单元小测(Unit 12)
Ⅰ.1.humbly 2.efficiently 3.accurately 4.to give
5.corresponding 6.(should) be preserved 7.innovative 8.donated 9.was launched 10.with
Ⅱ.1.ranging from; to 2.switches to 3.correspond to/with
4.figure out 5.in spite of 6.experiment with 7.prevent/stop/keep; from 8.look back on/upon
Ⅲ.1.With the entries pouring in and the deadline drawing near/approaching 2.(that/in which) we live 3.was on the point of; when 4.what you have learned 5.is/was the forest
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著的AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南,以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景,强调控制AI的重要性,呼吁各界协同确保AI安全发展,以防潜在危机。
1.C 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“…but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.”可知,坎贝尔是一位有着二十多年专业经验的作家,撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的,故推测前面想表达的是如果由能力较差的人写的话,这本书会像驱动AI的计算机代码一样复杂难懂。故选C。
2.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.”可知,坎贝尔从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发,撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南,故推测它采用了务实的写作风格。down-to-earth意为“务实的,切合实际的”。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.”和倒数第二段中“She explains we are at a ‘tipping point’ in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.”可知,坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力控制AI。故选C。
4.A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical road map addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution.”和最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.”可知,本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著的AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书,该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南,以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景,强调控制AI的重要性,呼吁各界协同确保AI安全发展,以防潜在危机,所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于AI的书。故选A。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由 Specht Architects设计的绿色生态住宅。
1.and 考查连词。both…and…意为“两者都……”,是固定用法。故填and。
2.which/that 考查定语从句。此空引导一个限制性定语从句,且从句中缺少主语,先行词为a 2,400-square-feet house,故用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
3.constructed 考查非谓语动词。此处应填非谓语动词,construct与其逻辑主语the house之间为动宾关系,故用所给动词的过去分词。故填constructed。
4.impression 考查名词。根据空前修饰词Weston Residence’s first及空后谓语动词begins可知,此处应填所给动词的名词单数形式。故填impression。
5.effectively 考查副词。根据空后动词短语makes up可知,此处应填所给形容词的副词形式,修饰其后的动词短语。故填effectively。
6.are placed 考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致。根据上下文时态可知,此处用一般现在时,place与其主语the bedrooms之间为被动关系,故此处填一般现在时的被动语态,且主语是复数。故填are placed。
7.natural 考查形容词。根据句意及空后名词light可知,此处填所给名词的形容词形式,natural light意为“自然光”。故填natural。
8.a 考查冠词。根据空后familiar(发音为辅音音素开头的单词)和theme及句意可知,此处填不定冠词 a,表示泛指。故填a。
9.walls 考查名词复数。根据空后系动词are可知,此处应填所给名词的复数形式。故填walls。
10.to soften 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,此处应填非谓语动词;根据句意可知,此处应填动词不定式,表示目的。故填to soften。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年仅18岁的高中生Angelina Tsuboi的创新经历。她从7岁起就发现了对创新的兴趣,如今已成为掌握20多种编程语言的开发者,也是一名对航空航天网络安全有浓厚兴趣的飞行员。她鼓励年轻人积极思考。
1.A 根据上文“At just 7, Angelina Tsuboi discovered her passion for innovation.”和下文with a simple maze game可推知,Angelina对创新的热情始于一个简单的迷宫游戏;begin with意为“开始于……”。故选A项。begin开始;close关闭;protect保护;open打开。
2.D 根据上文“At just 7, Angelina Tsuboi discovered her passion for innovation.”和下文“Today, at 18, the Grade 12 student is not only a mobile and Web developer…more than 20 programming languages…”可知,受7岁时编程经历的启发,Angelina如今成了一名手机和网络开发者。故选D项。move移动;struggle挣扎;challenge挑战;inspire启发。
3.A 根据上文a mobile and Web developer和下文more than 20 programming languages可知,程序员需要掌握编程语言。故选A项。master掌握;lack缺乏;start开始;avoid避免。
4.B 根据下文“…a deep-seated desire to use technology to solve real-world problems.”可知,Angelina痴迷于利用技术解决现实世界中的问题,所以她对航空航天网络安全也有着强烈的兴趣。故选B项。common普通的;strong强烈的;general一般的;broad广泛的。
5.A 根据上文initial curiosity和下文a deep-seated desire可知,她最初的好奇心转变成为用技术解决问题的强烈愿望。故选A项。turn into转变成;introduce into引入;integrate into融入;grow into长成。
6.C 根据下文“…because they don’t know…”可知,很多孩子会感到被困住了,因为他们不知道自己的行为会如何改变世界。故选C项。 annoyed恼怒的;bored无聊的;trapped受困的;distracted心烦意乱的。
7.B 根据上文“…they don’t know how their…”和下文“…change the world…”可推知,Angelina认为孩子们不知道自己的行为会如何改变世界。故选B项。word话语;action行为;movement运动;language语言。
8.B 结合常识和上文“…she co-developed Megaphone, one of her first apps…”可知,开发程序是为了解决人们的烦恼。故选B项。 interrupt打断;address解决;appreciate感激;cure治愈。
9.A 根据下文“…kept building from then.”和“…she…it couldn’t be just her who was struggling with the steps. So she created an app called CPR Buddy.”可知,有了之前成功的经验后,Angelina的信心不断增强,以致后来开发了更多的应用程序来解决问题。故选A项。confidence信心;performance表现;expectation期望;imagination想象力。
10.C 根据下文“…couldn’t be just her who was struggling with the steps. So she created an app called CPR Buddy.”可推知,Angelina认为不可能只有她自己觉得这些课程难以掌握,所以开发了CPR Buddy来帮助人们学习心肺复苏。故选C项。fear害怕;promise承诺;figure认为;agree同意。
11.D 根据上文“After winning an award…”和下文her work to Apple CEO Tim Cook可推知,Angelina向苹果CEO展示了自己的获奖作品。故选D项。 serve服务;fail失败;offer提供;present展示。
12.D 结合常识和上文“…Angelina…her work to Apple CEO Tim Cook…”可知,向苹果CEO展示作品是一件很重要的事件,是Angelina职业生涯中的一个亮点。故选D项。 limitation限制;finding发现;contribution贡献;highlight亮点。
13.A 根据下文“…as a child of a single mother who immigrated to the US from Japan.”可知,这是Angelina自己的童年经历,她从中得到灵感。故选A项。experience经历;instruction指示;experiment实验;assumption假设。
14.B 根据下文Angelina的话“There’s not enough optimism in the world…”可知,Angelina认为人们缺乏乐观,所以她建议年轻人要积极地思考,保持乐观。故选B项。creatively创造性地;positively积极地;critically批判性地;extensively广泛地。
15.C 根据上文“I have also been in situations where I’ve lost a lot of hope. But in the end…”可知,虽然生活中有失去希望的情况,但最后总有方法可以让情况变得更好。故选C项。excuse借口;need需要;way方法;problem问题。单元小测(Unit 12)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Listening (humble)to others’ opinions, especially those that differ from one’s own, can help one improve the initiative, wisdom and power of the masses.
2.The canal used to play a crucial part in the development of trade and transportation in the region, enabling goods to be transported (efficient) to and from major cities.
3.By analysing the data (accurate), we were able to draw a well-supported conclusion regarding the outcome of the experiment.
4.Feelings of hopelessness hit Rao as he faced challenges in his life, but he declined (give) up, focusing on finding solutions to his problems.
5.The researchers conducted an experiment and found a (correspond) increase in productivity when employees worked in a more flexible environment.
6.It is strongly advocated that many long-standing traditions (preserve) despite the change of modern values.
7.A problem has occurred whether we should develop (innovate) thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas.
8.The local community will have these (donate) books delivered to children with a burning passion for reading.
9.Aimed at enriching our daily life and building up our body, a 5-kilometre-long family cycling trip (launch) by our school yesterday.
10.Seeing us depressed, she tried to entertain us stories and jokes to cheer us up.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.What benefits us most in learning English is reading different categories of English books, biographies of celebrities and classics (范围从……到……) popular science.
2.The device automatically (转到) an energy-efficient mode when not in use for a while.
3.The colours on the map (对应) the different regions of the country, making it easy to identify where each one is located.
4.I think we should (想出,弄清楚) some ways to stop people from polluting the river and call on them to fight against pollution.
5.Besides, he is modest and serious about science (尽管) his great success, which is worth learning.
6.Scientists will (用……做试验) rats in order to discover facts about human behaviour.
7.Tens of thousands of trees have been planted in the region in the past few years to the soil being washed away (阻止泥土被冲走).
8. This story influences me even today, and I (回顾,追忆) this story with so much happiness.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1. , I’m writing to sincerely ask you to be one of our judges to help us decide on the best entries. (with复合结构)
随着参赛作品的涌入和截止日期的临近,我写信真诚地邀请你成为我们的评委之一,帮助我们抉择最好的参赛作品。
2.I really feel strongly that we need to change the way in order to protect our planet. (定语从句)
我真的强烈感受到,为了保护我们的地球,我们需要改变我们的生活方式。
3.I breaking down my father came running to help.
我快要崩溃时,我父亲跑来帮忙。
4.Only when you apply to practice can you say that you have succeeded. (宾语从句)
只有当你把所学的东西应用到实践中,你才能说你成功了。
5.Behind the house carrying their good memories with Grandpa. (完全倒装)
房子后面是承载着他们与爷爷的美好回忆的森林。
●Ⅳ 阅读理解
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical road map addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution.
In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
( )1.What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.If read by someone poorly educated.
B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.
C.If written by someone less competent.
D.If translated by someone unacademic.
( )2.What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text
A.It is packed with complex codes.
B.It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.
C.It provides step-by-step instructions.
D.It is intended for AI professionals.
( )3.What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development
A.Observe existing regulations on it.
B.Reconsider expert opinions about it.
C.Make joint efforts to keep it under control.
D.Learn from prior experience to slow it down.
( )4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To recommend a book on AI.
B.To give a brief account of AI history.
C.To clarify the definition of AI.
D.To honour an outstanding AI expert.
●Ⅴ 语法填空
Meeting the challenge to gently place a home into a valley below the access road and next to a scenic river, Weston Residence is both a primary residence 1. an award-winning example of minimal site impact architectural design.
Specht Architects designed the home, a 2,400-square-foot house 2. rests along the shores of the Saugatuck River in Connecticut. Purposefully 3. (construct) to create a small footprint, the house blurs (融合) the lines between the home and the forest nearby. Weston Residence’s first 4. (impress) begins with the drive down from the road above where visitors first come in sight of green roofs.
Covered in locally-sourced plants, the roof 5. (effective) makes up a fifth fa ade (正面) of the home, and it’s not just visible from above. With one layer (层) of the home criss-crossing the lower level, the bedrooms 6. (place) in a way that layers the green design so it’s visible and accessible from the bedrooms.
Weston Residence also features plentiful 7. (nature) light through large windows, which contributes to the energy-efficient design of the home. Furthermore, glass is 8. familiar theme throughout the spaces. Emphasizing the same clean lines, the volumes of the home are made from cast-in-place concrete and cement-board panels. Bamboo 9. (wall) are built in the living room 10. (soften) the glass and concrete interior design and bring a warm element.
●Ⅵ 完形填空
At just 7, Angelina Tsuboi discovered her passion for innovation. It all 1 with a simple maze (迷宫) game she coded in her Los Angeles public school’s Grade 2 class. “I was 2 by the entire experience,” she says.
Today, at 18, the Grade 12 student is not only a mobile and Web developer 3 more than 20 programming languages, but a pilot with a 4 interest in aerospace cybersecurity. Her initial curiosity has 5 a deep-seated desire to use technology to solve real-world problems. “I think a lot of kids feel 6 because they don’t know how their 7 could actually change the world,” she says.
In 2021, as a tenth grader, she co-developed Megaphone, one of her first apps, to 8 frustrations. Her problem-solving 9 kept building from then. When she took online CPR classes at the start of the pandemic, she 10 it couldn’t be just her who was struggling with the steps. So she created an app called CPR Buddy.
After winning an award, Angelina 11 her work to Apple CEO Tim Cook, a 12 in her young career, but one she didn’t lose her cool over. She was inspired by her own 13 as a child of a single mother who immigrated to the US from Japan.
Angelina’s advice to other young people eager to solve problems Think 14 . “There’s not enough optimism in the world,” she says. “I have also been in situations where I’ve lost a lot of hope. But in the end, there are 15 to make them somewhat better.”
( )1.A.began B.closed
C.protected D.opened
( )2.A.moved B.struggled
C.challenged D.inspired
( )3.A.mastering B.lacking
C.starting D.avoiding
( )4.A.common B.strong
C.general D.broad
( )5.A.turned into B.introduced into
C.integrated into D.grown into
( )6.A.annoyed B.bored
C.trapped D.distracted
( )7.A.words B.actions
C.movements D.languages
( )8.A.interrupt B.address
C.appreciate D.cure
( )9.A.confidence B.performance
C.expectation D.imagination
( )10.A.feared B.promised
C.figured D.agreed
( )11.A.served B.failed
C.offered D.presented
( )12.A.limitation B.finding
C.contribution D.highlight
( )13.A.experiences B.instructions
C.experiments D.assumptions
( )14.A.creatively B.positively
C.critically D.extensively
( )15.A.excuses B.needs
C.ways D.problems
