Period Three Lesson 2 Community Spirit
Ⅰ.1.closely-knit 2.household 3.outskirts
4.consequence
Ⅱ.1.frequency 2.Additionally 3.Consisting 4.protection
5.respected 6.rejected 7.with
Ⅲ.1.rather than 2.die of 3.protect; from 4.keep up
Ⅳ.1.how many periods of the course there are 2.which/that benefit us most 3.When/As we enjoy the charm of nature
Ⅴ.A
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。美国堪萨斯大学(KU)的科学家们最近进行的一项研究发现,当人们感到孤独时,类人设备会阻止他们寻找正常的人际交往,但是这种影响的范围是有限的。这项研究还可以帮助公司设计出能够提高孤独人群幸福感的产品,同时又不会牺牲正常的社交互动。
1.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A recent study from the University of Kansas (KU) in the US found that human-like devices keep people from seeking out normal human interaction when they feel lonely.”可知,来自美国堪萨斯大学的研究者发现类人设备可能会减少人们正常的社交互动。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Participants were then introduced to human-like products, including a vacuum cleaner designed to appear as if it were smiling.”可知,在实验中参与者接触的都是具有人类特征的设备。故选A项。
3.C 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“The results showed that the participants were happy with the comfort they got from the machines and didn’t need to seek out normal human interaction.”以及第三段画线词所在句以及画线词之后“As soon as we tell people that it looks like the vacuum cleaner is smiling, they seem to realize it is a machine and not a person…”可知,研究结果发现参与者对于与类人设备互动所产生的满意感并不会无限延伸,一旦被告知真空吸尘器看起来像是在微笑时,参与人员就意识到这只是一个机器,而不是人,由此可以推知,此处的画线词指的是上文所提到的“…participants were happy with the comfort they got from the machines and didn’t need to seek out normal human interaction.”这种影响,即孤独的人满足于与类人机器的互动。故选C项。
4.D 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Researchers believe the results are important for consumers to realize how these types of products could affect their social interaction with real people…”以及最后一段可知,这项研究可以让消费者意识到类人设备会如何影响到他们在现实生活中与真人互动,从而促使孤独的人改善自己目前的人际关系,所以这项研究的意义在于它让孤独的人意识到自己的处境并做出一些改变。故选D项。
B
【文章大意】 本篇为说明文,介绍了一种准社交关系,也就是媒体用户将大众传媒中的人物当作真实人物,并与之形成一种准社交关系(例如追星这种社会现象),随着现代媒体技术的进步,本来健康的准社交关系有了一些变化。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was nine years old, I was desperately in love with a man who was 40 years my senior. Don’t worry; Micky Dolenz of the Monkees didn’t even know I existed because he’d stopped being an actor 20 years earlier.”以及第三段可知,准社交关系是一种虚构的与名人的关系。故选D。
6.B 词义猜测题。根据第二段的“…throwing knowing winks (眨眼) to camera, and shared their funny behind-the-scenes lives. They made us think we knew them, as a friend.”可知,在电视节目中,明星通过会心的眨眼和分享他们有趣的幕后生活来与观众们互动,因此broke the fourth wall的意思是“与观众们互动”,和interacted with the audience意思相近,故选B。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第四段的“But once you start to gain a critical mass, the relationship necessarily transforms—at least in the eye of the digital personality. You can speak directly to one fan, or even five. But it’s not possible to respond to the 10,000 people who subscribe to your TikTok. What was once a close and friendly relationship turns into a business transaction (交易).”可知,一旦你的粉丝数量暴增,这种关系必然会发生变化,故选C。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today’s parasocial relationships are surfing unknown territory, so it is expected that they—we—will make mistakes. And who is there to help when we’ve put ourselves out there online ”可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是引起公众关注。故选A。Period Three Lesson 2 Community Spirit
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.In a (紧密联结在一起的) community, neighbours often come together to support each other during difficult times.
2.Water pollution levels increased, with more (家庭的) and commercial waste ending up in the river.
3.They decided to move to the (郊区) of town to enjoy a quieter lifestyle away from the hustle and bustle of the city centre.
4.Had it not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the (后果) might have been more serious.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.Researchers are studying the (frequent) of earthquakes in the region to better understand seismic activity.
2. (additional), having previous experience in volunteering at an international conference can also be seen as one of my strengths.
3. (consist) of enthusiastic members, our school’s volunteer team holds various programmes on a regular basis, like visiting the home for the old.
4.China consistently holds the view that economic development should be coordinated with environmental (protect).
5.Some (respect) writers took part in discussions on literature with readers at various meetings and events related to literature.
6.With his suggestions (reject), he felt desperate, running out of the office.
7.Living on campus for three years left me an bond other boarders in the same dorm.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.Some people prefer to go out for travelling (而不是) stay at home since it can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons.
2.Every year an estimated five million children under the age of five (死于) nutrition-related causes.
3.Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to them (保护……免于) extinction.
4.It is accepted that everything may seem difficult at the start of its progress, but if you (坚持,保持,继续下去), you can overcome it.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1.I’m wondering each week, for I prefer to have some time at my disposal. (宾语从句)
我想知道这门课每周有几节课,因为我更喜欢有一些时间由我自由支配。
2.We should choose the books with knowledge, virtues and good interests. (定语从句)
我们应该选择在知识、美德和好的兴趣爱好方面对我们最有益的书籍。
3. , we should try our best to protect it.
当我们享受大自然的魅力时,我们应该尽我们最大的努力保护它。
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
A
Talking to human-like devices can be great fun—just ask Siri to tell you a joke. But it may also lead to problems.
A recent study from the University of Kansas (KU) in the US found that human-like devices keep people from seeking out normal human interaction when they feel lonely. During a series of experiments, participants were asked to write about a time when they felt lonely. They also took part in an online game of “catch” against a computer program that was designed to “throw” the ball to other players more often, but participants believed they were playing with real people online. Participants were then introduced to human-like products, including a vacuum cleaner designed to appear as if it were smiling. They were also asked to think about their phone in human-like terms, considering questions like “How much does it help you ”. The results showed that the participants were happy with the comfort they got from the machines and didn’t need to seek out normal human interaction.
But it wasn’t all bad news, as the team found that there were limits to how far this effect would extend. “As soon as we tell people that it looks like the vacuum cleaner is smiling, they seem to realize it is a machine and not a person,” Olson told Daily Mail. “The effect goes away. This seems to be happening on a very subconscious level.”
Researchers believe the results are important for consumers to realize how these types of products could affect their social interaction with real people, especially because so many new products feature interactivity. “If someone notices they are talking more to Siri lately, maybe that has something to do with feeling lonely,” Olson said. “From that standpoint, it’s important to be aware of it.”
The study could also help companies design products that can increase the well-being of people who feel lonely, without sacrificing normal social interaction.
“Maybe it is more about improving our current relationships,” Olson said, “such as taking a break from screen time and focusing on developing your real personal connections.”
( )1.What did researchers from the University of Kansas find
A.Human-like devices may help people interact with others.
B.Human-like devices may reduce people’s social interaction.
C.Interaction with human-like devices may make people feel lonely.
D.Lonely people may easily become addicted to human-like devices.
( )2.What did the participants do during the experiments
A.They were shown devices with human features.
B.They were allowed to talk with human-like devices.
C.They were arranged to play online games with real people.
D.They were encouraged to engage in normal human interaction.
( )3.What do the underlined words “this effect” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.Lonely people become willing to interact with others.
B.Lonely people would get uninterested in computer programs.
C.Lonely people are content to interact with human-like machines.
D.Lonely people interacting with human-like devices get lonely easily.
( )4.What is the significance of the study according to Olson
A.It warns people to stop using human-like devices.
B.It shows people how the human-like products function.
C.It perhaps helps people who feel lonely improve their well-being.
D.It makes lonely people realize their situations and do some changing.
B
When I was nine years old, I was desperately in love with a man who was 40 years my senior. Don’t worry; Micky Dolenz of the Monkees didn’t even know I existed because he’d stopped being an actor 20 years earlier. But that didn’t stop me from decorating my books with love hearts.
The Monkees were entirely manufactured, but as a product they were a success: they used the media to develop a bond between an audience member and her target. In their TV show, they regularly broke the fourth wall,throwing knowing winks (眨眼) to camera, and shared their funny behind-the-scenes lives. They made us think we knew them, as a friend.
This kind of “parasocial relationship” (准社交关系) has long roots in media. Radio characters like Lonesome Gal started her programme with “Sweetie, I love you”, speaking directly to her listeners in the 1950s. Each individual felt he had her undivided attention. She was an entirely virtual girlfriend, at a time when the world had nothing to do with technology.
Parasocial relationships have become a means to an end in the digital age, now that selling yourself has become a way of life. Using these relationships is how you gain followers, credibility and influence. But once you start to gain a critical mass, the relationship necessarily transforms—at least in the eye of the digital personality. You can speak directly to one fan, or even five. But it’s not possible to respond to the 10,000 people who subscribe to your TikTok. What was once a close and friendly relationship turns into a business transaction (交易).
Rising social media stars have to manage themselves and their boundaries. That’s one of the most undeveloped skills in the digital age. Today’s parasocial relationships are surfing unknown territory, so it is expected that they—we—will make mistakes. And who is there to help when we’ve put ourselves out there online
( )5.What do we know about a parasocial relationship
A.It isn’t developed without mutual understanding.
B.It isn’t healthy or beneficial at all to either side.
C.It is a relationship that enjoys good interaction.
D.It is an imaginary relationship with a celebrity.
( )6.What do the underlined words “broke the fourth wall” mean in Paragraph 2
A.Stepped down from the stage.
B.Interacted with the audience.
C.Removed bricks of the wall.
D.Engaged with photographers.
( )7.What has caused the change of the relationship between fans and Internet celebrities
A.The expansion of digital marketing.
B.The intentional ignorance of fans.
C.The increase in the number of fans.
D.The lack of communication skills.
( )8.What is the purpose of the passage
A.To raise public concern.
B.To present a scientific study.
C.To give a full explanation.
D.To express personal feelings.Period Three Lesson 2 Community Spirit
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(1)①Additionally ②to (2)In addition
2.(1)①frequently ②frequence (2)frequent glimpses at his side
3.(1)①consequently ②consequences ③in
(2)①as a consequence/in consequence/as a result
②As a consequence/result ofPeriod Three Lesson 2 Community Spirit
1.additionally adv.除此之外,此外
(教材P110) Additionally, there was very little crime.
此外,犯罪率很低。
additional adj. 附加的;额外的;外加的
in addition (to sb/sth) 除了;另外,加之,除……之外(还)
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] (additional), from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
②In addition blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.
(2)完成句子
Smart wearable devices can monitor our health conditions and provide timely reminders for exercise and rest. , intelligent transportation systems make our commuting more convenient and efficient. (介词短语)
智能可穿戴设备可以监测我们的健康状况,并及时提醒我们锻炼和休息。此外,智能交通系统使我们的通勤更加方便、高效。(话题写作之网络科技)
2.frequently adv.经常地, 频繁地
(教材P110) They visited each other and frequently organised community celebrations.
他们互相拜访,并经常组织社区庆祝活动。
frequent adj. 经常的,频繁的
frequence n. 频率;频数,频繁
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·浙江1月考读后续写] I absorbed myself in that project, and I (frequent) forgot about eating or sleeping.
②The (frequent) of the meetings increased as the project deadline approached, ensuring that everyone was on track.
(2)完成句子
In the classroom, I couldn’t help casting —he wasn’t looking at me.
在教室里,我忍不住不时地瞥他一眼——他并没有看着我。(读后续写之动作描写)
3.consequence n.后果
(教材P110) Well, the consequences of the change followed quickly.
好吧,变化的后果很快随之而来。
(1)as a consequence=in consequence/as a result
结果,因此
as a consequence of=in consequence of/as a result of 因为……;由于……
suffer/face/take the consequences (of sth)
面对/承担(某事的)后果
(2)consequent adj. 作为结果的;随之而来的
(3)consequently adv. 结果,因此
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The flight was delayed because of fog, and (consequent), he didn’t make it to his best friend’s wedding in time.
②Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific (consequence).
③His death was totally unexpected and, consequence, no plans had been made for his replacement.
(2)完成句子
①[2021·北京卷] My grandfather was under treatment in hospital, and , I have to take care of him.(介词短语)
我祖父在医院接受治疗,因此我得照顾他。
② the increasing popularity of e-books, the paper book sales have declined significantly.
由于电子书越来越受欢迎,纸质书的销量显著下降。(共11张PPT)
Period Three
Lesson 2 Community Spirit
语言知识梳理
1.additionally adv.除此之外，此外
(教材P110) Additionally, there was very little crime.
此外，犯罪率很低。
additional adj. 附加的;额外的;外加的
in addition (to sb/sth) 除了;另外，加之，除……之外(还)
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] ____________(additional), from time to
time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short
assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be
graded.
Additionally
②In addition ____ blogging, taking photos and writing articles
about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television
to argue in favour of its defence.
to
(2)完成句子
Smart wearable devices can monitor our health conditions and
provide timely reminders for exercise and rest. ___________,
intelligent transportation systems make our commuting more
convenient and efficient. (介词短语)
智能可穿戴设备可以监测我们的健康状况，并及时提醒我们锻炼和
休息。此外，智能交通系统使我们的通勤更加方便、高效。
(话题写作之网络科技)
In addition
2.frequently adv.经常地, 频繁地
(教材P110) They visited each other and frequently organised
community celebrations.
他们互相拜访，并经常组织社区庆祝活动。
frequent adj. 经常的,频繁的
frequence n. 频率;频数，频繁
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·浙江1月考读后续写] I absorbed myself in that project,
and I __________(frequent) forgot about eating or sleeping.
frequently
②The __________(frequent) of the meetings increased as the
project deadline approached, ensuring that everyone was on
track.
frequence
(2)完成句子
In the classroom, I couldn't help casting _____________________
_______—he wasn't looking at me.
在教室里，我忍不住不时地瞥他一眼——他并没有看着我。
(读后续写之动作描写)
frequent glimpses at his side
3.consequence n.后果
(教材P110) Well, the consequences of the change followed quickly.
好吧，变化的后果很快随之而来。
(1)as a consequence=in consequence/as a result 结果,因此
as a consequence of=in consequence of/as a result of
因为……;由于……
suffer/face/take the consequences (of sth) 面对/承担(某事的)后果
(2)consequent adj. 作为结果的;随之而来的
(3)consequently adv. 结果,因此
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The flight was delayed because of fog, and
_____________(consequent), he didn't make it to his best friend's
wedding in time.
consequently
②Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common
is that they lead to specific ______________(consequence).
③His death was totally unexpected and, ___ consequence, no
plans had been made for his replacement.
consequences
in
(2)完成句子
①[2021·北京卷] My grandfather was under treatment in hospital,
and ___________________________________________, I have to
take care of him.(介词短语)
我祖父在医院接受治疗,因此我得照顾他。
as a consequence/in consequence/as a result
②__________________________ the increasing popularity of e-
books, the paper book sales have declined significantly.
由于电子书越来越受欢迎,纸质书的销量显著下降。
As a consequence/result of
