[配套课件] Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! Section A 知识讲练——人教版英语九年级全一册

(共52张PPT)
Unit 13
We’re trying to save the earth!
【学习目标】
1.主题：人与自然——环境污染及原因，环保意识和行为。
2.阅读：了解造成环境污染的原因及保护措施，树立环保意识，
培养社会责任感。
3.语法：复习现在进行时、现在完成时、used to 结构、被动
语态及情态动词。
4.写作：写环保倡议书；介绍家乡环境的现状、环境污染的原
因及保护措施。
Section A
【单词乐园】
名 词：1.__________渔民；钓鱼的人
2.________煤；煤块
fisherman
coal
advantage
3.__________优点；有利条件
takeaway
bin
4.________外卖食物
5.________垃圾箱
fin
chain
ecosystem
industry
law
6.________(鱼)鳍
7.________链子；链条
8.__________生态系统
9.________工业；行业
10.________法律；法规
transportation
afford
11.____________运输业；交通运输
动 词：________承担得起(后果)；买得起
形容词：1.________丑陋的；难看的
2.________木制的；木头的
3.________残酷的；残忍的
4.________有害的
5.__________科学上的；科学的
6.__________可重复使用的；可再次使用的
ugly
wooden
cruel
harmful
scientific
reusable
兼类词：1.________ v.乱扔 n.垃圾；废弃物
2.________ n.(大)船；舰 v.船运；运输
3.________ v.花费 n.花费；价钱
4.________ adj.塑料的 n.塑料；塑胶
5.________ adj.现在的 n.现在；礼物
litter
ship
cost
plastic
present
【必背短语】
1.play a ________ ________在……中起作用；扮演角色；参
与……
part
in
up
down
difference
2.clean ________打扫干净；整理好
3.cut ________削减；砍倒；删节
4.make a ___________ (to...) (对……)产生影响或作用
to
off
5.lead ________通向；导致
6.cut ________切除；切断；中断
7.be harmful ________对……有害
to
at
of
8.________ the top ________在……顶部或顶端
9.the food ________食物链
chain
in
with
10.take part ________参加
11.help ________帮忙
12.take ________采取行动
13.turn ________关掉
action
off
for
14.pay ________付费；付出代价
【常用句型】
1.Yes, but people ________ ___________ litter into the river. 是
的，但是人们正在把垃圾扔进河里。
are
throwing
2....we ________ take the bus or subway ________ ________
driving.……我们应该坐公共汽车或坐地铁而不是开车。
3.This is _______ ________ cruel, ________ ________ harmful
to the environment.这种做法不但残忍，而且对环境有害。
should
instead
of
not
only
but
also
play a part in 的用法
教材 P97
Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning
it up! 镇上的每个人都应该参与清理工作！
归纳
play a part in 意为“在……中起作用；扮演角色；参
与……”，后接动词 ing形式作宾语。当表示“参与”时，相当于
take part in；意为“在……方面起作用；扮演角色”时，相当于play
a role in。
Why not play a part in their discussion？为什么不参与他们的
讨论啊？
He was invited to play a role/part in this TV play. 他被邀请在
这部电视剧里扮演一个角色。
运用 单句语法填空。
(1)We should play a part in ________ (protect) the environment.
完成句子，每空一词。
(2)汉字在传播中国语言和文化中扮演着重要角色。
Chinese characters ________ ________ __________ _________
in passing on Chinese language and culture.
play
an
important
part/role
protecting
cost 的用法
教材 P98 It’s good for health and it doesn't cost anything! 这对
健康有好处，而且不花钱！
归纳
cost 在此处用作动词，意为“花费”，其过去式和过
去分词都是 cost。此外，cost 还可以用作名词，意为“花费；价钱”，
既可以用作可数名词，又可以用作不可数名词。
单词 用法 例句
cost 多表示花钱，主语通常是物，常
用结构为“sth.cost (sb.)＋金钱” This pen cost her 10 dollars.
这支笔花了她 10 美元。
spend 既可以表示花钱，也可以表示花费时间，主语通常是人，常用结构为“sb.spend＋时间＋on/(in) doing sth.”和“sb.spend＋金钱＋on/(on) doing sth.” I spent 10 years (in) writing/ on the book.我花了10 年时间写这本书。
Her mother spends much money on buying clothes every year.她的妈妈每年花很多钱买衣服。
辨析
cost、spend、take 与 pay
单词 用法 例句
take 多表示花费时间，常用结构为
“It takes sb.＋时间＋to do sth.” It took me two hours to do
my homework last night. 昨 晚
我花了两个小时才做完家庭
作业。
pay 指为某物付款，主语通常是人，
常用结构为“sb.pay＋金钱＋for
sth.” She paid 10 dollars for this
pen.她花了 10 美元买这支钢
笔。
运用 单项填空。
(1)The film is wonderful, but it ______ too much.It will _______
me two weeks to make money to buy a ticket.
A.costs; spend
C.costs; take
B.takes; cost
D.spends; take
(2)—How much is the ticket to Central Park
—A one-way ticket _______ $40, and you can _______ another
C
$20 for a round-trip.
A.costs; pay
C.pays; spend
B.costs; spend
D.spends; pay
A
afford 的用法
教材 P100
Yes, we can't afford to wait any longer to take action!
是的，我们不能再等下去了，采取行动吧！
归纳 afford 是动词，意为“承担得起(后果)；买得起”，常
与 can、could、be able to 等词连用。常见搭配总结如下：
搭配 含义 例句
afford sth. 买得起某物 This kind of computer is too expensive and I can’t afford it.这种电脑太贵了，我买不起。
afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.今年夏天我们没钱出国。
afford ＋金钱/ 时
间＋for sth. 有钱/时间做某事 I could not afford so much money for a bicycle.我出不起这么多钱买一辆自行车。
运用 完成句子，每空一词。
我希望有一天我能买得起一所大房子。
I hope I can ________ ________ ________ a big house one day.
afford
to
buy
语法复习——现在进行时、现在完成时、
used to、被动语态、情态动词
1.现在进行时
现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作或存在
的状态，其构成为“am/is/are＋现在分词”。
用法 例句
表示说话人说话时正在进行的动作，意为“正在”，常用的时间状语有now、at this time、at present、at the moment等 I am looking for a pair of black shoes.我正在找一双黑色的鞋子。
I am doing my homework now.我现在正在做家庭作业。
表示现阶段但并非眼下正在进行的动作，常与these days、this week等表示现阶段的时间状语连用 He is learning English at college these days.这些天，他正在大学学英语。
用法 例句
与 always、forever 等频度副词
连用，表示经常、反复发生的
动作，不强调动作进行，而是
表达厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬
等情感 She is always changing her clothes.
她老是换衣服。(表示责怪)
2.现在完成时
现在完成时表示到现在为止已完成或仍在持续的动作或状
态，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，其构成为“have/has＋过去
分词”。
用法 例句
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have finished my homework.我已经完成我的家庭作业了。
表示从过去开始一直持续到现在，而且还可能继续持续下去的动作或状态，往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，如since＋时间点、since＋从句、for＋时间段、these days等 Uncle Wang has worked in this factory for more than twenty years.王叔叔已经在这家工厂工作20多年了。
拓展 延续性动词与短暂性动词的转换
短暂性动词(如 begin、borrow、buy、close、come、die、fall、
go、hear、join、leave、lose、see、start 等)不能与表示一段时间的
状语连用。若要与表示一段时间的状语连用，要变成表示状态的
延续性动词。
begin/start→be on
borrow→keep
buy/get→have
close→be closed
come back→be back
die→be dead
finish/end→be over
get married→be married
go out→be out
join→be in
leave→be away (from)
open→be open
put on→wear 或 be on
return→be back
The play has begun.这场话剧已经开始了。
The play has been on for half an hour.这场话剧已经开始半个
小时了。
3.used to 的用法
sb.used to do sth.意为“某人过去常常做某事”，表示过去经
常发生的动作或存在的状态，暗示现在不再这样了。
He used to live in Paris.他过去一直住在巴黎。
He didn't use to come.＝He usedn't to come.他过去不常来。
Did you use to go for a walk after supper
＝Used you to go for a walk after supper？你过去常常晚饭后
去散步吗？
4.被动语态
当主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时，谓语动词使用被动语态。
被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态
的变化通过 be 动词的变化表现出来。在被动语态中，动作的执行
者有时用 by 短语来表示。几种常考的被动语态总结如下：
时态 构成 示例(以动词 give 为例)
一般现在时 am/is/are＋过去分词 am/is/are given
一般过去时 was/were＋过去分词 was/were given
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to be ＋ 过
去分词 will/shall/be going to be
given
含情态动词 can/must/should/may...＋be＋
过去分词 can/must/should/may...b
e given
5.情态动词
情态动词表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，没有人称和数的
变化，本身有一定的词义，但是不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动
词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词具有助动词的作用，可用来构成
否定句、疑问句以及用于简单答语，在句中位于实义动词之前。
情态动词 用法
can ①表能力，意为“能，会”，相当于 be able to
②表请求、允许，意为“可以”
③用于否定句或疑问句中表推测，其否定形式 can't 意为
“不大可能”
could ①表过去的能力，意为“能，会”
②用于疑问句，表示礼貌地提出要求或征求许可，语气较
委婉
③表推测，意为“可能，也许”，语气较委婉
情态动词 用法
may ①表请求、许可，意为“可以”，语气较委婉
②表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能，也许”
might ①表请求、许可，意为“可以”，语气比 may 更委婉
②表示说话人的猜测，其把握性比 may 小
must ①表示主观看法，意为“必须，一定”，其否定式 mustn't
意为“一定不，禁止”。回答 must 引导的一般疑问句时，
肯定回答用 must, 否定回答用 needn't 或 don't have to (不必)
②表示非常有把握的肯定推测，近乎 100%的可能性，意为
“一定，肯定”，语气较为强烈
情态动词 用法
have to 强调受客观原因所迫而不得不做某事，主语是第三人称单
数时，要用 has to。have to 变否定或疑问句时要借助于助
动词 do 或 does
shall 用于疑问句中征求对方的意见，语气较为委婉，多和第一
人称搭配
should 表示命令、要求或劝告、建议，意为“应该”，否定式是
shouldn’t，意为“不应该”
情态动词 用法
need 表示必要性，意为“需要”，既可作情态动词，也可作实
义动词。作情态动词时，多用于否定句和疑问句，后接动
词原形；作实义动词时，后接不定式
had better 多用于第二人称，意为“最好”，had better (not) do sth.意
为“最好(不)做某事”
运用 单项填空。
(1)—Where is Helen
C
—I’m not sure.Maybe she ________ her baseball lesson.(2024 年
江西省)
A.had
C.is having
B.was having
D.will have
(2)—Must I use pink to paint my bedroom
—No, you ________.You can use any colour you like.(2024 年南
通市)
D
D
A.can’t
B.mustn’t
C.shouldn’t
D.needn’t
(3)Panda Yaya ________ to Beijing Zoo for over one year.She is
taken good care of there.(2024 年广元市)
A.was back
C.has come back
B.came back
D.has been back
(4)Robot dogs ________ as volunteers for the first time during
the 2023 Asian Games.(2024 年连云港市)
A.use
B.used
C.are used
D.were used
(5)—I miss Bill very much as we haven’t seen each other
________ two years.
D
B
—Me, too.Whenever I see the photo, it reminds me ________ the
happy days we spent together.(2024 年滨州市)
A.in; with
B.for; of
C.on; in
D.from; for
(6)It's so noisy that I ________ hear a word of what you are
saying.(2023 年南京市)
A
C
A.can’t
B.shouldn’t
C.mustn’t
D.needn’t
(7)—Kitty, will you go to the flower show with me tomorrow
—Thank you for asking, but I ________ there already.(2023 年上
海市)
A.had been
B.was
C.have been
D.will be
(8)—Alex, come down to play football.
—I can’t.Mom said I ________ clean my bedroom before doing
anything else.(2023 年武汉市)
A
A
A.had to
B.will
C.used to
D.can
(9)—Bruce ________ so much in the past two years.
—Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active.
(2022 年达州市)
A.has changed; used to
C.changed; used to
B.changed; is used to
D.has changed; is used to
一、选出音节数量不同的一项。
B
A
(
(
)1.A.coal
)2.A.industry
B.ugly
B.ecosystem
C.cost
C.scientific
二、根据中文或括号内单词的正确形式填空。
Plastic litter, especially from takeaway boxes, often ends up in
the ocean.When these 1.________ (harm) items sink to the bottom,
they pollute water and harm sea creatures like sharks.Broken plastic
enters the 2.____________ (食物链), putting all life in danger.To help,
we can choose 3.________ (reuse) wooden utensils(餐具) instead of
plastic ones and always throw trash into bins.Take action now!
harmful
food chain
reusable
三、完成句子，每空一词。
1.熬夜到很晚对你的健康有害。
is
harmful
to
Staying up too late ________ ________ ________/________
________ ________ your health.
is
bad
for
2.在你离开时别忘了关灯。(2022 年抚顺市)
Don't forget to ____________ _______ the light when you leave.
3.我们的行动会产生影响的。
turn/shut
off
Our action will ________ ________ _____________.
make
a
difference
4.洪水切断了村民们与外界的联系。
The villagers ________ ________ ________ from the rest of the
world by the flood.
5.他在楼梯顶端停了下来。
He stopped ________ ________ ________ ________ the stairs.
were
cut
off
at
the
top
of
四、根据教材 Section A 的 2d 完成短文填空。
To cut down air pollution, we should 1.________ the bus or
subway instead of driving.2.________ a bag to go shopping can also
help.Remember to throw 3.________ in the bins and keep public
places 4.________ and beautiful.Our actions can make a 5.________
and lead to a better future.
take
Bringing
rubbish
clean
difference
五、语法选择。
How did we help to save our earth this week？Let me tell you.
First, my family tried to save electricity.We never left the lights
__1__ when leaving the room.We turned off the TV when nobody
__2__ it.Mom only used cold water in the washing machine.
Second, we started recycling this week.We tried to write on
__3__ sides of our paper, not just on one side.We also divided our
rubbish into different bags for bottles, paper and food.Mom kept the
plastic shopping bags from the supermarket to use them again as
rubbish bags.
Third, my family started to save water.We stopped __4__ long
baths and had short showers (淋浴) instead.We washed the toilet with
used water.Mom and Dad used __5__ water to do the washing.My
sister and I didn't leave the tap ( 龙 头 ) __6__ when we brushed our
teeth.
At last, Mom and Dad began to save gas ( 汽油).Mom __7__ us
to school, but now my sister and I started riding our bikes to school.
It's a hard work __8__ good exercise!
This week Dad and __9__ of the people in his company also
started to go to work in one car and share the cost.
These are great ways to help protect __10__ environment.
C.off
C.watch
C.neither
C.taking
C.less
C.running
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
)1.A.out
)2.A.was watching
)3.A.any
)4.A.take
)5.A.little
)6.A.run
)7.A.used to drive
B.on
B.is watching
B.both
B.to take
B.much
B.ran
B.used to driving
C.was used to drive
(
(
(
)8.A.or
)9.A.few
)10.A.we
B.but
B.little
B.us
C.so
C.a few
C.our
B
A
B
C
C
C
A
B
C
C
六、配对阅读。
左栏是五种环境污染的现状，右栏是七种解决方法，请根据
这五种环境污染的现状选出对应的解决方法。选项中有两项为多
余项。
(　　)1.The forests are disappearing because of farming, cutting and pollution.
(　　)2.Polluted air affects people's life.Those who walk outside or who want to take a jog (慢跑) should learn that air pollution can lead to lung cancer. A.Recycle Paper: We should collect waste paper and recycle it.For example, students should send their used exercise books to a paper factory instead of throwing them away.Then used books can be sold so that the paper can be recycled.
B.Banned Logging: The laws are to stop people from cutting trees without permission (允许).We should plant more trees instead of cutting them down.
C.Sort Rubbish: More cans should be put in the street.And it's important to divide different kinds of waste and put them into different cans.
B
E
D
C
F
(　　)3.There is some loud and unpleasant human and machine noise in big cities and suburbs, which interferes(干扰) with people's sleep and quiet time.
(　　)4.There are different kinds of waste produced in our daily life.Many people often throw rubbish everywhere.
(　　)5.There is a lot of litter in the river, which makes the river smelly and dirty. D.Keep Quiet: Politely ask neighbors if you are making too much noise or the music is up too loud.Keep the volume down and close the window while listening to music. Especially don't make noise at night.
E.Breathing Masks: Wear a breathing mask to reduce the bad factor when you are doing exercise like jogging.Stop exercise in foggy days, or it may do harm to your lungs.
F.Clean Up: Help clean up litter in water filled areas.This includes lakes, rivers, and oceans.Make sure it is safe to collect the litter and put it in a nearby can.
G.Reuse Wastes: Reuse used clothes, used household goods, used tools and construction materials.They can be repaired to rework if you have a creative mind.