Unit 3 Environmental Protection(单元培优.含答案与解析）-2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第三册

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Environmental Protection
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．When policeman Knox was sent to the home of a choking child，he had no idea that it would change his life.And he （1）　 　 thought that it would lead to having a child in his life.
Knox （2）　 　 at Ma'Yavi Parham's house as fast as he could.Cereal was deeply stuck in the two﹣month﹣old baby's （3）　 　 .When he entered Parham's home，he found that their daughter was "turning blue and becoming （4）　 　 ".
Knox's quick thinking saved Ma'Yavi's life.In a post，Knox （5）　 　 one of the most important nights of his life："I did CPR and was able to take the cereal out of her throat and she began （6）　 　 again."
The moments following Ma'Yavi's resuscitation（复活）gave surprising meaning to Knox's（7）　 　 as a police officer."Out of my 25 years being a policeman，this is my greatest （8）　 　 ."At the end of his post，Knox （9）　 　 ，"Little Miss Parham will forever be a part of my life..." And he was （10）　 　 .
Just days after Knox （11）　 　 their little girl，Ma'Yavi's parents asked him to be her godfather.
Knox's reaction to the （12）　 　 will bring tears to your eyes："I was （13）　 　 because I had officially （14）　 　 her godfather.Ma'Yavi Parham，I promise I will love you（15）　 　 all my heart."
（1） A．certainly B．probably C．always D．never
（2） A．lived B．arrived C．pointed D．flew
（3） A．head B．leg C．throat D．teeth
（4） A．busier B．lighter C．weaker D．stronger
（5） A．waited B．explained C．discussed D．described
（6） A．breathing B．laughing C．playing D．sleeping
（7） A．hobby B．career C．interest D．desire
（8） A．accomplishment B．plan C．wealth D．advantage
（9） A．discovered B．wrote C．remembered D．believed
（10） A．independent B．positive C．right D．popular
（11） A．taught B．controlled C．discovered D．saved
（12） A．request B．praise C．service D．agreement
（13） A．excited B．puzzled C．unhappy D．angry
（14） A．known B．become C．moved D．visited
（15） A．against B．on C．with D．in
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．Whether you feel like taking a road trip，or you just need some fun，you'll enjoy this list of popular tourist attractions.
Alabama：Alabama Gulf Coast Beaches
If Alabama wasn't the location for your next summer beach vacation，you may want to reconsider.There are 32 miles of white sand that has washed down from the Appalachian Mountains for thousands of years.That's probably why over six million people visit Alabama's Gulf Coast beaches every year.It's just ten dollars per person.
Alaska：Kenai Fjords Wildlife Cruise
Alaska is the best place to go for spotting breathtaking （惊险的） wildlife.In fact，the number of visitors who travel to Alaska to see wildlife has increased by 45 percent.The Kenai Fjords Wildlife Cruise will bring you close to whales，sea lions，and sea birds.A five﹣hour trip that starts at noon and covers 55 miles of sea will be the best you ever taken.
Arkansas：Hot Springs National Park
Skip the beach and choose a new type of relaxation at Hot Springs National Park.It's America's oldest and smallest national park.There's a no﹣booking policy，perfect for free travelers.Doors open at 8 a.m.，so get there early!
Connecticut：Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History
Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History is a must stop if you're traveling nearby Yale University.It attracts plenty of people and has many collections including New England birds，dinosaurs，Greek and Roman antiquities，and even an Egyptian mummy.Adults pay ＄13 for entry，but if you want to visit for free，go on at Thursday.
Don't miss the four best tourist attractions.
（1）Why do many people go to Alabama's Gulf Coast beaches？ 　 　
A．It has a good and convenient location.
B．It has a history of thousands of years.
C．It has tens of miles of white sand.
D．The Appalachian Mountains are beautiful.
（2）When should you get to Kenai Fjords Wildlife Cruise if you want to visit it？ 　 　
A．Five hours before it opens.
B．Five hours after it opens.
C．Before eight o'clock in the morning.
D．Before twelve o'clock in the morning.
（3）What should or will you do if you visit Hot Springs National Park？ 　 　
A．Get up early.
B．Roll the grass.
C．Book in advance.
D．Walk on the beach.
3．（2024秋 小店区校级模拟）Blue Planet II's latest episode focuses on how plastic is having a disastrous effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures．Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth，the Mariana Trench，have plastic in their stomachs．Indeed，the oceans are drowning in plastic．
Though it seems now that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics，consumer plastics are a remarkably recent invention．The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s；the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining in popularity in the United States．This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change．Plastics pollution research，for instance，is still a very early science．
We put all these plastics into the environment and we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be．What we do know，though，is disturbing．Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year．Nearly 700 species，including endangered ones，are known to have been affected by it．One in three leather back turtles，which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish，have been found with plastic in their bellies．Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis．By 2050，that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent．
And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas．Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat．I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster，worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change．But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change．There are no ocean trash deniers （否认者），at least so far．To do something about it，we don't have to remake our planet energy system．
This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is．We know how to pick up garbage．Anyone can do it．We know how to dispose （处理） of it．We know how to recycle．We can all start by thinking twice before we use single﹣﹣﹣﹣use plastic products．Things that may seem ordinary，like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag﹣﹣﹣﹣when taken collectively，these choices really do make a difference．
（1）Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science？ 　 　
A．The plastics pollution research is too difficult．
B．Plastics have produced less pollution than coal．
C．The world couldn't possibly function without plastics．
D．Plastics have gained in popularity too fast for science to catch up．
（2）How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3？ 　 　
A．By statistics．
B．By quotations from leading experts．
C．By using examples from his own experience．
D．By comparison and contrast．
（3）What can we infer about climate change？ 　 　
A．Climate change is caused by human activities．
B．Some people hold some doubts about climate change．
C．Climate change is less important than ocean pollution．
D．Ocean plastic is more complicated than climate change．
（4）What is the main idea of this passage？ 　 　
A．Ocean plastic is a global issue．
B．The oceans become choked with plastic．
C．Blue Planet II has left viewers heartbroken．
D．Plastics gain in popularity all over the world
4．Sport is not only physically challenging，but can also be mentally challenging .Criticism from coaches ，parents and other teammates ，as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes.Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself.The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.Young athletes can，for example，learn how to cooperate with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives.Coaches and parents should be aware，at all times，that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children.Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find flaws in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children.The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons.In today's youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.
Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances.Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome.Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism.Again，criticism can create high levels of stress，which can lead to burnout.
（1）An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is 　 　 .
A．to make sport less competitive
B．to increase their sense of success
C．to reduce their mental stress
D．to make sport more challenging
（2）According to the passage，sport is positive for young people in that 　 　 .
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it enables them to find flaws in themselves
C．it can provide them with valuable experiences
D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
（3）According to the passage，parents and coaches should 　 　 .
A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sport
B．help children to win every game
C．train children to cope with stress
D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sport
（4）The author's purpose in writing the passage is 　 　 .
A．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
B．to persuade children not to worry about criticism
C．to stress the importance of positive support to children
D．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
5．If you spent years of training to be a lawyer and had a great steady income，would you leave it to undertake a harebrained（轻率的）plan that only your mum and girlfriend believed in？That's exactly what Tom Pakenham did.
He had the idea of starting an eco﹣friendly taxi company，and so with five environmentally friendly cars，Green Tomato Cars was born.Now，only a few years later，the company has a group of 60 Toyota Prius Hybrids.
When the company started in 2006，Tom said，"Only my mum，my girlfriend Sophie，now my wife，and Jonny （his business partner） were 100 percent behind the idea of starting London's first cab service."
Tom，who sold his ＄150，000 flat to raise money for the business，received the support of some well﹣known persons，Buckingham Palace officials and BSkyB managers.Even Al Gore is a fan.
Currently carrying 500﹣600 passengers a day，Green Tomato Cars is a shining example that commercial （商业的） success and green issues are compatible.
"All our drivers and employees are employed from the local community.We use local garages，service agents and vehicle sign﹣writers even though that is not always the most competitive choice.The reason is that to bring green products to the fore we believe we must not be worse than conventional（传统的）taxis.The target is to be recognised as No.1 provider of environmental goods and services in London and around the world."
All their hard work has paid off as the Department for Transport has acknowledged Green Tomato Cars' progress by giving them the Fleet Hero Award and last year the company was highlighted at the WTM World Responsible Tourism Day.
Pleased with the publicity，Tom says，"I like to think we are playing our part with the cars switching to electricity.Carbon dioxide reductions of more than 600 tons have been achieved and this low footprint has sparked（触发）a revolution in the taxi world."
（1）What does the underlined word "compatible" probably mean？ 　 　
A．Only a dream.
B．Necessary.
C．Able to exist together.
D．Within easy reach.
（2）What did Tom start the eco﹣friendly company for？ 　 　
A．To earn more money to protect the environment.
B．To encourage more people to protect the environment.
C．To solve unemployment of the local community.
D．To set up No.1 provider of environmental goods and services.
（3）What are the cars in Green Tomato Cars mainly powered by？ 　 　
A．Electricity.
B．Petrol.
C．Gases.
D．Solar energy.
（4）What can be inferred about environmentally friendly cars？ 　 　
A．They can only produce about 600 tons of carbon dioxide.
B．They are as good as the other taxis.
C．They are more expensive to take.
D．They cost less and make greater profits.
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．Almost all industries cause some level of pollution，either directly or indirectly，but some industries are particularly famous for the high levels of pollution which they produce.Because pollution standards and statistics are different around the world，it is difficult to locate the top polluters worldwide.（1）　 　 Many of these industries have been targeted through government and citizen initiatives and asked to clean up their act.
Chemical manufacturing generates a great deal of pollution.Fertilizer companies，the industry for medicine，and companies which manufacture pesticides all pollute a lot around the world.In addition to generating pollution at their factories，indirect pollution will be caused as well. （2）　 　
The manufacturing and processing of metals and paper is also responsible for global pollution.These industries pollute both the air and water in many regions of the world，and they cause environmental problems by logging and mining. （3）　 　 When materials are processed at mines，chemicals are often used and these chemicals often wind up in the environment.
（4）　 　 They include coal fired power plants，airlines，and the automobile industry.Some consumer goods such as leather and sugar are associated with high levels of pollution due to the way in which they are processed and manufactured.The construction and waste management industries produce a number of pollutants as well，ranging from particulates（微粒） at construction sites to water at waste management facilities.
So﹣called"factory farming"has also been fingered as an industry which is known to pollute.Farm animals generate a great deal of methane，especially when they are raised in high volume. （5）　 　 When containment（封隔；抑制）facilities for waste burst or fail，pollutants can be released on a large scale into the surrounding environment.
A.Mining can cause additional pollution issues. B.Industries which rely on fossil fuels also pollute. C.But it is possible to make a list of likely suspects. D.And their waste is also a potential source of pollution. E.There will be so much waste that nearly no one can tolerate. F.Pollution may occur when their products are not managed safely. G.But we still can target many industries regardless of the difficulties.
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响）travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become（1）　 　 （educate）about the areas ﹣ both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics，and often provides money for conservation and benefits the （2）　 　 （develop）of the local areas.
Ecotourism has（3）　 　 （it）origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept（4）　 　 the late 1980s.During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to（5）　 　 growing popularity of environmentally﹣related and adventure travel，various types （6）　 　 trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually，a true eco﹣friendly trip must meet the following principles：
Minimize the impact of（7）　 　 （visit）the place.
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide（8）　 　 （finance）aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park，officially recognized in 1980，is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.（9）　 　 （activity）there range from whale watching to hiking（远足）and accommodations aim （10）　 　 （have） a low impact on the natural environment.
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．Can you take out the　 　 （垃圾） to the dustbin when you go to school this morning？
9．Most kids u 　 　 （经历） a complete transformation when they become teenagers.
10．The 　 　 （改革） should give a better chance to the less able children.
11．The record has already proved a success and may well start a 　 　 （潮流）.
12．The bad news is that the ice has begun to 　 　 （融化） as a result of global warming.
六．书面表达（共2小题）
13．（2024秋 丹东模拟）假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为"我们的地球我们的家"（Our Earth，Our Home）的环保创意活动．请用英语写一封邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Peter参加，内容包括：
1．活动时间和地点；
2．活动内容（照片展，旧物利用，环保海报等）；
3．期待Peter参加．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
Dear Peter，
________
Yours，
Li Hua
14．A cactus （仙人掌） stood all alone in the desert，wondering why it was stuck in the middle of the desert. "I do nothing but stand here all day，" it sighed. "What use do I have？I am the ugliest plant in the desert.My spines （刺） are thick，my leaves are tough，and my skin is uneven.I can't offer shade or juice to the passing travellers.I don't see that I am of any use at all." All it did was stand in the sun day after day，growing taller and fatter.Its spines grew longer and its leaves grew tougher.It truly was strange﹣looking.
"I wish I could do something useful，" it signed.By day，hawks （鹰） circled high overhead，and the cactus called， "What can I do with my life？" Whether they heard or not，the hawks flew away.At night the moon floated into the sky and cast its pale light on the desert floor. "What can I do with my life？" the cactus called.The moon only stared coldly as it continued its course.
A lizard （蜥蜴） passed by，leaving a little trail in the sand with its tail. "What worthy deed can I do？" the cactus called. "You？" the lizard smiled，pausing a moment. "You can do something.Just wait for the right moment.The hawks circle their ways overhead，making beautiful patterns for us all to admire.The moon hangs high like a lantern at night，so we can see our ways home to our loved ones.Even I，the lowly lizard，have something to do.I decorate the sands with these beautiful trails as I pull my tail along.And you，you will show us your beauty some day."
Paragraph 1：
It went on year after year，and the cactus grew old.
______________
Paragraph 2：
The desert hadn't known such a flower of it.
_______________
Unit 3 Environmental Protection
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共1小题）
1．When policeman Knox was sent to the home of a choking child，he had no idea that it would change his life.And he （1）　D　 thought that it would lead to having a child in his life.
Knox （2）　B　 at Ma'Yavi Parham's house as fast as he could.Cereal was deeply stuck in the two﹣month﹣old baby's （3）　C　 .When he entered Parham's home，he found that their daughter was "turning blue and becoming （4）　C　 ".
Knox's quick thinking saved Ma'Yavi's life.In a post，Knox （5）　D　 one of the most important nights of his life："I did CPR and was able to take the cereal out of her throat and she began （6）　A　 again."
The moments following Ma'Yavi's resuscitation（复活）gave surprising meaning to Knox's（7）　B　 as a police officer."Out of my 25 years being a policeman，this is my greatest （8）　A　 ."At the end of his post，Knox （9）　B　 ，"Little Miss Parham will forever be a part of my life..." And he was （10）　C　 .
Just days after Knox （11）　D　 their little girl，Ma'Yavi's parents asked him to be her godfather.
Knox's reaction to the （12）　A　 will bring tears to your eyes："I was （13）　A　 because I had officially （14）　B　 her godfather.Ma'Yavi Parham，I promise I will love you（15）　C　 all my heart."
（1） A．certainly B．probably C．always D．never
（2） A．lived B．arrived C．pointed D．flew
（3） A．head B．leg C．throat D．teeth
（4） A．busier B．lighter C．weaker D．stronger
（5） A．waited B．explained C．discussed D．described
（6） A．breathing B．laughing C．playing D．sleeping
（7） A．hobby B．career C．interest D．desire
（8） A．accomplishment B．plan C．wealth D．advantage
（9） A．discovered B．wrote C．remembered D．believed
（10） A．independent B．positive C．right D．popular
（11） A．taught B．controlled C．discovered D．saved
（12） A．request B．praise C．service D．agreement
（13） A．excited B．puzzled C．unhappy D．angry
（14） A．known B．become C．moved D．visited
（15） A．against B．on C．with D．in
【答案】（1）﹣（5）DBCCD （6）﹣（10）ABABC （11）﹣（15）DAABC
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。警察诺克斯救了一个被麦片卡住了的2个月大的小女孩。小女孩的家人特别感激警察，请求他当小女孩的教父。
【解答】（1）D.考查副词及语境理解。A.certainly当然；B.probably可能；C.always总是；D.never从不。根据上文"he had no idea that it would change his life" 及最后一段"Ma'Yavi's parents asked him to be her godfather"可知，警察诺克斯没想到此次任务竞然改变了他的生活。也未曾想到此次任务竟然让他有了一个"孩子"。故选D.
（2）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.lived居住；B.arrived到达；C.pointed指出；D.flew飞。根据下文"at Ma'Yavi Parham's house as fast as he could"可知，诺克斯用最快的速度赶到Parham 的家。故选B。
（3）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.head头；B.leg腿；C.throat喉咙；D.teeth牙齿。根据下文第三段"was able to take the cereal out of her throat"可知，麦片卡在了Ma'Yavi的喉咙。故选C。
（4）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.busier更忙的；B.lighter更轻的；C.weaker更弱的；D.stronger更强大的。根据上文"Cereal was deeply stuck ...turning blue" 可知，麦片卡在了Ma'Yavi 的喉咙，导致她不能呼吸，诺克斯发现Ma'Yavi脸色发青，变得更加虚弱。故选C。
（5）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.waited等待；B.explained解释；C.discussed讨论；D.described描述。此处表示诺克斯在帖子上描述拯救Ma'Yavi的过程。故选D。
（6）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.breathing呼吸；B.laughing笑；C.playing玩耍；D.sleeping睡觉。根据第一段中的"When polceman Knox was sent to the home of a choking child"可知，诺克斯把卡在女孩喉咙的麦片取出来后，Ma'Yavi可以正常呼吸了。故选A。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.hobby爱好；B.career职业，生涯；C.interest兴趣；D.desire愿望。根据下文"as a police officer" 可知，此处指给诺克斯作为警察的职业生涯中增添了意义。故选B。
（8）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.accomplishment成就，功绩；B.plan计划；C.wealth财富；D.advantage优势。根据上文内容可知，诺克斯救活了Ma'Yavi，他说这是他当警察25年来最大的成就。故选A。
（9）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.discovered发现；B.wrote写，书写；C.remembered记住；相信。根据上文"At the end of his post"可知，此处是指在帖子上"写道"。故选B。
（10）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.independent独立的；B.positive积极的，乐观的；C.right正确的；D.popular流行的。根据下文"Ma'Yavi's parents asked him to be her godfather"可知，Ma'Yavi的父母让诺克斯当Ma'Yavi 的教父，所以诺克斯认为Ma'Yavi是他生活中的一部分的判断是正确的。故选C。
（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.taught教；B.controlled控制；C.discovered发现；D.saved节省，挽救。根据上文内容可知，诺克斯挽救了Ma'Yavi的生命。故选D。
（12）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.request要求，请求；B.praise称赞，赞扬；C.service服务；D.agreement同意，赞成。根据上文"Ma'Yavi's parents asked him to be her godfather"可知，Ma'Yavi的父母请求诺克斯作女儿的教父。故选A。
（13）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited兴奋的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.unhappy不高兴的；D.angry生气的。根据上文"bring tears to your eyes"可知，诺克斯被请求当教父后，很激动。故选A。
（14）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.known知道；B.become成为；C.moved移动；D.visited参观，拜访。此处表示诺克斯正式成为Ma Yavi的教父。故选B。
（15）C.考查介词及语境理解。A.against反对，对着，靠着；B.on在……上；C.with用，和；D.in在……里面。根据上文"I promise I will love you"可知，诺克斯将全心全意地爱Ma'"Yavi.故选C。
【点评】考查完形填空。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合上下文及选项做出正确的选择。
二．阅读理解（共4小题）
2．Whether you feel like taking a road trip，or you just need some fun，you'll enjoy this list of popular tourist attractions.
Alabama：Alabama Gulf Coast Beaches
If Alabama wasn't the location for your next summer beach vacation，you may want to reconsider.There are 32 miles of white sand that has washed down from the Appalachian Mountains for thousands of years.That's probably why over six million people visit Alabama's Gulf Coast beaches every year.It's just ten dollars per person.
Alaska：Kenai Fjords Wildlife Cruise
Alaska is the best place to go for spotting breathtaking （惊险的） wildlife.In fact，the number of visitors who travel to Alaska to see wildlife has increased by 45 percent.The Kenai Fjords Wildlife Cruise will bring you close to whales，sea lions，and sea birds.A five﹣hour trip that starts at noon and covers 55 miles of sea will be the best you ever taken.
Arkansas：Hot Springs National Park
Skip the beach and choose a new type of relaxation at Hot Springs National Park.It's America's oldest and smallest national park.There's a no﹣booking policy，perfect for free travelers.Doors open at 8 a.m.，so get there early!
Connecticut：Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History
Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History is a must stop if you're traveling nearby Yale University.It attracts plenty of people and has many collections including New England birds，dinosaurs，Greek and Roman antiquities，and even an Egyptian mummy.Adults pay ＄13 for entry，but if you want to visit for free，go on at Thursday.
Don't miss the four best tourist attractions.
（1）Why do many people go to Alabama's Gulf Coast beaches？ 　C　
A．It has a good and convenient location.
B．It has a history of thousands of years.
C．It has tens of miles of white sand.
D．The Appalachian Mountains are beautiful.
（2）When should you get to Kenai Fjords Wildlife Cruise if you want to visit it？ 　D　
A．Five hours before it opens.
B．Five hours after it opens.
C．Before eight o'clock in the morning.
D．Before twelve o'clock in the morning.
（3）What should or will you do if you visit Hot Springs National Park？ 　A　
A．Get up early.
B．Roll the grass.
C．Book in advance.
D．Walk on the beach.
【答案】CDA
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国四个独具特色的旅游景点以及它们的特征。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。第一个景点第二句"There are 32 miles of white sand that has washed down from the Appalachian Mountains for thousands of years.绵延32英里的白沙从阿巴拉契亚山脉冲刷而下已有数千年的历史。"这里有32英里的白色沙滩，这一点吸引了大量的游客，由此可知很多人去阿拉巴马州的墨西哥湾海滩是因为它有几十英里的白沙滩。故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。文章第二个景点"A five﹣hour trip that starts at noon从中午开始的五个小时的旅程"，由此可知游客必须在中午之前赶到。故选D。
（3）A.细节理解题。文章第三个景点"Doors open at 8 a.m.，so get there early!早上8点开门，所以早点去!"早上8点开门，要早点到，由此可知如果你去温泉国家公园，你应该早起。故选A。
【点评】1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目；
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换；
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
3．（2024秋 小店区校级模拟）Blue Planet II's latest episode focuses on how plastic is having a disastrous effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures．Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth，the Mariana Trench，have plastic in their stomachs．Indeed，the oceans are drowning in plastic．
Though it seems now that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics，consumer plastics are a remarkably recent invention．The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s；the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining in popularity in the United States．This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change．Plastics pollution research，for instance，is still a very early science．
We put all these plastics into the environment and we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be．What we do know，though，is disturbing．Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year．Nearly 700 species，including endangered ones，are known to have been affected by it．One in three leather back turtles，which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish，have been found with plastic in their bellies．Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis．By 2050，that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent．
And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas．Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat．I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster，worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change．But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change．There are no ocean trash deniers （否认者），at least so far．To do something about it，we don't have to remake our planet energy system．
This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is．We know how to pick up garbage．Anyone can do it．We know how to dispose （处理） of it．We know how to recycle．We can all start by thinking twice before we use single﹣﹣﹣﹣use plastic products．Things that may seem ordinary，like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag﹣﹣﹣﹣when taken collectively，these choices really do make a difference．
（1）Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science？ 　D　
A．The plastics pollution research is too difficult．
B．Plastics have produced less pollution than coal．
C．The world couldn't possibly function without plastics．
D．Plastics have gained in popularity too fast for science to catch up．
（2）How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3？ 　A　
A．By statistics．
B．By quotations from leading experts．
C．By using examples from his own experience．
D．By comparison and contrast．
（3）What can we infer about climate change？ 　B　
A．Climate change is caused by human activities．
B．Some people hold some doubts about climate change．
C．Climate change is less important than ocean pollution．
D．Ocean plastic is more complicated than climate change．
（4）What is the main idea of this passage？ 　B　
A．Ocean plastic is a global issue．
B．The oceans become choked with plastic．
C．Blue Planet II has left viewers heartbroken．
D．Plastics gain in popularity all over the world
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】蓝色星球II的最新一集关注的是塑料如何对海洋产生灾难性影响，如何慢慢毒害我们的海洋生物．研究人员最近还发现，生活在地球上最深处的海洋生物﹣﹣马里亚纳海沟﹣﹣的胃里有塑料．的确，海洋被塑料淹没了．
【解答】（1）D．细节理解题．根据第二段Though it seems now that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics，consumer plastics are a remarkably recent invention．The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s；the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining in popularity in the United States．This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change．Plastics pollution research，for instance，is still a very early science虽然现在看来，没有塑料世界是不可能运转的，但消费塑料却是最近才发明的．第一个塑料袋是在20世纪50年代问世的，就在塑料包装在美国开始流行的那个十年里，塑料包装的这种增长发生得如此之快，以至于科学仍在跟上变化．例如，塑料污染研究仍然是一门非常早期的科学．可知塑料已经普及得太快了，科学跟不上，故选D．
（2）A．推理判断题．根据第三段介绍：我们把所有这些塑料投入到环境中，但我们仍然不知道会产生什么结果．然而，我们所知道的是令人不安的．据估计，海洋塑料每年会杀死数百万的海洋动物．据了解，包括濒临绝种的海龟在内，有三分之一的棱皮龟经常误以为塑料袋是水母．目前，90%的海鸟经常吃塑料制品．2050年，这一数字有望上升到100%．可知作者是通过统计的方法来支持自己的观点，故选A．
（3）B．推理判断题．根据第四段I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster，worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change．But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change．There are no ocean trash deniers （否认者），at least so far．To do something about it，we don't have to remake our planet energy system人类正在通过我们食用的海鲜来食用塑料．我可以理解为什么有些人把海洋塑料视为灾难，这和气候变化一样值得提及．海洋塑料不像气候变化那么复杂．没有海洋垃圾否认者，至少到目前为止是这样．可知有些人对气候变化持怀疑态度，故选B．
（4）B．主旨大意题．文章介绍塑料如何对海洋产生灾难性影响，如何慢慢毒害我们的海洋生物．研究人员最近还发现，生活在地球上最深处的海洋生物﹣﹣马里亚纳海沟﹣﹣的胃里有塑料．的确，海洋被塑料淹没了，后面文章介绍塑料垃圾对环境的影响，可知文章大意讲垃圾充斥着海洋，故选B．
【点评】此类题型主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．细节理解题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，所以在做细节理解题时要结合原文和提干有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，再结合选项选出正确答案．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要联系上下文根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
4．Sport is not only physically challenging，but can also be mentally challenging .Criticism from coaches ，parents and other teammates ，as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes.Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself.The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.Young athletes can，for example，learn how to cooperate with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives.Coaches and parents should be aware，at all times，that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children.Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find flaws in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children.The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons.In today's youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.
Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances.Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome.Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism.Again，criticism can create high levels of stress，which can lead to burnout.
（1）An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is 　C　 .
A．to make sport less competitive
B．to increase their sense of success
C．to reduce their mental stress
D．to make sport more challenging
（2）According to the passage，sport is positive for young people in that 　C　 .
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it enables them to find flaws in themselves
C．it can provide them with valuable experiences
D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
（3）According to the passage，parents and coaches should 　A　 .
A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sport
B．help children to win every game
C．train children to cope with stress
D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sport
（4）The author's purpose in writing the passage is 　C　 .
A．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
B．to persuade children not to worry about criticism
C．to stress the importance of positive support to children
D．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
【答案】CCAC
【分析】本文为一篇议论文。体育运动既是对人的体力的挑战，也是对人的心理的挑战。在体育运动中，父母和教练应对孩子多鼓励，少批评，让孩子用积极的心态去迎接挑战。
【解答】（1）C .推理判断题。由第一段中的Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.压力可以是身体上的，情感上的，也可以是心理上的，研究表明它会导致精疲力竭。可知，减少青少年运动员的心理压力是防止其身心疲劳的有效途径。故选C。
（2）C.细节理解题。由第二段中的The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.体育活动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生都有用的人生经历。故选C。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据第三段In today's youth sport setting ，young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.Following a game ，many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances.在如今的青少年体育环境中，年轻运动员可能更担心谁会赢，而不是享受自己和这项运动。在一场比赛之后，许多家长和教练都会关注比赛的结果，并对孩子们的表现挑刺。因此判断出，家长和教练正确的做法是让孩子们享受体育活动。故选A。
（4）C.目的意图题。根据最后一段Positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism.积极的鼓励比批评更能激励学习，对学习有更大的影响。推测作者写这篇文章的目的是强调鼓励孩子的重要性。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
5．If you spent years of training to be a lawyer and had a great steady income，would you leave it to undertake a harebrained（轻率的）plan that only your mum and girlfriend believed in？That's exactly what Tom Pakenham did.
He had the idea of starting an eco﹣friendly taxi company，and so with five environmentally friendly cars，Green Tomato Cars was born.Now，only a few years later，the company has a group of 60 Toyota Prius Hybrids.
When the company started in 2006，Tom said，"Only my mum，my girlfriend Sophie，now my wife，and Jonny （his business partner） were 100 percent behind the idea of starting London's first cab service."
Tom，who sold his ＄150，000 flat to raise money for the business，received the support of some well﹣known persons，Buckingham Palace officials and BSkyB managers.Even Al Gore is a fan.
Currently carrying 500﹣600 passengers a day，Green Tomato Cars is a shining example that commercial （商业的） success and green issues are compatible.
"All our drivers and employees are employed from the local community.We use local garages，service agents and vehicle sign﹣writers even though that is not always the most competitive choice.The reason is that to bring green products to the fore we believe we must not be worse than conventional（传统的）taxis.The target is to be recognised as No.1 provider of environmental goods and services in London and around the world."
All their hard work has paid off as the Department for Transport has acknowledged Green Tomato Cars' progress by giving them the Fleet Hero Award and last year the company was highlighted at the WTM World Responsible Tourism Day.
Pleased with the publicity，Tom says，"I like to think we are playing our part with the cars switching to electricity.Carbon dioxide reductions of more than 600 tons have been achieved and this low footprint has sparked（触发）a revolution in the taxi world."
（1）What does the underlined word "compatible" probably mean？ 　C　
A．Only a dream.
B．Necessary.
C．Able to exist together.
D．Within easy reach.
（2）What did Tom start the eco﹣friendly company for？ 　D　
A．To earn more money to protect the environment.
B．To encourage more people to protect the environment.
C．To solve unemployment of the local community.
D．To set up No.1 provider of environmental goods and services.
（3）What are the cars in Green Tomato Cars mainly powered by？ 　A　
A．Electricity.
B．Petrol.
C．Gases.
D．Solar energy.
（4）What can be inferred about environmentally friendly cars？ 　B　
A．They can only produce about 600 tons of carbon dioxide.
B．They are as good as the other taxis.
C．They are more expensive to take.
D．They cost less and make greater profits.
【答案】CDAB
【分析】本文是社会文化类阅读。如果你花了多年的时间去当律师，并且收入稳定，你会不会放弃这个机会，去做一个只有你妈妈和女朋友才相信的轻率的计划呢？Tom Pakenham却做了。
【解答】（1）C．词义猜测题。根据第五段Currently carrying 500﹣600 passengers a day，Green Tomato Cars is a shining example that commercial（商业的）success and green issues are compatible．目前每天可搭载500到600名乘客，绿色西红柿汽车是商业成功和绿色问题相容的光辉典范。可知划线单词意为相容，A.Only a dream.只是一个梦；B.Necessary.必要的；C.Able to exist together.能够共同生存；D.Within easy reach.触手可及。故选C。
（2）D．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The target is to be recognized as No.1 provider of environmental goods and services in London and around the world."目标是被公认为伦敦和世界各地环境商品和服务的头号供应商。可知汤姆创办这家环保公司的目的是建立第一大环保产品和服务供应商。故选D。
（3）A．细节理解题。根据最后一段Pleased with the publicity，Tom says， " I like to think we are playing our part with the cars switching to electricity.汤姆对这一宣传很满意，他说："我认为我们在汽车改用电力方面发挥了我们的作用。可知绿色西红柿汽车是用电能源的，A.Electricity.电力；B.Petrol.汽油；C.Gases.气体；D.Solar energy.太阳能。故选A。
（4）B．推理判断题。根据最后一段 Pleased with the publicity，Tom says，"I like to think we are playing our part with the cars switching to electricity.Carbon dioxide reductions of more than 600 tons have been achieved and this low footprint has sparked（触发）a revolution in the taxi world."汤姆对这一宣传很满意，他说："我认为我们在汽车改用电力方面发挥了自己的作用。二氧化碳减少了600多吨，这一低碳足迹在出租车行业引发了一场革命。"可知这款汽车和其他的出租车一样好，故选B。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
三．信息匹配（共1小题）
6．Almost all industries cause some level of pollution，either directly or indirectly，but some industries are particularly famous for the high levels of pollution which they produce.Because pollution standards and statistics are different around the world，it is difficult to locate the top polluters worldwide.（1）　C　 Many of these industries have been targeted through government and citizen initiatives and asked to clean up their act.
Chemical manufacturing generates a great deal of pollution.Fertilizer companies，the industry for medicine，and companies which manufacture pesticides all pollute a lot around the world.In addition to generating pollution at their factories，indirect pollution will be caused as well. （2）　F　
The manufacturing and processing of metals and paper is also responsible for global pollution.These industries pollute both the air and water in many regions of the world，and they cause environmental problems by logging and mining. （3）　A　 When materials are processed at mines，chemicals are often used and these chemicals often wind up in the environment.
（4）　B　 They include coal fired power plants，airlines，and the automobile industry.Some consumer goods such as leather and sugar are associated with high levels of pollution due to the way in which they are processed and manufactured.The construction and waste management industries produce a number of pollutants as well，ranging from particulates（微粒） at construction sites to water at waste management facilities.
So﹣called"factory farming"has also been fingered as an industry which is known to pollute.Farm animals generate a great deal of methane，especially when they are raised in high volume. （5）　D　 When containment（封隔；抑制）facilities for waste burst or fail，pollutants can be released on a large scale into the surrounding environment.
A.Mining can cause additional pollution issues. B.Industries which rely on fossil fuels also pollute. C.But it is possible to make a list of likely suspects. D.And their waste is also a potential source of pollution. E.There will be so much waste that nearly no one can tolerate. F.Pollution may occur when their products are not managed safely. G.But we still can target many industries regardless of the difficulties.
【答案】CFABD
【分析】几乎所有的工业都会直接或间接地造成一定程度的污染，但有些工业因其产生的高污染程度而特别出名。由于世界各地的污染标准和统计数据不同，很难找到世界上最大的污染企业，但可以列出可能的嫌疑名单，本文讲述了一些可能产生污染的行业。
【解答】（1）联系上文题。前文Because pollution standards and statistics are different around the world，it is difficult to locate the top polluters worldwide.（由于世界各地的污染标准和统计数据不同，很难找到世界上最大的污染企业）说很难列举一些举例的公司，可知后面接着说但是可以找出可疑的公司，C项"但有可能列出一份可能的嫌疑人名单。"符合语境。故选C。
（2）联系上文题。前文In addition to generating pollution at their factories，indirect pollution will be caused as well.（除了在他们的工厂产生污染，也会造成间接污染。）说不仅公司生产有污染，可知接着说产品使用也有，F项"当他们的产品没有得到安全管理时，可能会发生污染。"符合语境，故选F。
（3）联系上文题。前文These industries pollute both the air and water in many regions of the world，and they cause environmental problems by logging and mining.（这些工业污染了世界上许多地区的空气和水，并且由于伐木和采矿造成了环境问题。）说采煤也有污染，所以可知是煤也会造成污染，A项"采矿可能会造成额外的污染问题。"符合语境。故选A。
（4）联系下文题。后文They include coal fired power plants，airlines，and the automobile industry.（它们包括燃煤发电厂、航空公司和汽车工业。）说机动车，飞机会造成污染，所以可知燃油车也有污染，B项"依赖化石燃料的工业也会造成污染。"符合语境。故选B。
（5）联系上文题。前文Farm animals generate a great deal of methane，especially when they are raised in high volume. （家畜产生大量的甲烷，特别是当它们被大量饲养时。）说农场也有很多污染，所以可知农场也会造成污染，D项"他们的废物也是一个潜在的污染源。"符合语境。故选D。
【点评】"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项，得出正确的答案。
四．语法填空（共1小题）
7．Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响）travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become（1）　educated　 （educate）about the areas ﹣ both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics，and often provides money for conservation and benefits the （2）　development　 （develop）of the local areas.
Ecotourism has（3）　its　 （it）origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept（4）　until　 the late 1980s.During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to（5）　the　 growing popularity of environmentally﹣related and adventure travel，various types （6）　of　 trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually，a true eco﹣friendly trip must meet the following principles：
Minimize the impact of（7）　visiting　 （visit）the place.
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide（8）　financial　 （finance）aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park，officially recognized in 1980，is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.（9）　Activities　 （activity）there range from whale watching to hiking（远足）and accommodations aim （10）　to have　 （have） a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】（1）educated（2）development（3）its（4）until（5）the（6）of（7）visiting（8）financial（9）Activities（10）to have
【分析】本文介绍了生态旅游。生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰的地方的低影响旅行。生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。
【解答】（1）educated.考查过去分词。句意：它与传统旅游不同，因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。educate和宾语traveler之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词to become educated作宾补，故填educated。
（2）development.考查名词的数。句意：它与传统旅游不同，因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填development。
（3）its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
（4）until.考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。not...until直到……才，为固定搭配，故填until。
（5）the.考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。特指与环境相关的旅行，所以用定冠词，故填the。
（6）of.考查固定搭配。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of各种类型的，故填of。
（7）visiting.考查动名词。句意：尽量减少参观这个地方的影响。作介词的宾语，后跟自己的宾语，所以用动名词，故填visiting。
（8）financial.考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供经济援助和其他福利。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填financial。
（9）Activities.考查名词的数。句意：那里的活动包括观赏鲸鱼、徒步旅行和住宿，目的是降低对自然环境的影响。作主语，谓语用动词原形，所以用复数名词，故填Activities。
（10）to have.考查不定式。句意：那里的活动包括观赏鲸鱼、徒步旅行和住宿，目的是降低对自然环境的影响。aim to do sth.旨在做某事，故填to have。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
五．单词拼写（共5小题）
8．Can you take out the　garbage　 （垃圾） to the dustbin when you go to school this morning？
【答案】garbage
【分析】你今天早上去上学时，你能把垃圾倒进垃圾箱吗？
【解答】答案：garbage.take out是及物动词短语，后接名词作宾语；garbage是不可数名词。故填：garbage.
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
9．Most kids u 　ndergo　 （经历） a complete transformation when they become teenagers.
【答案】undergo
【分析】大多数孩子长大成人后都会经历一次彻底的转变。
【解答】根据句意，大多数孩子长大成人后都会经历一次彻底的转变。结合单词首字母及汉语"经历"，考虑动词undergo作谓语，结合语境可知，句子是在陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语kids为复数，谓语动词应用原形。
故填：undergo。
【点评】对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
10．The 　reforms　 （改革） should give a better chance to the less able children.
【答案】reforms
【分析】这些改革将会给予能力较低的孩子更好的机会。
【解答】"改革"可以翻译成"reform"；其中the为冠词，后接名词。根据句意"这些改革将会给予能力较低的孩子更好的机会。"可知，改革应该不止一种，表达的是复数的概念，故用复数形式。
故填：reforms。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
11．The record has already proved a success and may well start a 　trend　 （潮流）.
【答案】trend
【分析】这一记录已经证明是成功的，很可能会开始一种趋势。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"潮流"可译为trend。分析句子，结合冠词a可知，设空处用名词单数形式作宾语。
故填：trend。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
12．The bad news is that the ice has begun to 　melt　 （融化） as a result of global warming.
【答案】melt
【分析】坏消息是，由于全球变暖，冰已经开始融化。
【解答】动词melt表示"融化"，begin to do表示"开始做某事"，空前有to，故用动词原形。
故填：melt。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
六．书面表达（共2小题）
13．（2024秋 丹东模拟）假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为"我们的地球我们的家"（Our Earth，Our Home）的环保创意活动．请用英语写一封邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Peter参加，内容包括：
1．活动时间和地点；
2．活动内容（照片展，旧物利用，环保海报等）；
3．期待Peter参加．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
Dear Peter，
________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】For example，you will enjoy a photo show which displays students' efforts to gather and classify the rubbish．（高分句型一）句中which displays students' efforts to gather and classify the rubbish为定语从句
例如，你会喜欢一个图片展，展示学生收集和分类垃圾的努力．
We also welcome students to put forward more creative methods to make this activity more interesting．（高分句型二）句中to make this activity more interesting为不定式作状语
我们也欢迎同学们提出更具创意的方法，让这项活动更有趣．
【解答】Dear Peter，
Our school will hold an environmental protection activity entitled "Our Earth，Our Home in our school's stadium this Sunday．I sincerely invite you to take part in it．（活动时间和地点）
This activity aims at improving students" environmental protection awareness and urging students to take efective action to protect our earth．Various activities will be held．For example，you will enjoy a photo show which displays students' efforts to gather and classify the rubbish．（高分句型一） The process of recycling waste materials will tell us how to deal with the waste materials．The posters of environmental protection will arouse students' interest in protecting our earth．We also welcome students to put forward more creative methods to make this activity more interesting．（高分句型二）（活动内容）
I'm looking forward to your coming．（期待Peter参加）
Yours
Li Hua
【点评】英语写作是一项主观性较强的测试题．它不仅考查学生的写作基础而且还考查学生在写作过程中综合运用语言的能力．在撰写时要注意主谓语一致，时态呼应，用词贴切等．要提高英语写作水平，需要两方面的训练：一是语言基础方面的训练，要有扎实的造句、翻译等基本功，即用词法、句法等知识造出正确无误的句子；二是写作知识和能力 方面的训练以掌握写作方面的基本方法和技巧．
14．A cactus （仙人掌） stood all alone in the desert，wondering why it was stuck in the middle of the desert. "I do nothing but stand here all day，" it sighed. "What use do I have？I am the ugliest plant in the desert.My spines （刺） are thick，my leaves are tough，and my skin is uneven.I can't offer shade or juice to the passing travellers.I don't see that I am of any use at all." All it did was stand in the sun day after day，growing taller and fatter.Its spines grew longer and its leaves grew tougher.It truly was strange﹣looking.
"I wish I could do something useful，" it signed.By day，hawks （鹰） circled high overhead，and the cactus called， "What can I do with my life？" Whether they heard or not，the hawks flew away.At night the moon floated into the sky and cast its pale light on the desert floor. "What can I do with my life？" the cactus called.The moon only stared coldly as it continued its course.
A lizard （蜥蜴） passed by，leaving a little trail in the sand with its tail. "What worthy deed can I do？" the cactus called. "You？" the lizard smiled，pausing a moment. "You can do something.Just wait for the right moment.The hawks circle their ways overhead，making beautiful patterns for us all to admire.The moon hangs high like a lantern at night，so we can see our ways home to our loved ones.Even I，the lowly lizard，have something to do.I decorate the sands with these beautiful trails as I pull my tail along.And you，you will show us your beauty some day."
Paragraph 1：
It went on year after year，and the cactus grew old.
______________
Paragraph 2：
The desert hadn't known such a flower of it.
_______________
【答案】Paragraph 1：
It went on year after year，and the cactus grew old.It cried out， "I have wondered so long，and I have tried so hard.I just want to do something useful.I fear that now it's too late." But just then，the cactus felt a strange change，and it knew a kind of joy that it had never had would approach.At its top，a beautiful flower suddenly appeared，like a shiny crown.It didn't look strange﹣looking any more.
Paragraph 2：
The desert hadn't known such a flower of it.Its pleasant smell spread into the air far and wide and brought happiness to all passers﹣by.The passing travellers，including the butterflies，stopped to admire its beauty.So did the hawks.And that night，even the moon smiled when it found such a treasure.The lizard said to the cactus， "You have tried your best to wait for the right moment.Your heart trying to do good things will always bring something worthwhile to the world，even for a moment."
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了执着的仙人掌的故事。
高分句型一：But just then，the cactus felt a strange change，and it knew a kind of joy that it had never had would approach.
翻译：但就在那时，仙人掌感觉到了一种奇怪的变化，它知道一种从未有过的快乐即将来临。
分析：本句使用了that引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：And that night，even the moon smiled when it found such a treasure.
翻译：那天晚上，当月亮发现这样的宝藏时，它也笑了。
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
【解答】Paragraph 1：
It went on year after year，and the cactus grew old.It cried out， "I have wondered so long，and I have tried so hard.I just want to do something useful.I fear that now it's too late." But just then，the cactus felt a strange change，and it knew a kind of joy that it had never had would approach.【高分句型一】At its top，a beautiful flower suddenly appeared，like a shiny crown.It didn't look strange﹣looking any more.（仙人掌日渐老去，但最终在头顶盛开鲜花）
Paragraph 2：
The desert hadn't known such a flower of it.Its pleasant smell spread into the air far and wide and brought happiness to all passers﹣by.The passing travellers，including the butterflies，stopped to admire its beauty.So did the hawks.And that night，even the moon smiled when it found such a treasure.【高分句型二】The lizard said to the cactus， "You have tried your best to wait for the right moment.Your heart trying to do good things will always bring something worthwhile to the world，even for a moment."（鲜花香气怡人，吸引了蝴蝶，也给路人带来了芬芳，这是上帝对他执着精神的一种回报）
【点评】解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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