2016年全国中考英语试题专题练习:名词(第二期)
1、(2016 铜仁市)-What
would
you
like
to
eat?
-Some
_________,please.( )
A.bread
B.cake
C.coffee
D.tea
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-你想吃什么?
-请来一些面包吧.
【解答】答案:A
bread面包,不可数名词;cake蛋糕,可数名词;coffee咖啡;tea茶;根据What
would
you
like
to
eat?可知回答应为吃的东西,排除C,D;cake是可数名词,放在some后要用复数,排除B;故选A.
2、(2016 宿迁)When
the
man
went
through
the
forest
alone,he
lost
his
_______
and
felt
afraid.( )
A.task
B.work
C.way
D.job
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】当那个人独自穿过森林时.他迷路了,感到害怕.
【解答】答案:C.
先分析选项中各个名词的含义:A
task作业,B
work工作,C
way道路,D
job
职业;根据语境及
through
the
forest
alone(独自穿过森林),felt
afraid(感到害怕)结合关键词lost
his…可知此处是指独自穿过森林时.他迷路了,感到害怕;lose
one's
way为固定短语"迷路".故选C.
3、(2016 厦门)---The
milk
shake
tastes
good.How
do
you
make
it?
---It's
easy,just
follow
the______.( )
A.discussions
B.instructions
C.resolutions
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-奶昔的味道很好,你是怎么做的?
-这很容易,只要按照操作指南(去做).
【解答】答案:B;discussions商讨;instructions指示;
操作指南;
用法说明;resolutions解决;根据上句How
do
you
make
it?可知是询问制作奶昔的方法,推测答语应是按照操作指南(去做).故选B
4、(2016 包头)一The
dishes
in
this
restaurant
must
be
very
expensive.
一Don't
worry.You
can
enjoy
yourself.It's
my
.( )
A.time
B.task
C.treat
D.taste
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-这家餐馆的菜一定很贵.
-别担心,你可以尽情享用,我请客.
【解答】答案:C
time时间;task任务;treat款待;taste味道;根据The
dishes
in
this
restaurant
must
be
very
expensive.可知对方对菜的价格很担忧,所以此处要消除其顾虑,主动请客,It's
my
treat.我请客.故选C.
5、(2016 安徽)Cathy
has
such
a
good_____that
she
won
many
prizes
in
singing
competitions
last
year.( )
A.sleep
B.idea
C.voice
D.time
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】Cathy有这么好的声音,她在去年的歌唱比赛中赢得了许多奖项.
【解答】答案:C;sleep睡觉,动词;睡眠,名词;idea主意,名词;voice声音,名词;time时间;名词;根据句中后面信息she
won
many
prizes
in
singing
competitions
last
year推测句中指的是Cathy有这么好的声音;故选C.
6、(2016 黔南州)---There
are
a
lot
of_____of
bike
riding.
---I
agree.It's
good
for
environment
and
it
saves
money.( )
A.products
B.advantages
C.instruments
D.instructions
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-骑自行车有许多优点.
-我同意,它对环境有好处,而且省钱.
【解答】答案:B;product产品;advantage优点;instrument仪器;instruction课程,指令;根据答语It's
good
for
environment
and
it
saves
money推测上句句意:骑自行车有许多优点;故选B
7、(2016 张家界)My
father
didn't
bring
much
yesterday,so
he
only
bought
a
small
gift
for
me.( )
A.tea
B.money
C.juice
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】昨天,我的爸爸没有带来很多钱,所以他只给我买了一个小礼物.
【解答】答案:B;tea茶;money钱;juice果汁;根据下句
he
only
bought
a
small
gift
for
me推知:爸爸没有带来很多钱;故选B.
8、(2016 怀化)-Mum,I'm
hungry.May
I
have
some
?
-Sure.But
don't
eat
too
much.( )
A.hamburgers
B.milks
C.cake
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-妈妈,我饿啦,我可以吃些汉堡吗?
-当然行,但不要吃太多.
【解答】答案:A;hamburgers;汉堡包(
hamburger的名词复数
);milk,牛奶,不可数名词;cake,蛋糕,可数名词单数形式;根据上句I'm
hungry.推测下句句意:我可以吃些汉堡(蛋糕)吗?根据句子中的some可知该空应填可数名词复数形式;故选A.
9、(2016 漳州)-What's
your
favorite
,Julia?
-I
like
spring
best.( )
A.movie
B.season
C.weather
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-你最喜欢哪个季节,Julia?
-我最喜欢春季.
【解答】答案:B;movie电影;season季节;weather天气;根据答语I
like
spring
best;可知上句是询问"喜欢什么季节"的;故选B.
10、(2016 十堰)As
we
all
know,Wudang
Mountain
is
the
____of
Shiyan.( )
A.proud
B.pride
C.progress
D.purpose
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】大家都知道,武当山是十堰的骄傲.
【解答】答案:B;proud自豪的,形容词;pride骄傲,名词;progress进步,名词;purpose目的,名词;根据常识,武当山被称为"亘古无双胜境,天下第一仙山".它是十堰的骄傲;根据句中信息
is
the
____of
Shiyan可知,该词用名词形式;故选B.
11、(2016 齐齐哈尔)-Can
you
tell
me
the
of
the
novel?
-Yes,of
course,
is
Mo
Yan.( )
A.name,He
B.writer,It
C.name,It
【考点】名词的词义辨析;人称代词.
【分析】-你能告诉我这部小说的作者吗?
-是的,当然可以,它是莫言.
【解答】答案:B;根据答语Yes,of
course,…is
Mo
Yan;推测上句句意:你能告诉我这部小说的作者吗?答语中的it指代小说的作者"writer
of
the
novel"故选B.
12、(2016 连云港)-It's
useful
for
the
deaf
people
to
learn
sign
language.
-Yes,it's
a
major
way
of
_____
for
them.( )
A.suggestion
B.vacation
C.production
D.communication
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-聋人学习手语是很有用的.
-是的,这是他们交流的一种主要方式.
【解答】答案:D;suggestion建议;vacation假期;production产品;communication交流;根据上句It's
useful
for
the
deaf
people
to
learn
sign
language.推测下句句意:这是他们交流的一种主要方式;故选D.
13、(2016 丹东)-What
kind
of
noodles
would
you
like?
-I'd
like
some
______
noodles.( )
A.carrots
B.beef
C.potatoes
D.vegetables
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-你想要什么样的面条?
-我想要一些牛肉面.
【解答】答案:B
carrot胡萝卜,potato土豆,vegetable蔬菜,三者皆为可数名词;beef牛肉,不可数名词;此处作noodles的定语,要用可数名词单数或不可数名词,故选B.
14、(2016 重庆)---It's
hot
today.Have
some
________,please.
---No,thanks.I'm
not
thirsty
at
all.( )
A.water
B.potatoes
C.bread
D.cakes
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】---今天天气很热.请喝些水吧.
---不,谢谢.我一点也不渴.
【解答】答案:A
根据选项的意思water"水";potato"土豆";bread"面包";cake"蛋糕",结合答语No,thanks.I'm
not
thirsty
at
all"不,谢谢.我一点也不渴."可推知在上文中对方让他喝点东西,故选A
15、(2016 绵阳)He
was
born
in
Germany,but
he
has
made
China
his
______.( )
A.family
B.address
C.house
D.home
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】他出生在德国,但是他已经把中国当做他的家.
【解答】答案:D
family家庭,家人;address地址;house房子;home家.根据"made
China…"可知这是短语make
sth
sth(把某物看成某物).可知他只能把中国看成他的家.故选D
16、(2016 重庆)It's
cold
today.Take
your______
with
you
when
you
go
out.( )
A.knife
B.coat
C.brush
D.key
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】今天天气很冷.当你外出时带上你的外套.
【解答】答案:B
根据It's
cold
today可知,今天很冷,出门要带上外套;又知knife意为"小刀";coat意为"外套,上衣";brush意为"刷子";key意为"钥匙".所以此处应用coat.故选B
17、(2016 福州)-Who
is
the
person
you
admire
the
most?
-Qian
Xuesen,the
Father
of
China's
Missiles.He
is
the
______
of
China.( )
A.leader
B.pride
C.voice
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-你最崇拜的人是谁?
-中国导弹之父钱学森,他是中国的骄傲.
【解答】答案:B;leader领导者;pride骄傲;voice嗓音;根据句中信息-Qian
Xuesen,the
Father
of
China's
Missiles推知后面额句意:他是中国的骄傲;故选B
18、(2016 达州)---Why
did
Lucy
look
unhappy?
---Because
she
was
so
careless
that
she
made
many
spelling____in
her
homework.( )
A.friends
B.plans
C.decisions
D.mistakes
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-为什么Lucy看起来不高兴?
-应为她是如此粗心以至于她的作业犯了很多拼写错误.
【解答】答案:D;friend朋友;plan计划;decision决定;mistake错误;根据句中信息she
was
so
careless推测后面的句意:她的作业犯了很多拼写错误;故选D.
19、(2016 江西)Some
old
people
need
a
_______
because
they
feel
lonely.( )
A.gift
B.stick
C.pet
D.watch
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】一些老人需要一个宠物因为他们感到孤独.
【解答】答案:C
根据选项的意思A、礼物;B、拐杖;C、宠物;D、手表,结合句子的意思是由于老人感觉孤单,因此推知需要有宠物陪伴.故选C
20、(2016 滨州)-Do
you
know
about
the
scientist
Tu
Youyou?
-Yes,she
won
the
2015
Nobel
Prize
in
medicine
because
of
her
great
.( )
A.surprise
B.achievement
C.education
D.satisfaction
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-你知道科学家屠呦呦吗?
-是的,由于她的伟大成就她嬴得了2015年的诺贝尔医学奖.
【解答】答案:B
surprise惊讶;achievement成就;education教育;satisfaction满意;赢得诺贝尔奖的人一定是有巨大成就的,故选B.
21、(2016 青岛)Nancy
took
her
temperature
and
found
she
had
a
______.( )
A.cough
B.toothache
C.cold
D.fever
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-南希量了体温并且发现她发烧了.
【解答】答案:D
解析:由题目中看出南希量了体温,很容易知道她是发烧了,以下四个选项中只有D是发烧的意思
A.cough咳嗽
B.toothache牙疼
C.cold感冒
D.fever发烧,故选D.
22、(2016 苏州)Steve
Jobs
was
full
of
-always
coming
up
with
new
ideas
which
led
to
great
changes
in
society.( )
A.instruction
B.invitation
C.introduction
D.invention
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】史蒂夫 乔布斯富有发明创造力,总是产生一些导致社会发生巨大变化的新想法.
【解答】答案:D;instruction教诲;invitation邀请;introduction介绍;invention发明;根据句中信息always
coming
up
with
new
ideas
which
led
to
great
changes
in
society推知上句句意:史蒂夫 乔布斯富有发明创造力;故选D.
23、(2016 广东)The
broken
______may
cut
into
your
hand
if
you
touch
it,you
should
be
careful.( )
A.glass
B.glasses
C.candle
D.candles
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】破碎的玻璃可能会割到你的手,如果你去碰它的话.你应当小心.
【解答】答案:A.
首先明确选项中名词的意思,A:玻璃/杯子;B:眼镜/杯子(复数);C:蜡烛(单数);D:蜡烛(复数);
根据设空处后面的动词cut
推测句意是"破碎的玻璃可能会割到你的手,如果你去碰它的话.你应当小心.",由此判断句子中缺少"玻璃"一词,故答案为A.
24、(2016 深圳)-Mr.White,could
you
give
me
some
advice?I
have
trouble
in
learning
English.
-Sure.First,you
should
be
confident
and
never
give
up.Second,…( )
A.introductions
B.suggestions
C.instructions
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】--怀特先生,你能给我一些建议吗?我学英语有困难.
--当然,首先,你应当有信心,永远不要放弃.其次,…
【解答】答案:B.
首先明确选项中名词的意思,A:介绍/引进;B:建议;C:说明;
根据原句中的advice"建议"一词判断
选项B符合答案,注意suggestion是可数名词而advice是不可数名词,故答案为B
25、(2016 自贡)---How
can
I
get
some_____about
the
2016
Olympic
Games?
--Why
not
search
the
Internet?( )
A.information
B.experience
C.practice
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】--我如何能够得到一些关于2016年奥运会的信息?
--为什么不上网搜索呢?
【解答】答案:A.
首先明确选项中名词的意思,A:信息;B:经历;经验;C:练习;
根据上下句结合设空处后面的about
the
2016
Olympic
Games
推测问句的句意是"我如何能够得到一些关于2016年奥运会的信息?",由此判断句子中缺少"信息"一词,故答案为A.
26、(2016 温州)When
an
earthquake
happens,I
think
the
most
important
safety
_____
is
to
keep
calm( )
A.rule
B.doubt
C.condition
D.problem
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】当地震发生时,我认为最重要的安全规则是保持冷静.
【解答】答案:A.
首先明确选项中名词的意思,A:规则;B:疑虑;C:状况;D:问题;
根据When
an
earthquake
happens和设空处前面的safety推测句意是"当地震发生时,我认为最重要的安全规则是保持冷静.",由此判断句子中缺少"规则"一词,故答案为A
27、(2016 孝感)-Mom,I
will
eat
less
fast
food
this
year,believe
me.
-If
you
make
a
________,you
must
keep
it.( )
A.joke
B.noise
C.mistake
D.promise
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-妈妈,今年我会吃更少的快餐食品,相信我.
-如果你许诺了,你必须守信.
【解答】答案:D
make
a
joke开玩笑;make
a
noise吵闹;make
a
mistake犯错;make
a
promise许诺;根据I
will
eat
less
fast
food
this
year可知这是一个许诺,故选D
28、(2016 武汉)---Look,the
boss
is
very
angry
with
Alex.
---Well,he
came
late
again.But
that's
no______
to
shout
at
him.( )
A.problem
B.lesson
C.excuse
D.Reason
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】--看,老板对Alex很生气.
--他又迟到了,但是没有借口朝着他大喊.
【解答】答案:C.
首先明确选项中名词的意思,A:问题;B:功课;C:借口;D:理由;
根据语境联系上下句推测设空处所在句子的句意是"但是没有借口朝着他大喊.",由此判断句子中缺少"借口"一词,故答案为C.
29、(2016 湖北)---Look!So
many
colorful
bicycles
in
two
lines
over
there.
---They're
for
public.This
______
of
green
smart
traffic
is
everywhere
in
Xiangyang
city.( )
A.number
B.pair
C.kind
D.piece
【考点】名词的词义辨析.
【分析】-看,那边这么多彩色的自行车排成两排.
-它们是公共自行车,这种绿色智能交通在襄阳市到处可见.
【解答】答案:C
number数字,号码;pair双;kind种类;piece张,片;根据So
many
colorful
bicycles
in
two
lines
over
there.及They're
for
public.可知此处谈论的是城市公共自行车,是一种绿色智能的交通,故选C.