Unit 3 Getting along with others Period 2 Grammar and usage 课件（共32张）高一英语 译林版(2020) 必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 3 Getting along with others Period 2 Grammar and usage 课件（共32张）高一英语 译林版(2020) 必修第一册 |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-15 21:24:49 | ||
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(共32张PPT)
Unit 3 Getting along
with others
译林版2020必修第一册
Grammar and Usage
Contents
1. Lead in
2. Read and explore
3. Practice
4. Summary
5. Homework
01. Lead in
She is a popular singer.
Her song is popular among young people.
She is a popular singer whose song is popular among young people.
relative clause（定语从句）
跟在一个名词或代词后进行修饰限定的句子，就叫作定语从句。
attributive（定语）
修饰、限定和说明名词或代词的品质与特征的成分是定语。
除了形容词可以充当定语之外，名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词等也可充当定语。
the young lady
an interesting story
the excited fans
a woman singer
thousands of audience
Observe and Discuss
02. Read
and explore
Below is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below.
A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.
A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.
A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world.
Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.
Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.
“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us.
“Liking” our friends’ photos online does not develop the connection which we share.
Below is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below.
Rules
A restrictive relative clause modifies a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it. We use relative pronouns or relative adverbs to introduce restrictive relative clauses.
We use ______ for things, and _______ and whom for people. We can use ______ for both things and people. We use _______ to show possession.
which
who
that
whose
Read the following sentences and combine them into one with proper relative words.
1. People have close friends. People naturally enjoy their company.
2. He is kind-hearted. He has true friends.
People who have close friends naturally enjoy their company.
He who is kind-hearted has true friends.
Read the article again and answer the question.
What are the pros and cons of making friends online
Pros:
People may be able to make many friends online.
Cons:
Friendships online can be very shallow.
Texting and messaging can't replace face-to-face chatting.
Sharing experiences on social media is not enough to express one's values.
“Liking” friends' photos online doesn't develop the connection with them.
定语从句和定语的作用是一样的，都为了修饰名词（或代词）；定语从句通常是一个句子跟在一个名词或代词后面，而这个句子就叫做定语从句
被修饰的名词（或代词）叫先行词
定语从句置于先行词之后
1. The book (先行词) that I bought yesterday (关系词+从句部分) is very interesting.
2. The girl (先行词)whose mom is a teacher (关系词+从句部分) is my friend.
语法概念:
限制性定语从句（restrictive relative clause）指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“……的（人）”或“……的（物）”。从句不可去掉， 一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词（antecedent）。
定语从句可由关系代词（relative pronouns）that、which、who、whom、whose引导。如：
The trees which are behind the office building have lost their leaves.
Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen.
关系代词在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。如：
The boy who is running on the playground is the best runner in our school.
（who作主语，不可省略）
The subject (which) I like best is English. （which作宾语，可省略）
语法概念:
关系代词who、whom、which、that、whose的主要用法如下：
(1) who引导的定语从句修饰人，who在从句中作主语或宾语；whom引导的定语从句修饰人，whom在从句中作宾语；who和whom都可以由that代替。如：
They are looking for people who/that want to join the Reading Club.
The girl (who/whom/that) you saw in the park is my cousin.
(2) which引导的定语从句修饰物，which在从句中作主语或宾语，可以由that代替。
This is the book (which/that) I want to read.
(3) whose引导的定语从句，既可修饰人，也可修饰物，whose在从句中作定语。
I sat next to a girl whose name is Diana.
The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday.
注意：当先行项是way并且定语从句要表示“以……的方式”时，定语从句常用that或in which引导，that或in which也可以省略。如：
I like the way (that/in which) she smiles.
关系代词也可以用作介词的宾语。在正式场合，介词可以置于关系代词前，这种情况下关系代词不可省略，也不可以用that代替。如：
Is this the magazine (which/that) you were talking about just now
= Is this the magazine about which you were talking just now
但是要注意的是，固定短语中的介词不能前置到关系代词前。如：
You are the very person (whom/that) we are looking for.
语法概念:
1)The woman ______ spoke at the meeting was Mrs Jones.
2)Mrs Smith ___________ you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
3)In Greece there was once a king ________ name was Midas.
4)I'd like a room the window of________ looks out over the sea.
用关系词填空，并分析其功能:
which
(who/whom)
whose
who
主语
宾语
定语
宾语
即时练习
03. Practice
Express your opinion on friends or friendship using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns.
Let’s write
Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmth and happiness. Friendship is also one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy. When in trouble, we need friends who can give us support and encouragement. With success achieved, we also need friends that can share our joys. We all need friends whose help makes our life more enjoyable.
)
)
the subject of the clause
which
sunshine
that
antecedent
Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmth and happiness .
Friendship is also one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy .
(
one of the greatest pleasures
the object of the clause
antecedent
(
)
)
the subject of the clause
who
friends
that
friends
the subject of the clause
antecedent
antecedent
When in trouble, we need friends who can give us support and encouragement .
With success achieved, we also need friends that can share our joys.
(
(
We all need friends whose help makes our life more enjoyable .
(
)
friends’
whose
antecedent’s
A real friend is someone (whose support we can count on).
whose support = someone's support
I saw a man shouting at a driver _______ car was blocking the street .
This is the little girl _______ parents were killed in the great earthquake .
whose
the driver’s car
whose
the little girl’s parents
B1
Rewrite the following sentences using restrictive relative clauses.
Applying the rules
1. Common interests provide rich ground. Many friendships grow from rich ground.
Common interests provide rich ground ________________________________.
2. When friend’s communication is warm and open, friendships grow best.
Friendships grow best between friends __________________________________.
3. Friendships are like flowers. These flowers need to be taken good care of.
Friendships are like flowers ____________________________________.
4. A relationship with a true friend will surely produce fruit. You can count on a true friend.
A relationship with a true friend ____________________________ will surely produce fruit.
5. You have been helped by others. To make friends, you should help others in the same way.
To make friends, you should help others the way_________________________________.
from which many friendships grow
whose communication is warm and open
which/that need to be taken good care of
whom/who/that you can count on
in which/that you have been helped by others
B2
The passage below is about friendship in a great plete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.
In Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the friendship (1) ____________ forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book, though they appear to be an unlikely pair. Huck is a poor white boy (2) ____________ father often beats him, while Jim is a black slave (3) ____________ longs to be free. One day, Huck runs away from home to an island. There he meets Jim and makes friends with him. Then they leave the island together on a raft (4) ____________ they find on the Mississippi River. They head north to Illinois, a state in (5) ____________ Jim can become free. The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers. In the end, Huck decides that Jim is a friend (6) _______________ he needs and values, and refuses to give him up. From this story we can see that friends are people (7) ____________ support you through thick and thin.
which/that
whose
who/that
(which/that)
which
(whom/that/who)
who/that
The passage below is about friendship in a great plete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.
Part B2
which/that
whose
who/that
(which/that)
which
whom/that/who
who/that
04. Summary
（1）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况
1）当先行词是anything, everything, nothing（something除外）, few, all,none, little, some等代词，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much,each等修饰时，只能用that，但有时可以省略。
Have you taken down everything（that）Mr. Lee has said
All that can be done has been done．所有能做的都做了。
There is little（that）I can do for you．我几乎不能为你做什么。
考查重点:
2）当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时，只能用that。
Who is the man that is standing there？正站在那儿的那个人是谁？
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most？哪件T恤衫最适合我？
3）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that。
This is the best film that I have seen．这是我看过的最好的一部电影。
4）当形容词被the very, the only, the same, the last修饰时，只能用that。当先行词指人时偶尔也可以用who。
This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy.这就是我想买的那本很实用的词典。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.他家遭遇火灾之后，他仅剩那辆旧车。
5）当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
6）当关系代词在定语从句中做表语时，只能用that。
The village is no longer the one that it used to be10 years ago.
乡村已经不再是10年前的样子了。
7）当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时，只能用that。
The writer and his works that you told me about are admired by us all.
我们所有人都仰慕你告诉我的那位作家和他所做的作品。
1）定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分。句子也可以由when,where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，但不充当句子成分。
The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money．我们现在面临的问题是如何筹集巨额资金。（定语从句）
The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.我们如何筹集巨额资金的问题是很难解决的。（同位语从句）
2）定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系。
The flight that took off just now is to London.刚刚起飞的航班是飞往伦敦的。（定语从句）
区分定语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以发展成一个完整的句子。
The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.
我们可以请老师给点建议的主意不错。（同位语从句）
The idea that we have just heard is wonderful.
我们刚刚听到的主意不错。（定语从句）
区分定语从句和同位语从句
05. Homework
Workbook Page 70 Part C
1. All my classmates enjoyed the cake ___________ I made.
2. She has a brother ________ name I can't remember.
3. It is believed by many people that the man _________ makes no mistakes does not usually make anything.
4. My sister Tina likes reading novels ___________ were written by Charles Dickens.
5. It is an Australian company ________ logo looks like a red kangaroo.
(which/that)
whose
who/that
which/that
whose
6. The book __________ I borrowed from the library yesterday is very interesting.
7. This is the best film ________ we have ever made about friendship.
8. I really admire people ________ can work in such difficult conditions.
9. The man _________________ we met in the street just now used to be my English teacher.
10. I admire the way ____________ he solves the problem.
(which/that)
that
who/that
(who/that/whom )
(in which/that)
Unit 3 Getting along
with others
译林版2020必修第一册
Grammar and Usage
Contents
1. Lead in
2. Read and explore
3. Practice
4. Summary
5. Homework
01. Lead in
She is a popular singer.
Her song is popular among young people.
She is a popular singer whose song is popular among young people.
relative clause（定语从句）
跟在一个名词或代词后进行修饰限定的句子，就叫作定语从句。
attributive（定语）
修饰、限定和说明名词或代词的品质与特征的成分是定语。
除了形容词可以充当定语之外，名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词等也可充当定语。
the young lady
an interesting story
the excited fans
a woman singer
thousands of audience
Observe and Discuss
02. Read
and explore
Below is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below.
A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.
A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.
A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world.
Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.
Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.
“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us.
“Liking” our friends’ photos online does not develop the connection which we share.
Below is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below.
Rules
A restrictive relative clause modifies a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it. We use relative pronouns or relative adverbs to introduce restrictive relative clauses.
We use ______ for things, and _______ and whom for people. We can use ______ for both things and people. We use _______ to show possession.
which
who
that
whose
Read the following sentences and combine them into one with proper relative words.
1. People have close friends. People naturally enjoy their company.
2. He is kind-hearted. He has true friends.
People who have close friends naturally enjoy their company.
He who is kind-hearted has true friends.
Read the article again and answer the question.
What are the pros and cons of making friends online
Pros:
People may be able to make many friends online.
Cons:
Friendships online can be very shallow.
Texting and messaging can't replace face-to-face chatting.
Sharing experiences on social media is not enough to express one's values.
“Liking” friends' photos online doesn't develop the connection with them.
定语从句和定语的作用是一样的，都为了修饰名词（或代词）；定语从句通常是一个句子跟在一个名词或代词后面，而这个句子就叫做定语从句
被修饰的名词（或代词）叫先行词
定语从句置于先行词之后
1. The book (先行词) that I bought yesterday (关系词+从句部分) is very interesting.
2. The girl (先行词)whose mom is a teacher (关系词+从句部分) is my friend.
语法概念:
限制性定语从句（restrictive relative clause）指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“……的（人）”或“……的（物）”。从句不可去掉， 一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词（antecedent）。
定语从句可由关系代词（relative pronouns）that、which、who、whom、whose引导。如：
The trees which are behind the office building have lost their leaves.
Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen.
关系代词在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。如：
The boy who is running on the playground is the best runner in our school.
（who作主语，不可省略）
The subject (which) I like best is English. （which作宾语，可省略）
语法概念:
关系代词who、whom、which、that、whose的主要用法如下：
(1) who引导的定语从句修饰人，who在从句中作主语或宾语；whom引导的定语从句修饰人，whom在从句中作宾语；who和whom都可以由that代替。如：
They are looking for people who/that want to join the Reading Club.
The girl (who/whom/that) you saw in the park is my cousin.
(2) which引导的定语从句修饰物，which在从句中作主语或宾语，可以由that代替。
This is the book (which/that) I want to read.
(3) whose引导的定语从句，既可修饰人，也可修饰物，whose在从句中作定语。
I sat next to a girl whose name is Diana.
The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday.
注意：当先行项是way并且定语从句要表示“以……的方式”时，定语从句常用that或in which引导，that或in which也可以省略。如：
I like the way (that/in which) she smiles.
关系代词也可以用作介词的宾语。在正式场合，介词可以置于关系代词前，这种情况下关系代词不可省略，也不可以用that代替。如：
Is this the magazine (which/that) you were talking about just now
= Is this the magazine about which you were talking just now
但是要注意的是，固定短语中的介词不能前置到关系代词前。如：
You are the very person (whom/that) we are looking for.
语法概念:
1)The woman ______ spoke at the meeting was Mrs Jones.
2)Mrs Smith ___________ you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
3)In Greece there was once a king ________ name was Midas.
4)I'd like a room the window of________ looks out over the sea.
用关系词填空，并分析其功能:
which
(who/whom)
whose
who
主语
宾语
定语
宾语
即时练习
03. Practice
Express your opinion on friends or friendship using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns.
Let’s write
Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmth and happiness. Friendship is also one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy. When in trouble, we need friends who can give us support and encouragement. With success achieved, we also need friends that can share our joys. We all need friends whose help makes our life more enjoyable.
)
)
the subject of the clause
which
sunshine
that
antecedent
Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmth and happiness .
Friendship is also one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy .
(
one of the greatest pleasures
the object of the clause
antecedent
(
)
)
the subject of the clause
who
friends
that
friends
the subject of the clause
antecedent
antecedent
When in trouble, we need friends who can give us support and encouragement .
With success achieved, we also need friends that can share our joys.
(
(
We all need friends whose help makes our life more enjoyable .
(
)
friends’
whose
antecedent’s
A real friend is someone (whose support we can count on).
whose support = someone's support
I saw a man shouting at a driver _______ car was blocking the street .
This is the little girl _______ parents were killed in the great earthquake .
whose
the driver’s car
whose
the little girl’s parents
B1
Rewrite the following sentences using restrictive relative clauses.
Applying the rules
1. Common interests provide rich ground. Many friendships grow from rich ground.
Common interests provide rich ground ________________________________.
2. When friend’s communication is warm and open, friendships grow best.
Friendships grow best between friends __________________________________.
3. Friendships are like flowers. These flowers need to be taken good care of.
Friendships are like flowers ____________________________________.
4. A relationship with a true friend will surely produce fruit. You can count on a true friend.
A relationship with a true friend ____________________________ will surely produce fruit.
5. You have been helped by others. To make friends, you should help others in the same way.
To make friends, you should help others the way_________________________________.
from which many friendships grow
whose communication is warm and open
which/that need to be taken good care of
whom/who/that you can count on
in which/that you have been helped by others
B2
The passage below is about friendship in a great plete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.
In Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the friendship (1) ____________ forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book, though they appear to be an unlikely pair. Huck is a poor white boy (2) ____________ father often beats him, while Jim is a black slave (3) ____________ longs to be free. One day, Huck runs away from home to an island. There he meets Jim and makes friends with him. Then they leave the island together on a raft (4) ____________ they find on the Mississippi River. They head north to Illinois, a state in (5) ____________ Jim can become free. The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers. In the end, Huck decides that Jim is a friend (6) _______________ he needs and values, and refuses to give him up. From this story we can see that friends are people (7) ____________ support you through thick and thin.
which/that
whose
who/that
(which/that)
which
(whom/that/who)
who/that
The passage below is about friendship in a great plete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.
Part B2
which/that
whose
who/that
(which/that)
which
whom/that/who
who/that
04. Summary
（1）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况
1）当先行词是anything, everything, nothing（something除外）, few, all,none, little, some等代词，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much,each等修饰时，只能用that，但有时可以省略。
Have you taken down everything（that）Mr. Lee has said
All that can be done has been done．所有能做的都做了。
There is little（that）I can do for you．我几乎不能为你做什么。
考查重点:
2）当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时，只能用that。
Who is the man that is standing there？正站在那儿的那个人是谁？
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most？哪件T恤衫最适合我？
3）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that。
This is the best film that I have seen．这是我看过的最好的一部电影。
4）当形容词被the very, the only, the same, the last修饰时，只能用that。当先行词指人时偶尔也可以用who。
This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy.这就是我想买的那本很实用的词典。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.他家遭遇火灾之后，他仅剩那辆旧车。
5）当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
6）当关系代词在定语从句中做表语时，只能用that。
The village is no longer the one that it used to be10 years ago.
乡村已经不再是10年前的样子了。
7）当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时，只能用that。
The writer and his works that you told me about are admired by us all.
我们所有人都仰慕你告诉我的那位作家和他所做的作品。
1）定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分。句子也可以由when,where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，但不充当句子成分。
The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money．我们现在面临的问题是如何筹集巨额资金。（定语从句）
The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.我们如何筹集巨额资金的问题是很难解决的。（同位语从句）
2）定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系。
The flight that took off just now is to London.刚刚起飞的航班是飞往伦敦的。（定语从句）
区分定语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以发展成一个完整的句子。
The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.
我们可以请老师给点建议的主意不错。（同位语从句）
The idea that we have just heard is wonderful.
我们刚刚听到的主意不错。（定语从句）
区分定语从句和同位语从句
05. Homework
Workbook Page 70 Part C
1. All my classmates enjoyed the cake ___________ I made.
2. She has a brother ________ name I can't remember.
3. It is believed by many people that the man _________ makes no mistakes does not usually make anything.
4. My sister Tina likes reading novels ___________ were written by Charles Dickens.
5. It is an Australian company ________ logo looks like a red kangaroo.
(which/that)
whose
who/that
which/that
whose
6. The book __________ I borrowed from the library yesterday is very interesting.
7. This is the best film ________ we have ever made about friendship.
8. I really admire people ________ can work in such difficult conditions.
9. The man _________________ we met in the street just now used to be my English teacher.
10. I admire the way ____________ he solves the problem.
(which/that)
that
who/that
(who/that/whom )
(in which/that)