14　课时分层训练(九)　Unit 5　What's the highest mountain in the world Section A 鲁教版 八上

课时分层训练(九)　Unit 5　What's the highest mountain in the world Section A
知识点一　“比较级＋than＋any other＋可数名词单数”的用法
1．Shanghai is larger than D in China.
A．any city
B．all the cities
C．some other cities
D．any other city
解析：考查比较级的用法。any city任何城市， 用于不同范围比较；all the cities所有的城市；some other cities一些其他的城市；any other city任何其他的城市， 用于同一范围比较。根据“Shanghai is larger than..．in China”可知， 上海在中国范围内， 所以用“比较级＋than＋any other＋可数名词单数”的结构。故选D。
2．—Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world.
—That is, it is larger than A country in Asia.
A．any　　　 　　 B．any other
C．other
解析：考查比较级的用法。any“任何一个”， 指不同范围的比较；any other“其他的任何一个”， 指相同范围的比较；other“其他的”， 后接名词复数。根据“it is larger than ..．country in Asia”可知， 此处表示加拿大比亚洲的任何一个国家都大， 加拿大不属于亚洲范围， 应用any。故选A。
3．Jack is the tallest boy in his class．(同义句转换)
(1)Jack is taller than any other boy in his class.
(2)Jack is taller than the other boys in his class.
知识点二　population的用法
1．The C of the world is about 8 billion．The world is getting more and more crowded.
A．programme B．purpose
C．population
解析：考查名词辨析。program节目；purpose目的；population人口。根据“about 8 billion”及选项可知， 此处是指世界人口约为80亿。故选C。
2．Two thirds of the population in that faraway village A farmers.
A．are　　B．is　　C．have　　D．has
解析：考查主谓一致的用法。根据“Two thirds of the population in that faraway village ..．farmers.”可知， 三分之二的人是农民， 用be动词表示“是”。population强调整体作主语时， 谓语动词常用单数形式；分数/百分数＋ of ＋ the population作主语时， 谓语动词常用复数形式。故选A。
3．The population of China is much C than of America.
A．bigger; it B．more; that
C．bigger; that
解析：考查比较级和代词的用法。bigger更大的， big的比较级；more更多， many/much的比较级；that用来代指前面提及的单数可数名词或泛指的不可数名词， 即同类不同物；it指代同类同物。形容人口多用big, 排除B, 第二个空指代美国的“population”， 用that, 排除A。故选C。
4．这个城市的人口数量是多少？
What's the population of this city
知识点三　“one of ＋ the ＋ 形容词最高级 ＋ 可数名词复数”的用法
1．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the C books in my heart.
A．interesting B．more interesting
C．most interesting D．less interesting
解析：考查形容词最高级的用法。根据“The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the ..．books in my heart.”可知， 此处是“one of ＋ the ＋ 形容词的最高级 ＋ 可数名词复数”结构。故选C。
2．China is one of the oldest A in the world.
A．countries B．country
C．a country
解析：考查名词复数的用法。此处是结构“one of the ＋形容词的最高级 ＋ 可数名词复数”，意为“最……的……之一”。故选A。
3．The Yangtze River is one of the longest (long) rivers in the world.
知识点四　include的用法
1．Ten people were present at the meeting yesterday, D Mr．Smith, the boss of my company.
A．among B．between
C．with D．including
解析：考查介词辨析。among在……之间(三者及三者以上)；between在……之间(两者之间)；with带有；including包括。根据“Ten people were present at the meeting yesterday”可知， 应该是包括老板在内的十个人出席了昨天的会议。故选D。
2．My hobbies include (包括) swimming, painting and dancing.
3．Many middle school students like reading Harry Potter, including (include) me.
知识点五　succeed, success, successful与successfully的用法辨析
1．What you need to become a D basketball player is not only talent but also hard work.
A．young B．friendly
C．happy D．successful
解析：考查形容词辨析。young年轻的；friendly友好的；happy开心的；successful成功的。根据“What you need to become a ..．basketball player is not only talent but also hard work.”可知， 成功的篮球运动员， 不仅需要天赋， 还需要努力。故选D。
2．Many great people ever failed, but they never gave up and managed D ．
A．success B．succeed
C．succeeding D．to succeed
解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。success是名词， 表示成功；succeed是动词。manage to do sth．“设法做成某事”， 为固定搭配。故选D。
3．—Congratulations! Can you share your secret to learning
—If you work hard enough, you will succeed C achieving your goal.
A．on B．about
C．in D．for
解析：考查介词辨析。on在……上面；about关于；in在……里面；for为了。succeed in doing sth．“成功做某事”， 为固定搭配。故选C。
4．Little Amy's success (succeed) in drawing brought her parents much happiness.
知识点六　achieve与come true的用法辨析
1．No one can A success without working hard.
A．achieve B．accept
C．admire
解析：考查动词辨析。achieve实现；accept接受；admire钦佩。根据“No one can...success without working hard.”可知， 应该是achieve success“取得成功”。故选A。
2．Cathy is sure that her dream of becoming a woman pilot will C in the future.
A．come up B．come out
C．come true D．come from
解析：考查动词短语辨析。come up出现， 升起；come out出现， 出版；come true成真， 实现；come from来自。根据“her dream of becoming a woman pilot will..．in the future”可知， 是指梦想成真。故选C。
3．Last year, we worked together to overcome all kinds of difficulties and challenges and made new B ．
A．celebrations B．achievements
C．excitements D．positions
解析：考查名词辨析。celebration庆祝；achievement成就；excitement激动；position位置。根据“Last year, we worked together to overcome all kinds of difficulties and challenges and made new...”可知， 此处应该是说克服困难与挑战， 取得了新的成就。故选B。
4．Everyone, including his parents, is satisfied with his achievements/achievement (achieve)．
阅读理解
Jerry is a world famous mountain climber．He has climbed many high mountains in the world．Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure(探险) in South America, covering 7，800 miles．He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn't feel fulfilled．He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world？”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples(样本) from the places far away to do research．But scientists can't get there themselves as such places are hard to reach—only the bravest adventurers can make it．Jerry thought himself could do something to help．He then came up with an idea．He set up a team of top adventurers to collect samples for scientists．By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma． The samples they brought back have helped scientists study how plants live in extreme(极端的) condition.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is the most satisfying．“Such adventures had made us see life in a different way．Now, being the best climber isn't important for me．What matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains．There is still much more we can do，” Jerry said to a newspaper.
(　B　)1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about
A．Jerry's friends.
B．Jerry's achievements.
C．High mountains.
(　A　)2．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．满意的
B．孤独的
C．有耐心的
(　B　)3．Why did Jerry set up a team of
top adventurers
A．To make friends.
B．To help scientists．
C．To study plants.
(　C　)4．Jerry's and his friends' adventures have changed ．
A．their hobbies
B．their friendship
C．their understanding of life
【创新运用】
选词填空
根据短文内容， 从方框中选择适当的单词填空， 每个单词限用一次。
of, to, because, when, but, enough, a, call, world, long
The Great Wall of China has a history of over two thousand years．It runs from the east 1． to the west in North China．It is about 6，300 kilometers 2． long ． Sometimes we also 3． call it “Ten Thousand Li Great Wall”．It is one of the “Seven Wonders of the Ancient World”．
The Great Wall is wide 4． enough for ten men to walk side by side．Horses can run along it too．The Great Wall was made 5． of stones and bricks(砖)．There are huge stones on each side and on the highest part．6． But now some sections of it are worn out(受损)．
There are tall watchtowers along the Great Wall．Once upon 7． a time, the soldiers kept watching the enemies(敌人) in the watchtowers day and night．They made fire on the towers to tell each other 8． when the enemies came.
Nowadays we don't use the Great Wall to keep away the enemies any more．It is a famous place of interest to all the people in the 9． world ．Every year thousands of people come to visit it from all over the world 10． because it is so beautiful.
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