2026年译林版中考英语二轮复习 主谓一致讲义 练习（无答案）

主谓一致
概念：主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上要保持一致，主要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近/就远一致
语法一致原则：句子的谓语动词在形式上和主语的单复数保持一致。
单数主语 → 单数谓语（如 is/does/has）
复数主语 → 复数谓语（如 are/do/have）
由单个动名词 v - ing、不定式 to do 作主语时，视为单数概念，谓语动词用单数。
Drinking milk is good for your health.
To work out the problem is difficult.
and连接的是并列主语时两个或两个以上的人或事物时，谓语动词用复数；
若并列主语表示同一人或事物（and 后面的主语无冠词），谓语动词用单数
The writer and teacher 一位教师兼作家，指同一个人，谓语动词就用单数形式
The writer and the teacher 一位教师和一位作家，指两个人，谓语动词就用复数形式
复合不定代词（如 someone、everything）作主语时，谓语动词用单数
Everyone is here.
Noting is impossible.
有些只有复数形式的名词（如 trousers、glasses）单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但当这些词前有 pair/ piece/ bottle 等表示度量的词修饰时，由这些表示度量的词决定单复数
The trousers are comfortable.
This pair of trousers is comfortable.
a number of + 可数名词复数 表示许多，大量的，作主语，谓语动词用复数
the number of + 可数名词复数 表示……的数量，作主语，谓语动词用单数
A number of trees are planted.
The number of students in our class is 50.
关系代词 who、that、which 在定语从句作主语时，谓语动词应与先行词在数上保持一致。
She is a girl who studies hard.
She is one of the girls who study hard .
意义一致原则：主语意义为单数，则谓语动词用单数，主语意义为复数，则谓语动词也需要用复数。
同一主语，多种身份。若并列主语表示同一人或事物（and 后面的主语无冠词），谓语动词用单数
The writer and teacher 一位教师兼作家，指同一个人，谓语动词就用单数形式
The writer and the teacher 一位教师和一位作家，指两个人，谓语动词就用复数形式
复数名词的单数意义
表示时间、价格、重量、数目、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，通常被视作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。
Ten years is a long time. 把十年看成一个整体，表示“十年这一个时间段”。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy. 把早睡早起看成一个整体习惯。
Five minus four is one 五减四等于一。
形复意单，用单数谓语动词，形单意复，用复数谓语动词
以 -s 结尾的表示学科的名词（politics政治，maths，physics）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；
有些集体名词，如 people、cattle、police 等作主语时，谓语动词只用复数形式
Physics is an important subject.
People here are friendly.
单复同形，如sheep deer，具体语境具体分析。若表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数，若表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数。
That sheep looks healthy.
Many sheep are eating grass on the hillside.
集合名词，如family、class、group、team,具体语境具体分析，若表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数; 若表示集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数
My family is a small one with three people.
My family are having supper.
the +形容词,表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。
The poor need more social support.穷人需要更多的社会支持。
The unknown is exciting.未知的事物令人兴奋。
就近/就远一致原则
就近一致（谓语动词的单复数由最靠近它的主语决定）
1. there be 句型 There is a book and some books on the desk.
There are some books and a pen on the desk.
2. neither...nor...既不……也不…… Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.
3. either...or...要么……要么…… Either you or I am going to attend the meeting tomorrow.
not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… Not only Jerry but also his friends are happy about the news.
5. whether...or...是……还是…… Whether he or you are wrong is still a question.
就远一致（谓语动词的单复数由离它最远的主语决定）
1. 四个和（with/together with/along with/ as well as） The teacher, with his students, has seen the film.
五个除（but/ besides/ except/ in addition to/ apart from） Nobody, but two students, is in the classroom.
3. 一个不是（rather than） Tom, rather than Jerry and David, is to blame.
4. 一个包括（including） All his children, including Amy, are playing chess.
主谓一致综合练习
单项选择
Neither my parents nor I ______ interested in shopping online.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
The number of students in our school ______ over 2,000, and a number of them ______ from the countryside.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
There ______ a pen and two books on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
Both Lily and Lucy ______ to the party yesterday.
A. invited B. was invited C. were invited D. invites
The family ______ watching TV together when the phone rang.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
Half of the bread ______ eaten by the boy just now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
Physics ______ more difficult than Chinese, I think.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
Not only the students but also their teacher ______ the Great Wall before.
A. have been to B. has been to C. have gone to D. has gone to
The pair of shoes ______ mine. This pair of socks ______ his.
A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
The population of China ______ larger than that of any other country in the world.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
Each of the students ______ a dictionary in our class.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
The children, along with their teacher, ______ going to the zoo tomorrow.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
“______ everyone here today ” the teacher asked.
A. Is B. Are C. Does D. Do
The news ______ very exciting. We all jumped with joy.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
Two days ______ enough for me to finish the work. I need a third day.
A. isn't B. aren't C. hasn't D. haven't
The old ______ taken good care of in our society now.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
Either you or he ______ to stay at home this afternoon.
A. have B. has C. are D. is
All the food ______ on the table and ready to eat.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
The class ______ big. Now the class ______ practicing swimming.
A. are; is B. is; are C. are; are D. is; is
______ of the land in that area ______ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
用所给动词的适当形式填空
Neither my father nor my mother ______ (be) at home today.
There ______ some bread and two apples on the table.
The number of cars in the city ______ (increase) every year.
Both Tom and Jack ______ (go) to the park yesterday.
A lot of sheep ______ (be) on the hill.
The police ______ (look) for the lost child now.
Half of the apples ______ (be) red. Half of the milk ______ (be) drunk.
Something __________（be）wrong with the computer.
The pair of glasses ______ (be) mine.
The teacher, together with his students, ______ (be) going to the zoo.
Everyone in our class ______ （like）sports.
Not only I but also my parents ______（like） watching movies.