Unit 1 People of Achievement(单元测试）-2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | Unit 1 People of Achievement(单元测试）-2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册（含答案与解析） |  | |
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 People of Achievement
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．（2024秋 江北区校级月考）When I was a boy，our extended，immigrant family would sometimes gather together at my great aunt's tiny house over the summer.
Those were the days（1） video games，smartphones，and motorized toys，so we often（2） play a good old﹣fashioned game of tag（捉人游戏）.I（3） one of those times especially.I was the youngest and smallest of all the kids there so I got（4） first and couldn't catch anyone else.Though I（5） after my brothers and cousins hard they were all too（6） for me.I grew more and more（7） .
I finally rushed to one of my brothers and（8） face first into the dirt.I got up with（9） in my eyes.Then I saw one of my female（10） standing there.She started to run but was going much（11） than before.I easily caught up and tagged her.Then she turned to me，（12） ，and said， "It's my turn！You'd better run!"I ran off（13） while she turned and started to run after one of my older brothers.
I see now how her act of（14） that day saved me from sadness and returned me to joy.It didn't（15） that we hardly ever saw each other.We were family and she loved me.
（1） A．with B．before C．for D．on
（2） A．put off B．kept from C．went on D．ended up
（3） A．consider B．remember C．choose D．enjoy
（4） A．defeated B．bullied C．caught D．found
（5） A．ran B．sought C．shouted D．searched
（6） A．strong B．rude C．hard D．fast
（7） A．puzzled B．interested C．upset D．excited
（8） A．fell B．threw C．hid D．lost
（9） A．stars B．darkness C．dirt D．tears
（10） A．sisters B．cousins C．fellows D．enemies
（11） A．nearer B．farther C．slower D．higher
（12） A．agreed B．teased C．joked D．smiled
（13） A．happily B．freely C．peacefully D．luckily
（14） A．education B．kindness C．gratitude D．cheating
（15） A．matter B．help C．turn D．mind
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．（2024秋 和平区校级期中）Children's Museum of Oak Ridge
Located in a historic Manhattan Project﹣era building，this museum is the place for visitors to earn about art，science，history，culture，and healthy living.With over 20 child﹣friendly exhibits to explore，it provides something of interest for everyone.
Address：461 W.Outer Dr.Oak Ridge，TN 37830
Admission：Adults： ＄8.00；Seniors： ＄7.00；Children 3 & Up：＄6.00；Children under 3：Free
Children's Museum of Science and Technology
Founded in 1954，CMOST is the region's only science center.CMOST provides an engaging，child﹣directed learning environment which enables children to learn and grow through play.Designed for children aged 18 months through the tween years，the museum enables children to observe，think，and learn in a pressure﹣free environment by pairing creative educational tools and techniques with engaging exhibits to support active learning.
Address：250 Jordan Road Troy，NY 12180
Admission： ＄ 8.00 per person aged 2 and up
African American Museum of Iowa
The AAMI is a statewide museum aimed at keeping and teaching Iowa's African American history.As Iowa's leading educational resource on the topic，it educates more than 30，000 people each year through museum tours，travelling exhibits，research services，youth and adult education programs，and community and fundraising events.
Address：5512th Avenue SE，Cedar Rapids，IA 52401
Admission：Adults：＄6.00；Seniors：＄5.00；Students / Youth：＄3.50；Children under 5：Free
Kingman Museum
Kingman Museum is a hidden treasure in Southwest Michigan housing an extensive（大量的）natural history collection.As a local landmark in Battle Creek for over 80 years，Kingman Museum works to provide a universal place of hands﹣on learning for the community.
Address：175 Limit St.Battle Creek，MI 49037
Admission：Free
（1）Which museum charges a child aged 5 ＄6.00？
A．Kingman Museum.
B．Children's Museum of Oak Ridge.
C．African American Museum of Iowa.
D．Children's Museum of Science and Technology.
（2）What can we know about CMOST？
A．It is a statewide museum.
B．It used to be a science lab.
C．It uses creative educational tools.
D．It is designed for children to play.
（3）What's the goal of African American Museum of Iowa？
A．Exhibiting artworks.
B．Raising funds for programs.
C．Providing learning sites for communities.
D．Protecting the African American history.
3．（2024秋 湘桥区校级月考）There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier，"Paper or plastic？" Well，which type of bag would you choose？
While both types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are better.They are made from a renewable source，are broken down easily，burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled.However，the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones.How can this be true？
Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production.And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger.Besides，the influence on forests is very serious.It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags，which happen to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly.In terms of recycling，the idea that paper bags are more environment﹣friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded.Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper.
Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones，plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two by governments.In Ireland，for example，a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags.People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag，and as a result，their use has dropped quickly.
There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags.However，we don't seem to be doing that at present.That may be because they fall apart quickly.If so，cloth bags are better choice，but still，their production also has a bad influence on the environment.So what to do？How should we answer the question of "Paper or plastic？" It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question： "What can I do to help the environment？"
（1）The question at the end of Paragraph 1 is used to .
A．introduce the point for discussion
B．tell readers how to save money
C．express the author's doubts
D．show the kindness of the cashier
（2）Compared with plastic bags，paper bags .
A．take more time to break down
B．require less energy to recycle
C．need more water to produce
D．have less influence on forests
（3）What does the underlined word "discarded" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A．Share.
B．Put forward.
C．Discuss.
D．Give up.
（4）Which question does the author probably hope the cashier ask？
A．Paper or cloth？
B．A new bag or your own one？
C．A small bag or big one？
D．Paper or plastic？
4．（2019秋 亭湖区校级期中）Two years ago，photographer Gen started his latest project visiting local communities in Latin America．The photo that gave birth to his "You are so beautiful" project was entirely unplanned．
In January 2015，Gen was in San Cristobal de las Casas，Mexico．He had been trying to get his female subject to feel more comfortable before his camera，and when a request for her to smile didn't quite work，he found himself telling her she was beautiful．The result of his shot was so sincere and heartwarming that he decided he had found the concept of his new project．Gen is still on his journey to capture the power of this compliment （赞美）．The photos he's already published on his website，however，show the unbelievable effect these simple words can have．
When asked to have her photo taken，Mathilda from Quetzaltenango，Guatemala，said， "I don't have any teeth．Please don't make me laugh．" After being told she was beautiful，she didn't seem to mind anymore． "She and I laughed a lot．It was a nice moment．" Gen said．
Margarita was selling fruit on a street in Otavalo，Ecuador，when Gen approached her．She agreed to pose for a picture after the photographer bought some of her fruit，but still didn't smile when he asked her to．Her smile was genuine，though，when she heard the compliment．
Gen met Juliana in a village in northern Colombia where desert meets the Caribbean Sea．The region is extremely dry，with some months seeing almost no rain，and Juliana wore a mask to protect her face from the sun．She was selling handicrafts when Gen approached her，and smiled happily when she received the compliment．
Mimba and baby Maya are from Brazil's Marubo tribe．Mimba was shy，and it was only on the second visit to her home that the photographer finally got her permission to take her photo．She seemed to relax，though，when he paid her a compliment．
（1）Where was the inspiration for Gen's latest project from？
A．His unplanned travel．
B．Praise for his photos．
C．A shooting experience．
D．His love for photography．
（2）Who did Gen meet twice？
A．Margarita．
B．Mimba．
C．Mathilda．
D．Juliana．
（3）What do the examples convey？
A．Gen thought highly of his subjects．
B．Sincere praise makes successful shots．
C．Complimenting applies to nearly all women．
D．Women are nervous when having photos taken．
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？
A．To introduce the effect of photography．
B．To provide some advice on complimenting．
C．To share his experiences of complimenting．
D．To show the amazing power of complimenting．
5．The development and testing of self﹣driving car technology has seen major progress in recent years.But engineers are working on other kinds of autonomous vehicles too﹣including some built for water.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have been developing autonomous water vehicles called "Roboat".The word is a combination of "robot" and "boat".The project﹣which began in 2016﹣aims to create a group of boats to transport goods and people along the waterways of Amsterdam.The Dutch capital has been called "the most watery city in the world" because of its large network of canals（运河）.
The engineers centred past efforts on autonomous boats designed to transport small goods.But the project's latest creation，the Roboat Ⅱ，can also carry passengers.The electric﹣powered Roboat Ⅱ has four propellers（推进器）that permit it to move in any direction.It is equipped with a series of cameras and sensors to guide its movements.It also uses light lasers to map the environment and measure distances.The Roboat Ⅱ measures two meters by one meter and weighs about 80 kilograms.The model can carry two passengers.
The MIT team is currently developing its third autonomous water vehicle.That boat is expected to be four meters long and is designed to carry up to six passengers.
The team says its autonomous system is designed to involve separate boats working together.For example，Roboat Ⅱ vehicles can link up in larger groups guided by a leader boat，the researchers say.The follower boats can travel next to the leader boat，in front of it or in back of it.This ability can greatly increase the possibilities of autonomous water vehicles meant to transport goods.
The MIT team plans to use what it has learned from its first two Roboats to create a model of its biggest autonomous boat yet.The researchers will test that boat in Amsterdam，as well.After that，the team plans to start testing the vehicles in environments with "noisier waters"，such as conditions found in the ocean.
（1）What is the purpose of MIT's project？
A．To help build a watery city.
B．To solve the traffic problems in Amsterdam.
C．To build self﹣driving water vehicles for delivery.
D．To make full use of the network of canals in cities.
（2）What can we learn about the Roboat Ⅱ？
A．It is guided by light lasers.
B．It is flexible in turning round.
C．It has already been used widely.
D．It can transport 6 people at a time.
（3）What does "This ability" in paragraph 5 refer to？
A．Connecting separate boats.
B．Directing a leader boat.
C．Carrying goods and passengers.
D．Making way for other boats.
（4）What can we infer about the Roboats in the future？
A．They are lighter.
B．They are fully automatic.
C．They are more adaptable.
D．They are environment﹣friendly.
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．（2024秋 永春县校级期末）Audrey Hepburn was born in Belgium in 1929.She liked to spend time with her father.Perhaps he was not a warm father，but he was joyous and joked a lot.He had his horses，spoke 13 languages，and would take her gliding（滑翔）. （1） When she was six，Audrey's father walked out.
It was the first major blow in her life.From then on，Audrey's childhood was unsettled.Her mother decided that it might be a good idea for her to learn English，so she sent her to a boarding school.（2） She felt like an outsider，but she learned English.
Very soon the war broke out.Audrey's mother sent for Audrey to join her in Holland.They were taken in by Audrey's wealthy grandfather.Within a year，the Nazis turned against the Dutch.Then there was no heating，no school and no food.（3） She showed remarkable resilience（迅速恢复的能力）during the war.
Audrey made her performance debut（初次表演）by dancing in wartime Holland.She didn't know how long the war was going to last，so she went to ballet（芭蕾舞）school and learned to dance.（4） After the war ended，Audrey carried on with her ballet training.In 1951，a famous French writer was looking for a leading lady for her best﹣loved novel.（5） Audrey was to take America by storm.
A.And then everything changed.
B.Yet，Audrey's spirit shone through.
C.But it was difficult for Audrey to fit in.
D.When she saw Audrey，she famously said，"I've found my Gigi！"
E.It played an important role in making her more famous than ever.
F.About a year before the end of the war，she became quite an excellent performer.
G.In May 1940，Audrey and her family crossed the border and went into Holland.
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．（2024秋 船山区校级期中）Mr．Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children．He owned （1） farm，which looked almost abandoned．（2） （lucky），he also had a cow which produced milk every day．He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby （3） other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what（4） （leave）．The cow was their only means of support，in fact．One day，the cow was eating grass （5） it began to rain heavily．While making great efforts to run away，she （6） （fall） over the hill and died．Then the Johnson tried to make a living （7） the cow．In order to support his family，Mr．Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables．Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees （8） （sell） the wood．Thinking about his children's clothes，he started growing cotton too．When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market （9） people from the town met regularly．Now it occurred to （10） that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck．
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．（2024秋 白云区校级期中）It was hard work and determination as well as her （温柔的） nature that got her into medical school.
9．（2024春 海珠区校级期末）Viewing childhood development as a s （科学的）investigation throws light on how children learn.
10．（2024秋 历城区校级期中）Even though Florence Nightingale （遇到） tough difficulties，she devoted all her life to nursing career and public health.
11．（2024秋 碑林区校级期末）In c （结论），parents have to change some of their belief about how children should be raised.
12．（2024秋 潮阳区校级期中）The hospital has recently （获得） new medical equipment，allowing more patients to be treated.
六．词性转换（共5小题）
13．（2024秋 朝阳区校级期中）During the Mid﹣Autumn Festival，family members often gather together （share） a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes．
14．（2024秋 思明区校级期中）This kind of cloth washes well，irons easily and （wear） long.（所给词的适当形式填空）
15．（2024秋 宝应县校级月考）Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench，hands trembling as he （gentle） placed his fingers on the keys.
16．（2022春 洮南市校级月考）It is indeed an honour for China's （science） research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
17．（2024秋 集美区校级期中）After four decades of reform and opening﹣up，Silicon Valley of China has （gradual）become a global hardware center.
七．书面表达（共2小题）
18．（2021春 南岗区校级期末）你校正在组织英语作文比赛．请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因．
注意：1．词数100左右；2．短文题目和首句已为你写好．
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us．________________________________
19．（2024春 曲阜市校级期中）Jenny was the only child in her home.She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily.
She couldn't help weeping sorrowfully when she thought of the scolding from her mother.Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours，she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat，but it was not even possible for her，since she had nothing with her.She stood beside a stand for a while，watching the middle﹣aged seller busy doing his business.However，with no money in hand，she sighed and had to leave.
The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked， "Hey，girl，you want to have the noodles？
"Oh，yes…，but I don't have money on me…" she replied.
"That's nothing.I'll treat you today，" said the man. "Come in."
The seller brought her a bowl of noodles，whose smell was so attractive.
As she was eating，Jenny cried silently.
"What is it？" asked the man kindly.
"Nothing，actually I was just touched by your kindness!" said Jenny as she wiped her tears. "Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles，while my mother，drove me out of the house.She showed no care for me.She is so merciless compared to a stranger!!"
Hearing the words，the seller smiled， "Girl，do you really think so？I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot.But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby.Can you number the times she cooked for you？Have you expressed your gratitude to her？"
Jenny sat there，speechless and numb with shock？she remembered Mother's familiar face and weathered hands. "Why did I not think of that？A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel indebted，but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me."
On the way home，Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Approaching，the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.__________.
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.__________.
Unit 1 People of Achievement
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．（2024秋 江北区校级月考）When I was a boy，our extended，immigrant family would sometimes gather together at my great aunt's tiny house over the summer.
Those were the days（1） B video games，smartphones，and motorized toys，so we often（2） D play a good old﹣fashioned game of tag（捉人游戏）.I（3） B one of those times especially.I was the youngest and smallest of all the kids there so I got（4） C first and couldn't catch anyone else.Though I（5） A after my brothers and cousins hard they were all too（6） D for me.I grew more and more（7） C .
I finally rushed to one of my brothers and（8） A face first into the dirt.I got up with（9） D in my eyes.Then I saw one of my female（10） B standing there.She started to run but was going much（11） C than before.I easily caught up and tagged her.Then she turned to me，（12） D ，and said， "It's my turn！You'd better run!"I ran off（13） A while she turned and started to run after one of my older brothers.
I see now how her act of（14） B that day saved me from sadness and returned me to joy.It didn't（15） A that we hardly ever saw each other.We were family and she loved me.
（1） A．with B．before C．for D．on
（2） A．put off B．kept from C．went on D．ended up
（3） A．consider B．remember C．choose D．enjoy
（4） A．defeated B．bullied C．caught D．found
（5） A．ran B．sought C．shouted D．searched
（6） A．strong B．rude C．hard D．fast
（7） A．puzzled B．interested C．upset D．excited
（8） A．fell B．threw C．hid D．lost
（9） A．stars B．darkness C．dirt D．tears
（10） A．sisters B．cousins C．fellows D．enemies
（11） A．nearer B．farther C．slower D．higher
（12） A．agreed B．teased C．joked D．smiled
（13） A．happily B．freely C．peacefully D．luckily
（14） A．education B．kindness C．gratitude D．cheating
（15） A．matter B．help C．turn D．mind
【答案】（1）﹣（5）BDBCA（6）﹣（10）DCADB（11）﹣（15）CDABA
【分析】本文作者写了自己在小的时候一次家庭聚会中玩游戏的时候，表姐的一个善举把作者从悲伤中拯救出来的故事。
【解答】（1）B .考查介词及语境理解。A.with和；B.before在……之前；C.for为了；D.on在……之上。下文叙述的活动发生在电子游戏、智能手机和电动玩具出现前（before）的日子，故答案为B。
（2）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.put off推迟；B.kept from阻止；C.went on继续；D.ended up最终。因为儿时没有电子游戏、智能手机和电动玩具，所以"我们"最后玩捉人游戏。故答案为D。
（3）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.consider考虑；B.remember记得；C.choose选择；D.enjoy喜欢。根据下文内容可知，这里表示"我"尤其记得（ remember）其中一次。故答案为B。
（4）C .考查动词及语境理解。A.defeated击败；B.bullied欺凌；C.caught抓住；D.found发现。根据上文中的"playing a good old﹣fashioned game of tag（捉人游戏）"以及下文中的"couldn't catch anyone else"可知，作者是第一个被抓（caught）的，故答案为C。
（5）A .考查动词及语境理解。A.ran跑，追赶；B.sought寻求；C.shouted喊叫；D.searched寻找。根据上文中的"couldn't catch anyone else"可知这个游戏是要抓人，因此"我"追赶其他人，故答案为A。
（6）D .考查形容词及语境理解。A.strong强壮的；B.rude粗鲁的；C.hard困难的；D.fast快的。根据上文中的"I was the youngest and smallest of all the kids there" 以及"my brothers and cousins"可 知，这里说的是他们对"我"来说都太快（fast）了，故答案为D。
（7）C .考查形容词及语境理解。A.puzzled困惑的；B.interested感兴趣的；C.upset沮丧的；D.excited激动的。根据上文中的"As hard as I（5）after my brothers and cousins they were all too for me"可知，因为"我"抓不住其他人，"我"越来越沮丧（upset）。故答案为C。
（8）A .考查动词及语境理解。A.fell倒下；B.threw扔；C.hid躲藏；D.lost失去。根据下文中的"I got up"可知，这里说的是最后"我"冲到"我"的一个哥哥跟前，脸朝下摔（fell）到地.上。故答案为A。
（9）D .考查名词及语境理解。A.stars星；B.darkness黑暗；C.dirt泥土；D.tears眼泪。根据下文中的"in my eyes"可知，这里说的是"我"眼含泪水（tears）地站起来。故答案为D。
（10）B .考查名词及语境理解。A.sisters妹妹；B.cousins堂兄，表姐；C.fellows同伴；D.enemies敌人。根据上文"my brothers and cousins"以及下文"She started to run"可知这里指的是"我"的一个表姐（cousin），故答案为B。
（11）C .考查形容词及语境理解。A.nearer更近；B.farther更远；C.slower更慢；D.higher更高。根据下文中的转折连词"but"以及比较对象"than before"和下文中的"I easily caught up and tagged her"可知，她开始跑，但跑得比以前慢得多。故答案为C。
（12）D .考查动词及语境理解。A.agreed同意；B.teased取笑；C.joked开玩笑；D.smiled微笑。"我"表姐是要帮我，所.以她那时应该是转向"我"，微笑（smiled）着说："该我了!你最好快跑!"故答案为D。
（13）A .考查副词及语境理解。A.happily幸福地；B.freely自由地；C.peacefully和平地；D.luckily幸运地。"我"被替换下来，"我"应该是高兴地（happily）跑开了。故答案为A。
（14）B .考查名词及语境理解。A.education教育；B.kindness善良；C.gratitude感激；D.cheating欺骗。是表姐的这种友善（kindness）的行为把"我"从悲伤中拯救出来，并使"我"恢复了快乐。故答案为B。
（15）A .考查动词及语境理解。A.matter要紧；B.help帮助；C.turn转变；D.mind介意。根据下文中的"We were family and she loved me"可知，这里表达的是"我们"几乎没见过面，不过也没关系（matter）。故答案为A。
【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．（2024秋 和平区校级期中）Children's Museum of Oak Ridge
Located in a historic Manhattan Project﹣era building，this museum is the place for visitors to earn about art，science，history，culture，and healthy living.With over 20 child﹣friendly exhibits to explore，it provides something of interest for everyone.
Address：461 W.Outer Dr.Oak Ridge，TN 37830
Admission：Adults： ＄8.00；Seniors： ＄7.00；Children 3 & Up：＄6.00；Children under 3：Free
Children's Museum of Science and Technology
Founded in 1954，CMOST is the region's only science center.CMOST provides an engaging，child﹣directed learning environment which enables children to learn and grow through play.Designed for children aged 18 months through the tween years，the museum enables children to observe，think，and learn in a pressure﹣free environment by pairing creative educational tools and techniques with engaging exhibits to support active learning.
Address：250 Jordan Road Troy，NY 12180
Admission： ＄ 8.00 per person aged 2 and up
African American Museum of Iowa
The AAMI is a statewide museum aimed at keeping and teaching Iowa's African American history.As Iowa's leading educational resource on the topic，it educates more than 30，000 people each year through museum tours，travelling exhibits，research services，youth and adult education programs，and community and fundraising events.
Address：5512th Avenue SE，Cedar Rapids，IA 52401
Admission：Adults：＄6.00；Seniors：＄5.00；Students / Youth：＄3.50；Children under 5：Free
Kingman Museum
Kingman Museum is a hidden treasure in Southwest Michigan housing an extensive（大量的）natural history collection.As a local landmark in Battle Creek for over 80 years，Kingman Museum works to provide a universal place of hands﹣on learning for the community.
Address：175 Limit St.Battle Creek，MI 49037
Admission：Free
（1）Which museum charges a child aged 5 ＄6.00？ B
A．Kingman Museum.
B．Children's Museum of Oak Ridge.
C．African American Museum of Iowa.
D．Children's Museum of Science and Technology.
（2）What can we know about CMOST？ C
A．It is a statewide museum.
B．It used to be a science lab.
C．It uses creative educational tools.
D．It is designed for children to play.
（3）What's the goal of African American Museum of Iowa？ D
A．Exhibiting artworks.
B．Raising funds for programs.
C．Providing learning sites for communities.
D．Protecting the African American history.
【答案】BCD
【分析】本文是一 篇应用文。主要介绍了四家博物馆。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据原文Children's Museum of Oak Ridge部分中的 Admission：Adults： ＄8.00；Seniors： ＄7.00；Children 3 & Up：＄6.00；Children under 3：Free（门票：成人：8.00美元；老人：7.00美元；3岁及以上儿童：6.00美元；3岁以下儿童免费）可知，在这个博物馆5岁的孩子收费6美元。故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据原文Children's Museum of Science and Technology中的the museum enables children to observe，think，and learn in a pressure﹣free environment by pairing creative educational tools and techniques with engaging exhibits to support active learning.（ 博物馆通过将创造性的教育工具和技术与吸引人的展品配对，以支持积极的学习，使儿童能够在无压力的环境中观察、思考和学习）可知，CMOST使用创造性教育工具。故选C。
（3）D.目的意图题。根据原文African American Museum of lowa部分中的"The AAMI is a statewide museum aimed at keeping and teaching Iowa's African American history. （AAMI是一个全州范围的博物馆，旨在保存和教授爱荷华州的非裔美国人历史。）可知，这家博物馆是一家州级博物馆，目的是保存和教育人们关于爱荷华州非裔美国人的历史。故选D。
【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
3．（2024秋 湘桥区校级月考）There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier，"Paper or plastic？" Well，which type of bag would you choose？
While both types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are better.They are made from a renewable source，are broken down easily，burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled.However，the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones.How can this be true？
Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production.And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger.Besides，the influence on forests is very serious.It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags，which happen to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly.In terms of recycling，the idea that paper bags are more environment﹣friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded.Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper.
Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones，plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two by governments.In Ireland，for example，a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags.People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag，and as a result，their use has dropped quickly.
There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags.However，we don't seem to be doing that at present.That may be because they fall apart quickly.If so，cloth bags are better choice，but still，their production also has a bad influence on the environment.So what to do？How should we answer the question of "Paper or plastic？" It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question： "What can I do to help the environment？"
（1）The question at the end of Paragraph 1 is used to A .
A．introduce the point for discussion
B．tell readers how to save money
C．express the author's doubts
D．show the kindness of the cashier
（2）Compared with plastic bags，paper bags C .
A．take more time to break down
B．require less energy to recycle
C．need more water to produce
D．have less influence on forests
（3）What does the underlined word "discarded" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ D
A．Share.
B．Put forward.
C．Discuss.
D．Give up.
（4）Which question does the author probably hope the cashier ask？ B
A．Paper or cloth？
B．A new bag or your own one？
C．A small bag or big one？
D．Paper or plastic？
【答案】（1）﹣﹣（4）ACDB
【分析】本文一篇说明文，主要介绍了购物时纸袋的使用，提出问题：纸袋真的如人们想象的一样，是环境友好型吗？最后呼吁大家循环使用购物袋，保护环境。
【解答】（1）A．写作意图题。根据第二段第一句话"While all types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder"（虽然各种类型的袋子对环境都有一定的影响，但人们早就认为纸袋更环保）可知，作者提出问题是为了引出下文的讨论，纸袋真的更好吗？故选A．
（2）C．细节理解题。根据第三段"And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher"（制造它们所用的水量是原来的20倍）可知，与塑料袋相比，纸袋需要更多的水来生产。故选C．
（3）D．词义猜测题。根据第三段"Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper"（研究表明，回收塑料所需的能量比回收纸张少98%）可知，回收塑料比回收纸袋要更节约能量，故"the idea that paper bags are more environment﹣friendly than plastic ones"（纸袋比塑料袋更环保的想法）是错误的，应该放弃，A.share分享；B.Put forward提出；C.Discuss讨论；D.Give up放弃。故选D.
（4）B．推理判断题。根据最后一段"There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags"（毫无疑问，重复利用这些袋子更加有意义）可知，我们买的新纸袋子同样有害于环境（即使这些纸袋子很快就降解"fall apart "了），所以，为了我们的环境更加优美，我们在生活中真的要多想想该怎样做才能"对环境有帮助（help the environment）"是"用你家的自己的购物袋还是新买购物袋（A new bag or your own one ？）"故选B．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4．（2019秋 亭湖区校级期中）Two years ago，photographer Gen started his latest project visiting local communities in Latin America．The photo that gave birth to his "You are so beautiful" project was entirely unplanned．
In January 2015，Gen was in San Cristobal de las Casas，Mexico．He had been trying to get his female subject to feel more comfortable before his camera，and when a request for her to smile didn't quite work，he found himself telling her she was beautiful．The result of his shot was so sincere and heartwarming that he decided he had found the concept of his new project．Gen is still on his journey to capture the power of this compliment （赞美）．The photos he's already published on his website，however，show the unbelievable effect these simple words can have．
When asked to have her photo taken，Mathilda from Quetzaltenango，Guatemala，said， "I don't have any teeth．Please don't make me laugh．" After being told she was beautiful，she didn't seem to mind anymore． "She and I laughed a lot．It was a nice moment．" Gen said．
Margarita was selling fruit on a street in Otavalo，Ecuador，when Gen approached her．She agreed to pose for a picture after the photographer bought some of her fruit，but still didn't smile when he asked her to．Her smile was genuine，though，when she heard the compliment．
Gen met Juliana in a village in northern Colombia where desert meets the Caribbean Sea．The region is extremely dry，with some months seeing almost no rain，and Juliana wore a mask to protect her face from the sun．She was selling handicrafts when Gen approached her，and smiled happily when she received the compliment．
Mimba and baby Maya are from Brazil's Marubo tribe．Mimba was shy，and it was only on the second visit to her home that the photographer finally got her permission to take her photo．She seemed to relax，though，when he paid her a compliment．
（1）Where was the inspiration for Gen's latest project from？ C
A．His unplanned travel．
B．Praise for his photos．
C．A shooting experience．
D．His love for photography．
（2）Who did Gen meet twice？ B
A．Margarita．
B．Mimba．
C．Mathilda．
D．Juliana．
（3）What do the examples convey？ C
A．Gen thought highly of his subjects．
B．Sincere praise makes successful shots．
C．Complimenting applies to nearly all women．
D．Women are nervous when having photos taken．
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？ D
A．To introduce the effect of photography．
B．To provide some advice on complimenting．
C．To share his experiences of complimenting．
D．To show the amazing power of complimenting．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文章通过讲述摄影师给那些害羞的人拍照，通过不断的鼓励让他们不再害羞胆怯，说明赞美的力量非常强大．
【解答】（1）C．事实判断题．根据第二段中的"The result of his shot was so sincere and heartwarming that he decided he had found the concept of his new project"他拍摄的结果是如此真诚和感人，以至于他认为他已经找到了他的新项目的创意．可知一次拍摄经历是Gen最新项目的灵感来源，故选C．
（2）B．细节理解题．根据最后一段中的"Mimba was shy，and it was only on the second visit to her home that the photographer finally got her permission to take her photo"Mimba很害羞，只有在第二次去她家时，摄影师才得到她拍照的许可．可知，Gen见了Mimba2次，故选B．
（3）C．推理判断题．根据例子描述，这些女性拍摄对象开始拍照时表现不自然，摄影师赞美她们之后，个个都 表情自然舒展，微笑真诚．由此可以推断赞美适用于几乎所有的女人，故选C．
（4）D．写作意图题．根据文章内容可知，本文旨在通过摄影师Gen的拍摄经历说明赞美的力量，故选D．
【点评】本文主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题．在做细节理解题时，首先根据题目要求迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语．认真比较选项和文中细节的区别，在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
5．The development and testing of self﹣driving car technology has seen major progress in recent years.But engineers are working on other kinds of autonomous vehicles too﹣including some built for water.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have been developing autonomous water vehicles called "Roboat".The word is a combination of "robot" and "boat".The project﹣which began in 2016﹣aims to create a group of boats to transport goods and people along the waterways of Amsterdam.The Dutch capital has been called "the most watery city in the world" because of its large network of canals（运河）.
The engineers centred past efforts on autonomous boats designed to transport small goods.But the project's latest creation，the Roboat Ⅱ，can also carry passengers.The electric﹣powered Roboat Ⅱ has four propellers（推进器）that permit it to move in any direction.It is equipped with a series of cameras and sensors to guide its movements.It also uses light lasers to map the environment and measure distances.The Roboat Ⅱ measures two meters by one meter and weighs about 80 kilograms.The model can carry two passengers.
The MIT team is currently developing its third autonomous water vehicle.That boat is expected to be four meters long and is designed to carry up to six passengers.
The team says its autonomous system is designed to involve separate boats working together.For example，Roboat Ⅱ vehicles can link up in larger groups guided by a leader boat，the researchers say.The follower boats can travel next to the leader boat，in front of it or in back of it.This ability can greatly increase the possibilities of autonomous water vehicles meant to transport goods.
The MIT team plans to use what it has learned from its first two Roboats to create a model of its biggest autonomous boat yet.The researchers will test that boat in Amsterdam，as well.After that，the team plans to start testing the vehicles in environments with "noisier waters"，such as conditions found in the ocean.
（1）What is the purpose of MIT's project？ C
A．To help build a watery city.
B．To solve the traffic problems in Amsterdam.
C．To build self﹣driving water vehicles for delivery.
D．To make full use of the network of canals in cities.
（2）What can we learn about the Roboat Ⅱ？ B
A．It is guided by light lasers.
B．It is flexible in turning round.
C．It has already been used widely.
D．It can transport 6 people at a time.
（3）What does "This ability" in paragraph 5 refer to？ A
A．Connecting separate boats.
B．Directing a leader boat.
C．Carrying goods and passengers.
D．Making way for other boats.
（4）What can we infer about the Roboats in the future？ C
A．They are lighter.
B．They are fully automatic.
C．They are more adaptable.
D．They are environment﹣friendly.
【答案】CBAC
【分析】本文主要介绍了科学家们新设计的自动驾驶船，它可以用来运送货物和乘客。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据原文第二段The project﹣which began in 2016﹣aims to create a group of boats to transport goods and people along the waterways of Amsterdam.（该项目开始于2016年，旨在创造一组船只，沿着阿姆斯特丹的水路运输货物和人员。）可知，MIT的项目的目的是建造用来运送货物
和人的自动驾驶船。故选C。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据原文第三段The electric﹣powered Roboat Ⅱ has four propellers（推进器）that permit it to move in any direction.（电动机器人RoboatⅡ有四个螺旋桨，可以向任何方向移动。）可知，自动驾驶船转向灵活。故选B。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据原文第五段The team says its autonomous system is designed to involve separate boats working together.For example，Roboat Ⅱ vehicles can link up in larger groups guided by a leader boat，the researchers say.The follower boats can travel next to the leader boat，in front of it or in back of it.（该团队表示，其自主系统的设计是让不同的船一起工作。例如，研究人员说，RoboatⅡ的车辆可以在一艘领队船的引导下结成更大的群体。跟随船可以在领航船的旁边航行，也可以在领航船的前面或后面。）可知，Roboat II能够将一些船连接起来。故选A。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据原文最后一段The MIT team plans to use what it has learned from its first two Roboats to create a model of its biggest autonomous boat yet.The researchers will test that boat in Amsterdam，as well.After that，the team plans to start testing the vehicles in environments with "noisier waters"，such as conditions found in the ocean.（麻省理工学院的团队计划利用从前两款Roboats中学到的知识，制造出迄今为止最大的自动船模型。研究人员也将在阿姆斯特丹测试这艘船。之后，该团队计划开始在"噪音更大的水域"环境中测试车辆，比如在海洋中发现的环境。）可知，自动驾驶船在未来适应不同环境的能力会更强。故选C。
【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．（2024秋 永春县校级期末）Audrey Hepburn was born in Belgium in 1929.She liked to spend time with her father.Perhaps he was not a warm father，but he was joyous and joked a lot.He had his horses，spoke 13 languages，and would take her gliding（滑翔）. （1） A When she was six，Audrey's father walked out.
It was the first major blow in her life.From then on，Audrey's childhood was unsettled.Her mother decided that it might be a good idea for her to learn English，so she sent her to a boarding school.（2） C She felt like an outsider，but she learned English.
Very soon the war broke out.Audrey's mother sent for Audrey to join her in Holland.They were taken in by Audrey's wealthy grandfather.Within a year，the Nazis turned against the Dutch.Then there was no heating，no school and no food.（3） B She showed remarkable resilience（迅速恢复的能力）during the war.
Audrey made her performance debut（初次表演）by dancing in wartime Holland.She didn't know how long the war was going to last，so she went to ballet（芭蕾舞）school and learned to dance.（4） F After the war ended，Audrey carried on with her ballet training.In 1951，a famous French writer was looking for a leading lady for her best﹣loved novel.（5） D Audrey was to take America by storm.
A.And then everything changed.
B.Yet，Audrey's spirit shone through.
C.But it was difficult for Audrey to fit in.
D.When she saw Audrey，she famously said，"I've found my Gigi！"
E.It played an important role in making her more famous than ever.
F.About a year before the end of the war，she became quite an excellent performer.
G.In May 1940，Audrey and her family crossed the border and went into Holland.
【答案】ACBFD
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了奥黛丽 赫本成名前的故事。
【解答】（1）A.推理判断题。根据前句She liked to spend time with her father ...and would take her gliding表示"她喜欢和父亲呆在一起。也许他不是一个热情的父亲，但他很快乐，经常开玩笑。他有马，会说13种语言，还会带她滑翔"；以及后句Audrey's father walked out"和"It was the first major blow in her life.From then on，Audrey's childhood was unsettled表示"奥黛丽的父亲走了出去；这是她生命中的第一次重大打击。从那时起，奥黛丽的童年就不稳定了"，可知表示"然后一切都变了"的选项A可以起到承上启下的作用，故选A。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据后句She felt like an outsider表示"她觉得自己是个局外人"，可知表示"但是奥黛丽很难适应"的选项C符合前后的语境，an outsider和difficult for Audrey to fit in是关联词，故选C。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据前句Then there was no heating，no school and no food表示"那时没有暖气，没有学校，也没有食物"，以及后句She showed remarkable resilience during the war表示"战争期间，她表现出非凡的韧性"，可知表示"然而，奥黛丽的精神却闪耀着光芒"的选项B符合前后的语境，和前句构成转折关系，后句是对它的证明，故选B。
（4）F.细节理解题。根据后句After the war ended表示"在战争结束后"，可知表示"大约在战争结束前一年，她成为了一名出色的演员"的选项F符合前后的语境，the war ended是原词复现，故选F。
（5）D.细节理解题。根据前句a famous French writer was looking for a leading lady表示"一位著名的法国作家正在为她最喜爱的小说寻找一位女主角"，可知表示"当她看到奥黛丽时，她有句名言：我找到了我的吉吉！"的选项D符合前后的语境，she代指a famous French writer，故选D。
【点评】做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．（2024秋 船山区校级期中）Mr．Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children．He owned （1） a farm，which looked almost abandoned．（2） luckily （lucky），he also had a cow which produced milk every day．He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby （3） for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what（4） was left （leave）．The cow was their only means of support，in fact．One day，the cow was eating grass （5） when it began to rain heavily．While making great efforts to run away，she （6） fell （fall） over the hill and died．Then the Johnson tried to make a living （7） without the cow．In order to support his family，Mr．Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables．Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees （8） to sell （sell） the wood．Thinking about his children's clothes，he started growing cotton too．When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market （9） where people from the town met regularly．Now it occurred to （10） him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲述的是Johnson先生一家人依靠农场里的奶牛维持生活，但是一次意外奶牛摔死了．Johnson先生不得不想其他办法继续生活．他一边种药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去集上卖木头．在他看来，他的农场有很大的潜力，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气．
【解答】61．a 62．luckily 63．for 64．was left 65．when
66．fell 67．without 68．to sell 69．where 70．him
61．a 考查冠词．farm意为"农场"，是可数名词，其前加不定冠词a，表示泛指．
62．luckily 考查副词．副词形式修饰整个句子，lucky的副词是luckily．
63．for 考查介词．exchange…for…意为"用…换…"，是固定搭配．
64．was left 考查动词时态和语态．what与leave之间为动宾关系，what was left是一个宾语从句，根据句意可知用被动语态．
65．when 考查连词．was doing…when…意为"正在做某事时，突然…"，when是并列连词，意为"这时"．
66．fell 考查动词时态．and是并列连词，它前后连接两个相同的语法成分，此处与died并列，指动作先后发生，都要用一般过去时态．
67．without 考查介词．根据文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson先生就不得不在没有了奶牛情况下生活．
68．to sell 考查动词不定式．他砍树的目的是卖木材，用动词不定式to sell作目的状语．
69．where 考查定语从句．分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词the market表示地点，用关系副词where．
70．him 考查代词．It occurred to sb．that…某人突然发现…，是固定的句型，因为这篇短文讲述的是Johnson先生，故填him．
【点评】语法填空旨在考查学生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力．从总体上来说对学生的要求还是提高了，学生必须对整个语篇有总体的把握，然后根据上下文的逻辑关系进行分析的基础上确定每个空要填的是什么，解题时既需要有充足的词汇量，又需要对语法知识有比较明晰的理解和掌握，可以说综合性更强一些，更需要学生有合适的答题技巧．
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．（2024秋 白云区校级期中）It was hard work and determination as well as her gentle （温柔的） nature that got her into medical school.
【答案】gentle
【分析】正是努力工作和决心以及她温和的天性使她进入了医学院。
【解答】答案：gentle.分析句子可知，此处修饰名词nature，故用形容词gentle表示"温柔的"修饰名词nature。
故答案为gentle。
【点评】对于这种题型，要分析句子意思，再从结构和意义上对答案进行确定。
9．（2024春 海珠区校级期末）Viewing childhood development as a s cientific （科学的）investigation throws light on how children learn.
【答案】scientific
【分析】把儿童发展看成是一项科学调查，有助于我们了解儿童是如何学习的。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"科学的"可译为scientific，形容词scientific作定语修饰名词investigation。
故填：scientific。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
10．（2024秋 历城区校级期中）Even though Florence Nightingale encountered （遇到） tough difficulties，she devoted all her life to nursing career and public health.
【答案】encountered
【分析】尽管南丁格尔遇到了重重困难，但她将自己的一生都奉献给了护理事业和公共卫生事业。
【解答】根据句意，"遇到"应是encounter，根据下文中devoted可知，要用一般过去时。
故填：encountered。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词的拼写，再结合相关语法知识判断是否要对单词作出形式上的变化。
11．（2024秋 碑林区校级期末）In c onclusion （结论），parents have to change some of their belief about how children should be raised.
【答案】conclusion
【分析】总之，父母必须改变他们对如何抚养孩子的一些看法。
【解答】根据句意，总之，父母必须改变他们对如何抚养孩子的一些看法。结合首字母，考虑conclusion"结论"。in conclusion为固定短语，意为总而言之；最后；总而言之。
故填：conclusion。
【点评】对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
12．（2024秋 潮阳区校级期中）The hospital has recently obtained （获得） new medical equipment，allowing more patients to be treated.
【答案】obtained
【分析】这家医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，使得更多的病人得以接受治疗。
【解答】答案：obtained.根据汉语提示"获得"和空前的助动词has可知，此处应填入动词的过去分词形式，与has构成现在完成时，"获得"的英语是动词obtain，故填obtained。
【点评】解这类题目，首先要准确地理解句子，翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词或短语的词性，结合一定的语法知识，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更畅通。
六．词性转换（共5小题）
13．（2024秋 朝阳区校级期中）During the Mid﹣Autumn Festival，family members often gather together to share （share） a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】在中秋节期间，家庭成员经常聚在一起吃顿饭，赏月和吃月饼．
【解答】本题考查单词填空．句意：在中秋节期间，家庭成员经常聚在一起吃顿饭，赏月和吃月饼．动词不定式to share做补语，表示目的和补充说明，故填：to share
【点评】本题考查单词填空．要求考生首先掌握题干的具体意思，然后综合考虑人称、时态和句式，结合句子结构运用正确的词性、词形填空．
14．（2024秋 思明区校级期中）This kind of cloth washes well，irons easily and wears （wear） long.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】wears
【分析】这种布料耐洗、易熨烫、耐磨。
【解答】wear在此处为不及物动词，意为"耐用；耐久"，与long连用，表示主语自身的属性，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。本句中and连接并列的谓语动词，此处应与washes、irons一致用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填wears。
【点评】做单词填空题，首先要明确所给词的词性并弄清所给句子的意思，分析句子结构确定空白处所需的词性，结合语境做出合乎语法和惯用法的词形变化，最后填写拼写正确的单词。
15．（2024秋 宝应县校级月考）Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench，hands trembling as he gently （gentle） placed his fingers on the keys.
【答案】gently
【分析】史蒂夫走到钢琴旁，坐在长凳上，双手颤抖着，轻轻地把手指放在琴键上。
【解答】gentle"轻柔的"，副词gently修饰动词placed。
故填：gently。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
16．（2022春 洮南市校级月考）It is indeed an honour for China's scientific （science） research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
【答案】scientific
【分析】中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。
【解答】答案：scientific.形容词scientific作定语修饰名词research。故填：scientific。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
17．（2024秋 集美区校级期中）After four decades of reform and opening﹣up，Silicon Valley of China has gradually （gradual）become a global hardware center.
【答案】gradually
【分析】经过四十年的改革开放，中国硅谷逐渐成为全球硬件中心。
【解答】答案：gradually.分析句子可知，所填词作状语修饰动词become，应用副词gradually"逐渐地"，故填gradually.
【点评】做单词填空题，首先要弄清所给句子的意思，确定空白处所需的词性，结合语境做出合乎语法和惯用法的词形变化，填写拼写正确的单词。
七．书面表达（共2小题）
18．（2021春 南岗区校级期末）你校正在组织英语作文比赛．请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因．
注意：1．词数100左右；2．短文题目和首句已为你写好．
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us．________________________________
【答案】The person I respect
We have a lot of respectable people around us.They may be our teachers，parents or one of our elders.As for me，my father is the person I respect most.My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much.He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
When I come across the problems of learning in my study，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.He achieved a lot in his work，respected by his students.So，in my mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.
【分析】高分句型一：As for me，my father is the person I respect most.
译文：至于我，我父亲是我最尊敬的人。
分析：这句话使用I respect most作定语从句修饰the person。
高分句型二：When I come across the problems of learning in my study，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.
译文：当我在学习中遇到学习上的问题时，父亲会耐心地听我的，鼓励我勇敢地克服困难。
分析：这句话使用when引导时间状语从句。
【解答】The person I respect
We have a lot of respectable people around us.They may be our teachers，parents or one of our elders.As for me，my father is the person I respect most. 【高分句型一】My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much.He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work. （人物简介）
When I come across the problems of learning in my study，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. 【高分句型二】He achieved a lot in his work，respected by his students.So，in my mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.（尊敬和爱戴的原因）
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法．需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题．尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少．
19．（2024春 曲阜市校级期中）Jenny was the only child in her home.She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily.
She couldn't help weeping sorrowfully when she thought of the scolding from her mother.Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours，she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat，but it was not even possible for her，since she had nothing with her.She stood beside a stand for a while，watching the middle﹣aged seller busy doing his business.However，with no money in hand，she sighed and had to leave.
The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked， "Hey，girl，you want to have the noodles？
"Oh，yes…，but I don't have money on me…" she replied.
"That's nothing.I'll treat you today，" said the man. "Come in."
The seller brought her a bowl of noodles，whose smell was so attractive.
As she was eating，Jenny cried silently.
"What is it？" asked the man kindly.
"Nothing，actually I was just touched by your kindness!" said Jenny as she wiped her tears. "Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles，while my mother，drove me out of the house.She showed no care for me.She is so merciless compared to a stranger!!"
Hearing the words，the seller smiled， "Girl，do you really think so？I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot.But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby.Can you number the times she cooked for you？Have you expressed your gratitude to her？"
Jenny sat there，speechless and numb with shock？she remembered Mother's familiar face and weathered hands. "Why did I not think of that？A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel indebted，but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me."
On the way home，Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Approaching，the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.__________.
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.__________.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是记叙文。独生女珍妮和母亲吵了一架以后，离家出走，在她饥饿的时候，因为一位面摊老板送给她一碗面而感激不尽，老板让她想想母亲为她付出多少，珍妮下定决心到家向她母亲道歉。
高分句型一
Her palms sweating and throat tightening，she missed the days when she was the apple of Mother's eye.
分析：句子里，独立主格Her palms sweating and throat tightening作伴随状语；代指先行词the days，关系词when引导定语从句she was the apple of Mother's eye.
翻译：她手心出汗，喉咙紧绷，她怀念她是母亲掌上明珠的日子。
高分句型二
As the setting sun cast a golden glow on both of their faces，they embraced each other tightly.
分析：句子里，As引导时间状语从句the setting sun cast a golden glow on both of their faces.
翻译：夕阳在他们的脸上洒下金光，他们紧紧地拥抱在一起。
【解答】Approaching the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.Her palms sweating and throat tightening，she missed the days when she was the apple of Mother's eye.【高分句型一】She was so accustomed to accepting everything from Mom that she almost forgot to express timely gratitude，which led to the quarrel.With an empty stomach，she came across a seller of wisdom，whose words drove her to reflect on their relationship.Luckily，she was determined to admit her fault. "It's never too late to make a sincere apology." She whispered to herself，head down.（描述珍妮反思自己的错误）
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.She raised her head to see the familiar face and the worried eyes. "Here you come!I've been looking for you，" came the tired voice.Jenny couldn't help but throw herself into her mother's arms. "I'm sorry and thank you for all you have done for me." She could feel tears well up in her eyes. "You're always my little girl!" Mom eyed Jenny tenderly.As the setting sun cast a golden glow on both of their faces，they embraced each other tightly.【高分句型二】（描述珍妮向母亲道歉以及母亲对她的爱）
【点评】续写写作要求：
1.创造新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高；
2.使用多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解；
3.自然有效地使用段落间、语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。
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Unit 1 People of Achievement
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．（2024秋 江北区校级月考）When I was a boy，our extended，immigrant family would sometimes gather together at my great aunt's tiny house over the summer.
Those were the days（1） video games，smartphones，and motorized toys，so we often（2） play a good old﹣fashioned game of tag（捉人游戏）.I（3） one of those times especially.I was the youngest and smallest of all the kids there so I got（4） first and couldn't catch anyone else.Though I（5） after my brothers and cousins hard they were all too（6） for me.I grew more and more（7） .
I finally rushed to one of my brothers and（8） face first into the dirt.I got up with（9） in my eyes.Then I saw one of my female（10） standing there.She started to run but was going much（11） than before.I easily caught up and tagged her.Then she turned to me，（12） ，and said， "It's my turn！You'd better run!"I ran off（13） while she turned and started to run after one of my older brothers.
I see now how her act of（14） that day saved me from sadness and returned me to joy.It didn't（15） that we hardly ever saw each other.We were family and she loved me.
（1） A．with B．before C．for D．on
（2） A．put off B．kept from C．went on D．ended up
（3） A．consider B．remember C．choose D．enjoy
（4） A．defeated B．bullied C．caught D．found
（5） A．ran B．sought C．shouted D．searched
（6） A．strong B．rude C．hard D．fast
（7） A．puzzled B．interested C．upset D．excited
（8） A．fell B．threw C．hid D．lost
（9） A．stars B．darkness C．dirt D．tears
（10） A．sisters B．cousins C．fellows D．enemies
（11） A．nearer B．farther C．slower D．higher
（12） A．agreed B．teased C．joked D．smiled
（13） A．happily B．freely C．peacefully D．luckily
（14） A．education B．kindness C．gratitude D．cheating
（15） A．matter B．help C．turn D．mind
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．（2024秋 和平区校级期中）Children's Museum of Oak Ridge
Located in a historic Manhattan Project﹣era building，this museum is the place for visitors to earn about art，science，history，culture，and healthy living.With over 20 child﹣friendly exhibits to explore，it provides something of interest for everyone.
Address：461 W.Outer Dr.Oak Ridge，TN 37830
Admission：Adults： ＄8.00；Seniors： ＄7.00；Children 3 & Up：＄6.00；Children under 3：Free
Children's Museum of Science and Technology
Founded in 1954，CMOST is the region's only science center.CMOST provides an engaging，child﹣directed learning environment which enables children to learn and grow through play.Designed for children aged 18 months through the tween years，the museum enables children to observe，think，and learn in a pressure﹣free environment by pairing creative educational tools and techniques with engaging exhibits to support active learning.
Address：250 Jordan Road Troy，NY 12180
Admission： ＄ 8.00 per person aged 2 and up
African American Museum of Iowa
The AAMI is a statewide museum aimed at keeping and teaching Iowa's African American history.As Iowa's leading educational resource on the topic，it educates more than 30，000 people each year through museum tours，travelling exhibits，research services，youth and adult education programs，and community and fundraising events.
Address：5512th Avenue SE，Cedar Rapids，IA 52401
Admission：Adults：＄6.00；Seniors：＄5.00；Students / Youth：＄3.50；Children under 5：Free
Kingman Museum
Kingman Museum is a hidden treasure in Southwest Michigan housing an extensive（大量的）natural history collection.As a local landmark in Battle Creek for over 80 years，Kingman Museum works to provide a universal place of hands﹣on learning for the community.
Address：175 Limit St.Battle Creek，MI 49037
Admission：Free
（1）Which museum charges a child aged 5 ＄6.00？
A．Kingman Museum.
B．Children's Museum of Oak Ridge.
C．African American Museum of Iowa.
D．Children's Museum of Science and Technology.
（2）What can we know about CMOST？
A．It is a statewide museum.
B．It used to be a science lab.
C．It uses creative educational tools.
D．It is designed for children to play.
（3）What's the goal of African American Museum of Iowa？
A．Exhibiting artworks.
B．Raising funds for programs.
C．Providing learning sites for communities.
D．Protecting the African American history.
3．（2024秋 湘桥区校级月考）There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier，"Paper or plastic？" Well，which type of bag would you choose？
While both types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are better.They are made from a renewable source，are broken down easily，burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled.However，the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones.How can this be true？
Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production.And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger.Besides，the influence on forests is very serious.It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags，which happen to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly.In terms of recycling，the idea that paper bags are more environment﹣friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded.Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper.
Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones，plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two by governments.In Ireland，for example，a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags.People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag，and as a result，their use has dropped quickly.
There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags.However，we don't seem to be doing that at present.That may be because they fall apart quickly.If so，cloth bags are better choice，but still，their production also has a bad influence on the environment.So what to do？How should we answer the question of "Paper or plastic？" It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question： "What can I do to help the environment？"
（1）The question at the end of Paragraph 1 is used to .
A．introduce the point for discussion
B．tell readers how to save money
C．express the author's doubts
D．show the kindness of the cashier
（2）Compared with plastic bags，paper bags .
A．take more time to break down
B．require less energy to recycle
C．need more water to produce
D．have less influence on forests
（3）What does the underlined word "discarded" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A．Share.
B．Put forward.
C．Discuss.
D．Give up.
（4）Which question does the author probably hope the cashier ask？
A．Paper or cloth？
B．A new bag or your own one？
C．A small bag or big one？
D．Paper or plastic？
4．（2019秋 亭湖区校级期中）Two years ago，photographer Gen started his latest project visiting local communities in Latin America．The photo that gave birth to his "You are so beautiful" project was entirely unplanned．
In January 2015，Gen was in San Cristobal de las Casas，Mexico．He had been trying to get his female subject to feel more comfortable before his camera，and when a request for her to smile didn't quite work，he found himself telling her she was beautiful．The result of his shot was so sincere and heartwarming that he decided he had found the concept of his new project．Gen is still on his journey to capture the power of this compliment （赞美）．The photos he's already published on his website，however，show the unbelievable effect these simple words can have．
When asked to have her photo taken，Mathilda from Quetzaltenango，Guatemala，said， "I don't have any teeth．Please don't make me laugh．" After being told she was beautiful，she didn't seem to mind anymore． "She and I laughed a lot．It was a nice moment．" Gen said．
Margarita was selling fruit on a street in Otavalo，Ecuador，when Gen approached her．She agreed to pose for a picture after the photographer bought some of her fruit，but still didn't smile when he asked her to．Her smile was genuine，though，when she heard the compliment．
Gen met Juliana in a village in northern Colombia where desert meets the Caribbean Sea．The region is extremely dry，with some months seeing almost no rain，and Juliana wore a mask to protect her face from the sun．She was selling handicrafts when Gen approached her，and smiled happily when she received the compliment．
Mimba and baby Maya are from Brazil's Marubo tribe．Mimba was shy，and it was only on the second visit to her home that the photographer finally got her permission to take her photo．She seemed to relax，though，when he paid her a compliment．
（1）Where was the inspiration for Gen's latest project from？
A．His unplanned travel．
B．Praise for his photos．
C．A shooting experience．
D．His love for photography．
（2）Who did Gen meet twice？
A．Margarita．
B．Mimba．
C．Mathilda．
D．Juliana．
（3）What do the examples convey？
A．Gen thought highly of his subjects．
B．Sincere praise makes successful shots．
C．Complimenting applies to nearly all women．
D．Women are nervous when having photos taken．
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？
A．To introduce the effect of photography．
B．To provide some advice on complimenting．
C．To share his experiences of complimenting．
D．To show the amazing power of complimenting．
5．The development and testing of self﹣driving car technology has seen major progress in recent years.But engineers are working on other kinds of autonomous vehicles too﹣including some built for water.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have been developing autonomous water vehicles called "Roboat".The word is a combination of "robot" and "boat".The project﹣which began in 2016﹣aims to create a group of boats to transport goods and people along the waterways of Amsterdam.The Dutch capital has been called "the most watery city in the world" because of its large network of canals（运河）.
The engineers centred past efforts on autonomous boats designed to transport small goods.But the project's latest creation，the Roboat Ⅱ，can also carry passengers.The electric﹣powered Roboat Ⅱ has four propellers（推进器）that permit it to move in any direction.It is equipped with a series of cameras and sensors to guide its movements.It also uses light lasers to map the environment and measure distances.The Roboat Ⅱ measures two meters by one meter and weighs about 80 kilograms.The model can carry two passengers.
The MIT team is currently developing its third autonomous water vehicle.That boat is expected to be four meters long and is designed to carry up to six passengers.
The team says its autonomous system is designed to involve separate boats working together.For example，Roboat Ⅱ vehicles can link up in larger groups guided by a leader boat，the researchers say.The follower boats can travel next to the leader boat，in front of it or in back of it.This ability can greatly increase the possibilities of autonomous water vehicles meant to transport goods.
The MIT team plans to use what it has learned from its first two Roboats to create a model of its biggest autonomous boat yet.The researchers will test that boat in Amsterdam，as well.After that，the team plans to start testing the vehicles in environments with "noisier waters"，such as conditions found in the ocean.
（1）What is the purpose of MIT's project？
A．To help build a watery city.
B．To solve the traffic problems in Amsterdam.
C．To build self﹣driving water vehicles for delivery.
D．To make full use of the network of canals in cities.
（2）What can we learn about the Roboat Ⅱ？
A．It is guided by light lasers.
B．It is flexible in turning round.
C．It has already been used widely.
D．It can transport 6 people at a time.
（3）What does "This ability" in paragraph 5 refer to？
A．Connecting separate boats.
B．Directing a leader boat.
C．Carrying goods and passengers.
D．Making way for other boats.
（4）What can we infer about the Roboats in the future？
A．They are lighter.
B．They are fully automatic.
C．They are more adaptable.
D．They are environment﹣friendly.
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．（2024秋 永春县校级期末）Audrey Hepburn was born in Belgium in 1929.She liked to spend time with her father.Perhaps he was not a warm father，but he was joyous and joked a lot.He had his horses，spoke 13 languages，and would take her gliding（滑翔）. （1） When she was six，Audrey's father walked out.
It was the first major blow in her life.From then on，Audrey's childhood was unsettled.Her mother decided that it might be a good idea for her to learn English，so she sent her to a boarding school.（2） She felt like an outsider，but she learned English.
Very soon the war broke out.Audrey's mother sent for Audrey to join her in Holland.They were taken in by Audrey's wealthy grandfather.Within a year，the Nazis turned against the Dutch.Then there was no heating，no school and no food.（3） She showed remarkable resilience（迅速恢复的能力）during the war.
Audrey made her performance debut（初次表演）by dancing in wartime Holland.She didn't know how long the war was going to last，so she went to ballet（芭蕾舞）school and learned to dance.（4） After the war ended，Audrey carried on with her ballet training.In 1951，a famous French writer was looking for a leading lady for her best﹣loved novel.（5） Audrey was to take America by storm.
A.And then everything changed.
B.Yet，Audrey's spirit shone through.
C.But it was difficult for Audrey to fit in.
D.When she saw Audrey，she famously said，"I've found my Gigi！"
E.It played an important role in making her more famous than ever.
F.About a year before the end of the war，she became quite an excellent performer.
G.In May 1940，Audrey and her family crossed the border and went into Holland.
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．（2024秋 船山区校级期中）Mr．Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children．He owned （1） farm，which looked almost abandoned．（2） （lucky），he also had a cow which produced milk every day．He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby （3） other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what（4） （leave）．The cow was their only means of support，in fact．One day，the cow was eating grass （5） it began to rain heavily．While making great efforts to run away，she （6） （fall） over the hill and died．Then the Johnson tried to make a living （7） the cow．In order to support his family，Mr．Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables．Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees （8） （sell） the wood．Thinking about his children's clothes，he started growing cotton too．When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market （9） people from the town met regularly．Now it occurred to （10） that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck．
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．（2024秋 白云区校级期中）It was hard work and determination as well as her （温柔的） nature that got her into medical school.
9．（2024春 海珠区校级期末）Viewing childhood development as a s （科学的）investigation throws light on how children learn.
10．（2024秋 历城区校级期中）Even though Florence Nightingale （遇到） tough difficulties，she devoted all her life to nursing career and public health.
11．（2024秋 碑林区校级期末）In c （结论），parents have to change some of their belief about how children should be raised.
12．（2024秋 潮阳区校级期中）The hospital has recently （获得） new medical equipment，allowing more patients to be treated.
六．词性转换（共5小题）
13．（2024秋 朝阳区校级期中）During the Mid﹣Autumn Festival，family members often gather together （share） a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes．
14．（2024秋 思明区校级期中）This kind of cloth washes well，irons easily and （wear） long.（所给词的适当形式填空）
15．（2024秋 宝应县校级月考）Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench，hands trembling as he （gentle） placed his fingers on the keys.
16．（2022春 洮南市校级月考）It is indeed an honour for China's （science） research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
17．（2024秋 集美区校级期中）After four decades of reform and opening﹣up，Silicon Valley of China has （gradual）become a global hardware center.
七．书面表达（共2小题）
18．（2021春 南岗区校级期末）你校正在组织英语作文比赛．请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因．
注意：1．词数100左右；2．短文题目和首句已为你写好．
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us．________________________________
19．（2024春 曲阜市校级期中）Jenny was the only child in her home.She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily.
She couldn't help weeping sorrowfully when she thought of the scolding from her mother.Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours，she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat，but it was not even possible for her，since she had nothing with her.She stood beside a stand for a while，watching the middle﹣aged seller busy doing his business.However，with no money in hand，she sighed and had to leave.
The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked， "Hey，girl，you want to have the noodles？
"Oh，yes…，but I don't have money on me…" she replied.
"That's nothing.I'll treat you today，" said the man. "Come in."
The seller brought her a bowl of noodles，whose smell was so attractive.
As she was eating，Jenny cried silently.
"What is it？" asked the man kindly.
"Nothing，actually I was just touched by your kindness!" said Jenny as she wiped her tears. "Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles，while my mother，drove me out of the house.She showed no care for me.She is so merciless compared to a stranger!!"
Hearing the words，the seller smiled， "Girl，do you really think so？I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot.But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby.Can you number the times she cooked for you？Have you expressed your gratitude to her？"
Jenny sat there，speechless and numb with shock？she remembered Mother's familiar face and weathered hands. "Why did I not think of that？A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel indebted，but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me."
On the way home，Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Approaching，the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.__________.
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.__________.
Unit 1 People of Achievement
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．（2024秋 江北区校级月考）When I was a boy，our extended，immigrant family would sometimes gather together at my great aunt's tiny house over the summer.
Those were the days（1） B video games，smartphones，and motorized toys，so we often（2） D play a good old﹣fashioned game of tag（捉人游戏）.I（3） B one of those times especially.I was the youngest and smallest of all the kids there so I got（4） C first and couldn't catch anyone else.Though I（5） A after my brothers and cousins hard they were all too（6） D for me.I grew more and more（7） C .
I finally rushed to one of my brothers and（8） A face first into the dirt.I got up with（9） D in my eyes.Then I saw one of my female（10） B standing there.She started to run but was going much（11） C than before.I easily caught up and tagged her.Then she turned to me，（12） D ，and said， "It's my turn！You'd better run!"I ran off（13） A while she turned and started to run after one of my older brothers.
I see now how her act of（14） B that day saved me from sadness and returned me to joy.It didn't（15） A that we hardly ever saw each other.We were family and she loved me.
（1） A．with B．before C．for D．on
（2） A．put off B．kept from C．went on D．ended up
（3） A．consider B．remember C．choose D．enjoy
（4） A．defeated B．bullied C．caught D．found
（5） A．ran B．sought C．shouted D．searched
（6） A．strong B．rude C．hard D．fast
（7） A．puzzled B．interested C．upset D．excited
（8） A．fell B．threw C．hid D．lost
（9） A．stars B．darkness C．dirt D．tears
（10） A．sisters B．cousins C．fellows D．enemies
（11） A．nearer B．farther C．slower D．higher
（12） A．agreed B．teased C．joked D．smiled
（13） A．happily B．freely C．peacefully D．luckily
（14） A．education B．kindness C．gratitude D．cheating
（15） A．matter B．help C．turn D．mind
【答案】（1）﹣（5）BDBCA（6）﹣（10）DCADB（11）﹣（15）CDABA
【分析】本文作者写了自己在小的时候一次家庭聚会中玩游戏的时候，表姐的一个善举把作者从悲伤中拯救出来的故事。
【解答】（1）B .考查介词及语境理解。A.with和；B.before在……之前；C.for为了；D.on在……之上。下文叙述的活动发生在电子游戏、智能手机和电动玩具出现前（before）的日子，故答案为B。
（2）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.put off推迟；B.kept from阻止；C.went on继续；D.ended up最终。因为儿时没有电子游戏、智能手机和电动玩具，所以"我们"最后玩捉人游戏。故答案为D。
（3）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.consider考虑；B.remember记得；C.choose选择；D.enjoy喜欢。根据下文内容可知，这里表示"我"尤其记得（ remember）其中一次。故答案为B。
（4）C .考查动词及语境理解。A.defeated击败；B.bullied欺凌；C.caught抓住；D.found发现。根据上文中的"playing a good old﹣fashioned game of tag（捉人游戏）"以及下文中的"couldn't catch anyone else"可知，作者是第一个被抓（caught）的，故答案为C。
（5）A .考查动词及语境理解。A.ran跑，追赶；B.sought寻求；C.shouted喊叫；D.searched寻找。根据上文中的"couldn't catch anyone else"可知这个游戏是要抓人，因此"我"追赶其他人，故答案为A。
（6）D .考查形容词及语境理解。A.strong强壮的；B.rude粗鲁的；C.hard困难的；D.fast快的。根据上文中的"I was the youngest and smallest of all the kids there" 以及"my brothers and cousins"可 知，这里说的是他们对"我"来说都太快（fast）了，故答案为D。
（7）C .考查形容词及语境理解。A.puzzled困惑的；B.interested感兴趣的；C.upset沮丧的；D.excited激动的。根据上文中的"As hard as I（5）after my brothers and cousins they were all too for me"可知，因为"我"抓不住其他人，"我"越来越沮丧（upset）。故答案为C。
（8）A .考查动词及语境理解。A.fell倒下；B.threw扔；C.hid躲藏；D.lost失去。根据下文中的"I got up"可知，这里说的是最后"我"冲到"我"的一个哥哥跟前，脸朝下摔（fell）到地.上。故答案为A。
（9）D .考查名词及语境理解。A.stars星；B.darkness黑暗；C.dirt泥土；D.tears眼泪。根据下文中的"in my eyes"可知，这里说的是"我"眼含泪水（tears）地站起来。故答案为D。
（10）B .考查名词及语境理解。A.sisters妹妹；B.cousins堂兄，表姐；C.fellows同伴；D.enemies敌人。根据上文"my brothers and cousins"以及下文"She started to run"可知这里指的是"我"的一个表姐（cousin），故答案为B。
（11）C .考查形容词及语境理解。A.nearer更近；B.farther更远；C.slower更慢；D.higher更高。根据下文中的转折连词"but"以及比较对象"than before"和下文中的"I easily caught up and tagged her"可知，她开始跑，但跑得比以前慢得多。故答案为C。
（12）D .考查动词及语境理解。A.agreed同意；B.teased取笑；C.joked开玩笑；D.smiled微笑。"我"表姐是要帮我，所.以她那时应该是转向"我"，微笑（smiled）着说："该我了!你最好快跑!"故答案为D。
（13）A .考查副词及语境理解。A.happily幸福地；B.freely自由地；C.peacefully和平地；D.luckily幸运地。"我"被替换下来，"我"应该是高兴地（happily）跑开了。故答案为A。
（14）B .考查名词及语境理解。A.education教育；B.kindness善良；C.gratitude感激；D.cheating欺骗。是表姐的这种友善（kindness）的行为把"我"从悲伤中拯救出来，并使"我"恢复了快乐。故答案为B。
（15）A .考查动词及语境理解。A.matter要紧；B.help帮助；C.turn转变；D.mind介意。根据下文中的"We were family and she loved me"可知，这里表达的是"我们"几乎没见过面，不过也没关系（matter）。故答案为A。
【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．（2024秋 和平区校级期中）Children's Museum of Oak Ridge
Located in a historic Manhattan Project﹣era building，this museum is the place for visitors to earn about art，science，history，culture，and healthy living.With over 20 child﹣friendly exhibits to explore，it provides something of interest for everyone.
Address：461 W.Outer Dr.Oak Ridge，TN 37830
Admission：Adults： ＄8.00；Seniors： ＄7.00；Children 3 & Up：＄6.00；Children under 3：Free
Children's Museum of Science and Technology
Founded in 1954，CMOST is the region's only science center.CMOST provides an engaging，child﹣directed learning environment which enables children to learn and grow through play.Designed for children aged 18 months through the tween years，the museum enables children to observe，think，and learn in a pressure﹣free environment by pairing creative educational tools and techniques with engaging exhibits to support active learning.
Address：250 Jordan Road Troy，NY 12180
Admission： ＄ 8.00 per person aged 2 and up
African American Museum of Iowa
The AAMI is a statewide museum aimed at keeping and teaching Iowa's African American history.As Iowa's leading educational resource on the topic，it educates more than 30，000 people each year through museum tours，travelling exhibits，research services，youth and adult education programs，and community and fundraising events.
Address：5512th Avenue SE，Cedar Rapids，IA 52401
Admission：Adults：＄6.00；Seniors：＄5.00；Students / Youth：＄3.50；Children under 5：Free
Kingman Museum
Kingman Museum is a hidden treasure in Southwest Michigan housing an extensive（大量的）natural history collection.As a local landmark in Battle Creek for over 80 years，Kingman Museum works to provide a universal place of hands﹣on learning for the community.
Address：175 Limit St.Battle Creek，MI 49037
Admission：Free
（1）Which museum charges a child aged 5 ＄6.00？ B
A．Kingman Museum.
B．Children's Museum of Oak Ridge.
C．African American Museum of Iowa.
D．Children's Museum of Science and Technology.
（2）What can we know about CMOST？ C
A．It is a statewide museum.
B．It used to be a science lab.
C．It uses creative educational tools.
D．It is designed for children to play.
（3）What's the goal of African American Museum of Iowa？ D
A．Exhibiting artworks.
B．Raising funds for programs.
C．Providing learning sites for communities.
D．Protecting the African American history.
【答案】BCD
【分析】本文是一 篇应用文。主要介绍了四家博物馆。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据原文Children's Museum of Oak Ridge部分中的 Admission：Adults： ＄8.00；Seniors： ＄7.00；Children 3 & Up：＄6.00；Children under 3：Free（门票：成人：8.00美元；老人：7.00美元；3岁及以上儿童：6.00美元；3岁以下儿童免费）可知，在这个博物馆5岁的孩子收费6美元。故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据原文Children's Museum of Science and Technology中的the museum enables children to observe，think，and learn in a pressure﹣free environment by pairing creative educational tools and techniques with engaging exhibits to support active learning.（ 博物馆通过将创造性的教育工具和技术与吸引人的展品配对，以支持积极的学习，使儿童能够在无压力的环境中观察、思考和学习）可知，CMOST使用创造性教育工具。故选C。
（3）D.目的意图题。根据原文African American Museum of lowa部分中的"The AAMI is a statewide museum aimed at keeping and teaching Iowa's African American history. （AAMI是一个全州范围的博物馆，旨在保存和教授爱荷华州的非裔美国人历史。）可知，这家博物馆是一家州级博物馆，目的是保存和教育人们关于爱荷华州非裔美国人的历史。故选D。
【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
3．（2024秋 湘桥区校级月考）There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier，"Paper or plastic？" Well，which type of bag would you choose？
While both types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are better.They are made from a renewable source，are broken down easily，burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled.However，the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones.How can this be true？
Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production.And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger.Besides，the influence on forests is very serious.It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags，which happen to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly.In terms of recycling，the idea that paper bags are more environment﹣friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded.Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper.
Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones，plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two by governments.In Ireland，for example，a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags.People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag，and as a result，their use has dropped quickly.
There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags.However，we don't seem to be doing that at present.That may be because they fall apart quickly.If so，cloth bags are better choice，but still，their production also has a bad influence on the environment.So what to do？How should we answer the question of "Paper or plastic？" It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question： "What can I do to help the environment？"
（1）The question at the end of Paragraph 1 is used to A .
A．introduce the point for discussion
B．tell readers how to save money
C．express the author's doubts
D．show the kindness of the cashier
（2）Compared with plastic bags，paper bags C .
A．take more time to break down
B．require less energy to recycle
C．need more water to produce
D．have less influence on forests
（3）What does the underlined word "discarded" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ D
A．Share.
B．Put forward.
C．Discuss.
D．Give up.
（4）Which question does the author probably hope the cashier ask？ B
A．Paper or cloth？
B．A new bag or your own one？
C．A small bag or big one？
D．Paper or plastic？
【答案】（1）﹣﹣（4）ACDB
【分析】本文一篇说明文，主要介绍了购物时纸袋的使用，提出问题：纸袋真的如人们想象的一样，是环境友好型吗？最后呼吁大家循环使用购物袋，保护环境。
【解答】（1）A．写作意图题。根据第二段第一句话"While all types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder"（虽然各种类型的袋子对环境都有一定的影响，但人们早就认为纸袋更环保）可知，作者提出问题是为了引出下文的讨论，纸袋真的更好吗？故选A．
（2）C．细节理解题。根据第三段"And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher"（制造它们所用的水量是原来的20倍）可知，与塑料袋相比，纸袋需要更多的水来生产。故选C．
（3）D．词义猜测题。根据第三段"Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper"（研究表明，回收塑料所需的能量比回收纸张少98%）可知，回收塑料比回收纸袋要更节约能量，故"the idea that paper bags are more environment﹣friendly than plastic ones"（纸袋比塑料袋更环保的想法）是错误的，应该放弃，A.share分享；B.Put forward提出；C.Discuss讨论；D.Give up放弃。故选D.
（4）B．推理判断题。根据最后一段"There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags"（毫无疑问，重复利用这些袋子更加有意义）可知，我们买的新纸袋子同样有害于环境（即使这些纸袋子很快就降解"fall apart "了），所以，为了我们的环境更加优美，我们在生活中真的要多想想该怎样做才能"对环境有帮助（help the environment）"是"用你家的自己的购物袋还是新买购物袋（A new bag or your own one ？）"故选B．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4．（2019秋 亭湖区校级期中）Two years ago，photographer Gen started his latest project visiting local communities in Latin America．The photo that gave birth to his "You are so beautiful" project was entirely unplanned．
In January 2015，Gen was in San Cristobal de las Casas，Mexico．He had been trying to get his female subject to feel more comfortable before his camera，and when a request for her to smile didn't quite work，he found himself telling her she was beautiful．The result of his shot was so sincere and heartwarming that he decided he had found the concept of his new project．Gen is still on his journey to capture the power of this compliment （赞美）．The photos he's already published on his website，however，show the unbelievable effect these simple words can have．
When asked to have her photo taken，Mathilda from Quetzaltenango，Guatemala，said， "I don't have any teeth．Please don't make me laugh．" After being told she was beautiful，she didn't seem to mind anymore． "She and I laughed a lot．It was a nice moment．" Gen said．
Margarita was selling fruit on a street in Otavalo，Ecuador，when Gen approached her．She agreed to pose for a picture after the photographer bought some of her fruit，but still didn't smile when he asked her to．Her smile was genuine，though，when she heard the compliment．
Gen met Juliana in a village in northern Colombia where desert meets the Caribbean Sea．The region is extremely dry，with some months seeing almost no rain，and Juliana wore a mask to protect her face from the sun．She was selling handicrafts when Gen approached her，and smiled happily when she received the compliment．
Mimba and baby Maya are from Brazil's Marubo tribe．Mimba was shy，and it was only on the second visit to her home that the photographer finally got her permission to take her photo．She seemed to relax，though，when he paid her a compliment．
（1）Where was the inspiration for Gen's latest project from？ C
A．His unplanned travel．
B．Praise for his photos．
C．A shooting experience．
D．His love for photography．
（2）Who did Gen meet twice？ B
A．Margarita．
B．Mimba．
C．Mathilda．
D．Juliana．
（3）What do the examples convey？ C
A．Gen thought highly of his subjects．
B．Sincere praise makes successful shots．
C．Complimenting applies to nearly all women．
D．Women are nervous when having photos taken．
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？ D
A．To introduce the effect of photography．
B．To provide some advice on complimenting．
C．To share his experiences of complimenting．
D．To show the amazing power of complimenting．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文章通过讲述摄影师给那些害羞的人拍照，通过不断的鼓励让他们不再害羞胆怯，说明赞美的力量非常强大．
【解答】（1）C．事实判断题．根据第二段中的"The result of his shot was so sincere and heartwarming that he decided he had found the concept of his new project"他拍摄的结果是如此真诚和感人，以至于他认为他已经找到了他的新项目的创意．可知一次拍摄经历是Gen最新项目的灵感来源，故选C．
（2）B．细节理解题．根据最后一段中的"Mimba was shy，and it was only on the second visit to her home that the photographer finally got her permission to take her photo"Mimba很害羞，只有在第二次去她家时，摄影师才得到她拍照的许可．可知，Gen见了Mimba2次，故选B．
（3）C．推理判断题．根据例子描述，这些女性拍摄对象开始拍照时表现不自然，摄影师赞美她们之后，个个都 表情自然舒展，微笑真诚．由此可以推断赞美适用于几乎所有的女人，故选C．
（4）D．写作意图题．根据文章内容可知，本文旨在通过摄影师Gen的拍摄经历说明赞美的力量，故选D．
【点评】本文主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题．在做细节理解题时，首先根据题目要求迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语．认真比较选项和文中细节的区别，在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
5．The development and testing of self﹣driving car technology has seen major progress in recent years.But engineers are working on other kinds of autonomous vehicles too﹣including some built for water.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have been developing autonomous water vehicles called "Roboat".The word is a combination of "robot" and "boat".The project﹣which began in 2016﹣aims to create a group of boats to transport goods and people along the waterways of Amsterdam.The Dutch capital has been called "the most watery city in the world" because of its large network of canals（运河）.
The engineers centred past efforts on autonomous boats designed to transport small goods.But the project's latest creation，the Roboat Ⅱ，can also carry passengers.The electric﹣powered Roboat Ⅱ has four propellers（推进器）that permit it to move in any direction.It is equipped with a series of cameras and sensors to guide its movements.It also uses light lasers to map the environment and measure distances.The Roboat Ⅱ measures two meters by one meter and weighs about 80 kilograms.The model can carry two passengers.
The MIT team is currently developing its third autonomous water vehicle.That boat is expected to be four meters long and is designed to carry up to six passengers.
The team says its autonomous system is designed to involve separate boats working together.For example，Roboat Ⅱ vehicles can link up in larger groups guided by a leader boat，the researchers say.The follower boats can travel next to the leader boat，in front of it or in back of it.This ability can greatly increase the possibilities of autonomous water vehicles meant to transport goods.
The MIT team plans to use what it has learned from its first two Roboats to create a model of its biggest autonomous boat yet.The researchers will test that boat in Amsterdam，as well.After that，the team plans to start testing the vehicles in environments with "noisier waters"，such as conditions found in the ocean.
（1）What is the purpose of MIT's project？ C
A．To help build a watery city.
B．To solve the traffic problems in Amsterdam.
C．To build self﹣driving water vehicles for delivery.
D．To make full use of the network of canals in cities.
（2）What can we learn about the Roboat Ⅱ？ B
A．It is guided by light lasers.
B．It is flexible in turning round.
C．It has already been used widely.
D．It can transport 6 people at a time.
（3）What does "This ability" in paragraph 5 refer to？ A
A．Connecting separate boats.
B．Directing a leader boat.
C．Carrying goods and passengers.
D．Making way for other boats.
（4）What can we infer about the Roboats in the future？ C
A．They are lighter.
B．They are fully automatic.
C．They are more adaptable.
D．They are environment﹣friendly.
【答案】CBAC
【分析】本文主要介绍了科学家们新设计的自动驾驶船，它可以用来运送货物和乘客。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据原文第二段The project﹣which began in 2016﹣aims to create a group of boats to transport goods and people along the waterways of Amsterdam.（该项目开始于2016年，旨在创造一组船只，沿着阿姆斯特丹的水路运输货物和人员。）可知，MIT的项目的目的是建造用来运送货物
和人的自动驾驶船。故选C。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据原文第三段The electric﹣powered Roboat Ⅱ has four propellers（推进器）that permit it to move in any direction.（电动机器人RoboatⅡ有四个螺旋桨，可以向任何方向移动。）可知，自动驾驶船转向灵活。故选B。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据原文第五段The team says its autonomous system is designed to involve separate boats working together.For example，Roboat Ⅱ vehicles can link up in larger groups guided by a leader boat，the researchers say.The follower boats can travel next to the leader boat，in front of it or in back of it.（该团队表示，其自主系统的设计是让不同的船一起工作。例如，研究人员说，RoboatⅡ的车辆可以在一艘领队船的引导下结成更大的群体。跟随船可以在领航船的旁边航行，也可以在领航船的前面或后面。）可知，Roboat II能够将一些船连接起来。故选A。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据原文最后一段The MIT team plans to use what it has learned from its first two Roboats to create a model of its biggest autonomous boat yet.The researchers will test that boat in Amsterdam，as well.After that，the team plans to start testing the vehicles in environments with "noisier waters"，such as conditions found in the ocean.（麻省理工学院的团队计划利用从前两款Roboats中学到的知识，制造出迄今为止最大的自动船模型。研究人员也将在阿姆斯特丹测试这艘船。之后，该团队计划开始在"噪音更大的水域"环境中测试车辆，比如在海洋中发现的环境。）可知，自动驾驶船在未来适应不同环境的能力会更强。故选C。
【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．（2024秋 永春县校级期末）Audrey Hepburn was born in Belgium in 1929.She liked to spend time with her father.Perhaps he was not a warm father，but he was joyous and joked a lot.He had his horses，spoke 13 languages，and would take her gliding（滑翔）. （1） A When she was six，Audrey's father walked out.
It was the first major blow in her life.From then on，Audrey's childhood was unsettled.Her mother decided that it might be a good idea for her to learn English，so she sent her to a boarding school.（2） C She felt like an outsider，but she learned English.
Very soon the war broke out.Audrey's mother sent for Audrey to join her in Holland.They were taken in by Audrey's wealthy grandfather.Within a year，the Nazis turned against the Dutch.Then there was no heating，no school and no food.（3） B She showed remarkable resilience（迅速恢复的能力）during the war.
Audrey made her performance debut（初次表演）by dancing in wartime Holland.She didn't know how long the war was going to last，so she went to ballet（芭蕾舞）school and learned to dance.（4） F After the war ended，Audrey carried on with her ballet training.In 1951，a famous French writer was looking for a leading lady for her best﹣loved novel.（5） D Audrey was to take America by storm.
A.And then everything changed.
B.Yet，Audrey's spirit shone through.
C.But it was difficult for Audrey to fit in.
D.When she saw Audrey，she famously said，"I've found my Gigi！"
E.It played an important role in making her more famous than ever.
F.About a year before the end of the war，she became quite an excellent performer.
G.In May 1940，Audrey and her family crossed the border and went into Holland.
【答案】ACBFD
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了奥黛丽 赫本成名前的故事。
【解答】（1）A.推理判断题。根据前句She liked to spend time with her father ...and would take her gliding表示"她喜欢和父亲呆在一起。也许他不是一个热情的父亲，但他很快乐，经常开玩笑。他有马，会说13种语言，还会带她滑翔"；以及后句Audrey's father walked out"和"It was the first major blow in her life.From then on，Audrey's childhood was unsettled表示"奥黛丽的父亲走了出去；这是她生命中的第一次重大打击。从那时起，奥黛丽的童年就不稳定了"，可知表示"然后一切都变了"的选项A可以起到承上启下的作用，故选A。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据后句She felt like an outsider表示"她觉得自己是个局外人"，可知表示"但是奥黛丽很难适应"的选项C符合前后的语境，an outsider和difficult for Audrey to fit in是关联词，故选C。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据前句Then there was no heating，no school and no food表示"那时没有暖气，没有学校，也没有食物"，以及后句She showed remarkable resilience during the war表示"战争期间，她表现出非凡的韧性"，可知表示"然而，奥黛丽的精神却闪耀着光芒"的选项B符合前后的语境，和前句构成转折关系，后句是对它的证明，故选B。
（4）F.细节理解题。根据后句After the war ended表示"在战争结束后"，可知表示"大约在战争结束前一年，她成为了一名出色的演员"的选项F符合前后的语境，the war ended是原词复现，故选F。
（5）D.细节理解题。根据前句a famous French writer was looking for a leading lady表示"一位著名的法国作家正在为她最喜爱的小说寻找一位女主角"，可知表示"当她看到奥黛丽时，她有句名言：我找到了我的吉吉！"的选项D符合前后的语境，she代指a famous French writer，故选D。
【点评】做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．（2024秋 船山区校级期中）Mr．Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children．He owned （1） a farm，which looked almost abandoned．（2） luckily （lucky），he also had a cow which produced milk every day．He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby （3） for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what（4） was left （leave）．The cow was their only means of support，in fact．One day，the cow was eating grass （5） when it began to rain heavily．While making great efforts to run away，she （6） fell （fall） over the hill and died．Then the Johnson tried to make a living （7） without the cow．In order to support his family，Mr．Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables．Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees （8） to sell （sell） the wood．Thinking about his children's clothes，he started growing cotton too．When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market （9） where people from the town met regularly．Now it occurred to （10） him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲述的是Johnson先生一家人依靠农场里的奶牛维持生活，但是一次意外奶牛摔死了．Johnson先生不得不想其他办法继续生活．他一边种药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去集上卖木头．在他看来，他的农场有很大的潜力，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气．
【解答】61．a 62．luckily 63．for 64．was left 65．when
66．fell 67．without 68．to sell 69．where 70．him
61．a 考查冠词．farm意为"农场"，是可数名词，其前加不定冠词a，表示泛指．
62．luckily 考查副词．副词形式修饰整个句子，lucky的副词是luckily．
63．for 考查介词．exchange…for…意为"用…换…"，是固定搭配．
64．was left 考查动词时态和语态．what与leave之间为动宾关系，what was left是一个宾语从句，根据句意可知用被动语态．
65．when 考查连词．was doing…when…意为"正在做某事时，突然…"，when是并列连词，意为"这时"．
66．fell 考查动词时态．and是并列连词，它前后连接两个相同的语法成分，此处与died并列，指动作先后发生，都要用一般过去时态．
67．without 考查介词．根据文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson先生就不得不在没有了奶牛情况下生活．
68．to sell 考查动词不定式．他砍树的目的是卖木材，用动词不定式to sell作目的状语．
69．where 考查定语从句．分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词the market表示地点，用关系副词where．
70．him 考查代词．It occurred to sb．that…某人突然发现…，是固定的句型，因为这篇短文讲述的是Johnson先生，故填him．
【点评】语法填空旨在考查学生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力．从总体上来说对学生的要求还是提高了，学生必须对整个语篇有总体的把握，然后根据上下文的逻辑关系进行分析的基础上确定每个空要填的是什么，解题时既需要有充足的词汇量，又需要对语法知识有比较明晰的理解和掌握，可以说综合性更强一些，更需要学生有合适的答题技巧．
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．（2024秋 白云区校级期中）It was hard work and determination as well as her gentle （温柔的） nature that got her into medical school.
【答案】gentle
【分析】正是努力工作和决心以及她温和的天性使她进入了医学院。
【解答】答案：gentle.分析句子可知，此处修饰名词nature，故用形容词gentle表示"温柔的"修饰名词nature。
故答案为gentle。
【点评】对于这种题型，要分析句子意思，再从结构和意义上对答案进行确定。
9．（2024春 海珠区校级期末）Viewing childhood development as a s cientific （科学的）investigation throws light on how children learn.
【答案】scientific
【分析】把儿童发展看成是一项科学调查，有助于我们了解儿童是如何学习的。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"科学的"可译为scientific，形容词scientific作定语修饰名词investigation。
故填：scientific。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
10．（2024秋 历城区校级期中）Even though Florence Nightingale encountered （遇到） tough difficulties，she devoted all her life to nursing career and public health.
【答案】encountered
【分析】尽管南丁格尔遇到了重重困难，但她将自己的一生都奉献给了护理事业和公共卫生事业。
【解答】根据句意，"遇到"应是encounter，根据下文中devoted可知，要用一般过去时。
故填：encountered。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词的拼写，再结合相关语法知识判断是否要对单词作出形式上的变化。
11．（2024秋 碑林区校级期末）In c onclusion （结论），parents have to change some of their belief about how children should be raised.
【答案】conclusion
【分析】总之，父母必须改变他们对如何抚养孩子的一些看法。
【解答】根据句意，总之，父母必须改变他们对如何抚养孩子的一些看法。结合首字母，考虑conclusion"结论"。in conclusion为固定短语，意为总而言之；最后；总而言之。
故填：conclusion。
【点评】对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
12．（2024秋 潮阳区校级期中）The hospital has recently obtained （获得） new medical equipment，allowing more patients to be treated.
【答案】obtained
【分析】这家医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，使得更多的病人得以接受治疗。
【解答】答案：obtained.根据汉语提示"获得"和空前的助动词has可知，此处应填入动词的过去分词形式，与has构成现在完成时，"获得"的英语是动词obtain，故填obtained。
【点评】解这类题目，首先要准确地理解句子，翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词或短语的词性，结合一定的语法知识，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更畅通。
六．词性转换（共5小题）
13．（2024秋 朝阳区校级期中）During the Mid﹣Autumn Festival，family members often gather together to share （share） a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】在中秋节期间，家庭成员经常聚在一起吃顿饭，赏月和吃月饼．
【解答】本题考查单词填空．句意：在中秋节期间，家庭成员经常聚在一起吃顿饭，赏月和吃月饼．动词不定式to share做补语，表示目的和补充说明，故填：to share
【点评】本题考查单词填空．要求考生首先掌握题干的具体意思，然后综合考虑人称、时态和句式，结合句子结构运用正确的词性、词形填空．
14．（2024秋 思明区校级期中）This kind of cloth washes well，irons easily and wears （wear） long.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】wears
【分析】这种布料耐洗、易熨烫、耐磨。
【解答】wear在此处为不及物动词，意为"耐用；耐久"，与long连用，表示主语自身的属性，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。本句中and连接并列的谓语动词，此处应与washes、irons一致用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填wears。
【点评】做单词填空题，首先要明确所给词的词性并弄清所给句子的意思，分析句子结构确定空白处所需的词性，结合语境做出合乎语法和惯用法的词形变化，最后填写拼写正确的单词。
15．（2024秋 宝应县校级月考）Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench，hands trembling as he gently （gentle） placed his fingers on the keys.
【答案】gently
【分析】史蒂夫走到钢琴旁，坐在长凳上，双手颤抖着，轻轻地把手指放在琴键上。
【解答】gentle"轻柔的"，副词gently修饰动词placed。
故填：gently。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
16．（2022春 洮南市校级月考）It is indeed an honour for China's scientific （science） research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
【答案】scientific
【分析】中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。
【解答】答案：scientific.形容词scientific作定语修饰名词research。故填：scientific。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
17．（2024秋 集美区校级期中）After four decades of reform and opening﹣up，Silicon Valley of China has gradually （gradual）become a global hardware center.
【答案】gradually
【分析】经过四十年的改革开放，中国硅谷逐渐成为全球硬件中心。
【解答】答案：gradually.分析句子可知，所填词作状语修饰动词become，应用副词gradually"逐渐地"，故填gradually.
【点评】做单词填空题，首先要弄清所给句子的意思，确定空白处所需的词性，结合语境做出合乎语法和惯用法的词形变化，填写拼写正确的单词。
七．书面表达（共2小题）
18．（2021春 南岗区校级期末）你校正在组织英语作文比赛．请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因．
注意：1．词数100左右；2．短文题目和首句已为你写好．
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us．________________________________
【答案】The person I respect
We have a lot of respectable people around us.They may be our teachers，parents or one of our elders.As for me，my father is the person I respect most.My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much.He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
When I come across the problems of learning in my study，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.He achieved a lot in his work，respected by his students.So，in my mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.
【分析】高分句型一：As for me，my father is the person I respect most.
译文：至于我，我父亲是我最尊敬的人。
分析：这句话使用I respect most作定语从句修饰the person。
高分句型二：When I come across the problems of learning in my study，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.
译文：当我在学习中遇到学习上的问题时，父亲会耐心地听我的，鼓励我勇敢地克服困难。
分析：这句话使用when引导时间状语从句。
【解答】The person I respect
We have a lot of respectable people around us.They may be our teachers，parents or one of our elders.As for me，my father is the person I respect most. 【高分句型一】My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much.He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work. （人物简介）
When I come across the problems of learning in my study，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. 【高分句型二】He achieved a lot in his work，respected by his students.So，in my mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.（尊敬和爱戴的原因）
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法．需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题．尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少．
19．（2024春 曲阜市校级期中）Jenny was the only child in her home.She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily.
She couldn't help weeping sorrowfully when she thought of the scolding from her mother.Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours，she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat，but it was not even possible for her，since she had nothing with her.She stood beside a stand for a while，watching the middle﹣aged seller busy doing his business.However，with no money in hand，she sighed and had to leave.
The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked， "Hey，girl，you want to have the noodles？
"Oh，yes…，but I don't have money on me…" she replied.
"That's nothing.I'll treat you today，" said the man. "Come in."
The seller brought her a bowl of noodles，whose smell was so attractive.
As she was eating，Jenny cried silently.
"What is it？" asked the man kindly.
"Nothing，actually I was just touched by your kindness!" said Jenny as she wiped her tears. "Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles，while my mother，drove me out of the house.She showed no care for me.She is so merciless compared to a stranger!!"
Hearing the words，the seller smiled， "Girl，do you really think so？I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot.But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby.Can you number the times she cooked for you？Have you expressed your gratitude to her？"
Jenny sat there，speechless and numb with shock？she remembered Mother's familiar face and weathered hands. "Why did I not think of that？A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel indebted，but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me."
On the way home，Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Approaching，the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.__________.
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.__________.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是记叙文。独生女珍妮和母亲吵了一架以后，离家出走，在她饥饿的时候，因为一位面摊老板送给她一碗面而感激不尽，老板让她想想母亲为她付出多少，珍妮下定决心到家向她母亲道歉。
高分句型一
Her palms sweating and throat tightening，she missed the days when she was the apple of Mother's eye.
分析：句子里，独立主格Her palms sweating and throat tightening作伴随状语；代指先行词the days，关系词when引导定语从句she was the apple of Mother's eye.
翻译：她手心出汗，喉咙紧绷，她怀念她是母亲掌上明珠的日子。
高分句型二
As the setting sun cast a golden glow on both of their faces，they embraced each other tightly.
分析：句子里，As引导时间状语从句the setting sun cast a golden glow on both of their faces.
翻译：夕阳在他们的脸上洒下金光，他们紧紧地拥抱在一起。
【解答】Approaching the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.Her palms sweating and throat tightening，she missed the days when she was the apple of Mother's eye.【高分句型一】She was so accustomed to accepting everything from Mom that she almost forgot to express timely gratitude，which led to the quarrel.With an empty stomach，she came across a seller of wisdom，whose words drove her to reflect on their relationship.Luckily，she was determined to admit her fault. "It's never too late to make a sincere apology." She whispered to herself，head down.（描述珍妮反思自己的错误）
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.She raised her head to see the familiar face and the worried eyes. "Here you come!I've been looking for you，" came the tired voice.Jenny couldn't help but throw herself into her mother's arms. "I'm sorry and thank you for all you have done for me." She could feel tears well up in her eyes. "You're always my little girl!" Mom eyed Jenny tenderly.As the setting sun cast a golden glow on both of their faces，they embraced each other tightly.【高分句型二】（描述珍妮向母亲道歉以及母亲对她的爱）
【点评】续写写作要求：
1.创造新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高；
2.使用多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解；
3.自然有效地使用段落间、语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。
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