单元小测(Unit 4)
Ⅰ. 1. amusement 2. convincing 3. academic 4. anxious
5. confusing 6. energetic 7. creative 8. accidentally
9. fortunate 10. scientist 11. balanced 12. significance
Ⅱ. 1. benefit; from 2. turn to 3. gave away 4. attract/draw her attention 5.have a positive effect/influence on
6. rely; on/upon 7. pulled a face 8. relieve tension
Ⅲ. 1. was trying to figure out; when an idea occurred to me
2. It was under your professional guidance that 3. even if/though they live on the other side of the world 4. as if it sensed
Ⅳ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了写作中运用与卡通创作相似的技巧制造幽默的效果。指出简化、夸张和对比是关键。通过简化复杂情节,以少许细节展现幽默;适度夸张,但要基于真实;利用对比创造滑稽错位。写作时需运用视觉思维,展现幽默特质。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“At first glance, writers and cartoonists have vastly different toolboxes and skill sets. But if you look closely, you will notice similar devices, such as simplification, exaggeration (夸张) and contrast.”可知,作家和漫画家在表达幽默方面的共同之处在于他们使用简化、夸张和对比等相似的技巧。故选C项。
2. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后“By simplifying complex situations, characters, plots and reactions, your work becomes more digestible and humorous.”可知,简化可以创造幽默。所以“There’s a thin line between plain and funny, and the difference often lies in whether a writer adheres to the universal comedic principle, ‘less is funnier’.”中讲的是,作家要让作品有趣,就需要遵循“越少越有趣”的普遍原则,画线短语adheres to与follow同义,意为“遵守,按照”。故选B项。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Contrasting is the juxtaposition (并列) of elements not usually coupled, a technique that cartoonists use to create humorous mismatches by placing significantly different elements side by side.”可知,组合完全不同的元素可以创造出幽默。故选D项。
4. B 推理判断题。根据第一段“As writers, we have a unique challenge to craft worlds, including humorous ones, using only words.”、最后一段“Humour is at its funniest when it’s visual, and writers can craft more humorous material by employing the same techniques used by cartoonists. By thinking and writing visually, you can show the funny to readers.”和文中对三种幽默创作方法的介绍可知,文章探讨了写作中运用与卡通创作相似的技巧制造幽默的效果。由此可推知,本文很可能出自关于写作艺术的文章。故选B项。
Ⅴ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。欧·亨利是一位著名的美国作家,文章对其写作风格进行了介绍。
1. to make 考查非谓语动词。根据“…he was good at using different writing skills…”可知,此处是指运用不同的写作技巧的目的是使他的故事充满乐趣,所以应用不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
2. dramatically 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词dramatically表示“戏剧性地”作状语。故填dramatically。
3. which 考查定语从句。先行词为some unexpected changes,在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
4. based 考查非谓语动词。动词base意为“以……为基础”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语some of his stories构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填based。
5. inspiration 考查名词。此处作宾语应用名词inspiration表示“灵感”。故填inspiration。
6. living 考查非谓语动词。动词live意为“居住”,和谓语之间没有连词,和主语he构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填living。
7. remarkable 考查形容词。修饰名词ways of writing应用形容词remarkable表示“非凡的”作定语。故填remarkable。
8. what 考查名词性从句。在宾语从句中缺少宾语,指物,所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
9. on/upon 考查介词。have an impact on/upon意为“对……有影响”,为固定搭配,所以此处应用介词on或upon。故填on/upon。
10. was influenced 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述过去的事情,所以应用一般过去时。根据by his own life可知,此处应用被动语态。主语为第三人称单数。故填was influenced。
Ⅵ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在游乐园摆摊的五年中,天天观看一位喜剧演员Moonie的表演,在对方最后一年表演时,作者向那位喜剧演员表达了感谢。
1. B 由下文“He was…amazing…”和“No, Moonie, you are the greatest!”可知,在作者眼中,Moonie是一位“极好的”喜剧演员。故选B项。 boring无聊的;wonderful极好的;strange奇怪的;honest诚实的。
2. C 由下文“No, Moonie, you are the greatest!”可知,作者认为Moonie的表演是“绝对”令人惊叹的。故选C项。partly部分地;regularly经常地;absolutely绝对地,当然;probably可能地。
3. A 由上文语境和下文“…he always…to keep things funny and fresh.”可知,Moonie是一位很出色的喜剧演员,因此作者总会被他“逗乐”。故选A项。entertained快乐的;frightened害怕的;touched感动的;annoyed生气的。
4. D 由上文“Even when the audience wasn’t…”以及本处语境可知,该句进一步讲明Moonie是一位很出色的喜剧演员,即使在观众“不配合”表演的时候,他也总是设法保持趣味性和新鲜感。故选D项。perform表演;hesitate犹豫;move移动;cooperate合作。
5. A 由下文“…to keep things funny and fresh.”以及本处语境可知,该句进一步讲明Moonie是一位很出色的喜剧演员,即使在观众不配合的时候,他也总是“设法”保持趣味性和新鲜感,manage to do sth表示“设法做某事”,符合语境。故选A项。manage设法做到;fail失败;promise承诺;support支持。
6. D 由下文“…I just want to say thank you for the years of amazing…”以及结合语境可知,这里表示作者对Moonie所做的表示“感谢”。故选D项。admire爱慕;memorize记住;inform告知;thank感谢。
7. C 由下文“…after his last show of the day.”以及语境可知,在当天最后的演出结束后,Moonie“站在”人群中。故选C项。 fight斗争;shake抖动;stand站立;argue争论。
8. B 由下文“…dropped a twenty-dollar bill into his basket.”可知,这里表示人们把“小费”放进篮子里。故选B项。card卡片;tip小费;ticket票;toy玩具。
9. A 由下文“He turned to me, smiling very brightly, and said, ‘You’re the greatest!’”可知,当每个人把小费投进他的篮子时,Moonie便会对每个人说,“你是‘最棒的’!”。故选A项。greatest最棒的;funniest最有趣的;worst最坏的;richest最丰富的。
10. D 由下文“…dropped a twenty-dollar bill into his basket.”可知,作者“走近”Moonie,才能朝Moonie的篮子里扔钱。故选D项。persuade劝说;pat轻拍;comfort安慰;approach接近,走近。
11. D 由下文him directly以及语境可知,作者直“视”Moonie,才和Moonie说了一大段话。故选D项。call on号召;come across偶遇;talk with与……谈话;look at看。
12. C 由上文“I remember watching his shows…”可知,作者“观看”Moonie的节目五年了。故选C项。 record记录;improve提高;watch观看;learn学习。
13. C 由上文“…all the amazing shows he had done.”可知,作者看Moonie的节目五年了,想对Moonie带来的精彩“节目”表示感谢。故选C项。 lesson课程;game游戏;show节目;lecture演讲。
14. B 由上文“No, Moonie, you are the greatest!”以及语境可知,作者对Moonie说了一番对他所作所为表示感谢和评价的话,而这个“评论”让Moonie感动了。故选B项。question问题;comment评论;wish愿望;story故事。
15. B 由上文“As each person dropped a…into his basket, he was pointing at them with a huge smile and saying ‘You’re the…’ to each one.”和“No, Moonie, you are the greatest!”可知,Moonie和身为观众的作者互相称赞对方,可得出二人彼此“尊重”和感激对方。故选B项。humour幽默;respect尊敬;surprise惊讶;belief信仰。单元小测(Unit 4)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1. Much to our (amuse), his false beard fell off when he was performing on the stage.
2. Darwin’s scientific studies were so (convince) that more and more people started to believe his theory.
3. I began reading books about Chinese history and culture in senior high, which inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my (academy) major at university.
4. At the sight of the guitar, it struck Eric that music might comfort the (anxiety)girl.
5. To those who are unfamiliar with this system, it can sometimes be (confuse).
6. After half an hour your heart will be pumping, muscles tighten up and you are hopefully feeling (energy).
7. Outstanding organizational skills and (create) problem-solving abilities make him a good candidate for the position.
8. He didn’t mean to break the vase ; it slipped from his hands (accidental).
9. I’m (fortune) to have a partner who not only shares my values but also brings out the best in me.
10. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient (science), was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930.
11. Keeping a healthy lifestyle such as (balance) diets or regular exercise matters in reducing pressure.
12. The discovery of the new drug is of great (significant) to people suffering from heart problems.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1. From my point of view, students can a lot (从……中受益) doing some housework.
2. Using AI to help us learn and improve those skills is not new—some of the online language tools we (求助于) every day are powered by AI.
3. He (赠送) all his old records when he moved abroad.
4. While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara’s ankle, I (吸引她的注意力)by doing a magic trick.
5. There’s no doubt that the experience of teamwork will (对……有积极的影响) a person’s character.
6. Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) only (依赖) their smartphones, according to a survey.
7. Kathryn approached Thomas and (做鬼脸) at him behind his back.
8. Smiling and laughing has actually been shown to (缓解紧张) and stress.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1. I how to explain this to his father .
我正努力想该如何向他的父亲解释这件事, 这时我突然就有了一个主意。
2. the participants made great progress.(强调句)
正是在您专业的指导下,参与者们取得了巨大的进步。
3. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them,
.
不管我们的爱好是什么, 因特网都能把我们和其他同样喜欢做这些事的人联系起来, 哪怕他们住在世界的另一端。
4. Whenever I felt down, the bird would always be singing and chirping, almost how I felt and wanted to lift my spirits.
每当我情绪低落的时候,那只鸟就会唱歌,唧唧喳喳地叫着,好像它能觉察出我的感受,想让我振作起来。
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
Why do we universally appreciate cartoons Because they are visual—the humour unfolds right before our eyes. As writers, we have a unique challenge to craft worlds, including humorous ones, using only words.
At first glance, writers and cartoonists have vastly different toolboxes and skill sets. But if you look closely, you will notice similar devices, such as simplification, exaggeration (夸张) and contrast.
In many literary forms, decoration enriches a piece. That’s not true for humour writing—humour can get lost with too many details. Adding a bit of shading will give depth to an illustration, yet there’s usually no need to detail every feature. There’s a thin line between plain and funny, and the difference often lies in whether a writer adheres to the universal comedic principle, “less is funnier”. By simplifying complex situations, characters, plots and reactions, your work becomes more digestible and humorous.
Exaggeration is one of the most straightforward and effective comedic tools. As a humour writer, don’t shy away from every chance to stretch the truth, whether by understatement or overstatement. However, effective humour is truth based. The relationship between exaggeration and realism in humour is like stretching a rubber band (橡皮筋). A little stretching, even repeated stretching, is no problem. However, overstretching the band will cause it to break, as well as the humour and the reader’s trust.
Contrasting is the juxtaposition (并列) of elements not usually coupled, a technique that cartoonists use to create humorous mismatches by placing significantly different elements side by side. As writers, we can use juxtaposition to brainstorm new humour angles and create funny mismatches.
Humour is at its funniest when it’s visual, and writers can craft more humorous material by employing the same techniques used by cartoonists. By thinking and writing visually, you can show the funny to readers.
( )1. What do writers and cartoonists have in common in expressing humour
A. They craft worlds literally.
B. They focus closely on details.
C. They employ techniques alike.
D. They get through to readers easily.
( )2. What does the underlined phrase “adheres to” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Break. B. Follow.
C. Revise. D. Challenge.
( )3. What is a way to achieve humour according to the author
A. Overstating simple situations.
B. Shying away from the truth.
C. Reducing the number of characters.
D. Combining uncoupled elements.
( )4. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A review of modern cartoons.
B. An essay on the art of writing.
C. An introduction to painting skills.
D. A guidebook for passionate readers.
●Ⅴ 语法填空
O. Henry was a celebrated American writer. His writing was vivid and he was good at using different writing skills 1. (make) his stories full of fun. He was a master of creating unexpected endings and usually designed plots 2. (dramatic). And he made some unexpected changes at the end, 3. are quite beyond readers’ expectations.
O. Henry wrote some of his stories 4. (base) on where he had lived. For example, he lived in New York, North Carolina and Texas which all provided great 5. (inspire) for his stories. In 1902, O. Henry moved to New York, where he really began to flourish as an author. He wrote some of his most well-known pieces 6. (live) there.
O. Henry often used irony in his writings. His ironic writing style can be described as subtle yet surprising, since the irony usually happened at the end and all at once. He used 7. (remark) ways of writing to put a somewhat sick, funny twist (转折) on crime, poverty and many subjects he wrote about. He took 8. he knew from his life to write stories that could make people laugh and feel speechless. O. Henry’s life had a major impact 9. his point of view, thus adding to the moral truth of his stories. In conclusion, O. Henry’s ironic writing style 10. (influence) by his own life.
●Ⅵ 完形填空
I remember one of my last few years at an amusement park. I spent five years working at a booth (摊位) across from a(n) 1 comedian.
His name was Moonie. He was 2 amazing, and his act was done by using gestures instead of words. I remember watching his shows and always being 3 . Even when the audience wasn’t 4 , or he was having a bad day, he always 5 to keep things funny and fresh. That’s a very hard thing.
When I heard it would be his last year that he performed at the amusement park, I wanted to 6 him for all the amazing shows he had done. He was 7 with the crowd after his last show of the day. As each person dropped a 8 into his basket, he was pointing at them with a huge smile and saying “You’re the 9 !” to each one.
I 10 him and dropped a twenty-dollar bill into his basket. He turned to me, smiling very brightly, and said, “You’re the greatest!” I 11 him directly and stopped him, saying,“No, Moonie, you are the greatest! I have been 12 your shows for five years from that booth right over there. And I just want to say thank you for the years of amazing 13 that you have given me.”
The look on his face said that he was truly touched by that 14 . He asked to shake my hand. I accepted and we shared a moment of mutual (相互的) 15 and gratitude.
( )1. A. boring B. wonderful
C. strange D. honest
( )2. A. partly B. regularly
C. absolutely D. probably
( )3. A. entertained B. frightened
C. touched D. annoyed
( )4. A. performing B. hesitating
C. moving D. cooperating
( )5. A. managed B. failed
C. promised D. supported
( )6. A. admire B. memorize
C. inform D. thank
( )7. A. fighting B. shaking
C. standing D. arguing
( )8. A. card B. tip
C. ticket D. toy
( )9. A. greatest B. funniest
C. worst D. richest
( )10. A. persuaded B. patted
C. comforted D. approached
( )11. A. called on B. came across
C. talked with D. looked at
( )12. A. recording B. improving
C. watching D. learning
( )13. A. lessons B. games
C. shows D. lectures
( )14. A. question B. comment
C. wish D. story
( )15. A. humour B. respect
C. surprise D. belief
