。故选B项。
49.A 根据上文的“I begged her not to do so…”可知,她吻掉了“我”的眼泪(tear)。故选A项。
50.D 根据上文的“…cut her new coat and make three coats…”可知,她告诉“我”那些女孩儿比她更需要大衣(coat)。故选D项。
51.C 根据下文的and apron可知,奶奶为那位母亲做了一件围裙(apron)。故选C项。
52.D 根据下文的on her old sewing machine可知,“我”看着奶奶做(make)玩偶、大衣以及围裙。故选D项。
53.B 根据上文的“When they were done, we loaded up the red wagon(马车) with the coats…”可知,“我们”把东西装到了红色的马车上。又根据下文的“…what was in the wagon, the mother started crying…”可知,那家人看到(see)了马车上的东西。故选B项。
54.A 根据上文的“…for the mother, blankets, food and three little dolls.”可知,女孩儿们抱着玩偶(doll)。故选A项。
55.A 根据下文的“…her old coat to the church and she was the prettiest grandma there.”以及上文提到的奶奶把新大衣裁剪成了三件小大衣可知,奶奶是穿着(wear)旧大衣去教堂的。故选A项。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。风筝是2000多年前在中国发明的,被认为是人类最早创造的飞行物。风筝已成为我国具有代表性的传统文化之一,风筝制作技艺于2006年被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录。本文主要介绍了风筝的历史以及潍坊的风筝制作技术。
56.earliest 考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的定冠词 the 可知,此处应用形容词的最高级。故填earliest。
57.cultures 考查名词复数。根据句中one of可知,此处应用名词复数形式,意为“……之一”。故填cultures。
58.be found 考查动词语态。分析句子可知,此处the most unique kite-making techniques和谓语动词find之间是被动关系,且位于can之后。故填be found。
59.based 考查非谓语动词。based on 在句中作定语,意为“根据;在……的基础上的”。故填based。
60.an 考查冠词。此处表示泛指,故用不定冠词a或者an。同时,important是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
61.whose 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,该句是由关系代词whose引导的定语从句。关系代词在从句中作定语,修饰名词themes。故填 whose。
62.including 考查非谓语动词。该动词与逻辑主语是主动关系,故用该动词的现在分词形式在句中作状语。故填including。
63.to express 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to express。
64.is held 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,空处作谓语。该句主语和谓语动词是被动关系,故用被动语态。同时,根据句中的时间状语usually in April可知,此处应用一般现在时。先行词Weifang International Kite Festival为单数,故填is held。
65.in 考查介词。短语compete in,意为“参加……比赛”。故填in。
第四部分
第一节
One possible version:
Dear teachers and classmates,
It’s my honour to stand here to deliver my speech.
As we all know, our planet is our beautiful home, where wildlife and humans should have lived together harmoniously. However, more and more wildlife is faced with extinction, whose habitats are becoming smaller as new roads and railways are built. Even worse, to make a profit, hunters are killing wildlife.
It’s high time that we should change our way of life and stop hunting wildlife. When the buying stops, the killing can too. If everyone gives up buying any products made from wildlife, the killing can be stopped. Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to our planet. Let’s take action now! That’s all.
Thank you!
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开。文章主要讲述了一家八口在海边度假时,两个孩子不幸被海水卷入海中,其他人发现情况后主动救援的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“当他们尽力营救兄弟俩和Tabatha无果后,他们想到了一个冒险的方法。”可知,关键词是“冒险的”,所以第一段可描写:他们手拉手形成“人链”,希望可以拉住那些受困的人,避免他们被离岸流带走。但似乎人手还不够,他们朝游泳的人大喊,让他们也过来帮忙。
②由第二段首句内容“更多游泳的人看到这群受困的人,都跑过来加入‘人链’。”可知,关键词是“人多力量大”,故第二段可描写:他们紧紧地相互拽着,终于可以够得着受困的人。在他们的努力下,两兄弟和Tabatha都被救上了岸。他们的妈妈对所有帮助的人表示感激。
2.续写线索:组成人链—朝向落水者—设法保证安全—呼唤他人加入—落水者成功得救—表示感激
One possible version:
When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha, a risky idea came to them. To keep themselves from losing their footing in the rip current(不定式作目的状语;重要搭配:keep …from doing…阻止……做……), they began holding on to one another to form a human chain extending from the beach all the way out to the struggling boys and Tabatha(现在分词短语作后置定语). They stayed linked tightly and managed to ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand(宾语从句). However, that required more links—probably dozens of them. Shaun spotted other swimmers on the beach and shouted, “Don’t just stand there! Come and help.”
By then, more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the human chain. One by one, link by link, total strangers walked into the waves and grasped one another by the wrists, determined that no one would die on that beach(宾语从句). At last, they made it and Tabatha and the two brothers were saved! “Those people on the beach are angels on Earth,” said Roberta, showing her appreciation(现在分词作状语). Whether it is the first person or the last person in the chain(重要搭配:whether…or…“不论……还是……”), they are all our heroes, who helped get our family out of trouble(定语从句).单元素养测评卷(二)
Unit 5
(时间:120分钟 分值:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1.What did the woman do today
A.She did nothing. B.She sent e-mails.
C.She practised the violin.
( )2.What does the woman suggest doing first
A.Travelling to the town. B.Buying the medicine.
C.Having breakfast.
( )3.What time does the woman’s watch show
A.7:50. B.7:20. C.7:30.
( )4.Where will the man spend the afternoon
A.At home. B.At a park. C.At a friend’s.
( )5.What will the weather be like tomorrow
A.Sunny. B.Rainy. C.Windy.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6.What is the man coming for
A.A talk. B.A date. C.A help.
( )7.What is the woman working on
A.A project. B.A review. C.A paper.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
( )8.What is the relationship between the speakers
A.Hostess and guest.
B.Tour guide and tourist.
C.Photographer and customer.
( )9.Which city does Jordan regard as his second home
A.Beijing. B.Shanghai. C.Chongqing.
听第8段材料,回答第10至13题。
( )10.How long is Faisal going to stay
A.A month. B.Until the end of term.
C.One year.
( )11.What does Dennis dislike about Faisal
A.His taste in music. B.His sense of humour.
C.His untidiness.
( )12.Where is Dennis going tonight
A.To a cafe. B.To a cinema.
C.To a concert.
( )13.What does Dennis do before breakfast
A.Do some reading. B.Go for a run.
C.Give a lecture.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
( )14.What did the woman probably do last night
A.She worked in the lab. B.She went to see a show.
C.She went to the man’s home.
( )15.Who will the man go with to see the paintings tonight
A.His sister. B.His teacher. C.The woman.
( )16.What is the painter’s real name
A.Mike White. B.Lucy Green. C.Desiree Smith.
( )17.What is Mr Brown
A.A teacher. B.A model. C.A painter.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
( )18.What can be seen in Woodhill Shelter
A.Wild animals.
B.Sea creatures.
C.Farm animals.
( )19.What do we know about the shelter
A.Its workers are not paid.
B.It was set up three years ago.
C.Free lunch is offered to visitors.
( )20.What are people advised to do to become a volunteer
A.Post a form. B.Make a call.
C.Sign up online.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nobody expects a natural disaster to strike. Neither does anyone know the impact it can have on life. The following measures can save your life in an emergency.
Typhoon
Typhoons occur in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, particularly in exposed regions like the Caroline Islands, the Philippines and Japan. The best place to hide during a typhoon is a secure basement or a bathroom with no windows. A must-have device is a battery-powered weather radio, through which you will hear evacuation orders or in other cases, instructions on how to survive in your shelter and learn about the weather situation.
Flood
Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster and change the landscape dramatically. They are usually caused by intense rainfall lasting for days. Don’t try to be the bravest person around and stay in your house. Once you hear the evacuation warning, leave for safer and higher grounds with your important papers in a waterproof container.
Avalanche
An avalanche can hit when you are enjoying Alpine skiing in a dreamlike location. It is very fast and disastrous, burying everything in its way under tons of snow. When an avalanche starts, try to move to the side of the slope as fast as you can. If you get buried in the snow, dig an air pocket to be able to keep breathing. Wait for the rescue team to find you and don’t waste your energy shouting or digging frantically. Call out when you hear the team approaching.
Wildfire
Wildfire can spread at an amazing speed and destroy everything in its way. If you are caught in wildfire, use a wet cloth to cover your nose and mouth to ensure that you can breathe. Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river. Stay low and cover yourself with wet clothing, a blanket or soil until the fire passes.
( )21.What should those trapped in flood probably do when they hear the evacuation orders
A.Bring an umbrella with them.
B.Go to higher places.
C.Call out for help loudly.
D.Get a torch in case of a blackout.
( )22.Among the four natural disasters, which one requires people to run against the wind
A.Typhoon. B.Flood.
C.Avalanche. D.Wildfire.
( )23.What do we know from the text
A.Typhoons occur only in the exposed regions in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.
B.Floods cause the most frequent damage among the disasters mentioned.
C.Those who meet with avalanches are advised to call out the minute they’re trapped.
D.Getting clean air matters most in the case of wildfire, despite the difficulty.
B
A crew of six teenage girls completed a nine-day sailing trip in the US recently, after having seasickness and strong winds.
For the past three years, the Sea Cadet teenagers who set sail were all males. Roger Noakes, who captained (担任船长) the boat, said this was the first time he’d taken out an all-female crew.
The girls asked for an all-girl trip in August. The crew set sail along with three adults, Noakes and two Sea Cadet representatives. The original plan was for the girls to sail 24 hours a day in rotating shifts (轮流换班) along the coast and then return. Things turned out differently, however. “The first night was difficult because the wind was really hard. The waves were going up and down,” said Abby Fairchild, 16. “Everybody got seasick.” Noakes gave the girls the choice of just sailing in the bay and not going into open water. But they decided they were going.
The teenagers then sailed a long way overnight and slept in shifts. “We’ve learned everything from controlling the boat to putting up the sails while we have rough seas,” said 15-year-old Olivia Wilcox.
The teenagers stopped on land in Massachusetts. They didn’t make it to their original destination (目的地) in Maine, where they were supposed to have a celebratory dinner, due to the weather and winds. They said they weren’t disappointed, however, as they’d learned a lot. “They learned about boating, and above all, they built confidence and character, ” said Noakes.
( )24.What was special about the Sea Cadet trip this year
A.It was the longest sailing trip ever.
B.It was the first all-female-crew sailing trip.
C.It was the most dangerous sailing trip ever.
D.It was the first sailing trip for teenagers.
( )25.What happened on the crew’s first day of the trip
A.They all felt sick on the boat.
B.Some of them were hurt.
C.Their boat was out of control.
D.They went into open water by mistake.
( )26.Which of the following best describes these young sailors
A.Strong-minded and having a strong sense of teamwork.
B.Hard-working and having great leadership skills.
C.Understanding and creative.
D.Adventurous and skilful.
( )27.According to Noakes, what was the sailors’ greatest benefit from the trip
A.They knew the sea better.
B.They made many friends.
C.They got excellent sailing skills.
D.They developed good personalities.
C
People use laughter to connect and bond with others. What about animals
Sasha Winkler is a graduate student at the University of California, studying animal behaviour. She noticed that the small monkeys she worked with, called rhesus macaques, liked to play together by chasing each other. While having fun together, they made panting sounds, almost like they were out of breath, which reminded Winkler of quiet laughter.
To find out whether other animals laugh while they are playing, Winkler teamed up with another scientist named Greg Bryant. Together, they found and read dozens of reports written by scientists who studied animals. Winkler and Bryant looked for any mentions in any animal of vocal signaling during play like the panting of the macaques.
Through their research, Winkler and Bryant identified 65 species or groups of animals that produce that laughter while they are playing. The animals that laugh the most include primates like monkeys and apes, rodents like rats, and mammals that live in the ocean like dolphins.
The study suggests that many animals laugh so that their play partner knows they are having fun. This is important because animal play can sometimes look like fighting. Laughter becomes a way for animals to prevent aggressive or harmful behaviour when interacting with others. Some animals also make a “play face”, giving an expression like a smile to show that they are happy and not angry.
One big difference between human laughter and animal laughter is that humans laugh much more loudly. Most sounds animals make during play are very quiet so they can only be heard by the animal they are playing with. But for humans, loud laughter is a sign that we’re part of a group. “It’s really fascinating that so many animals have a similar function of vocalization (发声) during play,” said Winkler. “But we do have these unique parts of human laughter that are also an important area for future study.”
( )28.Why did Winkler and Bryant conduct the research
A.To observe animal behaviour.
B.To collect papers about animals.
C.To study animal laughter while they are playing.
D.To compare animal laughter and human laughter.
( )29.Why do some animals laugh when having fun
A.To hide their true emotions.
B.To play tricks on their partners.
C.To attract more partners to join in.
D.To make play go in a friendly way.
( )30.What is special about animal laughter
A.It’s mostly a quiet laughter.
B.It’s louder than human laughter.
C.It’s more social than human laughter.
D.It’s accompanied by facial expressions.
( )31.What might be the main concern of future research on human laughter
A.Its function. B.Its volume.
C.Its sounding. D.Its message.
D
As activists and leaders first gathered in Dubai for COP28, the UN’s climate summit (峰会), a week ago, the chances of significant progress seemed small. The choice of the summit’s host country—the United Arab Emirates (阿拉伯联合酋长国), one of the world’s leading petrol (汽油) states with its chairman being the head of its national oil company, threatened to turn the event into a funny show.
Instead, COP28 proved productive. For the first time the world has agreed to move away from the coal, oil and natural gas that are the major causes of global warming. The 198 parties to the UN Framework Convention (框架协定) on Climate Change agreed on a text that called for a change away from fossil fuels (化石燃料) “in a just and orderly way”.
An agreement between America and China ahead of the summit helped lay the basis. It meant that the two largest polluters and powers together tried to turn language on fossil fuels into the deal, which helped influence certain petrol states to move towards agreement.
Yet a global agreement is only one small step. A far bigger and harder one will be to translate words on a page into action in the real world. Reducing dependence on fossil fuels will depend on making them uncompetitive. Rich countries can achieve the purpose with a combination of carbon prices and subsidies for clean technologies. That is, the government can charge the companies using fossil fuels and reward those using clean technologies.
Poorer countries will need help. Developing countries with fossil-fuel reserves argued that it was unfair to expect them to give up one of their few income streams without being given aid to do so. The aid is expected to be around $25bn—50bn a year in funds over the rest of this decade. Meanwhile, rich countries will try to limit their responsibility to the developing world.
In a sense, bridging the gap will determine whether the beginning of the end for the fossil-fuel age has come.
( )32.What had been expected of COP28 in Dubai
A.Heated debate. B.Little progress.
C.Great achievement. D.Practical agreement.
( )33.What can we know about the agreement reached by the 198 parties
A.It turned the deal of cutting fossil fuels into reality.
B.It confirmed the major causes of global warming.
C.It showed the common desire for a green world.
D.It promised a quick reduction in fossil fuels.
( )34.What does the underlined word “subsidies” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Fines. B.Plans.
C.Funds. D.Investigations.
( )35.What’s the passage mainly about
A.COP28 found a solution to global warming.
B.COP28 failed to achieve its original purpose.
C.The rich world has a duty to poorer countries.
D.The world reached a deal in reducing fossil fuels.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be truly frightening to fall through ice on a frozen (结冰的)lake. 36. In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe (呼吸) quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. 37. This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, and ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious (失去知觉的).
Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can find the thickest area of ice. When you find the ice, spread out your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick (上下打水) until your body reaches the same level of the surface. 38. It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your body becomes too cold to do anything. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out 39. The point is to try to freeze your coat to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. 40.
A.It can help to remember the “1-10-1 rule”.
B.However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C.Take off any clothing or anything that makes you heavy.
D.Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
E.Remember that you should always stay off ice that is only 8cm.
F.Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
G.Thus, you will remain visible, wait for someone to come, even if you pass out.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My grandma Vera Kramer was the best grandma a girl could have. She was kind, caring, and never said a bad word about anyone. She always found 41 in a person.
When I was young, Grandma worked hard all spring and summer to 42 a new coat for the winter. She sold eggs, berries (浆果), and anything her garden 43 to earn enough money.
Her old coat had seen better days, and she had 44 it quite a few times. When she finally had enough money saved up, we went to town. Grandma looked so pretty in her 45 coat, and I was proud of the hard work she did to earn it.
That winter, in the small town of Harwood, Missouri, where she lived, a 46 with three small girls lost their house in a fire. They 47 clothes, food and household goods.
Grandma 48 to cut her new coat and make three coats for the little girls. I begged her not to do so, but she kissed away my 49 . She told me those girls needed 50 much more than she did.
When they were done, we loaded up the red wagon (马车) with the coats, a(n) 51 for the mother, blankets, food and three little dolls. I had watched Grandma 52 the dolls, coats, and apron on her old sewing machine. When the family 53 what was in the wagon, the mother started crying and the girls hugged the 54 .
On Sunday, Grandma 55 her old coat to the church and she was the prettiest grandma there. She was my best friend and second mum, and I dearly miss her.
( )41.A.information B.wealth
C.good D.luck
( )42.A.wash B.buy
C.measure D.remove
( )43.A.produced B.overused
C.controlled D.happened
( )44.A.chosen B.mended
C.picked D.replaced
( )45.A.purple B.heavy
C.nice D.new
( )46.A.team B.group
C.family D.class
( )47.A.lost B.needed
C.offered D.solved
( )48.A.refused B.decided
C.afforded D.planned
( )49.A.tears B.words
C.fear D.pain
( )50.A.bags B.books
C.gifts D.coats
( )51.A.dress B.shirt
C.apron D.shoe
( )52.A.get B.exchange
C.escape D.make
( )53.A.realized B.saw
C.loved D.owned
( )54.A.dolls B.balls
C.boxes D.arms
( )55.A.wore B.found
C.sent D.protected
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kites, invented over 2, 000 years ago in China, are believed to be the 56. (early) flying objects created by humans. After centuries of development, kites have become one of the country’s representative traditional 57. (culture), and kite-making techniques were included in the list of China’s National Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
Currently, the most unique kite-making techniques can 58. (find) in three regions: Weifang in Shandong Province, Nantong in Jiangsu Province and Lhasa in the Xizang Autonomous Region. These regions have each developed their own characteristics 59. (base) on traditional kite-making craftsmanship (手艺).
The city of Weifang is known as 60. important centre of kite culture and is widely regarded as the birthplace of these popular flying toys. Weifang kites, 61. themes are extremely rich, 62. (include) birds, fish, insects, cultural relics, historical figures and legends, are popular with people at home and abroad.
Today in Weifang, there are actually no limitations on the shapes or sizes of kites, and there are so many choices to be used 63. (express) people’s wishes and ambitions. This variety can be observed at the annual Weifang International Kite Festival, which 64. (hold) usually in April. More than 10, 000 participants from over 30 countries and regions around the world compete 65. it every year.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分) 假如你是高中生李华, 你校下个月将举办主题为“When the buying stops, the killing can too”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇关于保护野生动物的演讲稿参加此次活动, 要点如下:
1.简要介绍野生动物的现状;
2.列举保护野生动物的做法;
3.呼吁大家保护野生动物。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
参考词汇:和谐地harmoniously 灭绝extinction
Dear teachers and classmates,
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On July 8, 2017, eight members of a family in total, were enjoying an evening together at the beach in Panhandle, Florida. As the sun sank lower on the horizon, the two boys Noah, 11 and Stephen, 8—swam into the waves without the grown-ups noticing. Soon they realized that the ocean had pulled them into the sea. After trying and failing to swim back, they started waving and screaming for help. But the lifeguards had been off duty for the evening.
The boys had been struggling for several minutes when Jacky and Tabatha, a couple from Georgia, heard them. They dived into the water and soon reached the two brothers. But after a few minutes, they were all trapped in a rip current (离岸流), a powerful one that could sweep even the strongest swimmer out to sea! By then, some teenagers had heard the cry. One of the teens rushed into the water, grabbed Jacky and pulled him back to shore. Meanwhile, Tabatha could feel herself being pulled farther out. She was already exhausted and beginning to feel desperate as she was trying to save both boys alone.
Onshore, Jacky was terrified. A man stopped. “What’s wrong ” asked Shaun, who was heading back to his car. “My wife is drowning! ” Jacky said. Shaun immediately strode (大步跨) into the water. But several minutes later, a gaping 15 feet still lay between him and Tabatha and the boys. He knew that if he continued, he’d become another victim. He turned around to seek help.
It was about that time that Roberta, the boys’ mother, returned from the bathroom and looked around for her children. She was shocked to spot them floating much farther out than they were allowed to go. She fought the waves to get to her screaming sons and the stranger who was trying to save them, but she quickly discovered it was nearly impossible to make headway in any direction. Looking around, Roberta sighed with relief to see some more people coming to help.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha, a risky idea came to them.
Paragraph 2:
By then, more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the human chain.
