课时提升作业(十三)
(Unit 5 Understanding ideas)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：91.5分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Some animals carry ____________ (种子) from one place to another，so plants can spread to new places．
2．The current study has a larger ____________ (样本) size than earlier studies．
3．Now，I ____________ (怀疑) that someone may have broken into this room and taken away something important．
4．The dam will ____________ (产生) electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution．
5．If we look back at our ____________ (祖先)，we'll see that they had a lot more hair on their bodies than we do now．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The fact is that most people didn't believe his theory of ____________ (evolve)．
2．A large amount of electricity in that country ____________ (generate) by nuclear reactors．
3．To many people，technology means computers，hand-held devices，or vehicles that travel to ____________ (distance) planets．
4．Although I'm not a ____________ (geology)，I have been collecting minerals for years．
5．There is a note on the door ____________ (read)“No smoking！”
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
answer the call，be a disgrace，adapt to，be crowded with，in the distance
1．He practiced hard so as not to ________________ to his country in the competition．
2．A group of earth-friendly enterprises have ________________ by actively supporting green activities．
3．Your desk ________________ too many unnecessary things，including pieces of used papers and books．
4．In my opinion，it is much easier for a child to ______________ a new environment than an adult．
5．As we walked along the beach，we saw a lighthouse ________________．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．俗话说：“入乡随俗。”(as引导定语从句)
____________________，“When in Rome，do as the Romans do．”
2．他如此有学问，所以我们非常赞赏他。(so...that...)
He is _____________________________________________ we admire him very much．
3．当我沿街行走时，我偶遇了一个我的老朋友。(as 引导时间状语从句)
________________________，I came across an old friend of mine．
4．男孩花了大约三个月的时间来适应新的校园环境。(adapt to)
It took the boy about three months ____________________________________．
5．这个耳熟能详的民间故事起源于唐朝。
This familiar folk tale ____________________ the Tang Dynasty．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分)
Today we live in a time when the number of endangered species is the largest 1．________________ (有史以来) because 2．____________________________(各种各样的人类活动导致) their habitats and climate being destroyed，which makes them hard to 3．________________________ (适应环境)．The biodiversity is 4．________________ (不可能的)without humans' joint efforts and changes of our lifestyle．People should be told to 5．______________________________ (把动物视为自然的重要组成部分)．Not until people are aware of the importance of protecting animals can we meet the biodiversity goal．Please don't 6．____________________(怀疑我的观点)．I call on everyone to 7．________________________ (响应号召) of nature and make contributions．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
Chocolate could soon be a thing of the past，after scientists warned that the cacao plant，from which chocolate is made，could be extinct within 25 years．
Over half of the world's chocolate comes from just two countries in West Africa—C te d'Ivoire and Ghana—where the temperature，rain，and humidity provide the perfect conditions for cacao to grow．But the threat of rising temperatures over the next three decades caused by climate change，is expected to result in a loss of water from the ground，which scientists say could upset this balance．
According to the related data，a temperature rise of just 2.1℃ could spell an end for the chocolate industry worldwide by 2050．Farmers in the region are already considering moving cacao production areas thousands of feet uphill into mountainous areas—many of which are currently preserved for wildlife．But a move of this scale could destroy ecosystems that are already under threat from illegal farming and deforestation．
Part of the problem，according to Doug Hawkins，is that cacao farming methods have not changed for hundreds of years．“Unlike other tree crops that have benefited from the development of modern，high yielding strains and crop management techniques to realize their genetic potential，more than 90% of the global cacao crops are produced by small farms with unimproved planting materials，”he said．“It means that we could be facing a chocolate decrease of 100，000 tons a year in the next few years．”
Now scientists at the University of California at Berkeley have teamed up with American candy company Mars to keep chocolate on the menu．Using the controversial (有争议的) gene-editing technology known as CRISPR，they are trying to develop a type of the cacao plant，capable of surviving in dryer，warmer climates．If the team's work on the cacao plant is successful，it could remove the need for farmers in West Africa to relocate to higher ground，and perhaps even allow cacao to be grown elsewhere in the world．
1．What do we know about chocolate from the text？
A．Chocolate will disappear from the menu 25 years later．
B．Chocolate is mainly produced by African countries．
C．Chocolate will not be produced by 2050 because of climate change．
D．A new type of chocolate will be produced with the help of CRISPR．
2．What is the reason for the extinction of the cacao plant？
A．The damaged ecosystem．
B．Water shortage caused by climate change．
C．The threat from illegal farming．
D．The changeable farming method．
3．What is the writer's attitude to the application of CRISPR to planting cacao trees？
A．Objective． B．Unconcerned． C．Supportive． D．Negative．
B
Two thirds of the ice in the glaciers(冰川) of the Alps is doomed！These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise，according to a recent study．
Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4，000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions．After that，even if carbon emissions drop to zero，two thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100．If emissions continue to rise at the current rate，the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century．The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100．Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitudes，representing five per cent，at most，of the ice volume seen today．
The researchers warn that the loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity，especially during droughts．It would also affect nature and tourism．
In February，a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia's towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons．This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream．Glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalayan range are at higher，colder altitudes．If global carbon emissions are not cut，however，two thirds of their ice could be gone by 2100．
The latest research combined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers．It used 2017 as its starting point．Unlike previous work，these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains．Applying this approach to other glaciated mountain chains could improve ice loss forecasts there．
Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning，deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice．The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk，but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance．
4．What does the underlined word“doomed”mean in paragraph 1？
A．Polluted． B．Discovered．
C．Endangered． D．Abandoned．
5．What can we infer from paragraph 2？
A．Emissions have much to do with the ice melting．
B．The Alps is expected to lose all its ice by 2100．
C．Ice loss will be avoided with emissions prevented．
D．Large ice pieces will just exist at the mountain top．
6．Why are the Asia's ice fields mentioned in paragraph 4？
A．To explain how glacier melting came about．
B．To imply pollution is a worldwide problem．
C．To show what consequences ice melting will cause．
D．To indicate the Alps is not alone to face ice melting．
7．What is the writer's attitude towards the future of glaciers？
A．Objective． B．Optimistic．
C．Critical． D．Doubtful．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
How to Prepare Houseplants for Fall
It would be easy to think that since houseplants live inside，they don't really experience seasons as their outdoor plants do． 1 However，it doesn't mean they don't know what's going on．They do．With that in mind，here is how to keep your plants happy when autumn comes．
2 Check to be sure that they are not bringing any insects along with them．Examine both sides of leaves for insects，as well as the soil．Also，clear the top of the soil of dead leaves before taking them in．
Remove any dead or dying leaves．Find any yellowing or brown leaves． 3 For brown or yellowing leaves，you can just cut off the unhealthy part．To make a plant healthier，you can also trim (修剪) healthy leaves．Also，don't forget to save larger pieces to plant！
Be mindful of extreme temperatures．Extreme hot or cold can stress (使……紧张) plants out． 4 Make sure they are not heated by heaters．Similarly，make sure they are far from windows or doors that open to the outside．
Repot (移植) if needed．Spring is the best time to repot houseplants because that's when they begin to grow rapidly．But if any of your babies have had an active summer and are too small for their pots，now is a good time as well．Lift the plant out of the pot and check how the roots look． 5
Be careful with watering．Over-watering is one of the most common houseplant mistakes．Unless you have especially thirsty species or a very dry home，wait at least a few days in between watering．
A．The plants under stress will die soon．
B．If they seem crowded，it is time to repot．
C．So be careful about where your plants are living．
D．Bring them in if they've been vacationing outside．
E．Pay attention to whether there are harmful insects．
F．It's true that they are provided more protection inside．
G．Cut off the leaves of these colours at the base or at the soil．
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
An orangutan (红毛猩猩) 1．____________ (observe) to use a tropical plant to treat a wound，2．____________ (mark) another example of animals relieving their illnesses with natural treatments，scientists reported on Thursday．
Researchers witnessed Rakus，an adult male orangutan，pulled leaves from a medicinal plant 3．____________ (common) used by humans in Southeast Asia for pain and inflammation (发炎)．He chewed the leaves and then applied the plant's juices to an 4．____________ (injure) on his right cheek using his fingers．Afterward，he pressed the chewed leaves onto the wound as a make shift bandage，according to a study 5．____________ (publish) in Scientific Reports．
While previous research has shown orangutans' searching 6．____________ medicinal plants，this is the first time an animal has been seen directly using a medicinal plant on a wound．Co-author Isabelle Laumer，a biologist at the Max Planck Institute，remarked that this behavior is quite 7．____________ (power) and unprecedented (史无前例的)．
The behavior was recorded in 2022 by field researcher Ulil Azhari at the Suaq Project in Indonesia．Photos show that 8．____________ wound healed within a month．
Although scientists have observed orangutans since 1994 in Gunung Leuser National Park，this behavior had not been seen before．It is possible 9．____________ Rakus learned the technique outside the study area，said co-author Caroline Schuppli．
Similar self-medication behaviors have been observed in other primates，such as chimpanzees and gorillas．They use plants to relieve stomach 10．____________ (issue) or get rid of parasites．
7 / 7课时提升作业(十三)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．seeds 2．sample 3．suspect 4．generate 5．ancestors
Ⅱ．1．evolution 2．is generated 3．distant 4．geologist 5．reading
Ⅲ．1．be a disgrace 2．answered the call 3．is crowded with 4．adapt to 5．in the distance
Ⅳ．1．As the saying goes 2．so learned a person that 3．As I was walking down the street 4．to adapt to the new school environment 5．dates back to
Ⅴ．1．of all time 2．a variety of human activities lead to 3．adapt to the environment 4．out of the question 5．regard animals as a significant part of nature 6．suspect my opinion 7．answer the call
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B B C C A D A
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
F D G C B
Ⅲ．1．was observed 2．marking 3．commonly 4．injury 5．published 6．for 7．powerful 8．the 9．that 10．issues
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了可可树因为气候变化而面临灭绝的危险，现在科学家们正在努力研究新的可可树品种来适应变化的气候。
1．B [细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，世界上一半以上的巧克力来自西非的科特迪瓦和加纳这两个国家，因此巧克力主要由非洲国家生产。故选B。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，未来30年，气候变化造成的气温上升将导致地面失水，这将破坏平衡。再根据第三段第一句可知，可可树灭绝的原因是气候变化引起的缺水。故选B。]
3．C [观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知，如果可可树的研究工作取得成功，就可以排除西非农民搬迁到高地的需要，甚至可能允许可可树在世界其他地方种植。由此推知，作者的态度非常乐观，且对该项目抱有很大希望。故选C。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阿尔卑斯山和亚洲的冰川面临严重威胁，可能会在21世纪末融化，并分析了其原因，同时也提出了解决问题的思路。
4．C [词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise，according to a recent study．”可知，冰川将在21世纪末融化，由此推知，画线词所在句中的“阿尔卑斯山的冰川”也面临同样的威胁。结合选项可知，画线词doomed与endangered同义，意为“有危险的”。故选C。]
5．A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4，000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions...the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century．”可推知，碳排放与冰川融化有很大关系。故选A。]
6．D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In February，a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia's towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons．”可推知，第四段提到亚洲的冰原是为了表明阿尔卑斯山并不是唯一面临冰川融化问题的地方。故选D。]
7．A [观点态度题。通读全文，并结合文章最后一段可知，文中作者表达了对碳排放造成冰川融化的担忧，但同时也提到了为了改变这一情况人类可以采取的一些措施。由此推知，作者认为冰川的未来取决于人类自身，对冰川的未来持客观的态度。故选A。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何准备让室内的植物应对秋天的来临。
1．F [根据空前“很容易想到，由于室内植物生活在室内，它们并不像室外植物那样真正经历季节。”以及空后“然而，这并不意味着它们不知道发生了什么。”可知，此处是在说室内植物在室内的情况。F项承接上文，并和下文的“However”相呼应。故选F。]
2．D [根据空后“检查确保他们没有携带任何昆虫。”以及末句“此外，在搬进来之前，清除土壤顶部的枯叶。”可知，此处是建议人们把室外的植物搬到室内。故选D。]
3．G [根据空后“对于棕色或黄色的叶子，你可以只剪掉不健康的部分。为了使植物更健康，你也可以修剪健康的叶子。”可知，此处是建议人们剪掉棕色或变黄的叶子。故选G。]
4．C [根据空后“确保它们没有被加热器加热。同样，确保它们远离打开的窗户或门。”可知，此空是在说植物生长的地方。故选C。]
5．B [本段是建议为植物移盆、移栽，根据空前“把植物从花盆里拿出来，看看它们的根是什么样子。”可知，B项可以承接上文。故选B。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一只红毛猩猩用一种热带植物治疗伤口，这是动物用自然疗法缓解疾病的又一个例子。
1．was observed [考查动词时态、语态。根据下文“scientists reported on Thursday”可知，陈述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，主语An orangutan与谓语observe之间为被动关系。故填was observed。]
2．marking [考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，mark与上文之间为主动关系，用动词-ing形式作状语。故填marking。]
3．commonly [考查词性转换。副词commonly作状语，修饰动词used。故填commonly。]
4．injury [考查词性转换。an后接单数名词injury作宾语。故填injury。]
5．published [考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，study与publish之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式作定语。故填published。]
6．for [考查介词。search for寻找，为固定短语。故填for。]
7．powerful [考查词性转换。形容词powerful作表语。故填powerful。]
8．the [考查冠词。特指这个伤口，用定冠词the。故填the。]
9．that [考查固定句式。It is possible that...“可能……”为固定句型。故填that。]
10．issues [考查名词复数。issue为可数名词，前无限定词修饰，用复数表示泛指，作宾语。故填issues。]
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