Period Four Lesson 3 Understanding (Reading)
【课前自主探究】
Step 1 Fast reading
1. way/means 2. 17th 3. church 4. challenge 5. growing
6. changing 7. owe
Step 2 Careful reading
1—4 ACCD
Step 3 Summary
1. It 2. how 3. to find 4. analysis 5. us 6. wisdom
7. probably 8. who 9. conventional 10. is built
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1. (1)①to accept ②being read ③bringing
(2)to pay/paying a visit to the show
2. (1)①approval ②approving (2)①approve of you/your trying
②win/earn his manager’s approval
3. (1)①to take ②(should) be accelerated (2)a sudden urge to go
4. (1)①carrying ②abandoned ③with
(2)Abandoning themselves to the Internet games; Abandoned to the Internet games
5. (1)①assumption ②to be ③Assuming
(2)It is generally assumed that
6. (1)①Owing ②that (2)owe my success to my teacher
7. (1)beneficial (2)①benefit from/by new vocabulary
②for the benefit of
句型透视
(1)①that ②where
(2)①whether we had enough money to conduct the research
②that David eventually finished the racePeriod Four Lesson 3 Understanding (Reading)
Ⅰ. 1. shadow 2. vital 3. abandoned 4. mankind
Ⅱ. 1. approval 2. inefficient 3. conventional; to follow
4. to be visited 5. universal 6. assumption 7. wisdom
8. respected 9. beneficial 10. Obviously 11. to calm 12. ranked
Ⅲ. 1. owes/owed; to 2. was known as 3. put forward
4. To start with 5. get used to 6. approved of
Ⅳ. 1. It seemed that 2. that I wanted to quit 3. with his face turning red
Ⅴ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。Sheppard被确诊视力下降后,她并没有放弃自己的生活,她在社区教残疾人舞蹈,用实际行动告诉我们——不断前进,除非生命停止。
1. B 根据后文“…it would only get worse.”可知,此处指Sheppard视力下降。故选B。increase增加;decline下降;disappear消失;refresh使恢复精力。
2. B 根据前文“…and the doctor said it would only get worse.”可知,医生说她视力下降了,而且会变得越来越糟糕,所以她感到沮丧。故选B。confused困惑的;depressed沮丧的;embarrassed尴尬的;relieved如释重负的。
3. B 前文提到因为视力下降,她很难过,把自己锁在公寓里,所以此处指几个月后Sheppard强迫自己出去参加一个为视障人士举办的社交活动。故选B。 allow允许;force强迫;promise承诺;remind提醒。
4. D 根据后文“…when she found people there barely moved.”可知,因为那里的人一动不动,所以她感到恐惧。terror seized her表示“她突然感到恐惧”。故选D。shape塑造;bother烦扰;influence影响;seize(情绪)侵袭,突然控制。
5. A 根据前文“They all just sat there…”可知,那些人只是坐在那里,一动不动。故选A。still不动的,静止的;modest谦虚的,庄重的;silent沉默的;humble谦虚的,卑微的。
6. D 根据后文“That is not the way I want to live.”可知,那不是她想要的生活方式,由此可知,Sheppard在内心深处对那种生活方式是反对的。故选D。suspect怀疑;hesitate犹豫;complain抱怨;protest抗议,反对。
7. C 根据后文“…that she must do something to change that.”可知,此处指Sheppard第一反应是要改变那种状况。故选C。ambition抱负;imagination想象;reaction反应;assumption假设。
8. A 根据转折连词but可知,Sheppard申请教舞蹈的想法被拒绝了。故选A。turn down拒绝;send for派人去请;turn over翻转;take in欺骗。
9. B 因为他们都是视力受损的人,所以社区中心的人认为教学生舞蹈对他们来说太冒险了。故选B。 pricey昂贵的;risky冒险的;strange奇怪的;absurd荒谬的。
10. D 根据语境可知,一开始Visions的主管拒绝了Sheppard教舞蹈的请求,但是在她的再三请求下,主管最后同意了。故选D。 exactly确切地;definitely明确地;frequently经常地;eventually最终。
11. C 根据后文“…attracting more students than expected.”可知,她的课被证明很受欢迎。故选C。seem似乎;remain仍然是;prove证明;tend趋向。
12. A 因为Sheppard在社区教舞蹈,所以此处表示她教的不只是舞步。故选A。 instruct教,讲授;observe观察;claim宣称;preserve保存。
13. D 根据前文with constant encouragement可知,因为Sheppard鼓励残疾舞者,所以这帮助他们恢复了自信。故选D。 share分享;admire羡慕;assess评估;restore恢复。
14. A 根据后文“Just keep it moving unless life ceases.”可知,这是Sheppard给人们的建议。故选A。tip建议;comment评论;statement阐述;clue线索。
15. B 根据语境可知,此处指不管生活给你带来什么困难。throw at sb砸向某人。故选B。stare凝视;throw扔;laugh大笑;point指。
Ⅵ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何增加大脑中的“智慧量”。
1. C 根据上文“This world is filled with challenges. In order to survive in it, humans need to be wise. Wisdom provides you with perspectives when you are in terrible situations, which is like a beacon (灯塔) of hope in the darkness. However, you have to remember, this is a journey and not a destination.”以及文章后续的三个小标题可知,有很多方法使人变得更聪明。故C选项“这里有一些你可以用来变得更聪明的策略。”能够承上启下,符合语境。故选C。
2. E 根据上文“You will never grow from being in your comfort zone, which is why you need to get out of it.”可知,走出舒适区才是你获得智慧变得更聪明的有效途径。故E选项“这是你获得智慧并变得更好的唯一途径。”能够承接上文,符合语境。故选E。
3. D 根据上文“Always develop a sense of curiosity, and observe the world from different angles, which will facilitate your development.”可知,作者告诉人们要从不同的角度看问题。故D选项“永远不要把你的观点建立在最流行的观点上。”能够承接上文,符合语境。故选D。
4. A 根据本段内容“You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day; you must develop a thirst for knowledge. Take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and the list goes on and on. If something confuses you, surf the Internet and clear out your problems.”可知,本段的主旨是保持学习。故A选项“永远不要放弃学习。”适合做本段小标题,符合语境。故选A。
5. F 根据上文“Take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and the list goes on and on. If something confuses you, surf the Internet and clear out your problems.”可知,前面提到的这些活动都会提高你的批判性思维能力,最终你能够从不同的角度解决问题。故F选项“所有这些活动都会加强你的批判性思维能力。”能够承接上文,符合语境。故选F。
Ⅶ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了德国柏林的泰格尔机场将被改造成一个生态友好的绿色生活社区,官员们希望这将成为未来废弃机场的蓝图。
1. Covering 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,cover与逻辑主语the disused airport之间为主动关系,所以此处使用现在分词形式,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Covering。
2. ambitious 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,此处为形容词作定语修饰名词project,ambition的形容词为ambitious。故填ambitious。
3. was closed 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,根据时间状语a number of years ago可知,此处应使用一般过去时,结合句意可知,close与句子主语the airport之间为被动关系,且句子主语为第三人称单数。故填was closed。
4. Announced 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,announce与逻辑主语the Tegel Project之间为被动关系,且动作已经发生,此处使用过去分词形式,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Announced。
5. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以使用关系代词,先行词the new neighbourhood指物,所以使用关系代词which。故填which。
6. facilities 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知,此处为名词,facility为可数名词单数,空前无限定词,所以此处使用名词复数形式表泛指。故填facilities。
7. the 考查冠词。结合句意可知,此处指的是Tegel Project的周边区域,应为特指。故填the。
8. to relax 考查非谓词动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,结合句意可知,此处表示将要发生的动作,所以使用不定式形式。故填to relax。
9. like 考查介词。结合句意可知,空后的the kindergarten, bakery, school and supermarket为列举,介词like“像……”符合句意。故填like。
10. easily 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,此处为副词作状语修饰动词reached,easy的副词形式为easily。故填easily。Period Four Lesson 3 Understanding (Reading)
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
①obvious adj.显然的,明显的;易理解的 ②observe v.观察,遵守,庆祝 ③analysis n.分析 [1]It seems obvious① now how we acquire knowledge and understanding. To start with, we need questions. Then, to find answers, we observe② the world around us and study the facts. After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. [2]Although today we are more used to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to give us an answer, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problems with this type of analysis③—luckily for us. [1]画线部分为it作形式主语,how引导的主语从句作真正的主语。 [2]画线部分为although引导的让步状语从句,表示“尽管”。 今天,我们如何获取知识、认识世界,看起来是明显的。首先,我们需要问题。然后,为了寻找答案,我们观察我们周围的世界并研究事实。之后,我们思考可能的答案并逐个验证,以找到正确答案。尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎中敲几个关键词,然后等待因特网为我们提供答案,但当代科学家和思想家仍采用这种分析方式来解决问题——我们应该为此感到庆幸。
(续表)
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
④rank n.等级 ⑤royal adj.皇家的;王室的 ⑥inefficient adj.效率低的 ⑦worthy adj.有价值的;值得尊敬的 ⑧church n.教会;教堂 ⑨universe n.宇宙 ⑩primitive adj.原始的 BCE (before Common Era)公元前 approve vt.赞成;赞许;批准 urge vt.强烈要求;敦促 prison n.监狱 assumption n.假定,假设 respected adj.受尊敬的,受敬重的 However, in the 17th century [3]when Francis Bacon (1561—1626) suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the day. [4]Although Bacon held an important rank④ in King James’ royal⑤ court of England, his true interest was not the day-to-day, slow and inefficient⑥ working style of the government, but the worthy⑦ search for knowledge. This was certainly not the interest of most people in his days. At that time, people believed more in the church than in facts, and people like Galileo Galilei (1564—1642), [5]who proved the idea that “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”, were often punished by the church⑧ with no one coming to their defence. The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and didn’t want to challenge [6]what they had always comfortably believed. In fact, [7]when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe⑨, instead of believing him, people chose to believe views [8]that were almost 2,000 years old! [3]画线部分为when引导定语从句,修饰前面的the 17th century; that引导宾语从句,作suggested的宾语。 [4]画线部分为although引导的让步状语从句。 [5]画线部分为who引导的非限制性定语从句,补充说明前面的Galileo Galilei;that引导同位语从句,修饰idea。 [6]画线部分为what引导的宾语从句,作challenge的宾语。 [7]画线部分为when引导的时间状语从句;that引导宾语从句,作proved的宾语。 [8]画线部分为that引导的定语从句,修饰前面的views。 [9]It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these primitive⑩ ideas as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384—322 BC). He said [10]that the Earth must be the centre of the universe because it felt like the Earth was standing still. Galilei disagreed. At first, people approve of his studies and urge him to continue, but later [11]when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in priso. They didn’t want to abandon [12]what they’d always thought as true. And this is still often true today. People make the assumptio [13]that if someone important and respecte says that something is right, then it must be so. But [14]even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times. And Galilei also made mistakes. He is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed [15]that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle. He was wrong. 然而,在17世纪时,当弗朗西斯·培根(1561—1626)提出用这种思考方式获取知识时,他的观点与当时的观念背道而驰。尽管培根在英国国王詹姆斯的宫廷中位高权重,但他真正感兴趣的不是政府日复一日、拖拉、低效的工作作风,而是对知识的有价值的探索。当然,探索知识并不是那个时代大多数人的兴趣所在。那时人们相信教会胜过相信事实,像伽利略·伽利莱(1564—1642)那样证明了“地球不是宇宙中心”的人物,往往会被教会惩罚,也没有人会为他们辩护。教会和多数人一样往往忽视事实,不愿意去挑战自己一直以来深信不疑的东西。事实上,当伽利略证明地球不是宇宙的中心时,人们没有相信他,而是选择相信几乎2000年前的陈旧观点! 人们想相信伟大哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384—前322)提出的那些陈旧的观点并不奇怪。亚里士多德说地球是宇宙的中心,因为人们感觉地球是静止不动的。伽利略却不同意。起初人们认可他的研究成果,催促他继续研究,但是当他证实亚里士多德有错时,人们生气了,并把他送进监狱。他们并不想放弃自己一直认为正确的知识。如今这种现象也很常见。人们假定如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的,那么这件事一定是对的。但即使是亚里士多德这样曾鼓舞了无数科学家和哲学家的伟大人物,有时也会是错的。伽利略自己也犯过错误。虽然他现在被称为天文学之父,但他认为地球绕太阳旋转的轨迹是一个正圆。他错了。
(续表)
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
wisdom n.智慧 owe vt.有……是由于;把……归功于 shadow n.阴影 conventional adj.守旧的;传统的 kingdom n.王国 civilisation n.文明 vital adj.极其重要的,必不可少的 beneficial adj.有利的,有帮助的 mankind n.人类 [9]画线部分为it作形式主语,that后为真正主语;as引导原因状语从句。 [10]画线部分为that引导的宾语从句,作said的宾语;because引导原因状语从句。 [11]画线部分为when引导的时间状语从句。 [12]画线部分为what引导的宾语从句,作abandon的宾语。 [13]画线部分为that引导的同位语从句,说明前面assumption的具体内容;if引导条件状语从句;第二个that引导宾语从句,作says的宾语。 [14]画线部分为even though引导的让步状语从句,表示“即使,尽管”;who引导定语从句,修饰前面的a great man。 [15]画线部分为that引导的宾语从句,作believed的宾语。 Therefore, our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing. In other words, we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say, “We know it all.” We need to thank the great men of the past for their wisdo. They understood [16]that we don’t know everything and probably never will, for that would mean a world without questions. [16]画线部分为that引导的宾语从句,作understood的宾语。 We ow so much of our knowledge and understanding of the world to people like Bacon and Galilei, [17]who were brave enough to step out from the shadow of conventiona thought in order to find the kingdo of knowledge that today’s civilisatio is built upon. These men knew [18]that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vita to a man, and more beneficia to mankin, some might say, than all the money in the world. [17]画线部分为who引导的非限制性定语从句,补充说明前面的people like Bacon and Galilei;that引导定语从句,修饰前面的the kingdom of knowledge。 [18]画线部分为that引导的宾语从句,作knew的宾语。 [19]Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much. —Francis Bacon All truths are easy to understand [20]once they are discovered; the point is to discover them. —Galileo Galilei [19]画线部分为who引导的主语从句。 [20]画线部分为once引导的时间/条件状语从句,表示“一旦……”。 因此,我们对周围世界的认识在不断地增长和变化。换句话说,我们每天都在学习更多的知识,谁也不能停止学习并且说:“我什么都知道了。”我们需要感谢先辈伟人的智慧。他们早就知道,人不可能什么都懂,而且或许永远都不会知道所有的事情,因为那将意味着一个没有疑问的世界。 我们对世界的认识和理解,很大程度上要归功于培根和伽利略这样的人,为了找到构建当今文明的知识王国,他们勇敢地走出了传统思想的阴影。这些伟人懂得,知识和理解才是值得追求的;正如一些人所言,和全世界的金钱相比,这些对个人而言更重要,对全人类而言更有益。 文中名言: (1)多问,多学,多得。 ——弗朗西斯·培根 (2)所有的真理一旦被发现,都很容易理解。最难的是发现真理。 ——伽利略·伽利莱
Step 1 Fast reading
Read the passage on Pages 36—37 to divide the text into parts and summarize the main idea for each part.
Step 2 Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
( )1. What’s the very first step of Francis Bacon’s type of thinking
A. Raising questions.
B. Observing the world around us.
C. Testing for a right answer.
D. Thinking over the possible answers.
( )2. What’s the biggest contribution did Bacon and Galilei make
A. They proved Aristotle wrong.
B. They were known as the fathers of astronomy.
C. They fought for knowledge and understanding.
D. They persuaded people into believing in the truth.
( )3. What is the correct order to acquire knowledge and understanding according to the article
A. Observe→study→consider→find the right answers.
B. Question→find the right answers→observe→test.
C. Question→observe and study→consider and test→find the right answers.
D. Acquire the knowledge→understand→find the right answers→consider and test.
( )4. Which of the following may the writer support
A. The belief in a theory for it was proposed by an authority.
B. The thought that our world is stable.
C. The idea that our earth is the centre of the universe.
D. The way to acquire knowledge is to keep asking questions and respect truth.
Step 3 Summary
Read the text again and fill in the blanks.
1. seems obvious now 2. we acquire knowledge and understanding. To start with, we need questions. Then, 3. (find) answers, we observe the world around us and study the facts. After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. Modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problems with this type of 4. (analyse).
Our understanding of the world around 5. (we) is not unchanging. In other words, we learn more every day. We need to thank the great men of the past for their 6. (wise). They understood that we don’t know everything and 7. (probable) never will, as that would mean a world without questions. People like Bacon and Galilei provide so much knowledge and understanding of the world to us, 8. were brave enough to step out from the shadows of 9. (convention) thought in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today’s civilisation 10. (build) upon.
1. worthy adj.有价值的;值得尊敬的;值得……的;值得注意的
(教材P36) Although Bacon held an important rank in King James’ royal court of England, his true interest was not the day-to-day, slow and inefficient working style of the government, but the worthy search for knowledge.
尽管培根在英国国王詹姆斯的宫廷中位高权重,但他真正感兴趣的不是政府日复一日、拖拉、低效的工作作风,而是对知识的有价值的探索。
(1)be worthy of 值得……
sb be worthy to do sth 某人配做某事
sth be worthy of being done/to be done
某事值得被做
(2)worth adj. 值得的
be worth+钱数 值……钱
Sth be worth doing.=It is worth doing sth.
某事值得被做。
(3)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.
做某事是值得的。
[温馨提示] worth一般只作表语,可用程度词well修饰,be worth doing是主动形式表示被动意义;而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①She said she was not worthy (accept) the honour they had offered her.
②You just need to read four or five pages to know whether the book is worthy of (read).
③It may be worth (bring) up issues with your friends, family members, or classmates rather than holding them back.
(2)完成句子
It is worthwhile since it will offer you a deep insight into Chinese art culture.
参观这个展览是值得的,因为它能让你深入了解中国艺术文化。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
2. approve v.赞成,同意;批准;认可
(教材P37) At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison.
起初人们认可他的研究成果,催促他继续研究,但是后来当他证实亚里士多德有错时,人们生气了,并把他送进监狱。
(1)approve of 赞成;同意
disapprove of 不赞成;不同意;反对
(2)approval n. 赞成,同意;批准,通过;认可,赞赏
win/earn sb’s approval 赢得某人的赞许/认可
(3)approving adj. 满意的; 赞许的
[温馨提示] “赞成/同意某人做某事”不可说成approve sb to do sth,因为approve作“赞成,同意”讲时是不及物动词,所以应该用approve of sb/sb’s doing sth,其中介词of后应用动名词的复合结构。approve作及物动词时表示“(正式地)批准,认可,核准”。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①People who are low in confidence and unsure of themselves may be more likely to seek their peers’ (approve) by going along with risky suggestions or choosing the “wrong” path.
②He gave me an (approve) nod, eyes shining with amusement.
(2)完成句子
①I to earn some money by part-time jobs, but please don’t ignore your studies.
我同意你尝试通过兼职工作去挣一些钱,但是请不要忽视你的功课。(应用文写作之建议信)
②Tom works very hard at his new company, hoping to .
汤姆在新公司工作很努力,希望能获得他经理的认可。
3. urge v.敦促;强烈要求 n.强烈的欲望;冲动
(教材P37) At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison.
起初人们认可他的研究成果,催促他继续研究,但是后来当他证实亚里士多德有错时,人们生气了,并把他送进监狱。
(1)urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事
urge that… 敦促/强烈要求……
(从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略)
(2)have an urge to do sth 有做某事的欲望/冲动
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Parents should actively urge their children (take)advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
②The deadline of the scientific design competition was drawing near, so the monitor urged that our pace (accelerate).
(2)完成句子
Drawing great encouragement from the teacher, I had to the front to speak.
在老师的大力鼓励下,我突然有了去前面发表演讲的冲动。
4. abandon vt.抛弃,放弃,不再有;中止;舍弃
(教材P37)They didn’t want to abandon what they’d always thought as true.
他们并不想放弃自己一直认为正确的知识。
(1)abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to=be abandoned to
沉湎于……
(2)with abandon 纵情地;恣意地
(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①They abandoned (carry) out the original plan because of the lack of money.
②Soon they reached an (abandon) temple, where there once lived an old monk.
③The fans cheered abandon when their basketball team won.
(2)句式升级
Some students in college abandon themselves to the Internet games and even fail in the exam.
→ , some students in college even fail in the exam.(用现在分词改写)
→ , some students in college even fail in the exam.(用过去分词改写)
5. assumption n.假定,假设
(教材P37)People make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so.
人们假定如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的,那么这件事一定是对的。
(1)on/make the assumption that…
假定……,假设……
(2)assume vt. 假定,认为;承担(责任),
就(职);呈现
It is/was generally assumed that…
人们普遍认为……
assume sb/sth to be… 认为某人/某事为……
(3)assuming (that)… 假定……(作状语)
[温馨提示] assuming (that)…相当于一个表示“假设”的条件状语从句。类似的还有given that,provided that,providing that,supposing that等。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①We should prepare for the party on the (assume) that everyone invited will turn up.
②People often assume wealthy people (be) happy, but that’s not always the case.
③ (assume) that he’s still alive, how old would he be now
(2)完成句子
eating a balanced diet is important for maintaining good health.
人们普遍认为均衡饮食对保持健康很重要。(话题写
作之健康生活)
6. owe v.有……是由于;归因于,归功于;应该做;欠(钱、人情等)
(教材P37) We owe so much of our knowledge and understanding of the world to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave enough to step out from the shadows of conventional thought in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today’s civilisation is built upon.
我们对世界的认识和理解,很大程度上要归功于培根和伽利略这样的人,为了找到构建当今文明的知识王国,他们勇敢地走出了传统思想的阴影。
(1)owe sb sth=owe sth to sb欠某人某物
owe…to… 把……归功于……
owe it to sb/sth that… 将……归功于……
(it作形式宾语,that从句作真正的宾语)
(2)owing adj. 未付的,欠着的
(3)owing to 因为,由于
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
① (owe) to some reasons, the trade between the two nations is discontinued.
②I owed it to her guidance I made great progress in traditional art.
(2)完成句子
I , who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.
我把我的成功归功于我的老师,他是我写作道路上的灯塔。
7. beneficial adj.有利的,有帮助的
(教材P37)These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vital to a man, and more beneficial to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world.
这些伟人懂得,知识和理解才是值得追求的;正如一些人所言,和全世界的金钱相比,这些对个人而言更重要,对全人类而言更有益。
be beneficial to 对……有益
be of benefit to 对……有益
for one’s benefit(=for the benefit of sb)
为了某人的利益
benefit from/by 从……中受益
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
There is no evidence that the diet pills have any (benefit) effect on weight loss.
(2)完成句子
①Children for whom English is a second language can improve their English with the interesting context, and all children that is woven into the stories.
以英语为第二语言的儿童可以通过有趣的语境来提高他们的英语水平,所有的孩子都能从被编成故事的新词汇中受益。
②Personally speaking, it’s rewarding to explore the sea future generations.
就我个人而言,为了子孙后代的利益而探索海洋是值得的。
(教材P37)People make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so.人们假定如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的,那么这件事一定是对的。
同位语从句
句型公式
【句式点拨】
在idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt,assumption等名词后面, 用that或者连接代词、连接副词引导的从句被称为同位语从句。同位语从句是对从句前面的名词的解释,说明前面的名词的具体含义。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The idea computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
②We haven’t yet settled the question we are going to spend our summer vacation.
(2)完成句子
①The question came up at the meeting
.
会上提出了我们是否有足够的钱进行这项研究的问题。
②[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Not only were the audience and other students impressed by the fact , but also they admired him very much for his great determination.
观众和其他学生不仅对大卫最终完成比赛印象深刻,而且他们也非常钦佩他的决心。Period Four Lesson 3 Understanding (Reading)
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1. As the sun set, the tree cast a long (影子) on the ground, creating a beautiful and quiet atmosphere .
2. It is (极其重要的) to remain lifelong learners in a rapidly changing world.
3. Even in his darkest moments, however, Beethoven never (放弃) hope.
4. That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for (人类).
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1. It found many youngsters now measure their status by how much public (approve) they get online, often through “likes”.
2. The (efficient) distribution system has led to the loss of millions of tons of food.
3. Critical thinkers have the courage to challenge (convention) thinking while most of us tend (follow)it blindly.
4. The exhibition is worthy (visit) since it will offer you a deep insight into Chinese art culture.
5. The more we acknowledge the outstanding (universe) value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat them with respect .
6. On the (assume) that I am chosen to be the chairman of the Students’ Union, I will organize more colourful after-class activities to enrich our school life.
7. By reading books, we can attain the (wise) helping us solve practical problems in our daily life.
8. The programme brought his actions to public attention, and Winton became a (respect) figure around the world.
9. Although reading English news every day will take up some of my time, I feel that it will be (benefit) to improving my English.
10. (obvious), he is a promising young man full of positive attitudes towards the future.
11. He urged himself (calm) down, trying to make out what exactly was disturbing him.
12. Consistently (rank) by the United Nations as one of the best countries to live in, Canada always welcomes visitors worldwide.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1. Henry his academic achievement (归因于) the guidance and support of his teachers and parents.
2. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she (被称为) the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.
3. The proposals that you (提出) deserve serious consideration.
4. (首先), physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs.
5. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and (习惯于) being responsible for a lot more.
6. A couple of people objected to the proposal, but the vast majority (赞同) it.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1. everyone was getting cool presents from their friend except me.(it作形式主语)
似乎除了我,每个人都从他们的朋友那里得到了很酷的礼物。
2. I didn’t want to give them the impression .(同位语从句)
我不想让他们觉得我想放弃。
3. The fellow was now holding his throat .(with复合结构)
那个家伙现在正捂着喉咙,脸变得通红。
●Ⅴ 完形填空
Marion Sheppard had always been a keen dancer. However, she found her vision began to 1 in her 40s and the doctor said it would only get worse. She cried and felt 2 , locking herself in her apartment.
Then after several months, Sheppard 3 herself to step out to attend a social event for people with visual impairments (损伤). Terror 4 her when she found people there barely moved. They all just sat there, 5 and physically withdrawn. Deep down, she was 6 : “That is not the way I want to live.” Her immediate 7 was that she must do something to change that.
Sheppard asked at a Manhattan community centre run by Visions, an organization for the visually impaired, if she could teach line dancing there, but was 8 . They said it would be too 9 for the students. However, she insisted and 10 convinced the directors at Visions to let her teach line dancing on a volunteer basis. Her classes 11 to be very popular, attracting more students than expected. But what she 12 was more than dance steps. With constant encouragement, she also helped them 13 confidence and independence despite their disability. Just as Sheppard says, “We may be blind, but we’re doing our thing.”
Sheppard’s 14 for maintaining both physical and spiritual health, no matter what difficulty life may 15 at you, is simple: “Just keep it moving unless life ceases.”
( )1. A. increase B. decline
C. disappear D. refresh
( )2. A. confused B. depressed
C. embarrassed D. relieved
( )3. A. allowed B. forced
C. promised D. reminded
( )4. A. shaped B. bothered
C. influenced D. seized
( )5. A. still B. modest
C. silent D. humble
( )6. A. suspecting B. hesitating
C. complaining D. protesting
( )7. A. ambition B. imagination
C. reaction D. assumption
( )8. A. turned down B. sent for
C. turned over D. taken in
( )9. A. pricey B. risky
C. strange D. absurd
( )10. A. exactly B. definitely
C. frequently D. eventually
( )11. A. seemed B. remained
C. proved D. tended
( )12. A. instructed B. observed
C. claimed D. preserved
( )13. A. share B. admire
C. assess D. restore
( )14. A. tip B. comment
C. statement D. clue
( )15. A. stare B. throw
C. laugh D. point
●Ⅵ 阅读七选五
How to increase the “amount of wisdom”
in your brain
This world is filled with challenges. In order to survive in it, humans need to be wise. Wisdom provides you with perspectives when you are in terrible situations, which is like a beacon (灯塔) of hope in the darkness. However, you have to remember, this is a journey and not a destination. 1.
Try experiencing new opportunities.
Variety is the spice of life but experiencing new opportunities is also how you gain wisdom. You will never grow from being in your comfort zone, which is why you need to get out of it. 2. You can try learning new skills that are not on your bucket list (愿望清单).
Open yourself to diverse perspectives.
You have preferences which help you out, but you need to set them aside most of the time.You should be receptive to different views. Always develop a sense of curiosity, and observe the world from different angles, which will facilitate your development. 3. Train your mind to be a judgement-free space for ideas. If you are humble, then you will always get to experience something new.
4.
You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day; you must develop a thirst for knowledge. Take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and the list goes on and on. If something confuses you, surf the Internet and clear out your problems. 5. In the end, you will be able to tackle a problem from different angles, making everything easier.
Hence, when things get really intense and wild out there, you can always rely on your wisdom to make the best choices.
A. Never back away from learning.
B. Try to listen to educational items every day.
C. Here are some strategies that you can use to get wiser.
D. Never base your point of view on the most popular opinion.
E. This is the only way you will gain wisdom and become better.
F. All of these activities will strengthen your critical-thinking skills.
G. What you do all day will be able to help you acquire knowledge you want.
●Ⅶ 语法填空
Most old airports are usually torn down to make way for shiny new developments, although at huge cost, but not Tegel Airport, in Berlin, Germany. 1. (cover) an area of 5 million square metres, the disused airport will be transformed into an eco-friendly, green living neighbourhood, in an 2. (ambition) project that officials hope will become the blueprint for future disused airports.
After the airport 3. (close) down by the government a number of years ago, developers began imagining the high-reaching Tegel Project. 4. (announce) in 2017, the Tegel Project aims to address urban living issues such as car pollution and housing shortages. Vast open green spaces, bike roads and energy-efficient, affordable housing are just some of the features of the new neighbourhood, 5. will provide at least 5,000 homes for more than 10,000 people. Conveniences such as day care centres, schools, shopping 6. (facility) and green structures will be included in the design. A further 4,000 homes are also planned for 7. surrounding areas.
“We want to let people rediscover the public space, for socializing, playgrounds and places 8. (relax) and talk,” says Constanze Doll, spokesperson for the project. “Important locations 9. the kindergarten, bakery, school and supermarket can be 10. (easy) reached on foot.” (共63张PPT)
Period Four
Lesson 3 Understanding (Reading)
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
①obvious adj.显然 的，明显 的；易理 解的 今天，我们如
何获取知识、认识
世界，看起来是明
显的。首先，我们
需要问题。
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
②observe v.观察，遵守，庆祝 然后，为了寻找答
案，我们观察我们
周围的世界并研究
事实。之后，我们
思考可能的答案并
逐个验证，以找到
正确答案。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［2］Although today we are more used to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to give us an answer, 尽管我们现在更习
惯于在搜索引擎中
敲几个关键词，然
后等待因特网为我
们提供答案，
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
③analysis n.分析 但当代科学家和思
想家仍采用这种分
析方式来解决问
题——我们应该为
此感到庆幸。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
然而，在17世纪
时，当弗朗西斯·培根
(1561—1626)提出用
这种思考方式获取知
识时，他的观点与当
时的观念背道而驰。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
④rank n.等级 ⑤royal adj.皇 家的；王室的 ⑥inefficient adj.效率低的 ⑦worthy adj. 有价值的；值得 尊敬的 尽管培根在英国国王
詹姆斯的宫廷中位高
权重，但他真正感兴
趣的不是政府日复一
日、拖拉、低效的工
作作风，而是对知识
的有价值的探索。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
This was certainly not the interest of most people in his days. At that time, people believed more in the church than in facts, 当然，探索知识并
不是那个时代大多
数人的兴趣所在。
那时人们相信教会
胜过相信事实，
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
⑧church n.教会； 教堂 像伽利略·伽利莱
(1564—1642)那
样证明了“地球不
是宇宙中心”的人
物，往往会被教会
惩罚，也没有人会
为他们辩护。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and didn't want to challenge ［6］what they had always comfortably believed. 教会和多数人一样
往往忽视事实，不
愿意去挑战自己一
直以来深信不疑的
东西。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
⑨ universe n.宇宙 事实上，当伽利略
证明地球不是宇宙
的中心时，人们没
有相信他，而是选
择相信几乎2000年
前的陈旧观点！
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［4］画线部分为although引导的让步状语从句。 ［5］画线部分为who引导的非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面的Galileo Galilei；that引导同位语从句，修饰idea。 ［6］画线部分为what引导的宾语从句，作challenge的宾语。 ［7］画线部分为when引导的时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句，作proved的宾语。 ［8］画线部分为that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的views。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
⑩primitive adj.原始的 BCE (before Common Era)公元前 人们想相信伟大哲
学家亚里士多德
(公元前384—前322)提
出的那些陈旧的观点并
不奇怪。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
He said ［10］that the Earth must be the centre of the universe because it felt like the Earth was standing still. Galilei disagreed. 亚里士多德说地球
是宇宙的中心，因
为人们感觉地球是
静止不动的。伽利
略却不同意。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
approve vt.赞成；赞 许；批准 urge vt.强 烈要求；敦促 prison n. 监狱 起初人们认可他的研究
成果，催促他继续研
究，但是当他证实亚里
士多德有错时，人们生
气了，并把他送进监
狱。他们并不想放弃自
己一直认为正确的知
识。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
assumption n.假定，假设 respected adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的 如今这种现象也很
常见。人们假定如
果一个重要的、受
人尊敬的人说某件
事是对的，那么这
件事一定是对的。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
But ［14］even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times. 但即使是亚里士多
德这样曾鼓舞了无
数科学家和哲学家
的伟大人物，有时
也会是错的。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
And Galilei also made mistakes. He is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed ［15］that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle. He was wrong. ［9］画线部分为it作形式主语，that后为真正 主语；as引导原因状语从句。 伽利略自己也犯过
错误。虽然他现在
被称为天文学之
父，但他认为地球
绕太阳旋转的轨迹
是一个正圆。他错
了。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［10］画线部分为that引导的宾语从句，作 said的宾语；because引导原因状语从句。 ［11］画线部分为when引导的时间状语从句。 ［12］画线部分为what引导的宾语从句，作 abandon的宾语。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［13］画线部分为that引导的同位语从句，说 明前面assumption的具体内容；if引导条件状 语从句；第二个that引导宾语从句，作says的 宾语。 ［14］画线部分为even though引导的让步状 语从句，表示“即使，尽管”；who引导定语 从句，修饰前面的a great man。 ［15］画线部分为that引导的宾语从句，作 believed的宾语。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
Therefore, our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing. In other words, we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say, “We know it all.” 因此，我们对周围
世界的认识在不断地增
长和变化。换句话说，
我们每天都在学习更多
的知识，谁也不能停止
学习并且说：“我什么
都知道了。”
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
wisdom n.智慧 我们需要感谢先辈
伟人的智慧。他们
早就知道，人不可
能什么都懂，而且
或许永远都不会知
道所有的事情，因
为那将意味着一个
没有疑问的世界。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
owe vt.有…… 是由于；把……归 功于 我们对世界的认
识和理解，很大程度
上要归功于培根和伽
利略这样的人，
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
shadow n.阴影 conventional adj.守旧的；传统的 kingdom n. 王国 civilisation n. 文明 为了找到构建当今文
明的知识王国，他们
勇敢地走出了传统思
想的阴影。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
vital adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的 beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的 mankind n.人类 这些伟人懂得，知
识和理解才是值得
追求的；正如一些
人所言，和全世界
的金钱相比，这些
对个人而言更重
要，对全人类而言
更有益。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［17］画线部分为who引导的非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面的people like Bacon and Galilei；that引导定语从句，修饰前面的the kingdom of knowledge。 ［18］画线部分为that引导的宾语从句，作knew的宾语。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［19］Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much. —Francis Bacon All truths are easy to understand ［20］once they are discovered; the point is to discover them. —Galileo Galilei ［19］画线部分为who引导的主语从句。 ［20］画线部分为once引导的时间/条件状 语从句，表示“一旦……”。 文中名言：
(1)多问，多学，多
得。
——弗朗西斯·培根
(2)所有的真理一旦
被发现，都很容易
理解。最难的是发
现真理。
——伽利略·伽利莱
续表
Step 1 Fast reading
Read the passage on Pages 36—37 to divide the text into parts
and summarize the main idea for each part.
way/means
17
church
challenge
growing
changing
owe
Step 2 Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
( ) 1.What's the very first step of Francis Bacon's type of
thinking
A
A.Raising questions.
B.Observing the world around us.
C.Testing for a right answer.
D.Thinking over the possible answers.
( ) 2.What's the biggest contribution did Bacon and Galilei
make
C
A.They proved Aristotle wrong.
B.They were known as the fathers of astronomy.
C.They fought for knowledge and understanding.
D.They persuaded people into believing in the truth.
( ) 3.What is the correct order to acquire knowledge and
understanding according to the article
C
A.Observe→study→consider→find the right answers.
B.Question→find the right answers→observe→test.
C.Question→observe and study→consider and test→find the right
answers.
D.Acquire the knowledge→understand→find the right
answers→consider and test.
( ) 4.Which of the following may the writer support
D
A.The belief in a theory for it was proposed by an authority.
B.The thought that our world is stable.
C.The idea that our earth is the centre of the universe.
D.The way to acquire knowledge is to keep asking questions and
respect truth.
Step 3 Summary
Read the text again and fill in the blanks.
1.___ seems obvious now 2._______ we acquire knowledge and
understanding. To start with, we need questions. Then,
3.__________(find) answers, we observe the world around us and
study the facts. After that, we consider possible answers and test
each to find the right ones. Modern scientists and thinkers are still
solving the world's problems with this type of 4.___________(analyse).
It
how
to find
analysis
Our understanding of the world around 5.____(we) is not
unchanging. In other words, we learn more every day. We need to
thank the great men of the past for their 6.___________(wise). They
understood that we don't know everything and 7.____________
(probable) never will, as that would mean a world without questions. People like Bacon and Galilei provide so much
knowledge and understanding of the world to us, 8._______ were
brave enough to step out from the shadows of 9._________________
(convention) thought in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today's civilisation 10.__________(build) upon.
us
wisdom
probably
who
conventional
is built
1.worthy adj.有价值的；值得尊敬的;值得……的;值得注意的
(教材P36) Although Bacon held an important rank in King James'
royal court of England, his true interest was not the day-to-day,
slow and inefficient working style of the government, but the
worthy search for knowledge.
尽管培根在英国国王詹姆斯的宫廷中位高权重，但他真正感兴趣的不是政府日
复一日、拖拉、低效的工作作风，而是对知识的有价值的探索。
(1)be worthy of 值得……
sb be worthy to do sth 某人配做某事
sth be worthy of being done/to be done 某事值得被做
(2)worth adj. 值得的
be worth+钱数 值……钱
Sth be worth doing.=It is worth doing sth. 某事值得被做。
(3)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 做某事是值得的。
［温馨提示］worth一般只作表语,可用程度词well修饰,be worth doing是主
动形式表示被动意义;而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①She said she was not worthy _____________(accept) the honour
they had offered her.
②You just need to read four or five pages to know whether the
book is worthy of _______________(read).
③It may be worth ____________(bring) up issues with your friends,
family members, or classmates rather than holding them back.
to accept
being read
bringing
(2)完成句子
It is worthwhile __________________________________________ since it
will offer you a deep insight into Chinese art culture.
参观这个展览是值得的,因为它能让你深入了解中国艺术文化。(应用文写作之
演讲稿)
to pay/paying a visit to the show
2. approve v.赞成,同意;批准;认可
(教材P37) At first, people approved of his studies and urged him
to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew
angry and put him in prison.
起初人们认可他的研究成果，催促他继续研究，但是后来当他证实亚里士多德
有错时，人们生气了，并把他送进监狱。
(1)approve of 赞成;同意
disapprove of 不赞成;不同意;反对
(2)approval n. 赞成,同意;批准,通过；认可,赞赏
win/earn sb's approval 赢得某人的赞许/认可
(3)approving adj. 满意的; 赞许的
［温馨提示］“赞成/同意某人做某事”不可说成approve sb to do sth,因
为approve作“赞成,同意”讲时是不及物动词,所以应该用approve of
sb/sb's doing sth,其中介词of后应用动名词的复合结构。approve作及物动
词时表示“(正式地)批准,认可,核准”。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①People who are low in confidence and unsure of themselves may
be more likely to seek their peers' ____________(approve) by going
along with risky suggestions or choosing the “wrong” path.
approval
②He gave me an _____________(approve) nod, eyes shining with
amusement.
approving
(2)完成句子
①I __________________________________ to earn some money by
part-time jobs, but please don't ignore your studies.
我同意你尝试通过兼职工作去挣一些钱,但是请不要忽视你的功课。
(应用文写作之建议信)
approve of you/your trying
②Tom works very hard at his new company, hoping to
_________________________________________.
汤姆在新公司工作很努力，希望能获得他经理的认可。
win/earn his manager's approval
3. urge v.敦促;强烈要求 n.强烈的欲望;冲动
(教材P37) At first, people approved of his studies and urged him
to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew
angry and put him in prison.起初人们认可他的研究成果，催促他继续研
究，但是后来当他证实亚里士多德有错时，人们生气了，并把他送进监狱。
(1)urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事
urge that… 敦促/强烈要求……(从句谓语动词用
“should+动词原形”, should可以省略)
(2)have an urge to do sth 有做某事的欲望/冲动
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Parents should actively urge their children __________(take)
advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
to take
②The deadline of the scientific design competition was drawing
near, so the monitor urged that our pace _________________________
______________(accelerate).
(should) be accelerated
(2)完成句子
Drawing great encouragement from the teacher, I had
___________________________ to the front to speak.
在老师的大力鼓励下，我突然有了去前面发表演讲的冲动。
a sudden urge to go
4. abandon vt.抛弃，放弃，不再有；中止；舍弃
(教材P37)They didn't want to abandon what they'd always thought
as true.
他们并不想放弃自己一直认为正确的知识。
(1)abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to=be abandoned to 沉湎于……
(2)with abandon 纵情地;恣意地
(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①They abandoned ___________(carry) out the original plan because
of the lack of money.
②Soon they reached an _______________(abandon) temple, where
there once lived an old monk.
③The fans cheered _______ abandon when their basketball team
won.
carrying
abandoned
with
(2)句式升级
Some students in college abandon themselves to the Internet
games and even fail in the exam.
→__________________________________________________________, some
students in college even fail in the exam.(用现在分词改写)
→___________________________________________, some students in
college even fail in the exam.(用过去分词改写)
Abandoning themselves to the Internet games
Abandoned to the Internet games
5. assumption n.假定，假设
(教材P37)People make the assumption that if someone important
and respected says that something is right, then it must be so.
人们假定如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么这件事一定是
对的。
(1)on/make the assumption that… 假定……,假设……
(2)assume vt. 假定,认为;承担(责任),就(职);呈现
It is/was generally assumed that… 人们普遍认为……
assume sb/sth to be… 认为某人/某事为……
(3)assuming (that)… 假定……(作状语)
［温馨提示］assuming (that)…相当于一个表示“假设”的条件状语从句。
类似的还有given that,provided that,providing that,supposing that等。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①We should prepare for the party on the _______________(assume)
that everyone invited will turn up.
②People often assume wealthy people ________(be) happy, but
that's not always the case.
③_____________(assume) that he's still alive, how old would he be
now
assumption
to be
Assuming
(2)完成句子
___________________________________ eating a balanced diet is
important for maintaining good health.
人们普遍认为均衡饮食对保持健康很重要。(话题写作之健康生活)
It is generally assumed that
6. owe v.有……是由于;归因于,归功于;应该做;欠(钱、人情等)
(教材P37) We owe so much of our knowledge and understanding
of the world to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave
enough to step out from the shadows of conventional thought in
order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today's civilisation is
built upon.
我们对世界的认识和理解，很大程度上要归功于培根和伽利略这样的人，为了
找到构建当今文明的知识王国，他们勇敢地走出了传统思想的阴影。
(1)owe sb sth=owe sth to sb 欠某人某物
owe…to… 把……归功于……
owe it to sb/sth that… 将……归功于……(it作形式宾语,
that从句作真正的宾语)
(2)owing adj. 未付的,欠着的
(3)owing to 因为,由于
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①_________(owe) to some reasons, the trade between the two
nations is discontinued.
②I owed it to her guidance ______ I made great progress in
traditional art.
Owing
that
(2)完成句子
I _______________________________________, who is a beacon in my
life on the road to writing.
我把我的成功归功于我的老师，他是我写作道路上的灯塔。
owe my success to my teacher
7. beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的
(教材P37)These men knew that knowledge and understanding are
things to fight for; more vital to a man, and more beneficial to
mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world.
这些伟人懂得，知识和理解才是值得追求的；正如一些人所言，和全世界的金
钱相比，这些对个人而言更重要，对全人类而言更有益。
be beneficial to 对……有益
be of benefit to 对……有益
for one's benefit(=for the benefit of sb) 为了某人的利益
benefit from/by 从……中受益
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
There is no evidence that the diet pills have any
_____________(benefit) effect on weight loss.
beneficial
(2)完成句子
①Children for whom English is a second language can improve
their English with the interesting context, and all children
________________________________________ that is woven into the
stories.
以英语为第二语言的儿童可以通过有趣的语境来提高他们的英语水平,所有的孩
子都能从被编成故事的新词汇中受益。
benefit from/by new vocabulary
②Personally speaking, it's rewarding to explore the sea
_______________________ future generations.
就我个人而言，为了子孙后代的利益而探索海洋是值得的。
for the benefit of
(教材P37)People make the assumption that if someone important
and respected says that something is right, then it must be so.
人们假定如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么这件事一定是
对的。
句型公式
同位语从句
【句式点拨】
在idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt，assumption等名词后
面, 用that或者连接代词、连接副词引导的从句被称为同位语从句。同位语从
句是对从句前面的名词的解释,说明前面的名词的具体含义。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The idea ______ computers can recognize human voices surprises
many people.
②We haven't yet settled the question _________ we are going to
spend our summer vacation.
that
where
(2)完成句子
①The question came up at the meeting ___________________________
________________________________________________.
会上提出了我们是否有足够的钱进行这项研究的问题。
whether we had enough money to conduct the research
②[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Not only were the audience and
other students impressed by the fact ______________________________
_____________________, but also they admired him very much for his
great determination.
观众和其他学生不仅对大卫最终完成比赛印象深刻，而且他们也非常钦佩他的
决心。
that David eventually finished the race
