Period Two Lesson 1 Avatars(Reading)
【课前自主探究】
Step 1 Fast reading
Para. 1—B; Para. 2—A; Para. 3—5—D; Para. 6—C
Step 2 Careful reading
1—5 BABDC
Step 3 Summary
1.known 2.would have 3.as 4.that/which
5.Obviously 6.creativity 7.concerns 8.to cheat
9.a 10.bigger
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(1)①types ②to forget ③typically (2)any type of football
2.(1)①concerned ②concerning ③a (2)have shown/expressed great concern about/for
3.(1)①as ②In ③into (2)①n.观点 ②n.风景
(3)①In view of ②from their point of view
句型透视
1.①As it is too late for you to go home ②As an expert says
③Tired as we are
2.(1)①took/should take ②have found (2)there comes a time when they must leave homePeriod Two Lesson 1 Avatars(Reading)
Ⅰ.1.virtual 2.images 3.fancy 4.hairstyles 5.blogs
6.nowadays
Ⅱ.1.identity 2.sexes 3.instantly 4.types
5.concerned 6.selection 7.creativity 8.Various/Varied
9.Obviously 10.cheating 11.sensible 12.on
Ⅲ.1.experimenting with 2.a variety of/varieties of 3.As far as I am concerned 4.From a scientific point of view
5.tricked me into
Ⅳ.1.by the time Jack returned to school from home 2.that I even thought of giving up 3.when I sometimes felt useless
4.as you can learn from the teacher and practise with your fellow students
Ⅴ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对自动化的看法和一次有意识地选择非自动化服务的经历。
1.D 根据空处下文“…24-hour ATMs, the convenience of the Internet and a cellphone with various services.”和常识可知,作者对这些方便的服务是感激的,be thankful for意为“对……感激”,符合语境。故选D。eager热切的; ready准备好的;thoughtful沉思的;thankful感激的。
2.B 根据空处下文“…I also miss the face-to-face interactions with people that automation has replaced.”可知,作者也怀念被自动化取代了的与人面对面的互动。下文和前文“感激24小时自动柜员机、互联网的便利以及一部提供各种服务的手机”是转折关系,应填but。故选B。
3.B 根据“Thus, I recently decided to spend a day to achieve all of my goals in a(n)…manner.”中的thus以及下文内容可知,作者打算用非数字的方式去感受人与人之间的面对面的互动。故选B。advanced高级的;non-digital非数字的; informal非正式的;self-service自助的。
4.C 根据下文“After I got my money, we talked for a few minutes, sharing…about our children.”可知,热情欢迎作者的出纳员记得作者是谁,完成工作后和作者拉起了家常。故选C。appreciate赞赏;impress使印象深刻; remember记得;attract吸引。
5.D 根据空处句子“…we talked for a few minutes…”并结合选项可知,交谈几分钟,分享的是孩子们的消息。故选D。schedule时间表;tip提示;note笔记;news新闻,消息。
6.A 根据空处下文“…an employee, who longed to visit that country.”可知,渴望去那个国家(冰岛)的员工得知作者寄信去那里,变得兴奋起来。故选A。excited兴奋的;confused困惑的;satisfied满意的; annoyed烦恼的。
7.D 根据后文a cashier和carrot等词汇可知,此时作者去的地方是超市。故选D。apartment公寓; bank银行;restaurant餐厅;supermarket超市。
8.C 根据后文“…only one penny more I sould get an…carrot.”以及常识可知,在超市里的工作人员会给顾客购物方面的建议。故选C。demand要求;admit承认;suggest建议;apply申请。
9.A 根据for only one penny more以及超市售货常识可知,此处指多付钱可以买到额外的(或者你不必购买的)东西。故选A。extra额外的;expensive昂贵的;amazing惊人的; unusual不同寻常的。
10.C 根据上文“Thus, I recently decided to spend a day to achieve all of my goals…”可知,此处指作者向朋友讲述自己的实验经历。故选C。affair事务;progress进展;experiment实验;behaviour行为。
11.B 根据上文“She listened attentively…”以及语境可知,朋友认真地听作者的体验过程,对作者的做法发表意见、评论。故选 B。praise表扬;comment评论;recommend推荐; protest抗议。
12.B 根据上文“…I could have banked,ordered stamps and shopped with my cellphone…”可知,此处指用手机做这些事情所花的时间本该会更短,会少于1小时。故选B。more than多于;less than少于;other than与……不同,除了;rather than而非。
13.A 根据all those kind words and friendly smiles以及句中but表转折可知,亲切的话语和友好的微笑是用手机体验不到的,作者会错过这些。故选A。miss错过;reserve保留;prefer更喜欢;suffer遭受。
14.A 根据第二段中银行出纳员部分“…we talked for a few minutes…”和邮局员工部分“…stirred up a(n)…comment…”以及在超市部分“…was welcomed by a cashier…”可知,作者和他们之间都有亲切的谈话,选项talking符合题意。故选A。talk谈话;deal交易;meet见面;compare比较。
15.D 根据上文“True, but I would have…all those kind words and friendly smiles.”可知,银行出纳员、邮局员工和超市收银员给作者带来的是温暖的体验。故选D。plan计划;identify识别;attend参加;warm(使)温暖。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了科技进步对人们交友方式的影响。
1.C 根据上文“What if the only way of getting news from far away friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered ”可知,这里描述了之前人们进行交流的方式,与C项 (不久前,事情就是这样运转的。)表达的含义一致,故选C项。
2.G 根据上文“Nowadays, we can move around the world…we want to remain friends with.”可知,上文说的是科技让我们随时随地与朋友保持联系,与G项 (社交媒体让我们了解朋友都在忙些什么,维系了我们的友谊。)表达的含义一致,故选G项。
3.E 根据下文“It depends. If people always exchange true personal information online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. Yet we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth.”可知,下文对网上结交的朋友是否是真正的朋友提出了质疑,与E项 (然而,你在网上结交的“朋友”真的是你的朋友吗 )表达的含义一致,故选E项。
4.B 根据上文“On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.”和下文“Remember the saying…sharing our information with bad guys.”可知,此处上下文说的是积极的动态更新背后可能藏着真正的问题,与B项 (但微笑的照片可能掩盖着真正的问题。)表达的含义一致,故选B项。
5.F 根据上文“Technology has changed the way we make friends, but the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same.”可知,此处讲的是友谊的重要性,与F项 (没有人会选择没有朋友的生活,即使他拥有所有其他美好的东西。)表达的含义一致,故选F项。
Ⅶ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道,文章主要报道中国科技巨头腾讯公布了在深圳建设一个近乎无车的“未来之城”的计划。
1.for 考查介词。 a plan for sth意为“……的计划,规划”,固定搭配,故填for。
2.its 考查代词。空处修饰名词designers,应用形容词性物主代词,故填its。
3.Designed 考查非谓语动词。动词design和逻辑主语the site of this city-within-a-city之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,位于句首首字母应大写,故填Designed。
4.to host 考查非谓语动词。be expected to do sth意为“被期望做某事”,故此处应用不定式,故填to host。
5.convenient 考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词facilities,应用形容词,convenient意为“方便的”,故填convenient。
6.was connected 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语it指代上文提到的“网络城市”,和动词connect之间是被动关系,结合语境可知应用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语为单数,故填was connected。
7.the 考查冠词。此处特指空前的Shenzhen,应用定冠词,故填the。
8.visitors 考查名词复数。visitor为可数名词,根据空后from elsewhere in the city可知,此处应用复数形式,故填visitors。
9.definitely 考查副词。空处作状语,应用副词形式,故填definitely。
10.which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是city,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导,故填which。Period Two Lesson 1 Avatars(Reading)
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
①avatar n.(网络上代表个人的)头像,虚拟替身,图标 ②image n.图像;形象 ③personality n.个性,性格 ④digital adj.数字的,数码的 ⑤identity n.身份;特征 ⑥2D (2-dimensional) adj. 二维的 ⑦yet conj.然而;但是 ⑧a variety of 各种各样的 ⑨form n.形式 AVATARS① When you are online, you can be anyone or anything. You can create your own image② and a new personality③. These digital④ identities⑤, [1]known as avatars, are a key part of [2]how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. [1]画线部分为过去分词作定语,修饰名词digital identities。 [2]how引导宾语从句;不定式短语to communicate and express themselves作目的状语。 The first simple 2D⑥ avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Yet⑦, very few people knew [3]that future avatars would have such a wide variety of⑧ forms⑨ and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats. [3]that引导宾语从句。 虚拟形象 当你上网时,你可以是任何人或任何事物。你可以创设自己的形象,并且拥有新的个性。这些数字身份,被称作“虚拟形象”,这是人们利用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。 简单的二维虚拟形象最早出现在20世纪80年代的角色扮演电脑游戏中。当时,很少有人知道虚拟形象后来会有如此?泛的形式和用途。20世纪90年代末,虚拟形象被用于网络聊天。
(续表)
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
⑩not…at all 一点也不 dress v.给(某人)穿衣服 fancy adj.花哨的;别致的 opposite adj.相反的 sex n.性别 instead of而不是;代替 sensible adj.朴素实用的;明智的,合理的 have fun玩得高兴,玩得开心 creativity n.创造力;独创性 blog n.博客;网络日志 vi.写博客 cartoon n.卡通,动画片 character n.角色,人物 funny adj.有趣的,滑稽的,好笑的 feature n.特色,特征,特点 more or less 或多或少;几乎,差不多 obviously adv.显而易见地,明显地 experiment vi.& vt.做试验,进行实验 n.实验 hairstyle n.发型,发式 nowadays adv.现今,现时 selection n.供选择的同类物品;选择 ready-made adj.预制的,现成的,已做好的 type in把(信息)输入(计算机) concern n.担忧,忧虑; vt.与……有关;使担心 virtual adj.虚拟的;模拟的 become afraid of 变得害怕…… risk n.危险,风险 cheat vt.欺骗;欺诈 view vt.看,把……视为 in a…light从……的角度,从……的观点 look forward to 期待,期盼 When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered [4]that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all⑩. They could dres their avatars in fanc clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposit se, and call themselves “Andy” instead o “Anna”! When Internet users realised [5]that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensibl one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fu. Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativit. [4]第一个that引导宾语从句;不定式短语to create new identities作后置定语;第二个that引导定语从句,修饰名词new identities。 [5]that引导宾语从句。 Of course, the avatar [6]you choose says a lot about your personality. If your blo avatar is a picture of a cute cat, your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. Well-known cartoo character or laughing monkeys say “I’m a really funn person”. Most people create avatars [7]that have similar feature to their personalities and that look more or les like them and act like them. However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking, so people obviousl make their avatars look better than they do in real life. They also experimen with things like different hairstyle—[8]which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. [6]画线部分为定语从句,修饰名词avatar,从句省略关系代词that或which。 [7]两个that均引导定语从句,修饰名词avatars。 [8]which引导非限制性定语从句;what引导宾语从句。 Nowaday, avatars are everywhere. In most web chats, people choose an avatar from a selectio of ready-mad images, or create their own images. You can also use avatars [9]that move around and talk when you type i your message. The avatars in online worlds can talk, walk and fly around, meet people, go shopping and attend classes. [9]that引导定语从句,修饰名词avatars。 The use of avatars has also caused a few concern. Some users worry [10]that they are spending so much time in virtua worlds that they are becoming afraid o meeting people in the real world. The use of several avatars can also be a ris, [11]as people can use avatars to chea others online. However, other users vie avatars in a more positive ligh. They look forward t a time [12]when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds. [10]第一个that引导宾语从句;第二个that为so…that…句型,that引导结果状语从句。 [11]as引导原因状语从句,as意为“因为,由于”。 [12]when引导定语从句,修饰名词time。 人们开始创设自己的虚拟形象时,他们发现自己有能力创设新的身份,这种新身份在相貌和行为上可以与真正的自我完全不同。他们可以给自己的虚拟形象穿上华丽的衣服,或者尝试换个性别,可以给自己取名为“安迪”,而不是“安娜”!当互联网用户意识到很多人会看到他们的虚拟形象,而不仅仅是他们的朋友时,他们开始使用不止一个虚拟形象:一个朴素实用的虚拟形象用于工作;一个友好的、好看的虚拟形象用于交友;一个傻乎乎的虚拟形象用于取乐。虚拟形象让你可以表达自己,还给你很多创造空间。 当然,你所选择的虚拟形象会在很大程度上显露你的个性。如果你的博客头像是一只可爱的猫,你传递的信息是“我喜欢放松和享受”。知名的卡通角色或笑着的猴子传递的信息是“我是个很有趣的人”。大多数人创设的虚拟形象与他们的个性有着相似的特征,看起来或多或少像他们,在行为上也像他们。然而,几乎所有的虚拟形象都个头高挑、样貌年轻、面容姣好,所以人们显然想让他们的虚拟形象看起来比现实生活中更好。人们还进行新的尝试,例如换上不同的发型,这可能从很大程度上透露了他们希望自己看起来是什么样子。 现在,虚拟形象无处不在。在大多数网络聊天中,人们都是从现成的图片中选择一个作为虚拟形象,或者创建自己的图片。当你输入信息时,你也可以使用活动起来或说话的虚拟形象。网络世界中的虚拟形象可以交谈、走路、飞行,还可以结识他人、购物和上课。 虚拟形象的使用也引起了一些担忧。一些用户担心他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间,以至于开始害怕在现实世界中与人见面。使用数个虚拟形象也可能会带来风险,因为有人可能会在网上使用虚拟形象来欺骗他人。但是,其他用户则以更为积极的态度看待虚拟形象。他们期待着有朝一日,自己的虚拟形象会像真人一样去环游更广阔、更精彩的虚拟世界。
Step 1 Fast reading
Read the passage and match the main ideas with each paragraph.
( )Para.1 ( )Para.2 ( )Paras.3—5
( )Para.6
A.History about avatars.
B.Definition of the avatar.
C.Different views on avatars.
D.Purposes of using avatars.
Step 2 Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
( )1.When were avatars being used in web chats like instant messenger
A.In the 1980s. B.By the late 1990s.
C.Nowadays. D.In the 1970s.
( )2.What does a picture of a cute cat mean
A.“I like relaxing and having fun”.
B.“I’m a really funny person”.
C.“I’m tall, young and nice-looking”.
D.“I like being creative”.
( )3.Who could see your avatars
A.Only your friends. B.A lot of people.
C.No one. D.Only your family.
( )4.What can people use avatars to do
A.Act just like a real person.
B.Travel around larger virtual worlds.
C.Help others online.
D.Cheat others online.
( )5.For what purpose does the author mention people calling themselves “Andy”instead of “Anna”
A.To tell us that some people have the power to do anything.
B.To illustrate there are many choices for avatars.
C.To show avatars give people freedom to express them differently.
D.To explain some people don’t like their real selves.
Step 3 Summary
Read the text again and fill in the blanks.
When online, you can be anyone or anything. In other words, you can create digital identities, 1. (know) as avatars, to represent yourself.
When avatars first appeared online in the 1980s, few people knew that future avatars 2. (have) so many different forms and uses. Today, avatars are being used everywhere and Internet users choose different images 3. their avatars.
Many people choose their avatars 4. have similar features to their personalities. 5. (obvious),people often make some improvement to their avatars. That’s why nearly all avatars are so good-looking.
You can make good use of your 6. (create) when choosing your own avatar. For example, you can be someone of the opposite sex online. You can even have more than one avatar. However, the use of avatars has also caused a few 7. (concern). Some users worry that they are spending too much time in virtual worlds. And some users worry that people can use avatars 8. (cheat) others online. Meanwhile, some people hold 9. positive view about avatars. They look forward to a time when their avatar will act just like a real person and travel around 10. (big), more exciting virtual worlds.
1.type vi. & vt.打;打字 n. 类型,种类
(教材P9) You can also use avatars that move around and talk when you type in your message. 当你输入信息时,你也可以使用活动起来或说话的虚拟形象。
(1)all types of 各种类型的
(2)typewriter n. 打字机
typist n. 打字员
(3)typical adj. 典型的,有代表性的
be typical of 典型的
It is typical of sb to do sth. 某人向来会做某事。
(4)typically adv. 典型地;具有代表性地;通常
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①You must learn to deal with all (type) of people once you step out of school.
②It is typical of her (forget) what she has just promised.
③We (typical) learn to recognize words in writing or speech before we’re able to use them.
(2)完成句子
Good players have to be able to adapt to .
优秀的球员得能够适应任何类型的足球。(话题写作之体育运动)
2.concern n.担忧,忧虑 vt. 与……有关;使担心
(教材P9)The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns. 虚拟形象的使用也引起了一些担忧。
(1)show/express concern for/about…
对……表示关心/担心
a matter of concern 令人关切的问题
(2)concerned adj. 焦急的,担忧的;关注的
be concerned about/for sth 为某事而担心/忧虑;关心某事
be concerned with sth 关心……
as far as sb be concerned 就某人来说/而论
(3)concerning prep. 关于;涉及
[温馨提示] concern 作名词讲时,可以抽象名词具体化,a concern,表示“一件令人担忧的事情”。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①As far as I’m (concern), everyone should be given an equal opportunity.
②The sales manager asked his men to inform him of everything (concern) the sales in time.
③The food safety is affecting the quality of human life, which has become big concern in China and around the world.
(2)完成句子
The report shows that the public the environment protection.
报告显示,公众对环境保护问题已经表现出了极大的关注。(话题写作之环境保护)
3.view vt. 看,把……视为;考虑 n. 风景;视野;观点;见解
(教材P9)However, other users view avatars in a more positive light. 但是,其他用户则以更积极的态度看待虚拟形象。
(1)view sb/sth as… 把……视为……
(2)from one’s point of view 从某人的角度/观点
出发
in one’s view 在某人看来
in view of 鉴于; 考虑到
come into view 呈现在眼前;进入视野
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①He is viewed one of the most famous writers in the 21st century.
② my view, health is more important than wealth.
③When we reached the top of the mountain, a wide plain came view.
(2)一词多义
①I had a friend who had a different view and he felt that the war was immoral.
②The view from our window was the beautiful green countryside.
(3)完成句子
① many benefits of labour to students, I suggest that we should regularly take part in a wide range of labour.
鉴于劳动对学生的许多好处,我建议我们应该定期参加各种劳动。(应用文写作之建议信)
②When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to understand the situation .
当你不赞同你的父母时,花一分钟的时间冷静下来,试着从他们的角度了解情况。(话题写作之人际关系)
1.(教材P9)The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online.
使用数个虚拟形象也可能会带来风险,因为有人可能会在网上使用虚拟形象来欺骗他人。
as引导原因状语从句
句型公式
【相关拓展】
as作连词,可以引导以下从句:
①as引导方式状语从句,意为“按照,如同”。
②as引导时间状语从句,意为“一边……一边……;随着”。
③as引导原因状语从句,意为“既然,由于”。
④as引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管”,从句用倒装语序,即“名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词+as+主语+系动词be/助动词”结构。
⑤as引导定语从句,意为“正如”,常见于一些固定用法中。
【活学活用】
完成句子/句式改写
① , you’d better stay over night at this place.
既然你回家已经太晚了,你最好在这个地方过夜。
② , being in nature helps get a tired brain away from too much technology.
正如一位专家所说,身处大自然有助于让疲惫的大脑远离过多的技术设备。
③Although we are tired, we find it meaningful to take part in the activity.
→ , we find it meaningful to take part in the activity. (用倒装句改写)
2.(教材P9)They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds.
他们期待着有朝一日,自己的虚拟形象会像真人一样去环游更?阔、更精彩的虚拟世界。
a time when… ……的时代
句型公式
【句式点拨】
此句型中,a time为先行词,when引导定语从句。
【相关拓展】
与time有关的常用句式:
①It/This/That+was+the first/second/…time (that)+过去完成时 这/那是第一/二/……次……
②It/This/That+is+the first/second/…time (that)+现在完成时 这/那是第一/二/……次……
③There was a time when… 曾有一个……的时期
④the last/first time+从句 最后一次/第一次……
⑤It’s high time that…did/should do sth.该是做……的时候了。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is high time that we (take) some effective measures to protect the wild animals.
②It is the first time that I (find) an excuse for my mistake and I feel ashamed.
(2)完成句子
You can’t do everything for your children:
and spread their wings.
你不能为孩子们包揽一切:总有一天他们必须离开家,展翅高飞。Period Two Lesson 1 Avatars(Reading)
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.He is one of many online teachers who are taking (虚拟的) learning to lower grades.
2.We can download apps , documents, and (图像) whenever we need them.
3.I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in (花哨的)costumes standing in the street.
4.Women have a tendency to change their (发型), making them indeed look completely different.
5.You will need to report back via weekly (博客), photo diaries and video updates while looking after the island.
6.To stay in shape, many of the women (当今) are addicted to diet pills.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.Keeping a language alive can strengthen people’s sense of (identify) and most importantly lead to the preservation of a whole culture.
2.There seem to be fewer and fewer differences between the (sex).
3.I picked up the phone and recognised her voice (instant).
4.Different (type) of personalities can have a great impact on how individuals interact in various social settings.
5.The parents were (concern) about their kid’s health and rushed him to hospital.
6.The careful (select) of a high-quality alarm system is important for ensuring home security and peace of mind.
7.Gardeners show off their (create) with trees and flowers.
8. (variety) activities are organised in our school, like football games and singing contests.
9. (obvious), the convenience of online shopping has revolutionised how people purchase goods and services in today’s digital age.
10.He was caught (cheat) in the test by copying from the boy in front.
11.It is getting dark, so I think the (sense) thing would be to take a taxi home.
12.They fooled and played tricks each other and never kept their word.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.Doctors are busy (用……做实验) the new treatment to see if it really works.
2.Dogs play (各种各样的) roles in society and are often viewed as humans’ friends.
3. (就我而言), it’s a traditional Chinese virtue to respect the old.
4. (从一种科学的角度出发), there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects .
5.While I was shopping in the store, the shopkeeper (哄骗我)spending all my money.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1.All the wooden fences around the campus had been torn down . (时间状语从句)
到杰克从家回到学校时,校园周围所有的木栅栏都被拆掉了。
2.During the most difficult days, I was so stressed out .
在最艰难的日子里,我压力很大,甚至想过放弃。
3.Tending to the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment at a time .
在我有时感到无用的时候,照料植物给了我一种成就感。
4.First of all, it is important to take a Chinese course, . (as引导原因状语从句)
首先,上一门中文课很重要,因为你可以向老师学习,并与同学们一起练习。
●Ⅴ 完形填空
Automation (自动化) certainly has its advantages. I am 1 for 24-hour ATMs, the convenience of the Internet and a cellphone with various services. 2 I also miss the face-to-face interactions with people that automation has replaced .
Thus, I recently decided to spend a day to achieve all of my goals in a(n) 3 manner. I began by going to the bank. On my arrival, I found I was the only customer. One of the three tellers 4 me from a long-ago visit and warmly greeted me. After I got my money, we talked for a few minutes, sharing 5 about our children. Then I moved on to the post office, where the letter I was sending to Iceland stirred up a(n) 6 comment by an employee, who longed to visit that country. I spent five minutes encouraging him. There followed a visit to the 7 , where I walked past the self-checkout and was welcomed by a cashier, who 8 that for only one penny more I should get an 9 carrot.
That evening I had dinner with a friend and reported my 10 to her. She listened attentively and 11 that I could have banked, ordered stamps and shopped with my cellphone, and it would have taken 12 an hour. True, but I would have 13 all those kind words and friendly smiles. It was after 14 with the bank teller, the postal employee and the cashier that I felt better as someone took the time to 15 our meeting.
( )1.A.eager B.ready
C.thoughtful D.thankful
( )2.A.And B.But
C.So D.Or
( )3.A.advanced B.non-digital
C.informal D.self-service
( )4.A.appreciated B.impressed
C.remembered D.attracted
( )5.A.schedules B.tips
C.notes D.news
( )6.A.excited B.confused
C.satisfied D.annoyed
( )7.A.apartment B.bank
C.restaurant D.supermarket
( )8.A.demanded B.admitted
C.suggested D.applied
( )9.A.extra B.expensive
C.amazing D.unusual
( )10.A.affair B.progress
C.experiment D.behaviour
( )11.A.praised B.commented
C.recommended D.protested
( )12.A.more than B.less than
C.other than D.rather than
( )13.A.missed B.reserved
C.preferred D.suffered
( )14.A.talking B.dealing
C.meeting D.comparing
( )15.A.plan B.identify
C.attend D.warm
●Ⅵ 阅读七选五
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends What if the only way of getting news from far away friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered 1. Thanks to progress in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.
Nowadays , we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. 2. All you need is a Wi-Fi connection. The digital age also helps us find people who share our interests, such as playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect people who share the same hobbies, ever if they live on the other side of the world.
3. It depends. If people always exchange true personal information online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. Yet we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth. On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. 4. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with bad guys.
This doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater, though. Technology has changed the way we make friends, but the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. 5.
A.The Internet helps us make more friends.
B.But smiling photos can hide real problems.
C.This was how things worked not very long ago.
D.However, does the Internet really bring people closer
E.However, are the “friends” you make online really your friends
F.No one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other good things.
G.Social media lets us see what our friends are busy with and maintains our friendships.
●Ⅶ 语法填空
Technology giant Tencent had announced plans 1. an almost entirely car-free “city of the future” in Shenzhen.
Known as “Net City”, the 2-million-square-metre urban development (都市开发区) paid more attention to green spaces and self-driving vehicles, according to 2. (it) designers.
3. (design) to accommodate (容纳) a population of some 80,000 people, the site of this city-within-a-city primarily served Tencent, the company behind WeChat and China’s popular QQ messaging service.
But as well as providing company offices, the neighbourhood was expected 4. (host) shops, schools and other 5. (convenience ) facilities.
It 6. (connect) to the rest of Shenzhen via road bridges and 7. city’s subway system. The firm behind the master plan, NBBJ, hoped that the new district’s parks and waterside promenades (步行大道) would attract 8. (visitor) from elsewhere in the city.
The plan differed from the enclosed campuses pioneered by big tech companies in recent years, according to Jonathan Ward, a design partner at NBBJ. “It’s 9. (definite) a wonderful destination,” he said in a phone interview. “It’s not meant to be an enclosed island—it’s a city full of life and energy, 10. will be a vital hub (中心) for Shenzhen.” (共50张PPT)
Period Two
Lesson 1 Avatars(Reading)
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
①avatar n. (网络上代表个人的) 头像,虚拟替身,图标 ②image n.图像; 形象 ③personality n.个 性,性格 AVATARS When you are online, you can be anyone or anything. You can create your own image and a new personality . 虚拟形象
当你上网时,你
可以是任何人或任
何事物。你可以创
设自己的形象,并且
拥有新的个性。
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
④digital adj. 数字的, 数码的 ⑤identity n. 身份;特征 These digital identities , ［1］known as avatars, are a key part of ［2］how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. ［1］画线部分为过去分词作定语,修饰名词 digital identities。 ［2］how引导宾语从句;不定式短语to communicate and express themselves作目 的状语。 这些数字身
份,被称作
“虚拟形
象”,这是人
们利用互联网
进行交流和表
达自己的关键
部分。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
⑥2D (2-dimensional) adj. 二维的 The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. 简单的二维虚拟
形象最早出现在20
世纪80年代的角色
扮演电脑游戏中。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
⑦yet conj.然而; 但是 ⑧a variety of 各种各样的 ⑨form n.形式 Yet , very few people knew ［3］that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats. ［3］that引导宾语从句。 当时,很少有人知道
虚拟形象后来会有如
此广泛的形式和用
途。20世纪90年代
末,虚拟形象被用于
网络聊天。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
⑩not…at all 一点 也不 When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered ［4］that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all . 人们开始创设自己的虚拟形象时,他们发现自己有能力创设新的身份,这种新身份在相貌和行为上可以与真正的自我完全不同。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
dress v.给(某人)穿 衣服 fancy adj.花哨的;别 致的 opposite adj. 相反的 sex n.性别 instead of而不是; 代替 They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposite sex , and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”! 他们可以给自己的虚
拟形象穿上华丽的衣
服,或者尝试换个性别,
可以给自己取名为
“安迪”,而不是“安
娜”!
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
sensible adj.朴素实用 的;明智的,合理 的 When Internet users realised ［5］ that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; 当互联网用户意识到
很多人会看到他们的
虚拟形象,而不仅仅是
他们的朋友时,他们开
始使用不止一个虚拟
形象:一个朴素实用的
虚拟形象用于工作;一个友好的、好看的虚拟形象用于交友;
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
have fun玩得高兴,玩得开心 creativity n.创造力;独创性 and a silly one for having fun . Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity . ［4］第一个that引导宾语从句;不定式短语to create new identities作后置定语;第二个that引导定语从句,修饰名词new identities。 ［5］that引导宾语从句。 一个傻乎乎的虚拟形象用于取乐。虚拟形象让你可以表达自己,还给你很多创造空间。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
blog n.博 客;网络日志 vi.写博客 Of course, the avatar ［6］you choose says a lot about your personality. If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat, your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. 当然,你所选择的
虚拟形象会在很大程
度上显露你的个性。
如果你的博客头像是
一只可爱的猫,你传递
的信息是“我喜欢放
松和享受”。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
cartoon n.卡通,动画片 character n.角色,人物 funny adj.有趣的,滑稽 的,好笑的 Well-known cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “I'm a really funny person”. 知名的卡通角色或笑
着的猴子传递的信息
是“我是个很有趣的
人”。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
feature n.特色,特征,特 点 more or less 或多或 少;几乎,差不多 Most people create avatars ［7］that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. 大多数人创设的虚拟
形象与他们的个性有
着相似的特征,看起
来或多或少像他们,
在行为上也像他们。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
obviously adv.显而 易见地,明显地 However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice- looking, so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. 然而,几乎所有的
虚拟形象都个头高
挑、样貌年轻、面
容姣好,所以人们
显然想让他们的虚
拟形象看起来比现
实生活中更好。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
experiment vi.& vt. 做试验,进行实验 n.实验 hairstyle n.发型,发式 They also experiment with things like different hairstyles —［8］which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 人们还进行新的尝
试,例如换上不同
的发型,这可能从
很大程度上透露了
他们希望自己看起
来是什么样子。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［6］画线部分为定语从句,修饰名 词avatar,从句省略关系代词that 或which。 ［7］两个that均引导定语从句,修 饰名词avatars。 ［8］which引导非限制性定语从 句;what引导宾语从句。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
nowadays adv.现今, 现时 selection n.供选择的 同类物品;选择 ready-made adj.预 制的,现成的,已做好的 Nowadays , avatars are everywhere. In most web chats, people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images, or create their own images. 现在,虚拟形
象无处不在。在大
多数网络聊天中,
人们都是从现成的
图片中选择一个作
为虚拟形象,或者
创建自己的图片。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
type in把 (信息)输入 (计算机) You can also use avatars ［9］that move around and talk when you type in your message. The avatars in online worlds can talk, walk and fly around, meet people, go shopping and attend classes. ［9］that引导定语从句,修饰名词 avatars。 当你输入信息时,你也
可以使用活动起来或
说话的虚拟形象。网
络世界中的虚拟形象
可以交谈、走路、飞
行,还可以结识他人、
购物和上课。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
concern n.担忧, 忧虑; vt.与……有关; 使担心 virtual adj.虚拟 的;模拟的 become afraid of 变得害怕…… The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns . Some users worry ［10］that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. 虚拟形象的使用
也引起了一些担忧。
一些用户担心他们在
虚拟世界中花费了太
多时间,以至于开始
害怕在现实世界中与
人见面。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
risk n.危险,风险 cheat vt.欺骗;欺诈 view vt.看, 把……视为 in a…light从……的 角度,从……的观点 The use of several avatars can also be a risk , ［11］ as people can use avatars to cheat others online. However, other users view avatars in a more positive light . 使用数个虚拟形象
也可能会带来风
险,因为有人可能
会在网上使用虚拟
形象来欺骗他人。但是,其他用户则
以更为积极的态度
看待虚拟形象。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
look forward to 期 待,期盼 They look forward to a time ［12］when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds. 他们期待着有朝一
日,自己的虚拟形
象会像真人一样去
环游更广阔、更精
彩的虚拟世界。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［10］第一个that引导宾语从句; 第二个that为so…that…句型,that 引导结果状语从句。 ［11］as引导原因状语从句,as意 为“因为,由于”。 ［12］when引导定语从句,修饰 名词time。
续表
Step 1 Fast reading
Read the passage and match the main ideas with each paragraph.
Para.1 ( ) Para.2 ( ) Paras.3—5( ) Para.6( )
A.History about avatars.
B.Definition of the avatar.
C.Different views on avatars.
D.Purposes of using avatars.
B
A
D
C
Step 2 Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
( ) 1.When were avatars being used in web chats like instant
messenger
B
A.In the 1980s. B.By the late 1990s.
C.Nowadays. D.In the 1970s.
( ) 2.What does a picture of a cute cat mean
A
A.“I like relaxing and having fun”.
B.“I'm a really funny person”.
C.“I'm tall, young and nice-looking”.
D.“I like being creative”.
( ) 3.Who could see your avatars
B
A.Only your friends. B.A lot of people.
C.No one. D.Only your family.
( ) 4.What can people use avatars to do
D
A.Act just like a real person.
B.Travel around larger virtual worlds.
C.Help others online.
D.Cheat others online.
( ) 5.For what purpose does the author mention people calling
themselves “Andy”instead of “Anna”
C
A.To tell us that some people have the power to do anything.
B.To illustrate there are many choices for avatars.
C.To show avatars give people freedom to express them differently.
D.To explain some people don't like their real selves.
Step 3 Summary
Read the text again and fill in the blanks.
When online, you can be anyone or anything. In other words,
you can create digital identities, 1._________ (know) as avatars, to
represent yourself.
known
When avatars first appeared online in the 1980s, few people
knew that future avatars 2._______________ (have) so many different
forms and uses. Today, avatars are being used everywhere and
Internet users choose different images 3.____ their avatars.
Many people choose their avatars 4.______________ have similar
features to their personalities. 5._____________(obvious),people often
make some improvement to their avatars. That's why nearly all
avatars are so good-looking.
would have
as
that/which
Obviously
You can make good use of your 6.____________ (create) when
choosing your own avatar. For example, you can be someone of
the opposite sex online. You can even have more than one avatar.
However, the use of avatars has also caused a few 7.____________
(concern). Some users worry that they are spending too much time
in virtual worlds. And some users worry that people can use
avatars 8.____________ (cheat) others online. Meanwhile, some
people hold 9.___ positive view about avatars. They look forward to
a time when their avatar will act just like a real person and travel
around 10._________ (big), more exciting virtual worlds.
creativity
concerns
to cheat
a
bigger
1.type vi. & vt.打;打字 n. 类型,种类
(教材P9) You can also use avatars that move around and talk when
you type in your message. 当你输入信息时,你也可以使用活动起来或说话
的虚拟形象。
(1)all types of 各种类型的
(2)typewriter n. 打字机
typist n. 打字员
(3)typical adj. 典型的,有代表性的
be typical of 典型的
It is typical of sb to do sth. 某人向来会做某事。
(4)typically adv. 典型地;具有代表性地;通常
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①You must learn to deal with all ________ (type) of people once
you step out of school.
②It is typical of her ____________ (forget) what she has just
promised.
③We ___________ (typical) learn to recognize words in writing or
speech before we're able to use them.
types
to forget
typically
(2)完成句子
Good players have to be able to adapt to ________________________
_________.
优秀的球员得能够适应任何类型的足球。(话题写作之体育运动)
any type of football
2.concern n.担忧,忧虑 vt. 与……有关;使担心
(教材P9)The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns. 虚拟形
象的使用也引起了一些担忧。
(1)show/express concern for/about… 对……表示关心/担心
a matter of concern 令人关切的问题
(2)concerned adj. 焦急的,担忧的;关注的
be concerned about/for sth 为某事而担心/忧虑;关心某事
be concerned with sth 关心……
as far as sb be concerned 就某 人来说/而论
(3)concerning prep. 关于;涉及
［温馨提示］concern 作名词讲时,可以抽象名词具体化,a concern,表示“一
件令人担忧的事情”。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①As far as I'm ______________ (concern), everyone should be given
an equal opportunity.
②The sales manager asked his men to inform him of everything
_______________ (concern) the sales in time.
③The food safety is affecting the quality of human life, which has
become ___ big concern in China and around the world.
concerned
concerning
a
(2)完成句子
The report shows that the public __________________________________
_____________________________ the environment protection.
报告显示,公众对环境保护问题已经表现出了极大的关注。(话题写作之环境
保护)
have shown/expressed great concern about/for
3.view vt. 看,把……视为;考虑 n. 风景;视野;观点;见解
(教材P9)However, other users view avatars in a more positive light.
但是,其他用户则以更积极的态度看待虚拟形象。
(1)view sb/sth as… 把……视为……
(2)from one's point of view 从某人的角度/观点出发
in one's view 在某人看来
in view of 鉴于; 考虑到
come into view 呈现在眼前;进入视野
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①He is viewed ____ one of the most famous writers in the 21st
century.
②____ my view, health is more important than wealth.
③When we reached the top of the mountain, a wide plain came
______ view.
as
In
into
(2)一词多义
①I had a friend who had a different view and he felt that the war
was immoral. _________
n.观点
②The view from our window was the beautiful green countryside.
_________
n.风景
(3)完成句子
①______________ many benefits of labour to students, I suggest
that we should regularly take part in a wide range of labour.
鉴于劳动对学生的许多好处,我建议我们应该定期参加各种劳动。(应用文写作
之建议信)
In view of
②When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm
down and try to understand the situation _________________________
______.
当你不赞同你的父母时,花一分钟的时间冷静下来,试着从他们的角度了解情况。
(话题写作之人际关系)
from their point of view
1.(教材P9)The use of several avatars can also be a risk， as
people can use avatars to cheat others online.
使用数个虚拟形象也可能会带来风险,因为有人可能会在网上使用虚拟形象来欺
骗他人。
句型公式
as引导原因状语从句
【相关拓展】
as作连词，可以引导以下从句：
①as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，如同”。
②as引导时间状语从句，意为“一边……一边……；随着”。
③as引导原因状语从句，意为“既然，由于”。
④as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，从句用倒装语序，即“名词/形容词/
副词/分词/动词+as+主语+系动词be/助动词”结构。
⑤as引导定语从句，意为“正如”，常见于一些固定用法中。
【活学活用】
完成句子/句式改写
①______________________________________________, you'd better stay
over night at this place.
既然你回家已经太晚了，你最好在这个地方过夜。
As it is too late for you to go home
②_______________________, being in nature helps get a tired brain
away from too much technology.
正如一位专家所说，身处大自然有助于让疲惫的大脑远离过多的技术设备。
As an expert says
③Although we are tired, we find it meaningful to take part in the
activity.
→____________________, we find it meaningful to take part in the
activity. (用倒装句改写)
Tired as we are
2.(教材P9)They look forward to a time when their avatar will act
like a real person and travel around bigger， more exciting
virtual worlds.
他们期待着有朝一日,自己的虚拟形象会像真人一样去环游更广阔、更精彩的虚
拟世界。
句型公式
a time when… ……的时代
【句式点拨】
此句型中,a time为先行词,when引导定语从句。
【相关拓展】
与time有关的常用句式:
①It/This/That+was+the first/second/…time (that)+过去完成时 这/那是
第一/二/……次……
②It/This/That+is+the first/second/…time (that)+现在完成时 这/那是第
一/二/……次……
③There was a time when… 曾有一个……的时期
④the last/first time+从句 最后一次/第一次……
⑤It's high time that…did/should do sth.该是做……的时候了。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is high time that we ______________________ (take) some
effective measures to protect the wild animals.
②It is the first time that I _______________ (find) an excuse for my
mistake and I feel ashamed.
took/should take
have found
(2)完成句子
You can't do everything for your children: _________________________
____________________________________and spread their wings.
你不能为孩子们包揽一切:总有一天他们必须离开家,展翅高飞。
there comes a time when they must leave home
