Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle(单元培优.含答案与解析）-2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第三册
文档属性
| 名称 | Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle(单元培优.含答案与解析）-2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第三册 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 199.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-15 14:02:53 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．According to the World Health Organization（WHO），peoples' health is closely（1） to their cleaning habits in daily lives.Health experts are（2） people to wash their hands properly—one of the best ways to protect oneself.
Though some may（3） this daily cleaning habit，hand washing indeed has a long（4） .More than 2，500 years ago，Chinese people were required to wash their hands before taking part in ceremonies.Back（5） ，the habit was a ceremonial ritual（仪式） and had some（6） rules.
Instead of cleaning one's hands in a basin，people poured the flowing water onto them.That's because in Chinese culture，flowing water is a（7） of purity that can wash away dirt and evil.
It was not until the 19th century（8） doctors found that hand washing could reduce the death rate of their patients.The habit was then widely spread among medical staff and later be﹣came（9） practice among ordinary people.
Apart from washing your hands（10） ，having a healthy dining habit is also essential.In the West，it is more culturally appropriate to eat your own meals.（11） ，people in the East are quite different.For them，eating a meal alone is very（12） during social gatherings.
To show their friendliness，warmth and respect for others，people prefer to eat common dishes.Some even share their utensils（餐具） to show a sense of（13） .Although this habit seems to be polite，it's（14） .According to the WHO，foodborne（食物传播的） diseases are quite common，and saliva（唾液） is one of the most common ways for them to spread.
To develop healthier habits，many cities in China，including Beijing，Shanghai and Guangzhou have already（15） proposals for people to order separate meals and advocate the use of communal（公共的） chopsticks.
（1） A．addicted B．related C．reflected D．meant
（2） A．warning B．talking C．reminding D．helping
（3） A．ignore B．consider C．develop D．create
（4） A．story B．culture C．circle D．history
（5） A．then B．before C．up D．out
（6） A．formal B．sharp C．strict D．wide
（7） A．comment B．symbol C．belief D．point
（8） A．when B．what C．which D．that
（9） A．common B．same C．important D．correct
（10） A．quickly B．frequently C．gradually D．completely
（11） A．Therefore B．However C．Furthermore D．Besides
（12） A．polite B．different C．considerate D．rude
（13） A．responsibility B．awareness C．kindness D．closeness
（14） A．dirty B．healthy C．risky D．necessary
（15） A．launched B．finished C．give D．take
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．Smokers may ignore the health warnings by telling themselves their habit makes them look cool.After all，sex symbols James Dean and Humphrey Bogart were rarely seen without a cigarette.However，the latest evidence shows that smoking actually makes you less attractive to the opposite sex.Wrinkles from smoking a cigarette may be to blame for people judging non﹣smokers to be better﹣looking.
This was the result of a study asking more than 500 people to pick the most attractive of twins where one smoked and the other did not.Men found female non﹣smokers the most attractive in two﹣thirds of cases，while women chose non﹣smoking men as the most attractive 68 percent of the time.
Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak，a co﹣author of the study from Bristol University，said，"People assume that smoking causes damage to the skin and appearance，but this is a really neat way of looking at it because these twins are genetically identical，so we can control for genetic factors involved in ageing.Appearance seems to be important to people，especially young people，so we could use these sorts of findings as a basis for future interventions to stop people smoking."
Smoking can speed up the normal ageing，even after only a decade.Nicotine causes narrowing of the blood vessels in the outermost layers of the skin，while the chemicals in tobacco smoke damage collagen and elastin，fibres which give the skin its elasticity（弹性）.
The wrinkles this causes are added to by facial expressions made when smoking such as pursing the lips when inhaling （吸气） or squinting to keep smoke out of your eyes.
（1）Why does the author mention James Dean and Humphrey Bogart？
A．To persuade smokers to give up smoking.
B．To compare them with non﹣smokers.
C．To tell us many people are influenced by them.
D．To show understanding and comfort smokers.
（2）What is Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak's altitude to smoking？
A．Disapproving.
B．Favorable.
C．Unconcerned.
D．Cautious.
（3）What can be inferred from the text？
A．Smokers look cooler than non﹣smokers.
B．Smoking may speed up skin's ageing.
C．Smokers look younger than non﹣smokers.
D．Smoking should be banned right away.
3．I had an eating disorder when I was about 14.I went from being 5'4″（5 feet 4 inches） and 130 pounds to 5'6″ and 94 pounds.I wanted to gain weight，so I ate anything I wanted and ended up at 5'8″ and 160 pounds.Then I had another eating disorder and went from 160 to 130 pounds at 5'9″.I started eating a lot again and ended up at 205 pounds.I was really close to obesity and was concerned about my health.
So I decided to take action，I cut off many carbs（含碳水化合物的食物）.I ceased drinking sugary soft drinks which can make people gain weight quickly.I started eating more vegetables in my diet.My mom weighed 130 pounds two years ago.In order to lose weight，she gave up fast food and ate vegetables instead.She is now around 107 pounds.She succeeds in losing weight through eating more vegetables and less fast food.And that was why I started eating more vegetables.I also learned to eat less.Within 3 to 5 months I lost 55 pounds.I am still losing weight now but at a slower rate than that when I started changing my diet.I'm confident that my weight will drop to a normal level.
Do you also want to lose weight？If you do，here is some advice for you.If you like eating sweet sugary things，then I would suggest you eat more fruits but with an empty stomach.If you dislike running like me then I would recommend walking if you want to exercise.Here are some more tips.Do not eat too much at one time.Eat slowly and wait till your brain tells you that you're full.Look at nutrition facts on food items before you eat them and throw them away if they're unhealthy.Eat more vegetables and fruits.Spend more time on exercise.
（1）According to Paragraph 1，how many pounds did the writer put on after the second eating disorder？
A．About 45 pounds.
B．66 pounds.
C．75 pounds.
D．About 110 pounds.
（2）The underlined word "ceased" in Paragraph 2 means " ".
A．considered.
B．kept.
C．stopped.
D．tried.
（3）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A．How much weight the writer lost.
B．How the writer's mother lost weight.
C．Why the writer wanted to lose weight.
D．How the writer managed to lose weight.
（4）The writer started eating more vegetables because .
A．other ways were not helpful
B．vegetables were delicious
C．his/her mother asked him/her to do so
D．he/she thought it helpful to lose weigh
4．Fifty﹣five years ago，I got into my fathers lime﹣green 1960 Rambler American﹣﹣a car to take my driver's exam in Lindenhurst.I crossed my fingers to pray that the start button would work.It did，and my father and I got to the test site on time.The streets seemed quite narrow to me.Although nervous，I was determined to do my best.Parallel﹣parking was my flaw，and I hoped that my tires would not hit the curb（路边线）.
When I was practicing for the test，my father，far from being the best teacher，was rather unpleased with my parallel﹣parking.His fearful cries could be heard along the streets of Woodward Parkway in South Farmingdale，my hometown，or in the large empty parking lots where I first put my foot to the gas pedal.I felt embarrassed when he said， "Step on the gas!Check your rear﹣view mirror!Step on the brake!" I was convinced that no one could do all those things at the same time.I had seen the driver's education films showing bodies were cut off in accidents and came away fairly frighteningly.
During my test，I drove cautiously，probably a little too slow，without the benefit of power steering or electronic helpmates.I kept my hands at 10 and 2 on the steering wheel（ 方向盘），checked my mirrors，stopped at stop signs and signaled for turns.I was satisfied with my performance up to that point，but then it was time to parallel﹣park.
Fortunately，the parking area had no curb，just something like a mound of dirt at the edge.I pulled up next to a car，checked my rear﹣view mirror and began to back inward.Somehow，I nailed it on my first try，lining up right behind the car in front of me.Minutes later，the tester announced I had passed.I knew that my life had changed.I had earned freedom of movement and felt a sense of maturity.
（1）Which can best replace the underlined word "flaw" in paragraph 1？
A．Favourite
B．Habit
C．Advantage
D．Weakness
（2）What can be learned from paragraph 2？
A．A terrible accident happened during the practice.
B．A quarrel between the author and his father broke out.
C．The author was doubtful about his father's direction.
D．The author was touched by his father's consideration.
（3）Where did the author park his car during his test at last？
A．Behind a car in line
B．On a mound of dirt
C．Over a curb.
D．In the street of Woodward Parkway.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing the text？
A．To show off his achievement with good luck.
B．To share his experience of taking his driving test.
C．To thank his beloved father for his help.
D．To accept the constant changes in his life.
5．It's not easy feeling like you're always under the spotlight being judged for each little mistake you make.Your mind is in an endless circle playing what you said and did over and over again.You wish you had a time capsule to go back and make things right if you find mistakes.You fear what others will think about you and that they will reject and dislike you.You seek to be socially perfect.
Academically，you work long endless hours just to make those excellent marks.Although most would say "it's good to have high standards"，they have no idea about the internal hell you put yourself through to achieve perfection.If you come up less than your desired goal you feel as though you have failed，but you're far from failing，you just don't see it that way.So instead you are telling yourself that you're stupid，and not smart.The pressure you place on yourself weighs you down and you wear the "not good enough" label each and every day.
You not only have high standards for yourself but you also have them for others.If people don't perform up to your expectations，then you think they are incompetent.This causes a lot of frustration because you can't trust anyone to get things right.So instead of being a team player you fly solo（单飞）and try to do two or three jobs at once.Your unrealistic expectations cause you to criticize and judge others and that leads to problems in other areas of your life.
The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and it's the unachievable American dream that's damaging our emotional and mental health.We strive for perfection with our body，in our performance，and in our relationships.In a society that overstates mistakes，is it any wonder that so many young people attempt the impossible task of being perfect？
We all have flaws，fears，and make mistakes，and that's perfectly OK.It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us grow into a stronger and more adaptable person.We don't have to strive to achieve the impossible.We are designed to be perfectly imperfect.
（1）What might be the most suitable title of the text？
A．Far From Failing
B．Perfectly Imperfect
C．Perfectionism Phenomenon
D．Unachievable American Dream
（2）Which of the following is a perfectionist most likely to agree？
A．Nobody is perfect.
B．Be generous with praise.
C．There is no best，only better.
D．A contented mind is an everlasting feast.
（3）What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4？
A．More and more people are tolerating mistakes.
B．The society is partly to blame for perfectionism.
C．Many young people find it impossible to be perfect.
D．It's unusual for a society to seek perfectionism nowadays.
（4）What does the author think of imperfection？
A．It's part of our life.
B．It's unbearable.
C．It deserves to be overcome.
D．It does harm to our mental health.
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．College is the time when you're expected to focus on your path in life.But it's also the time you're the least equipped to have any long﹣term plan.（1） .
The whole process can be divided into three stages.
The first is "gathering fuel".This means building up your skills，learning from different experiences and developing a network of people who you trust and who trust you.And this is a stage that requires patience and a willingness to identify your own weaknesses and work on them.If you complete this stage with a growing sense of what you love to do and what you are good at， （2） .
The second stage is "burning fuel".This is the time to improve the skills you've obtained through experiences，the people you've met along the way and the recognition of what you should do.（3） .We want to get where we're going in a hurry，but that hardly works.
（4） .Simply speaking，it's about staying strong，while turning an eye towards what lies ahead.It's a surprisingly long journey and most people underestimate it.You can't expect an ideal life to happen by itself.You must recognize that no matter where you are on the path，each step is there to teach you something，feeding you that fuel.
If you're not doing what you want，you need more fuel﹣ so go out and get it. （5） .
A.you are winning
B.that will come true
C.The last part is "saving fuel"
D.The final part is "filling fuel"
E.Here are some tips on how to aim your sights into the future
F.It seems that most of us try to jump straight to the next stage
G.And if you're doing what you want，keep moving and don't settle
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．China（1） （secure） their slot（位置）in this year's women's Tokyo Olympics basketball tournament（锦标）by edging European champions Spain 64﹣62 in a tense qualifier（资格赛） in Serbia on Saturday.
The Group B qualifiers had to （2） （move） from the city of Foshan in China to Belgrade as（3） result of the COVID﹣19（新型冠状病毒）.
China beat Britain 86﹣76 on Thursday and，with the top three in the four﹣team group qualifying for Tokyo，（4） （make）sure of their ticket after holding off a late fightback by the Spaniards.
Champions the United States and hosts Japan have already qualified.South Korea beat Britain 82﹣79 in a（5） （late） match that was a must﹣win for two teams realistically fighting for （6） （three） in the group.
Britain have never before qualified for an Olympic basketball tournament on merit，（7） （appear）only as host nation previously，（8） had arrived in Belgrade hoping for a breakthrough to Tokyo.
Bottom of the group，they left（9） （they）too much to do in the final quarter despite a late surge and will now have to beat Spain on Sunday to have any hope （10） qualifying.
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．Large paintings can （提高；增强）the feeling of space in small room.
9．Having no children of their own，they decided to （收养）an orphan.
10．He pleaded guilty to driving with excess （酒；酒精）.
11．The painful experience has affected both her mental and （身体的） health．
12．The organization publishes a monthly new digest （有规律）.
六．书面表达（共2小题）
13．（2024秋 桥西区校级月考）假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友David在邮 件中透露，他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷，也想尝试一下，为此征求你的意见。请你根据以下提示，给David回一封邮件，劝他不要吸烟。要点如下：
1.吸烟危害大，会影响自身及他人的健康；
2.一旦上瘾，很难戒除；
3.提倡健康、积极的生活方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
14．（2024秋 南昌县校级月考）阅读下列短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语进行续写，使之构成一个完整的短文。续写的词数应为150词左右。
Deep in the forest，my husband and I had climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us.It was May，yet we walked up a snow﹣covered hill.When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees，it did not dampen our spirits.Not once did we say， "let's turn around." This was our vacation，and we were on an adventure.Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.
The trail was marked as an easy one﹣kilometer hike，yet we were already walking a long distance.Our lightheartedness stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it.As my eyes scanned the surroundings，nothing looked familiar.My heart raced.I realized we were lost in a notional park that did not officially open for another week.
Usually，I am the calm one in the relationship，but my husband surprised me with his calmness.This did not comfort me；In fact，it heightened my fear.As we walked，I asked my husband to call for help，but there was no cell﹣phone signal in this isolated （偏僻的） area.
It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road，and my heavy breathing.My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower.With each step on the road，my feet and thighs hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.
My vision sharpened.I noticed everything around me：the trees，rocks and snow.I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water.For the first time in my life，I was ready and willing to get a ride，but we did not meet with a single car on the road.Silently，I prayed multiple times.We focused on each other，made joint decisions and connected through gratitude.We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance._______
Just then，a friendly woman appeared，saying， "Hello." _______
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．According to the World Health Organization（WHO），peoples' health is closely（1） B to their cleaning habits in daily lives.Health experts are（2） C people to wash their hands properly—one of the best ways to protect oneself.
Though some may（3） A this daily cleaning habit，hand washing indeed has a long（4） D .More than 2，500 years ago，Chinese people were required to wash their hands before taking part in ceremonies.Back（5） A ，the habit was a ceremonial ritual（仪式） and had some（6） C rules.
Instead of cleaning one's hands in a basin，people poured the flowing water onto them.That's because in Chinese culture，flowing water is a（7） B of purity that can wash away dirt and evil.
It was not until the 19th century（8） D doctors found that hand washing could reduce the death rate of their patients.The habit was then widely spread among medical staff and later be﹣came（9） A practice among ordinary people.
Apart from washing your hands（10） B ，having a healthy dining habit is also essential.In the West，it is more culturally appropriate to eat your own meals.（11） B ，people in the East are quite different.For them，eating a meal alone is very（12） D during social gatherings.
To show their friendliness，warmth and respect for others，people prefer to eat common dishes.Some even share their utensils（餐具） to show a sense of（13） D .Although this habit seems to be polite，it's（14） C .According to the WHO，foodborne（食物传播的） diseases are quite common，and saliva（唾液） is one of the most common ways for them to spread.
To develop healthier habits，many cities in China，including Beijing，Shanghai and Guangzhou have already（15） A proposals for people to order separate meals and advocate the use of communal（公共的） chopsticks.
（1） A．addicted B．related C．reflected D．meant
（2） A．warning B．talking C．reminding D．helping
（3） A．ignore B．consider C．develop D．create
（4） A．story B．culture C．circle D．history
（5） A．then B．before C．up D．out
（6） A．formal B．sharp C．strict D．wide
（7） A．comment B．symbol C．belief D．point
（8） A．when B．what C．which D．that
（9） A．common B．same C．important D．correct
（10） A．quickly B．frequently C．gradually D．completely
（11） A．Therefore B．However C．Furthermore D．Besides
（12） A．polite B．different C．considerate D．rude
（13） A．responsibility B．awareness C．kindness D．closeness
（14） A．dirty B．healthy C．risky D．necessary
（15） A．launched B．finished C．give D．take
【答案】（1）﹣（5）BCADA （6）﹣（10）CBDAB （11）﹣（15）BDDCA
【分析】本文是一篇科普知识文章，主要讲述了了养成更健康的习惯，包括北京、上海和广州在内的中国许多城市已经提出了人们分餐点餐和提倡使用公用筷子的倡议。
【解答】（1）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.addicted上瘾；B.related与…有关；C.reflected反映；D.meant意味着。根据下句Health experts are people to wash their hands properly—one of the best ways to protect oneself.可知健康专家提醒人们正确洗手——这是保护自己的最佳方法之一。说明人们的健康与洗手有关系。故答案为B。
（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.warning警告；B.talking聊天；C.reminding提醒；D.helping帮助。句意：健康专家提醒人们正确洗手——这是保护自己的最佳方法之一。故答案为C。
（3）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.ignore忽略；B.consider考虑；C.develop发展；D.create创造。根据下句More than 2，500 years ago，Chinese people were required to wash their hands before taking part in ceremonies可知2500多年前，中国人参加仪式前必须洗手。说明我们现在已经忽略了洗手这种方式。故答案为A。
（4）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.story故事；B.culture文化；C.circle圆圈；D.history历史。根据上句More than 2，500 years ago，Chinese people were required to wash their hands before taking part in ceremonies可知2500多年前，中国人参加仪式前必须洗手。说明洗手已经有非常悠久的历史了。故答案为D。
（5）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.then然后；B.before之前；C.up向上；D.out在…外面。那个时候，这个习惯是一种仪式，有一些严格的规定。故答案为A。
（6）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的；B.sharp锋利的；C.strict严格的；D.wide宽广的。根据下句Instead of cleaning one's hands in a basin，people poured the flowing water onto them可知人们没有在盆里洗手，而是将流动的水倒在手上。说明洗手是非常严格的。故答案为C。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.comment评论；B.symbol标志；C.belief信念；D.point意义。根据空后of purity that can wash away dirt and evil.可知因为在中国文化中，流水是纯洁的象征，可以洗去污秽和邪恶。故答案为B。
（8）D.考查连词及语境理解。A.when何时；B.what什么；C.which哪个；D.that连词，只有在定语从句中有含义。句意：直到 19 世纪，医生才发现洗手可以降低患者的死亡率。这是一个强调句型。故答案为D。
（9）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.common普通的；B.same相同的；C.important重要的；D.correct正确的。根据上句The habit was then widely spread among medical staff可知这种习惯随后在医务人员中广泛传播，说明后来成为普通民众的普遍做法。故答案为A。
（10）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.quickly快速地；B.frequently频繁地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.completely完全地。根据上句The habit was then widely spread among medical staff and later be﹣came practice among ordinary people.可知这种习惯随后在医务人员中广泛传播，后来成为普通民众的普遍做法。说明人们频繁地洗手。故答案为B。
（11）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Furthermore此外；D.Besides除了。根据下句people in the East are quite different可知东方的人很不一样。和上句In the West，it is more culturally appropriate to eat your own meals（在西方，自己吃饭在文化上更合适）是转折关系。故答案为B。
（12）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.polite礼貌的；B.different不同的；C.considerate考虑周到的；D.rude粗鲁的。根据上句people in the East are quite different可知东方的人很不一样。说明在聚会时一起吃饭是粗鲁的。故答案为D。
（13）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.responsibility责任；B.awareness意识；C.kindness好心；D.closeness亲密度。根据上句Some even share their utensils（餐具） to show a sense of 可知有些人甚至分享他们的餐具以示亲近感。故答案为D。
（14）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dirty脏的；B.healthy健康的；C.risky冒险的；D.necessary必须的。根据下句According to the WHO，foodborne（食物传播的） diseases are quite common，and saliva（唾液） is one of the most common ways for them to spread.可知据世界卫生组织称，食源性疾病相当普遍，而唾液是它们最常见的传播方式之一。说明一起吃饭是有危险的。故答案为C。
（15）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.launched开始；B.finished完成；C.give给予；D.take带走。根据空后proposals for people to order separate meals and advocate the use of communal（公共的） chopsticks.可知为了养成更健康的习惯，包括北京、上海和广州在内的中国许多城市已经提出了人们分餐点餐和提倡使用公用筷子的倡议。故答案为A。
【点评】完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．Smokers may ignore the health warnings by telling themselves their habit makes them look cool.After all，sex symbols James Dean and Humphrey Bogart were rarely seen without a cigarette.However，the latest evidence shows that smoking actually makes you less attractive to the opposite sex.Wrinkles from smoking a cigarette may be to blame for people judging non﹣smokers to be better﹣looking.
This was the result of a study asking more than 500 people to pick the most attractive of twins where one smoked and the other did not.Men found female non﹣smokers the most attractive in two﹣thirds of cases，while women chose non﹣smoking men as the most attractive 68 percent of the time.
Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak，a co﹣author of the study from Bristol University，said，"People assume that smoking causes damage to the skin and appearance，but this is a really neat way of looking at it because these twins are genetically identical，so we can control for genetic factors involved in ageing.Appearance seems to be important to people，especially young people，so we could use these sorts of findings as a basis for future interventions to stop people smoking."
Smoking can speed up the normal ageing，even after only a decade.Nicotine causes narrowing of the blood vessels in the outermost layers of the skin，while the chemicals in tobacco smoke damage collagen and elastin，fibres which give the skin its elasticity（弹性）.
The wrinkles this causes are added to by facial expressions made when smoking such as pursing the lips when inhaling （吸气） or squinting to keep smoke out of your eyes.
（1）Why does the author mention James Dean and Humphrey Bogart？ C
A．To persuade smokers to give up smoking.
B．To compare them with non﹣smokers.
C．To tell us many people are influenced by them.
D．To show understanding and comfort smokers.
（2）What is Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak's altitude to smoking？ A
A．Disapproving.
B．Favorable.
C．Unconcerned.
D．Cautious.
（3）What can be inferred from the text？ B
A．Smokers look cooler than non﹣smokers.
B．Smoking may speed up skin's ageing.
C．Smokers look younger than non﹣smokers.
D．Smoking should be banned right away.
【答案】CAB
【分析】本文是一篇说明文阅读，文章主要介绍了吸烟者可能会无视健康警告，告诉自己他们的习惯让他们看起来很酷。毕竟，詹姆斯 迪恩（James Dean）和亨弗莱 鲍嘉（Humphrey Bogart）的性感象征都少不了香烟。然而，最新的证据表明，吸烟实际上会降低你对异性的吸引力。吸烟引起的皱纹可能是人们对不吸烟的人做出更好的评价的原因。
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题。根据第一段"After all，sex symbols James Dean and Humphrey Bogart were rarely seen without a cigarette.However，the latest evidence shows that smoking actually makes you less attractive to the opposite sex.毕竟，性感偶像詹姆斯 迪恩（James Dean）和亨弗莱 鲍嘉（Humphrey Bogart）很少不抽烟。然而，最新的证据表明，吸烟实际上会降低你对异性的吸引力。"可知作者提到詹姆斯 迪恩和亨弗莱 鲍嘉是为了告诉我们很多人都受到他们的影响。故选C。
（2）A．情感态度题。根据第三段"Appearance seems to be important to people，especially young people，so we could use these sorts of findings as a basis for future interventions to stop people smoking.外表对人们来说似乎很重要，尤其是年轻人，所以我们可以把这类发现作为未来干预措施的基础，以阻止人们吸烟。"可知Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak对抽烟的态度是不赞成的。故选A。
（3）B．推理判断题。根据最后一段"The wrinkles this causes are added to by facial expressions made when smoking such as pursing the lips when inhaling （吸气） or squinting to keep smoke out of your eyes.吸烟时的面部表情会增加皱纹，比如吸气时撅起嘴唇或眯起眼睛防止烟进入眼睛。"可知吸烟可能加速皮肤老化。故选B。
【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
3．I had an eating disorder when I was about 14.I went from being 5'4″（5 feet 4 inches） and 130 pounds to 5'6″ and 94 pounds.I wanted to gain weight，so I ate anything I wanted and ended up at 5'8″ and 160 pounds.Then I had another eating disorder and went from 160 to 130 pounds at 5'9″.I started eating a lot again and ended up at 205 pounds.I was really close to obesity and was concerned about my health.
So I decided to take action，I cut off many carbs（含碳水化合物的食物）.I ceased drinking sugary soft drinks which can make people gain weight quickly.I started eating more vegetables in my diet.My mom weighed 130 pounds two years ago.In order to lose weight，she gave up fast food and ate vegetables instead.She is now around 107 pounds.She succeeds in losing weight through eating more vegetables and less fast food.And that was why I started eating more vegetables.I also learned to eat less.Within 3 to 5 months I lost 55 pounds.I am still losing weight now but at a slower rate than that when I started changing my diet.I'm confident that my weight will drop to a normal level.
Do you also want to lose weight？If you do，here is some advice for you.If you like eating sweet sugary things，then I would suggest you eat more fruits but with an empty stomach.If you dislike running like me then I would recommend walking if you want to exercise.Here are some more tips.Do not eat too much at one time.Eat slowly and wait till your brain tells you that you're full.Look at nutrition facts on food items before you eat them and throw them away if they're unhealthy.Eat more vegetables and fruits.Spend more time on exercise.
（1）According to Paragraph 1，how many pounds did the writer put on after the second eating disorder？ C
A．About 45 pounds.
B．66 pounds.
C．75 pounds.
D．About 110 pounds.
（2）The underlined word "ceased" in Paragraph 2 means " C ".
A．considered.
B．kept.
C．stopped.
D．tried.
（3）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？ D
A．How much weight the writer lost.
B．How the writer's mother lost weight.
C．Why the writer wanted to lose weight.
D．How the writer managed to lose weight.
（4）The writer started eating more vegetables because D .
A．other ways were not helpful
B．vegetables were delicious
C．his/her mother asked him/her to do so
D．he/she thought it helpful to lose weigh
【答案】CCDD
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者向我们介绍了自己是如何减肥的，并提出了一些建议。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Then I had another eating disorder and went from 160 to 130 pounds"然后我又吃了一顿饭，体重从160磅增加到130磅。以及﹣I started eating a lot again and ended up a 205 pounds"我又开始大吃大喝，结果胖了205磅。可知，作者从130磅增到205磅，故体重增加了75磅。故选C。
（2）C.词义猜测题。由上文中的"I decided to take action"我决定采取行动与下文中的"...I lost 55 pounds.I am still losing weight now"我瘦了55磅。我现在正在减肥。可知，作者想减肥，而含糖软伙料会让人增肥。因此画线词在这里应该是"停止"喝这些饮料。A.considered考虑；B.kept保持；C.stopped停止；D.tried试图。故选C。
（3）D.段落大意题。由本段句子"I decided to take action.I cutoff many carbs.I ceased..."决定采取行动。我吃了很多碳水化合物。我停止了。和"I'm confident that my weight will drop to a normal level"我确信我的体重会降到正常水平。可知，第二段主要是讲作者是如何减肥的，故选D。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据第二段的"She succeeds in losing weight through eating more vegetables and less fast food.And that was why I started eating more vegetables"她通过多吃蔬菜少吃快餐成功地减肥了，这就是我开始多吃蔬菜的原因。可推断作者多吃蔬菜是因为作者认为吃蔬菜可以帮助减肥。故选D。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4．Fifty﹣five years ago，I got into my fathers lime﹣green 1960 Rambler American﹣﹣a car to take my driver's exam in Lindenhurst.I crossed my fingers to pray that the start button would work.It did，and my father and I got to the test site on time.The streets seemed quite narrow to me.Although nervous，I was determined to do my best.Parallel﹣parking was my flaw，and I hoped that my tires would not hit the curb（路边线）.
When I was practicing for the test，my father，far from being the best teacher，was rather unpleased with my parallel﹣parking.His fearful cries could be heard along the streets of Woodward Parkway in South Farmingdale，my hometown，or in the large empty parking lots where I first put my foot to the gas pedal.I felt embarrassed when he said， "Step on the gas!Check your rear﹣view mirror!Step on the brake!" I was convinced that no one could do all those things at the same time.I had seen the driver's education films showing bodies were cut off in accidents and came away fairly frighteningly.
During my test，I drove cautiously，probably a little too slow，without the benefit of power steering or electronic helpmates.I kept my hands at 10 and 2 on the steering wheel（ 方向盘），checked my mirrors，stopped at stop signs and signaled for turns.I was satisfied with my performance up to that point，but then it was time to parallel﹣park.
Fortunately，the parking area had no curb，just something like a mound of dirt at the edge.I pulled up next to a car，checked my rear﹣view mirror and began to back inward.Somehow，I nailed it on my first try，lining up right behind the car in front of me.Minutes later，the tester announced I had passed.I knew that my life had changed.I had earned freedom of movement and felt a sense of maturity.
（1）Which can best replace the underlined word "flaw" in paragraph 1？ D
A．Favourite
B．Habit
C．Advantage
D．Weakness
（2）What can be learned from paragraph 2？ C
A．A terrible accident happened during the practice.
B．A quarrel between the author and his father broke out.
C．The author was doubtful about his father's direction.
D．The author was touched by his father's consideration.
（3）Where did the author park his car during his test at last？ A
A．Behind a car in line
B．On a mound of dirt
C．Over a curb.
D．In the street of Woodward Parkway.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing the text？ B
A．To show off his achievement with good luck.
B．To share his experience of taking his driving test.
C．To thank his beloved father for his help.
D．To accept the constant changes in his life.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一次参加驾驶考试的经历，平行停车是作者的弱项，但是作者竟然一次成功了，顺利通过了考试。
【解答】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据本句"Parallel﹣parking was my flaw，and I hoped that my tires would not hit the curb（路边线）.（平行停车是我的flaw，我希望我的轮胎不会撞到路边线。）"可知，希望轮胎不要撞到路边线，应是平行停车是"弱项"结合选项，A.Favourite最喜欢的人或物；B.Habit习惯；C.Advantage优势；D.Weakness弱点。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据本段倒数第二句"I was convinced that no one could do all those things at the same time.（我确信没有人能同时做所有这些事情。）"可知，作者对她父亲的指导表示怀疑，故选C。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第四段第三句"Somehow，I nailed it on my first try，lining up right behind the car in front of me.（不知怎么地，我第一次尝试就成功了，正好笔直地排在了我前面的车后面。）"可知，作者最终把车停在了一条线上的汽车后面，故选A。
（4）B.写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是作者一次驾驶考试的经历，作者写这篇文章的目的，应是分享他参加驾驶考试的经历，故选B。
【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
5．It's not easy feeling like you're always under the spotlight being judged for each little mistake you make.Your mind is in an endless circle playing what you said and did over and over again.You wish you had a time capsule to go back and make things right if you find mistakes.You fear what others will think about you and that they will reject and dislike you.You seek to be socially perfect.
Academically，you work long endless hours just to make those excellent marks.Although most would say "it's good to have high standards"，they have no idea about the internal hell you put yourself through to achieve perfection.If you come up less than your desired goal you feel as though you have failed，but you're far from failing，you just don't see it that way.So instead you are telling yourself that you're stupid，and not smart.The pressure you place on yourself weighs you down and you wear the "not good enough" label each and every day.
You not only have high standards for yourself but you also have them for others.If people don't perform up to your expectations，then you think they are incompetent.This causes a lot of frustration because you can't trust anyone to get things right.So instead of being a team player you fly solo（单飞）and try to do two or three jobs at once.Your unrealistic expectations cause you to criticize and judge others and that leads to problems in other areas of your life.
The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and it's the unachievable American dream that's damaging our emotional and mental health.We strive for perfection with our body，in our performance，and in our relationships.In a society that overstates mistakes，is it any wonder that so many young people attempt the impossible task of being perfect？
We all have flaws，fears，and make mistakes，and that's perfectly OK.It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us grow into a stronger and more adaptable person.We don't have to strive to achieve the impossible.We are designed to be perfectly imperfect.
（1）What might be the most suitable title of the text？ B
A．Far From Failing
B．Perfectly Imperfect
C．Perfectionism Phenomenon
D．Unachievable American Dream
（2）Which of the following is a perfectionist most likely to agree？ C
A．Nobody is perfect.
B．Be generous with praise.
C．There is no best，only better.
D．A contented mind is an everlasting feast.
（3）What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4？ B
A．More and more people are tolerating mistakes.
B．The society is partly to blame for perfectionism.
C．Many young people find it impossible to be perfect.
D．It's unusual for a society to seek perfectionism nowadays.
（4）What does the author think of imperfection？ A
A．It's part of our life.
B．It's unbearable.
C．It deserves to be overcome.
D．It does harm to our mental health.
【答案】BCBA
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过对"完美主义者"的心态和做法的描述，向我们指出，完美是不可能实现的。正是我们的"不完美"使得我们的生活变得有趣，帮助我们成长。
【解答】（1）B.标题归纳题。文章通篇讨论完美主义者的心态和做法，并在最后一段得出结论"It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us…We are designed to be perfectly imperfect."由此可知，正是我们的"不完美"使得我们的生活变得有趣，帮助我们成为更强大且适应性更强的人，有些事情根本就是不可能实现的，不完美反而造就更好的我们，故选B项。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的"you wear the 'not good enough' label each and every day你每天都戴着"不够好"的标签。"可知，完美主义者总认为自己不够好。C项"没有最好，只有更好"，符合完美主义者的心态。故选C项。
（3）B.句意理解题。根据第四段中的"The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and…in our relationships.在我们的关系中，追求完美被称为完美主义。"可知，美国梦就是追求完美，这个无法实现的梦想正在破坏着我们的情感和心理健康。美国梦代表的是美国社会，而这个夸大错误、追求完美的社会对年轻人追求完美的行为产生了一定影响，所以这个社会应为完美主义负部分责任，故选B项。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"We all have flaws，fears，and make mistakes，and that's perfectly OK.It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us grow into a stronger and more adaptable person.We don't have to strive to achieve the impossible.We are designed to be perfectly imperfect."可知，我们都有缺点、恐惧，都会犯错误，正是这些不完美使得我们的生活变得有趣，帮助我们成为更强大且适应性更强的人，所以它是我们生活的一部分，故选A项。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．College is the time when you're expected to focus on your path in life.But it's also the time you're the least equipped to have any long﹣term plan.（1） E .
The whole process can be divided into three stages.
The first is "gathering fuel".This means building up your skills，learning from different experiences and developing a network of people who you trust and who trust you.And this is a stage that requires patience and a willingness to identify your own weaknesses and work on them.If you complete this stage with a growing sense of what you love to do and what you are good at， （2） A .
The second stage is "burning fuel".This is the time to improve the skills you've obtained through experiences，the people you've met along the way and the recognition of what you should do.（3） F .We want to get where we're going in a hurry，but that hardly works.
（4） D .Simply speaking，it's about staying strong，while turning an eye towards what lies ahead.It's a surprisingly long journey and most people underestimate it.You can't expect an ideal life to happen by itself.You must recognize that no matter where you are on the path，each step is there to teach you something，feeding you that fuel.
If you're not doing what you want，you need more fuel﹣ so go out and get it. （5） G .
A.you are winning
B.that will come true
C.The last part is "saving fuel"
D.The final part is "filling fuel"
E.Here are some tips on how to aim your sights into the future
F.It seems that most of us try to jump straight to the next stage
G.And if you're doing what you want，keep moving and don't settle
【答案】EAFDG
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。大学是人们期望你专注于人生道路的时候，但也是你最没有能力制定长期计划的时候。本文介绍一些关于如何瞄准未来的建议。
【解答】（1）E.推理判断题。根据前句College is the time when you're expected to focus on your path in life.But it's also the time you're the least equipped to have any long﹣term plan表示"大学是人们期望你专注于人生道路的时候，但也是你最没有能力制定长期计划的时候"，以及后文给出的建议，可知表示"这里有一些关于如何瞄准未来的建议"的选项E可以起到承上启下的作用，故选E。
（2）A.推理关系题。根据前半句If you complete this stage with a growing sense of what you love to do and what you are good at表示"如果在完成这一阶段时，你对自己喜欢做的和擅长的事情的感觉越来越强烈"，可知表示"你赢了"的选项A符合前后的因果关系，故选A。
（3）F.细节理解题。根据后句We want to get where we're going in a hurry，but that hardly works.
表示"我们想尽快到达我们要去的地方，但这很难奏效"，可知表示"似乎我们大多数人都试图直接跳到下一个阶段"的选项F符合前后的语境，get where we're going in a hurry和jump straight to the next stage是关联词，故选F。
（4）D.主旨判断题。根据前两段的The first...The second stage可知本段是第三个阶段；以及后句Simply speaking，it's about staying strong，while turning an eye towards what lies ahead...You must recognize that no matter where you are on the path，each step is there to teach you something，feeding you that fuel表示"简单地说，就是要保持坚强，同时关注未来......你必须认识到，无论你在道路上走到哪里，每一步都会教你一些东西，为你提供燃料"，可知表示"最后一部分是：加注燃油"的选项D符合本段的主题，故选D。
（5）G.推理判断题。根据前句If you're not doing what you want，you need more fuel﹣ so go out and get it表示"如果你没有做你想做的事，你需要更多的燃料﹣﹣﹣﹣所以出去买吧"，可知表示"如果你在做你想做的事，继续前进，不要停下来"的选项G符合前后的并列关系，故选G。
【点评】做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．China（1） secured （secure） their slot（位置）in this year's women's Tokyo Olympics basketball tournament（锦标）by edging European champions Spain 64﹣62 in a tense qualifier（资格赛） in Serbia on Saturday.
The Group B qualifiers had to （2） be moved （move） from the city of Foshan in China to Belgrade as（3） a result of the COVID﹣19（新型冠状病毒）.
China beat Britain 86﹣76 on Thursday and，with the top three in the four﹣team group qualifying for Tokyo，（4） made （make）sure of their ticket after holding off a late fightback by the Spaniards.
Champions the United States and hosts Japan have already qualified.South Korea beat Britain 82﹣79 in a（5） later （late） match that was a must﹣win for two teams realistically fighting for （6） third （three） in the group.
Britain have never before qualified for an Olympic basketball tournament on merit，（7） appearing （appear）only as host nation previously，（8） but had arrived in Belgrade hoping for a breakthrough to Tokyo.
Bottom of the group，they left（9） themselves （they）too much to do in the final quarter despite a late surge and will now have to beat Spain on Sunday to have any hope （10） of qualifying.
【答案】（1）secured（2）be moved（3）a（4）made（5）later（6）third（7）appearing（8）but（9）themselves（10）of
【分析】本文讲述获得了参加今年东京奥运会女子篮球比赛资格的几个球队的比赛情况。
【解答】（1）secured.考查时态。句意：周六，在塞尔维亚进行的一场紧张的预选赛中，中国队以64﹣62险胜欧洲冠军西班牙队，获得了参加今年东京奥运会女子篮球比赛的资格。描述已发生的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填secured。
（2）be moved.考查语态。句意：由于新型冠状病毒感染症（COVID﹣19病毒），B组资格赛不得不从中国佛山转移到贝尔格莱德。move和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，前面有had to，故填be moved。
（3）a.考查冠词。句意：由于新型冠状病毒感染症（COVID﹣19病毒），B组资格赛不得不从中国佛山转移到贝尔格莱德。as a result of由于……的结果，故填a。
（4）made.考查时态。句意：周四，中国队以86比76击败了英国队，凭借前四名的成绩晋级东京奥运会，在最后时刻顶住了西班牙队的反击，确保了自己的入场券。和beat并列作谓语，由and连接，所以用一般过去时态，故填made。
（5）later.考查形容词比较级。句意：冠军美国队和东道主日本队已经晋级。在随后的一场比赛中，韩国队以82﹣79击败英国队，这场比赛是两队必胜的一场，两队实际上是争夺小组第三名。表示"稍后的"，所以用形容词比较级作定语，故填later。
（6）third.考查序数词。句意：冠军美国队和东道主日本队已经晋级。在随后的一场比赛中，韩国队以82﹣79击败英国队，这场比赛是两队必胜的一场，两队实际上是争夺小组第三名。表示"第三名"，所以用序数词，故填third。
（7）appearing.考查现在分词。句意：此前，英国从未凭实力获得奥运会篮球比赛的参赛资格，以前只是以主办国的身份参赛，但这次来到贝尔格莱德，希望能在东京取得突破。appear和主语之间是主动关系，所以用字符串作状语，故填appearing。
（8）but.考查连词。句意：此前，英国从未凭实力获得奥运会篮球比赛的参赛资格，以前只是以主办国的身份参赛，但这次来到贝尔格莱德，希望能在东京取得突破。前后是转折关系，所以用but连接，故填but。
（9）themselves.考查反身代词。句意：在小组中垫底的他们在最后四分之一的比赛中有太多的事情要做，尽管他们在最后阶段的表现有所提升，现在他们必须在周日击败西班牙才能有晋级的希望。指主语they本身，所以用反身代词，故填themselves。
（10）of.考查介词。句意：在小组中垫底的他们在最后四分之一的比赛中有太多的事情要做，尽管他们在最后阶段的表现有所提升，现在他们必须在周日击败西班牙才能有晋级的希望。have hope of有……的希望，故填of。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．Large paintings can enhance （提高；增强）the feeling of space in small room.
【答案】enhance
【分析】大的画可以增强小房间的空间感。
【解答】答案：enhance.根据汉语提示"提高；增强"和空前的情态动词can可知，此处应填入动词原形，"提高；增强"英语是enhance，故填enhance。
【点评】解这类题目，首先要准确地理解句子，翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词或短语的词性，结合一定的语法知识，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更畅通。
9．Having no children of their own，they decided to adopt （收养）an orphan.
【答案】adopt
【分析】他们没有自己的孩子，所以决定收养一个孤儿。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"收养"可译为adopt，不定式符号to后接动词原形。
故填：adopt。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
10．He pleaded guilty to driving with excess alcohol （酒；酒精）.
【答案】alcohol
【分析】他对过量饮酒后驾车一事表示服罪。
【解答】答案：alcohol.根据所给的汉语提示"酒；酒精"和空前的形容词excess可知，此处应用名词形式，"酒；酒精"的英语是alcohol，故填alcohol。
【点评】翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化。
11．The painful experience has affected both her mental and physical （身体的） health．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】痛苦的经历影响了她的身心健康．
【解答】答案：physical
考查形容词．根据所给的汉语提示"身体的"和空后的名词health可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，"身体的"的英语是physical，故填physical．
【点评】形容词是中学英语的重要语法，解题时首先要根据语境和逻辑来推断出空所需要的词性，或者是根据句子结构的需要来推断词性，然后根据句意和所给的汉语提示写出正确答案．
12．The organization publishes a monthly new digest regularly （有规律）.
【答案】regularly
【分析】该组织定期出版每月新摘要。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"有规律"可译为regularly，副词regularly修饰动词publishes。
故填：regularly。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
六．书面表达（共2小题）
13．（2024秋 桥西区校级月考）假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友David在邮 件中透露，他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷，也想尝试一下，为此征求你的意见。请你根据以下提示，给David回一封邮件，劝他不要吸烟。要点如下：
1.吸烟危害大，会影响自身及他人的健康；
2.一旦上瘾，很难戒除；
3.提倡健康、积极的生活方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. As far as I can see，smoking is a bad habit.
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body.It can do terrible damage to your heart，and even cause cancer.Additionally，cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members.What's worse，you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
I suggest you live a healthy and active life.You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David，
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool．As far as I can see，smoking is a bad habit.
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body.It can do terrible damage to your heart，and even cause cancer.Additionally，cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members.What's worse，you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
I suggest you live a healthy and active life.You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【分析】高分句型一：It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body.
翻译：人们普遍认为吸烟对身体有害。
分析：本句使用了that引导的主语从句。
高分句型二：What's worse，you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
翻译：更糟糕的是，一旦你对吸烟上瘾，你就会发现很难戒烟。
分析：本句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式to give up。
【解答】Dear David，
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool．As far as I can see，smoking is a bad habit.（点明主题）
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body.【高分句型一】It can do terrible damage to your heart，and even cause cancer.Additionally，cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members.What's worse，you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.【高分句型二】（吸烟的危害）
I suggest you live a healthy and active life.You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.（提倡健康、积极的生活方式）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
14．（2024秋 南昌县校级月考）阅读下列短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语进行续写，使之构成一个完整的短文。续写的词数应为150词左右。
Deep in the forest，my husband and I had climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us.It was May，yet we walked up a snow﹣covered hill.When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees，it did not dampen our spirits.Not once did we say， "let's turn around." This was our vacation，and we were on an adventure.Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.
The trail was marked as an easy one﹣kilometer hike，yet we were already walking a long distance.Our lightheartedness stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it.As my eyes scanned the surroundings，nothing looked familiar.My heart raced.I realized we were lost in a notional park that did not officially open for another week.
Usually，I am the calm one in the relationship，but my husband surprised me with his calmness.This did not comfort me；In fact，it heightened my fear.As we walked，I asked my husband to call for help，but there was no cell﹣phone signal in this isolated （偏僻的） area.
It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road，and my heavy breathing.My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower.With each step on the road，my feet and thighs hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.
My vision sharpened.I noticed everything around me：the trees，rocks and snow.I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water.For the first time in my life，I was ready and willing to get a ride，but we did not meet with a single car on the road.Silently，I prayed multiple times.We focused on each other，made joint decisions and connected through gratitude.We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance._______
Just then，a friendly woman appeared，saying， "Hello." _______
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，作者和丈夫正深入森林深处探险，这时，他们注意到租的车看不见了，意识到在森林里迷路之后，作者变得非常紧张，但他们只能保持镇定，继续行走在主干道上，希望遇到过路的车辆或行人以便求助。
高分句型一：
We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains were gone.
译文：我们快速地爬上山，好像所有的痛苦都消失了似的。
分析：as if引导方式状语从句。
高分句型二：
After studying the map，we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away.
译文：研究地图后，我们发现我们的车停在3公里外。
分析：that引导一个宾语从句。
【解答】Paragraph 1：
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance.In no time did we find ourselves heading for it.We were filled with hope and excitement to find such a building in the middle of nowhere.We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains were gone. 【高分句型一】As we approached，a sign came into sight，which read：Administration Office.However，it was not open for business.The empty hall made us nervous all at once.We stood there hopelessly wondering what to do next.（我们在迷茫中发现了远方的一栋楼，兴奋地走近之后发现行政办公室不对外服务）
Paragraph 2：
Just then，a friendly woman appeared，saying， "Hello." I could barely hold back my enthusiasm and blurted out， "We're lost!" She comforted us and opened a room for us to take a break.Seeing we were cold and hungry，she treated us with hot chocolate.After studying the map，we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away.【高分句型二】She offered us a ride back to our car and we accepted gladly.I felt relieved to see our rental car again.What a blessing to have such an unforgettable experience!（一位妇女为我们提供了休息的场所和吃的食物，她为我们雇了一辆车把我们送到了我们的汽车旁，倍感欣慰）
【点评】解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）关键用词，标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．According to the World Health Organization（WHO），peoples' health is closely（1） to their cleaning habits in daily lives.Health experts are（2） people to wash their hands properly—one of the best ways to protect oneself.
Though some may（3） this daily cleaning habit，hand washing indeed has a long（4） .More than 2，500 years ago，Chinese people were required to wash their hands before taking part in ceremonies.Back（5） ，the habit was a ceremonial ritual（仪式） and had some（6） rules.
Instead of cleaning one's hands in a basin，people poured the flowing water onto them.That's because in Chinese culture，flowing water is a（7） of purity that can wash away dirt and evil.
It was not until the 19th century（8） doctors found that hand washing could reduce the death rate of their patients.The habit was then widely spread among medical staff and later be﹣came（9） practice among ordinary people.
Apart from washing your hands（10） ，having a healthy dining habit is also essential.In the West，it is more culturally appropriate to eat your own meals.（11） ，people in the East are quite different.For them，eating a meal alone is very（12） during social gatherings.
To show their friendliness，warmth and respect for others，people prefer to eat common dishes.Some even share their utensils（餐具） to show a sense of（13） .Although this habit seems to be polite，it's（14） .According to the WHO，foodborne（食物传播的） diseases are quite common，and saliva（唾液） is one of the most common ways for them to spread.
To develop healthier habits，many cities in China，including Beijing，Shanghai and Guangzhou have already（15） proposals for people to order separate meals and advocate the use of communal（公共的） chopsticks.
（1） A．addicted B．related C．reflected D．meant
（2） A．warning B．talking C．reminding D．helping
（3） A．ignore B．consider C．develop D．create
（4） A．story B．culture C．circle D．history
（5） A．then B．before C．up D．out
（6） A．formal B．sharp C．strict D．wide
（7） A．comment B．symbol C．belief D．point
（8） A．when B．what C．which D．that
（9） A．common B．same C．important D．correct
（10） A．quickly B．frequently C．gradually D．completely
（11） A．Therefore B．However C．Furthermore D．Besides
（12） A．polite B．different C．considerate D．rude
（13） A．responsibility B．awareness C．kindness D．closeness
（14） A．dirty B．healthy C．risky D．necessary
（15） A．launched B．finished C．give D．take
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．Smokers may ignore the health warnings by telling themselves their habit makes them look cool.After all，sex symbols James Dean and Humphrey Bogart were rarely seen without a cigarette.However，the latest evidence shows that smoking actually makes you less attractive to the opposite sex.Wrinkles from smoking a cigarette may be to blame for people judging non﹣smokers to be better﹣looking.
This was the result of a study asking more than 500 people to pick the most attractive of twins where one smoked and the other did not.Men found female non﹣smokers the most attractive in two﹣thirds of cases，while women chose non﹣smoking men as the most attractive 68 percent of the time.
Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak，a co﹣author of the study from Bristol University，said，"People assume that smoking causes damage to the skin and appearance，but this is a really neat way of looking at it because these twins are genetically identical，so we can control for genetic factors involved in ageing.Appearance seems to be important to people，especially young people，so we could use these sorts of findings as a basis for future interventions to stop people smoking."
Smoking can speed up the normal ageing，even after only a decade.Nicotine causes narrowing of the blood vessels in the outermost layers of the skin，while the chemicals in tobacco smoke damage collagen and elastin，fibres which give the skin its elasticity（弹性）.
The wrinkles this causes are added to by facial expressions made when smoking such as pursing the lips when inhaling （吸气） or squinting to keep smoke out of your eyes.
（1）Why does the author mention James Dean and Humphrey Bogart？
A．To persuade smokers to give up smoking.
B．To compare them with non﹣smokers.
C．To tell us many people are influenced by them.
D．To show understanding and comfort smokers.
（2）What is Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak's altitude to smoking？
A．Disapproving.
B．Favorable.
C．Unconcerned.
D．Cautious.
（3）What can be inferred from the text？
A．Smokers look cooler than non﹣smokers.
B．Smoking may speed up skin's ageing.
C．Smokers look younger than non﹣smokers.
D．Smoking should be banned right away.
3．I had an eating disorder when I was about 14.I went from being 5'4″（5 feet 4 inches） and 130 pounds to 5'6″ and 94 pounds.I wanted to gain weight，so I ate anything I wanted and ended up at 5'8″ and 160 pounds.Then I had another eating disorder and went from 160 to 130 pounds at 5'9″.I started eating a lot again and ended up at 205 pounds.I was really close to obesity and was concerned about my health.
So I decided to take action，I cut off many carbs（含碳水化合物的食物）.I ceased drinking sugary soft drinks which can make people gain weight quickly.I started eating more vegetables in my diet.My mom weighed 130 pounds two years ago.In order to lose weight，she gave up fast food and ate vegetables instead.She is now around 107 pounds.She succeeds in losing weight through eating more vegetables and less fast food.And that was why I started eating more vegetables.I also learned to eat less.Within 3 to 5 months I lost 55 pounds.I am still losing weight now but at a slower rate than that when I started changing my diet.I'm confident that my weight will drop to a normal level.
Do you also want to lose weight？If you do，here is some advice for you.If you like eating sweet sugary things，then I would suggest you eat more fruits but with an empty stomach.If you dislike running like me then I would recommend walking if you want to exercise.Here are some more tips.Do not eat too much at one time.Eat slowly and wait till your brain tells you that you're full.Look at nutrition facts on food items before you eat them and throw them away if they're unhealthy.Eat more vegetables and fruits.Spend more time on exercise.
（1）According to Paragraph 1，how many pounds did the writer put on after the second eating disorder？
A．About 45 pounds.
B．66 pounds.
C．75 pounds.
D．About 110 pounds.
（2）The underlined word "ceased" in Paragraph 2 means " ".
A．considered.
B．kept.
C．stopped.
D．tried.
（3）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A．How much weight the writer lost.
B．How the writer's mother lost weight.
C．Why the writer wanted to lose weight.
D．How the writer managed to lose weight.
（4）The writer started eating more vegetables because .
A．other ways were not helpful
B．vegetables were delicious
C．his/her mother asked him/her to do so
D．he/she thought it helpful to lose weigh
4．Fifty﹣five years ago，I got into my fathers lime﹣green 1960 Rambler American﹣﹣a car to take my driver's exam in Lindenhurst.I crossed my fingers to pray that the start button would work.It did，and my father and I got to the test site on time.The streets seemed quite narrow to me.Although nervous，I was determined to do my best.Parallel﹣parking was my flaw，and I hoped that my tires would not hit the curb（路边线）.
When I was practicing for the test，my father，far from being the best teacher，was rather unpleased with my parallel﹣parking.His fearful cries could be heard along the streets of Woodward Parkway in South Farmingdale，my hometown，or in the large empty parking lots where I first put my foot to the gas pedal.I felt embarrassed when he said， "Step on the gas!Check your rear﹣view mirror!Step on the brake!" I was convinced that no one could do all those things at the same time.I had seen the driver's education films showing bodies were cut off in accidents and came away fairly frighteningly.
During my test，I drove cautiously，probably a little too slow，without the benefit of power steering or electronic helpmates.I kept my hands at 10 and 2 on the steering wheel（ 方向盘），checked my mirrors，stopped at stop signs and signaled for turns.I was satisfied with my performance up to that point，but then it was time to parallel﹣park.
Fortunately，the parking area had no curb，just something like a mound of dirt at the edge.I pulled up next to a car，checked my rear﹣view mirror and began to back inward.Somehow，I nailed it on my first try，lining up right behind the car in front of me.Minutes later，the tester announced I had passed.I knew that my life had changed.I had earned freedom of movement and felt a sense of maturity.
（1）Which can best replace the underlined word "flaw" in paragraph 1？
A．Favourite
B．Habit
C．Advantage
D．Weakness
（2）What can be learned from paragraph 2？
A．A terrible accident happened during the practice.
B．A quarrel between the author and his father broke out.
C．The author was doubtful about his father's direction.
D．The author was touched by his father's consideration.
（3）Where did the author park his car during his test at last？
A．Behind a car in line
B．On a mound of dirt
C．Over a curb.
D．In the street of Woodward Parkway.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing the text？
A．To show off his achievement with good luck.
B．To share his experience of taking his driving test.
C．To thank his beloved father for his help.
D．To accept the constant changes in his life.
5．It's not easy feeling like you're always under the spotlight being judged for each little mistake you make.Your mind is in an endless circle playing what you said and did over and over again.You wish you had a time capsule to go back and make things right if you find mistakes.You fear what others will think about you and that they will reject and dislike you.You seek to be socially perfect.
Academically，you work long endless hours just to make those excellent marks.Although most would say "it's good to have high standards"，they have no idea about the internal hell you put yourself through to achieve perfection.If you come up less than your desired goal you feel as though you have failed，but you're far from failing，you just don't see it that way.So instead you are telling yourself that you're stupid，and not smart.The pressure you place on yourself weighs you down and you wear the "not good enough" label each and every day.
You not only have high standards for yourself but you also have them for others.If people don't perform up to your expectations，then you think they are incompetent.This causes a lot of frustration because you can't trust anyone to get things right.So instead of being a team player you fly solo（单飞）and try to do two or three jobs at once.Your unrealistic expectations cause you to criticize and judge others and that leads to problems in other areas of your life.
The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and it's the unachievable American dream that's damaging our emotional and mental health.We strive for perfection with our body，in our performance，and in our relationships.In a society that overstates mistakes，is it any wonder that so many young people attempt the impossible task of being perfect？
We all have flaws，fears，and make mistakes，and that's perfectly OK.It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us grow into a stronger and more adaptable person.We don't have to strive to achieve the impossible.We are designed to be perfectly imperfect.
（1）What might be the most suitable title of the text？
A．Far From Failing
B．Perfectly Imperfect
C．Perfectionism Phenomenon
D．Unachievable American Dream
（2）Which of the following is a perfectionist most likely to agree？
A．Nobody is perfect.
B．Be generous with praise.
C．There is no best，only better.
D．A contented mind is an everlasting feast.
（3）What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4？
A．More and more people are tolerating mistakes.
B．The society is partly to blame for perfectionism.
C．Many young people find it impossible to be perfect.
D．It's unusual for a society to seek perfectionism nowadays.
（4）What does the author think of imperfection？
A．It's part of our life.
B．It's unbearable.
C．It deserves to be overcome.
D．It does harm to our mental health.
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．College is the time when you're expected to focus on your path in life.But it's also the time you're the least equipped to have any long﹣term plan.（1） .
The whole process can be divided into three stages.
The first is "gathering fuel".This means building up your skills，learning from different experiences and developing a network of people who you trust and who trust you.And this is a stage that requires patience and a willingness to identify your own weaknesses and work on them.If you complete this stage with a growing sense of what you love to do and what you are good at， （2） .
The second stage is "burning fuel".This is the time to improve the skills you've obtained through experiences，the people you've met along the way and the recognition of what you should do.（3） .We want to get where we're going in a hurry，but that hardly works.
（4） .Simply speaking，it's about staying strong，while turning an eye towards what lies ahead.It's a surprisingly long journey and most people underestimate it.You can't expect an ideal life to happen by itself.You must recognize that no matter where you are on the path，each step is there to teach you something，feeding you that fuel.
If you're not doing what you want，you need more fuel﹣ so go out and get it. （5） .
A.you are winning
B.that will come true
C.The last part is "saving fuel"
D.The final part is "filling fuel"
E.Here are some tips on how to aim your sights into the future
F.It seems that most of us try to jump straight to the next stage
G.And if you're doing what you want，keep moving and don't settle
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．China（1） （secure） their slot（位置）in this year's women's Tokyo Olympics basketball tournament（锦标）by edging European champions Spain 64﹣62 in a tense qualifier（资格赛） in Serbia on Saturday.
The Group B qualifiers had to （2） （move） from the city of Foshan in China to Belgrade as（3） result of the COVID﹣19（新型冠状病毒）.
China beat Britain 86﹣76 on Thursday and，with the top three in the four﹣team group qualifying for Tokyo，（4） （make）sure of their ticket after holding off a late fightback by the Spaniards.
Champions the United States and hosts Japan have already qualified.South Korea beat Britain 82﹣79 in a（5） （late） match that was a must﹣win for two teams realistically fighting for （6） （three） in the group.
Britain have never before qualified for an Olympic basketball tournament on merit，（7） （appear）only as host nation previously，（8） had arrived in Belgrade hoping for a breakthrough to Tokyo.
Bottom of the group，they left（9） （they）too much to do in the final quarter despite a late surge and will now have to beat Spain on Sunday to have any hope （10） qualifying.
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．Large paintings can （提高；增强）the feeling of space in small room.
9．Having no children of their own，they decided to （收养）an orphan.
10．He pleaded guilty to driving with excess （酒；酒精）.
11．The painful experience has affected both her mental and （身体的） health．
12．The organization publishes a monthly new digest （有规律）.
六．书面表达（共2小题）
13．（2024秋 桥西区校级月考）假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友David在邮 件中透露，他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷，也想尝试一下，为此征求你的意见。请你根据以下提示，给David回一封邮件，劝他不要吸烟。要点如下：
1.吸烟危害大，会影响自身及他人的健康；
2.一旦上瘾，很难戒除；
3.提倡健康、积极的生活方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
14．（2024秋 南昌县校级月考）阅读下列短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语进行续写，使之构成一个完整的短文。续写的词数应为150词左右。
Deep in the forest，my husband and I had climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us.It was May，yet we walked up a snow﹣covered hill.When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees，it did not dampen our spirits.Not once did we say， "let's turn around." This was our vacation，and we were on an adventure.Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.
The trail was marked as an easy one﹣kilometer hike，yet we were already walking a long distance.Our lightheartedness stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it.As my eyes scanned the surroundings，nothing looked familiar.My heart raced.I realized we were lost in a notional park that did not officially open for another week.
Usually，I am the calm one in the relationship，but my husband surprised me with his calmness.This did not comfort me；In fact，it heightened my fear.As we walked，I asked my husband to call for help，but there was no cell﹣phone signal in this isolated （偏僻的） area.
It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road，and my heavy breathing.My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower.With each step on the road，my feet and thighs hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.
My vision sharpened.I noticed everything around me：the trees，rocks and snow.I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water.For the first time in my life，I was ready and willing to get a ride，but we did not meet with a single car on the road.Silently，I prayed multiple times.We focused on each other，made joint decisions and connected through gratitude.We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance._______
Just then，a friendly woman appeared，saying， "Hello." _______
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．According to the World Health Organization（WHO），peoples' health is closely（1） B to their cleaning habits in daily lives.Health experts are（2） C people to wash their hands properly—one of the best ways to protect oneself.
Though some may（3） A this daily cleaning habit，hand washing indeed has a long（4） D .More than 2，500 years ago，Chinese people were required to wash their hands before taking part in ceremonies.Back（5） A ，the habit was a ceremonial ritual（仪式） and had some（6） C rules.
Instead of cleaning one's hands in a basin，people poured the flowing water onto them.That's because in Chinese culture，flowing water is a（7） B of purity that can wash away dirt and evil.
It was not until the 19th century（8） D doctors found that hand washing could reduce the death rate of their patients.The habit was then widely spread among medical staff and later be﹣came（9） A practice among ordinary people.
Apart from washing your hands（10） B ，having a healthy dining habit is also essential.In the West，it is more culturally appropriate to eat your own meals.（11） B ，people in the East are quite different.For them，eating a meal alone is very（12） D during social gatherings.
To show their friendliness，warmth and respect for others，people prefer to eat common dishes.Some even share their utensils（餐具） to show a sense of（13） D .Although this habit seems to be polite，it's（14） C .According to the WHO，foodborne（食物传播的） diseases are quite common，and saliva（唾液） is one of the most common ways for them to spread.
To develop healthier habits，many cities in China，including Beijing，Shanghai and Guangzhou have already（15） A proposals for people to order separate meals and advocate the use of communal（公共的） chopsticks.
（1） A．addicted B．related C．reflected D．meant
（2） A．warning B．talking C．reminding D．helping
（3） A．ignore B．consider C．develop D．create
（4） A．story B．culture C．circle D．history
（5） A．then B．before C．up D．out
（6） A．formal B．sharp C．strict D．wide
（7） A．comment B．symbol C．belief D．point
（8） A．when B．what C．which D．that
（9） A．common B．same C．important D．correct
（10） A．quickly B．frequently C．gradually D．completely
（11） A．Therefore B．However C．Furthermore D．Besides
（12） A．polite B．different C．considerate D．rude
（13） A．responsibility B．awareness C．kindness D．closeness
（14） A．dirty B．healthy C．risky D．necessary
（15） A．launched B．finished C．give D．take
【答案】（1）﹣（5）BCADA （6）﹣（10）CBDAB （11）﹣（15）BDDCA
【分析】本文是一篇科普知识文章，主要讲述了了养成更健康的习惯，包括北京、上海和广州在内的中国许多城市已经提出了人们分餐点餐和提倡使用公用筷子的倡议。
【解答】（1）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.addicted上瘾；B.related与…有关；C.reflected反映；D.meant意味着。根据下句Health experts are people to wash their hands properly—one of the best ways to protect oneself.可知健康专家提醒人们正确洗手——这是保护自己的最佳方法之一。说明人们的健康与洗手有关系。故答案为B。
（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.warning警告；B.talking聊天；C.reminding提醒；D.helping帮助。句意：健康专家提醒人们正确洗手——这是保护自己的最佳方法之一。故答案为C。
（3）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.ignore忽略；B.consider考虑；C.develop发展；D.create创造。根据下句More than 2，500 years ago，Chinese people were required to wash their hands before taking part in ceremonies可知2500多年前，中国人参加仪式前必须洗手。说明我们现在已经忽略了洗手这种方式。故答案为A。
（4）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.story故事；B.culture文化；C.circle圆圈；D.history历史。根据上句More than 2，500 years ago，Chinese people were required to wash their hands before taking part in ceremonies可知2500多年前，中国人参加仪式前必须洗手。说明洗手已经有非常悠久的历史了。故答案为D。
（5）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.then然后；B.before之前；C.up向上；D.out在…外面。那个时候，这个习惯是一种仪式，有一些严格的规定。故答案为A。
（6）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的；B.sharp锋利的；C.strict严格的；D.wide宽广的。根据下句Instead of cleaning one's hands in a basin，people poured the flowing water onto them可知人们没有在盆里洗手，而是将流动的水倒在手上。说明洗手是非常严格的。故答案为C。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.comment评论；B.symbol标志；C.belief信念；D.point意义。根据空后of purity that can wash away dirt and evil.可知因为在中国文化中，流水是纯洁的象征，可以洗去污秽和邪恶。故答案为B。
（8）D.考查连词及语境理解。A.when何时；B.what什么；C.which哪个；D.that连词，只有在定语从句中有含义。句意：直到 19 世纪，医生才发现洗手可以降低患者的死亡率。这是一个强调句型。故答案为D。
（9）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.common普通的；B.same相同的；C.important重要的；D.correct正确的。根据上句The habit was then widely spread among medical staff可知这种习惯随后在医务人员中广泛传播，说明后来成为普通民众的普遍做法。故答案为A。
（10）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.quickly快速地；B.frequently频繁地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.completely完全地。根据上句The habit was then widely spread among medical staff and later be﹣came practice among ordinary people.可知这种习惯随后在医务人员中广泛传播，后来成为普通民众的普遍做法。说明人们频繁地洗手。故答案为B。
（11）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Furthermore此外；D.Besides除了。根据下句people in the East are quite different可知东方的人很不一样。和上句In the West，it is more culturally appropriate to eat your own meals（在西方，自己吃饭在文化上更合适）是转折关系。故答案为B。
（12）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.polite礼貌的；B.different不同的；C.considerate考虑周到的；D.rude粗鲁的。根据上句people in the East are quite different可知东方的人很不一样。说明在聚会时一起吃饭是粗鲁的。故答案为D。
（13）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.responsibility责任；B.awareness意识；C.kindness好心；D.closeness亲密度。根据上句Some even share their utensils（餐具） to show a sense of 可知有些人甚至分享他们的餐具以示亲近感。故答案为D。
（14）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dirty脏的；B.healthy健康的；C.risky冒险的；D.necessary必须的。根据下句According to the WHO，foodborne（食物传播的） diseases are quite common，and saliva（唾液） is one of the most common ways for them to spread.可知据世界卫生组织称，食源性疾病相当普遍，而唾液是它们最常见的传播方式之一。说明一起吃饭是有危险的。故答案为C。
（15）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.launched开始；B.finished完成；C.give给予；D.take带走。根据空后proposals for people to order separate meals and advocate the use of communal（公共的） chopsticks.可知为了养成更健康的习惯，包括北京、上海和广州在内的中国许多城市已经提出了人们分餐点餐和提倡使用公用筷子的倡议。故答案为A。
【点评】完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．Smokers may ignore the health warnings by telling themselves their habit makes them look cool.After all，sex symbols James Dean and Humphrey Bogart were rarely seen without a cigarette.However，the latest evidence shows that smoking actually makes you less attractive to the opposite sex.Wrinkles from smoking a cigarette may be to blame for people judging non﹣smokers to be better﹣looking.
This was the result of a study asking more than 500 people to pick the most attractive of twins where one smoked and the other did not.Men found female non﹣smokers the most attractive in two﹣thirds of cases，while women chose non﹣smoking men as the most attractive 68 percent of the time.
Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak，a co﹣author of the study from Bristol University，said，"People assume that smoking causes damage to the skin and appearance，but this is a really neat way of looking at it because these twins are genetically identical，so we can control for genetic factors involved in ageing.Appearance seems to be important to people，especially young people，so we could use these sorts of findings as a basis for future interventions to stop people smoking."
Smoking can speed up the normal ageing，even after only a decade.Nicotine causes narrowing of the blood vessels in the outermost layers of the skin，while the chemicals in tobacco smoke damage collagen and elastin，fibres which give the skin its elasticity（弹性）.
The wrinkles this causes are added to by facial expressions made when smoking such as pursing the lips when inhaling （吸气） or squinting to keep smoke out of your eyes.
（1）Why does the author mention James Dean and Humphrey Bogart？ C
A．To persuade smokers to give up smoking.
B．To compare them with non﹣smokers.
C．To tell us many people are influenced by them.
D．To show understanding and comfort smokers.
（2）What is Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak's altitude to smoking？ A
A．Disapproving.
B．Favorable.
C．Unconcerned.
D．Cautious.
（3）What can be inferred from the text？ B
A．Smokers look cooler than non﹣smokers.
B．Smoking may speed up skin's ageing.
C．Smokers look younger than non﹣smokers.
D．Smoking should be banned right away.
【答案】CAB
【分析】本文是一篇说明文阅读，文章主要介绍了吸烟者可能会无视健康警告，告诉自己他们的习惯让他们看起来很酷。毕竟，詹姆斯 迪恩（James Dean）和亨弗莱 鲍嘉（Humphrey Bogart）的性感象征都少不了香烟。然而，最新的证据表明，吸烟实际上会降低你对异性的吸引力。吸烟引起的皱纹可能是人们对不吸烟的人做出更好的评价的原因。
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题。根据第一段"After all，sex symbols James Dean and Humphrey Bogart were rarely seen without a cigarette.However，the latest evidence shows that smoking actually makes you less attractive to the opposite sex.毕竟，性感偶像詹姆斯 迪恩（James Dean）和亨弗莱 鲍嘉（Humphrey Bogart）很少不抽烟。然而，最新的证据表明，吸烟实际上会降低你对异性的吸引力。"可知作者提到詹姆斯 迪恩和亨弗莱 鲍嘉是为了告诉我们很多人都受到他们的影响。故选C。
（2）A．情感态度题。根据第三段"Appearance seems to be important to people，especially young people，so we could use these sorts of findings as a basis for future interventions to stop people smoking.外表对人们来说似乎很重要，尤其是年轻人，所以我们可以把这类发现作为未来干预措施的基础，以阻止人们吸烟。"可知Professor Ian Penton﹣Voak对抽烟的态度是不赞成的。故选A。
（3）B．推理判断题。根据最后一段"The wrinkles this causes are added to by facial expressions made when smoking such as pursing the lips when inhaling （吸气） or squinting to keep smoke out of your eyes.吸烟时的面部表情会增加皱纹，比如吸气时撅起嘴唇或眯起眼睛防止烟进入眼睛。"可知吸烟可能加速皮肤老化。故选B。
【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
3．I had an eating disorder when I was about 14.I went from being 5'4″（5 feet 4 inches） and 130 pounds to 5'6″ and 94 pounds.I wanted to gain weight，so I ate anything I wanted and ended up at 5'8″ and 160 pounds.Then I had another eating disorder and went from 160 to 130 pounds at 5'9″.I started eating a lot again and ended up at 205 pounds.I was really close to obesity and was concerned about my health.
So I decided to take action，I cut off many carbs（含碳水化合物的食物）.I ceased drinking sugary soft drinks which can make people gain weight quickly.I started eating more vegetables in my diet.My mom weighed 130 pounds two years ago.In order to lose weight，she gave up fast food and ate vegetables instead.She is now around 107 pounds.She succeeds in losing weight through eating more vegetables and less fast food.And that was why I started eating more vegetables.I also learned to eat less.Within 3 to 5 months I lost 55 pounds.I am still losing weight now but at a slower rate than that when I started changing my diet.I'm confident that my weight will drop to a normal level.
Do you also want to lose weight？If you do，here is some advice for you.If you like eating sweet sugary things，then I would suggest you eat more fruits but with an empty stomach.If you dislike running like me then I would recommend walking if you want to exercise.Here are some more tips.Do not eat too much at one time.Eat slowly and wait till your brain tells you that you're full.Look at nutrition facts on food items before you eat them and throw them away if they're unhealthy.Eat more vegetables and fruits.Spend more time on exercise.
（1）According to Paragraph 1，how many pounds did the writer put on after the second eating disorder？ C
A．About 45 pounds.
B．66 pounds.
C．75 pounds.
D．About 110 pounds.
（2）The underlined word "ceased" in Paragraph 2 means " C ".
A．considered.
B．kept.
C．stopped.
D．tried.
（3）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？ D
A．How much weight the writer lost.
B．How the writer's mother lost weight.
C．Why the writer wanted to lose weight.
D．How the writer managed to lose weight.
（4）The writer started eating more vegetables because D .
A．other ways were not helpful
B．vegetables were delicious
C．his/her mother asked him/her to do so
D．he/she thought it helpful to lose weigh
【答案】CCDD
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者向我们介绍了自己是如何减肥的，并提出了一些建议。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Then I had another eating disorder and went from 160 to 130 pounds"然后我又吃了一顿饭，体重从160磅增加到130磅。以及﹣I started eating a lot again and ended up a 205 pounds"我又开始大吃大喝，结果胖了205磅。可知，作者从130磅增到205磅，故体重增加了75磅。故选C。
（2）C.词义猜测题。由上文中的"I decided to take action"我决定采取行动与下文中的"...I lost 55 pounds.I am still losing weight now"我瘦了55磅。我现在正在减肥。可知，作者想减肥，而含糖软伙料会让人增肥。因此画线词在这里应该是"停止"喝这些饮料。A.considered考虑；B.kept保持；C.stopped停止；D.tried试图。故选C。
（3）D.段落大意题。由本段句子"I decided to take action.I cutoff many carbs.I ceased..."决定采取行动。我吃了很多碳水化合物。我停止了。和"I'm confident that my weight will drop to a normal level"我确信我的体重会降到正常水平。可知，第二段主要是讲作者是如何减肥的，故选D。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据第二段的"She succeeds in losing weight through eating more vegetables and less fast food.And that was why I started eating more vegetables"她通过多吃蔬菜少吃快餐成功地减肥了，这就是我开始多吃蔬菜的原因。可推断作者多吃蔬菜是因为作者认为吃蔬菜可以帮助减肥。故选D。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4．Fifty﹣five years ago，I got into my fathers lime﹣green 1960 Rambler American﹣﹣a car to take my driver's exam in Lindenhurst.I crossed my fingers to pray that the start button would work.It did，and my father and I got to the test site on time.The streets seemed quite narrow to me.Although nervous，I was determined to do my best.Parallel﹣parking was my flaw，and I hoped that my tires would not hit the curb（路边线）.
When I was practicing for the test，my father，far from being the best teacher，was rather unpleased with my parallel﹣parking.His fearful cries could be heard along the streets of Woodward Parkway in South Farmingdale，my hometown，or in the large empty parking lots where I first put my foot to the gas pedal.I felt embarrassed when he said， "Step on the gas!Check your rear﹣view mirror!Step on the brake!" I was convinced that no one could do all those things at the same time.I had seen the driver's education films showing bodies were cut off in accidents and came away fairly frighteningly.
During my test，I drove cautiously，probably a little too slow，without the benefit of power steering or electronic helpmates.I kept my hands at 10 and 2 on the steering wheel（ 方向盘），checked my mirrors，stopped at stop signs and signaled for turns.I was satisfied with my performance up to that point，but then it was time to parallel﹣park.
Fortunately，the parking area had no curb，just something like a mound of dirt at the edge.I pulled up next to a car，checked my rear﹣view mirror and began to back inward.Somehow，I nailed it on my first try，lining up right behind the car in front of me.Minutes later，the tester announced I had passed.I knew that my life had changed.I had earned freedom of movement and felt a sense of maturity.
（1）Which can best replace the underlined word "flaw" in paragraph 1？ D
A．Favourite
B．Habit
C．Advantage
D．Weakness
（2）What can be learned from paragraph 2？ C
A．A terrible accident happened during the practice.
B．A quarrel between the author and his father broke out.
C．The author was doubtful about his father's direction.
D．The author was touched by his father's consideration.
（3）Where did the author park his car during his test at last？ A
A．Behind a car in line
B．On a mound of dirt
C．Over a curb.
D．In the street of Woodward Parkway.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing the text？ B
A．To show off his achievement with good luck.
B．To share his experience of taking his driving test.
C．To thank his beloved father for his help.
D．To accept the constant changes in his life.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一次参加驾驶考试的经历，平行停车是作者的弱项，但是作者竟然一次成功了，顺利通过了考试。
【解答】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据本句"Parallel﹣parking was my flaw，and I hoped that my tires would not hit the curb（路边线）.（平行停车是我的flaw，我希望我的轮胎不会撞到路边线。）"可知，希望轮胎不要撞到路边线，应是平行停车是"弱项"结合选项，A.Favourite最喜欢的人或物；B.Habit习惯；C.Advantage优势；D.Weakness弱点。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据本段倒数第二句"I was convinced that no one could do all those things at the same time.（我确信没有人能同时做所有这些事情。）"可知，作者对她父亲的指导表示怀疑，故选C。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第四段第三句"Somehow，I nailed it on my first try，lining up right behind the car in front of me.（不知怎么地，我第一次尝试就成功了，正好笔直地排在了我前面的车后面。）"可知，作者最终把车停在了一条线上的汽车后面，故选A。
（4）B.写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是作者一次驾驶考试的经历，作者写这篇文章的目的，应是分享他参加驾驶考试的经历，故选B。
【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
5．It's not easy feeling like you're always under the spotlight being judged for each little mistake you make.Your mind is in an endless circle playing what you said and did over and over again.You wish you had a time capsule to go back and make things right if you find mistakes.You fear what others will think about you and that they will reject and dislike you.You seek to be socially perfect.
Academically，you work long endless hours just to make those excellent marks.Although most would say "it's good to have high standards"，they have no idea about the internal hell you put yourself through to achieve perfection.If you come up less than your desired goal you feel as though you have failed，but you're far from failing，you just don't see it that way.So instead you are telling yourself that you're stupid，and not smart.The pressure you place on yourself weighs you down and you wear the "not good enough" label each and every day.
You not only have high standards for yourself but you also have them for others.If people don't perform up to your expectations，then you think they are incompetent.This causes a lot of frustration because you can't trust anyone to get things right.So instead of being a team player you fly solo（单飞）and try to do two or three jobs at once.Your unrealistic expectations cause you to criticize and judge others and that leads to problems in other areas of your life.
The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and it's the unachievable American dream that's damaging our emotional and mental health.We strive for perfection with our body，in our performance，and in our relationships.In a society that overstates mistakes，is it any wonder that so many young people attempt the impossible task of being perfect？
We all have flaws，fears，and make mistakes，and that's perfectly OK.It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us grow into a stronger and more adaptable person.We don't have to strive to achieve the impossible.We are designed to be perfectly imperfect.
（1）What might be the most suitable title of the text？ B
A．Far From Failing
B．Perfectly Imperfect
C．Perfectionism Phenomenon
D．Unachievable American Dream
（2）Which of the following is a perfectionist most likely to agree？ C
A．Nobody is perfect.
B．Be generous with praise.
C．There is no best，only better.
D．A contented mind is an everlasting feast.
（3）What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4？ B
A．More and more people are tolerating mistakes.
B．The society is partly to blame for perfectionism.
C．Many young people find it impossible to be perfect.
D．It's unusual for a society to seek perfectionism nowadays.
（4）What does the author think of imperfection？ A
A．It's part of our life.
B．It's unbearable.
C．It deserves to be overcome.
D．It does harm to our mental health.
【答案】BCBA
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过对"完美主义者"的心态和做法的描述，向我们指出，完美是不可能实现的。正是我们的"不完美"使得我们的生活变得有趣，帮助我们成长。
【解答】（1）B.标题归纳题。文章通篇讨论完美主义者的心态和做法，并在最后一段得出结论"It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us…We are designed to be perfectly imperfect."由此可知，正是我们的"不完美"使得我们的生活变得有趣，帮助我们成为更强大且适应性更强的人，有些事情根本就是不可能实现的，不完美反而造就更好的我们，故选B项。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的"you wear the 'not good enough' label each and every day你每天都戴着"不够好"的标签。"可知，完美主义者总认为自己不够好。C项"没有最好，只有更好"，符合完美主义者的心态。故选C项。
（3）B.句意理解题。根据第四段中的"The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and…in our relationships.在我们的关系中，追求完美被称为完美主义。"可知，美国梦就是追求完美，这个无法实现的梦想正在破坏着我们的情感和心理健康。美国梦代表的是美国社会，而这个夸大错误、追求完美的社会对年轻人追求完美的行为产生了一定影响，所以这个社会应为完美主义负部分责任，故选B项。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"We all have flaws，fears，and make mistakes，and that's perfectly OK.It's our imperfections that make life interesting and they help us grow into a stronger and more adaptable person.We don't have to strive to achieve the impossible.We are designed to be perfectly imperfect."可知，我们都有缺点、恐惧，都会犯错误，正是这些不完美使得我们的生活变得有趣，帮助我们成为更强大且适应性更强的人，所以它是我们生活的一部分，故选A项。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．College is the time when you're expected to focus on your path in life.But it's also the time you're the least equipped to have any long﹣term plan.（1） E .
The whole process can be divided into three stages.
The first is "gathering fuel".This means building up your skills，learning from different experiences and developing a network of people who you trust and who trust you.And this is a stage that requires patience and a willingness to identify your own weaknesses and work on them.If you complete this stage with a growing sense of what you love to do and what you are good at， （2） A .
The second stage is "burning fuel".This is the time to improve the skills you've obtained through experiences，the people you've met along the way and the recognition of what you should do.（3） F .We want to get where we're going in a hurry，but that hardly works.
（4） D .Simply speaking，it's about staying strong，while turning an eye towards what lies ahead.It's a surprisingly long journey and most people underestimate it.You can't expect an ideal life to happen by itself.You must recognize that no matter where you are on the path，each step is there to teach you something，feeding you that fuel.
If you're not doing what you want，you need more fuel﹣ so go out and get it. （5） G .
A.you are winning
B.that will come true
C.The last part is "saving fuel"
D.The final part is "filling fuel"
E.Here are some tips on how to aim your sights into the future
F.It seems that most of us try to jump straight to the next stage
G.And if you're doing what you want，keep moving and don't settle
【答案】EAFDG
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。大学是人们期望你专注于人生道路的时候，但也是你最没有能力制定长期计划的时候。本文介绍一些关于如何瞄准未来的建议。
【解答】（1）E.推理判断题。根据前句College is the time when you're expected to focus on your path in life.But it's also the time you're the least equipped to have any long﹣term plan表示"大学是人们期望你专注于人生道路的时候，但也是你最没有能力制定长期计划的时候"，以及后文给出的建议，可知表示"这里有一些关于如何瞄准未来的建议"的选项E可以起到承上启下的作用，故选E。
（2）A.推理关系题。根据前半句If you complete this stage with a growing sense of what you love to do and what you are good at表示"如果在完成这一阶段时，你对自己喜欢做的和擅长的事情的感觉越来越强烈"，可知表示"你赢了"的选项A符合前后的因果关系，故选A。
（3）F.细节理解题。根据后句We want to get where we're going in a hurry，but that hardly works.
表示"我们想尽快到达我们要去的地方，但这很难奏效"，可知表示"似乎我们大多数人都试图直接跳到下一个阶段"的选项F符合前后的语境，get where we're going in a hurry和jump straight to the next stage是关联词，故选F。
（4）D.主旨判断题。根据前两段的The first...The second stage可知本段是第三个阶段；以及后句Simply speaking，it's about staying strong，while turning an eye towards what lies ahead...You must recognize that no matter where you are on the path，each step is there to teach you something，feeding you that fuel表示"简单地说，就是要保持坚强，同时关注未来......你必须认识到，无论你在道路上走到哪里，每一步都会教你一些东西，为你提供燃料"，可知表示"最后一部分是：加注燃油"的选项D符合本段的主题，故选D。
（5）G.推理判断题。根据前句If you're not doing what you want，you need more fuel﹣ so go out and get it表示"如果你没有做你想做的事，你需要更多的燃料﹣﹣﹣﹣所以出去买吧"，可知表示"如果你在做你想做的事，继续前进，不要停下来"的选项G符合前后的并列关系，故选G。
【点评】做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．China（1） secured （secure） their slot（位置）in this year's women's Tokyo Olympics basketball tournament（锦标）by edging European champions Spain 64﹣62 in a tense qualifier（资格赛） in Serbia on Saturday.
The Group B qualifiers had to （2） be moved （move） from the city of Foshan in China to Belgrade as（3） a result of the COVID﹣19（新型冠状病毒）.
China beat Britain 86﹣76 on Thursday and，with the top three in the four﹣team group qualifying for Tokyo，（4） made （make）sure of their ticket after holding off a late fightback by the Spaniards.
Champions the United States and hosts Japan have already qualified.South Korea beat Britain 82﹣79 in a（5） later （late） match that was a must﹣win for two teams realistically fighting for （6） third （three） in the group.
Britain have never before qualified for an Olympic basketball tournament on merit，（7） appearing （appear）only as host nation previously，（8） but had arrived in Belgrade hoping for a breakthrough to Tokyo.
Bottom of the group，they left（9） themselves （they）too much to do in the final quarter despite a late surge and will now have to beat Spain on Sunday to have any hope （10） of qualifying.
【答案】（1）secured（2）be moved（3）a（4）made（5）later（6）third（7）appearing（8）but（9）themselves（10）of
【分析】本文讲述获得了参加今年东京奥运会女子篮球比赛资格的几个球队的比赛情况。
【解答】（1）secured.考查时态。句意：周六，在塞尔维亚进行的一场紧张的预选赛中，中国队以64﹣62险胜欧洲冠军西班牙队，获得了参加今年东京奥运会女子篮球比赛的资格。描述已发生的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填secured。
（2）be moved.考查语态。句意：由于新型冠状病毒感染症（COVID﹣19病毒），B组资格赛不得不从中国佛山转移到贝尔格莱德。move和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，前面有had to，故填be moved。
（3）a.考查冠词。句意：由于新型冠状病毒感染症（COVID﹣19病毒），B组资格赛不得不从中国佛山转移到贝尔格莱德。as a result of由于……的结果，故填a。
（4）made.考查时态。句意：周四，中国队以86比76击败了英国队，凭借前四名的成绩晋级东京奥运会，在最后时刻顶住了西班牙队的反击，确保了自己的入场券。和beat并列作谓语，由and连接，所以用一般过去时态，故填made。
（5）later.考查形容词比较级。句意：冠军美国队和东道主日本队已经晋级。在随后的一场比赛中，韩国队以82﹣79击败英国队，这场比赛是两队必胜的一场，两队实际上是争夺小组第三名。表示"稍后的"，所以用形容词比较级作定语，故填later。
（6）third.考查序数词。句意：冠军美国队和东道主日本队已经晋级。在随后的一场比赛中，韩国队以82﹣79击败英国队，这场比赛是两队必胜的一场，两队实际上是争夺小组第三名。表示"第三名"，所以用序数词，故填third。
（7）appearing.考查现在分词。句意：此前，英国从未凭实力获得奥运会篮球比赛的参赛资格，以前只是以主办国的身份参赛，但这次来到贝尔格莱德，希望能在东京取得突破。appear和主语之间是主动关系，所以用字符串作状语，故填appearing。
（8）but.考查连词。句意：此前，英国从未凭实力获得奥运会篮球比赛的参赛资格，以前只是以主办国的身份参赛，但这次来到贝尔格莱德，希望能在东京取得突破。前后是转折关系，所以用but连接，故填but。
（9）themselves.考查反身代词。句意：在小组中垫底的他们在最后四分之一的比赛中有太多的事情要做，尽管他们在最后阶段的表现有所提升，现在他们必须在周日击败西班牙才能有晋级的希望。指主语they本身，所以用反身代词，故填themselves。
（10）of.考查介词。句意：在小组中垫底的他们在最后四分之一的比赛中有太多的事情要做，尽管他们在最后阶段的表现有所提升，现在他们必须在周日击败西班牙才能有晋级的希望。have hope of有……的希望，故填of。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．Large paintings can enhance （提高；增强）the feeling of space in small room.
【答案】enhance
【分析】大的画可以增强小房间的空间感。
【解答】答案：enhance.根据汉语提示"提高；增强"和空前的情态动词can可知，此处应填入动词原形，"提高；增强"英语是enhance，故填enhance。
【点评】解这类题目，首先要准确地理解句子，翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词或短语的词性，结合一定的语法知识，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更畅通。
9．Having no children of their own，they decided to adopt （收养）an orphan.
【答案】adopt
【分析】他们没有自己的孩子，所以决定收养一个孤儿。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"收养"可译为adopt，不定式符号to后接动词原形。
故填：adopt。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
10．He pleaded guilty to driving with excess alcohol （酒；酒精）.
【答案】alcohol
【分析】他对过量饮酒后驾车一事表示服罪。
【解答】答案：alcohol.根据所给的汉语提示"酒；酒精"和空前的形容词excess可知，此处应用名词形式，"酒；酒精"的英语是alcohol，故填alcohol。
【点评】翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化。
11．The painful experience has affected both her mental and physical （身体的） health．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】痛苦的经历影响了她的身心健康．
【解答】答案：physical
考查形容词．根据所给的汉语提示"身体的"和空后的名词health可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，"身体的"的英语是physical，故填physical．
【点评】形容词是中学英语的重要语法，解题时首先要根据语境和逻辑来推断出空所需要的词性，或者是根据句子结构的需要来推断词性，然后根据句意和所给的汉语提示写出正确答案．
12．The organization publishes a monthly new digest regularly （有规律）.
【答案】regularly
【分析】该组织定期出版每月新摘要。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"有规律"可译为regularly，副词regularly修饰动词publishes。
故填：regularly。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
六．书面表达（共2小题）
13．（2024秋 桥西区校级月考）假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友David在邮 件中透露，他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷，也想尝试一下，为此征求你的意见。请你根据以下提示，给David回一封邮件，劝他不要吸烟。要点如下：
1.吸烟危害大，会影响自身及他人的健康；
2.一旦上瘾，很难戒除；
3.提倡健康、积极的生活方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. As far as I can see，smoking is a bad habit.
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body.It can do terrible damage to your heart，and even cause cancer.Additionally，cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members.What's worse，you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
I suggest you live a healthy and active life.You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David，
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool．As far as I can see，smoking is a bad habit.
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body.It can do terrible damage to your heart，and even cause cancer.Additionally，cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members.What's worse，you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
I suggest you live a healthy and active life.You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【分析】高分句型一：It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body.
翻译：人们普遍认为吸烟对身体有害。
分析：本句使用了that引导的主语从句。
高分句型二：What's worse，you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
翻译：更糟糕的是，一旦你对吸烟上瘾，你就会发现很难戒烟。
分析：本句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式to give up。
【解答】Dear David，
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool．As far as I can see，smoking is a bad habit.（点明主题）
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body.【高分句型一】It can do terrible damage to your heart，and even cause cancer.Additionally，cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members.What's worse，you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.【高分句型二】（吸烟的危害）
I suggest you live a healthy and active life.You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.（提倡健康、积极的生活方式）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
14．（2024秋 南昌县校级月考）阅读下列短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语进行续写，使之构成一个完整的短文。续写的词数应为150词左右。
Deep in the forest，my husband and I had climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us.It was May，yet we walked up a snow﹣covered hill.When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees，it did not dampen our spirits.Not once did we say， "let's turn around." This was our vacation，and we were on an adventure.Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.
The trail was marked as an easy one﹣kilometer hike，yet we were already walking a long distance.Our lightheartedness stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it.As my eyes scanned the surroundings，nothing looked familiar.My heart raced.I realized we were lost in a notional park that did not officially open for another week.
Usually，I am the calm one in the relationship，but my husband surprised me with his calmness.This did not comfort me；In fact，it heightened my fear.As we walked，I asked my husband to call for help，but there was no cell﹣phone signal in this isolated （偏僻的） area.
It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road，and my heavy breathing.My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower.With each step on the road，my feet and thighs hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.
My vision sharpened.I noticed everything around me：the trees，rocks and snow.I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water.For the first time in my life，I was ready and willing to get a ride，but we did not meet with a single car on the road.Silently，I prayed multiple times.We focused on each other，made joint decisions and connected through gratitude.We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance._______
Just then，a friendly woman appeared，saying， "Hello." _______
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，作者和丈夫正深入森林深处探险，这时，他们注意到租的车看不见了，意识到在森林里迷路之后，作者变得非常紧张，但他们只能保持镇定，继续行走在主干道上，希望遇到过路的车辆或行人以便求助。
高分句型一：
We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains were gone.
译文：我们快速地爬上山，好像所有的痛苦都消失了似的。
分析：as if引导方式状语从句。
高分句型二：
After studying the map，we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away.
译文：研究地图后，我们发现我们的车停在3公里外。
分析：that引导一个宾语从句。
【解答】Paragraph 1：
My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance.In no time did we find ourselves heading for it.We were filled with hope and excitement to find such a building in the middle of nowhere.We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains were gone. 【高分句型一】As we approached，a sign came into sight，which read：Administration Office.However，it was not open for business.The empty hall made us nervous all at once.We stood there hopelessly wondering what to do next.（我们在迷茫中发现了远方的一栋楼，兴奋地走近之后发现行政办公室不对外服务）
Paragraph 2：
Just then，a friendly woman appeared，saying， "Hello." I could barely hold back my enthusiasm and blurted out， "We're lost!" She comforted us and opened a room for us to take a break.Seeing we were cold and hungry，she treated us with hot chocolate.After studying the map，we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away.【高分句型二】She offered us a ride back to our car and we accepted gladly.I felt relieved to see our rental car again.What a blessing to have such an unforgettable experience!（一位妇女为我们提供了休息的场所和吃的食物，她为我们雇了一辆车把我们送到了我们的汽车旁，倍感欣慰）
【点评】解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）关键用词，标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)