Period Three Lesson 2 Questions about Media
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1. (1)as (2)①to advertise for
②advertisement on the Internet
2. (1)①witnessing ②have witnessed ③to
(2)①a witness to your hard work
②The past few years have witnessed/seen great changes
3. (1)①coming ②where ③on
(2)①n.污渍 ②v.发现,注意到 ③n.位置,地点
(3)spotted with twinkling/shining stars
句型透视
1. (1)①stands/stood ②lies
(2)①goes the last train ②Down came the rain
2. (1)①reading ②Being praised ③trying
(2)①Working under such conditions ②Their coming to helpPeriod Three Lesson 2 Questions about Media
Ⅰ. 1. witnessed 2. uploaded 3. spot 4. recording
Ⅱ. 1. advertisement 2. interactive 3. obviously 4. limited
5. to save 6. has been
Ⅲ. 1. on the spot 2. cut; out 3. A number of 4. As a result
5. pay attention to
Ⅳ. 1. Last Sunday witnessed 2. with an uneasy expression on his face 3. Looking out of the window 4. It is generally believed that
Ⅴ. A
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了在数字时代,社交媒体用户为什么容易陷入假新闻的陷阱,以及如何通过一款名为ChamberBreaker的游戏来识别和抵制网络上的回声室效应。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“We all tend to agree with the group opinion. Hence, people naturally get together with others who hold the same opinion…”可知,在线回声室会聚集持有相同观点的个体。故选B项。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The fundamental approach employed by ChamberBreaker centres around a decision-making procedure that mirrors the creation of echo chambers…To begin with, the player is randomly assigned a situation that focuses on a health, political or environmental issue, and is presented with six pieces of news on that topic. Then, the player selects news that could cause the other members to fall into an echo chamber while at the same time maintaining their trust.”可知,ChamberBreaker应对回声室效应的核心方法是新闻选择策略。故选C项。
3. A 细节理解题。根据第四段“After developing ChamberBreaker, researchers tested it with over 800 subjects to see if it raised awareness of echo chambers and changed news consumption behaviours. The researchers found that those who played ChamberBreaker were significantly more likely to state their intention to observe online information from more diverse perspectives and showed an increased awareness of the echo chamber phenomenon.”可知,科学测试的结果可以显示ChamberBreaker的有效性。故选A项。
4. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The application of tools like ChamberBreaker, which focuses on fostering analytical reasoning, may lead us towards a more informed online community.”可知,玩ChamberBreaker的长期效应可能是增强批判性思维。故选D项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了陷入数字生活的代价。
5. C 推理判断题。根据第二段“To use a theatrical metaphor(隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we can each create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and project a more perfect self to the world.”可知,新的交流工具让人们隐藏自己的不完美。故选C。
6. C 推理判断题。根据第二段“By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism.”可知,新的交流工具让人们产生了错误的心理感知。故选C。
7. A 推理判断题。根据第三段“So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of e-mail and where love can start or end by text-messaging. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges.”可知,科技改变了人与人之间的社会关系。故选A。
8. B 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them.”,第二段“By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism.”和第三段“So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of e-mail and where love can start or end by text-messaging. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges.”可知,这篇文章主要介绍了陷入数字生活的代价。故选B。
Ⅵ. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现,每天接触电子屏幕超过一小时的幼儿园儿童,无论看什么内容,心理健康风险都会显著增加,而且随着屏幕接触时间的增加,风险会加剧。
1. to 考查介词。be exposed to意为“接触……”,to是介词。故填to。
2. significant 考查形容词。分析句子成分可知,空处应用形容词significant“显著的”修饰空后的名词increase。故填significant。
3. conducted 考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,被修饰词the study和动词conduct之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填conducted。
4. watching 考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,被修饰词children和动词watch之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式。故填watching。
5. greater 考查形容词比较级。根据空后的“…than those who watch educational programmes.”可判断,空处为形容词比较级。故填greater。
6. which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the research,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,用关系代词which引导。故填which。
7. was published 考查动词时态、语态以及主谓一致。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语early this month可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语a paper和动词publish之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态,主语是单数,be动词使用was。故填was published。
8. to find 考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作目的状语,表示“为了……”,用动词不定式形式。故填to find。
9. a 考查冠词。空处修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指,用不定冠词,standard的发音以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
10. devices 考查名词复数。根据句意可推测,此处表示泛指,应用名词的复数形式。故填devices。Period Three Lesson 2 Questions about Media
1. advertise v.为……做广告,宣传;公布,征聘
(教材P56) Fewer people and companies chose to advertise in the newspaper.
选择在报纸上做广告的人和公司越来越少。
(1)advertise for sth/sb 公布某事/征聘某人
be advertised as 被宣传为……
(2)advertisement/ad n. 广告
an advertisement for ……的广告
(3)advertising n. 广告(业)
advertiser n. 广告商
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
The place of interest has been advertised one of the magic places in the world recently.
(2)完成句子
①You should use professional association websites and magazines professional staff.
你应该利用专业的协会网站和杂志征聘专业人才。
②I am writing to apply to be a volunteer in response to your .
看到你们在网上刊登的广告,我写这封信是想申请成为一名志愿者。(应用文写作之申请信)
2. witness vt.亲身经历;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人
(教材P115)Some sites are bringing the news directly from the people who are experiencing or witnessing it, on the spot of a car accident for example.
一些网站直接从正在经历或目睹车祸的人那里获得新闻,例如车祸现场。
(1)witness sth 目击某事
(2)be (a) witness to 是……的目击者; 目击, 看见
give witness to 为……作证/证明
[温馨提示] witness作动词时, 常用拟人化的方式陈述事实, 用事物名词直接作主语, 表述既简洁又形象。用法类似的动词还有see, find等。
【佳句背诵】
(1)In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
在日本,看到另一个人用这个手势的人可能认为这是钱的意思。
(2)The ancient and beautiful Silk Road is a witness to the Sino-European exchanges over thousands of years.
古老而美丽的“丝绸之路”见证了中欧数千年来的交往。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·全国甲卷] From seeing the wildlife to (witness) sunrises, the whole experience was amazing.
②Thanks to the Internet, we (witness) the most important change in our lifestyles in the past 100 years.
③His good health is a witness the success of the treatment.
(2)完成句子
①Your success in the competition is .
你在比赛中的成功是你努力的见证。(应用文写作之
祝贺信)
② in my hometown, which makes me exactly proud.(无灵主语句)
在过去的几年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化,这让我非常自豪。
3. spot n.地点,处所;斑点;污迹 vt.发现,看见
(教材P115) Some sites are bringing the news directly from the people who are experiencing or witnessing it, on the spot of a car accident for example.
一些网站直接从正在经历或目睹车祸的人那里获得新闻,例如车祸现场。
(1)on the spot 当场;在现场;在原地
put sb on the spot 使某人难堪
(2)spot sb/sth doing sth 发现某人/某物在做某事
(3)spotted adj. 有斑点的;有花点的
be spotted with 满是……斑点
[温馨提示] spot 作先行词,表示“地点,处所”时,若后面定语从句中的关系词在句中作地点状语,则关系词应用where。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Neighbours spotted smoke (come) out of the house.
②He showed me the exact spot he had asked her to marry him.
③You really put me the spot by asking me to apologize before so many people.
(2)一词多义
①Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove.
②I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence.
③She stood rooted to the spot with fear.
(3)完成句子
We lay on the grass, staring at the night sky .
我们躺在草地上,凝视着布满闪烁星星的夜空。(读后
续写之动作描写)
1. (教材P115) I have collected a number of questions from our website. Here is the first question.我从我们的网站上收集了一些问题。这是第一个问题。
完全倒装句
句型公式
【归纳拓展】
完全倒装四条件:
(1)表示方位或时间的副词,如here, there, in, out, up, down, away, now, then等或表示方位的介词短语置于句首;
(2)谓语动词是be, lie, come, go, stand等动词;
(3)时态为一般现在时或一般过去时;
(4)句子的主语是名词(若句子的主语是代词,则主谓不倒装)。
[温馨提示] 完全倒装句中谓语动词的单复数要和其后的主语保持一致。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Between the two buildings (stand) a tall pine.
②In the middle of the woods (lie) a deep lake, where you can find various fishes.
(2)完成句子
①There , so you have to put up in the hotel tonight.
最后一班火车开走了,所以你今晚得在旅馆里过夜。
② and up went the umbrellas.
下雨了,伞都撑起来了。(读后续写之场景描写)
2. (教材P116) Due to the limited ways to find out the most up-to-date news in those days, watching the evening news became a kind of common practice for many families.在那些日子里,由于了解最新新闻的方式有限,看晚间新闻成为许多家庭的一种常见做法。
动词-ing形式作主语
句型公式
【归纳拓展】
(1)动词-ing形式作主语时常放于句首,被动形式为being done, 谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:
Learning to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need in the future.
学会批判性地思考是当今孩子们在未来需要的一项重要技能。
Being treated as a child is what I dislike most.
我最不喜欢被当作孩子对待。
(2)不定式和动词-ing形式都可以作主语,但有区别:
动词-ing形式表示一般性的、泛指的或者具体发生过的动作或状态,而不定式则表示一次性的或未完成的动作,或者用于某些与形容词搭配构成的句型中。如:
Driving a car on crowded roads during the rush hour is tiring.
在交通高峰期的繁忙路段开车令人疲劳。
To finish the tough task will take a long time.
要完成这项棘手的任务将要花费很长时间。
It is bad for your health to swim in this polluted river.
在这条被污染的河里游泳对你的健康不利。
(3)动词-ing形式作主语有两种形式:
①大部分动词-ing形式直接置于句首主语的位置上。如:
Playing tricks on others is something we should never do.
捉弄别人是我们万万不应该做的。
②在某些句型中,习惯上用形式主语it,把真正的主语——动词-ing结构——放到句尾。如:
It’s worth making the effort to make the attempt.
努力做这个尝试是值得的。
(4)当动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。如:
My sister’s being ill suddenly made me worried from the bottom of my heart.
我姐姐的突然生病使我从内心深处感到担忧。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is agreed that (read) widely is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.
② (praise) by his teachers made him regain the confidence.
③It’s no use (try) to argue with him, because he can’t change his mind.
(2)完成句子
① is not a pleasure but a kind of suffering.
在这种条件下工作不是一件愉快的事,而是一种折磨。
② was a great encouragement to us.
他们前来援助极大地鼓舞了我们。Period Three Lesson 2 Questions about Media
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1. Last Sunday (见证) an extraordinary cross-country running race.
2. I (上传) the file as soon as I had finished working on it.
3. One truly unique scenic (地点) in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing over its edge in a splendid display of sights and sounds.
4. I bought a (录制品)of Maria Callas singing Verdi.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1. The job (advertise) demands that any applicant should have at least three years’ experience.
2. The museum has an (interact) computer network that explains basic scientific themes .
3. Billions of people in different parts of the world have joined it already, and (obvious)many more will follow.
4. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realize that our planet’s resources are (limit).
5. Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive, I find it hard (save) any money.
6. In the past few decades, there (be) a dramatic increase in the number of people studying abroad.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1. Not only will all kinds of paper-cutting works be on display, but the craftsmen will show visitors how to cut paper into different shapes (在现场).
2. Since my heart attack, I’ve fatty foods (停止) altogether.
3. (许多) the satellites record data on land and weather patterns.
4. Our flight was held up by fog. (结果), I was late for an important meeting.
5. Our English teacher often reminds us to (注意) our handwriting.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1. a friendly basketball match between students and teachers in our school, which is aimed at enriching students’ extracurricular life.
上周日在我校见证了一场师生篮球友谊赛,旨在丰富学生的课外生活。
2. Entering the room, James found his younger brother Adam sitting on the edge of his bed .(with复合结构)
走进房间,詹姆斯发现他的弟弟亚当正坐在床边,脸上露出不安的表情。
3. , I found the view here was very amazing.(分词作状语)
向窗外望去,我发现这儿的景色非常令人惊叹。
4. good health is the key to a happy life and a successful career.(it作形式主语)
人们普遍认为健康是生活幸福的关键,也是事业成功的关键。
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
A
In today’s digital era, social media users are increasingly coming across fake news online. This leads to the pressing issue: What causes people to fall for misinformation on the Internet
According to researchers at the Penn State College of Information Sciences and Technology, users can easily fall into an echo chamber (回声室)—a sort of virtual space where users consume only one-sided news, eventually distrusting any opposing views. “We all tend to agree with the group opinion. Hence, people naturally get together with others who hold the same opinion,” said Dongwon Lee, one of the researchers. “But if you’re not cautious, there is a high risk of falling into an echo chamber.”
To prevent this phenomenon, the researchers have crafted a novel tool, a game named ChamberBreaker, to help players resist echo chambers and reduce the rate of fake news’ spread. The fundamental approach employed by ChamberBreaker centres around a decision-making procedure that mirrors the creation of echo chambers. In ChamberBreaker, a player is tasked with trying to have community members fall into an echo chamber. To begin with, the player is randomly assigned a situation that focuses on a health, political or environmental issue, and is presented with six pieces of news on that topic. Then, the player selects news that could cause the other members to fall into an echo chamber while at the same time maintaining their trust. If it is successful, the community members will fall into an echo chamber and the player will witness the resulting negative effects on the community.
After developing ChamberBreaker, researchers tested it with over 800 subjects to see if it raised awareness of echo chambers and changed news consumption behaviours. The researchers found that those who played ChamberBreaker were significantly more likely to state their intention to observe online information from more diverse perspectives and showed an increased awareness of the echo chamber phenomenon.
Ultimately, the researchers hope that their methodology can excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study related to information consumption. The application of tools like ChamberBreaker, which focuses on fostering analytical reasoning, may lead us towards a more informed online community.
( )1. What can be learned about an online echo chamber
A. It encourages well-judged views.
B. It gathers like-minded individuals.
C. It functions as a virtual reality platform.
D. It serves as a tool for identifying fake information.
( )2. What is ChamberBreaker’s core method against echo chambers
A. Assignment of situations.
B. Trust-building exercises.
C. News selection strategy.
D. Community impact assessment.
( )3. Which of the following can show ChamberBreaker’s effectiveness
A. The results of scientific testing.
B. The theoretical framework of the game.
C. The description of the game procedures.
D. The common challenges faced during gameplay.
( )4. What is the likely long-term effect of playing ChamberBreaker
A. Reducing news inquiry.
B. Encouraging passive reading.
C. Strengthening prejudiced views.
D. Enhancing critical thinking.
B
Nowadays, the world is slowly becoming a high-tech society and we are now surrounded by technology. Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text-messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail. Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them.
Social media, texting and e-mail all make it much easier to communicate, gather and pass information, but they also present some dangers. By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism. To use a theatrical metaphor (隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we can each create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and project a more perfect self to the world. As we become more reliant on these tools, they become more a part of our daily routine, and so we become more restricted in this fantasy.
So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of e-mail and where love can start or end by text-messaging. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges.
Would a celebrity have been so daring to do something dishonourable if he had had to do it in person Doubtful. It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations, as if he could continually push the limits of what’s acceptable without facing the consequences of “real life”.
( )5. What can we know about new communication tools
A. Destroying our life totally.
B. Posing more dangers than good.
C. Helping us to hide our faults.
D. Replacing traditional letters.
( )6. What is the potential threat caused by the novel communication tools
A. Sheltering us from virtual life.
B. Removing face-to-face interaction.
C. Leading to false mental perception.
D. Making us rely more on hi-tech media.
( )7. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3
A. Technologies have changed our relationships.
B. The digital world is a recipe for pushing limits.
C. Love can be better conveyed by text-messaging.
D. The digital self need not take responsibility.
( )8. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Addiction to the virtual world
B. Cost of falling into digital life
C. Interpersonal skills on the Net
D. The future of social media
●Ⅵ 语法填空
A recent study found that kindergarten children who are exposed 1. electronic screens for more than an hour a day have a 2. (significance) increase in mental health risk regardless of the content viewed, and the risk worsens as the duration of screen exposure increases.
According to the study 3. (conduct) by experts from the Shanghai Children’s Medical Centre Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, children 4. (watch) entertainment and non-child-directed programmes have 5. (great) mental health risks than those who watch educational programmes.
A paper about the research, 6. involved nearly 16,000 kindergarten children from Shanghai for three continuous years, 7. (publish) on the website of the journal JAMA Pediatrics early this month.
The new study was designed 8. (find) whether the associations between excessive screen time and mental health risks differ by the content viewed. Screen exposure time was collected when the children were aged 3, 5 and 6, and their mental health was reported by parents using 9. standard questionnaire. Experts reminded parents and guardians that children under 2 should only use electronic 10. (device) to conduct video calls when necessary. They also suggested that for children between 2 and 5, parents should accompany and communicate with them when they are in front of screens. (共23张PPT)
Period Three
Lesson 2 Questions about Media
语言知识梳理
1. advertise v.为……做广告,宣传;公布,征聘
(教材P56) Fewer people and companies chose to advertise in the
newspaper.
选择在报纸上做广告的人和公司越来越少。
(1)advertise for sth/sb 公布某事/征聘某人
be advertised as 被宣传为……
(2)advertisement/ad n. 广告
an advertisement for ……的广告
(3)advertising n. 广告(业)
advertiser n. 广告商
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
The place of interest has been advertised ____ one of the magic
places in the world recently.
as
(2)完成句子
①You should use professional association websites and magazines
____________________ professional staff.
你应该利用专业的协会网站和杂志征聘专业人才。
to advertise for
②I am writing to apply to be a volunteer in response to your
______________________________________.
看到你们在网上刊登的广告，我写这封信是想申请成为一名志愿者。
(应用文写作之申请信)
advertisement on the Internet
2. witness vt.亲身经历;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人
(教材P115)Some sites are bringing the news directly from the
people who are experiencing or witnessing it, on the spot of a car
accident for example.
一些网站直接从正在经历或目睹车祸的人那里获得新闻，例如车祸现场。
(1)witness sth 目击某事
(2)be (a) witness to是…… 的目击者; 目击, 看见
give witness to 为……作证/证明
［温馨提示］witness作动词时, 常用拟人化的方式陈述事实, 用事物名词直接
作主语, 表述既简洁又形象。用法类似的动词还有see, find等。
【佳句背诵】
(1)In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the
gesture might think it means money.
在日本,看到另一个人用这个手势的人可能认为这是钱的意思。
(2)The ancient and beautiful Silk Road is a witness to the Sino-
European exchanges over thousands of years.
古老而美丽的“丝绸之路”见证了中欧数千年来的交往。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·全国甲卷] From seeing the wildlife to ______________(witness)
sunrises, the whole experience was amazing.
②Thanks to the Internet, we ____________________(witness) the most
important change in our lifestyles in the past 100 years.
③His good health is a witness ____ the success of the treatment.
witnessing
have witnessed
to
(2)完成句子
①Your success in the competition is _______________________________
______.
你在比赛中的成功是你努力的见证。(应用文写作之祝贺信)
a witness to your hard work
②__________________________________________________________________
__________ in my hometown, which makes me exactly proud.
(无灵主语句)
在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化，这让我非常自豪。
The past few years have witnessed/seen great changes
3. spot n.地点,处所;斑点;污迹 vt.发现,看见
(教材P115) Some sites are bringing the news directly from the
people who are experiencing or witnessing it, on the spot of a car
accident for example.
一些网站直接从正在经历或目睹车祸的人那里获得新闻，例如车祸现场。
(1)on the spot 当场;在现场;在原地
put sb on the spot 使某人难堪
(2)spot sb/sth doing sth 发现某人/某物在做某事
(3)spotted adj. 有斑点的;有花点的
be spotted with 满是……斑点
［温馨提示］spot 作先行词，表示“地点，处所”时，若后面定语从句中的
关系词在句中作地点状语，则关系词应用where。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Neighbours spotted smoke __________(come) out of the house.
②He showed me the exact spot _________ he had asked her to
marry him.
③You really put me _____ the spot by asking me to apologize
before so many people.
coming
where
on
(2)一词多义
①Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove._________
②I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by
himself off to the side by a fence.________________
③She stood rooted to the spot with fear.______________
n.污渍
v.发现,注意到
n.位置,地点
(3)完成句子
We lay on the grass, staring at the night sky _____________________
___________________________.
我们躺在草地上,凝视着布满闪烁星星的夜空。(读后续写之动作描写)
spotted with twinkling/shining stars
1.(教材P115) I have collected a number of questions from our
website. Here is the first question.我从我们的网站上收集了一些问题。
这是第一个问题。
句型公式
完全倒装句
【归纳拓展】
完全倒装四条件:
(1)表示方位或时间的副词,如here, there, in, out, up, down, away, now,
then等或表示方位的介词短语置于句首;
(2)谓语动词是be, lie, come, go, stand等动词;
(3)时态为一般现在时或一般过去时;
(4)句子的主语是名词(若句子的主语是代词,则主谓不倒装)。
［温馨提示］完全倒装句中谓语动词的单复数要和其后的主语保持一致。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Between the two buildings _________________(stand) a tall pine.
②In the middle of the woods ______(lie) a deep lake, where you
can find various fishes.
stands/stood
lies
(2)完成句子
①There ________________________, so you have to put up in the
hotel tonight.
最后一班火车开走了,所以你今晚得在旅馆里过夜。
goes the last train
②__________________________ and up went the umbrellas.
下雨了,伞都撑起来了。(读后续写之场景描写)
Down came the rain
2.(教材P116) Due to the limited ways to find out the most up-
to-date news in those days, watching the evening news became
a kind of common practice for many families.在那些日子里，由于
了解最新新闻的方式有限，看晚间新闻成为许多家庭的一种常见做法。
句型公式
动词-ing形式作主语
【归纳拓展】
(1)动词-ing形式作主语时常放于句首,被动形式为being done, 谓语动词通常
用单数形式。如:
Learning to think critically is an important skill today's children will
need in the future.
学会批判性地思考是当今孩子们在未来需要的一项重要技能。
Being treated as a child is what I dislike most.
我最不喜欢被当作孩子对待。
(2)不定式和动词-ing形式都可以作主语,但有区别:
动词-ing形式表示一般性的、泛指的或者具体发生过的动作或状态,而不定式则
表示一次性的或未完成的动作,或者用于某些与形容词搭配构成的句型中。如:
Driving a car on crowded roads during the rush hour is tiring.
在交通高峰期的繁忙路段开车令人疲劳。
To finish the tough task will take a long time.
要完成这项棘手的任务将要花费很长时间。
It is bad for your health to swim in this polluted river.
在这条被污染的河里游泳对你的健康不利。
(3)动词-ing形式作主语有两种形式:
①大部分动词-ing形式直接置于句首主语的位置上。如:
Playing tricks on others is something we should never do.
捉弄别人是我们万万不应该做的。
②在某些句型中,习惯上用形式主语it,把真正的主语——动词-ing结构——放
到句尾。如:
It's worth making the effort to make the attempt.
努力做这个尝试是值得的。
(4)当动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名
词所有格构成。如:
My sister's being ill suddenly made me worried from the bottom
of my heart.
我姐姐的突然生病使我从内心深处感到担忧。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is agreed that ___________(read) widely is one of the most
effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.
②__________________(praise) by his teachers made him regain the
confidence.
③It's no use _________(try) to argue with him, because he can't
change his mind.
reading
Being praised
trying
(2)完成句子
①_______________________________________ is not a pleasure but a
kind of suffering.
在这种条件下工作不是一件愉快的事,而是一种折磨。
Working under such conditions
②___________________________ was a great encouragement to us.
他们前来援助极大地鼓舞了我们。
Their coming to help
